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Xin J, Wang T, Hou B, Lu X, Han N, He Y, Zhang D, Wang X, Wei C, Jia Z. Tongxinluo capsule as a multi-functional traditional Chinese medicine in treating cardiovascular disease: A review of components, pharmacological mechanisms, and clinical applications. Heliyon 2024; 10:e33309. [PMID: 39040283 PMCID: PMC11261786 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are one of the most significant diseases that pose a threat to human health. The innovative traditional Chinese medicine Tongxinluo Capsule, developed under the guidance of the theory of traditional Chinese medicine, has good clinical efficacy in various cardiovascular diseases, this medicine has effects such as blood protection, vascular protection, myocardial protection, stabilizing vulnerable plaques, and vasodilation. However, CVDs are a multifactorial disease, and their underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Therefore, exploring the mechanism of action and clinical application of Tongxinluo Capsule in the treatment of various cardiovascular diseases is beneficial for exerting its therapeutic effect from multiple components, targets, and pathways. At the same time, it provides broader treatment ideas for other difficult to treat diseases in the cardiovascular event chain, and has significant theoretical and clinical significance for improving the treatment of cardiovascular diseases with traditional Chinese medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Xin
- Graduate School, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
- State Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Shijiazhuang, 050035, China
- Key Laboratory of State Administration of TCM (Cardio-Cerebral Vessel Collateral Disease), Shijiazhuang, 050035, China
| | - Tongxing Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Shijiazhuang, 050035, China
- Key Laboratory of State Administration of TCM (Cardio-Cerebral Vessel Collateral Disease), Shijiazhuang, 050035, China
| | - Bin Hou
- State Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Shijiazhuang, 050035, China
- Key Laboratory of State Administration of TCM (Cardio-Cerebral Vessel Collateral Disease), Shijiazhuang, 050035, China
| | - Xuan Lu
- Graduate School, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
- State Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Shijiazhuang, 050035, China
- Key Laboratory of State Administration of TCM (Cardio-Cerebral Vessel Collateral Disease), Shijiazhuang, 050035, China
| | - Ningxin Han
- Graduate School, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
- State Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Shijiazhuang, 050035, China
- Key Laboratory of State Administration of TCM (Cardio-Cerebral Vessel Collateral Disease), Shijiazhuang, 050035, China
| | - Yanling He
- State Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Shijiazhuang, 050035, China
- Key Laboratory of State Administration of TCM (Cardio-Cerebral Vessel Collateral Disease), Shijiazhuang, 050035, China
- Graduate School, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050090, Hebei, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Shijiazhuang, 050035, China
- Key Laboratory of State Administration of TCM (Cardio-Cerebral Vessel Collateral Disease), Shijiazhuang, 050035, China
- Graduate School, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050090, Hebei, China
| | - Xiaoqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Shijiazhuang, 050035, China
- Key Laboratory of State Administration of TCM (Cardio-Cerebral Vessel Collateral Disease), Shijiazhuang, 050035, China
| | - Cong Wei
- State Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Shijiazhuang, 050035, China
- Key Laboratory of State Administration of TCM (Cardio-Cerebral Vessel Collateral Disease), Shijiazhuang, 050035, China
| | - Zhenhua Jia
- Graduate School, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
- State Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Shijiazhuang, 050035, China
- Key Laboratory of State Administration of TCM (Cardio-Cerebral Vessel Collateral Disease), Shijiazhuang, 050035, China
- Affiliated Yiling Hospital of Hebei Medical University, High-level TCM Key Disciplines of National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine—Luobing Theory, Shijiazhuang, 050091, Hebei, China
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Chen Q, Zou J, Shi Y, Zhang X, Guo D, Luan F, Sun J. Chinese patent medicine Tongxinluo: A review on chemical constituents, pharmacological activities, quality control, and clinical applications. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 132:155674. [PMID: 38901283 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease (CCVD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, imposing a significant economic burden on individuals and societies. For the past few years, Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has attracted much attention due to its advantages such as fewer side effects in the treatment of CCVD. TXL has shown great promise in the treatment of CCVD. PURPOSE This paper aims to provide a comprehensive introduction to TXL, covering its chemical constituents, quality control, pharmacological properties, adverse reactions, and clinical applications through an extensive search of relevant electronic databases while discussing its current challenges and provides opinions for future study. METHODS The following electronic databases were searched up to 2023: "TXL", "CCVD", "Chemical constituents", "Quality control" and "Pharmacological properties" were entered as keywords in PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar and China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database and WANFANG DATA databases. The PRISMA guidelines were followed in this review process. RESULTS Studies have confirmed that TXL is effective in treating patients with CCVD and has fewer adverse effects. The aim of this review is to explore TXL anti-CCVD effects in relation to oxidative stress, lipid metabolism and enhanced cardiac function. This review also provides additional information on safety issues. CONCLUSION TXL plays a key role in the treatment of CCVD by regulating various pathways such as lipid metabolism, oxidative stress and inflammation. However, further clinical trials and animal experiments are needed to provide more evidence and recommendations for its clinical application. This article provides an overview of TXL research to inform and inspire future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Chen
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Fundamentals and New Drugs Research, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, Shaanxi, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Junbo Zou
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Fundamentals and New Drugs Research, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, Shaanxi, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Yajun Shi
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Fundamentals and New Drugs Research, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, Shaanxi, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Xiaofei Zhang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Fundamentals and New Drugs Research, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, Shaanxi, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Dongyan Guo
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Fundamentals and New Drugs Research, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, Shaanxi, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Fei Luan
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Fundamentals and New Drugs Research, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, Shaanxi, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, Shaanxi, PR China.
| | - Jing Sun
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Fundamentals and New Drugs Research, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, Shaanxi, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, Shaanxi, PR China.
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Wang J, Li TL, Chang PF, Gao YQ, Fan JS, Zhang CH, Zhu HY. Clinical effects and mechanisms of a Chinese patent medicine, Tongxinluo capsule, as an adjuvant treatment in coronary heart disease. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27460. [PMID: 38533036 PMCID: PMC10963209 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the leading cause of death globally, posing a serious threat to human health. However, the current treatment approaches available for CHD fall short of the ideal results. Tongxinluo (TXL) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) that has been employed in the clinical treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases (such as angina pectoris, stroke, etc.) in China for many years and holds great potential as a prospective treatment. TXL either as a standalone treatment or in combination with interventions recommended in CHD guidelines has been shown to be effective and well tolerated in clinical trials for CHD. Drawing on the evidence from clinical trials and experimental studies, this review will focus on the cardiovascular protective properties and related mechanisms of TXL. By searching 8 Chinese and English databases, more than 4000 articles were retrieved. These articles were categorized, then read, and finally written into this review. In this review, the pharmacological properties of TXL include regulation of blood lipids, improvement of endothelial function, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, inhibition of apoptosis and regulation of autophagy, anti-fibrosis, promotion of angiogenesis, and modulation of exosome communication. The information provided in this review will help the reader to comprehend better the insights that TCM has developed over time in practice and provide new perspectives for the treatment of CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Affiliated Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Tian Li Li
- China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Pei Fen Chang
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Affiliated Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Yu Qian Gao
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Affiliated Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Jia Sai Fan
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Affiliated Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Chen Hao Zhang
- China Academy of Chinese Medicine Science Affiliated Wangjing Hospital, Beijing, 100102, China
| | - Hai Yan Zhu
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Affiliated Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing, 100700, China
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Yang Z, Liu Y, Li Z, Feng S, Lin S, Ge Z, Fan Y, Wang Y, Wang X, Mao J. Coronary microvascular dysfunction and cardiovascular disease: Pathogenesis, associations and treatment strategies. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 164:115011. [PMID: 37321056 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) is a high-risk factor for a variety of cardiovascular events. Due to its complex aetiology and concealability, knowledge of the pathophysiological mechanism of CMD is still limited at present, which greatly restricts its clinical diagnosis and treatment. Studies have shown that CMD is closely related to a variety of cardiovascular diseases, can aggravate the occurrence and development of cardiovascular diseases, and is closely related to a poor prognosis in patients with cardiovascular diseases. Improving coronary microvascular remodelling and increasing myocardial perfusion might be promising strategies for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. In this paper, the pathogenesis and functional assessment of CMD are reviewed first, along with the relationship of CMD with cardiovascular diseases. Then, the latest strategies for the treatment of CMD and cardiovascular diseases are summarized. Finally, urgent scientific problems in CMD and cardiovascular diseases are highlighted and future research directions are proposed to provide prospective insights for the prevention and treatment of CMD and cardiovascular diseases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihua Yang
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.
| | - Yangxi Liu
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China.
| | - Zhenzhen Li
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.
| | - Shaoling Feng
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China.
| | - Shanshan Lin
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China.
| | - Zhao Ge
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China.
| | - Yujian Fan
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China.
| | - Yi Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.
| | - Xianliang Wang
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China.
| | - Jingyuan Mao
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China.
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Balashkevich N, Kazymov M, Syzdykbayev M, Adylova A. Molecular basis of acute coronary syndrome. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN MEDICAL SCIENCES : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF ISFAHAN UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2022; 27:40. [PMID: 35968216 PMCID: PMC9374151 DOI: 10.4103/jrms.jrms_695_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) comprise of various heart and blood vessels-related diseases. Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is one of them. Basic researchers and cardiologists have witnessed landmark developments related to ACS and despite rapid refinement in our understanding; scientists are seeking answers for more questions. Scientists have mapped wide ranging proteins and intricate protein networks which play central role in the pathogenesis in ACS. In this review, we have attempted to summarize underlying causes of ACS. Better understanding of the disease pathology will enable us to get a step closer to an effective clinical management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maxut Kazymov
- Department of Family Medicine, Semey Medical University, Semey, Kazakhstan
| | - Marat Syzdykbayev
- Department of Anesthesiology, Reanimatology and Narcology, Semey Medical University, Semey, Kazakhstan
| | - Aima Adylova
- Department of Public Health, Kazakhstan School of Public Health, Almaty, Kazakhstan,Address for correspondence: Dr. Aima Adylova, Kazakhstan School of Public Health, Almaty, Kazakhstan. E-mail:
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Wei X, Li J, Liu H, Niu C, Chen D. Salidroside promotes the osteogenic and odontogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells through the BMP signaling pathway. Exp Ther Med 2021; 23:55. [PMID: 34917181 PMCID: PMC8630442 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Regenerative endodontics, as an alternative approach, aims to regenerate dental pulp-like tissues and is garnering the attention of clinical dentists. This is due to its reported biological benefits for dental therapeutics. Stem cells and their microenvironment serve an important role in the process of pulp regeneration. Regulation of the stem cell microenvironment and the directed differentiation of stem cells is becoming a topic of intensive research. Salidroside (SAL) is extracted from the root of Rhodiola rosea and it has been reported that SAL exerts antiaging, neuroprotective, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective and anticancer effects. However, the ability of SAL to regulate the osteo/odontogenic differentiation of hDPSCs remains to be elucidated. In the present study, the effect of SAL on the proliferation and osteogenic/odontogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) was investigated. This was achieved by performing CCK-8 ARS staining assay, reverse transcription-quantitative PCR to detect mRNA of ALP, OSX, RUNX2, OCN, DSPP and BSP, western blotting to detect the protein of MAPK, Smad1/5/8, OSX, RUNX2, BSP and GAPDH and immunofluorescence assays to detect DSPP. The results indicated that SAL promoted the cell viability and the osteogenic/odontogenic differentiation of hDPSCs whilst increasing the expression of genes associated with osteogenic/odontogenic differentiation by ARS staining assay. In addition, SAL promoted osteogenic and odontogenic differentiation by activating the phosphorylation of Smad1/5/8. Collectively, these findings suggest that SAL promoted the osteogenic and odontogenic differentiation of hDPSCs activating the BMP signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Wei
- Department of Endodontics, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200001, P.R. China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Craniomaxillofacial Development and Diseases, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200001, P.R. China
| | - Jiayang Li
- Department of Endodontics, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200001, P.R. China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Craniomaxillofacial Development and Diseases, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200001, P.R. China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Endodontics, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200001, P.R. China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Craniomaxillofacial Development and Diseases, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200001, P.R. China
| | - Chenguang Niu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Craniomaxillofacial Development and Diseases, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200001, P.R. China.,Department of Endodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China.,College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Dong Chen
- Department of Endodontics, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200001, P.R. China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Craniomaxillofacial Development and Diseases, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200001, P.R. China
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MiR-629-5p promotes the invasion of lung adenocarcinoma via increasing both tumor cell invasion and endothelial cell permeability. Oncogene 2020; 39:3473-3488. [PMID: 32108166 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-1228-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Tumor invasion underlies further metastasis, the leading cause for cancer-related deaths. Deregulation of microRNAs has been identified associated with the malignant behavior of various cancers, including lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), the major subtype of lung cancer. Here, we showed the significantly positive correlation between miR-629-5p level and tumor invasion in LUAD specimens (n = 49). In a human LUAD metastasis mouse model, H1650 cells (high level of miR-629-5p) were more aggressive than A549 cells (low level of miR-629-5p) in vivo, including higher incidence of vascular invasion and pulmonary colonization. Ectopic expression of miR-629-5p in A549 cells also increased their invasive capability. Then we identified that miR-629-5p promotes LUAD invasion in a mode of dual regulation via tumor cells invasion and endothelial cells permeability, respectively. In tumor cells, miR-629-5p enhanced motility and invasiveness of tumor cells by directly targeting PPWD1 (a cyclophilin), which clinically related to tumor invasion in LUAD specimens. Restoring PPWD1 protein significantly attenuated the invasion-promoting effects of miR-629-5p. Besides, exosomal-miR-629-5p secreted from tumor cells could be transferred to endothelial cells and increased endothelial monolayers permeability by suppressing CELSR1 (a nonclassic-type cadherin), which had a low level in the endothelial cells of invasive LUAD specimens. Activating the expression of CELSR1 in endothelial cells markedly blocked the effect of miR-629-5p. Our study suggests the dual roles of miR-629-5p in tumor cells and endothelial cells for LUAD invasion, implying a therapeutic option to targeting miR-629-5p using the "one stone, two birds" strategy in LUAD.
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F-box and leucine-rich repeat protein 5 promotes colon cancer progression by modulating PTEN/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 107:1712-1719. [PMID: 30257389 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.08.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Revised: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The hyper-activation of PI3K/AKT signaling is common in many kinds of malignant tumors and promotes cell growth. Moreover, FBXL5 is reported to play an important role in the progression of gastric cancer and cervical cancer. In this view, this study aims to explore the function of FBXL5 in the progression of colon cancer and determine if PI3K/AKT signaling pathway involves in this process. Western blotting, RT-PCR, and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the expression pattern of FBXL5 in colon cancer tissues and cell lines. Immunofluorescence, Duolink, and immunoprecipitation (IP) assays were performed to evaluate the interaction between FBXL5 and PI3K/AKT signaling. Results showed that FBXL5 was elevated in colon cancer tissues and cells, which had physical interaction with PTEN protein and negatively regulated its expression, whereas positively modulated PI3K, AKT and mTOR expression and their phosphorylation. Besides, FBXL5 promoted cell proliferation and tumorigenesis and inhibited apoptosis by modulating PTEN/PI3K/AKT signaling. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that FBXL5 functioned as an oncogene in the progression of colon cancer through regulating PTEN/PI3K/AKT signaling.
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Zhang L, Li Y, Yang BS, Li L, Wang XZ, Ge ML, Jing QM, Ma YY, Wang G, Liu HW, Zhao X, Wang B, Xu K, Han YL. A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, and Placebo-Controlled Study of the Effects of Tongxinluo Capsules in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients with High On-Treatment Platelet Reactivity. Chin Med J (Engl) 2018; 131:508-515. [PMID: 29483383 PMCID: PMC5850665 DOI: 10.4103/0366-6999.226064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background High platelet reactivity (HPR) during clopidogrel treatment predicts postpercutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) ischemic events strongly and independently. Tongxinluo capsules (TCs) are a traditional Chinese medicine formulation used as antiplatelet treatment. However, its efficacy against HPR is not known. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of TCs in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients with HPR. Methods This multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study prospectively analyzed 136 ACS patients with HPR who underwent PCI. The patients were enrolled from November 2013 to May 2014 and randomized to receive placebo or TCs in addition to standard dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) with aspirin and clopidogrel. The primary end points were the prevalence of HPR at 30 days and the mean change in P2Y12reaction units (PRUs) between baseline and 30 days. Survival curves were constructed with Kaplan-Meier estimates and compared by log-rank tests between the two groups. Results Both groups had a significantly reduced prevalence of HPR at 30 days versus baseline, but the TC group, compared with the placebo group, had greater reduction (15.8% vs. 24.8%, P = 0.013), especially among patients with one cytochrome P450 2C19 loss of function (LOF) allele (χ2 = 2.931, P = 0.047). The TC group also had a lower prevalence of HPR (33.3% vs. 54.2%, t = 5.284, P = 0.022) and superior performance in light transmittance aggregometry and higher levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), but the composite prevalence of ischemic events did not differ significantly (χ2 = 1.587, P = 0.208). Conclusions In addition to standard DAPT with aspirin and clopidogrel, TCs further reduce PRU and hsCRP levels, especially in patients carrying only one LOF allele. The data suggest that TCs could be used in combination therapy for ACS patients with HPR undergoing PCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Region, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Region, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Bai-Song Yang
- Department of Cardiology, People's Liberation Army 463 Hospital, Shenyang, Liaoning 110000, China
| | - Lu Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhou Hospital Affiliated to Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, Liaoning 110000, China
| | - Xiao-Zeng Wang
- Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Region, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Mei-Ling Ge
- Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Region, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Quan-Min Jing
- Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Region, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Ying-Yan Ma
- Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Region, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Geng Wang
- Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Region, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Hai-Wei Liu
- Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Region, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Region, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Region, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Kai Xu
- Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Region, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Ya-Ling Han
- Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Region, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
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Zhong X, Lü M, Wan J, Zhou T, Qin B. Long noncoding RNA kcna3 inhibits the progression of colorectal carcinoma through down-regulating YAP1 expression. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 107:382-389. [PMID: 30099342 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.07.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2018] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) regulate diverse cellular processes, and their anomalous expression exert an essential role in the progression of many kinds of cancers, including colorectal carcinoma (CRC). The objective of this study was to investigate the role of lncRNA kcna3 and its underlying mechanism in CRC progression. The expression of lncRNA kcna3 in human CRC tissues and the adjacent non-tumor tissues was evaluated by RT-PCR. The correlations between lncRNA kcna3 expression levels and the overall survival (OS), as well as the clinicopathological features of CRC patients were analyzed. Gain-of-function and loss-of-function experiments were used to evaluate the effects of lncRNA kcna3 on the proliferation, apoptosis, migration, invasion and tumorigenesis of colon cancer SW620 cells. We found that lncRNA kcna3 was lowly expressed in CRC tissues, and its low expression was closely associated with patients' higher TNM grade and the higher occurrence rate of lymphatic metastasis and distant metastasis, as well as shorter OS. Enhanced expression of lncRNA kcna3 inhibited SW620 cells' proliferation, migration and invasion, and induced cell apoptosis in vitro, and repressed CRC tumor growth in vivo. Whereas knockdown of lncRNA kcna3 showed the opposite results. Mechanistically, up-regulation of lncRNA kcna3 decreased YAP1 protein expression and accelerated its degradation. The effects of lncRNA kcna3 overexpression on cell growth and tumorigenesis inhibition and apoptosis promotion were weakened when the expression of YAP1 was up-regulated. In conclusion, this study revealed that lncRNA kcna3 exerts a tumor-inhibit role in CRC progression through down-regulating YAP1 expression, indicating that lncRNA kcna3/YAP1 might be served as a new prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Zhong
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Muhan Lü
- The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Juyi Wan
- The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Tiejun Zhou
- The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Bo Qin
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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Zhang B, Li YL, Zhao JL, Zhen O, Yu C, Yang BH, Yu XR. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 promotes cancer progression through activating AKT/Cyclin D1 signaling pathway in osteosarcoma. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 105:1-9. [PMID: 29807229 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.03.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Revised: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Osteosarcoma is an aggressive malignant neoplasm, which commonly afflicts patients of 20-30 years of age, and its morbidity has increased markedly in recent years. Certain genes and signal pathways have been identified to exert key roles in osteosarcoma progression. Here, we set out to characterize in more detail of the role of HIF-1/AKT/Cyclin D1 pathway in the progression of osteosarcoma. METHODS Immunohistochemistry, western blot and qPCR were used to test the protein or mRNA levels of HIF-1 in osteosarcoma tissues or adjacent nontumor tissues. MTT, clone formation, wound healing, Transwell, in vivo tumorigenesis, flow cytometry and western blot analysis were used to determine cell proliferation, clone formation ability, migration, invasion, tumorigenesis, and cell apoptosis in MG63 and U2OS cells, respectively. Immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence assays were performed to investigate the protein-protein interaction between HIF-1α and proteins related to signal pathways. RESULTS HIF-1 was overexpressed in osteosarcoma tissues and cell lines, which promoted cell proliferation, clone formation, migration, invasion and inhibited cell apoptosis. Results also demonstrated that HIF-1 combined with AKT, and there might be a positive loop between the two proteins of HIF-1 and AKT, then the protein-protein interaction up-regulated the expression of Cyclin D1 in protein level, but not mRNA level, made Cyclin D1 protein more stable, triggered cell proliferation, clone formation, tumorigenesis, but inhibited cell apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS The present study showed that HIF-1 modulated Cyclin D1 expression might through shaping a positive loop with AKT proteins. Additionally, HIF-1α promoted the tumor cells growth, migration and invasion in osteosarcoma through the activation of the AKT/Cyclin D1 signal cascade. We proposed that HIF-1 could be served as a marker for distinguishing osteosarcoma and an effective therapeutic target for osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China; 3201 Hosptial Affiliated to Xi'an Jiaotong University, Hanzhong, Shaanxi, 723000,China
| | - Ya-Li Li
- 3201 Hosptial Affiliated to Xi'an Jiaotong University, Hanzhong, Shaanxi, 723000,China
| | - Jin-Long Zhao
- 3201 Hosptial Affiliated to Xi'an Jiaotong University, Hanzhong, Shaanxi, 723000,China
| | - Ouyang Zhen
- 3201 Hosptial Affiliated to Xi'an Jiaotong University, Hanzhong, Shaanxi, 723000,China
| | - Chao Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Bin-Hui Yang
- 3201 Hosptial Affiliated to Xi'an Jiaotong University, Hanzhong, Shaanxi, 723000,China
| | - Xiao-Rui Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China; Key laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Disease(Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China.
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Qin WS, Wu J, Chen Y, Cui FC, Zhang FM, Lyu GT, Zhang HM. The Short Isoform of Nuclear Mitotic Apparatus Protein 1 Functions as a Putative Tumor Suppressor. Chin Med J (Engl) 2018; 130:1824-1830. [PMID: 28748856 PMCID: PMC5547835 DOI: 10.4103/0366-6999.211535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Nuclear mitotic apparatus protein 1 (NuMA1) had been reported to produce three groups of isoforms categorized as long, middle, and short groups, of which short NuMA displayed distinct localization patterns compared to long and middle isoforms. However, the function of short NuMA was not clear in the progress of cancer formation. This study aimed to unveil the role of short NuMA in cancer pathogenesis. Methods: The expression levels of short isoforms were explored in paired gastric carcinoma (GC) samples and different cell lines. Furthermore, the short isoform behaved as a putative tumor suppressor based on cell proliferation and cell colony formation assays. Pull-down assay and whole-genome gene expression analysis were carried out to search candidate interaction partners of short NuMA. Results: The expression of short NuMA was highly expressed in S and G2 phases of the cell cycle; compared with nontumor tissues, short NuMA downregulated in nine GCs (GC1 [0.131, P = 5 × 10−4]; GC2 [0.316, P = 3 × 10−5]; GC3 [0.111, P = 6 × 10−4]; GC4 [0.456, P = 0.011]; GC5 [0.474, P = 0.001]; GC6 [0.311, P = 0.004]; GC7 [0.28, P = 3 × 10−5]; GC8 [0.298, P = 0.007]; and GC9 [0.344, P = 0.002]). Besides, high expression of short NuMA significantly inhibits cell growth (2.43 × 105 vs. 2.97 × 105, P = 0.0029) and cell clone information in vitro (70 vs. 2, P = 1.67 × 10−45). Short NuMA could bind with alpha–actinin-4 (ACTN4), a putative tumor promoting gene. Overexpression of short NuMA could tremendously decrease the expression of MYB proto-oncogene like 2 (MYBL2) of about 92-fold, which played an important role in the cell cycles. Conclusions: Short isoform of NuMA might be functioned as a putative role of tumor suppressor. Further studies should be made to illuminate the relationship between ACTN4, MYBL2, and tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang-Sen Qin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, China
| | - Jin Wu
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Yang Chen
- Central Laboratory, Haikou People's Hospital, Haikou, Hainan 570208, China
| | - Fa-Cai Cui
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, China
| | - Fu-Ming Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, China
| | - Guan-Ting Lyu
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Hong-Mei Zhang
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
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Yu DF, Zhu LH, Jiang L. Recombinant Human Erythropoietin Augments Neovascularization Responses in a Neonatal Rat Model of Premature Brain Damage by Phosphatidylinositol 3 Kinase/Akt Pathway. Chin Med J (Engl) 2017; 130:854-858. [PMID: 28345550 PMCID: PMC5381320 DOI: 10.4103/0366-6999.202744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Recombinant human-erythropoietin (rh-EPO) has therapeutic efficacy for premature infants with brain damage during the active rehabilitation and anti-inflammation. In the present study, we found that the rh-EPO was related to the promotion of neovascularization. Our aim was to investigate whether rh-EPO augments neovascularization in the neonatal rat model of premature brain damage through the phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) signaling pathway. Methods: Postnatal day 5 (PD5), rats underwent permanent ligation of the right common carotid artery and were exposed to hypoxia for 2 h. All the rat pups were randomized into five groups as follows: (1) control group; (2) hypoxia-ischemic (HI) group; (3) HI + LY294002 group; (4) HI + rh-EPO group; and (5) HI + rh-EPO + LY294002 group. The phospho-Akt protein was tested 90 min after the whole operation, and CD34, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were also tested 2 days after the whole operation. Results: In the hypoxic and ischemic zone of the premature rat brain, the rh-EPO induced CD34+ cells to immigrate to the HI brain zone (P < 0.05) and also upregulated the VEGFR2 protein expression (P < 0.05) and VEGF mRNA level (P < 0.05) through the PI3K/Akt (P < 0.05) signaling pathway when compared with other groups. Conclusions: The rh-EPO treatment augments neovascularization responses in the neonatal rat model of premature brain damage through the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Besides, the endogenous EPO may exist in the HI zone of rat brain and also has neovascularization function through the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Fan Yu
- Department of Clinical Medcine, Medical School of Southeast University, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Li-Hua Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Li Jiang
- Department of Pediatrics, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
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Fei YL, Lv HJ, Li YB, Liu J, Qian YH, Yang WN, Ma KG, Li HB, Qu QM. Tongxinluo improves cognition by decreasing β-amyloid in spontaneous hypertensive rats. Brain Res 2017; 1663:151-160. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2017.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Revised: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Li B, Li Y, Liu K, Wang X, Qi J, Wang B, Wang Y. High glucose decreases claudins-5 and -11 in cardiac microvascular endothelial cells: Antagonistic effects of tongxinluo. Endocr Res 2017; 42:15-21. [PMID: 27111519 DOI: 10.3109/07435800.2016.1163723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Purpose/aim of the study: Claudins-5, -9, and -11 are tight-junction proteins that are mainly expressed in endothelial cells. Their deficiency may lead to cell barrier dysfunction, which is considered as the initiating process and pathological basis of cardiovascular disease in diabetes. We investigated whether high glucose (HG) affects claudins-5, -9, and -11 in human cardiac microvascular endothelial cells (HCMECs), and examined the effects of the traditional Chinese medication tongxinluo (TXL) on these tight junction proteins. MATERIALS AND METHODS HCMECs were exposed to HG with and without TXL treatment, and then mRNA and protein levels of claudins-5, -9, and -11 were examined. The distribution of claudins-5 and -11 was also investigated. Histone H3K9 acetylation (H3K9ac) in claudin-5 and claudin-11 gene promoters, which functions in transactivation, was measured. RESULTS We found that HG suppressed claudins-5 and -11 gene expression in HCMECs, and TXL reversed the HG-mediated inhibition of claudins-5 and -11 mRNA and protein expressions. Treatment with high-dose of TXL promoted cell membrane localization of claudins-5 and -11 in HG-stimulated HCMECs. Furthermore, high-dose of TXL blocked the inhibition of H3K9ac in claudin-5 and claudin-11 gene promoters caused by exposure to HG, thus activating gene transcription. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that HG suppressed claudins-5 and -11 in HCMECs, and TXL could reverse the HG-induced suppression of claudins-5 and -11 by increasing H3K9ac in their respective gene promoters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Li
- a Department of Biochemistry , Hebei Key Laboratory of Medical Biotechnology , Shijiazhuang , PR China
| | - Yanning Li
- b Department of Molecular Biology , Hebei Key Lab of Laboratory Animal, Hebei Medical University , Shijiazhuang , PR China
| | - Kun Liu
- a Department of Biochemistry , Hebei Key Laboratory of Medical Biotechnology , Shijiazhuang , PR China
| | - Xiujuan Wang
- a Department of Biochemistry , Hebei Key Laboratory of Medical Biotechnology , Shijiazhuang , PR China
| | - Jinsheng Qi
- a Department of Biochemistry , Hebei Key Laboratory of Medical Biotechnology , Shijiazhuang , PR China
| | - Boya Wang
- a Department of Biochemistry , Hebei Key Laboratory of Medical Biotechnology , Shijiazhuang , PR China
| | - Yu Wang
- b Department of Molecular Biology , Hebei Key Lab of Laboratory Animal, Hebei Medical University , Shijiazhuang , PR China
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