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Hao L, Yan Y, Huang G, Li H. From gut to bone: deciphering the impact of gut microbiota on osteoporosis pathogenesis and management. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1416739. [PMID: 39386168 PMCID: PMC11461468 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1416739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 09/06/2024] [Indexed: 10/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis (OP) is characterized by decreased bone mineral density (BMD) and increased fracture risk, poses a significant global health burden. Recent research has shed light on the bidirectional relationship between gut microbiota (GM) and bone health, presenting a novel avenue for understanding OP pathogenesis and developing targeted therapeutic interventions. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the GM-bone axis, exploring the impact of GM on OP development and management. We elucidate established risk factors and pathogenesis of OP, delve into the diversity and functional changes of GM in OP. Furthermore, we examine experimental evidence and clinical observations linking alterations in GM composition or function with variations in BMD and fracture risk. Mechanistic insights into microbial mediators of bone health, such as microbial metabolites and products, are discussed. Therapeutic implications, including GM-targeted interventions and dietary strategies, are also explored. Finally, we identify future research directions and challenges in translating these findings into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linjie Hao
- Department of Joint Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yuzhu Yan
- Clinical Laboratory of Honghui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Guilin Huang
- Department of Joint Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Joint Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
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2
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Elaasser B, Arakil N, Mohammad KS. Bridging the Gap in Understanding Bone Metastasis: A Multifaceted Perspective. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2846. [PMID: 38474093 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The treatment of patients with advanced cancer poses clinical problems due to the complications that arise as the disease progresses. Bone metastases are a common problem that cancer patients may face, and currently, there are no effective drugs to treat these individuals. Prostate, breast, and lung cancers often spread to the bone, causing significant and disabling health conditions. The bone is a highly active and dynamic tissue and is considered a favorable environment for the growth of cancer. The role of osteoblasts and osteoclasts in the process of bone remodeling and the way in which their interactions change during the progression of metastasis is critical to understanding the pathophysiology of this disease. These interactions create a self-perpetuating loop that stimulates the growth of metastatic cells in the bone. The metabolic reprogramming of both cancer cells and cells in the bone microenvironment has serious implications for the development and progression of metastasis. Insight into the process of bone remodeling and the systemic elements that regulate this process, as well as the cellular changes that occur during the progression of bone metastases, is critical to the discovery of a cure for this disease. It is crucial to explore different therapeutic options that focus specifically on malignancy in the bone microenvironment in order to effectively treat this disease. This review will focus on the bone remodeling process and the effects of metabolic disorders as well as systemic factors like hormones and cytokines on the development of bone metastases. We will also examine the various therapeutic alternatives available today and the upcoming advances in novel treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basant Elaasser
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 1153, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nour Arakil
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 1153, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid S Mohammad
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 1153, Saudi Arabia
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3
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Dutta SD, Ganguly K, Patil TV, Randhawa A, Lim KT. Unraveling the potential of 3D bioprinted immunomodulatory materials for regulating macrophage polarization: State-of-the-art in bone and associated tissue regeneration. Bioact Mater 2023; 28:284-310. [PMID: 37303852 PMCID: PMC10248805 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophage-assisted immunomodulation is an alternative strategy in tissue engineering, wherein the interplay between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory macrophage cells and body cells determines the fate of healing or inflammation. Although several reports have demonstrated that tissue regeneration depends on spatial and temporal regulation of the biophysical or biochemical microenvironment of the biomaterial, the underlying molecular mechanism behind immunomodulation is still under consideration for developing immunomodulatory scaffolds. Currently, most fabricated immunomodulatory platforms reported in the literature show regenerative capabilities of a particular tissue, for example, endogenous tissue (e.g., bone, muscle, heart, kidney, and lungs) or exogenous tissue (e.g., skin and eye). In this review, we briefly introduced the necessity of the 3D immunomodulatory scaffolds and nanomaterials, focusing on material properties and their interaction with macrophages for general readers. This review also provides a comprehensive summary of macrophage origin and taxonomy, their diverse functions, and various signal transduction pathways during biomaterial-macrophage interaction, which is particularly helpful for material scientists and clinicians for developing next-generation immunomodulatory scaffolds. From a clinical standpoint, we briefly discussed the role of 3D biomaterial scaffolds and/or nanomaterial composites for macrophage-assisted tissue engineering with a special focus on bone and associated tissues. Finally, a summary with expert opinion is presented to address the challenges and future necessity of 3D bioprinted immunomodulatory materials for tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayan Deb Dutta
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Forest Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Keya Ganguly
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Tejal V. Patil
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Smart Agriculture, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Aayushi Randhawa
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Smart Agriculture, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Taek Lim
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Forest Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Smart Agriculture, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
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4
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Yang S, Sun Y, Kapilevich L, Zhang X, Huang Y. Protective effects of curcumin against osteoporosis and its molecular mechanisms: a recent review in preclinical trials. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1249418. [PMID: 37790808 PMCID: PMC10544586 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1249418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis (OP) is one of the most common metabolic skeletal disorders and is commonly seen in the elderly population and postmenopausal women. It is mainly associated with progressive loss of bone mineral density, persistent deterioration of bone microarchitecture, and increased fracture risk. To date, drug therapy is the primary method used to prevent and treat osteoporosis. However, long-term drug therapy inevitably leads to drug resistance and specific side effects. Therefore, researchers are constantly searching for new monomer compounds from natural plants. As a candidate for the treatment of osteoporosis, curcumin (CUR) is a natural phenolic compound with various pharmacological and biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, and anti-inflammatory. This compound has gained research attention for maintaining bone health in various osteoporosis models. We reviewed preclinical and clinical studies of curcumin in preventing and alleviating osteoporosis. These results suggest that if subjected to rigorous pharmacological and clinical trials, naturally-derived curcumin could be used as a complementary and alternative medicine for the treatment of osteoporosis by targeting osteoporosis-related mechanistic pathways. This review summarizes the mechanisms of action and potential therapeutic applications of curcumin in the prevention and mitigation of osteoporosis and provides reference for further research and development of curcumin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenglei Yang
- College of Exercise and Health, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuying Sun
- School of Stomatology, Binzhou Medical College, Yantai, China
| | - Leonid Kapilevich
- Faculty of Physical Education, Nаtionаl Reseаrch Tomsk Stаte University, Tomsk, Russiа
| | - Xin’an Zhang
- College of Exercise and Health, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yue Huang
- College of Exercise and Health, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, China
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5
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Fan S, Sun X, Su C, Xue Y, Song X, Deng R. Macrophages-bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells crosstalk in bone healing. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1193765. [PMID: 37427382 PMCID: PMC10327485 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1193765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone healing is associated with many orthopedic conditions, including fractures and osteonecrosis, arthritis, metabolic bone disease, tumors and periprosthetic particle-associated osteolysis. How to effectively promote bone healing has become a keen topic for researchers. The role of macrophages and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in bone healing has gradually come to light with the development of the concept of osteoimmunity. Their interaction regulates the balance between inflammation and regeneration, and when the inflammatory response is over-excited, attenuated, or disturbed, it results in the failure of bone healing. Therefore, an in-depth understanding of the function of macrophages and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in bone regeneration and the relationship between the two could provide new directions to promote bone healing. This paper reviews the role of macrophages and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in bone healing and the mechanism and significance of their interaction. Several new therapeutic ideas for regulating the inflammatory response in bone healing by targeting macrophages and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells crosstalk are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Fan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xin Sun
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chuanchao Su
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yiwen Xue
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiao Song
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Runzhi Deng
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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6
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Schlundt C, Fischer H, Bucher CH, Rendenbach C, Duda GN, Schmidt-Bleek K. The multifaceted roles of macrophages in bone regeneration: A story of polarization, activation and time. Acta Biomater 2021; 133:46-57. [PMID: 33974949 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.04.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
To present knowledge, macrophages are found in all tissues of the human body. They are a cell population with high plasticity which come with a multitude of functions which appear to be adapted to the respective tissue niche and micro-environment in which they reside. Bone harbors multiple macrophage subpopulations, with the osteoclasts as classical representative of a bone resorbing cells and osteomacs as a bone tissue resident macrophage first described by the expression of F4/80. Both subtypes are found throughout all phases in bone healing. In vivo data on bone regeneration have demonstrated their essential role in initiating the healing cascade (inflammatory phase) but also of the later phases of healing (e.g. endochondral and intramembranous bone formation). To participate in such diverse processes macrophages have to be highly plastic in their functionality. Thus, the widely used M1/M2 paradigm to distinguish macrophage subpopulations may not mirror the comprehensive role of the dynamics of macrophage plasticity. From a clinical perspective it is especially relevant to distinguish what drives macrophages in impaired healing scenarios, implant loosening or infections, where their specific role of a misbalanced inflammatory setting is so far only partially known. With this review we aim at illustrating current knowledge and gaps of knowledge on macrophage plasticity and function during the cascades of regeneration and reconstitution of bone tissue. We propose aspects of the known biological mechanisms of macrophages and their specific subsets that might serve as targets to control their function in impaired healing and eventually support a scar-free regeneration. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Macrophages are essential for successful regeneration. In scar-free healing such as in bone, a complete failure of healing was shown if macrophages were depleted; the M1/M2 switch appears to be key to the progression from pro-inflammation to regeneration. However, experimental data illustrate that the classical M1/M2 paradigm does not completely mirror the complexity of observed macrophage functions during bone healing and thus demands a broader perspective. Within this review we discuss the high degree of plasticity of macrophages and the relevant contribution of the different and more specific M2 subtypes (M2a-M2f) during (bone) regeneration. It summarizes the versatile roles of macrophages in skeletal regeneration and thereby highlights potential target points for immunomodulatory approaches to enable or even foster bone repair.
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7
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Ding Z, Qiu M, Alharbi MA, Huang T, Pei X, Milovanova TN, Jiao H, Lu C, Liu M, Qin L, Graves DT. FOXO1 expression in chondrocytes modulates cartilage production and removal in fracture healing. Bone 2021; 148:115905. [PMID: 33662610 PMCID: PMC8106874 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2021.115905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Fracture healing is a multistage process characterized by inflammation, cartilage formation, bone deposition, and remodeling. Chondrocytes are important in producing cartilage that forms the initial anlagen for the hard callus needed to stabilize the fracture site. We examined the role of FOXO1 by selective ablation of FOXO1 in chondrocytes mediated by Col2α1 driven Cre recombinase. Experimental mice with lineage-specific FOXO1 deletion (Col2α1Cre+FOXO1L/L) and negative control littermates (Col2α1Cre-FOXO1L/L) were used for in vivo, closed fracture studies. Unexpectedly, we found that in the early phases of fracture healing, FOXO1 deletion significantly increased the amount of cartilage formed, whereas, in later periods, FOXO1 deletion led to a greater loss of cartilage. FOXO1 was functionally important as its deletion in chondrocytes led to diminished bone formation on day 22. Mechanistically, the early effects of FOXO1 deletion were linked to increased proliferation of chondrocytes through enhanced expression of cell cycle genes that promote proliferation and reduced expression of those that inhibit it and increased expression of cartilage matrix genes. At later time points experimental mice with FOXO1 deletion had greater loss of cartilage, enhanced formation of osteoclasts, increased IL-6 and reduced numbers of M2 macrophages. These results identify FOXO1 as a transcription factor that regulates chondrocyte behavior by limiting the early expansion of cartilage and preventing rapid cartilage loss at later phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenjiang Ding
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, China; Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Min Qiu
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Mohammed A Alharbi
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tiffany Huang
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Xiyan Pei
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; First Clinical Division, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, China
| | - Tatyana N Milovanova
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Hongli Jiao
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Chanyi Lu
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ling Qin
- McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Dana T Graves
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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8
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Pant A, Paul E, Niebur GL, Vahdati A. Integration of mechanics and biology in computer simulation of bone remodeling. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 164:33-45. [PMID: 33965425 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2021.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Bone remodeling is a complex physiological process that spans across multiple spatial and temporal scales and is regulated by both mechanical and hormonal cues. An imbalance between bone resorption and bone formation in the process of bone remodeling may lead to various bone pathologies. One powerful and non-invasive approach to gain new insights into mechano-adaptive bone remodeling is computer modeling and simulation. Recent findings in bone physiology and advances in computer modeling have provided a unique opportunity to study the integration of mechanics and biology in bone remodeling. Our objective in this review is to critically appraise recent advances and developments and discuss future research opportunities in computational bone remodeling approaches that enable integration of mechanics and cellular and molecular pathways. Based on the critical appraisal of the relevant recent published literature, we conclude that multiscale in silico integration of personalized bone mechanics and mechanobiology combined with data science and analytics techniques offer the potential to deepen our knowledge of bone remodeling and provide ample opportunities for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anup Pant
- Multi-disciplinary Mechanics and Modeling Laboratory, Department of Engineering, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27858, USA
| | - Elliot Paul
- Multi-disciplinary Mechanics and Modeling Laboratory, Department of Engineering, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27858, USA
| | - Glen L Niebur
- Tissue Mechanics Laboratory, Bioengineering Graduate Program, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Ali Vahdati
- Multi-disciplinary Mechanics and Modeling Laboratory, Department of Engineering, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27858, USA.
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9
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Development of Metabolic Syndrome Decreases Bone Mineral Density T-Score of Calcaneus in Foot in a Large Taiwanese Population Follow-Up Study. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11050439. [PMID: 34065445 PMCID: PMC8160603 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11050439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies have suggested that there may be common pathogenic pathways linking osteoporosis and metabolic syndrome (MetS) due to the multiple risk factors for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease caused by MetS. However, results on the association between MetS and bone health are inconsistent and sometimes contradictory. In this study, we aimed to investigate the associations between the effects of MetS risk factors and bone mineral density (BMD) T-score in a longitudinal study of 27,033 participants from the Taiwan Biobank with a follow-up period of 4 years. BMD of the calcaneus was measured in the non-dominant foot using ultrasound in the Taiwanese population. The overall prevalence rates of MetS were 16.7% (baseline) and 21.2% (follow-up). The participants were stratified into four groups according to the status of MetS (no/yes at baseline and follow-up). We investigated associations between MetS and its five components (baseline, follow-up) with BMD ΔT-score and found that the (no, yes) MetS group, (no, yes) abdominal obesity group, (no, yes) hypertriglyceridemia group, and (no, yes) low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol group had the lowest ΔT-score. Furthermore, in the (no, yes) MetS group, high Δwaist circumference (p = 0.009), high Δtriglycerides (p = 0.004), low ΔHDL cholesterol (p = 0.034), and low Δsystolic blood pressure (p = 0.020) were significantly associated with low ΔT-score, but Δfasting glucose was not. In conclusion, in this large population-based cohort study, our data provide evidence that the development of MetS is strongly associated with increased rates of BMD loss in the Taiwanese population. This suggests that the prevention of MetS should be taken into consideration in the prevention of osteoporosis in the Taiwanese population.
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10
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Sadvakassova G, Tiedemann K, Steer KJD, Mikolajewicz N, Stavnichuk M, In-Kyung Lee I, Sabirova Z, Schranzhofer M, Komarova SV. Active hematopoiesis triggers exosomal release of PRDX2 that promotes osteoclast formation. Physiol Rep 2021; 9:e14745. [PMID: 33587325 PMCID: PMC7883842 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic disorders, particularly hemolytic anemias, commonly lead to bone loss. We have previously reported that actively proliferating cancer cells stimulate osteoclastogenesis from late precursors in a RANKL-independent manner. We theorized that cancer cells exploit the physiological role of bone resorption to support expanding hematopoietic bone marrow and examined if hematopoietic cells can trigger osteoclastogenesis. Using phlebotomy-induced acute anemia in mice, we found strong correlation between augmented erythropoiesis and increased osteoclastogenesis. Conditioned medium (CM) from K562 erythroleukemia cells and primary mouse erythroblasts stimulated osteoclastogenesis when added to RANKL-primed precursors from mouse bone marrow or RAW264.7 cells. Using immunoblotting and mass spectrometry, PRDX2 was identified as a factor produced by erythroid cells in vitro and in vivo. PRDX2 was detected in K562-derived exosomes, and inhibiting exosomal release significantly decreased the osteoclastogenic capacity of K562 CM. Recombinant PRDX2 induced osteoclast formation from RANKL-primed primary or RAW 264.7 precursors to levels comparable to achieved with continuous RANKL treatment. Thus, increased bone marrow erythropoiesis secondary to anemia leads to upregulation of PRDX2, which is released in the exosomes and acts to induce osteoclast formation. Increased bone resorption by the osteoclasts expands bone marrow cavity, which likely plays a supporting role to increase blood cell production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulzhakhan Sadvakassova
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Shriners Hospital for Children - Canada, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Kerstin Tiedemann
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Shriners Hospital for Children - Canada, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Kieran J D Steer
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Nicholas Mikolajewicz
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Shriners Hospital for Children - Canada, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Mariya Stavnichuk
- Shriners Hospital for Children - Canada, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Zarina Sabirova
- Shriners Hospital for Children - Canada, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Matthias Schranzhofer
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Svetlana V Komarova
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Shriners Hospital for Children - Canada, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
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11
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Kim MG, Park CH. Tooth-Supporting Hard Tissue Regeneration Using Biopolymeric Material Fabrication Strategies. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25204802. [PMID: 33086674 PMCID: PMC7587995 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25204802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The mineralized tissues (alveolar bone and cementum) are the major components of periodontal tissues and play a critical role to anchor periodontal ligament (PDL) to tooth-root surfaces. The integrated multiple tissues could generate biological or physiological responses to transmitted biomechanical forces by mastication or occlusion. However, due to periodontitis or traumatic injuries, affect destruction or progressive damage of periodontal hard tissues including PDL could be affected and consequently lead to tooth loss. Conventional tissue engineering approaches have been developed to regenerate or repair periodontium but, engineered periodontal tissue formation is still challenging because there are still limitations to control spatial compartmentalization for individual tissues and provide optimal 3D constructs for tooth-supporting tissue regeneration and maturation. Here, we present the recently developed strategies to induce osteogenesis and cementogenesis by the fabrication of 3D architectures or the chemical modifications of biopolymeric materials. These techniques in tooth-supporting hard tissue engineering are highly promising to promote the periodontal regeneration and advance the interfacial tissue formation for tissue integrations of PDL fibrous connective tissue bundles (alveolar bone-to-PDL or PDL-to-cementum) for functioning restorations of the periodontal complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Guk Kim
- Department of Dental Science, Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41940, Korea;
- Department of Dental Biomaterials, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41940, Korea
| | - Chan Ho Park
- Department of Dental Science, Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41940, Korea;
- Department of Dental Biomaterials, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41940, Korea
- Institute for Biomaterials Research and Development, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41940, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-53-660-6890
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12
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Shao BY, Wang L, Yu Y, Chen L, Gan N, Huang WM. Effects of CD4 + T lymphocytes from ovariectomized mice on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation. Exp Ther Med 2020; 20:84. [PMID: 32968441 PMCID: PMC7500006 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.9212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was designed to investigate the effects of T cells on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs). BMMSCs were co-cultured with CD4+ T cells that had been pretreated with anti-TNF-α or controls and were derived from ovariectomized (OVX) mice or sham control mice. MTT was used to assess the proliferative ability of BMMSCs and flow cytometry was used to analyze the BMMSC cell cycle. Following the induction of osteogenic differentiation in BMMSCs, calcium nodules were observed using alizarin red staining and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining. The expression levels of the osteogenesis-associated genes, runt related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) and osteocalcin (OCN) in BMMSCs were quantified using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blotting. Osteogenesis-related signaling pathways, including ERK, JNK and p38 MAPK were also examined by western blotting. BMMSCs co-cultured with CD4+ T cells from OVX mice exhibited reduced proliferative ability compared with sham mice and the cell cycle was arrested at the G2/M phase. Additionally, BMMSCs co-cultured with CD4+ T cells from OVX mice presented with reduced levels of osteogenic differentiation and lower ALP activity, less calcium deposition and reduced expression of Runx2 and OCN compared with sham mice. The reduced levels of proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of BMMSCs induced by CD4+ T cells were not seen when the T cells were had been pretreated with anti-TNF-α. The results indicated that CD4+ T cells from OVX mice inhibited the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of BMMSCs by producing high levels of TNF-α and may provide a novel insight into the dysfunction of BMMSCs caused by estrogen deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing-Yi Shao
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400047, P.R. China.,Department of Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400047, P.R. China.,Department of Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400047, P.R. China
| | - Lan Wang
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400047, P.R. China.,Department of Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400047, P.R. China.,Department of Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400047, P.R. China
| | - Yang Yu
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400047, P.R. China.,Department of Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400047, P.R. China.,Department of Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400047, P.R. China
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400047, P.R. China.,Department of Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400047, P.R. China.,Department of Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400047, P.R. China
| | - Ning Gan
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400047, P.R. China.,Department of Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400047, P.R. China.,Department of Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400047, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Ming Huang
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400047, P.R. China.,Department of Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400047, P.R. China.,Department of Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400047, P.R. China
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Hart NH, Newton RU, Tan J, Rantalainen T, Chivers P, Siafarikas A, Nimphius S. Biological basis of bone strength: anatomy, physiology and measurement. JOURNAL OF MUSCULOSKELETAL & NEURONAL INTERACTIONS 2020; 20:347-371. [PMID: 32877972 PMCID: PMC7493450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Understanding how bones are innately designed, robustly developed and delicately maintained through intricate anatomical features and physiological processes across the lifespan is vital to inform our assessment of normal bone health, and essential to aid our interpretation of adverse clinical outcomes affecting bone through primary or secondary causes. Accordingly this review serves to introduce new researchers and clinicians engaging with bone and mineral metabolism, and provide a contemporary update for established researchers or clinicians. Specifically, we describe the mechanical and non-mechanical functions of the skeleton; its multidimensional and hierarchical anatomy (macroscopic, microscopic, organic, inorganic, woven and lamellar features); its cellular and hormonal physiology (deterministic and homeostatic processes that govern and regulate bone); and processes of mechanotransduction, modelling, remodelling and degradation that underpin bone adaptation or maladaptation. In addition, we also explore commonly used methods for measuring bone metabolic activity or material features (imaging or biochemical markers) together with their limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas H Hart
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Perth, W.A., Australia
- Institute of Health Research, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, W.A., Australia
- Western Australian Bone Research Collaboration, Perth, W.A., Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, W.A., Australia
| | - Robert U Newton
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Perth, W.A., Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, W.A., Australia
| | - Jocelyn Tan
- Institute of Health Research, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, W.A., Australia
- Western Australian Bone Research Collaboration, Perth, W.A., Australia
- School of Health Sciences, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Perth, W.A., Australia
| | - Timo Rantalainen
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Perth, W.A., Australia
- Institute of Health Research, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, W.A., Australia
- Western Australian Bone Research Collaboration, Perth, W.A., Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, W.A., Australia
- Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Paola Chivers
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Perth, W.A., Australia
- Institute of Health Research, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, W.A., Australia
- Western Australian Bone Research Collaboration, Perth, W.A., Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, W.A., Australia
| | - Aris Siafarikas
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Perth, W.A., Australia
- Institute of Health Research, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, W.A., Australia
- Western Australian Bone Research Collaboration, Perth, W.A., Australia
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Perth Childrens Hospital, Perth, W.A., Australia
- School of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Western Australia, Perth, W.A., Australia
| | - Sophia Nimphius
- Western Australian Bone Research Collaboration, Perth, W.A., Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, W.A., Australia
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14
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Chin KY, Wong SK, Ekeuku SO, Pang KL. Relationship Between Metabolic Syndrome and Bone Health - An Evaluation of Epidemiological Studies and Mechanisms Involved. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2020; 13:3667-3690. [PMID: 33116718 PMCID: PMC7569044 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s275560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) and osteoporosis are two medical problems plaguing the ageing populations worldwide. Though seemingly distinctive to each other, metabolic derangements are shown to influence bone health. This review summarises the relationship between MetS and bone health derived from epidemiological studies and explains the mechanistic basis of this relationship. The discourse focuses on the link between MetS and bone mineral density, quantitative sonometric indices, geometry and fracture risk in humans. The interesting sex-specific trend in the relationship, probably due to factors related to body composition and hormonal status, is discussed. Mechanistically, each component of MetS affects the bone distinctly, forming a complex interacting network influencing the skeleton. Lastly, the effects of MetS management, such as pharmacotherapies, exercise and bariatric surgery, on bone, are presented. This review aims to highlight the significant relationship between MetS and bone, and proper management of MetS with the skeletal system in mind could prevent cardiovascular and bone complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kok-Yong Chin
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Kok-Yong Chin Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, MalaysiaTel +60 3-9145 9573 Email
| | - Sok Kuan Wong
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Sophia Ogechi Ekeuku
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kok-Lun Pang
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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15
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Shavandi A, Bekhit AEDA, Saeedi P, Izadifar Z, Bekhit AA, Khademhosseini A. Polyphenol uses in biomaterials engineering. Biomaterials 2018; 167:91-106. [PMID: 29567389 PMCID: PMC5973878 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2017] [Revised: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Polyphenols are micronutrients obtained from diet that have been suggested to play an important role in health. The health benefits of polyphenols and their protective effects in food systems as antioxidant compounds are well known and have been extensively investigated. However, their functional roles as a "processing cofactor" in tissue engineering applications are less widely known. This review focuses on the functionality of polyphenols and their application in biomaterials. Polyphenols have been used to stabilize collagen and to improve its resistance to degradation in biological systems. Therefore, they have been proposed to improve the performance of biomedical devices used in cardiovascular systems by improving the mechanical properties of grafted heart valves, enhancing microcirculation through the relaxation of the arterial walls and improving the capillary blood flow and pressure resistance. Polyphenols have been found to stimulate bone formation, mineralization, as well as the proliferation, differentiation, and the survival of osteoblasts. These effects are brought about by the stimulatory effect of polyphenols on osteoblast cells and their protective effect against oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines. In addition, polyphenols inhibit the differentiation of the osteoclast cells. Collectively, these actions lead to promote bone formation and to reduce bone resorption, respectively. Moreover, polyphenols can increase the cross-linking of dentine and hence its mechanical stability. Overall, polyphenols provide interesting properties that will stimulate further research in the bioengineering field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Shavandi
- Department of Food Science, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
| | | | - Pouya Saeedi
- Department of Human Nutrition, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Zohreh Izadifar
- The Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Adnan A Bekhit
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt; Pharmacy Program, Allied Health Department, College of Health Sciences, University of Bahrain, P.O. Box 32038, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - Ali Khademhosseini
- Department of Bioengineering, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Radiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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16
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Hurtgen BJ, Henderson BEP, Ward CL, Goldman SM, Garg K, McKinley TO, Greising SM, Wenke JC, Corona BT. Impairment of early fracture healing by skeletal muscle trauma is restored by FK506. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2017; 18:253. [PMID: 28606129 PMCID: PMC5469075 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-017-1617-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Heightened local inflammation due to muscle trauma or disease is associated with impaired bone regeneration. Methods We hypothesized that FK506, an FDA approved immunomodulatory compound with neurotrophic and osteogenic effects, will rescue the early phase of fracture healing which is impaired by concomitant muscle trauma in male (~4 months old) Lewis rats. FK506 (1 mg/kg; i.p.) or saline was administered systemically for 14 days after an endogenously healing tibia osteotomy was created and fixed with an intermedullary pin, and the overlying tibialis anterior (TA) muscle was either left uninjured or incurred volumetric muscle loss injury (6 mm full thickness biopsy from middle third of the muscle). Results The salient observations of this study were that 1) concomitant TA muscle trauma impaired recovery of tibia mechanical properties 28 days post-injury, 2) FK506 administration rescued the recovery of tibia mechanical properties in the presence of concomitant TA muscle trauma but did not augment mechanical recovery of an isolated osteotomy (no muscle trauma), 3) T lymphocytes and macrophage presence within the traumatized musculature were heightened by trauma and attenuated by FK506 3 days post-injury, and 4) T lymphocyte but not macrophage presence within the fracture callus were attenuated by FK506 at 14 days post-injury. FK506 did not improve TA muscle isometric torque production Conclusion Collectively, these findings support the administration of FK506 to ameliorate healing of fractures with severe muscle trauma comorbidity. The results suggest one potential mechanism of action is a reduction in local T lymphocytes within the injured musculoskeletal tissue, though other mechanisms to include direct osteogenic effects of FK506 require further investigation. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12891-017-1617-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brady J Hurtgen
- Extremity Trauma and Regenerative Medicine Task Area, US Army Institute of Surgical Research, 3698 Chambers Pass, BHT1, Fort Sam Houston, TX, 78234, USA
| | - Beth E P Henderson
- Extremity Trauma and Regenerative Medicine Task Area, US Army Institute of Surgical Research, 3698 Chambers Pass, BHT1, Fort Sam Houston, TX, 78234, USA
| | - Catherine L Ward
- Extremity Trauma and Regenerative Medicine Task Area, US Army Institute of Surgical Research, 3698 Chambers Pass, BHT1, Fort Sam Houston, TX, 78234, USA
| | - Stephen M Goldman
- Extremity Trauma and Regenerative Medicine Task Area, US Army Institute of Surgical Research, 3698 Chambers Pass, BHT1, Fort Sam Houston, TX, 78234, USA
| | - Koyal Garg
- Extremity Trauma and Regenerative Medicine Task Area, US Army Institute of Surgical Research, 3698 Chambers Pass, BHT1, Fort Sam Houston, TX, 78234, USA
| | - Todd O McKinley
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Sarah M Greising
- Extremity Trauma and Regenerative Medicine Task Area, US Army Institute of Surgical Research, 3698 Chambers Pass, BHT1, Fort Sam Houston, TX, 78234, USA
| | - Joseph C Wenke
- Extremity Trauma and Regenerative Medicine Task Area, US Army Institute of Surgical Research, 3698 Chambers Pass, BHT1, Fort Sam Houston, TX, 78234, USA
| | - Benjamin T Corona
- Extremity Trauma and Regenerative Medicine Task Area, US Army Institute of Surgical Research, 3698 Chambers Pass, BHT1, Fort Sam Houston, TX, 78234, USA.
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17
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Choi EK, Lee JH, Baek SH, Kim SJ. Gene expression profile altered by orthodontic tooth movement during healing of surgical alveolar defect. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2017; 151:1107-1115. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2016.10.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2016] [Revised: 10/01/2016] [Accepted: 10/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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18
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Brito C, Stavroullakis A, Ferreira A, Li K, Oliveira T, Nogueira-Filho G, Prakki A. Extract of acai-berry inhibits osteoclast differentiation and activity. Arch Oral Biol 2016; 68:29-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2016.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Revised: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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19
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Freire MS, Cantuária APC, Lima SM, Almeida JA, Murad AM, Franco OL, Rezende TM. NanoUPLC-MSE proteomic analysis of osteoclastogenesis downregulation by IL-4. J Proteomics 2016; 131:8-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2015.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2015] [Revised: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Allium cepa L. and Quercetin Inhibit RANKL/Porphyromonas gingivalis LPS-Induced Osteoclastogenesis by Downregulating NF-κB Signaling Pathway. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 2015:704781. [PMID: 26273314 PMCID: PMC4529940 DOI: 10.1155/2015/704781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2015] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Objectives. We evaluated the in vitro modulatory effects of Allium cepa L. extract (AcE) and quercetin (Qt) on osteoclastogenesis under inflammatory conditions (LPS-induced). Methods. RAW 264.7 cells were differentiated with 30 ng/mL of RANKL, costimulated with PgLPS (1 µg/mL), and treated with AcE (50–1000 µg/mL) or Qt (1.25, 2.5, or 5 µM). Cell viability was determined by alamarBlue and protein assays. Nuclei morphology was analysed by DAPI staining. TRAP assays were performed as follows: p-nitrophenyl phosphate was used to determine the acid phosphatase activity of the osteoclasts and TRAP staining was used to evaluate the number and size of TRAP-positive multinucleated osteoclast cells. Von Kossa staining was used to measure osteoclast resorptive activity. Cytokine levels were measured on osteoclast precursor cell culture supernatants. Using western blot analysis, p-IκBα and IκBα degradation, inhibitor of NF-kappaB, were evaluated. Results. Both AcE and Qt did not affect cell viability and significantly reduced osteoclastogenesis compared to control. We observed lower production of IL-6 and IL-1α and an increased production of IL-3 and IL-4. AcE and Qt downregulated NF-κB pathway. Conclusion. AcE and Qt may be inhibitors of osteoclastogenesis under inflammatory conditions (LPS-induced) via attenuation of RANKL/PgLPS-induced NF-κB activation.
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Könnecke I, Serra A, El Khassawna T, Schlundt C, Schell H, Hauser A, Ellinghaus A, Volk HD, Radbruch A, Duda GN, Schmidt-Bleek K. T and B cells participate in bone repair by infiltrating the fracture callus in a two-wave fashion. Bone 2014; 64:155-65. [PMID: 24721700 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2014.03.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2013] [Revised: 03/22/2014] [Accepted: 03/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Fracture healing is a regenerative process in which bone is restored without scar tissue formation. The healing cascade initiates with a cycle of inflammation, cell migration, proliferation and differentiation. Immune cells invade the fracture site immediately upon bone damage and contribute to the initial phase of the healing process by recruiting accessory cells to the injury site. However, little is known about the role of the immune system in the later stages of fracture repair, in particular, whether lymphocytes participate in soft and hard callus formation. In order to answer this question, we analyzed femoral fracture healing in mice by confocal microscopy. Surprisingly, after the initial inflammatory phase, when soft callus developed, T and B cells withdrew from the fracture site and were detectable predominantly at the femoral neck and knee. Thereafter lymphocytes massively infiltrated the callus region (around day 14 after injury), during callus mineralization. Interestingly, lymphocytes were not found within cartilaginous areas of the callus but only nearby the newly forming bone. During healing B cell numbers seemed to exceed those of T cells and B cells progressively underwent effector maturation. Both, osteoblasts and osteoclasts were found to have direct cell-cell contact with lymphocytes, strongly suggesting a regulatory role of the immune cells specifically in the later stages of fracture healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ireen Könnecke
- Julius Wolff Institut and Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany; Berlin - Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Alessandro Serra
- German Arthritis Research Center (DRFZ), Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Thaqif El Khassawna
- Laboratory of Experimental Trauma Surgery, Justus-Liebig University, Kerkraderstr. 9, 35394 Giessen, Germany.
| | - Claudia Schlundt
- Julius Wolff Institut and Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany; Berlin - Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Hanna Schell
- Julius Wolff Institut and Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany; Berlin - Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Anja Hauser
- German Arthritis Research Center (DRFZ), Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Agnes Ellinghaus
- Julius Wolff Institut and Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Hans-Dieter Volk
- Berlin - Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany; Institute of Medical Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Andreas Radbruch
- Berlin - Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany; German Arthritis Research Center (DRFZ), Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Georg N Duda
- Julius Wolff Institut and Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany; Berlin - Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Katharina Schmidt-Bleek
- Julius Wolff Institut and Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany; Berlin - Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany.
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Yue L, Haroun S, Parent JL, de Brum-Fernandes AJ. Prostaglandin D(2) induces apoptosis of human osteoclasts through ERK1/2 and Akt signaling pathways. Bone 2014; 60:112-21. [PMID: 24345643 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2013.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2013] [Revised: 12/06/2013] [Accepted: 12/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In a recent study we have shown that prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) induces human osteoclast (OC) apoptosis through the activation of the chemoattractant receptor homologous molecule expressed on T-helper type 2 cell (CRTH2) receptor and the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this response remain elusive. The objective of this study is to investigate the intracellular signaling pathways mediating PGD2-induced OC apoptosis. OCs were generated by in vitro differentiation of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), and then treated with or without the selective inhibitors of mitogen-activated protein kinase-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) kinase, (MEK)-1/2, phosphatidylinositol3-kinase (PI3K) and NF-κB/IκB kinase-2 (IKK2) prior to the treatments of PGD2 as well as its agonists and antagonists. Fluorogenic substrate assay and immunoblotting were performed to determine the caspase-3 activity and key proteins involved in Akt, ERK1/2 and NF-κB signaling pathways. Treatments with both PGD2 and a CRTH2 agonist decreased ERK1/2 (Thr202/Tyr204) and Akt (Ser473) phosphorylation, whereas both treatments increased β-arrestin-1 phosphorylation (Ser412) in the presence of naproxen, which was used to eliminate endogenous prostaglandin production. In the absence of naproxen, treatment with a CRTH2 antagonist increased both ERK1/2 and Akt phosphorylations, and reduced the phosphorylation of β-arrestin-1. Treatment of OCs with a selective MEK-1/2 inhibitor increased caspase-3 activity and OC apoptosis induced by both PGD2 and a CRTH2 agonist. Moreover, a CRTH2 antagonist diminished the selective MEK-1/2 inhibitor-induced increase in caspase-3 activity in the presence of endogenous prostaglandins. In addition, treatment of OCs with a selective PI3K inhibitor decreased ERK1/2 (Thr202/Tyr204) phosphorylation caused by PGD2, whereas increased ERK1/2 (Thr202/Tyr204) phosphorylation by a CRTH2 antagonist was attenuated with a PI3K inhibitor treatment. The DP receptor was not implicated in any of the parameters evaluated. Treatment of OCs with PGD2 as well as its receptor agonists and antagonists did not alter the phosphorylation of RelA/p65 (Ser536). Moreover, the caspase-3 activity was not altered in OCs treated with a selective IKK2/NF-κB inhibitor. In conclusion, endogenous or exogenous PGD2 induces CRTH2-dependent apoptosis in human differentiated OCs; β-arrestin-1, ERK1/2, and Akt, but not IKK2/NF-κB are probably implicated in the signaling pathways of this receptor in the model studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yue
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001 12e Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke, Quebec J1H 5N4, Canada; Division of Rheumatology, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001 12e Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke, Quebec J1H 5N4, Canada.
| | - Sonia Haroun
- Division of Rheumatology, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001 12e Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke, Quebec J1H 5N4, Canada.
| | - Jean-Luc Parent
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001 12e Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke, Quebec J1H 5N4, Canada; Division of Rheumatology, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001 12e Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke, Quebec J1H 5N4, Canada.
| | - Artur J de Brum-Fernandes
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001 12e Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke, Quebec J1H 5N4, Canada; Division of Rheumatology, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001 12e Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke, Quebec J1H 5N4, Canada.
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Jung JK, Sohn WJ, Lee Y, Bae YC, Choi JK, Kim JY. Morphological and cellular examinations of experimentally induced malocclusion in mice mandibular condyle. Cell Tissue Res 2013; 355:355-63. [DOI: 10.1007/s00441-013-1754-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2013] [Accepted: 10/31/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Polovina S, Popovic V, Duntas L, Milic N, Micic D. Frax score calculations in postmenopausal women with subclinical hypothyroidism. Hormones (Athens) 2013; 12:439-48. [PMID: 24121385 DOI: 10.1007/bf03401309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of our study was to evaluate the relationship between the elevated TSH and fracture risk in postmenopausal women with subclinical hypothyroidism for evaluation of individuals with a high risk for osteoporotic fractures. DESIGN FRAX score calculation (10-year estimated risk for bone fracture) and measurement of bone markers (osteocalcin and beta cross-laps) were performed in 82 postmenopausal women with newly discovered subclinical hypothyroidism (mean age 59.17±7.07, mean BMI 27.89±3.46kg/m2, menopause onset in 48.05±4.09 years of age) and 51 matched controls (mean age 59.69±5.72, mean BMI 27.68±4.66kg/m2, menopause onset in 48.53±4.58 years of age) with normal thyroid function. RESULTS The main FRAX score was significantly higher in the group with subclinical hypothyroidism than in the controls (6.50±4.58 vs. 4.35±1.56; p=0.001). Hip FRAX score was significantly higher in the group with subclinical hypothyroidism (1.11±1.94 vs. 0.50±0.46; p=0.030). There was no significant difference in bone markers: osteocalcin (23.99±12.63 vs. 21.79±5.34 ng/mL; p=0.484) and beta cross-laps (365.76±184.84 vs. 306.88±110.73 pg/mL; p=0.21) between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS Postmenopausal patients with subclinical hypothyroidism, in particular of autoimmune origin, have higher FRAX scores and a thus greater risk for low-trauma hip fracture than euthyroid postmenopausal women. Our results point to the need to monitor postmenopausal patients with subclinical hypothyroidism for avoidance of fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snezana Polovina
- Clinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Diseases of Metabolism, Clinical Center of Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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Ebersole JL, Dawson DR, Morford LA, Peyyala R, Miller CS, Gonzaléz OA. Periodontal disease immunology: 'double indemnity' in protecting the host. Periodontol 2000 2013; 62:163-202. [PMID: 23574466 PMCID: PMC4131201 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
During the last two to three decades our understanding of the immunobiology of periodontal disease has increased exponentially, both with respect to the microbial agents triggering the disease process and the molecular mechanisms of the host engagement maintaining homeostasis or leading to collateral tissue damage. These foundational scientific findings have laid the groundwork for translating cell phenotype, receptor engagement, intracellular signaling pathways and effector functions into a 'picture' of the periodontium as the host responds to the 'danger signals' of the microbial ecology to maintain homeostasis or succumb to a disease process. These findings implicate the chronicity of the local response in attempting to manage the microbial challenge, creating a 'Double Indemnity' in some patients that does not 'insure' health for the periodontium. As importantly, in reflecting the title of this volume of Periodontology 2000, this review attempts to inform the community of how the science of periodontal immunology gestated, how continual probing of the biology of the disease has led to an evolution in our knowledge base and how more recent studies in the postgenomic era are revolutionizing our understanding of disease initiation, progression and resolution. Thus, there has been substantial progress in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of host-bacteria interactions that result in the clinical presentation and outcomes of destructive periodontitis. The science has embarked from observations of variations in responses related to disease expression with a focus for utilization of the responses in diagnosis and therapeutic outcomes, to current investigations using cutting-edge fundamental biological processes to attempt to model the initiation and progression of soft- and hard-tissue destruction of the periodontium. As importantly, the next era in the immunobiology of periodontal disease will need to engage more sophisticated experimental designs for clinical studies to enable robust translation of basic biologic processes that are in action early in the transition from health to disease, those which stimulate microenvironmental changes that select for a more pathogenic microbial ecology and those that represent a rebalancing of the complex host responses and a resolution of inflammatory tissue destruction.
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