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Waqas Khan Q, Iqbal K, Ahmad R, Rizwan A, Nawaz Khan A, Kim D. An intelligent diabetes classification and perception framework based on ensemble and deep learning method. PeerJ Comput Sci 2024; 10:e1914. [PMID: 38660179 PMCID: PMC11041940 DOI: 10.7717/peerj-cs.1914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Sugar in the blood can harm individuals and their vital organs, potentially leading to blindness, renal illness, as well as kidney and heart diseases. Globally, diabetic patients face an average annual mortality rate of 38%. This study employs Chi-square, mutual information, and sequential feature selection (SFS) to choose features for training multiple classifiers. These classifiers include an artificial neural network (ANN), a random forest (RF), a gradient boosting (GB) algorithm, Tab-Net, and a support vector machine (SVM). The goal is to predict the onset of diabetes at an earlier age. The classifier, developed based on the selected features, aims to enable early diagnosis of diabetes. The PIMA and early-risk diabetes datasets serve as test subjects for the developed system. The feature selection technique is then applied to focus on the most important and relevant features for model training. The experiment findings conclude that the ANN exhibited a spectacular performance in terms of accuracy on the PIMA dataset, achieving a remarkable accuracy rate of 99.35%. The second experiment, conducted on the early diabetes risk dataset using selected features, revealed that RF achieved an accuracy of 99.36%. Based on our experimental results, it can be concluded that our suggested method significantly outperformed baseline machine learning algorithms already employed for diabetes prediction on both datasets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qazi Waqas Khan
- Department of Computer Engineering, Jeju National University, South Korea, Jeju-si, Jeju, South Korea
| | - Khalid Iqbal
- Department of Computer Science, COMSATS University Islamabad, Attock Campus, Attock, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Rashid Ahmad
- Department of Computer Science, COMSATS University Islamabad, Attock Campus, Attock, Punjab, Pakistan
- Bigdata Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju-si, Jeju, South Korea
| | - Atif Rizwan
- Department of Computer Engineering, Jeju National University, South Korea, Jeju-si, Jeju, South Korea
| | - Anam Nawaz Khan
- Department of Computer Engineering, Jeju National University, South Korea, Jeju-si, Jeju, South Korea
| | - DoHyeun Kim
- Department of Computer Engineering, Jeju National University, South Korea, Jeju-si, Jeju, South Korea
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Synthesis of Novel N-Methylmorpholine-Substituted Benzimidazolium Salts as Potential α-Glucosidase Inhibitors. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27186012. [PMID: 36144750 PMCID: PMC9501035 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27186012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The α-glucosidase enzyme, located in the brush border of the small intestine, is responsible for overall glycemic control in the body. It hydrolyses the 1,4-linkage in the carbohydrates to form blood-absorbable monosaccharides that ultimately increase the blood glucose level. α-Glucosidase inhibitors (AGIs) can reduce hydrolytic activity and help to control type 2 diabetes. Aiming to achieve this, a novel series of 1-benzyl-3-((2-substitutedphenyl)amino)-2-oxoethyl)-2-(morpholinomethyl)-1H-benzimidazol-3-ium chloride was synthesized and screened for its α-glucosidase inhibitory potential. Compounds 5d, 5f, 5g, 5h and 5k exhibited better α-glucosidase inhibitions compared to the standard drug (acarbose IC50 = 58.8 ± 0.012 µM) with IC50 values of 15 ± 0.030, 19 ± 0.060, 25 ± 0.106, 21 ± 0.07 and 26 ± 0.035 µM, respectively. Furthermore, the molecular docking studies explored the mechanism of enzyme inhibitions by different 1,2,3-trisubstituted benzimidazolium salts via significant ligand–receptor interactions.
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Lohr CE, Sporer KRB, Brigham KA, Pavliscak LA, Mason MM, Borgman A, Ruggiero VJ, Taxis TM, Bartlett PC, Droscha CJ. Phenotypic Selection of Dairy Cattle Infected with Bovine Leukemia Virus Demonstrates Immunogenetic Resilience through NGS-Based Genotyping of BoLA MHC Class II Genes. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11010104. [PMID: 35056052 PMCID: PMC8779071 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11010104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Characterization of the bovine leukocyte antigen (BoLA) DRB3 gene has shown that specific alleles associate with susceptibility or resilience to the progression of bovine leukemia virus (BLV), measured by proviral load (PVL). Through surveillance of multi-farm BLV eradication field trials, we observed differential phenotypes within seropositive cows that persist from months to years. We sought to develop a multiplex next-generation sequencing workflow (NGS-SBT) capable of genotyping 384 samples per run to assess the relationship between BLV phenotype and two BoLA genes. We utilized longitudinal results from milk ELISA screening and subsequent blood collections on seropositive cows for PVL determination using a novel BLV proviral load multiplex qPCR assay to phenotype the cows. Repeated diagnostic observations defined two distinct phenotypes in our study population, ELISA-positive cows that do not harbor detectable levels of provirus and those who do have persistent proviral loads. In total, 565 cows from nine Midwest dairy farms were selected for NGS-SBT, with 558 cows: 168 BLV susceptible (ELISA-positive/PVL-positive) and 390 BLV resilient (ELISA-positive/PVL-negative) successfully genotyped. Three BoLA-DRB3 alleles, including one novel allele, were shown to associate with disease resilience, *009:02, *044:01, and *048:02 were found at rates of 97.5%, 86.5%, and 90.3%, respectively, within the phenotypically resilient population. Alternatively, DRB3*015:01 and *027:03, both known to associate with disease progression, were found at rates of 81.1% and 92.3%, respectively, within the susceptible population. This study helps solidify the immunogenetic relationship between BoLA-DRB3 alleles and BLV infection status of these two phenotypic groupings of US dairy cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaelynne E. Lohr
- CentralStar Cooperative, Lansing, MI 48910, USA; (C.E.L.); (K.R.B.S.); (K.A.B.); (L.A.P.); (M.M.M.)
| | - Kelly R. B. Sporer
- CentralStar Cooperative, Lansing, MI 48910, USA; (C.E.L.); (K.R.B.S.); (K.A.B.); (L.A.P.); (M.M.M.)
| | - Kelsey A. Brigham
- CentralStar Cooperative, Lansing, MI 48910, USA; (C.E.L.); (K.R.B.S.); (K.A.B.); (L.A.P.); (M.M.M.)
| | - Laura A. Pavliscak
- CentralStar Cooperative, Lansing, MI 48910, USA; (C.E.L.); (K.R.B.S.); (K.A.B.); (L.A.P.); (M.M.M.)
| | - Matelyn M. Mason
- CentralStar Cooperative, Lansing, MI 48910, USA; (C.E.L.); (K.R.B.S.); (K.A.B.); (L.A.P.); (M.M.M.)
| | | | - Vickie J. Ruggiero
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; (V.J.R.); (P.C.B.)
| | - Tasia M. Taxis
- Department of Animal Science, College of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA;
| | - Paul C. Bartlett
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; (V.J.R.); (P.C.B.)
| | - Casey J. Droscha
- CentralStar Cooperative, Lansing, MI 48910, USA; (C.E.L.); (K.R.B.S.); (K.A.B.); (L.A.P.); (M.M.M.)
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; (V.J.R.); (P.C.B.)
- Correspondence:
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Khorshidi M, Sayyari A, Olang B, Alaei MR, Shab-Bidar S, Khalili M, Salehi M, Aryaeian N. Study protocol of a randomized controlled clinical trial investigating the effects of omega-3 supplementation on endothelial function, vascular structure, and metabolic parameters in adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Trials 2021; 22:953. [PMID: 34961564 PMCID: PMC8710929 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-021-05930-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Type 1 diabetes is a main health burden with several related comorbidities. It has been shown that endothelial function, vascular structure, and metabolic parameters are considerably disrupted in patients with type 1 diabetes. Omega-3 as an adjuvant therapy may exert profitable effects on type 1 diabetes and its complications by improving inflammation, oxidative stress, immune responses, and metabolic status. Because no randomized clinical trial has examined the effects of omega-3 consumption in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes; the present study aims to close this gap. Methods This investigation is a randomized clinical trial, in which sixty adolescents with type 1 diabetes will be randomly assigned to receive either omega-3 (600 mg/day) or placebo capsules for 12 weeks. Evaluation of anthropometric parameters, flow-mediated dilation (FMD) as an endothelial function marker, carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) as a vascular structure marker, proteinuria, biochemical factors including glycemic and lipid profile, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), as well as blood pressure will be done at the baseline and end of the trial. Also, dietary intake and physical activity will be assessed throughout the study. Statistical analysis will be performed using the SPSS software (Version 24), and P < 0.05 will be considered statistically meaningful. Discussion It is hypothesized that omega-3 supplementation may be beneficial for the management of type 1 diabetes and its complications by reducing inflammation and oxidative stress and also modulating immune responses and glucose and lipid metabolism through various mechanisms. The present study aims to investigate any effect of omega-3 on patients with type 1 diabetes. Ethical aspects This trial received approval from Medical Ethics Committee of Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (IR.IUMS.REC.1400.070). Trial registration Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials IRCT20210419051010N1. Registered on 29 April 2021 Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13063-021-05930-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Khorshidi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Hemmat Broadway, Tehran, 1449614535, Iran
| | - Aliakbar Sayyari
- Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Research Center, Research Institute for Children's Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Beheshteh Olang
- Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Research Center, Research Institute for Children's Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Alaei
- Department of Pediatric, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sakineh Shab-Bidar
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mitra Khalili
- Department of Radiology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Salehi
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Naheed Aryaeian
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Hemmat Broadway, Tehran, 1449614535, Iran.
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Singh S, Puri P, Subramanian SV. Identifying spatial variation in the burden of diabetes among women across 640 districts in India: a cross-sectional study. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2020; 19:523-533. [PMID: 32550205 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-020-00545-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Diabetes is one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity among women in India. The burden of diabetes among women was found to increase with age and exposure to the post-partum period. The present study examines the spatial variation in the prevalence of diabetes among women in the late reproductive age-group of 35-49 years across 640 districts in India. Methods The study utilized data from the recent round of the National Family Health Survey, 2015-16. Age-standardized prevalence rates were calculated, followed by an examination of economic inequality using the poor-rich-ratio (PRR) and Wagstaff's concentration index. Spatial variation in the prevalence of diabetes was explored with a series of quantile maps, univariate, and bivariate LISA cluster maps. Further, to explore the district-level diabetes prevalence among women in the country, Ordinary Least Square and Spatial Autoregressive (SAR) models were used. Results The study findings affirm the presence of spatial clustering in the burden of diabetes among women. The burden is relatively higher among women from the Southern and Eastern parts of the country. Findings establish obesity, hypertension, and living in urban areas as major correlates of diabetes. Conclusion Program with an aim to lower the intensity of community-based prevalence of diabetes, especially among women in their late reproductive ages, should adopt differential approaches across different states/districts in the context of their lifestyle, dietary pattern, working pattern, and other socio-cultural practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shrikant Singh
- Department of Mathematical Demography and Statistics, International Institute for Population Sciences, Govandi Station Road, Mumbai, Maharashtra India
| | - Parul Puri
- Department of Mathematical Demography and Statistics, International Institute for Population Sciences, Govandi Station Road, Mumbai, Maharashtra India
| | - S V Subramanian
- Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Harvard University T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA USA
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Chen XJ, Wu WJ, Zhou Q, Jie JP, Chen X, Wang F, Gong XH. Retracted: Advanced glycation end-products induce oxidative stress through the Sirt1/Nrf2 axis by interacting with the receptor of AGEs under diabetic conditions. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:2159-2170. [PMID: 30324763 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Despite the administration of exogenous insulin and other medications used to control many aspects of diabetes mellitus (DM), increased oxidative stress has been increasingly acknowledged in DM development and complications. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the role of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) in oxidative stress (OS) of thyroid cells in patients with DM. Patients with DM with or without thyroid dysfunction (TD) were enrolled. Thyroid toxic damage was induced by adding AGE-modified bovine serum albumin (AGE-BSA) to normal human thyroid follicular epithelial cells. The cell viability, cell cycle, and cell apoptosis, as well as the content of reactive oxygen species (ROS), catalase (CAT), and malondialdehyde (MDA) in cells were measured. Thyroid hormones, T3, T4, FT3, and FT4 levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), sirtuin1 ( Sirt1), and NF-E2-related factor 2 ( Nrf2) expressions were detected, and the mitochondrial membrane potential was measured. We found increased AGEs in the serum of DM patients with TD. By increasing AGE-BSA concentration, cell viability; the thyroid hormones T3, T4, FT3, and FT4 levels; and mitochondrial membrane potential all significantly decreased. However, the increase in AGE-BSA concentration led to an increase in cell apoptosis, RAGE, and nuclear factor-κB expressions but produced the opposite effect on Sirt1, Nrf2, and heme oxygenase-1 expressions, as well as a decrease in antioxidant response element protein levels. The AGE-BSA increased ROS and MDA levels and reduced CAT level in normal human thyroid follicular epithelial cells on a dose independence basis. Our results demonstrated that AGEs-mediated direct increase of RAGE produced OS in thyroid cells of DM by inactivating the Sirt1/Nrf2 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Jun Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wen-Jun Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Qi Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jin-Ping Jie
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | - Xiong Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Hua Gong
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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Taherian M, Mahin Samadi P, Rastegar H, Faramarzi MA, Rostami-Nejad M, Yazdi MH, Rezaei-Tavirani M, Yazdi Z. An Overview on Probiotics as an Alternative Strategy for Prevention and Treatment of Human Diseases. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH : IJPR 2019; 18:31-50. [PMID: 32802088 PMCID: PMC7393061 DOI: 10.22037/ijpr.2020.112232.13620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Probiotics are viable and useful microorganisms, which are beneficial factors for human and animal health by altering their microbial flora. Most of the probiotics belong to a large group of bacteria in the human gastrointestinal tract. There are several clinical shreds of evidence that show anti-carcinogenic effects of probiotics through altering digestive enzymes, inhibition of carcinogenic agents, and modulating the immune responses in experimental animals. Many studies have been performed to evaluate the potential effectiveness of probiotics in treating or preventing neurological diseases such as MS and novel treatment modality for T1D. The purpose of this study is to have an overview on probiotic microorganisms and to review the previous researches on the effects of probiotics on health through currently available literatures. The study was performed using following keywords; Probiotics, Cancer, Immune system, Multiple Sclerosis (MS) and Diabetes mellitus. PubMed/Medline, Clinicaltrials.gov, Ovid, Google Scholar, and Reaxcys databases used to find the full text of related articles. According to the current available data on probiotics and related health-promoting benefits, it seems that, consumption of probiotics can lead to the prevention and reduction the risk of cancer, diabetes, and multiple sclerosis. Although for the better and more decisive conclusion, there is a need to larger sample size clinical studies with more focus on the safety of these biological agents and their possible beneficial effects on different population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Taherian
- Food and Drug Laboratory Research Center, Iran Food and Drug Organization (FDO), Ministry of Health and Medical Education (MOH), Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Pariya Mahin Samadi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Hossein Rastegar
- Food and Drug Cosmetic Research Center, Iran Food and Drug Organization (FDO), Ministry of Health and Medical Education (MOH), Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Ali Faramarzi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Biotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Rostami-Nejad
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Hossein Yazdi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Recombinant Vaccine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Evidence-based Evaluation of Cost-Effectiveness and Clinical Outcomes, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mostafa Rezaei-Tavirani
- Proteomics Research Center, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Zeinab Yazdi
- Department of Medicine and epidemiology, School of veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, USA.
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Kalra S, Das AK, Raghupathy P, Chowdhury S, Saboo BD, Dinakaran P, Chugh S. Current Indicators of Nutritional Care in Children with Type 1 Diabetes in India: Do we Need a National Nutritional Guideline? Indian J Endocrinol Metab 2017; 21:670-678. [PMID: 28989872 PMCID: PMC5628534 DOI: 10.4103/ijem.ijem_183_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nutrition is an important pillar of management in children with type 1 diabetes. Indian food is heavily influenced by region, religion, traditions, seasons, and cultural choices. This survey was done to assess current practices and the need for India specific nutritional guidelines for children with type 1 diabetes. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two 12-item questionnaires were administered to forty health-care professionals across India. The first questionnaire evaluated current clinical practice indicators for nutrition in these children and second assessed practices for counseling a child on dietary habits. RESULTS There is great heterogeneity across the country with regard to dietary advice offered to children with type 1 diabetes. 97.5% of the respondents feel there is a need for an Indian dietary guideline for children with type 1 diabetes. CONCLUSION There is need of India specific nutritional guidelines that should be made considering key variants such as age, region, cultural preference, economic burden and psychosocial beliefs, to offer guidance to diabetes care professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Kalra
- Consultant Endocrinologist, Bharti Hospital and B.R.I.D.E., Karnal, Haryana, India
| | - Ashok Kumar Das
- Department of Medicine and Endocrinology, Pondicherry Institute of Medical Sciences, Dhanvantri Nagar, Gorimedu, Puducherry, India
| | - P. Raghupathy
- Professor of Paediatric Endocrinology, Indira Gandhi Institute of Child Health and Senior Consultant in Paediatric Endocrinology, Sagar Hospitals, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Subhankar Chowdhury
- Professor and Head, Department of Endocrinology, IPGME&R and SSKM Hospital, Kolkata, Gujarat, India
| | - Banshi D. Saboo
- Diabetologist, Diabetes and Hormones Centre, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - P. Dinakaran
- Senior Public Affair Manager, Novo Nordisk India Pvt Ltd, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Shuchy Chugh
- Diabetes Education Specialist, Novo Nordisk India Pvt Ltd, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Sandhya Rani
- Department of Endocrinology, NMCH, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Kumar S, Singh S, Kenwar DB, Rathi M, Bhadada S, Sharma A, Gupta V, Bhansali A, Lal A, Minz M. Management of Graft Duodenal Leak in Simultaneous Pancreas Kidney Transplant-a Case Report from India and Review of Literature. Indian J Surg 2016; 78:402-406. [PMID: 27994337 DOI: 10.1007/s12262-016-1548-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 08/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic transplantation is currently the only effective cure for Type 1 diabetes mellitus. It allows long-term glycemic control without exogenous insulin and amelioration of secondary diabetic complications. In India, pancreas transplant has not yet established with only a single successful transplant reported so far in the literature. We report a 24-year-old Type 1 diabetic patient with renal failure who underwent a simultaneous pancreas kidney transplant. On postoperative day 15, he had leak from the graft duodenal stump for which a tube duodenostomy and proximal diversion enterostomy was done. He had a high output pancreatic fistula following the procedure which was managed conservatively. The tube duodenostomy was removed at three and half months and enterostomy closure with restoration of bowel continuity was done at 6 months. After a follow up of 7 months, patient is doing well with a serum creatinine of 0.8 mg/dl and normal blood sugars, not requiring any exogenous insulin or oral hypoglycemic drugs. Managing patients with graft duodenal complications after pancreas transplant is challenging. Tube duodenostomy is a safe option in management of duodenal leak, although can lead to a persistent pancreatic fistula. A proximal diversion enterostomy allows early oral feeding and avoids the cost as well as the long term complications associated with parenteral nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Kumar
- Department of Renal Transplant Surgery, Post graduate institute of medical education and research, Chandigarh, 160012 India
| | - Sarbpreet Singh
- Department of Renal Transplant Surgery, Post graduate institute of medical education and research, Chandigarh, 160012 India
| | - Deepesh Benjamin Kenwar
- Department of Renal Transplant Surgery, Post graduate institute of medical education and research, Chandigarh, 160012 India
| | - Manish Rathi
- Department of Nephrology, Post graduate institute of medical education and research, Chandigarh, 160012 India
| | - Sanjay Bhadada
- Department of Endocrinology, Post graduate institute of medical education and research, Chandigarh, 160012 India
| | - Ashish Sharma
- Department of Renal Transplant Surgery, Post graduate institute of medical education and research, Chandigarh, 160012 India
| | - Vikas Gupta
- Department of General Surgery, Post graduate institute of medical education and research, Chandigarh, 160012 India
| | - Anil Bhansali
- Department of Endocrinology, Post graduate institute of medical education and research, Chandigarh, 160012 India
| | - Anupam Lal
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, Post graduate institute of medical education and research, Chandigarh, 160012 India
| | - Mukut Minz
- Department of Renal Transplant Surgery, Post graduate institute of medical education and research, Chandigarh, 160012 India
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Verloo H, Meenakumari M, Abraham EJ, Malarvizhi G. A qualitative study of perceptions of determinants of disease burden among young patients with type 1 diabetes and their parents in South India. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2016; 9:169-76. [PMID: 27274298 PMCID: PMC4876838 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s102435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes is a leading threat to public health in India. A huge prevalence of type 1 diabetes among young patients is documented in literature; India is one of the countries with the highest number of new cases per year (10,900), of which 3-4 million face poverty along with diabetes. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to explore the perceptions of determinants of the disease burden among young patients with type 1 diabetes and their parents. METHODS In June 2014, perceptions were collected from eleven young patients and five available parents using the critical incident technique. RESULTS Disease burdens associated with the management of type 1 diabetes can vary significantly according to the different social and economic determinants facing each household. Determinants associated with good practices in the management of childhood type 1 diabetes included socioeconomic status, unawareness of health complications, and beliefs about nutrition. Coping strategies applied via lifestyle changes included monitoring glycemia and regular checkups by diabetologists. A general lack of awareness about type 1 diabetes in Indian society, stigmatization, and limited access and systematic barriers to the delivery of optimal health care were all perceived to be factors hindering the successful management of chronic type 1 diabetes by young patients and their parents. CONCLUSION Stigmatization, a lack of therapeutic adherence, and the financial strains placed on families, particularly on poor ones, are critical. More emphasis must be put on the prevention of acute and long-term complications and education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henk Verloo
- Department Nursing Sciences, University of Applied Nursing Sciences, La Source, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Correspondence: Henk Verloo, Department Nursing Sciences, University of Applied Nursing Sciences, La Source, 30, Avenue Vinet, CH-1004 Lausanne, Switzerland, Tel +41 21 641 3867, Fax +41 21 641 3810, Email
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Abstract
The discovery of insulin by Banting and Best in 1922 changed the landscape of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Guidelines on T1DM should be evidence based and should emphasize comprehensive risk management. Guidelines would improve awareness amongst governments, state health care providers and the general public about the serious long-term implications of poorly managed diabetes and of the essential resources needed for optimal care. T1DM requires lifelong daily medication, regular control as well as access to facilities to manage acute and chronic complications. American Diabetes Association 2014 guidelines recommends annual nephropathy screening for albumin levels; random spot urine sample for albumin-to-creatinine ratio at start of puberty or age ≥10 years, whichever is earlier, once the child has had diabetes for 5 years. Hypertension should be screened for in T1DM patients by measuring blood pressure at each routine visit. Dyslipidemia in T1DM patients is important and patients should be screened if there is a family history of hypercholesterolemia or a cardiovascular event before the age of 55 years exists or if family history is unknown. Retinopathy is another important complication of diabetes and patients should be subjected to an initial dilated and comprehensive eye examination. Basic diabetes training should be provided for school staff, and they should be assigned with responsibilities for the care of diabetic children. Self-management should be allowed at all school settings for students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Hamid Zargar
- Consultant Endocrinologist, Advanced Centre for Diabetes and Endocrine Care, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
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13
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Management of type 1 diabetes in children and adolescents. Indian J Pediatr 2014; 81:170-7. [PMID: 24113878 DOI: 10.1007/s12098-013-1196-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2013] [Accepted: 07/18/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is estimated to have a prevalence of approximately 1 in 5000 among Indian children. Living with T1D is a challenge for the child and the family because of the significant burden of treatment in terms of regular injections and monitoring of blood sugar, and risk of acute and long term complications that this condition imposes. Optimal glycemic control in T1D requires a meticulous balance of insulin therapy with diet and exercise. With the earlier insulin regimens this required lot of discipline in the eating and activity pattern, which led to significant curtailment of the lifestyle. Now, with availability of better insulins, delivery and monitoring devices, greater flexibility in lifestyle has become possible. The ultimate breakthrough in terms of therapy of T1D shall be easy availability of accurate and affordable closed loop systems, and 'cure' through islet or stem cell transplant. A review of the ambulatory management of T1D in children and adolescents and the upcoming therapeutic advances is being presented in this paper.
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Raha O, Sarkar B, Godi S, GhoshRoy A, Pasumarthy V, Chowdhury S, Vadlamudi RR. Menarcheal age of type 1 diabetic Bengali Indian females. Gynecol Endocrinol 2013; 29:963-6. [PMID: 23952104 DOI: 10.3109/09513590.2013.819080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been observed that menstrual characteristics are generally influenced by lifestyle, socio-cultural and biological factors. AIM The present study examines: (a) variation in menstrual characteristics between Type1 Diabetic females of rural and urban adolescents, i.e. the resident status; and (b) whether these characteristics can be predicted from various socio-economic, stress variables related to place of residence. SUBJECTS AND METHODS The sample of the present study constituted 103T1DM females from West Bengal, a State of India. These girls belong to a Bengali-speaking ethnic group. Data on socio-economic variables and menstrual characteristics were collected using pretested questionnaires. RESULTS Menstrual irregularity was common in our study participants, with age of menarche, but was not associated with current BMI, physical activity or insulin dose. CONCLUSIONS Our study displays that age at menarche is delayed in young women with T1DM compared to the concurrent overall mean age at menarche in the West Bengal population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oindrila Raha
- Anthropological Survey of India, Kolkata-700016 , West Bengal , India
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15
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Davalli AM, Perego C, Folli FB. The potential role of glutamate in the current diabetes epidemic. Acta Diabetol 2012; 49:167-83. [PMID: 22218826 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-011-0364-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2011] [Accepted: 12/19/2011] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
In the present article, we propose the perspective that abnormal glutamate homeostasis might contribute to diabetes pathogenesis. Previous reports and our recent data indicate that chronically high extracellular glutamate levels exert direct and indirect effects that might participate in the progressive loss of β-cells occurring in both T1D and T2D. In addition, abnormal glutamate homeostasis may impact all the three accelerators of the "accelerator hypothesis" and could partially explain the rising frequency of T1D and T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto M Davalli
- Diabetes and Endocrinology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132, Milan, Italy.
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Gil-Del Valle L, de la C Milian L, Toledo A, Avila J, Tápanes R, Llera I, Otero MA, Martínez-Sánchez G. WITHDRAWN: Modification in redox status of diabetes mellitus type 1 patients after insulin transition. Biomed Pharmacother 2010:S0753-3322(10)00186-1. [PMID: 21067888 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2010.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2010] [Accepted: 09/16/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The Publisher regrets that this article is an accidental duplication of an article that has already been published, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bionut.2010.09.005. The duplicate article has therefore been withdrawn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizette Gil-Del Valle
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Institute of Tropical Medicine "Pedro Kourí" (IPK), Autopista Novia del Mediodía, Km 6½, P.O. Box 601, Marianao 13, Ciudad de La Habana, Cuba
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17
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Sanjeevi CB. Type 1 diabetes research: Newer approaches and exciting developments. Int J Diabetes Dev Ctries 2010; 29:49-51. [PMID: 20142867 PMCID: PMC2812749 DOI: 10.4103/0973-3930.53119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2009] [Accepted: 06/18/2009] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- C B Sanjeevi
- Karolinska Institutet, Diabetes and Endocrinology Division, Molecular Immunogenetics Group at Center for Molecular Medicine; Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Hospital, Building L5:01, S-17176 Stockholm, Sweden
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