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Crapnell R, Adarakatti PS, Banks CE. Electroanalytical Overview: The Sensing of Mesalamine (5-Aminosalicylic Acid). ACS MEASUREMENT SCIENCE AU 2024; 4:42-53. [PMID: 38404492 PMCID: PMC10885326 DOI: 10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.3c00061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Mesalamine, known as 5-aminosalicylic acid, is a medication used primarily in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease, including ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. 5-Aminosalicylic acid can be measured using various benchtop laboratory techniques which involve liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy, but these are sophisticated and large, meaning that they cannot be used on-site because transportation of the samples, chemicals, and physical and biological reactions can potentially occur, which can affect the sample's composition and potentially result in inaccurate results. An alternative approach is the use of electrochemical based sensing platforms which has the advantages of portability, cost-efficiency, facile miniaturization, and rapid analysis while nonetheless providing sensitivity and selectivity. We provide an overview of the use of the electroanalytical techniques for the sensing of 5-aminosalicylic acid and compare them to other laboratory-based measurements. The applications, challenges faced, and future opportunities for electroanalytical based sensing platforms are presented in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert
D. Crapnell
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Chester
Street, Manchester M1 5GD, United Kingdom
| | - Prashanth S. Adarakatti
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Chester
Street, Manchester M1 5GD, United Kingdom
| | - Craig E. Banks
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Chester
Street, Manchester M1 5GD, United Kingdom
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2
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Taha SS, Ali DS. Oxidative Coupling Assay for Mesalazine Determination in Pharmaceuticals and Spiked Human Plasma Utilizing Syringic Acid. JOURNAL OF SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 2023:1-9. [DOI: 10.1155/2023/4583013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
This study reports on developing a simple, cost-effective, highly sensitive spectrophotometric method for measuring mesalazine (MSZ). The method utilizes the oxidative coupling of MSZ with syringic acid (4-hydroxy 3,5-dimethoxybenzoic acid) in the presence of dissolved oxygen under alkaline conditions to form a stable indophenol dye with a characteristic blue color, which can be measured at 615 nm. Beer’s law was found to be obeyed over the range of 1.25–50 µg·mL−1, with a molar absorptivity of 0.53 × 104 mol−1·L−1·cm−1. Moreover, the method exhibited excellent sensitivity, with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.093 µg·mL−1 and a limit of quantitation (LOQ) of 0.282 µg·mL−1. The proposed method was found to be selective, as it could effectively detect MSZ in the presence of certain interfering species. The proposed method was validated according to current ICH guidelines and demonstrated good accuracy, with recoveries ranging between 98 and 100% and a relative standard deviation of less than 0.6%. Overall, this method provides a promising tool for the sensitive and accurate determination of MSZ in its pure form, pharmaceutical formulations, and biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzan S. Taha
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Salahaddin University, Kurdistan Region, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Diyar S. Ali
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Salahaddin University, Kurdistan Region, Erbil, Iraq
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Science, Knowledge University, Kurdistan Region, Erbil, Iraq
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3
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Kumar A, Rani P. A Quick Visible Spectrophotometry Approach For The Assessment Of Mesalazine In Pharmaceutical Preparations. Pharm Chem J 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11094-023-02806-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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4
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Abdelwhab NS, Habib NM, Abdelrahman MM, Mahmoud HM, Emam AA. Determination of Sulphasalazine and its Related Compounds by Simple Smart Validated Green Spectrophotometric Methods. J AOAC Int 2021; 105:352-361. [PMID: 34519787 DOI: 10.1093/jaoacint/qsab103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sulphasalazine as a prodrug, its active metabolite (mesalazine) which also is available in pharmaceutical formulations, and the major active metabolite of mesalazine; N-acetyl-5-aminosalicylic aid are commonly used for treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases. OBJECTIVES Two accurate, precise, sensitive and specific spectrophotometric methods were developed and validated for determination of the studied components. METHODS The first method was modified ratio difference spectrophotometric method. In this method, SZ was determined by measuring the peak area from 410-500 nm, while MZ and AS were determined by measuring the difference of the selected amplitudes values. The second one was mean centering of ratio spectra spectrophotometric method. RESULTS The developed method were linear over the concentration range of (2-35), (2-30) and (1-25) µg/mL for sulphasalazine, mesalazine, and N-acetyl-5-aminosalicylic acid, respectively. CONCLUSION The developed methods were validated according to ICH guidelines. They were successfully applied for determination of studied analytes. Greenness assessment was evaluated using three different tools. HIGHLIGHTS Spectrophotometric methods were developed for determination of SZ and its related compounds for the first time. They were designated to be green and ecofriendly ones and their greenness profiles were evaluated using green solvents to keep the environment clean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nada S Abdelwhab
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Alshaheed Shehata Ahmed Hegazy St, Beni-Suef, 62514, Egypt
| | - Neven M Habib
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Alshaheed Shehata Ahmed Hegazy St, Beni-Suef, 62514, Egypt
| | - Maha M Abdelrahman
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Alshaheed Shehata Ahmed Hegazy St, Beni-Suef, 62514, Egypt
| | - Hamada M Mahmoud
- Zoology Department-Faculty of Sciences, Beni-Suef University, Egypt
| | - Aml A Emam
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Alshaheed Shehata Ahmed Hegazy St, Beni-Suef, 62514, Egypt
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Nataraj N, Krishnan SK, Chen TW, Chen SM, Lou BS. Ni-Doped ZrO2 nanoparticles decorated MW-CNT nanocomposite for the highly sensitive electrochemical detection of 5-amino salicylic acid. Analyst 2021; 146:664-673. [DOI: 10.1039/d0an01507e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Ni-ZrO2/MWCNT/GCE for highly sensitive electrochemical detection of 5-ASA in biofluids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nandini Nataraj
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology
- National Taipei University of Technology
- Taipei 106
- Taiwan
| | - Siva Kumar Krishnan
- CONACYT-Instituto de Física
- Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla
- Puebla 72570
- Mexico
| | - Tse-Wei Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology
- National Taipei University of Technology
- Taipei 106
- Taiwan
- Research and Development Center for Smart Textile Technology
| | - Shen-Ming Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology
- National Taipei University of Technology
- Taipei 106
- Taiwan
| | - Bih-Show Lou
- Chemistry Division
- Center for General Education
- Chang Gung University
- Taoyuan 333
- Taiwan
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Tavares Junior AG, de Araújo JTC, Meneguin AB, Chorilli M. Characteristics, Properties and Analytical/Bioanalytical Methods of 5-Aminosalicylic Acid: A Review. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2020; 52:1000-1014. [PMID: 33258695 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2020.1848516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Five-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) is an anti-inflammatory drug indicated in the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. Among the analytical methods of quantification of 5-ASA described in the literature, the High Efficiency Liquid Chromatography stands out, a sensitive technique but with a high cost. In recent years, alternative methods have been developed, presenting efficiency and reduced cost, such as UV/visible spectrophotometric, spectrofluorescent, and electrochemical methods, techniques recommended for the application in quality control and quantification of 5-ASA in pharmaceutical forms and biological fluids. This article aims to review the physicochemical characteristics, pharmacokinetics, mechanisms of action, controlled release systems, and the different analytical and bioanalytical methods for the quantification of 5-ASA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Marlus Chorilli
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
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Jeličić ML, Brusač E, Klarić DA, Nigović B, Turk N, Mornar A. A chromatographic approach to development of 5-aminosalicylate/folic acid fixed-dose combinations for treatment of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Sci Rep 2020; 10:20838. [PMID: 33257796 PMCID: PMC7705649 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77654-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Medication adherence is an important factor in inflammatory bowel disease therapy, which includes regular supplementation of malabsorbed vitamins. Absorption of folic acid is limited due to the damaging of the gastrointestinal tract, which can increase the chances to develop megaloblastic anaemia and colorectal cancer. In this work, 5-aminosalicylates (mesalazine, balsalazide, sulfasalazine and olsalazine) and folic acid were characterized regarding their pharmacokinetic related properties (hydrophobicity, phospholipid and plasma protein binding) using the biomimetic chromatographic approach. Despite the high binding percentage of 5-aminosalicylates for human serum albumin (> 61.44%), results have shown that folic acid binding to human serum albumin protein is far greater (69.40%) compared to α1-acid-glycoprotein (3.45%). Frontal analysis and zonal elution studies were conducted to provide an insight into the binding of folic acid to human serum albumin and potential competition with 5-aminosalicylates. The analytical method for the simultaneous determination of assay in proposed fixed-dose combinations was developed and validated according to ICH Q2 (R1) and FDA method validation guidelines. Separation of all compounds was achieved within 16 min with satisfactory resolution (Rs > 3.67) using the XBridge Phenyl column (150 × 4.6 mm, 3.5 µm). High linearity (r > 0.9997) and precision (RSD < 2.29%) was obtained, whilst all recoveries were within the regulatory defined range by British (100.0 ± 5.0%) and United States Pharmacopeia (100.0 ± 10.0%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario-Livio Jeličić
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, A. Kovačića 1, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Edvin Brusač
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, A. Kovačića 1, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Daniela Amidžić Klarić
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, A. Kovačića 1, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Biljana Nigović
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, A. Kovačića 1, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Nikša Turk
- Clinical Hospital Center Zagreb, Kišpatićeva 12, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ana Mornar
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, A. Kovačića 1, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia.
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Anumolu PD, Gurrala S, Gellaboina A, Mangipudi DG, Menkana S, Chakka R. Spectrophotometric Quantification of Anti-inflammatory Drugs by Application of Chromogenic Reagents. Turk J Pharm Sci 2020; 16:410-415. [PMID: 32454743 DOI: 10.4274/tjps.galenos.2018.07830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Simple, specific, accurate, precise, sensitive, and cost effective spectrophotometric methods were developed and validated for quantification of the drugs lornoxicam (LOR) and mesalamine (MES) in pure form and in pharmaceutical formulations. Materials and Methods A Shimadzu UV-1800 double-beam UV-Visible spectrophotometer having a spectral bandwidth of 0.1 nm with wavelength accuracy ±0.1 nm with a pair of 1 cm path length matched quartz cells was used to measure the absorbance of the resulting solution. Method I was used for the quantification of LOR, based on measurement of the absorbance of bluish green chromogen complex at 760 nm, which is formed by the reaction of LOR with ferric chloride and potassium ferricyanide (redox technique). Method II was used for the quantification of MES, based on measurement of the absorbance of yellow chromogen at 400 nm, which is formed by the condensation reaction of the primary amino group of MES with salicylaldehyde reagent (SA) (Schiff base formation). Results Both methods obeyed Beer's law in the concentration range of 0.5-4.5 μg/mL and 0.2-1.7 μg/mL with good correlation coefficients of 0.9974 and 0.998 for methods I and II, respectively. Conclusion The developed method is simple, sensitive, and specific, which was validated statistically as per ICH guidelines, and can be used in the routine analysis of LOR and MES in pharmaceutical dosage forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panikumar Durga Anumolu
- Osmania University, Gokaraju Rangaraju College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Quality Assurance, Hyderabad, Telangana State, India
| | - Sunitha Gurrala
- Osmania University, Gokaraju Rangaraju College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Quality Assurance, Hyderabad, Telangana State, India
| | - Archana Gellaboina
- Osmania University, Gokaraju Rangaraju College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Quality Assurance, Hyderabad, Telangana State, India
| | - Divya Gayathri Mangipudi
- Osmania University, Gokaraju Rangaraju College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Quality Assurance, Hyderabad, Telangana State, India
| | - Sahitya Menkana
- Osmania University, Gokaraju Rangaraju College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Quality Assurance, Hyderabad, Telangana State, India
| | - Rajesh Chakka
- Osmania University, Gokaraju Rangaraju College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Quality Assurance, Hyderabad, Telangana State, India
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Mistry S, Wenthold PG. Mass spectrometric detection of the Gibbs reaction for phenol analysis. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2018; 53:947-953. [PMID: 29974598 DOI: 10.1002/jms.4261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This paper describes a new method for detecting phenols, by reaction with Gibbs reagent to form indophenols, followed by mass spectrometric detection. Unlike the standard Gibbs reaction, which uses a colorometric approach, the use of mass spectrometry allows for simultaneous detection of differently substituted phenols. The procedure is demonstrated to work for a large variety of phenols without para-substitution. With para-substituted phenols, Gibbs products are still often observed, but the specific product depends on the substituent. For para groups with high electronegativity, such as methoxy or halogens, the reaction proceeds by displacement of the substituent. For groups with lower electronegativity, such as amino or alkyl groups, Gibbs products are observed that retain the substituent, indicating that the reaction occurs at the ortho or meta position. In mixtures of phenols, the relative intensities of the Gibbs products are proportional to the relative concentrations, and concentrations as low as 1 μmol/L can be detected. The method is applied to the qualitative analysis of commercial liquid smoke, and it is found that hickory and mesquite flavors have significantly different phenolic composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabyasachy Mistry
- The Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Paul G Wenthold
- The Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
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Elbashir AA, Altayib Alasha Abdalla F, Aboul-Enein HY. Host-guest inclusion complex of mesalazine and β-cyclodextrin and spectrofluorometric determination of mesalazine. LUMINESCENCE 2014; 30:444-50. [DOI: 10.1002/bio.2758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Accepted: 07/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abdalla A. Elbashir
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science; University of Khartoum; Khartoum 11115 Sudan
| | | | - Hassan Y. Aboul-Enein
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division; National Research Centre; Dokki Cairo 12311 Egypt
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11
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Labroo P, Cui Y. Electrical, enzymatic graphene biosensing of 5-aminosalicylic acid. Analyst 2013; 138:1325-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c3an36660j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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