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Gaurav V, Bhoi AK, Mehta N. Home Remedies in Dermatology. Indian Dermatol Online J 2023; 14:864-870. [PMID: 38099029 PMCID: PMC10718121 DOI: 10.4103/idoj.idoj_166_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Gaurav
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, India
| | - Anil Kumar Bhoi
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, India
| | - Nikhil Mehta
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, India
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Apet R, Prakash L, Shewale KH, Jawade S, Dhamecha R. Treatment Modalities of Pediculosis Capitis: A Narrative Review. Cureus 2023; 15:e45028. [PMID: 37829988 PMCID: PMC10566308 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.45028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The review has been done to find out the best-suited treatment modality for pediculosis capitis. Pediatric patients frequently experience pediculosis capitis, a head louse infestation brought on by the Pediculus humanus var. capitis. The primary sign of head lice infestation is a scratchy scalp, and the presence of living nits confirms this diagnosis. When a doctor diagnoses pediculosis as a primary bacterial infection, a bacterial impetignization and secondary infection, and cervical and occipital lymphadenopathy might make the clinical diagnosis more difficult. A proper therapy of pediculosis requires screening and treatment of all close contacts. The careful use of topical pediculicidal treatments, especially permethrin lotion and wet combing with a fine tooth comb, is required for the medical treatment of a head louse infestation. We've tried to outline the key points of treating head lice infestations. There are several treatment alternatives suggested, including over-the-counter permethrin and pyrethrin as well as prescription medications including malathion, lindane, benzyl alcohol, and spinosad.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Apet
- Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute Of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Lekhavardhini Prakash
- Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Kritika H Shewale
- Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Sugat Jawade
- Dermatology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Rishi Dhamecha
- Medicine and Surgery, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
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Abbasi E, Daliri S, Yazdani Z, Mohseni S, Mohammadyan G, Seyed Hosseini SN, Haghighi RN. Evaluation of resistance of human head lice to pyrethroid insecticides: A meta-analysis study. Heliyon 2023; 9:e17219. [PMID: 37408932 PMCID: PMC10319209 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Pediculosis is one of the most common annoying infections caused by parasitic lice in humans. Pyrethroids are one of the main insecticides used to treat this infection. But recently, due to the Resistance of lice to this group of insecticides, its insecticidal effects have been affected. The present study was conducted through a meta-analysis to investigate the prevalence of pyrethroid resistance against these insecticides worldwide. Methods This study was conducted as a meta-analysis of the prevalence of treatment resistance in human head lice against pyrethroid insecticides worldwide. Based on this, all articles published without a time limit until the end of June 2022 in PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science (ISI), Scopus, and Google Scholar databases were extracted and using random-effects meta-analysis model statistical methods in the meta-analysis, Cochrane, Index I2, and funnel plot were analyzed by STATA software. Results Twenty studies were included in the meta-analysis process. According to this, the prevalence of pyrethroid resistance insecticides in human head lice was estimated at 59% (CI95%: 50%-68%). Among pyrethroid insecticides, the highest prevalence of pyrethroid resistance against permethrin insecticide was 65%. Regarding the prevalence of Resistance by year, the prevalence before 2004 was estimated at 33%, but after 2015, this rate reached 82%. Also, the majority of pyrethroid resistance was estimated at 68% using genetic diagnosis methods and 43% using clinical diagnosis methods. Conclusion More than half of human head lice pyrethroid resistance insecticides. Based on this, it is recommended that before using this treatment method to treat human head lice Infestation, it should investigate the prevalence of pyrethroid resistance in that area, and if the majority of Resistance is high, alternative or combined treatment methods should be used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebrahim Abbasi
- Research Center for Health Sciences, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Dept. of Biology and Control of Disease Vectors, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Salman Daliri
- Research Clinical Research Development Unit, Imam Hossein Hospital, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Zahra Yazdani
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Shokrollah Mohseni
- Research Center for Health Sciences, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ghulamraza Mohammadyan
- Research Center for Health Sciences, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Bains P, Kaur S. Silicone in Dermatology: An Update. J Cutan Aesthet Surg 2023; 16:14-20. [PMID: 37383974 PMCID: PMC10298615 DOI: 10.4103/jcas.jcas_204_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Silicones aka siloxanes are synthetic compounds, which contain siloxane bonds, i.e., the repeat unit -Si-O- with organic side groups such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, phenyl, fluoroalkyl, aminoalkyl, hydroxy, mercapto, hydrogen, and vinyl attached to the silicon atoms. They have ability to create short, long, or complex organosilicone oligomer and polymer particles. The siloxane bond in silicone is very strong and highly stable with nontoxic, noncarcinogenic, and hypoallergic properties. Silicone compounds have become one of the key ingredients in various skin care products namely moisturizers, sunscreen, color cosmetics, hair shampoos, etc. This review focuses on an update on various indications of silicone in dermatology. For this review, the literature search was conducted using keywords such as silicone and role of silicone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Bains
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology & Leprosy, Sri Guru Ram Das Institute of Medical Sciences & Research, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Simplepreet Kaur
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology & Leprosy, Government Multispeciality Hospital, Chandigarh, India
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Fu YT, Yao C, Deng YP, Elsheikha HM, Shao R, Zhu XQ, Liu GH. Human pediculosis, a global public health problem. Infect Dis Poverty 2022; 11:58. [PMID: 35619191 PMCID: PMC9134731 DOI: 10.1186/s40249-022-00986-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Human pediculosis is caused by hematophagous lice, which are transmitted between individuals via direct and/or indirect contact. Despite the public health importance of louse infestation, information concerning the global burden of pediculosis and the epidemiological landscape of louse-borne diseases is limited. The aim of this review was to summarize the biology, epidemiology, diagnosis, and control of lice infestation in humans. We also discussed the latest advances in molecular taxonomy and molecular genetics of lice. Methods We searched five electronic bibliographic databases (PubMed, ScienceDirect, CNKI, VIP Chinese Journal Database, and Wanfang Data) and followed a standard approach for conducting scoping reviews to identify studies on various aspects of human lice. Relevant information reported in the identified studies were collated, categorized, and summarized. Results A total of 282 studies were eligible for the final review. Human pediculosis remains a public health issue affecting millions of people worldwide. Emerging evidence suggests that head lice and body lice should be considered conspecific, with different genotypes and ecotypes. Phylogenetic analysis based on mitochondrial (mt) cytb gene sequences identified six distinct clades of lice worldwide. In addition to the direct effect on human health, lice can serve as vectors of disease-causing pathogens. The use of insecticides plays a crucial role in the treatment and prevention of louse infestation. Genome sequencing has advanced our knowledge of the genetic structure and evolutionary biology of human lice. Conclusions Human pediculosis is a public health problem affecting millions of people worldwide, particularly in developing countries. More progress can be made if emphasis is placed on the use of emerging omics technologies to elucidate the mechanisms that underpin the physiological, ecological, and evolutionary aspects of lice. Graphic Abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40249-022-00986-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Tian Fu
- Research Center for Parasites and Vectors, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chaoqun Yao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and One Health Center for Zoonoses and Tropical Veterinary Medicine, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, Basseterre, Saint Kitts and Nevis.
| | - Yuan-Ping Deng
- Research Center for Parasites and Vectors, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hany M Elsheikha
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Renfu Shao
- Centre for Bioinnovation, School of Science, Technology and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, QLD, 4556, Australia
| | - Xing-Quan Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Shanxi, China. .,Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health of Higher Education of Yunnan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650201, People's Republic of China.
| | - Guo-Hua Liu
- Research Center for Parasites and Vectors, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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Jahanifard E, Ghofleh-Maramazi H, Sharififard M, Mahmoodi Sourestani M, Saki-Malehi A, Maraghi E, Rasaei S. Pediculicidal Activity of Foeniculum vulgare Essential Oil in Treatment of Pediculus capitis as a Public Health Problem. J Arthropod Borne Dis 2022; 16:61-71. [PMID: 36636238 PMCID: PMC9807837 DOI: 10.18502/jad.v16i1.11193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pediculosis, caused by Pediculus spp is an important public health problem in urban and rural areas around the world. Natural compounds such as plant essential oils (EOs) have been suggested as a potential alternative for insect pest control recently. The purpose of this study was to investigate the toxicity of Foeniculum vulgare essential oil against the head louse, Pediculus capitis under laboratory conditions. Methods Fennel essential oil components were analyzed using GC-mass apparatus. Immersion and contact filter paper bioassays were used to evaluate fennel essential oil toxicity at the two-fold concentrations of 2.5, 5, 10, 20, and 40% against nit and nymph/adult stages of the head louse. Results Trans-anethole, α-Thujone, and limonene, which consisted of 76.08%, 10.37%, and 5.34% were the most components of fennel oil respectively. The LC50 values for the adult /nymphs were 11.5, 6.4, 3.9, 3.1 and 2.5% and LC99 values were 29.5, 15.2, 12.8, 10.8, and 7.4% at 10, 20, 30, 45 and 60 minutes after exposure respectively. The lethal times (LT50) for adults/nymphs were 5.2, 8.1, 9.5, 20.5, and 45.8 minutes and LT99 were 138.6, 91.3, 23.8, 21.7, and 13.9 minutes in the concentrations of 2.5, 5, 10, 20 and 40%, respectively. LC50 and LC99 values were 2.32% and 7.36% after 5 days for the eggs. Conclusion Fennel essential oil at the concentration of 15% after 20min is suggested to develop as an appropriate formulation to evaluate in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Jahanifard
- Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran,Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Hoda Ghofleh-Maramazi
- Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mona Sharififard
- Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran,Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran,Corresponding author: Dr Mona Sharififard,
| | | | - Amal Saki-Malehi
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Elham Maraghi
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Sima Rasaei
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Current and future strategies against cutaneous parasites. Pharm Res 2022; 39:631-651. [PMID: 35313360 PMCID: PMC9090711 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-022-03232-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Cutaneous parasites are identified by their specific cutaneous symptoms which are elicited based on the parasite's interactions with the host. Standard anti-parasitic treatments primarily focus on the use of specific drugs to disrupt the regular function of the target parasite. In cases where secondary infections are induced by the parasite itself, antibiotics may also be used in tandem with the primary treatment to deal with the infection. Whilst drug-based treatments are highly effective, the development of resistance by bacteria and parasites, is increasingly prevalent in the modern day, thus requiring the development of non-drug based anti-parasitic strategies. Cutaneous parasites vary significantly in terms of the non-systemic methods that are required to deal with them. The main factors that need to be considered are the specifically elicited cutaneous symptoms and the relative cutaneous depth in which the parasites typically reside in. Due to the various differences in their migratory nature, certain cutaneous strategies are only viable for specific parasites, which then leads to the idea of developing an all-encompassing anti-parasitic strategy that works specifically against cutaneous parasites. The main benefit of this would be the overall time saved in regards to the period that is needed for accurate diagnosis of parasite, coupled with the prescription and application of the appropriate treatment based on the diagnosis. This review will assess the currently identified cutaneous parasites, detailing their life cycles which will allow for the identification of certain areas that could be exploited for the facilitation of cutaneous anti-parasitic treatment.
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Fawzy M, ElKholy B. A practical guide to the safety of topical medications for the pediatric population. Dermatol Ther 2022; 35:e15377. [PMID: 35156280 DOI: 10.1111/dth.15377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Prescribing topical therapy for a child could be a challenging matter. This is due to the higher susceptibility of children to local and systemic side effects of topical drugs than adults. Herein, we provide clinicians with a practical guide regarding the side effects, precautions, and lower age limit of commonly prescribed topical medications for the pediatric population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manal Fawzy
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Andrology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Basma ElKholy
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Andrology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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Mohammadi J, Azizi K, Alipour H, Kalantari M, Bagheri M, Shahriari-Namadi M, Ebrahimi S, Moemenbellah-Fard MD. Frequency of pyrethroid resistance in human head louse treatment: systematic review and meta-analysis. Parasite 2021; 28:86. [PMID: 34935614 PMCID: PMC8693761 DOI: 10.1051/parasite/2021083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Head lice (Pediculus humanus capitis) are one of the most common insects causing infestations in humans worldwide, and infestation is associated with adverse socio-economic and public health effects. The development of genetic insensitivity (e.g., target site insensitivity = knockdown resistance or kdr) to topical insecticides has impaired effective treatment. Therefore, this study was undertaken to review and meta-analyze the frequency of pyrethroid resistance in treated head louse populations from the beginning of 2000 to the end of June 2021 worldwide. In order to accomplish this, all English language articles published over this period were extracted and reviewed. Statistical analyses of data were performed using fixed and random effect model tests in meta-analysis, Cochrane, meta-regression and I2 index. A total of 24 articles from an initial sample size of 5033 were accepted into this systematic review. The mean frequency of pyrethroid resistance was estimated to be 76.9%. In collected resistant lice, 64.4% were homozygote and 30.3% were heterozygote resistant. Globally, four countries (Australia, England, Israel, and Turkey) have 100% kdr gene frequencies, likely resulting in the ineffectiveness of pyrethrin- and pyrethroid-based pediculicides. The highest resistance recorded in these studies was against permethrin. This study shows that pyrethroid resistance is found at relatively high frequencies in many countries. As a result, treatment with current insecticides may not be effective and is likely the cause of increased levels of infestations. It is recommended that resistance status be evaluated prior to insecticide treatment, to increase efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jalal Mohammadi
- Department of Biology and Control of Disease Vectors, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, 71645 Shiraz, Iran
| | - Kourosh Azizi
- Department of Biology and Control of Disease Vectors, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, 71645 Shiraz, Iran - Research Center for Health Sciences, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, 71645 Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hamzeh Alipour
- Department of Biology and Control of Disease Vectors, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, 71645 Shiraz, Iran - Research Center for Health Sciences, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, 71645 Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohsen Kalantari
- Department of Biology and Control of Disease Vectors, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, 71645 Shiraz, Iran - Research Center for Health Sciences, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, 71645 Shiraz, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Bagheri
- Department of Biology and Control of Disease Vectors, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, 71645 Shiraz, Iran
| | - Marzieh Shahriari-Namadi
- Department of Biology and Control of Disease Vectors, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, 71645 Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad D Moemenbellah-Fard
- Department of Biology and Control of Disease Vectors, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, 71645 Shiraz, Iran - Research Center for Health Sciences, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, 71645 Shiraz, Iran
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Jain S, Arora P, Nainwal LM. Essential oils as Potential Source of Anti-dandruff Agents: A Review. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2021; 25:1411-1426. [PMID: 34254910 DOI: 10.2174/1386207324666210712094148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dandruff is a frequently occurring scalp problem that causes significant discomfort to approximately 50% population at some stage of life, especially post-puberty and pre-adult age. OBJECTIVE This review aims to summarize the recent findings regarding the anti-fungal properties of herbal essential oils against pathogens involved in dandruff prognosis. METHODS A literature search of studies published between 2000 and 2020 was conducted over databases: PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Science direct. Literature was explored using the guidelines given in Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). RESULTS Dandruff, characterized by clinical symptoms of dryness, pruritis, scaly, and flaky scalp, is considered a pri-mary manifestation of seborrheic dermatitis. Amongst various etiological and pathophysiological factors, a significant role of yeasts, primarily species of Malassezia, Candida, has been strongly correlated with dandruff. At the same time, incidences of M. furfur, M. restricta, and M. globosa are high compared to others. Due to relapse of symptoms with the withdrawal of conventional anti-dandruff products. Essential oils of herbal origin, such as tea tree oil, lime oil, rose-mary oil, have gained global importance in dermatology. These oils are rich in secondary aromatic metabolites, espe-cially terpenes and phenolic components that impart substantial antimicrobial properties and resisting biofilm production. CONCLUSION Based on the available information, we can conclude that essential oils have tremendous potential to be developed as anti-dandruff products; however, further studies are warranted to establish their efficacy in dandruff cures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shagun Jain
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sci-ences and Research University, New Delhi, India
| | - Poonam Arora
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sci-ences and Research University, New Delhi, India
| | - Lalit Mohan Nainwal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, HIMT College of Pharmacy, Harlal Institute of Management and Technol-ogy, Greater Noida, U.P, India
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Salimi M, Saghafipour A, Firoozfar F, Mozaffari E, Rezaei F, Vatandoost H. Study on Efficacy of 1% Permethrin Shampoo and Some Traditional Physical Treatment for Head Lice Infestation. Int J Prev Med 2021; 12:1. [PMID: 34084298 PMCID: PMC8106273 DOI: 10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_244_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: There is an increase in the prevalence of head lice among urban communities with high density in recent years. This study was aimed to determine the efficacy of 1% permethrin shampoo and some traditional physical treatment for head lice infestation in Qom Province, central Iran. Methods: This analytical cross-sectional study was carried out on all 11,223 cases in six categories that were referred to Qom health care system from 2016 to March of 2017. The infested people were treated with 1% permethrin shampoo, twice at a 1-week interval and other recommended therapeutic categories, such as the use of physical treatments such as wooden fine-toothed combs impregnated with a mixture of water and white vinegar on infested hair for 30 min and secondly, carrier oils such as olive oil, bitter almond on infested hair over a therapeutic period. After completing the course of treatment, treatment success was checked by questionnaires. Results: A total of 11,223 cases with head lice infestation were confirmed and were enrolled for study. Out of six categories, three therapeutic categories were utilized as follows: (a) 1% permethrin shampoo and the use of physical treatments; (b) 1% permethrin shampoo and the use of carrier oils; (c) the above-mentioned therapeutic categories combined had high treatment success. It was estimated to be 82.00%, 87.31%, and 94.33%, respectively. Conclusions: According to the findings, in addition to the application of 1% permethrin shampoo, the use of physical treatments and carrier oils such as olive oil, bitter almond can increase the treatment success of head lice infestation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojtaba Salimi
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Abedin Saghafipour
- Department of Public Health, School of Public Health, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Faranak Firoozfar
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Ehssan Mozaffari
- Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Rezaei
- Department of Social Medicine, Medicine School, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran
| | - Hassan Vatandoost
- Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Kassiri H, Fahdani AE, Cheraghian B. Comparative efficacy of permethrin 1%, lindane 1%, and dimeticone 4% for the treatment of head louse infestation in Iran. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:3506-3514. [PMID: 32918266 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10686-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Pediculosis capitis occurs worldwide. Children in the age group of 5-13 years are the ordinary victims. Population-based studies show that the prevalence of pediculosis is 1.6-13.4% in various regions of Iran. In this observer-blinded trial, we conducted a study to evaluate the comparative efficacy and safety of permethrin 1% and lindane 1% shampoos and dimeticone 4% lotion to cure head lice infestation in children aged 7-13 years in female primary schools in Ahvaz City, Iran. Children with head lice were randomized to receive each treatment. Two applications of permethrin 1% or dimeticone 4% were done, 1 week apart. However, lindane 1% was used just once for treatment cases. Data analysis was done using SPSS software. Recovery differences between the groups were tested using the chi-squared test. Four hundred forty-four louse-infested schoolgirls were randomly treated with them. Permethrin, lindane, dimeticone, and placebo produced the recovery rates 56.8, 31.5, 51.4, and 10.8% on day 2 post-treatment, respectively. Cure rates were in the permethrin group on days 8 and 15, respectively, 69.4 and 90.1%. The success rates were in the lindane group on days 8 and 15, respectively, 73 and 86.5%. The success rates were in the dimeticone group on days 8 and 15, respectively, 60.4 and 94.6%. It is recommended dimeticone lotion (4%) as a very effective and safe pediculicide for pediculosis control. With proper application, dimethicone can rapidly cure head lice infestation with minimal reinfestation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Kassiri
- Department of Medical Entomology, School of Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Atefe Ebrahimi Fahdani
- Department of Medical Entomology, School of Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Bahman Cheraghian
- Department of Bio-Statistics, School of Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Djohan V, Angora KE, Miezan S, Bédia AK, Konaté A, Vanga-Bosson AH, Kassi FK, Kiki-Barro P, Yavo W, Menan EI. Pediculosis capitis in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire: Epidemiological profile and associated risk factors. Parasite Epidemiol Control 2020; 11:e00159. [PMID: 32715112 PMCID: PMC7371914 DOI: 10.1016/j.parepi.2020.e00159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Pediculosis capitis (PC) is a parasitic infestation, common in children's communities caused by Pediculus humanus capitis. Various factors including infestation-related stigma, treatment cost and health risks make this infestation deserves special attention. This study aims to determine epidemiological profile of pediculosis capitis twenty years after the last study in Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire. An epidemiological cross-sectional survey was carried out from April to June 2018 across 40 public primary schools in the ten districts of Abidjan. Data from schoolchildren and parents and/or guardians were collected using a pretested questionnaire after agreement and signature of the informed consent form. Head lice were identified visually with a magnifying glass, and then collected using fine combs and hairbrushes. The positive diagnosis was made by the detection of living lice in the hair. Of the 4, 805 included participants, 28 (0.58%) were hosting living lice in hair. Analysis of associated factors showed that gender related-status was associated with PC. In this case, girls were more affected than boys (p=0.018). Plateau, Treichville and Port Bouët municipalities were the most affected (p=0.018). The length hair was associated with the occurrence of PC (p<0,001). Schoolchildren from families with low monthly income was most infected by PC (p=0.023). Some parameters such as promiscuity and collective use of washing facilities and bedding, were not found to be associated to head lice infestation. This study shows a drastic decrease of PC prevalence in Abidjan corresponding to 97%. This could be due to the improvement in the quality of life and education of the population of Abidjan. The establishment of hygiene committees and the teaching of basic hygiene practices from the first school years have contributed to these achievements. Maintaining these measures will contribute to the sustainable elimination of CP among children in Abidjan.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Djohan
- Département de parasitologie-mycologie, UFR Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny, 01 BPV 34 Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.,Institut Pierre Richet/Institut National de Santé Publique, Bouaké, 01 BP 1500 Bouaké, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - K E Angora
- Département de parasitologie-mycologie, UFR Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny, 01 BPV 34 Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - S Miezan
- Département de parasitologie-mycologie, UFR Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny, 01 BPV 34 Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - A K Bédia
- Département de parasitologie-mycologie, UFR Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny, 01 BPV 34 Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - A Konaté
- Département de parasitologie-mycologie, UFR Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny, 01 BPV 34 Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - A H Vanga-Bosson
- Département de parasitologie-mycologie, UFR Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny, 01 BPV 34 Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - F K Kassi
- Département de parasitologie-mycologie, UFR Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny, 01 BPV 34 Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Pcm Kiki-Barro
- Département de parasitologie-mycologie, UFR Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny, 01 BPV 34 Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - W Yavo
- Département de parasitologie-mycologie, UFR Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny, 01 BPV 34 Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - E I Menan
- Département de parasitologie-mycologie, UFR Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny, 01 BPV 34 Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
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Fox K, Larkin K, Sanchez A. Global Trends in Genetic Markers of Pediculus humanus capitis Resistance Mechanisms. CURRENT TROPICAL MEDICINE REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40475-020-00204-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Kartashova OV, Lobuteva LA, Zakharova OV, Lobuteva AV, Goykhman AA. Medical and Social Factors of Pediculosis. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2019; 7:3240-3244. [PMID: 31949523 PMCID: PMC6953927 DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2019.699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 09/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Pediculosis is a global problem in public health. An important factor in the efficient eradication of lice is ensuring adequate recognition and treatment of the disease by the population. In the present study, awareness of the population about the physiological properties of head lice, the ways of infestation with head lice, and the methods of treatment and prevention were studied. Perception of the disease by the people who had had head pediculosis and other people around them was identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oxana V Kartashova
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Trubetskaya Street, 8/2, 119992, Moscow, Russia
| | - Liudmila A Lobuteva
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Trubetskaya Street, 8/2, 119992, Moscow, Russia
| | - Oksana V Zakharova
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Trubetskaya Street, 8/2, 119992, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alisa V Lobuteva
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Trubetskaya Street, 8/2, 119992, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anastasia A Goykhman
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Trubetskaya Street, 8/2, 119992, Moscow, Russia
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Kopecky A, Koch KR, Heindl LM. Ungewöhnliche Entzündung des Oberlides. Ophthalmologe 2017; 114:848-850. [DOI: 10.1007/s00347-017-0461-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Torre GLTD, Ponsaran KMG, de Guzman ALDP, Manalo RAM, Arollado EC. Safety, Efficacy, and Physicochemical Characterization of Tinospora crispa Ointment: A Community-Based Formulation against Pediculus humanus capitis. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY 2017; 55:409-416. [PMID: 28877572 PMCID: PMC5594725 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2017.55.4.409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 07/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The high prevalence of pediculosis capitis, commonly known as head lice (Pediculus humanus capitis) infestation, has led to the preparation of a community-based pediculicidal ointment, which is made of common household items and the extract of Tinospora crispa stem. The present study aimed to evaluate the safety, efficacy, and physicochemical characteristics of the T. crispa pediculicidal ointment. The physicochemical properties of the ointment were characterized, and safety was determined using acute dermal irritation test (OECD 404), while the efficacy was assessed using an in vitro pediculicidal assay. Furthermore, the chemical compounds present in T. crispa were identified using liquid-liquid extraction followed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography quadruple time-of-flight mass spectrometric (UPLC-qTOF/MS) analysis. The community-based ointment formulation was light yellow in color, homogeneous, smooth, with distinct aromatic odor and pH of 6.92±0.09. It has spreadability value of 15.04±0.98 g·cm/sec and has thixotropic behavior. It was also found to be non-irritant, with a primary irritation index value of 0.15. Moreover, it was comparable to the pediculicidal activity of the positive control Kwell®, a commercially available 1% permethrin shampoo (P>0.05), and was significantly different to the activity of the negative control ointment, a mixture of palm oil and candle wax (P<0.05). These findings suggested that the community-based T. crispa pediculicidal ointment is safe and effective, having acceptable physicochemical characteristics. Its activity can be attributed to the presence of compounds moupinamide and physalin I.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerwin Louis Tapan Dela Torre
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Institutes of Health, University of the Philippines Manila, Ermita, Manila 1000, the Philippines
| | - Kerstin Mariae Gonzales Ponsaran
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Institutes of Health, University of the Philippines Manila, Ermita, Manila 1000, the Philippines
| | - Angelica Louise Dela Peña de Guzman
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Institutes of Health, University of the Philippines Manila, Ermita, Manila 1000, the Philippines
| | - Richelle Ann Mallapre Manalo
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Institutes of Health, University of the Philippines Manila, Ermita, Manila 1000, the Philippines
| | - Erna Custodio Arollado
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Institutes of Health, University of the Philippines Manila, Ermita, Manila 1000, the Philippines
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, University of the Philippines Manila, Ermita, Manila 1000, the Philippines
- Corresponding author ()
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Sangaré AK, Doumbo OK, Raoult D. Management and Treatment of Human Lice. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:8962685. [PMID: 27529073 PMCID: PMC4978820 DOI: 10.1155/2016/8962685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Revised: 04/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Of the three lice (head, body, and pubic louse) that infest humans, the body louse is the species involved in epidemics of louse-borne typhus, trench fever, and relapsing fever, but all the three cause pediculosis. Their infestations occur today in many countries despite great efforts to maintain high standards of public health. In this review, literature searches were performed through PubMed, Medline, Google Scholar, and EBSCOhost, with key search words of "Pediculus humanus", "lice infestation", "pediculosis", and "treatment"; and controlled clinical trials were viewed with great interest. Removing lice by hand or with a lice comb, heating infested clothing, and shaving the scalp were some of the oldest methods of controlling human lice. Despite the introduction of other resources including cresol, naphthalene, sulfur, mercury, vinegar, petroleum, and insecticides, the numbers of lice infestation cases and resistance have increased. To date, viable alternative treatments to replace insecticides have been developed experimentally in vitro. Today, the development of new treatment strategies such as symbiotic treatment and synergistic treatment (antibiotics + ivermectin) in vitro has proved effective and is promising. Here, we present an overview on managing and treating human lice and highlight new strategies to more effectively fight pediculosis and prevent resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdoul Karim Sangaré
- Research Unit on Emerging Infectious and Tropical Diseases (URMITE), UMR CNRS 7278, IRD 198, INSERM 1095, Faculty of Medicine, Aix-Marseille University, 27 boulevard Jean Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France
- Epidemiology Department of Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Odonto-Stomatology, Faculty of Pharmacy (MRTC/DEAP/FMOS-FAPH) UMI3189, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako (USTTB), Bamako, Mali
| | - Ogobara K. Doumbo
- Epidemiology Department of Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Odonto-Stomatology, Faculty of Pharmacy (MRTC/DEAP/FMOS-FAPH) UMI3189, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako (USTTB), Bamako, Mali
| | - Didier Raoult
- Research Unit on Emerging Infectious and Tropical Diseases (URMITE), UMR CNRS 7278, IRD 198, INSERM 1095, Faculty of Medicine, Aix-Marseille University, 27 boulevard Jean Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France
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