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Yu Y, Shen X, Hong Y, Wang F. Characteristic brain functional activation and connectivity during actual and imaginary right-handed grasp. Brain Res 2024; 1844:149141. [PMID: 39122137 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
We used 34-channel functional near infrared spectroscopy to investigate and compare changes in oxyhemoglobin concentration of brain networks in bilateral prefrontal cortex, sensorimotor cortex, and occipital lobe of 22 right-handed healthy adults during executive right-handed grasp (motor execution task) and imagined right-handed grasp (motor imagery task). Then calculated lateral index and functional contribution degree, and measured functional connectivity strength between the regions of interest. In the motor executive block task, there was a significant increase in oxyhemoglobin concentration in regions of interest except for right occipital lobe (P<0.05), while in the motor imagery task, all left regions of interest's oxyhemoglobin concentration increased significantly (P<0.05). Except the prefrontal cortex in motor executive task, the left side of the brain was dominant. Left sensorimotor cortex played a major role in these two tasks, followed by right sensorimotor cortex. Among all functional contribution degree, left sensorimotor cortex, right sensorimotor cortex and left occipital lobe ranked top three during these tasks. In continuous acquisition tasks, functional connectivity on during motor imagery task was stronger than that during motor executive task. Brain functions during two tasks of right-hand grasping movement were partially consistent. However, the excitability of brain during motor imagery was lower, and it was more dependent on the participation of left prefrontal cortex, and its synchronous activity of the whole brain was stronger. The trend of functional contribution degree was basically consistent with oxyhemoglobin concentration and lateral index, and can be used as a novel index to evaluate brain function. [ChiCTR2200063792 (2022-09-16)].
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yu
- School of Rehabilitation, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100068, China; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China; Department of Spine Surgery, Beijing Bo'ai Hospital, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing 10068, China
| | - Xianshan Shen
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Yongfeng Hong
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China.
| | - Fangyong Wang
- School of Rehabilitation, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100068, China; Department of Spine Surgery, Beijing Bo'ai Hospital, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing 10068, China.
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Guo D, Hu J, Wang D, Wang C, Yue S, Xu F, Zhang Y. Variation in brain connectivity during motor imagery and motor execution in stroke patients based on electroencephalography. Front Neurosci 2024; 18:1330280. [PMID: 38370433 PMCID: PMC10869475 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1330280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective The objective of this study was to analyze the changes in connectivity between motor imagery (MI) and motor execution (ME) in the premotor area (PMA) and primary motor cortex (MA) of the brain, aiming to explore suitable forms of treatment and potential therapeutic targets. Methods Twenty-three inpatients with stroke were selected, and 21 right-handed healthy individuals were recruited. EEG signal during hand MI and ME (synergy and isolated movements) was recorded. Correlations between functional brain areas during MI and ME were compared. Results PMA and MA were significantly and positively correlated during hand MI in all participants. The power spectral density (PSD) values of PMA EEG signals were greater than those of MA during MI and ME in both groups. The functional connectivity correlation was higher in the stroke group than in healthy people during MI, especially during left-handed MI. During ME, functional connectivity correlation in the brain was more enhanced during synergy movements than during isolated movements. The regions with abnormal functional connectivity were in the 18th lead of the left PMA area. Conclusion Left-handed MI may be crucial in MI therapy, and the 18th lead may serve as a target for non-invasive neuromodulation to promote further recovery of limb function in patients with stroke. This may provide support for the EEG theory of neuromodulation therapy for hemiplegic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongju Guo
- Rehabilitation Center, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jinglu Hu
- Rehabilitation Center, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Dezheng Wang
- Rehabilitation Center, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Chongfeng Wang
- International School for Optoelectronic Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Shouwei Yue
- Rehabilitation Center, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Fangzhou Xu
- International School for Optoelectronic Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Rehabilitation Center, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Rehabilitation and Physical Therapy Department, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Ma J, Yang B, Qiu W, Zhang J, Yan L, Wang W. Recognizable Rehabilitation Movements of Multiple Unilateral Upper Limb: an fMRI Study of Motor Execution and Motor Imagery. J Neurosci Methods 2023; 392:109861. [PMID: 37075914 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2023.109861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This paper presents a study investigating the recognizability of multiple unilateral upper limb movements in stroke rehabilitation. METHODS A functional magnetic experiment is employed to study motor execution (ME) and motor imagery (MI) of four movements for the unilateral upper limb: hand-grasping, hand-handling, arm-reaching, and wrist-twisting. The functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) images of ME and MI tasks are statistically analyzed to delineate the region of interest (ROI). Then parameter estimation associated with ROIs for each ME and MI task are evaluated, where differences in ROIs for different movements are compared using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). RESULTS All movements of ME and MI tasks activate motor areas of the brain, and there are significant differences (p<0.05) in ROIs evoked by different movements. The activation area is larger when executing the hand-grasping task instead of the others. CONCLUSION The four movements we propose can be adopted as MI tasks, especially for stroke rehabilitation, since they are highly recognizable and capable of activating more brain areas during MI and ME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ma
- School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, School of Medicine, Research Center of Brain Computer Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200441, China
| | - Banghua Yang
- School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, School of Medicine, Research Center of Brain Computer Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200441, China; Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Intelligent Rehabilitation, Ministry of Education, 201203, Shanghai, China.
| | - Wenzheng Qiu
- School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, School of Medicine, Research Center of Brain Computer Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200441, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Shanghai Universal Medical Imaging Diagnostic Center, Shanghai University, 200441, Shanghai China
| | - Linfeng Yan
- Department of Radiology & Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Lab of Shaanxi Province, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 710038, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wen Wang
- Department of Radiology & Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Lab of Shaanxi Province, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 710038, Shaanxi, China.
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Gallois Y, Neveu F, Gabas M, Cormary X, Gaillard P, Verin E, Speyer R, Woisard V. Can Swallowing Cerebral Neurophysiology Be Evaluated during Ecological Food Intake Conditions? A Systematic Literature Review. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11185480. [PMID: 36143127 PMCID: PMC9505443 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11185480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Swallowing is a complex function that relies on both brainstem and cerebral control. Cerebral neurofunctional evaluations are mostly based on functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and positron emission tomography (PET), performed with the individual laying down; which is a non-ecological/non-natural position for swallowing. According to the PRISMA guidelines, a review of the non-invasive non-radiating neurofunctional tools, other than fMRI and PET, was conducted to explore the cerebral activity in swallowing during natural food intake, in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. Using Embase and PubMed, we included human studies focusing on neurofunctional imaging during an ecologic swallowing task. From 5948 unique records, we retained 43 original articles, reporting on three different techniques: electroencephalography (EEG), magnetoencephalography (MEG) and functional near infra-red spectroscopy (fNIRS). During swallowing, all three techniques showed activity of the pericentral cortex. Variations were associated with the modality of the swallowing process (volitional or non-volitional) and the substance used (mostly water and saliva). All techniques have been used in both healthy and pathological conditions to explore the precise time course, localization or network structure of the swallowing cerebral activity, sometimes even more precisely than fMRI. EEG and MEG are the most advanced and mastered techniques but fNIRS is the most ready-to-use and the most therapeutically promising. Ongoing development of these techniques will support and improve our future understanding of the cerebral control of swallowing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohan Gallois
- Laboratory LNPL—UR4156, University of Toulouse-Jean Jaurès, 31058 Toulouse, France
- ENT, Otoneurology and Pediatric ENT Department, Pierre Paul Riquet Hospital, University Hospital of Toulouse, 31059 Toulouse, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-561772039
| | - Fabrice Neveu
- Independent Researcher, Swallis Medical, 31770 Colomiers, France
| | - Muriel Gabas
- Laboratory CERTOP—UMR CNRS 5044, Maison de la Recherche, University of Toulouse-Jean Jaurès, 31058 Toulouse, France
| | | | - Pascal Gaillard
- Laboratory CLLE CNRS UMR5263, University of Toulouse-Jean Jaurès, 31058 Toulouse, France
| | - Eric Verin
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Rouen University Hospital, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Renée Speyer
- Department Special Needs Education, University of Oslo, 0318 Oslo, Norway
- Curtin School of Allied Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Leiden University Medical Centre, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Virginie Woisard
- Laboratory LNPL—UR4156, University of Toulouse-Jean Jaurès, 31058 Toulouse, France
- Voice and Deglutition Unit, Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Larrey Hospital, University Hospital of Toulouse, 31059 Toulouse, France
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Shen Y, Wang W, Wang Y, Yang L, Yuan C, Yang Y, Wu F, Wang J, Deng Y, Wang X, Liu H. Not Only in Sensorimotor Network: Local and Distant Cerebral Inherent Activity of Chronic Ankle Instability—A Resting-State fMRI Study. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:835538. [PMID: 35197822 PMCID: PMC8859266 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.835538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundIncreasing evidence has proved that chronic ankle instability (CAI) is highly related to the central nervous system (CNS). However, it is still unclear about the inherent cerebral activity among the CAI patients.PurposeTo investigate the differences of intrinsic functional cerebral activity between the CAI patients and healthy controls (HCs) and further explore its correlation with clinical measurement in CAI patients.Materials and MethodsA total of 25 CAI patients and 39 HCs were enrolled in this study. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) was used to detect spontaneous cerebral activity. The metrics of amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF), fractional ALFF (fALFF), and regional homogeneity (ReHo) of the two groups were compared by two-sample t-test. The brain regions that demonstrated altered functional metrics were selected as the regions of interest (ROIs). The functional connectivity (FC) was analyzed based on the ROIs. The Spearman correlation was calculated between rs-fMRI metrics and clinical scale scores.ResultsCompared with HCs, CAI patients showed higher ALFF and ReHo values in the right postcentral gyrus, the right precentral gyrus, and the right middle frontal gyrus, while lower fALFF values in the orbital-frontal cortex (OFC, p < 0.01 after correction). Increasing FC between the right precentral gyrus and the right postcentral gyrus while decreasing FC between the right precentral gyrus and the anterior cingulum cortex (ACC), the right middle frontal gyrus and the left middle temporal gyrus, and the OFC and left inferior parietal lobule (IPL) was observed. In addition, in the CAI group, the ReHo value negatively correlated with the Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool score in the right middle frontal gyrus (r = −0.52, p = 0.007).ConclusionThe CAI patients exhibited enhanced and more coherent regional inherent neuronal activity within the sensorimotor network while lower regional inherent activity in pain/emotion modulation related region. In addition, the information exchanges were stronger within the sensorimotor network while weaker between distant interhemispheric regions. Besides, the increased inherent activity in the right middle frontal gyrus was related to clinical severity. These findings may provide insights into the pathophysiological alteration in CNS among CAI patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyuan Shen
- Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiwei Wang
- Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yin Wang
- Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Radiology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liqin Yang
- Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Functional and Molecular Medical Imaging, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengjie Yuan
- Department of Orthopedic, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei Wu
- Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junlong Wang
- Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Deng
- Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of Orthopedic, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Xu Wang,
| | - Hanqiu Liu
- Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Hanqiu Liu,
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Hua J, Williams GJ, Barnett AL, Zhang J, Jin H, Xu M, Chen J, Zhou Y, Gu G, Du W. Association of the Onset of Self-Feeding With Subsequent Suspected Developmental Coordination Disorder: A Prospective Cohort Study in China. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:818771. [PMID: 35599757 PMCID: PMC9120420 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.818771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Successful self-feeding reflects the readiness of early motor development and environmental impacts, and the onset of self-feeding as a developmental milestone might be a predictor of subsequent motor development in children. In this study, we explored the association between the onset of self-feeding and childhood risk of Developmental Coordination Disorder in children from one-child and two-child families. METHODS We conducted a data-linkage prospective cohort study from 38 kindergartens in 6 cities in China. A total of 11,727 preschoolers aged 3-6 years old were included in the final analysis and were assessed with the Movement Assessment Battery for Children-second edition (MABC-2) Test. The information on early self-feeding onset was obtained from parents. The mixed and multi-level logistic models utilizing a random intercept were used to investigate the associations between the onset time of self-feeding and subsequent motor performance. RESULTS The results showed that, compared with those beginning self-feeding at or younger than 12 months of age, children starting self-feeding at 13-24, 25-36, and later than 36 months, showed a decrease in their total MABC-2 scores of 2.181, 3.026, and 3.874, respectively; and had an increased risk of suspected DCD by 36.0, 101.6, 102.6%, respectively; they also had 30.2, 46.6, 71.2% increased prevalence of at risk of suspected DCD, when adjusting for both child and family characteristics (each p < 0.05). Significant associations were observed in fine motor, gross motor, and balance subtests (each p < 0.05) in groups with a delayed onset of self-feeding. However, the strength of the associations was mitigated in the fine motor and balance subtests in children with a sibling. CONCLUSION The delayed onset time of self-feeding acts as an early behavioral marker for later childhood motor impairment. Moreover, children with a sibling may benefit from additional interaction and their motor developmental pattern may be affected by the presence of a sibling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Hua
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gareth J Williams
- School of Social Sciences, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Anna L Barnett
- Centre for Psychological Research, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Jiajia Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua Jin
- Health Care Department of Suzhou Ninth People's Hospital, Suzhou, China
| | - Manyun Xu
- KLATASDS-MOE, School of Statistics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Juan Chen
- KLATASDS-MOE, School of Statistics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingchun Zhou
- KLATASDS-MOE, School of Statistics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guixiong Gu
- Pediatrics Research Institution of Suzhou University, Suzhou, China
| | - Wenchong Du
- NTU Psychology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
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Zhou L, Zhu Q, Wu B, Qin B, Hu H, Qian Z. A comparison of directed functional connectivity among fist-related brain activities during movement imagery, movement execution, and movement observation. Brain Res 2021; 1777:147769. [PMID: 34971597 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2021.147769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Brain-computer interface (BCI) has been widely used in sports training and rehabilitation training. It is primarily based on action simulation, including movement imagery (MI) and movement observation (MO). However, the development of BCI technology is limited due to the challenge of getting an in-depth understanding of brain networks involved in MI, MO, and movement execution (ME). To better understand the brain activity changes and the communications across various brain regions under MO, ME, and MI, this study conducted the fist experiment under MO, ME, and MI. We recorded 64-channel electroencephalography (EEG) from 39 healthy subjects (25 males, 14 females, all right-handed) during fist tasks, obtained intensities and locations of sources using EEG source imaging (ESI), computed source activation modes, and finally investigated the brain networks using spectral Granger causality (GC). The brain regions involved in the three motor conditions are similar, but the degree of participation of each brain region and the network connections among the brain regions are different. MO, ME, and MI did not recruit shared brain connectivity networks. In addition, both source activation modes and brain network connectivity had lateralization advantages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiaoqiao Zhu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China
| | - Biao Wu
- Electronic Information Department, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China
| | - Bing Qin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China
| | - Haixu Hu
- Sports Training Academy, Nanjing Sport Institute, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhiyu Qian
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China.
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Single-Trial Kernel-Based Functional Connectivity for Enhanced Feature Extraction in Motor-Related Tasks. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21082750. [PMID: 33924672 PMCID: PMC8069819 DOI: 10.3390/s21082750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Motor learning is associated with functional brain plasticity, involving specific functional connectivity changes in the neural networks. However, the degree of learning new motor skills varies among individuals, which is mainly due to the between-subject variability in brain structure and function captured by electroencephalographic (EEG) recordings. Here, we propose a kernel-based functional connectivity measure to deal with inter/intra-subject variability in motor-related tasks. To this end, from spatio-temporal-frequency patterns, we extract the functional connectivity between EEG channels through their Gaussian kernel cross-spectral distribution. Further, we optimize the spectral combination weights within a sparse-based ℓ2-norm feature selection framework matching the motor-related labels that perform the dimensionality reduction of the extracted connectivity features. From the validation results in three databases with motor imagery and motor execution tasks, we conclude that the single-trial Gaussian functional connectivity measure provides very competitive classifier performance values, being less affected by feature extraction parameters, like the sliding time window, and avoiding the use of prior linear spatial filtering. We also provide interpretability for the clustered functional connectivity patterns and hypothesize that the proposed kernel-based metric is promising for evaluating motor skills.
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Li H, Fan K, Ma J, Wang B, Qiao X, Yan Y, Du W, Wang L. Massage Therapy's Effectiveness on the Decoding EEG Rhythms of Left/Right Motor Imagery and Motion Execution in Patients With Skeletal Muscle Pain. IEEE JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL ENGINEERING IN HEALTH AND MEDICINE-JTEHM 2021; 9:2100320. [PMID: 33738147 PMCID: PMC7965939 DOI: 10.1109/jtehm.2021.3056911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Most of effectiveness assessments of the widely-used Massage therapy were based on subjective routine clinical assessment tools, such as Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score. However, few studies demonstrated the impact of massage on the Electroencephalograph (EEG) rhythm decoding of Motor imagery (MI) and motion execution (ME) with trunk left/right bending in patients with skeletal muscle pain. Method: We used the sample entropy (SampEn), permutation entropy (PermuEn), common spatial pattern (CSP) features, support vector machine (SVM) and logic regression (LR) classifiers. We also used the convolutional neural network (CNN) and attention-based bi-directional long short-term memory (BiLSTM) for classification. Results: The averaged SampEn and PermuEn values of alpha rhythm decreased in almost fourteen channels for five statuses (quiet, MI with left/right bending, ME with left/right bending). It indicated that massage alleviates the pain for the patients of skeletal pain. Furthermore, compared with the SVM and LR classifiers, the BiLSTM method achieved a better area under curve (AUC) of 0.89 for the classification of MI with trunk left/right bending before massage. The AUC became smaller after massage than that before massage for the classification of MI with trunk left/right bending using CNN and BiLSTM methods. The Permutation direct indicator (PDI) score showed the significant difference for patients in different statuses (before vs after massage, and MI vs ME). Conclusions: Massage not only affects the quiet status, but also affects the MI and ME. Clinical Impact: Massage therapy may affect a bit on the accuracy of MI with trunk left/right bending and it change the topography of MI and ME with trunk left/right bending for the patients with skeletal muscle pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Li
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen518055China
| | - Kai Fan
- North China Institute of Aerospace EngineeringLangfang065000China
| | - Junsong Ma
- School of Electronic Engineering and AutomationGuilin University of Electronic TechnologyGuilin541004China
| | - Bo Wang
- Electronic and Communication Engineering DepartmentWuhan University of TechnologyWuhan430070China
| | - Xiaohao Qiao
- Electronic and Communication Engineering DepartmentWuhan University of TechnologyWuhan430070China
| | - Yan Yan
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen518055China
| | - Wenjing Du
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen518055China
| | - Lei Wang
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen518055China
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