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Lu Y, Li DH, Xu JM, Zhou S. Role of naringin in the treatment of atherosclerosis. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1451445. [PMID: 39309005 PMCID: PMC11412885 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1451445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is a major pathological basis of coronary heart disease. However, the currently available medications are unable to effectively reduce the incidence of cardiovascular events in the majority of patients with AS. Therefore, naringin has been attracting considerable attention owing to its anti-AS effects. Naringin can inhibit the growth, proliferation, invasion, and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells, ameliorate endothelial cell inflammation and apoptosis, lower blood pressure, halt the cell cycle at the G1 phase, and impede growth via its antioxidant and free radical scavenging effects. These activities suggest the potential anti-AS effects of naringin. In this review article, we comprehensively summarized the latest findings on the anti-AS effects of naringin and their underlying mechanisms, providing a crucial reference for future research on the anti-AS potential of this agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Lu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - De-Hong Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ji-Mei Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Sheng Zhou
- Department of Radiology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, China
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Yaseen HS, Zubair HM, Jamal A, Farrukh M, Mikrani R, Shaukat B, Hill JW, Rana R, Nazir A, Naveed M, Malik S. Naringin: Cardioprotective properties and safety profile in diabetes treatment. Fitoterapia 2024; 176:106011. [PMID: 38740344 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2024.106011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Flavonoids derived from plants offer a broad spectrum of therapeutic potential for addressing metabolic syndrome, particularly diabetes mellitus (DM), a prevalent non-communicable disease. Hyperglycemia in DM is a known risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), which substantially impact global mortality rates. This review examines the potential effects of naringin, a citrus flavonoid, on both DM and its associated cardiovascular complications, including conditions like diabetic cardiomyopathy. The safety profile of naringin is summarized based on various pre-clinical studies. The data for this review was gathered from diverse electronic databases, including Medline, PubMed, ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, Google Scholar, and Emerald Insight. Multiple pre-clinical studies have demonstrated that naringin exerts hypoglycemic and cardioprotective effects by targeting various vascular mechanisms. Specifically, research indicates that naringin down-regulates the renin-angiotensin and oxidative stress systems while concurrently upregulating β-cell and immune system functions. Clinical trial outcomes also support the therapeutic potential of naringin in managing hyperglycemic states and associated cardiovascular issues. Moreover, toxicity studies have confirmed the safety of naringin in animal models, suggesting its potential for safe administration in humans. In conclusion, naringin emerges as a promising natural candidate for both antidiabetic and cardioprotective purposes, offering potential improvements in health outcomes. While naringin presents a new avenue for therapies targeting DM and CVDs, additional controlled and long-term clinical trials are necessary to validate its efficacy and safety for human use.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hafiz Muhammad Zubair
- Post-Graduate Medical College, Faculty of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan.
| | - Adil Jamal
- Sciences and Research, College of Nursing, Umm Al Qura University, Makkah 715, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maryam Farrukh
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Reyaj Mikrani
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Bushra Shaukat
- Sciences and Research, College of Nursing, Umm Al Qura University, Makkah 715, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jennifer W Hill
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, School of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Reemal Rana
- Sciences and Research, College of Nursing, Umm Al Qura University, Makkah 715, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ansa Nazir
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Naveed
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, School of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Samiullah Malik
- Post-Graduate Medical College, Faculty of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
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Chen J, Qin X, Chen M, Chen T, Chen Z, He B. Biological activities, Molecular mechanisms, and Clinical application of Naringin in Metabolic syndrome. Pharmacol Res 2024; 202:107124. [PMID: 38428704 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome has become major health problems in recent decades, and natural compounds receive considerable attention in the management of metabolic syndrome. Among them, naringin is abundant in citrus fruits and tomatoes. Many studies have investigated the therapeutic effects of naringin in metabolic syndrome. This review discusses in vitro and in vivo studies on naringin and implications for clinical trials on metabolic syndrome such as diabetes mellitus, obesity, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, dyslipidemia, and hypertension over the past decades, overviews the molecular mechanisms by which naringin targets metabolic syndrome, and analyzes possible correlations between the different mechanisms. This review provides a theoretical basis for the further application of naringin in the treatment of metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Xiang Qin
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Mengyao Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Tianzhu Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Zheng Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou 310006, China.
| | - Beihui He
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou 310006, China; School of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China.
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Desmiaty Y, Sandhiutami NMD, Mulatsari E, Maziyah FA, Rahmadhani K, Algifari HOZ, Jantuna FA. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity through inhibition of NF-κB and sEH of some citrus peel and phytoconstituent characteristics. Saudi Pharm J 2024; 32:101959. [PMID: 38303924 PMCID: PMC10831157 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2024.101959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
In Indonesia, there are many types of citrus where parts of the fruit, leaves, and peel can be utilized as food, drinks, spices, and medicine. This research aims to determine the phytochemical characteristics, antioxidant activities, and anti-inflammatory activity through inhibition of NF-κB and sEH, and the main phytoconstituents of three types of citrus fruits that are commonly used as herbs in Indonesia. The flesh and peel of Citrus amblycarpa/CAm, C. aurantiifolia/CAu, and C. hystrix/CH were extracted by Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction (UAE) with 70 % ethanol and then concentrated. All extracts were tested for total flavonoid content (TFC), total polyphenolic content (TPC), chemical constituents using LCMS, and DPPH radical scavenging activity. Molecular docking tests of 33 compounds containing CAm, CAu, and CH fruit peels from the literature study against NF-κB (Nuclear Factor Kappa Beta) and sEH (Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase) were also conducted. The TFC in fruit peels was 13.47-17.34 mg QE/g extract, and in flesh was 1.35-2.51 mg QE/g extract. The TPC in fruit peels was 4.28-6.3 mg GAE/g extract, and in flesh was 0.85-2.09 mg GAE/g extract. The IC50 values of antioxidant activity on fruit peel were 74.01-168.54 µg/mL; and flesh 185.62-2669 µg/mL. CAu peels provided the highest antioxidant activity and polyphenol content. The LC-MS/MS test on citrus peels shows the main chemical compounds: naringin (C27H32O14), naringenin (C15H12O5), hesperidin (C28H34O15), and hesperitin (C16H14O6). Molecular docking shows that naringin and neohesperidin predicted inhibit NF-κB, and hesperidin, neohesperidin, narirutin, naringin, apigenin, kaempferol, quercetin, rutin, eriocitrin, sinensetin, and vitamin A predicted can inhibit sEH enzyme. All citrus peel has stronger antioxidant activity and more flavonoids and phenolics than the flesh. Naringin and neohesperidin can inhibit NF-κB and sEH enzymes. The main flavonoid contents of the citrus peels and presumed to have activity are hesperidin and naringin. These flavonoids and their glycosides can be used as marker phytoconstituents in the quality assurance of pharmaceutical products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yesi Desmiaty
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Pancasila University, Jakarta 12640, Indonesia
| | | | - Esti Mulatsari
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Pancasila University, Jakarta 12640, Indonesia
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Ishaq M, Khan MF, Verma G, Rathi A, Adil M, Faizan M, Najmi AK, Akhtar M, Al kamaly O, Alshawwa SZ, Shahat AA, Alhalmi A. Curcumin Nanoemulsion: Unveiling Cardioprotective Effects via ACE Inhibition and Antioxidant Properties in Hypertensive Rats. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:1748. [PMID: 37893466 PMCID: PMC10608169 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59101748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Curcumin, derived from Curcuma longa, is a well-known traditional medicinal compound recognized for its therapeutic attributes. Nevertheless, its efficacy is hampered by limited bioavailability, prompting researchers to explore the application of nanoemulsion as a potential alternative. Materials and Methods: This study delves into the antihypertensive effects of curcumin nanoemulsion (SNEC) by targeting the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) and oxidative stress in deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA) salt-induced hypertensive rats. To gauge the cardio-protective impact of SNEC in DOCA salt-induced hypertension, molecular docking was undertaken, uncovering curcumin's high affinity and adept binding capabilities to the active site of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE). Additionally, the investigation employed uninephrectomized rats to assess hemodynamic parameters via an AD instrument. Serum ACE, angiotensin II, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and creatinine levels were quantified using ELISA kits, while antioxidant parameters were evaluated through chemical assays. Result: The outcomes of the molecular docking analysis revealed robust binding of curcumin to the ACE active site. Furthermore, oral administration of SNEC significantly mitigated systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial blood pressure in contrast to the DOCA-induced hypertensive group. SNEC administration also led to a reduction in left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) and an elevation in the maximum rate of left ventricular pressure rise (LV (dP/dt) max). Moreover, SNEC administration distinctly lowered serum levels of ACE and angiotensin II compared to the hypertensive DOCA group. Renal markers, including serum creatinine and BUN, displayed a shift toward normalized levels with SNEC treatment. Additionally, SNEC showcased potent antioxidant characteristics by elevating reduced glutathione, catalase, and superoxide dismutase levels, while decreasing the concentration of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances. Conclusions: Collectively, these findings underscore that curcumin nanoemulsion exerts noteworthy cardio-protective effects through ACE activity inhibition and remarkable antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Ishaq
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India; (M.I.); (A.R.); (M.A.); (M.F.); (A.K.N.)
| | - Mohemmed Faraz Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow 226026, India;
| | - Garima Verma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdrad, New Delhi 110062, India;
| | - Akshoo Rathi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India; (M.I.); (A.R.); (M.A.); (M.F.); (A.K.N.)
| | - Mohammad Adil
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India; (M.I.); (A.R.); (M.A.); (M.F.); (A.K.N.)
| | - Mohammad Faizan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India; (M.I.); (A.R.); (M.A.); (M.F.); (A.K.N.)
| | - Abul Kalam Najmi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India; (M.I.); (A.R.); (M.A.); (M.F.); (A.K.N.)
| | - Mohd Akhtar
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India; (M.I.); (A.R.); (M.A.); (M.F.); (A.K.N.)
| | - Omkulthom Al kamaly
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia; (O.A.k.); (S.Z.A.)
| | - Samar Zuhair Alshawwa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia; (O.A.k.); (S.Z.A.)
| | - Abdelaaty A. Shahat
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Abdulsalam Alhalmi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India;
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Viswanatha GL, Shylaja H, Keni R, Nandakumar K, Rajesh S. A systematic review and meta‐analysis on the cardio‐protective activity of naringin based on pre‐clinical evidences. Phytother Res 2022; 36:1064-1092. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Raghuvir Keni
- Department of Pharmacology Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education Manipal India
| | - Krishnadas Nandakumar
- Department of Pharmacology Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education Manipal India
| | - Subbanna Rajesh
- Department of Pharmacology Government College of Pharmacy Bangalore India
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Alam M, Ahsan F, Mahmood T, Shamim A, Parveen S, Shariq M, Ansari VA. Meticulous parade on naringin respecting its pharmacological activities and novel formulations. AVICENNA JOURNAL OF PHYTOMEDICINE 2022; 12:457-474. [PMID: 36249455 PMCID: PMC9516400 DOI: 10.22038/ajp.2022.20001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Medicinal plants having antioxidant potential possess numerous constituents which are responsible for different beneficial effects and are used as an alternative resource of medicine to lessen diseases linked with oxidative stress. Flavonoids are identified in the plants since ages and display wide spectrum of biological actions that might be able to stimulate the steps which are disturbed in different diseases. Flavonoids are significant natural compounds with various biologic properties, among which the most common is the anti-oxidant potential. Citrus flavonoids establish an important stream of flavonoids. Naringin, very common flavonoids present in the diet, belongs to the family of flavanone. It is the principal constituent of citrus family that contains flavonoids for example tomatoes, grapefruits and oranges. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this article, we reviewed naringin with respect to sources, chemical property, pharmacokinetics, pharmacological activity, and novel formulations. The literature survey has been done by searching different databases such as Psyc INFO, Science Direct, PubMed, EMBASE, Google, Google Scholar, Medline. RESULTS Naringin is known to behave as an antioxidant and possess anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, anti-atherosclerotic, neuroprotective, anti-psychotic, anti-asthmatic, anti-diabetic, hepatoprotective, anti-tussive, cardioprotective, and anti-obesity activity. Further clinical studies using large sample sizes remain essential to obtain the appropriate dose and form of naringin for averting diseases. Furthermore, the therapeutic approach of these bioflavonoids is significantly inappropriate due to the lack of clinical evidence. Different plants must be explored further to find these bioflavonoids in them. CONCLUSION The results of this exploration provides biological actions of bioflavonoid (naringin), predominantly on pharmacological and novel dosage forms of naringin.
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Ishaq A, Gulzar H, Hassan A, Kamran M, Riaz M, Parveen A, Chattha MS, Walayat N, Fatima S, Afzal S, Fahad S. Ameliorative mechanisms of turmeric-extracted curcumin on arsenic (As)-induced biochemical alterations, oxidative damage, and impaired organ functions in rats. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:66313-66326. [PMID: 34331650 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15695-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) is known for its carcinogenic and hepatorenal toxic effects causing serious health problems in human beings. Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) extracted curcumin (Cur) is a polyphenolic antioxidant which has ability to combat hazardous environmental toxicants. This study (28 days) was carried out to investigate the therapeutic efficacy of different doses of Cur (Cur: 80, 160, 240 mg kg-1) against the oxidative damage in the liver and kidney of male rats caused by sodium arsenate (Na3AsO4) (10 mg L-1). As exposure significantly elevated the values of organ index, markers of hepatic injury (i.e., alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP)) and renal functions (i.e., total bilirubin, urea and creatinine, total cholesterol, total triglycerides, and lipid peroxidation malondialdehyde (MDA)). Moreover, different antioxidant markers such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione reductase (GR) activities in the liver and kidney tissues were reduced after As-induced toxicity. However, Na3AsO4 induced histopathological changes in various organs were minimized after the treatment with Cur. The alleviation effect of Cur was dosage dependent with an order of 240>160>80 mg kg-1. The oral administration of Cur prominently alleviated the As-induced toxicity in liver and kidney tissues by reducing lipid peroxidation, ALT, AST, ALP, total bilirubin, urea, creatinine, total cholesterol, total triglycerides, and low-density lipoproteins (LDL). In addition, Cur being an antioxidant improved defense system by enhancing activities of SOD, CAT, GPx, and GR. Overall, the findings explain the capability of Cur to counteract the oxidative alterations as well as hepatorenal injuries due to As intoxication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anam Ishaq
- National Institute of Food Science & Technology, Faculty of Food, Nutrition & Home Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 3800, Pakistan
| | - Huma Gulzar
- College of Life Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Ali Hassan
- National Institute of Food Science & Technology, Faculty of Food, Nutrition & Home Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 3800, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Kamran
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China.
| | - Muhammad Riaz
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Aasma Parveen
- Faculty of Agriculture & Environmental Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Sohaib Chattha
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Noman Walayat
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Sana Fatima
- Faculty of Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 3800, Pakistan
| | - Sobia Afzal
- Faculty of Agriculture & Environmental Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Shah Fahad
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresource, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Agronomy, The University of Haripur, Haripur, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 22620, Pakistan.
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Cao Y, Xie L, Liu K, Liang Y, Dai X, Wang X, Lu J, Zhang X, Li X. The antihypertensive potential of flavonoids from Chinese Herbal Medicine: A review. Pharmacol Res 2021; 174:105919. [PMID: 34601080 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
With the coming of the era of the aging population, hypertension has become a global health burden to be dealt with. Although there are multiple drugs and procedures to control the symptoms of hypertension, the management of it is still a long-term process, and the side effects of conventional drugs pose a burden on patients. Flavonoids, common compounds found in fruits and vegetables as secondary metabolites, are active components in Chinese Herbal Medicine. The flavonoids are proved to have cardiovascular benefits based on a plethora of animal experiments over the last decade. Thus, the flavonoids or flavonoid-rich plant extracts endowed with anti-hypertension activities and probable mechanisms were reviewed. It has been found that flavonoids may affect blood pressure in various ways. Moreover, despite the substantial evidence of the potential for flavonoids in the control of hypertension, it is not sufficient to support the clinical application of flavonoids as an adjuvant or core drug. So the synergistic effects of flavonoids with other drugs, pharmacokinetic studies, clinical trials and the safety of flavonoids are also incorporated in the discussion. It is believed that more breakthrough studies are needed. Overall, this review may shed some new light on the explicit recognition of the mechanisms of anti-hypertension actions of flavonoids, pointing out the limitations of relevant research at the current stage and the aspects that should be strengthened in future researches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, PR China
| | - Long Xie
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, PR China
| | - Kai Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, PR China
| | - Youdan Liang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, PR China
| | - Xiaolin Dai
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, PR China
| | - Xian Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, PR China
| | - Jing Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, PR China
| | - Xumin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, PR China
| | - Xiaofang Li
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, PR China.
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Elsawy H, Alzahrani AM, Alfwuaires M, Abdel-Moneim AM, Khalil M. Nephroprotective effect of naringin in methotrexate induced renal toxicity in male rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 143:112180. [PMID: 34536756 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The current work aims to study the nephroprotective potential of naringin (NG), a flavanone derived from citrus fruits, in methotrexate (MTX)-induced renal toxicity. Thirty male rats were divided into five groups; control group (IP saline), MTX group (IP single dose, 20 mg/kg), and three groups co-treated with MTX and naringin (IP daily dose; 20, 40, and 80 mg/kg, respectively). Kidney tissues were used to investigate renal function, oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, and caspase-3 activity. Biochemical cytokine analysis was performed in addition to ultrastructural examinations of kidney tissue. When compared to the MTX-treated rats, MTX+NG significantly reduced the levels of urea, creatinine, MDA, NO, TNFα, IL-6, and caspase-3 activity. A significant increase in the levels of the antioxidant enzymes and GSH were also noted. Additionally, naringin ameliorated the apparent ultrastructural changes observed in the glomeruli and renal tubules of MTX-intoxicated rats. Noticeable structural improvements of glomerular lesions, proximal, and distal convoluted tubular epithelium were observed in MTX+NG treated animals, including podocytes with regular foot processes, perfectly organized filtration barrier, no signs of GBM thickening, organized brush border, and normal architecture of microvilli. Naringin (80 mg/kg) had the maximum amelioration effect. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate the ultrastructural manifestations of naringin and/or MTX on the kidney of rats. Taken all, naringin has a potent therapeutic effect and can be used in adjuvant therapy to prevent MTX-induced nephrotoxicity. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanism underlying the nephroprotective capacity of naringin needs further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hany Elsawy
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 400, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.
| | - Abdullah M Alzahrani
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 400, 31982 Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Manal Alfwuaires
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 400, 31982 Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ashraf M Abdel-Moneim
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 400, 31982 Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia; Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Mahmoud Khalil
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt; Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Beirut Arab University, Lebanon.
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11
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Zhou G, Cui J, Xie S, Wan H, Luo Y, Guo G. Vitexin, a fenugreek glycoside, ameliorated obesity-induced diabetic nephropathy via modulation of NF-κB/IkBα and AMPK/ACC pathways in mice. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2021; 85:1183-1193. [PMID: 33704405 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbab012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is one of the most critical risk factors for diabetes mellitus and plays a significant role in diabetic nephropathy (DN). The present investigation aimed to evaluate the possible mechanism of action of vitexin on obesity-induced DN in a high-fat diet (HFD)-fed experimental C57BL/6 mice model. Obesity was induced in male C57BL/6 mice by chronic administration of HFD, and mice were concomitantly treated with vitexin (15, 30, and 60 mg/kg, p.o.). HFD-induced increased renal oxido-nitrosative stress and proinflammatory cytokine levels were significantly inhibited by vitexin. The Western blot analysis suggested that alteration in renal NF-κB, IκBα, nephrin, AMPK, and ACC phosphorylation levels was effectively restored by vitexin treatment. Histological aberration induced in renal tissue after chronic administration of HFD was also reduced by vitexin. In conclusion, vitexin suppressed the progression of obesity-induced DN via modulation of NF-κB/IkBα and AMPK/ACC pathways in an experimental model of HFD-induced DN in C57BL/6J mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangju Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiale Cui
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Suhua Xie
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Haiyan Wan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Yan Luo
- Department of Rehabilitation, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Gang Guo
- Department of Talent Highland, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, China
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Zhao C, Yin X, Zhao C. The Renoprotective Effects of Naringenin (NGN) in Gestational Pregnancy. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2020; 13:53-63. [PMID: 32021351 PMCID: PMC6955625 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s231851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as glucose intolerance that is first diagnosed during pregnancy, a condition risking the health of both the mother and the baby. Naringenin (NGN) has been demonstrated to have multiple therapeutic functions, while it is also considered to exhibit antidiabetic properties. The present study aimed to investigate the protective effects of NGN in pregnant diabetic rats. METHODS GDM was induced by feeding the rats with a high-fat diet for 5 weeks, followed by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (35 mg/kg). The fasting blood glucose were determined with a glucometer and the 24-h urine protein (24-UPro) were determined by the sulfonyl salicylic acid method. The pathological morphological changes and apoptosis of glomeruli cells of kidney tissue using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and TUNEL analysis. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits were used to detect the serum T-AOC, the activity of SOD, the levels of GSH-Px, CAT and MDA, TNF-α, IL-6, TGF-β, ICAM-1.The expression of related genes were measured by RT-qPCR and Western blot analyses. RESULTS In the NGN-treated group, it was observed that the general status of the rats was improved, while the levels of blood glucose and 24-UPro were significantly decreased. In addition, the histopathological changes in renal tissues and renal cell apoptosis were significantly improved upon treatment with NGN. The expression levels of oxidative stress and inflammation-associated factors also differed signifigcantly between the model and NGN-treated groups. Upon treatment with NGN, the levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α were significantly increased, while the activity of enzymes involved in the oxidative metabolism of fatty acids was significantly decreased. CONCLUSION These preliminary experimental findings demonstrate that NGN has a certain renoprotective effect on GDM, which provides a novel therapeutic option for this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunrong Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics, Linyi Central Hospital of Shandong Province, Linyi, Shandong276400, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiufeng Yin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yixing People’s Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu214200, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Xiufeng Yin Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yixing People’s Hospital, No. 75 Tongzhen Guan Road, Yicheng, Yixing, Jiangsu214200, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86-510-8733 0741 Email
| | - Chunping Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics, Linyi Central Hospital of Shandong Province, Linyi, Shandong276400, People’s Republic of China
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Naringin inhibits thyroid cancer cell proliferation and induces cell apoptosis through repressing PI3K/AKT pathway. Pathol Res Pract 2019; 215:152707. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2019.152707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Kandhare AD, Liu Z, Mukherjee AA, Bodhankar SL. Therapeutic Potential of Morin in Ovalbumin-induced Allergic Asthma Via Modulation of SUMF2/IL-13 and BLT2/NF-kB Signaling Pathway. Curr Mol Pharmacol 2019; 12:122-138. [PMID: 30605067 DOI: 10.2174/1874467212666190102105052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allergic asthma is a chronic immune-inflammatory disorder, characterized by airway inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR). Morin is a natural flavonoid reported to exhibit inhibitory action against IgE-mediated allergic response. AIM To determine the efficacy of murine model of ovalbumin (OVA)-induced AHR inhibition by morin and decipher the molecular mechanism involved. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sprague-Dawley rats were sensitized and challenged with OVA to induce AHR. Rats received treatment with morin (10, 30 and 100 mg/kg, p.o.) for the next 28 days. RESULTS Morin (30 and 100 mg/kg) significantly and dose-dependently attenuated (p < 0.01 and p < 0.001) OVA-induced alterations in pulse oxy and lung function test, increased bronchoalveolar lavage fluid cell counts, elevated total protein and albumin levels in serum, BALF, and lungs, increased serum total and OVA-specific IgE levels and, elevated oxidative stress levels in the lung. RT-PCR analysis revealed that morin treatment (30 and 100 mg/kg) significantly (p < 0.001) up-regulated SUMF2 mRNA expression in lungs whereas mRNA expressions of BLT2, NF-κB, and Th2-cytokine (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, and IL-13) were down-regulated significantly and dose-dependently (p < 0.01 and p < 0.001). Also, histologic and ultrastructural studies showed that morin significantly inhibited (p < 0.001) OVAinduced perivascular and peribranchial inflammatory infiltration and interstitial fibrosis. CONCLUSION Morin exhibited inhibitory effect against OVA-induced allergic asthma by activation of SUMF2 which impeded IL-13 expression and in turn attenuated Th2-cytokines, BLT2, NF-κB, and IgE levels to ameliorate AHR. Thus, our findings suggested that morin could be considered as a potential alternative therapeutic agent for the management of allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit D Kandhare
- Department of Pharmacology, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Erandwane, Paud Road, Pune-411 038, India
| | - Zihao Liu
- Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Anwesha A Mukherjee
- Department of Pharmacology, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Erandwane, Paud Road, Pune-411 038, India
| | - Subhash L Bodhankar
- Department of Pharmacology, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Erandwane, Paud Road, Pune-411 038, India
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Sun LJ, Qiao W, Xiao YJ, Cui L, Wang X, Ren WD. Naringin mitigates myocardial strain and the inflammatory response in sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction through regulation of PI3K/AKT/NF-κB pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 75:105782. [PMID: 31376623 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.105782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction (SIMD) is a manifestation of severe sepsis and is the main cause of increased mortality in sepsis patients. Naringin (Nar) has been reported to possess various biological activities and pharmacological properties. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to evaluate whether Nar can protect rats from the effects of LPS-induced SIMD. SD Rats were pre-treated with Nar (50 and 100 mg/kg) for 7 days before administration of a single dose of LPS (10 mg/kg, i.p.) on the seventh day. We found that Nar treatment markedly improved the global strain and strain rate of longitudinal, circumference, and radial direction (GLS/GLSr, GCS/GCSr, GRS/GRSr) compared to the LPS group. The layer-specific strain decreased gradually from the endocardial layer to epicardial layer, and the most serious damage occurred in the endocardial layer. Moreover, Nar significantly decreased the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) and myocardial enzymes (CK, LDH, and AST) induced by LPS and attenuated the inflammation response. Finally, Nar also inhibited NF-κB nuclear translocation and the activity of iNOS in H9c2 cardiomyocytes by activating PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. These results suggest that naringin may possess novel therapeutic potential for protection against LPS-induced myocardial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Juan Sun
- Department of Ultrasound, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, PR China; Department of Ultrasound, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066000, PR China
| | - Wei Qiao
- Department of Ultrasound, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, PR China
| | - Yang-Jie Xiao
- Department of Ultrasound, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, PR China
| | - Li Cui
- Department of Ultrasound, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, PR China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, PR China
| | - Wei-Dong Ren
- Department of Ultrasound, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, PR China.
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Wang L, Wang Y, Lei Z. Chrysin ameliorates ANTU-induced pulmonary edema and pulmonary arterial hypertension via modulation of VEGF and eNOs. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2019; 33:e22332. [PMID: 30974023 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Alpha-naphthylthiourea (ANTU), a rodenticide induces lung toxicity. Chrysin a flavonoid possesses antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antihypertensive potential. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of chrysin against ANTU-induced pulmonary edema (PE) and pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) in laboratory rats. Sprague-Dawley rats were used to induce PE (ANTU, 10 mg/kg, ip) and PAH (ANTU, 5 mg/kg, ip, 4 weeks). Animals were treated with chrysin (10, 20, and 40 mg/kg) and various biochemical, molecular, and histological parameters were evaluated. Acute administration of ANTU induces PE revealed by significant (P < 0.05) increase in relative lung weight, pleural effusion volume, lung edema, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid cell counts, total protein, 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and γ-glutamyl transferase (GGT), whereas pretreatment with chrysin (20 and 40 mg/kg, ip) significantly (P < 0.05) attenuated these ANTU-induced biochemical and histological alterations. Repeated administration of ANTU caused induction of PAH evaluated by significant (P < 0.05) alterations in electrocardiographic, hemodynamic changes, and left ventricular function, whereas chrysin (20 and 40 mg/kg, p.o.) treatment significantly (P < 0.05) attenuated these alterations. ANTU-induced hematological and serum biochemical (aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, LDH, and creatinine kinase MB) alterations were significantly (P < 0.05) inhibited by chrysin. It also significantly (P < 0.05) decreased elevated levels of oxido-nitrosative stress in the right ventricle (RV) and lung. Chrysin significantly (P < 0.05) attenuated downregulated endothelial nitric oxide synthase and upregulated vascular endothelial growth factor messenger RNA and protein expressions both in the RV and pulmonary artery. Chrysin inhibited ANTU-induced PE and PAH via modulation of inflammatory responses (5-HT, LDH, and GGT), oxido-nitrosative stress, and VEGF and eNOs levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Ye Wang
- Department of Paediatrics, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Zhang Lei
- Department of Neurology, the Second Clinical Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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Faustino MV, Faustino MAF, Pinto DCGA. Halophytic Grasses, a New Source of Nutraceuticals? A Review on Their Secondary Metabolites and Biological Activities. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E1067. [PMID: 30823674 PMCID: PMC6429475 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20051067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The Poaceae family, known as grasses, is distributed worldwide and is considered the most important group of monocotyledonous crops. Salt stress is multifactorial, therefore to survive, halophytes evolved a variety of adaptations, which include the biosynthesis of different primary and secondary metabolites. This trait enhances the accumulation of important families of compounds crucial to the prevention of a variety of chronic diseases. Besides, if proven edible, these species could cope with the increased soil salinity responsible for the decline of arable land due to their high nutritional/nutraceutical value. Herein, the phytochemical investigations performed in halophytes from the Poaceae family as well as their biological properties were explored. Among the 65 genera and 148 species of known halophytic grasses, only 14% of the taxa were studied phytochemically and 10% were subjected to biological evaluation. Notably, in the studied species, a variety of compound families, as well as bioactivities, were demonstrated, highlighting the potential of halophytic grasses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria V Faustino
- QOPNA & LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Maria A F Faustino
- QOPNA & LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Diana C G A Pinto
- QOPNA & LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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Amini N, Sarkaki A, Dianat M, Mard SA, Ahangarpour A, Badavi M. The renoprotective effects of naringin and trimetazidine on renal ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats through inhibition of apoptosis and downregulation of micoRNA-10a. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 112:108568. [PMID: 30780111 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 01/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion (IR) injury occurs due to circulatory shock and renal transplantation, leading to mortality and morbidity worldwide. The primary purpose of the current study was to evaluate the renoprotective effects of the naringin (NAR) and trimetazidine (TMZ) on IR injury, renal hemodynamics, antioxidant capacity, microRNA-10a, and expression of apoptosis factors. Forty rats were divided into five groups randomly: Sham, IR injury, (TMZ, 5 mg/kg), (NAR pretreatment, 100 mg/kg), and TMZ plus NAR. The sham group underwent the identical surgical procedure as the other groups, except for the application of clamps. After anesthesia, IR injury was induced by 45 min of ischemia, followed by reperfusion for 4 h. Tissue and blood samples were collected for evaluation of renal function, antioxidant activity and, biochemical and molecular parameters. Administration of the NAR, TMZ, and their combination decreased the plasma level of microRNA-10a, caspase-3, and Bcl-2 associated x protein (Bax) mRNA expression, but increased the B- cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) mRNA expression in the kidney tissue. In addition, antioxidant activity, renal blood flow, creatinine clearance (CCr), and fractional excretion of sodium (FENa) were improved. The NAR, TMZ, and their combination can prevent renal I/R injury through promotion of the level of antioxidant enzymes, as well as decrease of microRNA-10a and anti-apoptosis properties. Our data also suggest that NAR, TMZ, or their combination might be beneficial as potent therapeutic factors against renal IR injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negin Amini
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Alireza Sarkaki
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; The Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mahin Dianat
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; The Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Seyyed Ali Mard
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Akram Ahangarpour
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Badavi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; The Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
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Preventive Effect of Naringin on Metabolic Syndrome and Its Mechanism of Action: A Systematic Review. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 2019:9752826. [PMID: 30854019 PMCID: PMC6377991 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9752826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Background Metabolic syndrome (MetS), which consists of cluster of conditions, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, and visceral obesity, is affecting population worldwide. Studies have shown that plant derived flavonoids have the ability to alleviate MetS. Naringin is a type of glycoside flavonoid found in most plant and it plays a critical role in the treatment of MetS due to its antioxidant activity and ability to regulate cytokines. Methods A systematic review was done to study the effects of naringin on the metabolic diseases using electronic databases which include Ovid and Scopus using specific descriptors published from the year 2010 till present to provide updated literature on this field. The articles were assessed and chosen based on the criteria in which the mechanisms and effects of naringin on different metabolic diseases were reported. Results Thirty-four articles were identified which referred to the studies that correspond to the previously stated criteria. Subsequently after screening for the articles that were published after the year 2010, finally, 19 articles were selected and assessed accordingly. Based on the assessment, naringin could alleviate MetS by reducing visceral obesity, blood glucose, blood pressure, and lipid profile and regulating cytokines. Conclusions Naringin is an antioxidant that appears to be efficacious in alleviating MetS by preventing oxidative damage and proinflammatory cytokine release. However, the dosage used in animal studies might not be achieved in human trials. Thus, adequate investigation needs to be conducted to confirm naringin's effects on humans.
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Neuroprotective effect of naringin, a flavone glycoside in quinolinic acid-induced neurotoxicity: Possible role of PPAR-γ, Bax/Bcl-2, and caspase-3. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 121:95-108. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2018] [Revised: 08/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Zaidun NH, Thent ZC, Latiff AA. Combating oxidative stress disorders with citrus flavonoid: Naringenin. Life Sci 2018; 208:111-122. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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22
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Ghosal K, Ghosh D, Das SK. Preparation and evaluation of naringin-loaded polycaprolactone microspheres based oral suspension using Box-Behnken design. J Mol Liq 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2018.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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23
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Bunbupha S, Wunpathe C, Maneesai P, Berkban T, Kukongviriyapan U, Kukongviriyapan V, Prachaney P, Pakdeechote P. Carthamus tinctorius L. extract improves hemodynamic and vascular alterations in a rat model of renovascular hypertension through Ang II-AT 1 R-NADPH oxidase pathway. Ann Anat 2018; 216:82-89. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2017.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2017] [Revised: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
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Mukherjee AA, Kandhare AD, Bodhankar SL. Elucidation of protective efficacy of Pentahydroxy flavone isolated from Madhuca indica against arsenite-induced cardiomyopathy: Role of Nrf-2, PPAR-γ, c-fos and c-jun. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2017; 56:172-185. [PMID: 28942082 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2017.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Revised: 07/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Madhuca indica J. F. Gmel. (Sapotaceae) is widely used ethnobotanically as anti-diabetic, antipyretic, hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory and analgesic. It was shown to possess potent anti-apoptotic property. THE AIM OF THE STUDY To evaluate the possible mechanism of action of isolated phytoconstituent from Madhuca indica Leaves methanolic extract (MI-ALC) on arsenic-induced cardiotoxicity in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS The 3,5,7,3',4'-Pentahydroxy flavone (QTN) was isolated and characterized by using HPTLC, 1H NMR, and LC-MS from MI-ALC. QTN (5, 10 and 20mg/kg, p.o.) was administered in arsenic intoxicated rats (5mL/kg, p.o.) for 28days and evaluated for various behavioral, biochemical, molecular and ultra-histological changes. RESULTS Treatment with QTN (10 and 20mg/kg, p.o.) significantly inhibited (p<0.05) arsenic-induced electrocardiographic, hemodynamic and left ventricular function alterations. Elevated levels of cardiac markers (LDH, CK-MB, AST, ALT, and ALP), altered lipid metabolism (total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL, HDL, and VLDL) was significantly restored (p<0.05) by QTN. It also significantly inhibited (p<0.05) altered cardiac oxido-nitrosative stress, Na-K-ATPase level and mitochondrial enzymes (I-IV) activity after arsenite administration. QTN significantly increased (p<0.05) myocardial Nrf-2, PPAR-γ and significantly decreased (p<0.05) myocardial c-fos and c-jun mRNA expressions. Flow cytometric analysis showed that treatment with QTN (10 and 20mg/kg) significantly inhibited (p<0.05) arsenite-induce ROS and apoptosis. It also reduced ultra-histological aberrations induced by sodium arsenite. CONCLUSION Administration of 3,5,7,3',4'- Pentahydroxy flavone (i.e. Quercetin (QTN)) isolated from MI-ALC showed significant protection against arsenic-induced oxido-nitrosative stress and myocardial injury via modulation of Nrf2, PPAR-γ, and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anwesha A Mukherjee
- Department of Pharmacology, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Erandwane, Pune, Maharashtra 411038, India
| | - Amit D Kandhare
- Department of Pharmacology, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Erandwane, Pune, Maharashtra 411038, India
| | - Subhash L Bodhankar
- Department of Pharmacology, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Erandwane, Pune, Maharashtra 411038, India.
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Rodríguez V, Rivoira M, Guizzardi S, Tolosa de Talamoni N. Naringin prevents the inhibition of intestinal Ca 2+ absorption induced by a fructose rich diet. Arch Biochem Biophys 2017; 636:1-10. [PMID: 29122589 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2017.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Revised: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This study tries to elucidate the mechanisms by which fructose rich diets (FRD) inhibit the rat intestinal Ca2+ absorption, and determine if any or all underlying alterations are prevented by naringin (NAR). Male rats were divided into: 1) controls, 2) treated with FRD, 3) treated with FRD and NAR. The intestinal Ca2+ absorption and proteins of the transcellular and paracellular Ca2+ pathways were measured. Oxidative/nitrosative stress and inflammation parameters were evaluated. FRD rats showed inhibition of the intestinal Ca2+ absorption and decrease in the protein expression of molecules of both Ca2+ pathways, which were blocked by NAR. FRD rats showed an increase in the superoxide anion, a decrease in the glutathione and in the enzymatic activities of the antioxidant system, as well as an increase in the NO content and in the nitrotyrosine content of proteins. They also exhibited an increase in both IL-6 and nuclear NF-κB. All these changes were prevented by NAR. In conclusion, FRD inhibit both pathways of the intestinal Ca2+ absorption due to the oxidative/nitrosative stress and inflammation. Since NAR prevents the oxidative/nitrosative stress and inflammation, it might be a drug to avoid alteration in the intestinal Ca2+ absorption caused by FRD.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Rodríguez
- Laboratorio "Dr. Cañas", Cátedra de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, INICSA (CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - M Rivoira
- Laboratorio "Dr. Cañas", Cátedra de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, INICSA (CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - S Guizzardi
- Laboratorio "Dr. Cañas", Cátedra de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, INICSA (CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - N Tolosa de Talamoni
- Laboratorio "Dr. Cañas", Cátedra de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, INICSA (CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba), Córdoba, Argentina.
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Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potential of Guaianolide isolated from Cyathocline purpurea: Role of COX-2 inhibition. Int Immunopharmacol 2017; 52:110-118. [PMID: 28888779 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2017.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2017] [Revised: 08/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation activated by oxidative stress can cause various diseases, such as asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, cancer, diabetes, etc. Plant constituents with sesquiterpene lactones possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. AIM To determine the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential of isolated phytoconstituent from Cyathocline purpurea Buch-Ham ex D (CP). Don in laboratory animals. Furthermore, to understand the interactions involved in the binding of this compound to cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) via computational docking. METHODS Phytoconstituent was isolated, purified and well characterized (using IR, NMR, and MS) from ethyl acetate fraction of CP methanolic extract. It was then evaluated for its in-vitro antioxidant activity against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and hydroxyl (OH) radical assays as well as in-vivo anti-inflammatory potential against carrageenan-induced paw edema model in rats. The molecular docking study was performed against the crystal structure of COX-2 to evaluate the binding potential of phytoconstituent towards this enzyme. RESULTS The isolated compound 6α-hydroxy-4 [14], 10 [15]-guainadien-8α, 12-olide (HGN) showed significant (p<0.001) antioxidant activity with IC50 values of 76μg/mL. Administration of HGN (10 and 20mg/kg) significantly (p<0.001) reduced the increased paw volume after subplantar administration of carrageenan. It also exhibits good binding affinity towards with COX-2 with a docking score of -8.98 and Glide binding energy of -36.488kcal/mol shedding light on the potential mechanism of anti-inflammatory action. CONCLUSIONS The presence of hydroxyl group in HGN provides a credential to its in-vivo anti-inflammatory and in-vitro antioxidant activities. Furthermore, the good binding affinity of HGN for the active site of COX-2 may open novel vistas in therapeutic option with natural antioxidants like Cyathocline purpurea to treat various inflammatory disorders.
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Kandhare AD, Mukherjee AA, Bodhankar SL. Neuroprotective effect of Azadirachta indica standardized extract in partial sciatic nerve injury in rats: Evidence from anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-apoptotic studies. EXCLI JOURNAL 2017; 16:546-565. [PMID: 28694757 PMCID: PMC5491907 DOI: 10.17179/excli2017-161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Chronic neuropathic pain is a common and widely recognized pain syndrome for patients and difficult to manage for physicians. Azadirachta indica (AI) possesses analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. To evaluate the neuroprotective effect of AI standardized extract in an animal model of peripheral neuropathy induced by partial sciatic nerve ligation (PSNL). PSNL was induced in male Wistar rats (180-200 g) with tight ligation of the nerve. Rats received treatment with either vehicle i.e. distilled water (PSNL control), Pyridoxine (100 mg/kg, p.o.) or AI (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg, p.o.) for 28 days. Various behavioral parameters, biochemical, molecular and histological parameters were evaluated. PSNL resulted in a significant decrease (p < 0.05) in allodynia, hyperalgesia, motor coordination and motor nerve conduction velocity (MNCV) whereas chronic treatment with AI (200 and 400 mg/kg) significantly attenuated (p < 0.05) these behavioral changes. Enhanced activity of oxidative-nitrosative stress, inflammatory mediators (TNF-α, IL-1β, and NF-κB) as well as mRNA expression of Bax, Caspase-3, and iNOs were significantly attenuated (p < 0.05) by AI treatment. It also significantly increased (p < 0.05) peripheral blood oxygen content and Bcl-2 mRNA expression. The flow cytometric analysis revealed that AI (200 and 400 mg/kg) treatment significantly attenuated neural apoptosis and reactive oxygen species levels. PSNL induced histological aberrations were also decreased by AI treatment. Azadirachta indica exerts its neuroprotection against PSNL induced neuropathic pain via inhibition of oxidative-nitrosative stress, the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and apoptosis to improve MNCV (graphical abstract, Figure 1(Fig. 1)).
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit D Kandhare
- Department of Pharmacology, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Erandwane, Paud Road, Pune-411 038, India
| | - Anwesha A Mukherjee
- Department of Pharmacology, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Erandwane, Paud Road, Pune-411 038, India
| | - Subhash L Bodhankar
- Department of Pharmacology, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Erandwane, Paud Road, Pune-411 038, India
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