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Park SY, Kang HM, Park G, Oh JW, Choi YW. OGD/R-induced ferroptosis and pyroptosis in retinal pigment epithelium cells: Role of PLD1 and PLD2 modulation. Cell Biochem Funct 2023; 41:1162-1173. [PMID: 37691020 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the role of phospholipase D (PLD) in retinal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury using an oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) model commonly used in retinal I/R injury research. To create an in vitro cellular I/R model, pharmacological inhibitors and small interfering RNA (siRNA) were used to target PLD1 and PLD2 in retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells. Treatment with PLD inhibitors and siRNA reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) induced by OGD/R in RPE cells and increased the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH), indicating a reduction in oxidative damage and improvement in the antioxidant system. Next, we showed that inhibiting PLD1 or PLD2 reduced intracellular iron levels and lipid peroxidation, which are critical factors in ferroptosis. Additionally, PLD1 and PLD2 modulated the expression of proteins involved in the regulation of ferroptosis, including GPX4, SLC7A11, FTH1, and ACSL4. We also investigated the roles of PLD1 and PLD2 in preventing pyroptosis, another form of programmed cell death associated with inflammation. Our study found that OGD/R significantly increased the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and activated caspase-1, NLRP3, ASC, cleaved-caspase 1 (C-caspase-1), and GSDMD-N in RPE cells, indicating pyroptosis induction. However, PLD1 and PLD2 inhibition or knockdown significantly inhibited the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, Taken together, our findings support the hypothesis that the PLD signaling pathway plays a key role in OGD/R-induced ferroptosis and pyroptosis induction and may be a potential therapeutic target for preventing or treating retinal dysfunction and degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Young Park
- Bio-IT Fusion Technology Research Institute, Pusan National University, Geumjeong-gu, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - He Mi Kang
- Department of Horticultural Bioscience, Pusan National University, Miryang, Gyeongsangnam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Geuntae Park
- Department of Nanomaterials Engineering, Pusan National University, Geumjeong-gu, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Woo Oh
- Department of Nanomaterials Engineering, Pusan National University, Geumjeong-gu, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Whan Choi
- Bio-IT Fusion Technology Research Institute, Pusan National University, Geumjeong-gu, Busan, Republic of Korea
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2
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Park JS, Yang S, Song D, Kim SM, Choi J, Kang HY, Jeong HY, Han G, Min DS, Cho ML, Park SH. A newly developed PLD1 inhibitor ameliorates rheumatoid arthritis by regulating pathogenic T and B cells and inhibiting osteoclast differentiation. Immunol Lett 2023; 263:87-96. [PMID: 37722567 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2023.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Phospholipase D1 (PLD1), which catalyzes the hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine to phosphatidic acid and choline, plays multiple roles in inflammation. We investigated the therapeutic effects of the newly developed PLD1 inhibitors A2998, A3000, and A3773 in vitro and in vivo rheumatoid arthritis (RA) model. A3373 reduced the levels of LPS-induced TNF-α, IL-6, and IgG in murine splenocytes in vitro. A3373 also decreased the levels of IFN-γ and IL-17 and the frequencies of Th1, Th17 cells and germinal-center B cells, in splenocytes in vitro. A3373 ameliorated the severity of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) and suppressed infiltration of inflammatory cells into the joint tissues of mice with CIA compared with vehicle-treated mice. Moreover, A3373 prevented systemic bone demineralization in mice with CIA and suppressed osteoclast differentiation and the mRNA levels of osteoclastogenesis markers in vitro. These results suggest that A3373 has therapeutic potential for RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Sil Park
- The Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea; Lab of Translational ImmunoMedicine, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - SeungCheon Yang
- The Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea; Lab of Translational ImmunoMedicine, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Doona Song
- Graduate Program of Industrial Pharmaceutical Science, Yonsei University, Incheon 21983, Republic of Korea; Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Min Kim
- The Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea; Lab of Translational ImmunoMedicine, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - JeongWon Choi
- The Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea; Lab of Translational ImmunoMedicine, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Yeon Kang
- The Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea; Lab of Translational ImmunoMedicine, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Ha Yeon Jeong
- The Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea; Lab of Translational ImmunoMedicine, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyoonhee Han
- Graduate Program of Industrial Pharmaceutical Science, Yonsei University, Incheon 21983, Republic of Korea; Department of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Incheon 21983, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Sik Min
- Graduate Program of Industrial Pharmaceutical Science, Yonsei University, Incheon 21983, Republic of Korea; Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Incheon 21983, Republic of Korea.
| | - Mi-La Cho
- The Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea; Lab of Translational ImmunoMedicine, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea; Department of Medical Life Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sung-Hwan Park
- The Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea; Lab of Translational ImmunoMedicine, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea.
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3
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Parinandi NL, Liaugminas A, Oliver PJ, Varadharaj S, Yenigalla A, Elliott AC, Arutla S, Campbell SJ, Kotha SR, Sherwani SI, Kutala VK, McDaniel JC, Maddipati KR, Kuppusamy P, Hund TJ. Classic Phytochemical Antioxidant and Lipoxygenase Inhibitor, Nordihydroguaiaretic Acid, Activates Phospholipase D through Oxidant Signaling and Tyrosine Phosphorylation Leading to Cytotoxicity in Lung Vascular Endothelial Cells. Cell Biochem Biophys 2023:10.1007/s12013-023-01128-1. [PMID: 36820994 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-023-01128-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA), a dicatechol and phytochemical polyphenolic antioxidant and an established inhibitor of human arachidonic acid (AA) 5-lipoxygenase (LOX) and 15-LOX, is widely used to ascertain the role of LOXs in vascular endothelial cell (EC) function. As the modulatory effect of NDGA on phospholipase D (PLD), an important lipid signaling enzyme in ECs, thus far has not been reported, here we have investigated the modulation of PLD activity and its regulation by NDGA in the bovine pulmonary artery ECs (BPAECs). NDGA induced the activation of PLD (phosphatidic acid formation) in cells in a dose- and time-dependent fashion that was significantly attenuated by iron chelator and antioxidants. NDGA induced the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner as evidenced from fluorescence microscopy and fluorimetry of ROS and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy of oxygen radicals. Also, NDGA caused a dose-dependent loss of intracellular glutathione (GSH) in BPAECs. Protein tyrosine kinase (PTyK)-specific inhibitors significantly attenuated NDGA-induced PLD activation in BPAECs. NDGA also induced a dose- and time-dependent phosphorylation of tyrosine in proteins in cells. NDGA caused in situ translocation and relocalization of both PLD1 and PLD2 isoforms, in a time-dependent fashion. Cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitors were ineffective in attenuating NDGA-induced PLD activation in BPAECs, thus ruling out the activation of COXs by NDGA. NDGA inhibited the AA-LOX activity and leukotriene C4 (LTC4) formation in cells. On the other hand, the 5-LOX-specific inhibitors, 5, 8, 11, 14-eicosatetraynoic acid and kaempferol, were ineffective in activating PLD in BPAECs. Antioxidants and PTyK-specific inhibitors effectively attenuated NDGA cytotoxicity in BPAECs. The PLD-specific inhibitor, 5-fluoro-2-indolyl deschlorohalopemide (FIPI), significantly attenuated and protected against the NDGA-induced PLD activation and cytotoxicity in BPAECs. For the first time, these results demonstrated that NDGA, the classic phytochemical polyphenolic antioxidant and LOX inhibitor, activated PLD causing cytotoxicity in ECs through upstream oxidant signaling and protein tyrosine phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narasimham L Parinandi
- Lipid Signaling, Lipidomics, and Vasculotoxicity Laboratory, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine and Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
| | - Alex Liaugminas
- Lipid Signaling, Lipidomics, and Vasculotoxicity Laboratory, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine and Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Patrick J Oliver
- Lipid Signaling, Lipidomics, and Vasculotoxicity Laboratory, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine and Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Saradhadevi Varadharaj
- Lipid Signaling, Lipidomics, and Vasculotoxicity Laboratory, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine and Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Anita Yenigalla
- Lipid Signaling, Lipidomics, and Vasculotoxicity Laboratory, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine and Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Austin C Elliott
- Lipid Signaling, Lipidomics, and Vasculotoxicity Laboratory, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine and Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Sukruthi Arutla
- Lipid Signaling, Lipidomics, and Vasculotoxicity Laboratory, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine and Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Steven J Campbell
- Lipid Signaling, Lipidomics, and Vasculotoxicity Laboratory, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine and Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Sainath R Kotha
- Lipid Signaling, Lipidomics, and Vasculotoxicity Laboratory, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine and Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Shariq I Sherwani
- Lipid Signaling, Lipidomics, and Vasculotoxicity Laboratory, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine and Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Vijay K Kutala
- Lipid Signaling, Lipidomics, and Vasculotoxicity Laboratory, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine and Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Jodi C McDaniel
- Lipid Signaling, Lipidomics, and Vasculotoxicity Laboratory, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine and Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Krishna Rao Maddipati
- Department of Pathology and Lipidomics Core Facility, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Periannan Kuppusamy
- Department of Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, 03756, USA
| | - Thomas J Hund
- Lipid Signaling, Lipidomics, and Vasculotoxicity Laboratory, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine and Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
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Phospholipase D1 Attenuation Therapeutics Promotes Resilience against Synaptotoxicity in 12-Month-Old 3xTg-AD Mouse Model of Progressive Neurodegeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043372. [PMID: 36834781 PMCID: PMC9967100 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Abrogating synaptotoxicity in age-related neurodegenerative disorders is an extremely promising area of research with significant neurotherapeutic implications in tauopathies including Alzheimer's disease (AD). Our studies using human clinical samples and mouse models demonstrated that aberrantly elevated phospholipase D1 (PLD1) is associated with amyloid beta (Aβ) and tau-driven synaptic dysfunction and underlying memory deficits. While knocking out the lipolytic PLD1 gene is not detrimental to survival across species, elevated expression is implicated in cancer, cardiovascular conditions and neuropathologies, leading to the successful development of well-tolerated mammalian PLD isoform-specific small molecule inhibitors. Here, we address the importance of PLD1 attenuation, achieved using repeated 1 mg/kg of VU0155069 (VU01) intraperitoneally every alternate day for a month in 3xTg-AD mice beginning only from ~11 months of age (with greater influence of tau-driven insults) compared to age-matched vehicle (0.9% saline)-injected siblings. A multimodal approach involving behavior, electrophysiology and biochemistry corroborate the impact of this pre-clinical therapeutic intervention. VU01 proved efficacious in preventing in later stage AD-like cognitive decline affecting perirhinal cortex-, hippocampal- and amygdala-dependent behaviors. Glutamate-dependent HFS-LTP and LFS-LTD improved. Dendritic spine morphology showed the preservation of mushroom and filamentous spine characteristics. Differential PLD1 immunofluorescence and co-localization with Aβ were noted.
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5
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Nijmeh J, Levy BD. Lipid-Derived Mediators are Pivotal to Leukocyte and Lung Cell Responses in Sepsis and ARDS. Cell Biochem Biophys 2021; 79:449-459. [PMID: 34176102 PMCID: PMC8236093 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-021-01012-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Acute inflammation in the lung is essential for host defense against pathogens and other injuries but chronic or excessive inflammation can contribute to several common respiratory diseases. In health, the inflammatory response is controlled by several cellular and molecular mechanisms. In addition to anti-inflammatory processes, there are non-phlogistic pro-resolving mechanisms that are engaged to promote the resolution of inflammation and a return to homeostasis. Defects in the production or actions of specialized pro-resolving mediators are associated with diseases characterized by excess or chronic inflammation. In this article, we review cellular and biochemical mechanisms for specialized pro-resolving mediators in health and in sepsis and the acute respiratory distress syndrome as examples of unrestrained inflammatory responses that result in life-threatening pathology. We are honored to contribute to this special edition of the Journal to help celebrate Professor Viswanathan Natarajan's contributions to our understanding of lipid-derived mediators and metabolism in lung cell responses to inflammatory, infectious, or mechanical insults; his foundational discoveries in cell biochemistry and biophysics are continuing to catalyze further advances by the field to uncover the mechanistic underpinnings of important human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Nijmeh
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bruce D Levy
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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6
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Abd El-Baset SA, Abd El-Haleem MR, Abdul-Maksoud RS, Kattaia AAA. Mesna ameliorates acute lung injury induced by intestinal ischemia-reperfusion in rats. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13356. [PMID: 34172794 PMCID: PMC8233331 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-92653-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The lung is severely affected by intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (I-R) injury. Mesna, a thiol compound, possess anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. We aimed in the present work to explore the potential beneficial effects of Mesna on the acute lung damage mediated by intestinal I-R in a rat model. Forty male adult albino rats were randomly separated into; control, intestinal I-R, Mesna I and Mesna II groups. Mesna was administered by intraperitoneal injection at a dose of 100 mg/kg, 60 min before ischemia (Mesna I) and after reperfusion (Mesna II). Arterial blood gases and total proteins in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) were measured. Lung tissue homogenates were utilized for biochemical assays of proinflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress markers. Lung specimens were managed for examination by light and electron microscopy. Our results revealed that Mesna attenuated the histopathological changes and apoptosis of the lung following intestinal I-R. Mesna also recovered systemic oxygenation. Mesna suppressed neutrophil infiltration (as endorsed by the reduction in MPO level), reduced ICAM-1 mRNA expression, inhibited NF-κB pathway and reduced the proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6) in the lung tissues. Mesna maintained the antioxidant profile as evidenced by the elevation of the tissue GPx and SOD and down-regulation of HSP70 immune-expressions. Accordingly, Mesna treatment can be a promising way to counteract remote injury of the lung resulted from intestinal I-R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samia Adel Abd El-Baset
- Department of Medical Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Asharquia, Egypt.
| | - Manal R Abd El-Haleem
- Department of Medical Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Asharquia, Egypt.,Faculty of Dentistry, Egyptian Russian University, Badr City, Egypt
| | | | - Asmaa A A Kattaia
- Department of Medical Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Asharquia, Egypt
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7
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Ganesan R, Henkels KM, Shah K, De La Rosa X, Libreros S, Cheemarla NR, Serhan CN, Gomez-Cambronero J. D-series Resolvins activate Phospholipase D in phagocytes during inflammation and resolution. FASEB J 2020; 34:15888-15906. [PMID: 33047359 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201903025rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
A successful acute inflammatory response results in the elimination of infectious agents by neutrophils and monocytes, followed by resolution and repair through tissue-resident and recruited macrophages. Resolvins (D-series and E-series) are pro-resolving lipid mediators involved in resolution and tissue repair, whose intracellular signaling remains of interest. Here, we report that D-series resolvins (RvD1- RvD5) activate phospholipase D (PLD), a ubiquitously expressed membrane lipase enzyme activity in modulating phagocyte functions. The mechanism for PLD-mediated actions of Resolvin-D5 (RvD5) in polarizing macrophages (M1-like toward M2-like) was found to be two-pronged: (a) RvD5 inhibits post-transcriptional modifications, by miRs and 3'exonucleases that process PLD2 mRNA, thus increasing PLD2 expression and activity; and (b) RvD5 enhances PLD2-S6Kinase signaling required for membrane expansion and efferocytosis. In an in vivo model of second organ reflow injury, we found that RvD5 did not reduce lung neutrophil myeloperoxidase levels in PLD2-/- mice compared to WT and PLD1-/- mice, confirming a novel role of PLD2 as the isoform in RvD5-mediated resolution processes. These results demonstrate that RvD5-PLD2 are attractive targets for therapeutic interventions in vascular inflammation such as ischemia-reperfusion injury and cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramya Ganesan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wright State University School of Medicine, Dayton, OH, USA.,Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesia, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Karen M Henkels
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wright State University School of Medicine, Dayton, OH, USA
| | - Krushangi Shah
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wright State University School of Medicine, Dayton, OH, USA
| | - Xavier De La Rosa
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesia, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stephania Libreros
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesia, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nagarjuna R Cheemarla
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Charles N Serhan
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesia, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Julian Gomez-Cambronero
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wright State University School of Medicine, Dayton, OH, USA.,Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesia, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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8
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Fu P, Ramchandran R, Shaaya M, Huang L, Ebenezer DL, Jiang Y, Komarova Y, Vogel SM, Malik AB, Minshall RD, Du G, Tonks NK, Natarajan V. Phospholipase D2 restores endothelial barrier function by promoting PTPN14-mediated VE-cadherin dephosphorylation. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:7669-7685. [PMID: 32327488 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.011801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased permeability of vascular lung tissues is a hallmark of acute lung injury and is often caused by edemagenic insults resulting in inflammation. Vascular endothelial (VE)-cadherin undergoes internalization in response to inflammatory stimuli and is recycled at cell adhesion junctions during endothelial barrier re-establishment. Here, we hypothesized that phospholipase D (PLD)-generated phosphatidic acid (PA) signaling regulates VE-cadherin recycling and promotes endothelial barrier recovery by dephosphorylating VE-cadherin. Genetic deletion of PLD2 impaired recovery from protease-activated receptor-1-activating peptide (PAR-1-AP)-induced lung vascular permeability and potentiated inflammation in vivo In human lung microvascular endothelial cells (HLMVECs), inhibition or deletion of PLD2, but not of PLD1, delayed endothelial barrier recovery after thrombin stimulation. Thrombin stimulation of HLMVECs increased co-localization of PLD2-generated PA and VE-cadherin at cell-cell adhesion junctions. Inhibition of PLD2 activity resulted in prolonged phosphorylation of Tyr-658 in VE-cadherin during the recovery phase 3 h post-thrombin challenge. Immunoprecipitation experiments revealed that after HLMVECs are thrombin stimulated, PLD2, VE-cadherin, and protein-tyrosine phosphatase nonreceptor type 14 (PTPN14), a PLD2-dependent protein-tyrosine phosphatase, strongly associate with each other. PTPN14 depletion delayed VE-cadherin dephosphorylation, reannealing of adherens junctions, and barrier function recovery. PLD2 inhibition attenuated PTPN14 activity and reversed PTPN14-dependent VE-cadherin dephosphorylation after thrombin stimulation. Our findings indicate that PLD2 promotes PTPN14-mediated dephosphorylation of VE-cadherin and that redistribution of VE-cadherin at adherens junctions is essential for recovery of endothelial barrier function after an edemagenic insult.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panfeng Fu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois.,The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | | | - Mark Shaaya
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Longshuang Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois
| | - David L Ebenezer
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Ying Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Yulia Komarova
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Stephen M Vogel
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Asrar B Malik
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Richard D Minshall
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois.,Department of Anesthesiology, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Guangwei Du
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | | | - Viswanathan Natarajan
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois .,Department of Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois
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Phospholipase D and the Mitogen Phosphatidic Acid in Human Disease: Inhibitors of PLD at the Crossroads of Phospholipid Biology and Cancer. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2019; 259:89-113. [PMID: 31541319 DOI: 10.1007/164_2019_216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Lipids are key building blocks of biological membranes and are involved in complex signaling processes such as metabolism, proliferation, migration, and apoptosis. Extracellular signaling by growth factors, stress, and nutrients is transmitted through receptors that activate lipid-modifying enzymes such as the phospholipases, sphingosine kinase, or phosphoinositide 3-kinase, which then modify phospholipids, sphingolipids, and phosphoinositides. One such important enzyme is phospholipase D (PLD), which cleaves phosphatidylcholine to yield phosphatidic acid and choline. PLD isoforms have dual role in cells. The first involves maintaining cell membrane integrity and cell signaling, including cell proliferation, migration, cytoskeletal alterations, and invasion through the PLD product PA, and the second involves protein-protein interactions with a variety of binding partners. Increased evidence of elevated PLD expression and activity linked to many pathological conditions, including cancer, neurological and inflammatory diseases, and infection, has motivated the development of dual- and isoform-specific PLD inhibitors. Many of these inhibitors are reported to be efficacious and safe in cells and mouse disease models, suggesting the potential for PLD inhibitors as therapeutics for cancer and other diseases. Current knowledge and ongoing research of PLD signaling networks will help to evolve inhibitors with increased efficacy and safety for clinical studies.
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10
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Malacrida L, Gratton E. LAURDAN fluorescence and phasor plots reveal the effects of a H 2O 2 bolus in NIH-3T3 fibroblast membranes dynamics and hydration. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 128:144-156. [PMID: 29885356 PMCID: PMC6175669 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescence spectroscopy, coupled with microscopy, opens new frontiers for the study of dynamic processes with high spatio-temporal resolution. The application of phasor plots to FLIM and hyperspectral imaging demonstrate unprecedented capabilities to study complex photophysics at the subcellular level. Using these approaches we studied the effects of an H2O2 bolus on NIH-3T3 membranes dynamics monitored by LAURDAN fluorescence. Exposure of NIH-3T3 cells to a bolus of H2O2 modifies the cell membranes and, in particular, the plasma membrane in a complex manner. The LAURDAN results reveal that the peroxide treatment decreases membrane fluidity but surprisingly increases dipolar relaxation around the excited probe. Using the Multidimensional-phasor approach we elucidated the complex photophysics of LAURDAN incorporated into cell membrane after H2O2 exposure. The results indicate the occurrence of LAURDAN fast-diffusion from gel↔ld phases in membranes exposed to a H2O2 bolus. An ad hoc hypothesis is presented to interpret the results in the context of H2O2 oxidative distress/eustress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonel Malacrida
- Laboratory for Fluorescence Dynamics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, 3208 Natural Sciences II, Irvine, CA 92697‑2715, USA; Área de Investigación Respiratoria, Departamento de Fisiopatología, Hospital de Clínicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Av. Italia s/n, Piso 15, Montevideo 11600, Uruguay.
| | - Enrico Gratton
- Laboratory for Fluorescence Dynamics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, 3208 Natural Sciences II, Irvine, CA 92697‑2715, USA.
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11
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Fu P, Shaaya M, Harijith A, Jacobson JR, Karginov A, Natarajan V. Sphingolipids Signaling in Lamellipodia Formation and Enhancement of Endothelial Barrier Function. CURRENT TOPICS IN MEMBRANES 2018; 82:1-31. [PMID: 30360778 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctm.2018.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Sphingolipids, first described in the brain in 1884, are important structural components of biological membranes of all eukaryotic cells. In recent years, several lines of evidence support the critical role of sphingolipids such as sphingosine, sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), and ceramide as anti- or pro-inflammatory bioactive lipid mediators in a variety of human pathologies including pulmonary and vascular disorders. Among the sphingolipids, S1P is a naturally occurring agonist that exhibits potent barrier enhancing property in the endothelium by signaling via G protein-coupled S1P1 receptor. S1P, S1P analogs, and other barrier enhancing agents such as HGF, oxidized phospholipids, and statins also utilize the S1P/S1P1 signaling pathway to generate membrane protrusions or lamellipodia, which have been implicated in resealing of endothelial gaps and maintenance of barrier integrity. A better understanding of sphingolipids mediated regulation of lamellipodia formation and barrier enhancement of the endothelium will be critical for the development of sphingolipid-based therapies to alleviate pulmonary disorders such as sepsis-, radiation-, and mechanical ventilation-induced acute lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panfeng Fu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Mark Shaaya
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Anantha Harijith
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Jeffrey R Jacobson
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Andrei Karginov
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Viswanathan Natarajan
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States; Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States.
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12
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Meegan JE, Yang X, Coleman DC, Jannaway M, Yuan SY. Neutrophil-mediated vascular barrier injury: Role of neutrophil extracellular traps. Microcirculation 2018; 24. [PMID: 28120468 DOI: 10.1111/micc.12352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Neutrophils play an essential role in host defense against infection or injury. While neutrophil activation is necessary for pathogen clearance and tissue repair, a hyperactive response can lead to tissue damage and microcirculatory disorders, a process involving complex neutrophil-endothelium cross talk. This review highlights recent research findings about neutrophil-mediated signaling and structural changes, including those induced by neutrophil extracellular traps, which ultimately lead to vascular barrier injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie E Meegan
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Xiaoyuan Yang
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Danielle C Coleman
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Melanie Jannaway
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Sarah Y Yuan
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
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13
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Abdulnour REE, Howrylak JA, Tavares AH, Douda DN, Henkels KM, Miller TE, Fredenburgh LE, Baron RM, Gomez-Cambronero J, Levy BD. Phospholipase D isoforms differentially regulate leukocyte responses to acute lung injury. J Leukoc Biol 2018; 103:919-932. [PMID: 29437245 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.3a0617-252rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Revised: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Phospholipase D (PLD) plays important roles in cellular responses to tissue injury that are critical to acute inflammatory diseases, such as the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). We investigated the expression of PLD isoforms and related phospholipid phosphatases in patients with ARDS, and their roles in a murine model of self-limited acute lung injury (ALI). Gene expression microarray analysis on whole blood obtained from patients that met clinical criteria for ARDS and clinically matched controls (non-ARDS) demonstrated that PLD1 gene expression was increased in patients with ARDS relative to non-ARDS and correlated with survival. In contrast, PLD2 expression was associated with mortality. In a murine model of self-resolving ALI, lung Pld1 expression increased and Pld2 expression decreased 24 h after intrabronchial acid. Total lung PLD activity was increased 24 h after injury. Pld1-/- mice demonstrated impaired alveolar barrier function and increased tissue injury relative to WT and Pld2-/- , whereas Pld2-/- mice demonstrated increased recruitment of neutrophils and macrophages, and decreased tissue injury. Isoform-specific PLD inhibitors mirrored the results with isoform-specific Pld-KO mice. PLD1 gene expression knockdown in human leukocytes was associated with decreased phagocytosis by neutrophils, whereas reactive oxygen species production and phagocytosis decreased in M2-macrophages. PLD2 gene expression knockdown increased neutrophil and M2-macrophage transmigration, and increased M2-macrophage phagocytosis. These results uncovered selective regulation of PLD isoforms after ALI, and opposing effects of selective isoform knockdown on host responses and tissue injury. These findings support therapeutic strategies targeting specific PLD isoforms for the treatment of ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raja-Elie E Abdulnour
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Judie A Howrylak
- Division of Pulmonary Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Alexander H Tavares
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David N Douda
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Karen M Henkels
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio, USA
| | - Taylor E Miller
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio, USA
| | - Laura E Fredenburgh
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Rebecca M Baron
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Julian Gomez-Cambronero
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio, USA.,Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Bruce D Levy
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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14
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DiStefano PV, Smrcka AV, Glading AJ. Phospholipase Cε Modulates Rap1 Activity and the Endothelial Barrier. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0162338. [PMID: 27612188 PMCID: PMC5017709 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0162338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C, PLCε, is a unique signaling protein with known roles in regulating cardiac myocyte growth, astrocyte inflammatory signaling, and tumor formation. PLCε is also expressed in endothelial cells, however its role in endothelial regulation is not fully established. We show that endothelial cells of multiple origins, including human pulmonary artery (HPAEC), human umbilical vein (HUVEC), and immortalized brain microvascular (hCMEC/D3) endothelial cells, express PLCε. Knockdown of PLCε in arterial endothelial monolayers decreased the effectiveness of the endothelial barrier. Concomitantly, RhoA activity and stress fiber formation were increased. PLCε-deficient arterial endothelial cells also exhibited decreased Rap1-GTP levels, which could be restored by activation of the Rap1 GEF, Epac, to rescue the increase in monolayer leak. Reintroduction of PLCε rescued monolayer leak with both the CDC25 GEF domain and the lipase domain of PLCε required to fully activate Rap1 and to rescue endothelial barrier function. Finally, we demonstrate that the barrier promoting effects PLCε are dependent on Rap1 signaling through the Rap1 effector, KRIT1, which we have previously shown is vital for maintaining endothelial barrier stability. Thus we have described a novel role for PLCε PIP2 hydrolytic and Rap GEF activities in arterial endothelial cells, where PLCε-dependent activation of Rap1/KRIT1 signaling promotes endothelial barrier stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter V. DiStefano
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, 14642, United States of America
| | - Alan V. Smrcka
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, 14642, United States of America
| | - Angela J. Glading
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, 14642, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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15
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Zhang C, Hwarng G, Cooper DE, Grevengoed TJ, Eaton JM, Natarajan V, Harris TE, Coleman RA. Inhibited insulin signaling in mouse hepatocytes is associated with increased phosphatidic acid but not diacylglycerol. J Biol Chem 2014; 290:3519-28. [PMID: 25512376 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.602789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Although an elevated triacylglycerol content in non-adipose tissues is often associated with insulin resistance, the mechanistic relationship remains unclear. The data support roles for intermediates in the glycerol-3-phosphate pathway of triacylglycerol synthesis: diacylglycerol (DAG), which may cause insulin resistance in liver by activating PKCϵ, and phosphatidic acid (PA), which inhibits insulin action in hepatocytes by disrupting the assembly of mTOR and rictor. To determine whether increases in DAG and PA impair insulin signaling when produced by pathways other than that of de novo synthesis, we examined primary mouse hepatocytes after enzymatically manipulating the cellular content of DAG or PA. Overexpressing phospholipase D1 or phospholipase D2 inhibited insulin signaling and was accompanied by an elevated cellular content of total PA, without a change in total DAG. Overexpression of diacylglycerol kinase-θ inhibited insulin signaling and was accompanied by an elevated cellular content of total PA and a decreased cellular content of total DAG. Overexpressing glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase-1 or -4 inhibited insulin signaling and increased the cellular content of both PA and DAG. Insulin signaling impairment caused by overexpression of phospholipase D1/D2 or diacylglycerol kinase-θ was always accompanied by disassociation of mTOR/rictor and reduction of mTORC2 kinase activity. However, although the protein ratio of membrane to cytosolic PKCϵ increased, PKC activity itself was unaltered. These data suggest that PA, but not DAG, is associated with impaired insulin action in mouse hepatocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongben Zhang
- From the Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599
| | - Gwen Hwarng
- From the Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599
| | - Daniel E Cooper
- From the Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599
| | - Trisha J Grevengoed
- From the Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599
| | - James M Eaton
- the Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, and
| | - Viswanathan Natarajan
- the Departments of Pharmacology & Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612
| | - Thurl E Harris
- the Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, and
| | - Rosalind A Coleman
- From the Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599,
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16
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Usatyuk PV, Burns M, Mohan V, Pendyala S, He D, Ebenezer DL, Harijith A, Fu P, Huang LS, Bear JE, Garcia JGN, Natarajan V. Coronin 1B regulates S1P-induced human lung endothelial cell chemotaxis: role of PLD2, protein kinase C and Rac1 signal transduction. PLoS One 2013; 8:e63007. [PMID: 23667561 PMCID: PMC3648575 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0063007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2012] [Accepted: 03/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronins are a highly conserved family of actin binding proteins that regulate actin-dependent processes such as cell motility and endocytosis. We found that treatment of human pulmonary artery endothelial cells (HPAECs) with the bioactive lipid, sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) rapidly stimulates coronin 1B translocation to lamellipodia at the cell leading edge, which is required for S1P-induced chemotaxis. Further, S1P-induced chemotaxis of HPAECs was attenuated by pretreatment with small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting coronin 1B (∼36%), PLD2 (∼45%) or Rac1 (∼50%) compared to scrambled siRNA controls. Down regulation PLD2 expression by siRNA also attenuated S1P-induced coronin 1B translocation to the leading edge of the cell periphery while PLD1 silencing had no effect. Also, S1P-induced coronin 1B redistribution to cell periphery and chemotaxis was attenuated by inhibition of Rac1 and over-expression of dominant negative PKC δ, ε and ζ isoforms in HPAECs. These results demonstrate that S1P activation of PLD2, PKC and Rac1 is part of the signaling cascade that regulates coronin 1B translocation to the cell periphery and the ensuing cell chemotaxis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter V Usatyuk
- Institute for Personalized Respiratory Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
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