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Khan H, Naseer N, Mirtaheri P. A feasibility study investigating cortical hemodynamic changes during infinity walk with fNIRS. IBRO Neurosci Rep 2024; 16:309-316. [PMID: 38390233 PMCID: PMC10882108 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibneur.2024.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
This study seeks to explore the correlation between cortical activation and the Infinity Walk pattern, examining how the influence of foot overpronation and footwear may impact motor control. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), a portable and user-friendly neuroimaging technique, was used to measure hemodynamical changes in six individuals with non-critical pronation degrees. Participants perform the Infinity Walk under various footwear conditions while wearing an fNIRS portable imaging device. Results indicate a consistent hemodynamic pattern in both hemispheres during the Infinity Walk, with no significant differences observed across subjects and footwear conditions in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), pre-motor area, the supplementary motor cortex (PMA & SMC), the primary motor cortex (PMC), and Wernicke's area (WA). The impact of pronation and footwear on motor control remains inconclusive due to inconsistent hemodynamic patterns. Notably, the activation patterns in Broca's area (BA) and the temporal gyrus (TG) differ significantly from other brain regions. The balanced hemodynamic responses in the bilateral hemispheres may be attributed to the Infinity Walk's inherent walking pattern. These findings indicate a need for further investigation into the Infinity Walk to examine the similarities and distinctions in activation patterns within specific brain regions. Additionally, the impact of pronation necessitates more substantial experimental research to establish a correlation between pronation and cortical hemodynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haroon Khan
- Department of Mechanical, Electronics, and Chemical Engineering, Oslo Metropolitan University, Pilestredet 46, 0167 Oslo, Norway
| | - Noman Naseer
- Department of Mechatronics and Biomedical Engineering, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Peyman Mirtaheri
- Department of Mechanical, Electronics, and Chemical Engineering, Oslo Metropolitan University, Pilestredet 46, 0167 Oslo, Norway
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2
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Provost S, Fourdain S, Vannasing P, Tremblay J, Roger K, Caron-Desrochers L, Hüsser A, Paquette N, Doussau A, Poirier N, Simard MN, Gallagher A. Language brain responses and neurodevelopmental outcome in preschoolers with congenital heart disease: A fNIRS study. Neuropsychologia 2024; 196:108843. [PMID: 38423173 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2024.108843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Neurodevelopmental disabilities affect up to 50% of survivors of congenital heart disease (CHD). Language difficulties are frequently identified during preschool period and can lead to academic, social, behavioral, and emotional difficulties. Structural brain alterations are associated with poorer neurodevelopmental outcomes in patients with CHD during infancy, childhood, and adolescence. However, evidence is lacking about the functional brain activity in children with CHD and its relationship with neurodevelopment. This study therefore aimed to characterize brain responses during a passive story-listening task in 3-year-old children with CHD, and to investigate the relationship between functional brain patterns of language processing and neurodevelopmental outcomes. To do so, we assessed hemodynamic concentration changes, using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), and neurodevelopmental outcomes, using the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence - 4th Edition (WPPSI-IV), in children with CHD (n = 19) and healthy controls (n = 23). Compared to their healthy peers, children with CHD had significantly lower scores on the Verbal comprehension index (VCI), the Vocabulary acquisition index (VAI), the General ability index (GAI), and the Information and the Picture Naming subtests of the WPPSI-IV. During the passive story-listening task, healthy controls showed significant hemodynamic brain responses in the temporal and the temporal posterior regions, with stronger activation in the temporal posterior than in the temporal regions. In contrast, children with CHD showed reduced activation in the temporal posterior regions compared to controls, with no difference of activation between regions. Reduced brain responses in the temporal posterior regions were also correlated with lower neurodevelopmental outcomes in both groups. This is the first study that reveals reduced brain functional responses in preschoolers with CHD during a receptive language task. It also suggests that the temporal posterior activation could be a potential brain marker of cognitive development. These findings provide support for the feasibility of identifying brain correlates of neurodevelopmental vulnerabilities in children with CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Provost
- Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada; Research Center, Sainte-Justine University Hospital Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Solène Fourdain
- Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada; Research Center, Sainte-Justine University Hospital Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Phetsamone Vannasing
- Research Center, Sainte-Justine University Hospital Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Julie Tremblay
- Research Center, Sainte-Justine University Hospital Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Kassandra Roger
- Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada; Research Center, Sainte-Justine University Hospital Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Laura Caron-Desrochers
- Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada; Research Center, Sainte-Justine University Hospital Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Alejandra Hüsser
- Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada; Research Center, Sainte-Justine University Hospital Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Natacha Paquette
- Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada; Research Center, Sainte-Justine University Hospital Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Amélie Doussau
- Clinique d'Investigation Neurocardiaque (CINC), Sainte-Justine University Hospital Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Nancy Poirier
- Research Center, Sainte-Justine University Hospital Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada; Clinique d'Investigation Neurocardiaque (CINC), Sainte-Justine University Hospital Center, Montréal, QC, Canada; Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiac Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Marie-Noëlle Simard
- Research Center, Sainte-Justine University Hospital Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada; School of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Anne Gallagher
- Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada; Research Center, Sainte-Justine University Hospital Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada.
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Yan H, Zhang Y, Feng Y, Li Y, Zhang Y, Lee Y, Chen M, Shi Z, Liang Y, Hei Y, Duan X. Assessing mental demand in consecutive interpreting: Insights from an fNIRS study. Acta Psychol (Amst) 2024; 243:104132. [PMID: 38232507 DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2024.104132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Consecutive interpreting involves a demanding language task where mental workload (MWL) is crucial for assessing interpreters' performance. An elevated cognitive load in interpreters may lead to the interpretation failures. The widely used NASA-TLX questionnaire effectively measures MWL. However, a global score was employed in previous interpretation studies, overlooking the distinct contributions of MWL components to the interpreters' performance. Accordingly, we recruited twenty novice interpreters who were postgraduate students specializing in interpreting to complete the consecutive interpreting task. Throughout the process, we used functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to monitor the hemodynamic response in participants' brains. The NASA-TLX was used to measure the MWL during interpreting with six components, including mental demand, physical demand, temporal demand, performance, effort, and frustration. Five interpretation experts were invited to assess the interpretation quality. The Bayes factor approach was employed to explore the components that contributes the most to the interpretation quality. It indicated that mental demand strongly contributed to the interpretation quality. Moreover, the mediation analysis revealed a positive correlation between mental demand and brain activation in three brain areas, which, in turn, was negatively correlated with interpretation quality, indicating the predictive role of mental demand in interpretation quality through the mediating of brain activation. The functions of the mediating brain areas, including the inferior frontal gyrus, middle temporal gyrus, and inferior temporal gyrus, aligned with the three efforts proposed by Gile's effort model, which emphasizes the significance of three fundamental efforts in achieving successful interpreting. These findings have implications for interpreter learning and training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yan
- Key Laboratory for Artificial Intelligence and Cognitive Neuroscience of Language, Xi'an International Studies University, Xi'an 710128, China; Department of Linguistics, Xidian University, Xi'an 710126, China.
| | - Yi Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Artificial Intelligence and Cognitive Neuroscience of Language, Xi'an International Studies University, Xi'an 710128, China.
| | - Yanqin Feng
- Department of Linguistics, Xidian University, Xi'an 710126, China.
| | - Yang Li
- Key Laboratory for Artificial Intelligence and Cognitive Neuroscience of Language, Xi'an International Studies University, Xi'an 710128, China.
| | - Yueting Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Artificial Intelligence and Cognitive Neuroscience of Language, Xi'an International Studies University, Xi'an 710128, China.
| | - Yujun Lee
- Key Laboratory for Artificial Intelligence and Cognitive Neuroscience of Language, Xi'an International Studies University, Xi'an 710128, China; Department of English, North Sichuan Medical University, Nanchong 637000, China.
| | - Maoqing Chen
- Department of Nursing, North Sichuan Medical University, Nanchong 637000, China.
| | - Zijuan Shi
- Department of Nursing, North Sichuan Medical University, Nanchong 637000, China.
| | - Yuan Liang
- Key Laboratory for Artificial Intelligence and Cognitive Neuroscience of Language, Xi'an International Studies University, Xi'an 710128, China.
| | - Yuqin Hei
- School of English Studies, Xi'an International Studies University, Xi'an 710128, China.
| | - Xu Duan
- Key Laboratory for Artificial Intelligence and Cognitive Neuroscience of Language, Xi'an International Studies University, Xi'an 710128, China.
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Zhang X, Noah JA, Singh R, McPartland JC, Hirsch J. Support vector machine prediction of individual Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) scores based on neural responses during live eye-to-eye contact. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3232. [PMID: 38332184 PMCID: PMC10853508 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53942-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Social difficulties during interactions with others are central to autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Understanding the links between these social difficulties and their underlying neural processes is a primary aim focused on improved diagnosis and treatment. In keeping with this goal, we have developed a multivariate classification method based on neural data acquired by functional near infrared spectroscopy, fNIRS, during live eye-to-eye contact with adults who were either typically developed (TD) or individuals with ASD. The ASD diagnosis was based on the gold-standard Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) which also provides an index of symptom severity. Using a nested cross-validation method, a support vector machine (SVM) was trained to discriminate between ASD and TD groups based on the neural responses during eye-to-eye contact. ADOS scores were not applied in the classification training. To test the hypothesis that SVM identifies neural activity patterns related to one of the neural mechanisms underlying the behavioral symptoms of ASD, we determined the correlation coefficient between the SVM scores and the individual ADOS scores. Consistent with the hypothesis, the correlation between observed and predicted ADOS scores was 0.72 (p < 0.002). Findings suggest that multivariate classification methods combined with the live interaction paradigm of eye-to-eye contact provide a promising approach to link neural processes and social difficulties in individuals with ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Zhang
- Brain Function Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, 300 George St., Suite 902, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - J Adam Noah
- Brain Function Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, 300 George St., Suite 902, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Rahul Singh
- Brain Function Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, 300 George St., Suite 902, New Haven, CT, USA
- Wu Tsai Institute, Yale University New Haven, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - James C McPartland
- Yale Child Study Center, Nieson Irving Harris Building, 230 South Frontage Road, Floor G, Suite 100A, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA
- Center for Brain and Mind Health, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Joy Hirsch
- Brain Function Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, 300 George St., Suite 902, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Wu Tsai Institute, Yale University New Haven, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA.
- Center for Brain and Mind Health, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA.
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA.
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA.
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK.
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McLinden J, Rahimi N, Kumar C, Krusienski DJ, Shao M, Spencer KM, Shahriari Y. Investigation of electro-vascular phase-amplitude coupling during an auditory task. Comput Biol Med 2024; 169:107902. [PMID: 38159399 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.107902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Multimodal neuroimaging using electroencephalography (EEG) and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) provides complementary views of cortical processes, including those related to auditory processing. However, current multimodal approaches often overlook potential insights that can be gained from nonlinear interactions between electrical and hemodynamic signals. Here, we explore electro-vascular phase-amplitude coupling (PAC) between low-frequency hemodynamic and high-frequency electrical oscillations during an auditory task. We further apply a temporally embedded canonical correlation analysis (tCCA)-general linear model (GLM)-based correction approach to reduce the possible effect of systemic physiology on fNIRS recordings. Before correction, we observed significant PAC between fNIRS and broadband EEG in the frontal region (p ≪ 0.05), β (p ≪ 0.05) and γ (p = 0.010) in the left temporal/temporoparietal (left auditory; LA) region, and γ (p = 0.032) in the right temporal/temporoparietal (right auditory; RA) region across the entire dataset. Significant differences in PAC across conditions (task versus silence) were observed in LA (p = 0.023) and RA (p = 0.049) γ sub-bands and in lower frequency (5-20 Hz) frontal activity (p = 0.005). After correction, significant fNIRS-γ-band PAC was observed in the frontal (p = 0.021) and LA (p = 0.025) regions, while fNIRS-α (p = 0.003) and fNIRS-β (p = 0.041) PAC were observed in RA. Decreased frontal γ-band (p = 0.008) and increased β-band (p ≪ 0.05) PAC were observed during the task. These outcomes represent the first characterization of electro-vascular PAC between fNIRS and EEG signals during an auditory task, providing insights into electro-vascular coupling in auditory processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- J McLinden
- Department of Electrical, Computer, and Biomedical Engineering, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
| | - N Rahimi
- Department of Computer and Information Science, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, MA, USA
| | - C Kumar
- Department of Computer and Information Science, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, MA, USA
| | - D J Krusienski
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - M Shao
- Department of Computer and Information Science, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, MA, USA
| | - K M Spencer
- Department of Psychiatry, VA Boston Healthcare System and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Y Shahriari
- Department of Electrical, Computer, and Biomedical Engineering, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA.
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Borgheai SB, Zisk AH, McLinden J, Mcintyre J, Sadjadi R, Shahriari Y. Multimodal pre-screening can predict BCI performance variability: A novel subject-specific experimental scheme. Comput Biol Med 2024; 168:107658. [PMID: 37984201 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.107658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brain-computer interface (BCI) systems currently lack the required robustness for long-term daily use due to inter- and intra-subject performance variability. In this study, we propose a novel personalized scheme for a multimodal BCI system, primarily using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) and electroencephalography (EEG), to identify, predict, and compensate for factors affecting competence-related and interfering factors associated with performance. METHOD 11 (out of 13 recruited) participants, including five participants with motor deficits, completed four sessions on average. During the training sessions, the subjects performed a short pre-screening phase, followed by three variations of a novel visou-mental (VM) protocol. Features extracted from the pre-screening phase were used to construct predictive platforms using stepwise multivariate linear regression (MLR) models. In the test sessions, we employed a task-correction phase where our predictive models were used to predict the ideal task variation to maximize performance, followed by an interference-correction phase. We then investigated the associations between predicted and actual performances and evaluated the outcome of correction strategies. RESULT The predictive models resulted in respective adjusted R-squared values of 0.942, 0.724, and 0.939 for the first, second, and third variation of the task, respectively. The statistical analyses showed significant associations between the performances predicted by predictive models and the actual performances for the first two task variations, with rhos of 0.7289 (p-value = 0.011) and 0.6970 (p-value = 0.017), respectively. For 81.82 % of the subjects, the task/workload correction stage correctly determined which task variation provided the highest accuracy, with an average performance gain of 5.18 % when applying the correction strategies. CONCLUSION Our proposed method can lead to an integrated multimodal predictive framework to compensate for BCI performance variability, particularly, for people with severe motor deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyyed Bahram Borgheai
- Department of Electrical, Computer, and Biomedical Engineering, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, United States; Neurology Department, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Alyssa Hillary Zisk
- Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Program, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, United States
| | - John McLinden
- Department of Electrical, Computer, and Biomedical Engineering, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, United States
| | - James Mcintyre
- Department of Electrical, Computer, and Biomedical Engineering, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, United States
| | - Reza Sadjadi
- Neurology Department, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Yalda Shahriari
- Department of Electrical, Computer, and Biomedical Engineering, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, United States; Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Program, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, United States.
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Liu Q, Cui H, Huang B, Huang Y, Sun H, Ru X, Zhang M, Chen W. Inter-brain neural mechanism and influencing factors underlying different cooperative behaviors: a hyperscanning study. Brain Struct Funct 2024; 229:75-95. [PMID: 37899406 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-023-02700-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
Cooperative behavior is a vital social interaction which plays a vital role in improving human survival and reproduction. However, few empirical studies have examined the differences between cooperative behaviors and the underlying neural substrates. In the present study, the brain activity of familiar dyads of the same sex was measured using functional near-infrared spectroscopy during three cooperative tasks (cooperative button-press, tangram, and Jenga tasks). We also measured the dyads' empathic abilities and personality traits to investigate the relationships between individual characteristics and neural markers. The results showed that first, there were significant differences in intra-brain activation and inter-brain synchronization among different cooperative tasks in three dimensions: social cognition, behavioral response, and cognitive processing. Second, male participants require stronger intra-brain activation to achieve the same inter-brain synchronization level as women in cooperative tasks. Third, when performing cooperative tasks involving high cognitive demands, Big Five Neuroticism may be an important predictor of neural activation in female participants. Inter-brain synchronization plays an important role in the frontal and temporoparietal junctions during interpersonal cooperation. Furthermore, this study demonstrates that mutual prediction theory is crucial for understanding the neural mechanisms of cooperative behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingming Liu
- Center for Brain, Mind and Education, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
- Department of Psychology, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Huimin Cui
- Department of Psychology, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Bincan Huang
- Department of Primary Education, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Yingying Huang
- Department of Primary Education, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Huimeng Sun
- Department of Primary Education, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Xinyi Ru
- Department of Primary Education, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Mingming Zhang
- Department of Psychology, College of Education, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Wei Chen
- Center for Brain, Mind and Education, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China.
- Department of Psychology, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China.
- Interdisciplinary Center for Philosophy and Cognitive Sciences, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China.
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Yang D, Ghafoor U, Eggebrecht AT, Hong KS. Effectiveness assessment of repetitive transcranial alternating current stimulation with concurrent EEG and fNIRS measurement. Health Inf Sci Syst 2023; 11:35. [PMID: 37545487 PMCID: PMC10397167 DOI: 10.1007/s13755-023-00233-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) exhibits the capability to interact with endogenous brain oscillations using an external low-intensity sinusoidal current and influences cerebral function. Despite its potential benefits, the physiological mechanisms and effectiveness of tACS are currently a subject of debate and disagreement. The aims of our study are to (i) evaluate the neurological and behavioral impact of tACS by conducting repetitive sham-controlled experiments and (ii) propose criteria to evaluate effectiveness, which can serve as a benchmark to determine optimal individual-based tACS protocols. In this study, 15 healthy adults participated in the experiment over two visiting: sham and tACS (i.e., 5 Hz, 1 mA). During each visit, we used multimodal recordings of the participants' brain, including simultaneous electroencephalography (EEG) and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), along with a working memory (WM) score to quantify neurological effects and cognitive changes immediately after each repetitive sham/tACS session. Our results indicate increased WM scores, hemodynamic response strength, and EEG power in theta and delta bands both during and after the tACS period. Additionally, the observed effects do not increase with prolonged stimulation time, as the effects plateau towards the end of the experiment. In conclusion, our proposed closed-loop scheme offers a promising advance for evaluating the effectiveness of tACS during the stimulation session. Specifically, the assessment criteria use participant-specific brain-based signals along with a behavioral output. Moreover, we propose a feedback efficacy score that can aid in determining the optimal stimulation duration based on a participant-specific brain state, thereby preventing the risk of overstimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalin Yang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241 Republic of Korea
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63100 USA
| | - Usman Ghafoor
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241 Republic of Korea
| | - Adam Thomas Eggebrecht
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63100 USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130 USA
| | - Keum-Shik Hong
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241 Republic of Korea
- Institute for Future, School of Automation, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071 Shandong China
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Tan SHJ, Wong JN, Teo WP. Is neuroimaging ready for the classroom? A systematic review of hyperscanning studies in learning. Neuroimage 2023; 281:120367. [PMID: 37689175 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2023.120367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Whether education research can be informed by findings from neuroscience studies has been hotly debated since Bruer's (1997) famous claim that neuroscience and education are "a bridge too far". However, this claim came before recent advancements in portable electroencephalography (EEG) and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) technologies, and second-person neuroscience techniques that brought about significant headway in understanding instructor-learner interactions in the classroom. To explore whether neuroscience and education are still two very separate fields, we systematically review 15 hyperscanning studies that were conducted in real-world classrooms or that implemented a teaching-learning task to investigate instructor-learner dynamics. Findings from this investigation illustrate that inter-brain synchrony between instructor and learner is an additional and valuable dimension to understand the complex web of instructor- and learner-related variables that influence learning. Importantly, these findings demonstrate the possibility of conducting real-world classroom studies with portable neuroimaging techniques and highlight the potential of such studies in providing translatable real-world implications. Once thought of as incompatible, a successful coupling between neuroscience and education is now within sight.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Jessica Tan
- Science of Learning in Education Centre, Office of Education Research, National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.
| | - Jin Nen Wong
- Science of Learning in Education Centre, Office of Education Research, National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Wei-Peng Teo
- Science of Learning in Education Centre, Office of Education Research, National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore; Physical Education and Sport Science Academic Group, National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
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You Y, Liu J, Yao Z, Zhang S, Chen K, Ma X. Neural mechanisms of long-term exercise intervention on cognitive performance among short-sleep young adults: A hemodynamic study. Sleep Med 2023; 110:7-16. [PMID: 37517285 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2023.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Short-sleep is becoming increasingly common and may negatively affect brain function including cognitive ability. Physical exercise has been proved to improve cognitive function while intensity matters. This study was conducted to examine the effects of 12-week exercise interventions on cognitive performance and prefrontal cortex activation related to task performance in short-sleep young adults. METHODS A total of 50 subjects (23.62 ± 5.28 years and 24 men) with regular short-sleep conditions (<7 h per night) participated in this study and were divided into three groups: control, moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT), and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) group. As task performance (congruent and incongruent Stroop) was monitored, changes in prefrontal oxygenated hemoglobin (oxyHb), an indicator of cortical activation, were measured using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to explore the hemodynamics mechanism. RESULTS Post 12-week intervention, significant differences in reaction time for congruent [β (95%CI): -0.045 (-0.088, -0.002), p = 0.039] and incongruent Stroop tests [β (95%CI): -0.058 (-0.113, -0.003), p = 0.038] were found only in the MICT intervention group. However, HIIT did not show significant improvements in cognitive function. Left middle frontal gyrus (Frontal Mid L) and right dorsolateral superior frontal gyrus (Frontal Sup R) were both stimulated by MICT and HIIT. Moreover, left dorsolateral superior frontal gyrus (Frontal Sup L) was stimulated by MICT. CONCLUSION The findings indicated that 12-week MICT improved cognition by significantly increasing cortical activity across more brain regions. Thus, we suggested that maintaining moderate-intensity exercise could benefit cognitive function despite short sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanwei You
- Division of Sports Science & Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jianxiu Liu
- Division of Sports Science & Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China; Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Zhengbang Yao
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Shiqi Zhang
- Division of Sports Science & Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Keshuo Chen
- Division of Sports Science & Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xindong Ma
- Division of Sports Science & Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China; IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
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Chen YF, Mao MC, Zhu GY, Sun CC, Zhao JW, He HX, Chen YH, Xu DS. The changes of neuroactivity of Tui Na (Chinese massage) at Hegu acupoint on sensorimotor cortex in stroke patients with upper limb motor dysfunction: a fNIRS study. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:334. [PMID: 37735652 PMCID: PMC10512523 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-04143-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tui Na (Chinese massage) is a relatively simple, inexpensive, and non-invasive intervention, and has been used to treat stroke patients for many years in China. Tui Na acts on specific parts of the body which are called meridians and acupoints to achieve the role of treating diseases. Yet the underlying neural mechanism associated with Tui Na is not clear due to the lack of detection methods. OBJECTIVE Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) was used to explore the changes of sensorimotor cortical neural activity in patients with upper limb motor dysfunction of stroke and healthy control groups during Tui Na Hegu Point. METHODS Ten patients with unilateral upper limb motor dysfunction after stroke and eight healthy subjects received Tui Na. fNIRS was used to record the hemodynamic data in the sensorimotor cortex and the changes in blood flow were calculated based on oxygenated hemoglobin (Oxy-Hb), the task session involved repetitive Tui Na on Hegu acupoint, using a block design [six cycles: rest (20 seconds); Tui Na (20 seconds); rest (30 seconds)]. The changes in neural activity in sensorimotor cortex could be inferred according to the principle of neurovascular coupling, and the number of activated channels in the bilateral hemisphere was used to calculate the lateralization index. RESULT 1. For hemodynamic response induced by Hegu acupoint Tui Na, a dominant increase in the contralesional primary sensorimotor cortex during Hegu point Tui Na of the less affected arm in stroke patients was observed, as well as that in healthy controls, while this contralateral pattern was absent during Hegu point Tui Na of the affected arm in stroke patients. 2. Concerning the lateralization index in stroke patients, a significant difference was observed between lateralization index values for the affected arm and the less affected arm (P < 0.05). Wilcoxon tests showed a significant difference between lateralization index values for the affected arm in stroke patients and lateralization index values for the dominant upper limb in healthy controls (P < 0.05), and no significant difference between lateralization index values for the less affected arm in stroke patients and that in healthy controls (P = 0.36). CONCLUSION The combination of Tui Na and fNIRS has the potential to reflect the functional status of sensorimotor neural circuits. The changes of neuroactivity in the sensorimotor cortex when Tui Na Hegu acupoint indicate that there is a certain correlation between acupoints in traditional Chinese medicine and neural circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Feng Chen
- Department of Massage, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng-Chai Mao
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Intelligent Rehabilitation, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
- The Second Rehabilitation Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Guang-Yue Zhu
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng-Cheng Sun
- Rehabilitation Medical Center, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing-Wang Zhao
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao-Xiang He
- Department of Intensive Rehabilitation, Shanghai Third Rehabilitation Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Hui Chen
- Department of Internal Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Dong-Sheng Xu
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
- Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Intelligent Rehabilitation, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China.
- Department of Rehabilitation, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Lu H, Jiang J, Si J, Wang Y, Huang F. A functional near-infrared spectroscopy study on hemodynamic changes of patients with prolonged disorders of consciousness responding to different auditory stimuli. BMC Neurol 2023; 23:242. [PMID: 37353754 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-023-03292-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Treating prolonged disorders of consciousness (pDoC) is challenging. Thus, accurate assessment of residual consciousness in patients with pDoC is important for the management and recovery of patients. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) can be used to detect brain activity through changes of oxygenated hemoglobin/deoxygenated hemoglobin (HbO/HbR) concentrations changes and has recently gained increasing attention for its potential applications in assessing residual consciousness. However, the number of fNIRS studies assessing residual awareness in patients with pDoC is still limited. In this study, fNIRS was used to evaluate the brain function in 18 patients with pDoC, including 14 vegetative states (VS) and 4 minimally conscious states (MCS), and 15 healthy controls (HC). All participants accepted two types of external stimuli, i.e., active stimulation (motor imagery, MI) and passive stimulation (subject's own name, SON). The results showed that the mean concentrations of HbO/HbR in the prefrontal cortex of the HC during the passive stimulation were significantly lower than those of the active stimulation, and the fitting slope was high. However, the hemodynamic responses of the patients with pDoC were opposite to those of the HC. Additionally, the mean concentrations of HbO/HbR increased as the level of consciousness decreased during passive stimulation. Our findings suggest that the residual level of consciousness in pDoC patients can be assessed by measuring brain responses to different stimulations using fNIRS. The present study further demonstrates the feasibility and reliability of fNIRS in assessing residual consciousness in patients with pDoC, providing a basis for its expanded clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitao Lu
- Department of Neurorehabilitation, Beijing Bo'ai Hospital, Rehabilitation Research Center, School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Jin Jiang
- Laboratory of Human Factors Engineering, China Astronaut Research and Training Centre, Beijing, China
| | - Juanning Si
- School of Instrumentation Science and Opto-electronics Engineering, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, 100192, Beijing, China
| | - Yizheng Wang
- Department of Neurorehabilitation, Beijing Bo'ai Hospital, Rehabilitation Research Center, School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Fubiao Huang
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Research Center, School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Beijing Bo'ai Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Mizrahi T, Axelrod V. Naturalistic auditory stimuli with fNIRS prefrontal cortex imaging: A potential paradigm for disorder of consciousness diagnostics (a study with healthy participants). Neuropsychologia 2023:108604. [PMID: 37271305 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2023.108604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Disorder of consciousness (DOC) is a devastating condition due to brain damage. A patient in this condition is non-responsive, but nevertheless might be conscious at least at some level. Determining the conscious level of DOC patients is important for both medical and ethical reasons, but reliably achieving this has been a major challenge. Naturalistic stimuli in combination with neuroimaging have been proposed as a promising approach for DOC patient diagnosis. Capitalizing on and extending this proposal, the goal of the present study conducted with healthy participants was to develop a new paradigm with naturalistic auditory stimuli and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) - an approach that can be used at the bedside. Twenty-four healthy participants passively listened to 9 min of auditory story, scrambled auditory story, classical music, and scrambled classical music segments while their prefrontal cortex activity was recorded using fNIRS. We found much higher intersubject correlation (ISC) during story compared to scrambled story conditions both at the group level and in the majority of individual subjects, suggesting that fNIRS imaging of the prefrontal cortex might be a sensitive method to capture neural changes associated with narrative comprehension. In contrast, the ISC during the classical music segment did not differ reliably from scrambled classical music and was also much lower than the story condition. Our main result is that naturalistic auditory stories with fNIRS might be used in a clinical setup to identify high-level processing and potential consciousness in DOC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamar Mizrahi
- The Gonda Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel; Head Injuries Rehabilitation Department, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Vadim Axelrod
- The Gonda Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel.
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Xie E, Liu M, Li K, Nastase SA, Gao X, Li X. The single- and dual-brain mechanisms underlying the adviser's confidence expression strategy switching during influence management. Neuroimage 2023; 270:119957. [PMID: 36822251 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2023.119957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Effective influence management during advice-giving requires individuals to express confidence in the advice properly and switch timely between the 'competitive' strategy and the 'defensive' strategy. However, how advisers switch between these two strategies, and whether and why there exist individual differences during this process remain elusive. We used an advice-giving game that manipulated incentive contexts (Incentivized/Non-Incentivized) to induce the adviser's confidence expression strategy switching and measured the brain activities of adviser and advisee concurrently using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Behaviorally, we observed individual differences in strategy switching. Some advisers applied the 'defensive' strategy when incentivized and the 'competitive' strategy when not incentivized, while others applied the 'competitive' strategy when incentivized and the 'defensive' strategy when not incentivized. This effect was mediated by the adviser's perceived stress in each condition and was reflected by the frequencies of advice-taking in the advisees. Neurally, brain activation in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) supported strategy switching, as well as interpersonal neural synchronization (INS) in the temporoparietal junction (TPJ) that supported influence management. This two-in-one process, i.e., confidence expression strategy switching and the corresponding influence management, was linked and modulated by the strength of DLPFC-TPJ functional connectivity in the adviser. We further developed a descriptive model that contributed to understanding the adviser's strategy switching during influence management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enhui Xie
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Psychological Crisis Intervention, Affiliated Mental Health Center (ECNU), School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Mengdie Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Psychological Crisis Intervention, Affiliated Mental Health Center (ECNU), School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Keshuang Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Psychological Crisis Intervention, Affiliated Mental Health Center (ECNU), School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Samuel A Nastase
- Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, United States
| | - Xiaoxue Gao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Psychological Crisis Intervention, School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China.
| | - Xianchun Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Psychological Crisis Intervention, Affiliated Mental Health Center (ECNU), School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China; Shanghai Changning Mental Health Center, Shanghai, China, 200335; Institute of Wisdom in China, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China, 200062.
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Cockx H, Oostenveld R, Tabor M, Savenco E, van Setten A, Cameron I, van Wezel R. fNIRS is sensitive to leg activity in the primary motor cortex after systemic artifact correction. Neuroimage 2023; 269:119880. [PMID: 36693595 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2023.119880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is an increasingly popular tool to study cortical activity during movement and gait that requires further validation. This study aimed to assess (1) whether fNIRS can detect the difficult-to-measure leg area of the primary motor cortex (M1) and distinguish it from the hand area; and (2) whether fNIRS can differentiate between automatic (i.e., not requiring one's attention) and non-automatic movement processes. Special attention was attributed to systemic artifacts (i.e., changes in blood pressure, heart rate, breathing) which were assessed and corrected by short channels, i.e., fNIRS channels which are mainly sensitive to superficial scalp hemodynamics. METHODS Twenty-three seated, healthy participants tapped four fingers on a keyboard or tapped the right foot on four squares on the floor in a specific order given by a 12-digit sequence (e.g., 434141243212). Two different sequences were executed: a beforehand learned (i.e., automatic) version and a newly learned (i.e., non-automatic) version. A 36-channel fNIRS device including 12 short channels covered multiple motor-related cortical areas including M1. The fNIRS data were analyzed with a general linear model (GLM). Correlation between the expected functional hemodynamic responses (i.e. task regressor) and the short channels (i.e. nuisance regressors), necessitated performing a separate short channel regression instead of integrating them in the GLM. RESULTS Consistent with the M1 somatotopy, we found significant HbO increases of very large effect size in the lateral M1 channels during finger tapping (Cohen's d = 1.35, p<0.001) and significant HbO increases of moderate effect size in the medial M1 channels during foot tapping (Cohen's d = 0.8, p<0.05). The cortical activity differences between automatic and non-automatic tasks were not significantly different. Importantly, leg movements produced large systemic fluctuations, which were adequately removed by the use of all available short channels. DISCUSSION Our results indicate that fNIRS is sensitive to leg activity in M1, though the sensitivity is lower than for finger activity and requires rigorous correction for systemic fluctuations. We furthermore highlight that systemic artifacts may result in an unreliable GLM analysis when short channels show signals that are similar to the expected hemodynamic responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Cockx
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Biophysics Department, Faculty of Science, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525AJ Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
| | - Robert Oostenveld
- Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour, Donders Center for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University, Kapittelweg 29, 6525EN Nijmegen, the Netherlands; NatMEG, Karolinska Institutet, Nobels Väg 9, D2:D235, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Merel Tabor
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Biophysics Department, Faculty of Science, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525AJ Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Ecaterina Savenco
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Biophysics Department, Faculty of Science, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525AJ Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Arne van Setten
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Biophysics Department, Faculty of Science, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525AJ Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Ian Cameron
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Biophysics Department, Faculty of Science, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525AJ Nijmegen, the Netherlands; OnePlanet Research Center, Toernooiveld 300, 6525EC Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Biomedical Signals and Systems Group, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science (EEMCS), University of Twente, Drienerlolaan 5, 7522NB Enschede, the Netherlands.
| | - Richard van Wezel
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Biophysics Department, Faculty of Science, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525AJ Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Biomedical Signals and Systems Group, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science (EEMCS), University of Twente, Drienerlolaan 5, 7522NB Enschede, the Netherlands.
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Polskaia N, St-Amant G, Fraser S, Lajoie Y. Involvement of the prefrontal cortex in motor sequence learning: A functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) study. Brain Cogn 2023; 166:105940. [PMID: 36621187 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2022.105940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Our previous functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) study on motor sequence learning (Polskaia et al., 2020) did not detect the same decrease in activity in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) associated with movement automaticity, as reported by Wu et al. (2004). This was partly attributed to insufficient practice time to reach neural efficiency. Therefore, we sought to expand on our previous work to better understand the contribution of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) to motor sequence learning by examining learning across a longer period of time. Participants were randomly assigned to one of two groups: control or trained. fNIRS was acquired at three time points: pre-test, post-test, and retention. Participants performed four sequences (S1, S2, S3, and S4) of right-hand finger tapping. The trained group also underwent four days of practice of S1 and S2. No group differences in the left DLPFC and ventrolateral (VLPFC) were found between sessions for S1 and S2. Our findings revealed increased contribution from the right VLPFC in post-test for the trained group, which may reflect the active retrieval of explicit information from long-term memory. Our results suggest that despite additional practice time, explicit motor sequence learning requires the continued involvement of the PFC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Polskaia
- School of Human Kinetics, Faculty of Health Science, University of Ottawa, Canada.
| | - Gabrielle St-Amant
- School of Human Kinetics, Faculty of Health Science, University of Ottawa, Canada.
| | - Sarah Fraser
- Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Science, University of Ottawa, Canada.
| | - Yves Lajoie
- School of Human Kinetics, Faculty of Health Science, University of Ottawa, Canada.
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Borjkhani H, Setarehdan SK. Quantitative Comparison of Analytical Solution and Finite Element Method for Investigation of Near-infrared Light Propagation in Brain Tissue Model. Basic Clin Neurosci 2023; 14:193-202. [PMID: 38107524 PMCID: PMC10719975 DOI: 10.32598/bcn.2021.1930.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is an imaging method in which a light source and detector are installed on the head; consequently, the re-emission of light from human skin contains information about cerebral hemodynamic alteration. The spatial probability distribution profile of photons penetrating tissue at a source spot, scattering into the tissue, and being released at an appropriate detector position, represents the spatial sensitivity. Methods Modeling light propagation in a human head is essential for quantitative near-infrared spectroscopy and optical imaging. The specific form of the distribution of light is obtained using the theory of perturbation. An analytical solution of the perturbative diffusion equation (DE) and finite element method (FEM) in a Slab media (similar to the human head) makes it possible to study light propagation due to absorption and scattering of brain tissue. Results The simulation result indicates that sensitivity is slowly decreasing in the deep area, and the sensitivity below the source and detector is the highest. The depth sensitivity and computation time of both analytical and FEM methods are compared. The simulation time of the analytical approach is four times larger than the FEM. Conclusion In this paper, an analytical solution and the performance of FEM methods when applied to the diffusion equation for heterogeneous media with a single spherical defect are compared. The depth sensitivity along with the computation time of simulation has been investigated for both methods. For simple and Slab modes of the human brain, the analytical solution is the right candidate. Whenever the brain model is sophisticated, it is possible to use FEM methods, but it costs a higher computation time. Highlights Analytical and finite element method (FEM) depth sensitivity are almost the same.FEM requires more computation time, but can handle complicated head models.The analytical method is proposed for the first step and simple head models. Plain Language Summary The functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a type of neuromonitoring that uses near-infrared light to measure brain activity indirectly and is similar to electroencephalography (EEG). A single-channel fNIRS system contains a near-infrared light source, which emits near-infrared light (NIR), and a detector is placed near the source. A light intensity change received by detectors indicates brain activity when NIR light penetrates into the gray matter. It is necessary to have a prior understanding of light penetration depth in order to measure brain activity more accurately. fNIRS can be better understood, optimized, and investigated through modeling light propagation in brain tissue. In order to study light in tissues, analytical and numerical methods can be used. In this work, we compared these two approaches quantitatively in a simple slab medium. We concluded that the numerical method takes too much time to calculate the results, but it can be applied to complicated head models. The results of these studies provide researchers with new insights into the modeling and simulation of fNIRS and diffuse optical tomography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Borjkhani
- Control and Intelligent Processing Center of Excellence, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Kamaledin Setarehdan
- Control and Intelligent Processing Center of Excellence, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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Khan H, Qureshi NK, Yazidi A, Engell H, Mirtaheri P. Single-leg stance on a challenging surface can enhance cortical activation in the right hemisphere - A case study. Heliyon 2023; 9:e13628. [PMID: 36846707 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Maintaining body balance, whether static or dynamic, is critical in performing everyday activities and developing and optimizing basic motor skills. This study investigates how a professional alpine skier's brain activates on the contralateral side during a single-leg stance. Continuous-wave functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) signals were recorded with sixteen sources and detectors over the motor cortex to investigate brain hemodynamics. Three different tasks were performed: barefooted walk (BFW), right-leg stance (RLS), and left-leg stance (LLS). The signal processing pipeline includes channel rejection, the conversation of raw intensities into hemoglobin concentration changes using modified Beer-Lambert law, baseline zero-adjustments, z-normalization, and temporal filtration. The hemodynamic brain signal was estimated using a general linear model with a 2-gamma function. Measured activations (t-values) with p-value <0.05 were only considered as statistically significant active channels. Compared to all other conditions, BFW has the lowest brain activation. LLS is associated with more contralateral brain activation than RLS. During LLS, higher brain activation was observed across all brain regions. The right hemisphere has comparatively more activated regions-of-interest. Higher ΔHbO demands in the dorsolateral prefrontal, pre-motor, supplementary motor cortex, and primary motor cortex were observed in the right hemisphere relative to the left which explains higher energy demands for balancing during LLS. Broca's temporal lobe was also activated during both LLS and RLS. Comparing the results with BFW- which is considered the most realistic walking condition-, it is concluded that higher demands of ΔHbO predict higher motor control demands for balancing. The participant struggled with balance during the LLS, showing higher ΔHbO in both hemispheres compared to two other conditions, which indicates the higher requirement for motor control to maintain balance. A post-physiotherapy exercise program is expected to improve balance during LLS, leading to fewer changes to ΔHbO.
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Zhao L, Kojima H, Yasunaga D, Irie K. Syntactic and Semantic Processing in Japanese Sentence Reading: A Research Using Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS). J Psycholinguist Res 2023; 52:57-73. [PMID: 34775544 DOI: 10.1007/s10936-021-09818-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In order to examine whether syntactic processing is a necessary prerequisite for semantic integration in Japanese, cortical activation was monitored while participants engaged in silent reading task. Congruous sentences (CON), semantic violation sentences (V-SEM), and syntactic violation sentences (V-SYN) were presented in the experiment. The participants' oxygenated hemoglobin concentration changes during the reading task were measured using functional near-infrared spectroscopy. The results suggest that the CON sentences did not require additional cognitive load on syntactic processing or semantic processing. The V-SEM sentences demanded great cognitive load on semantic processing. Besides, it also elicited great cognitive load on syntactic processing. The V-SYN sentences induced great cognitive load on syntactic processing, but it did not induce additional load on semantic processing. These evidence demonstrates that, in Japanese language processing, the difficultness of semantic processing could influence the difficultness of syntactic processing, while the difficultness of syntactic processing would not influence the difficultness of semantic processing. Our findings are suggestive of the possibility that in Japanese language reading, semantic processing precedes syntactic processing, or semantic processing and syntactic processing are in parallel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Licui Zhao
- School of Foreign Languages, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225127, Jiangsu, China.
- Graduate School of Human and Socio-Environmental Studies, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-1192, Japan.
| | - Haruyuki Kojima
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Human Science, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Daichi Yasunaga
- Department of Linguistics and Literature, Faculty of Letters, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Koji Irie
- Department of Linguistics and Literature, Faculty of Letters, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-1192, Japan
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20
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Si X, Zhou Y, Li S, Zhang X, Han S, Xiang S, Ming D. Brain-Computer Interfaces in Visualized Medicine. Adv Exp Med Biol 2023; 1199:127-153. [PMID: 37460730 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-32-9902-3_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
The brain-computer interface (BCI), also known as a brain-machine interface (BMI), has attracted extensive attention in biomedical applications. More importantly, BCI technologies have substantially revolutionized early predictions, diagnostic techniques, and rehabilitation strategies addressing acute diseases because of BCI's innovations and clinical translations. Therefore, in this chapter, a comprehensive description of the basic concepts of BCI will be exhibited, and various visualization techniques employed in BCI's medical applications will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopeng Si
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neural Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.
| | - Yu Zhou
- College of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Henan, China
| | - Sicheng Li
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neural Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xingjian Zhang
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neural Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shunli Han
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neural Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shaoxin Xiang
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neural Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Dong Ming
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neural Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
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21
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van Weelden E, Alimardani M, Wiltshire TJ, Louwerse MM. Aviation and neurophysiology: A systematic review. Appl Ergon 2022; 105:103838. [PMID: 35939991 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2022.103838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
This paper systematically reviews 20 years of publications (N = 54) on aviation and neurophysiology. The main goal is to provide an account of neurophysiological changes associated with flight training with the aim of identifying neurometrics indicative of pilot's flight training level and task relevant mental states, as well as to capture the current state-of-art of (neuro)ergonomic design and practice in flight training. We identified multiple candidate neurometrics of training progress and workload, such as frontal theta power, the EEG Engagement Index and the Cognitive Stability Index. Furthermore, we discovered that several types of classifiers could be used to accurately detect mental states, such as the detection of drowsiness and mental fatigue. The paper advances practical guidelines on terminology usage, simulator fidelity, and multimodality, as well as future research ideas including the potential of Virtual Reality flight simulations for training, and a brain-computer interface for flight training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evy van Weelden
- Department of Cognitive Science & Artificial Intelligence, Tilburg University, the Netherlands.
| | - Maryam Alimardani
- Department of Cognitive Science & Artificial Intelligence, Tilburg University, the Netherlands
| | - Travis J Wiltshire
- Department of Cognitive Science & Artificial Intelligence, Tilburg University, the Netherlands
| | - Max M Louwerse
- Department of Cognitive Science & Artificial Intelligence, Tilburg University, the Netherlands
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22
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Petrie DJ, Knapp KS, Freet CS, Deneke E, Brick TR, Cleveland HH, Bunce SC. Prefrontal cortical response to natural rewards and self-reported anhedonia are associated with greater craving among recently withdrawn patients in residential treatment for opioid use disorder. Brain Res Bull 2022; 190:32-41. [PMID: 36122801 PMCID: PMC10161509 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2022.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Both anhedonia and craving are common among patients with opioid use disorder (OUD), and are associated with vulnerability to relapse. Although these constructs are theoretically linked relatively few studies have examined them together. In the current study, recently withdrawn patients (N = 71) in residential treatment for prescription OUD underwent a cue reactivity paradigm while being monitored with functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Patients also self-reported symptoms of anhedonia via the Snaith-Hamilton Pleasure Scale (SHAPS), while smartphone-based ecological momentary assessments (EMA) were used to measure craving levels. On average, lower right prefrontal cortex (PFC) activity in response to positive social stimuli was associated with higher craving (β = - 2.87; S.E. = 1.23; p = 0.02). Self-reported anhedonia moderated the association between PFC activity and craving (β = - 1.02; S.E. = 0.48; p = 0.04), such that patients with two or more anhedonic symptoms had a significant and stronger negative association between PFC activation to hedonically positive images and craving, compared to patients with fewer than two anhedonic symptoms, among whom the association was not significant. This finding provides evidence that higher levels of anhedonia among patients in residential treatment for OUD are associated with a stronger link between lower PFC response to positive social experiences and higher levels of craving, potentially increasing overall vulnerability to relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Petrie
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Kyler S Knapp
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States; Edna Bennett Pierce Prevention Research Center, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Christopher S Freet
- Department of Psychiatry, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Erin Deneke
- Caron Treatment Centers, Wernersville, PA, United States
| | - Timothy R Brick
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States; Institute for Computational and Data Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - H Harrington Cleveland
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Scott C Bunce
- Department of Psychiatry, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States.
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23
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Liao YY, Chen IH, Hsu WC, Tseng HY, Wang RY. Effect of exergaming versus combined exercise on cognitive function and brain activation in frail older adults: A randomised controlled trial. Ann Phys Rehabil Med 2021; 64:101492. [PMID: 33454398 DOI: 10.1016/j.rehab.2021.101492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive impairment is prevalent among frail older adults. Traditional exercise and exergaming positively affect cognition in healthy older people. However, few studies have investigated the effects of exergaming on cognition and brain activation in frail older adults. OBJECTIVE This study compared the effect of Kinect based exergaming (EXER) and combined physical exercise (CPE) training on cognitive function and brain activation in frail older adults in Taiwan. We hypothesised that EXER would be superior to CPE in this population. METHODS We randomised 46 community-dwelling frail older adults to the EXER or CPE group for 36 sessions (three 60-min training sessions per week) over 12 weeks. Outcome measures for cognitive function included global cognition measured by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment, executive function measured by the Executive Interview 25, verbal memory measured by the Chinese version of the California Verbal Learning Test, attention measured by the Stroop Colour and Word Test and Trail Making Test (part B), and working memory measured by spatial n-back tests. Prefrontal cortex activation during the global cognition test was documented with functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). RESULTS Both groups improved significantly in global cognition (P<0.05), executive function (P<0.05), and attention (P<0.05) after the 12-week intervention. The group×time interaction indicated that EXER training significantly enhanced global cognition more than CPE training (F(1,44)=5.277, P=0.026). Moreover, only the EXER group showed significant improvements in verbal (P<0.05) and working (P<0.05) memory after the intervention. The fNIRS hemodynamics data revealed decreased activation in prefrontal cortices of both groups (P<0.05) during the post-training cognitive assessment, thereby suggesting greater neural efficiency; however, we found no significant group difference. CONCLUSION In frail older adults, exergaming and CPE could improve cognitive function, most likely by increasing neural efficiency. Moreover, exergaming may be superior to CPE, particularly in improving global cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Yi Liao
- Department of gerontological health care, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - I-Hsuan Chen
- Department of physical therapy, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chun Hsu
- Graduate Institute of biomedical engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Han-Yun Tseng
- Department of gerontological health care, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ray-Yau Wang
- Department of physical therapy and assistive technology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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24
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Tung H, Lin WH, Lan TH, Hsieh PF, Chiang MC, Lin YY, Peng SJ. Network reorganization during verbal fluency task in fronto-temporal epilepsy: A functional near-infrared spectroscopy study. J Psychiatr Res 2021; 138:541-549. [PMID: 33990025 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
This is the first study to use functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to investigate how the lateralization of the epileptogenic zone affects the reconfiguration of task-related network patterns. Eleven left fronto-temporal epilepsy (L-FTE) and 11 right fronto-temporal epilepsy (R-FTE), as well as 22 age- and gender-matched controls, were enrolled. Signals from 52-channel fNIRS were recorded while the subject was undertaking verbal fluency tasks (VFTs), which included categorical (CFT) and letter (LFT) fluency tasks. Three analytic methods were used to study the network topology: network-based analysis, hub identification, and proportional threshold to select the top 20% strongest connections for both graph theory parameters and clinical correlation. Performance of CFT is accomplished primarily using the ventral pathway, and bilateral ventral pathways are augmented in fronto-temporal epilepsy patients by strengthening the inter-hemispheric connections, especially for R-FTE. LFT mainly employed the dorsal pathway, and further prioritized the left dorsal pathway in strengthening intra-hemispheric connections in fronto-temporal epilepsy, especially L-FTE. The top 20% of the strongest connections only present differences in CFT network compared with the controls. R-FTE increased inter-hemispheric network density, while L-FTE decreased inter-hemispheric average characteristic path length. Accumulative seizure burden only affects L-FTE network. Better LFT performance and longer educational years seem to promote left fronto-temporal networks, and decreased the demand from RR intra-hemispheric connectivity in L-FTE. LFT scores in R-FTE are maintained by preserved RR intra-hemispheric networks. However, CFT scores and educational years seem to have no effect on the CFT network topology in both FTE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin Tung
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taiwan; Center of Faculty Development, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan; Division of Epilepsy, Neurological Institute, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Hao Lin
- Department of Psychiatry, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsuo-Hung Lan
- Department of Psychiatry, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Peiyuan F Hsieh
- Division of Epilepsy, Neurological Institute, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chang Chiang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Yang Lin
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taiwan; Department of Critical Care Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan; Institute of Brain Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Syu-Jyun Peng
- Professional Master Program in Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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25
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Zhao L, Yasunaga D, Kojima H. Similarities and Differences Between Native and Non-native Speakers' Processing of Formulaic Sequences: A Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) Study. J Psycholinguist Res 2021; 50:397-416. [PMID: 31350678 DOI: 10.1007/s10936-019-09655-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The present study reported an experiment examining whether both native speakers (NSs) and non-native speakers (NNSs) give formulaic sequences (FSs) priority over novel phrases in processing, as the dual route model has postulated. In this experiment, NSs and NNSs were asked to read Japanese versions of semi-transparent restricted collocations (e.g., kenka-o uru 'pick a fight (acc)'), novel phrases (e.g., tomato-o uru 'sell tomatoes (acc)'), and violated phrases (e.g., kenka-o sagasu 'find out a fight (acc)'); and they judged the naturalness of these sequences. Participants' reaction times were measured, as well as their cortical activation. The results revealed that, for the NSs, collocations required shorter reaction times and elicited less cortical activation than the novel stimuli. For NNSs, collocations similarly required shorter reaction times, but they elicited greater cortical activation than novel phrases. These results support the dual route model, both for NSs and NNSs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Licui Zhao
- Graduate School of Human and Socio-Environmental Studies, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa City, Ishikawa, 920-1192, Japan.
- School of Foreign Languages, Yangzhou University, 225127, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Daichi Yasunaga
- Faculty of Linguistics and Literature, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa City, Ishikawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Haruyuki Kojima
- Faculty of Human Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa City, Ishikawa, 920-1192, Japan.
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26
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Rahman MA, Siddik AB, Ghosh TK, Khanam F, Ahmad M. A Narrative Review on Clinical Applications of fNIRS. J Digit Imaging 2020; 33:1167-1184. [PMID: 32989620 PMCID: PMC7573058 DOI: 10.1007/s10278-020-00387-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a relatively new imaging modality in the functional neuroimaging research arena. The fNIRS modality non-invasively investigates the change of blood oxygenation level in the human brain utilizing the transillumination technique. In the last two decades, the interest in this modality is gradually evolving for its real-time monitoring, relatively low-cost, radiation-less environment, portability, patient-friendliness, etc. Including brain-computer interface and functional neuroimaging research, this technique has some important application of clinical perspectives such as Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, dyslexia, Parkinson's disease, childhood disorders, post-neurosurgery dysfunction, attention, functional connectivity, and many more can be diagnosed as well as in some form of assistive modality in clinical approaches. Regarding the issue, this review article presents the current scopes of fNIRS in medical assistance, clinical decision making, and future perspectives. This article also covers a short history of fNIRS, fundamental theories, and significant outcomes reported by a number of scholarly articles. Since this review article is hopefully the first one that comprehensively explores the potential scopes of the fNIRS in a clinical perspective, we hope it will be helpful for the researchers, physicians, practitioners, current students of the functional neuroimaging field, and the related personnel for their further studies and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Asadur Rahman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Military Institute of Science and Technology (MIST), Dhaka, 1216 Bangladesh
| | - Abu Bakar Siddik
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology (KUET), Khulna, 9203 Bangladesh
| | - Tarun Kanti Ghosh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology (KUET), Khulna, 9203 Bangladesh
| | - Farzana Khanam
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Jashore University of Science and Technology (JUST), Jashore, 7408 Bangladesh
| | - Mohiuddin Ahmad
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology (KUET), Khulna, 9203 Bangladesh
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27
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Kaga Y, Ueda R, Tanaka M, Kita Y, Suzuki K, Okumura Y, Egashira Y, Shirakawa Y, Mitsuhashi S, Kitamura Y, Nakagawa E, Yamashita Y, Inagaki M. Executive dysfunction in medication-naïve children with ADHD: A multi-modal fNIRS and EEG study. Brain Dev 2020; 42:555-563. [PMID: 32532641 DOI: 10.1016/j.braindev.2020.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) exhibit deficits in executive function. Since there are no clear biomarkers for the disorder, this study aimed to investigate the neurophysiological biomarkers for deficits in executive function in children with ADHD using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) and electroencephalography. METHODS Twenty patients diagnosed with ADHD and 19 typically developing children (TDC; 8-11 years old) were included. Event related potentials (ERPs) were recorded using an electroencephalogram (EEG) and oxygenated hemoglobin concentrations (Oxy-Hb) were recorded using fNIRS during a colored Go/NoGo task, simultaneously. Latencies and amplitudes of NoGo-N2 and NoGo/Go-P3 tasks were measured using EEG. RESULTS Children with ADHD showed significantly decreased Oxy-Hb in the right frontal cortex as well as longer NoGo-P3 latencies and a decreased NoGo/Go-P3 amplitude. There was a significant positive correlation between the Oxy-Hb and NoGo/Go-P3 amplitude. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that children with ADHD experience executive dysfunction. Hemodynamic and electrophysiological findings during the Go/NoGo task might be useful as a biomarker of executive function. SIGNIFICANCE These findings have key implications for understanding the pathophysiology of deficits in executive function in ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshimi Kaga
- Department of Developmental Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawahigashi-cho, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8553, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo, Yamanashi 409-3898, Japan.
| | - Riyo Ueda
- Department of Developmental Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawahigashi-cho, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8553, Japan
| | - Miho Tanaka
- Department of Developmental Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawahigashi-cho, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8553, Japan
| | - Yosuke Kita
- Department of Developmental Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawahigashi-cho, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8553, Japan; Cognitive Brain Research Unit (CBRU), Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, 3 Haartmaninkatu, Helsinki 00290, Finland
| | - Kota Suzuki
- Department of Developmental Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawahigashi-cho, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8553, Japan; Faculty of Education, Shitennoji University, 3-2-1 Gakuenmae, Habikino, Osaka 583-8501, Japan
| | - Yasuko Okumura
- Department of Developmental Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawahigashi-cho, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8553, Japan; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Research Fellow, Kojimachi Business Center Building, 5-3-1 Kojimachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0083, Japan
| | - Yuka Egashira
- Department of Developmental Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawahigashi-cho, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8553, Japan
| | - Yuka Shirakawa
- Department of Developmental Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawahigashi-cho, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8553, Japan
| | - Shota Mitsuhashi
- Department of Developmental Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawahigashi-cho, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8553, Japan
| | - Yuzuki Kitamura
- Department of Developmental Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawahigashi-cho, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8553, Japan; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Research Fellow, Kojimachi Business Center Building, 5-3-1 Kojimachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0083, Japan; Graduate School of Design, Kyushu University, 4-9-1, Shiobaru Minami-ku, Fukuoka 815-8540, Japan
| | - Eiji Nakagawa
- Department of Child Neurology, National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawahigashi-cho, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8551, Japan
| | - Yushiro Yamashita
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahimachi, Kurume, Fukuoka 830-0011, Japan
| | - Masumi Inagaki
- Department of Developmental Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawahigashi-cho, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8553, Japan
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28
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Steber S, Rossi S. So young, yet so mature? Electrophysiological and vascular correlates of phonotactic processing in 18-month-olds. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2020; 43:100784. [PMID: 32510350 PMCID: PMC7184260 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2020.100784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated neural correlates of implicit phonotactic processing in 18-month-old children that just reached an important step in language development: the vocabulary spurt. Pseudowords, either phonotactically legal or illegal with respect to their native language, were acoustically presented to monolingually German raised infants. Neural activity was simultaneously assessed by means of electroencephalography (EEG) and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). The former method excellently tracks fast processing mechanisms, whereas the latter reveals brain areas recruited. Results of the present study indicate that 18-month-olds recognize the linguistic properties of their native language based on phonotactics. This manifested in an increased N400 for legal compared to illegal pseudowords in the EEG conforming to adult-like mechanisms. Unfortunately, fNIRS findings did not support this discrimination ability. Possible methodological and brain maturational reasons might explain this null finding. This study provides evidence for the advantage of a multi-methodological approach in order to get a clear picture on neural language development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Steber
- ICONE - Innsbruck Cognitive Neuroscience, Department for Hearing, Speech, and Voice Disorders, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria; Department of Psychology, University of Innsbruck, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Sonja Rossi
- ICONE - Innsbruck Cognitive Neuroscience, Department for Hearing, Speech, and Voice Disorders, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
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29
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Rosenbaum D, Leehr EJ, Rubel J, Maier MJ, Pagliaro V, Deutsch K, Hudak J, Metzger FG, Fallgatter AJ, Ehlis AC. Cortical oxygenation during exposure therapy - in situ fNIRS measurements in arachnophobia. Neuroimage Clin 2020; 26:102219. [PMID: 32135488 PMCID: PMC7052440 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2020.102219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This is the first study that assessed cortical hemodynamic reactions during exposure therapy in situ. During exposure patients showed increased activity in the cognitive control network (CCN) compared to a control condition. CCN activity deceased during the session. Further, CCN activity was associated with fear ratings at the beginning of the session and this relationship decreased from session to session.
Exposure therapy is a well-studied and highly efficacious treatment for phobic disorders. Although the neurobiological model of fear is well underpinned by various studies, the mechanisms of exposure therapy are still under discussion. Partly, this is due to the fact that most neurophysiological methods like fMRI are not able to be used in the natural therapeutic settings. The current study used in situ measurements of cortical blood oxygenation (O2Hb) during exposure therapy by means of functional near-infrared spectroscopy. 37 subjects (N = 30 completers) underwent exposure therapy during 5 adapted sessions in which subjects were exposed to Tegenaria Domestica (domestic house spider – experimental condition) and Dendrobaena Veneta/ Eisenaia hortensis (red earthworm – control condition). Compared to the control condition, patients showed higher O2Hb levels in the anticipation and exposure phase of spider exposure in areas of the cognitive control network (CCN). Further, significant decreases in O2Hb were observed during the session accompanied by reductions in fear related symptoms. However, while symptoms decreased in a linear quadratic manner, with higher reductions in the beginning of the session, CCN activity decreased linearly. Further, higher anxiety at the beginning of session one was associated with increased O2Hb in the CCN. This association decreased within the following sessions. The current study sheds light on the neuronal mechanisms of exposure therapy. The results are discussed in light of a phase model of exposure therapy that posits a role of cognitive control in the beginning and routine learning at the end of the therapy session.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Rosenbaum
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany.
| | | | - Julian Rubel
- Psychotherapy Research Lab, Psychology and Sport Sciences, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Moritz J Maier
- Fraunhofer IAO
- Center for Responsible Research and Innovation, Berlin, Germany
| | - Valeria Pagliaro
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Kira Deutsch
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Justin Hudak
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany; Center on Mindfulness and Integrative Health Intervention Development, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, United States
| | - Florian G Metzger
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Andreas J Fallgatter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany; LEAD Graduate School & Research Network, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Ann-Christine Ehlis
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany; LEAD Graduate School & Research Network, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
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Cicalese PA, Li R, Ahmadi MB, Wang C, Francis JT, Selvaraj S, Schulz PE, Zhang Y. An EEG-fNIRS hybridization technique in the four-class classification of alzheimer's disease. J Neurosci Methods 2020; 336:108618. [PMID: 32045572 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2020.108618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Revised: 01/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is projected to become one of the most expensive diseases in modern history, and yet diagnostic uncertainties exist that can only be confirmed by postmortem brain examination. Machine Learning (ML) algorithms have been proposed as a feasible alternative to the diagnosis of several neurological diseases and disorders, such as AD. An ideal ML-derived diagnosis should be inexpensive and noninvasive while retaining the accuracy and versatility that make ML techniques desirable for medical applications. NEW METHODS Two portable modalities, Electroencephalography (EEG) and functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) have been widely employed in constructing hybrid classification models to compensate for each other's weaknesses. In this study, we present a hybrid EEG-fNIRS model for classifying four classes of subjects including one healthy control (HC) group, one mild cognitive impairment (MCI) group, and, two AD patient groups. A concurrent EEG-fNIRS setup was used to record data from 29 subjects during a random digit encoding-retrieval task. EEG-derived and fNIRS-derived features were sorted using a Pearson correlation coefficient-based feature selection (PCCFS) strategy and then fed into a linear discriminant analysis (LDA) classifier to evaluate their performance. RESULTS The hybrid EEG-fNIRS feature set was able to achieve a higher accuracy (79.31 %) by integrating their complementary properties, compared to using EEG (65.52 %) or fNIRS alone (58.62 %). Moreover, our results indicate that the right prefrontal and left parietal regions are associated with the progression of AD. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHODS Our hybrid and portable system provided enhanced classification performance in multi-class classification of AD population. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that hybrid EEG-fNIRS systems are a promising tool that may enhance the AD diagnosis and assessment process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pietro A Cicalese
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, USA
| | - Rihui Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, USA
| | - Mohammad B Ahmadi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, USA
| | - Chushan Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Work Injury Rehabilitation Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Joseph T Francis
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, USA
| | | | - Paul E Schulz
- University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, USA
| | - Yingchun Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, USA.
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31
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Polskaia N, St-Amant G, Fraser S, Lajoie Y. A functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) examination of how self-initiated sequential movements become automatic. Exp Brain Res 2020; 238:657-666. [PMID: 32030471 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-020-05742-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The neural mechanisms underlying movement automaticity have been investigated using PET and fMRI and more recently functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). As fNIRS is an emerging technique, the objective of the present study was to replicate the functional magnetic resonance imaging-related motor sequence findings as reported by Wu et al. (J Neurophysiol 91:1690-1698, https://doi.org/10.1152/jn.01052.2003, 2004) using fNIRS. Seventeen right-handed participants practiced self-initiated sequential finger movements of two lengths (4 and 12) until a level of automaticity was achieved. Automaticity was evaluated by performing a visual-letter-counting task concurrently with the sequential finger movements. Our data were unable to replicate the pre-to-post-practice decrease in cortical activity in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex for both motor sequence tasks. The findings did reveal increased contribution from the right hemisphere following learning. The observed lateralization is suggestive of explicit learning and the involvement of working memory in motor sequence production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Polskaia
- School of Human Kinetics, Faculty of Health Science, University of Ottawa, 125 University Avenue, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Gabrielle St-Amant
- School of Human Kinetics, Faculty of Health Science, University of Ottawa, 125 University Avenue, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Sarah Fraser
- Faculty of Health Science, Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Yves Lajoie
- School of Human Kinetics, Faculty of Health Science, University of Ottawa, 125 University Avenue, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada.
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32
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Khoe HCH, Low JW, Wijerathne S, Ann LS, Salgaonkar H, Lomanto D, Choi J, Baek J, Tam WW, Pei H, Ho RCM. Use of prefrontal cortex activity as a measure of learning curve in surgical novices: results of a single blind randomised controlled trial. Surg Endosc 2020; 34:5604-15. [PMID: 31953730 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-019-07331-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurobiological feedback in surgical training could translate to better educational outcomes such as measures of learning curve. This work examined the variation in brain activation of medical students when performing laparoscopic tasks before and after a training workshop, using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). METHODS AND PROCEDURES This single blind randomised controlled trial examined the prefrontal cortex activity (PFCA) differences in two groups of novice medical students during the acquisition of four laparoscopic tasks. Both groups were shown a basic tutorial video, with the "Trained-group" receiving an additional standardised one-to-one training on the tasks. The PFCA was measured pre- and post-intervention using a portable fNIRS device and reported as mean total oxygenated hemoglobin (HbOµm). Primary outcome of the study is the difference in HbOµm between post- and pre-intervention readings for each of the four laparoscopic tasks. The pre- and post-intervention laparoscopic tasks were recorded and assessed by two blinded individual assessors for objective scores of the performance. RESULTS 16 Trained and 16 Untrained, right-handed medical students with an equal sex distribution and comparable age distribution were recruited. Trained group had an attenuated left PFCA in the "Precision cutting" (p = 0.007) task compared to the Untrained group. Subgroup analysis by sex revealed attenuation in left PFCA in Trained females compared to Untrained females across two laparoscopic tasks: "Peg transfer" (p = 0.005) and "Precision cutting" (p = 0.003). No significant PFCA attenuation was found in male students who underwent training compared to Untrained males. CONCLUSION A standardised laparoscopic training workshop promoted greater PFCA attenuation in female medical students compared to males. This suggests that female and male students respond differently to the same instructional approach. Implications include a greater focus on one-to-one surgical training for female students and use of PFCA attenuation as a form of neurobiological feedback in surgical training.
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33
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Quiñones-Camacho LE, Fishburn FA, Camacho MC, Wakschlag LS, Perlman SB. Cognitive flexibility-related prefrontal activation in preschoolers: A biological approach to temperamental effortful control. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2019; 38:100651. [PMID: 31154272 PMCID: PMC6969345 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2019.100651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Individual differences in temperament have been theorized to be supported by differential recruitment of key neural regions, resulting in the distinct patterns of behavior observed throughout life. Although a compelling model, its rigorous and systematic testing is lacking, particularly within the heightened neuroplasticity of early childhood. The current study tested a model of the link between temperament, the brain, and behavior for cognitive flexibility in a sample of 4-5-year-old children (N = 123) using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to assess prefrontal cortex (PFC) activation. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was used to explore the link between survey reports of temperamental effortful control, and both performance-based and neuroimaging measures of cognitive flexibility. Results indicated that greater parent-reported temperamental effortful control was associated with better performance on a cognitive flexibility task, and less activation of the DLPFC in preschoolers. These findings support the theorized model of the interrelatedness between temperamental tendencies, behavior, and brain activation and suggest that better temperamentally regulated children use the DLPFC more efficiently for cognitive flexibility.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Frank A Fishburn
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Psychiatry, United States
| | | | - Lauren S Wakschlag
- Northwestern University, Department of Medical Social Sciences Feinberg School of Medicine and the Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, United States
| | - Susan B Perlman
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Psychiatry, United States; University of Pittsburgh, Center for Neuroscience, United States
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Rosas-Romero R, Guevara E, Peng K, Nguyen DK, Lesage F, Pouliot P, Lima-Saad WE. Prediction of epileptic seizures with convolutional neural networks and functional near-infrared spectroscopy signals. Comput Biol Med 2019; 111:103355. [PMID: 31323603 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2019.103355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
There have been different efforts to predict epileptic seizures and most of them are based on the analysis of electroencephalography (EEG) signals; however, recent publications have suggested that functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS), a relatively new technique, could be used to predict seizures. The objectives of this research are to show that the application of fNIRS to epileptic seizure detection yields results that are superior to those based on EEG and to demonstrate that the application of deep learning to this problem is suitable given the nature of fNIRS recordings. A Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) is applied to the prediction of epileptic seizures from fNIRS signals, an optical modality for recording brain waves. The implementation of the proposed method is presented in this work. Application of CNN to fNIRS recordings showed an accuracy ranging between 96.9% and 100%, sensitivity between 95.24% and 100%, specificity between 98.57% and 100%, a positive predictive value between 98.52% and 100%, and a negative predictive value between 95.39% and 100%. The most important aspect of this research is the combination of fNIRS signals with the particular CNN algorithm. The fNIRS modality has not been used in epileptic seizure prediction. A CNN is suitable for this application because fNIRS recordings are high dimensional data and they can be modeled as three-dimensional tensors for classification.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Edgar Guevara
- CONACYT - Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Ke Peng
- École Polytechnique de Montréal, Canada
| | | | - Frédéric Lesage
- École Polytechnique de Montréal, Canada; Montreal Heart Institute, Canada
| | - Philippe Pouliot
- École Polytechnique de Montréal, Canada; Montreal Heart Institute, Canada
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Curtin A, Ayaz H, Tang Y, Sun J, Wang J, Tong S. Enhancing neural efficiency of cognitive processing speed via training and neurostimulation: An fNIRS and TMS study. Neuroimage 2019; 198:73-82. [PMID: 31078636 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Speed of Processing (SoP) represents a fundamental limiting step in cognitive performance which may underlie General Intelligence. The measure of SoP is particularly sensitive to aging, neurological or cognitive diseases, and has become a benchmark for diagnosis, cognitive remediation, and enhancement. Neural efficiency of the Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex (DLPFC) is proposed to account for individual differences in SoP. However, the mechanisms by which DLPFC efficiency is shaped by training and whether it can be enhanced remain elusive. To address this, we monitored the brain activity of sixteen healthy participants using functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) while practicing a common SoP task (Symbol Digit Substitution Task) across 4 sessions. Furthermore, in each session, participants received counterbalanced excitatory repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) during mid-session breaks. Results indicate a significant involvement of the left-DLPFC in SoP, whose neural efficiency is consistently increased through task practice. Active neurostimulation, but not Sham, significantly enhanced the neural efficiency. These findings suggest a common mechanism by which neurostimulation may aid to accelerate learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Curtin
- Drexel University, School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai, China
| | - Hasan Ayaz
- Drexel University, School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Philadelphia, PA, USA; University of Pennsylvania, Department of Family and Community Health, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Center for Injury Research and Prevention, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Yingying Tang
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Junfeng Sun
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai, China
| | - Jijun Wang
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shanbao Tong
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai, China.
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Jin L, Jia H, Li H, Yu D. Differences in brain signal complexity between experts and novices when solving conceptual science problem: a functional near-infrared spectroscopy study. Neurosci Lett 2019; 699:172-176. [PMID: 30753910 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2019.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Assessing the result of conceptual change (i.e., whether an individual has come to correctly understand a science concept) is important in science education, however traditional assessment methods lack objectivity. In this study, permutation entropy (PE) based complexity, a kind of entropy used to quantify the complexity describing the uncertainty of time series, was explored by the functional near-infrared spectroscopy to seek an objective neurobiological indicator for this assessment. Two groups of participants, engineering students (classified as "experts") and humanities students (classified as "novices"), were tested on their conceptions to discriminate the speed of cars according to the animation, while the hemodynamic response was recorded over their inferior frontal gyrus (IFG). The activation analysis, PE based complexity analysis, and k-means clustering analysis were conducted. The results indicated that experts performed the task better than novices in behavioral performances, and PE values in the IFG were smaller for experts, especially in the right IFG. Furthermore, the k-means clustering analysis showed that the PE could be a feature to classify the students into two groups. It is concluded that the PE is a promising neurobiological indicator for assessment of this kind.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laipeng Jin
- Key Laboratory of Child Development and Learning Science (Ministry of Education), Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China; Research Center for Learning Science, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China; School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Huibin Jia
- Key Laboratory of Child Development and Learning Science (Ministry of Education), Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China; Research Center for Learning Science, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China; School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Huayun Li
- Key Laboratory of Child Development and Learning Science (Ministry of Education), Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China; Research Center for Learning Science, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China; School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Dongchuan Yu
- Key Laboratory of Child Development and Learning Science (Ministry of Education), Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China; Research Center for Learning Science, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China; School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China.
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Chevalier N, Jackson J, Revueltas Roux A, Moriguchi Y, Auyeung B. Differentiation in prefrontal cortex recruitment during childhood: Evidence from cognitive control demands and social contexts. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2019; 36:100629. [PMID: 30913498 PMCID: PMC6969260 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2019.100629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Using fNIRS, we examined how children recruit PFC while engaging cognitive control. Activation increased with cognitive control demands more in left than right PFC. It was higher in left PFC in competitive than cooperative contexts, and in right PFC in cooperative and neutral compared to competitive contexts. Older children showed greater variations in PFC activation than younger children. Cognitive control is supported by more differentiated PFC recruitment with age.
Emerging cognitive control during childhood is largely supported by the development of distributed neural networks in which the prefrontal cortex (PFC) is central. The present study used fNIRS to examine how PFC is recruited to support cognitive control in 5–6 and 8-9-year-old children, by (a) progressively increasing cognitive control demands within the same task, and (b) manipulating the social context in which the task was performed (neutral, cooperative, or competitive), a factor that has been shown to influence cognitive control. Activation increased more in left than right PFC with cognitive control demands, a pattern which was more pronounced in older than younger children. In addition, activation was higher in left PFC in competitive than cooperative contexts, and higher in right PFC in cooperative and neutral than competitive contexts. These findings suggest that increasingly efficient cognitive control during childhood is supported by more differentiated recruitment of PFC as a function of cognitive control demands with age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Chevalier
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK.
| | - Judith Jackson
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Alexia Revueltas Roux
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Yusuke Moriguchi
- Graduate School of Education, Kyoto University, Yoshidahoncho, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Bonnie Auyeung
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK
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Marusic U, Taube W, Morrison SA, Biasutti L, Grassi B, De Pauw K, Meeusen R, Pisot R, Ruffieux J. Aging effects on prefrontal cortex oxygenation in a posture-cognition dual-task: an fNIRS pilot study. Eur Rev Aging Phys Act 2019; 16:2. [PMID: 30655911 PMCID: PMC6329111 DOI: 10.1186/s11556-018-0209-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aging process alters upright posture and locomotion control from an automatically processed to a more cortically controlled one. The present study investigated a postural-cognitive dual-task paradigm in young and older adults using functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS). Methods Twenty healthy participants (10 older adults 72 ± 3 y, 10 young adults 23 ± 3 y) performed a cognitive (serial subtractions) and a postural task (tandem stance) as single-tasks (ST) and concurrently as a dual-task (DT) while the oxygenation levels of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) were measured. Results In the cognitive task, young adults performed better than older adults in both conditions (ST and DT) and could further increase the number of correct answers from ST to DT (all ps ≤ 0.027) while no change was found for older adults. No significant effects were found for the postural performance. Cerebral oxygenation values (O2Hb) increased significantly from baseline to the postural ST (p = 0.033), and from baseline to the DT (p = 0.031) whereas no changes were found in deoxygenated hemoglobin (HHb). Finally, the perceived exertion differed between all conditions (p ≤ 0.003) except for the postural ST and the DT (p = 0.204). Conclusions There was a general lack of age-related changes except the better cognitive performance under motor-cognitive conditions in young compared to older adults. However, the current results point out that DLPFC is influenced more strongly by postural than cognitive load. Future studies should assess the different modalities of cognitive as well as postural load.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uros Marusic
- Institute for Kinesiology Research, Science and Research Centre Koper, Garibaldijeva 1, Koper, Slovenia.,2Department of Health Sciences, Alma Mater Europaea - ECM, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Wolfgang Taube
- 3Department of Neurosciences and Movement Sciences, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Shawnda A Morrison
- 4Department of kinesiology and physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Primorska, Izola, Slovenia
| | - Lea Biasutti
- 5Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, Udine University, Udine, Italy
| | - Bruno Grassi
- 5Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, Udine University, Udine, Italy
| | - Kevin De Pauw
- 6Research Group Human Physiology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Romain Meeusen
- 6Research Group Human Physiology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Rado Pisot
- Institute for Kinesiology Research, Science and Research Centre Koper, Garibaldijeva 1, Koper, Slovenia.,7Faculty of sport, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Jan Ruffieux
- 3Department of Neurosciences and Movement Sciences, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
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Fishburn FA, Hlutkowsky CO, Bemis LM, Huppert TJ, Wakschlag LS, Perlman SB. Irritability uniquely predicts prefrontal cortex activation during preschool inhibitory control among all temperament domains: A LASSO approach. Neuroimage 2019; 184:68-77. [PMID: 30213776 PMCID: PMC6230482 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Revised: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Temperament, defined as individual variation in the reactivity and regulation of emotional, motor, and attentional processes, has been shown to influence emotional and cognitive development during the preschool period (ages 4-5). While relationships between temperament and neural activity have been investigated previously, these have typically investigated individual temperament dimensions selected ad hoc. Since significant correlations exist between various temperament dimensions, it remains unclear whether these findings would replicate while analyzing all temperament dimensions simultaneously. Using functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), 4-5-year-old children (N = 118) were administered a Go/No-Go task to assess prefrontal cortex activation during inhibitory control. The relationship between PFC activation and all 15 temperament domains defined by the Children's Behavior Questionnaire (CBQ) was assessed using automatic feature selection via LASSO regression. Results indicate that only the Anger/Frustration dimension was predictive of activation during the inhibitory control task. These findings support previous work showing relationships between irritability and prefrontal activation during executive function and extend those findings by demonstrating the specificity of the activation-irritability relationship among temperament dimensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank A Fishburn
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Psychiatry, United States.
| | | | - Lisa M Bemis
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Psychiatry, United States
| | | | - Lauren S Wakschlag
- Northwestern University, Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, United States; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Medical Social Sciences, United States
| | - Susan B Perlman
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Psychiatry, United States
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40
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Abstract
The study presents a recursive least-squares estimation method with an exponential forgetting factor for noise removal in functional near-infrared spectroscopy data and extraction of hemodynamic responses (HRs) from the measured data. The HR is modeled as a linear regression form in which the expected HR, the first and second derivatives of the expected HR, a short-separation measurement data, three physiological noises, and the baseline drift are included as components in the regression vector. The proposed method is applied to left-motor-cortex experiments on the right thumb and little finger movements in five healthy male participants. The algorithm is evaluated with respect to its performance improvement in terms of contrast-to-noise ratio in comparison with Kalman filter, low-pass filtering, and independent component method. The experimental results show that the proposed model achieves reductions of 77% and 99% in terms of the number of channels exhibiting higher contrast-to-noise ratios in oxy-hemoglobin and deoxy-hemoglobin, respectively. The approach is robust in obtaining consistent HR data. The proposed method is applied for both offline and online noise removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoang-Dung Nguyen
- Department of Automation Technology, Can Tho University, Can Tho, 900000, Vietnam
| | - So-Hyeon Yoo
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - M Raheel Bhutta
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Keum-Shik Hong
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea.
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Li Y, Chen R, Zhang S, Turel O, Bechara A, Feng T, Chen H, He Q. Hemispheric mPFC asymmetry in decision making under ambiguity and risk: An fNIRS study. Behav Brain Res 2018; 359:657-663. [PMID: 30287272 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2018.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/30/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) is a commonly used task for testing decision-making under ambiguity (the early stage) and risk (the late stage). However, differences between the temporal dynamic signals underlying these two types of decision-making as well as the hemispheric specificity of decision making during the IGT remain unknown. The present study sought to address this gap by focusing on the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), which plays an important role in decision-making across life domains. We used functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) with high spatial and temporal resolution and measured oxy-hemoglobin concentration within the mPFC in 25 healthy participants who performed the IGT. Results showed that there are different activations of the right and left hemispheres of the mPFC during the different stages of IGT and types of decisions. This implies that the left and right mPFC can have different patterns of involvement in decision making, at least in IGT decisions, including making good (low risk) and bad (high risk) choices, under ambiguity and under risk conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhua Li
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China; Faculty of Education, Guangxi Normal University, Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Applied Psychology, Guilin, Guangxi, China
| | - Rui Chen
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shuyue Zhang
- Faculty of Education, Guangxi Normal University, Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Applied Psychology, Guilin, Guangxi, China.
| | - Ofir Turel
- Brain and Creativity Institute and Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Information Systems and Decision Sciences, California State University, Fullerton, CA, United States
| | - Antoine Bechara
- Brain and Creativity Institute and Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Tingyong Feng
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing, China.
| | - Qinghua He
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing, China; Southwest University Branch, Collaborative Innovation Center of Assessment toward Basic Education Quality, Chongqing, China.
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Zafar A, Hong KS. Neuronal Activation Detection Using Vector Phase Analysis with Dual Threshold Circles: A Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Study. Int J Neural Syst 2018; 28:1850031. [PMID: 30045647 DOI: 10.1142/s0129065718500314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, a new vector phase diagram differentiating the initial decreasing phase (i.e. initial dip) and the delayed hemodynamic response (HR) phase of oxy-hemoglobin changes ( Δ HbO) of functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is developed. The vector phase diagram displays the trajectories of Δ HbO and deoxy-hemoglobin changes ( Δ HbR), as orthogonal components, in the Δ HbO- Δ HbR polar coordinates. To determine the occurrence of an initial dip, dual threshold circles (an inner circle from the resting state, an outer circle from the peak values of the initial dip and the main HR) are incorporated into the phase diagram for making decisions. The proposed scheme is then applied to a brain-computer interface scheme, and its performance is evaluated in classifying two finger tapping tasks (right-hand thumb and little finger) from the left motor cortex. Three gamma functions are used to model the initial dip, the main HR, and the undershoot in generating the designed HR function. In classifying two tapping tasks, the signal mean and signal minimum values during 0-2.5 s, as features of initial dip, are used. The linear discriminant analysis was utilized as a classifier. The experimental results show that the active brain locations of the two tasks were quite distinctive ( p < 0.05 ), and moreover, spatially specific if using the initial dip map at 4 s in comparison to the map of HRs at 14 s. Also, the average classification accuracy was improved from 59% to 74.9% when using the phase diagram of dual threshold circles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amad Zafar
- 1 School of Mechanical Engineering, Pusan National University, 2 Busandaehak-ro, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Keum-Shik Hong
- 1 School of Mechanical Engineering, Pusan National University, 2 Busandaehak-ro, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Korea
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Rosenbaum D, Maier MJ, Hudak J, Metzger FG, Wells A, Fallgatter AJ, Ehlis AC. Neurophysiological correlates of the attention training technique: A component study. Neuroimage Clin 2018; 19:1018-1024. [PMID: 30003039 PMCID: PMC6039840 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2018.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In the current study, we investigate the neuronal correlates of the Attention Training Technique (ATT), a psychotherapeutic intervention used in metacognitive therapy to enhance flexible cognitive control and ameliorate rumination. We adapted the ATT in a neuroscientific attention paradigm in order to investigate the effects of its components: selective attention, attention switching and divided attention in comparison to a control task. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy was used to measure changes in blood oxygenation of fronto-lateral and parietal cortical areas. Furthermore, subjects rated their task performance, effort and attention drifts in each task condition. We observed increased blood oxygenation in the right inferior frontal gyrus, right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and superior parietal lobule during the ATT conditions in comparison to the control condition. Additionally, subjective effort was associated with blood oxygenation in the right inferior prefrontal cortex. Our results are consistent with the theoretical underpinnings of the ATT suggesting that the ATT's mechanism of change lies in the training of areas of the cognitive control network and dorsal attention network. Aberrant functioning of both networks has been shown to be related to depression and rumination. The neurophysiological underpinnings of the Attention Training Technique (ATT) were investigated in an experimental design. The ATT requires activation of brain areas in the cognitive control network (CCN) and dorsal attention network (DAN). We observed increased blood oxygenation in the right IFG, dlPFC and superior parietal lobule during the ATT. Subjective effort during the ATT was associated with blood oxygenation in the IFG. The ATT might influence depressive rumination through the training of the CCN and DAN.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Rosenbaum
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany.
| | - Moritz J Maier
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Justin Hudak
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Florian G Metzger
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany; Geriatric Center, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Adrian Wells
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Andreas J Fallgatter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany; Center of Integrative Neuroscience (CIN), Cluster of Excellence, University of Tuebingen, Germany; LEAD Graduate School & Research Network, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Ann-Christine Ehlis
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany; LEAD Graduate School & Research Network, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
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Artemenko C, Soltanlou M, Ehlis AC, Nuerk HC, Dresler T. The neural correlates of mental arithmetic in adolescents: a longitudinal fNIRS study. Behav Brain Funct 2018; 14:5. [PMID: 29524965 PMCID: PMC5845230 DOI: 10.1186/s12993-018-0137-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arithmetic processing in adults is known to rely on a frontal-parietal network. However, neurocognitive research focusing on the neural and behavioral correlates of arithmetic development has been scarce, even though the acquisition of arithmetic skills is accompanied by changes within the fronto-parietal network of the developing brain. Furthermore, experimental procedures are typically adjusted to constraints of functional magnetic resonance imaging, which may not reflect natural settings in which children and adolescents actually perform arithmetic. Therefore, we investigated the longitudinal neurocognitive development of processes involved in performing the four basic arithmetic operations in 19 adolescents. By using functional near-infrared spectroscopy, we were able to use an ecologically valid task, i.e., a written production paradigm. RESULTS A common pattern of activation in the bilateral fronto-parietal network for arithmetic processing was found for all basic arithmetic operations. Moreover, evidence was obtained for decreasing activation during subtraction over the course of 1 year in middle and inferior frontal gyri, and increased activation during addition and multiplication in angular and middle temporal gyri. In the self-paced block design, parietal activation in multiplication and left angular and temporal activation in addition were observed to be higher for simple than for complex blocks, reflecting an inverse effect of arithmetic complexity. CONCLUSIONS In general, the findings suggest that the brain network for arithmetic processing is already established in 12-14 year-old adolescents, but still undergoes developmental changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Artemenko
- LEAD Graduate School & Research Network, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- Department of Psychology, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Mojtaba Soltanlou
- Department of Psychology, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- Graduate Training Centre of Neuroscience/IMPRS for Cognitive and Systems Neuroscience, Tuebingen, Germany
- Leibniz-Institut für Wissensmedien, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Ann-Christine Ehlis
- LEAD Graduate School & Research Network, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Hans-Christoph Nuerk
- LEAD Graduate School & Research Network, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- Department of Psychology, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- Leibniz-Institut für Wissensmedien, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Thomas Dresler
- LEAD Graduate School & Research Network, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
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Rosenbaum D, Thomas M, Hilsendegen P, Metzger FG, Haeussinger FB, Nuerk HC, Fallgatter AJ, Nieratschker V, Ehlis AC. Stress-related dysfunction of the right inferior frontal cortex in high ruminators: An fNIRS study. Neuroimage Clin 2018; 18:510-517. [PMID: 29560307 PMCID: PMC5857918 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2018.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Revised: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Repetitive thinking styles such as rumination are considered to be a key factor in the development and maintenance of mental disorders. Different situational triggers (e.g., social stressors) have been shown to elicit rumination in subjects exhibiting such habitual thinking styles. At the same time, the process of rumination influences the adaption to stressful situations. The study at hand aims to investigate the effect of trait rumination on neuronal activation patterns during the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST) as well as the physiological and affective adaptation to this high-stress situation. Methods A sample of 23 high and 22 low ruminators underwent the TSST and two control conditions while their cortical hemodynamic reactions were measured with functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Additional behavioral, physiological and endocrinological measures of the stress response were assessed. Results Subjects showed a linear increase from non-stressful control conditions to the TSST in cortical activity of the cognitive control network (CCN) and dorsal attention network (DAN), comprising the bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC), inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and superior parietal cortex/somatosensory association cortex (SAC). During stress, high ruminators showed attenuated cortical activity in the right IFG, whereby deficits in IFG activation mediated group differences in post-stress state rumination and negative affect. Conclusions Aberrant activation of the CCN and DAN during social stress likely reflects deficits in inhibition and attention with corresponding negative emotional and cognitive consequences. The results shed light on possible neuronal underpinnings by which high trait rumination may act as a risk factor for the development of clinical syndromes. This is the first study that assessed cortical activity during the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST) in low and high ruminators High trait ruminators were more strongly affected by the TSST on negative affect, state-rumination and cortical activation During the TSST, a significant increase of cortical activity was observed in parts of the cognitive control network High ruminators showed impairments in the activation of the right inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) during stress IFG reactivity mediated effects of group membership on post-stress negative affect and state rumination
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Affiliation(s)
- David Rosenbaum
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany.
| | - Mara Thomas
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Paula Hilsendegen
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Florian G Metzger
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany; Geriatric Center, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Florian B Haeussinger
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Hans-Christoph Nuerk
- Department of Psychology, University of Tuebingen, Germany; LEAD Graduate School and Research Network, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany; Leibniz-Institut für Wissensmedien, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Andreas J Fallgatter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany; Center of Integrative Neuroscience (CIN), Cluster of Excellence, University of Tuebingen, Germany; LEAD Graduate School and Research Network, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Vanessa Nieratschker
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany; Center of Integrative Neuroscience (CIN), Cluster of Excellence, University of Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Ann-Christine Ehlis
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany; LEAD Graduate School and Research Network, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
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Wriessnegger SC, Kirchmeyr D, Bauernfeind G, Müller-Putz GR. Force related hemodynamic responses during execution and imagery of a hand grip task: A functional near infrared spectroscopy study. Brain Cogn 2017; 117:108-116. [PMID: 28673464 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2017.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Revised: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
We examined force related hemodynamic changes during the performance of a motor execution (ME) and motor imagery (MI) task by means of multichannel functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). The hemodynamic responses of fourteen healthy participants were measured while they performed a hand grip execution or imagery task with low and high grip forces. We found an overall higher increase of [oxy-Hb] concentration changes during ME for both grip forces but with a delayed peak maximum for the lower grip force. During the MI task with lower grip force, the [oxy-Hb] level increases are stronger compared to the MI with higher grip force. The facilitation in performing MI with higher grip strength might thus indicate less inhibition of the actual motor act which could also explain the later increase onset of [oxy-Hb] in the ME task with the lower grip force. Our results suggest that execution and imagery of a hand grip task with high and low grip forces, leads to different cortical activation patterns. Since impaired control of grip forces during object manipulation in particular is one aspect of fine motor control deficits after stroke, our study will contribute to future rehabilitation programs enhancing patient's grip force control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selina C Wriessnegger
- Institute of Neural Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 16/IV, 8010 Graz, Austria.
| | - Daniela Kirchmeyr
- Institute of Neural Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 16/IV, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Günther Bauernfeind
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hannover Medical School, Carl Neuberg Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; Cluster of Excellence "Hearing4all", Hannover, Germany
| | - Gernot R Müller-Putz
- Institute of Neural Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 16/IV, 8010 Graz, Austria
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47
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Lin CC, Barker JW, Sparto PJ, Furman JM, Huppert TJ. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) brain imaging of multi-sensory integration during computerized dynamic posturography in middle-aged and older adults. Exp Brain Res 2017; 235:1247-1256. [PMID: 28197672 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-017-4893-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Studies suggest that aging affects the sensory re-weighting process, but the neuroimaging evidence is minimal. Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a novel neuroimaging tool that can detect brain activities during dynamic movement condition. In this study, fNIRS was used to investigate the hemodynamic changes in the frontal-lateral, temporal-parietal, and occipital regions of interest (ROIs) during four sensory integration conditions that manipulated visual and somatosensory feedback in 15 middle-aged and 15 older adults. The results showed that the temporal-parietal ROI was activated more when somatosensory and visual information were absent in both groups, which indicated the sole use of vestibular input for maintaining balance. While both older adults and middle-aged adults had greater activity in most brain ROIs during changes in the sensory conditions, the older adults had greater increases in the occipital ROI and frontal-lateral ROIs. These findings suggest a cortical component to sensory re-weighting that is more distributed and requires greater attention in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Cheng Lin
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. .,Department of Physical Therapy, East Carolina University, Health Sciences Building, 2405D, Mail Stop 668, Greenville, NC, 27834, USA.
| | - Jeffrey W Barker
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Patrick J Sparto
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Joseph M Furman
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Vega R, Hernandez-Reynoso AG, Linn EK, Fuentes-Aguilar RQ, Sanchez-Ante G, Santos-Garcia A, Garcia-Gonzalez A. Hemodynamic Pattern Recognition During Deception Process Using Functional Near-infrared Spectroscopy. J Med Biol Eng 2016; 36:22-31. [PMID: 27065764 DOI: 10.1007/s40846-016-0103-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2014] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Deception is considered a psychological process by which one individual deliberately attempts to convince another person to accept as true what the liar knows to be false. This paper presents the use of functional near-infrared spectroscopy for deception detection. This technique measures hemodynamic variations in the cortical regions induced by neural activations. The experimental setup involved a mock theft paradigm with ten subjects, where the subjects responded to a set of questions, with each of their answers belonging to one of three categories: Induced Lies, Induced Truths, and Non-Induced responses. The relative changes of the hemodynamic activity in the subject’s prefrontal cortex were recorded during the experiment. From this data, the changes in blood volume were derived and represented as false color topograms. Finally, a human evaluator used these topograms as a guide to classify each answer into one of the three categories. His performance was compared with that of a support vector machine (SVM) classifier in terms of accuracy, specificity, and sensitivity. The human evaluator achieved an accuracy of 84.33 % in a tri-class problem and 92 % in a bi-class problem (induced vs. non-induced responses). In comparison, the SVM classifier correctly classified 95.63 % of the answers in a tri-class problem using cross-validation for the selection of the best features. These results suggest a tradeoff between accuracy and computational burden. In other words, it is possible for an interviewer to classify each response by only looking at the topogram of the hemodynamic activity, but at the cost of reduced prediction accuracy.
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Iwashiro N, Koike S, Satomura Y, Suga M, Nagai T, Natsubori T, Tada M, Gonoi W, Takizawa R, Kunimatsu A, Yamasue H, Kasai K. Association between impaired brain activity and volume at the sub-region of Broca's area in ultra-high risk and first-episode schizophrenia: A multi-modal neuroimaging study. Schizophr Res 2016; 172:9-15. [PMID: 26873807 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2016.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Revised: 01/31/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have suggested that functional abnormalities in Broca's area, which is important in language production (speech and thoughts before speech), play an important role in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. While multi-modal approaches have proved useful in revealing the specific pathophysiology of psychosis, the association of functional abnormalities with gray matter volume (GMV) here in subjects with an ultra-high risk (UHR) of schizophrenia, those with first-episode schizophrenia (FES), and healthy controls has yet to be clarified. Therefore, the relationship between cortical activity measured using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) during a verbal fluency task, and GMV in the Broca's area assessed using a manual tracing in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which considers individual structural variation, was examined for 57 subjects (23 UHR/18 FES/16 controls). The UHR and FES group showed significantly reduced brain activity compared to control group in the left pars triangularis (PT) (P=.036, .003, respectively). Furthermore in the FES group, the reduced brain activity significantly positively correlated with the volume in the left PT (B=0.29, P=.027), while significant negative association was evident for all subjects (B=-0.18, P=.010). This correlation remained significant after adjusting for antipsychotics dosage, and voxel-wise analysis could not detect any significant correlation between impaired cortical activity and volume. The significant relationship between neural activity and GMV in the left PT may reflect a specific pathophysiology related to the onset of schizophrenia.
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Huang F, Hirano D, Shi Y, Taniguchi T. Comparison of cortical activation in an upper limb added-purpose task versus a single-purpose task: a near-infrared spectroscopy study. J Phys Ther Sci 2016; 27:3891-4. [PMID: 26834375 PMCID: PMC4713814 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.27.3891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to compare prefrontal activations during an
added-purpose task with those during a single-purpose task using functional near-infrared
spectroscopy. [Subjects] Six healthy right-handed adults were included in this study.
[Methods] The participants were instructed to complete both added-purpose and
single-purpose activities separately with each hand. The near-infrared spectroscopy probes
were placed on the scalp overlying the prefrontal cortex, according to the International
10–20 system (Fz). Changes in the oxygenated hemoglobin and deoxygenated hemoglobin
concentrations in the prefrontal cortex were measured during performance of the
activities. We then compared the number of activation channels with significant increase
in oxygenated hemoglobin, during added-purpose activity to single-purpose activity using
both hands separately. [Results] A greater number of widespread activations were observed
in the prefrontal cortex during the added-purpose task than during the single-purpose
task. These results were noted with both right and left hands. [Conclusion] According to
our findings, added-purpose activity can bring about more activation in the prefrontal
cortex, which may provide occupational therapists with effective guides in therapeutic
practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fubiao Huang
- Department of Occupational Therapy, China Rehabilitation Research Center, China; Faculty of Rehabilitation, Capital Medical University, China; Graduate School of Health and Welfare Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare, Japan; Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare, Japan
| | - Daisuke Hirano
- Graduate School of Health and Welfare Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare, Japan; Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare, Japan
| | - Yun Shi
- Department of Occupational Therapy, New York University, USA
| | - Takamichi Taniguchi
- Graduate School of Health and Welfare Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare, Japan; Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare, Japan
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