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Almusalami EM, Al-Bazroun MI, Alhasawi AI, Alahmed FS, Al-Muslim ZM, Al-Bazroun LI, Muslim M, Saha C, Kay E, Alzahrani ZA, Ahmed GY, Al Mutair A. Acceptance, Advocacy, and Perception of Health Care Providers on COVID-19 Vaccine: Comparing Early Stage of COVID-19 Vaccination with Latter Stage in the Eastern Region of Saudi Arabia. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:vaccines11020488. [PMID: 36851365 PMCID: PMC9963779 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11020488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Vaccination of healthcare providers has recently gained focused attention of public health officials. As HCPs have direct contact with the population, and HCPs significantly influence the population, this study aimed to compare the acceptance rate, advocacy rate, and beliefs about the COVID-19 vaccine among HCPs in two time periods. In this repeated cross-sectional study, different HCPs were assessed in two periods ten months apart, i.e., November to December 2020 and September to October 2021, which were before and after COVID-19 vaccine approval by authorities. The study was conducted in Qatif Central Hospital, Eastern Region of Saudi Arabia. There were 609 respondents: 236 participants in the first period and 373 participants in the second period. Only 13 participants did not get the COVID-19 vaccine. There was around a 40% difference in the acceptance rate between the two study periods; the latter period was higher at 94.7%. Furthermore, 24.1% was the difference between the willingness to advocate the COVID-19 vaccine for others; the first period had a lower percentage (60.1%). Overall, results of the study showed that vaccine hesitancy, as well as the willingness to advocate for the vaccine, were improved between the pre-vaccine approval period and post-vaccine approval period, showing that the efforts made by the government improved COVID-19 acceptance and advocacy among HCPs. However, vaccine hesitancy is not a new issue, and for a better understanding of HCPs' beliefs, a qualitative study is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman M. Almusalami
- Research Center, Almoosa Specialist Hospital, Al-Ahsa 36342, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence:
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Maryam Muslim
- Almoosa College of Health Sciences, Al-Ahsa 36342, Saudi Arabia
| | - Chandni Saha
- Research Center, Almoosa Specialist Hospital, Al-Ahsa 36342, Saudi Arabia
| | - Elbert Kay
- Population Health Department, John Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Al-khober 31952, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zeyad A. Alzahrani
- Administration, Presidency of State Security Hospital, Riyadh 12223, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gasmelseed Y. Ahmed
- Columbia University Hospital, New York, NY 10027-6907, USA
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Managil University for Sciences and Technology, Managil 21111, Sudan
| | - Abbas Al Mutair
- Research Center, Almoosa Specialist Hospital, Al-Ahsa 36342, Saudi Arabia
- Almoosa College of Health Sciences, Al-Ahsa 36342, Saudi Arabia
- School of Nursing, University of Wollongong, Wollongong 2522, Australia
- Nursing Department, Prince Sultan Military College, Dhahran 34313, Saudi Arabia
- Medical-Surgical Nursing Department, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 84428, Saudi Arabia
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2
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Antibiotics Usage and Resistance among Patients with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 in the Intensive Care Unit in Makkah, Saudi Arabia. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10122148. [PMID: 36560558 PMCID: PMC9784728 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10122148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is a global health and development threat, especially during the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (COVID-19) pandemic. Therefore, the current study was conducted to describe antibiotic usage and resistance among patients with COVID-19 in the intensive care unit (ICU) in Makkah, Saudi Arabia. In this cross-sectional study, only patients with positive COVID-19 status (42 patients) admitted to the ICU at the King Faisal Hospital were selected using a census sampling method. The susceptibility test of bacteria was carried out according to the standard protocol. The identified strains were tested in-vitro against several antibiotics drugs. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 24. A total of 42 patients were included, with a mean age of 59.35 ± 18 years. Of them, 38.1% were males, and 61.9% were females. 35.7% have blood group O +. For age and blood groups, statistically significant associations were found between males and females, with p-values = 0.037 and 0.031, respectively. A large percentage (42.7%) of the obtained samples contained Klebsiella Pneumoniae; all bacteria were multidrug-resistance bacteria. Furthermore, 76.2% of bacteria were resistant to Ampicillin, 66.7% were resistant to Ciprofloxacin, 64.3% were resistant to Levofloxacin, 57.1% were resistant to Imipenem, and 57.1% were resistant to Moxifloxacin. On the contrary, among the 40 examined antibiotics, the effective antibiotics were Daptomycin, Linezolid, Mupirocin, Synercid, Teicoplanin, Vancomycin, and Nitrofurantoin. Our study demonstrates that antibiotic resistance is highly prevalent among ICU patients with COVID-19 at the King Faisal Hospital. Additionally, all bacteria were multidrug-resistance bacteria. Therefore, this high prevalence should be seriously discussed and urgently considered.
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Yamani AH, Alraddadi BM, Almaghrabi RS, Amer AA, Mehdawi FS, Al-Hamzi MA, Aldajani MS, Alattas MS, Elsaed Ramadan AM, Wali GY, Alshukairi AN, Al Mutair A. Early use of tocilizumab in solid organ transplant recipients with COVID-19: A retrospective cohort study in Saudi Arabia. Immun Inflamm Dis 2022; 10:e587. [PMID: 35029324 PMCID: PMC8926500 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tocilizumab was studied to reduce cytokine syndrome in patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia in solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients with conflicting results. We aim to study the early use of tocilizumab in SOT with COVID-19 pneumonia on low flow oxygen. METHODS This is a retrospective cohort study that was conducted in two transplant centers in Saudi Arabia among 46 SOT with COVID-19 comparing 21 patients who received tocilizumab to 25 patients who received standard of care. Their clinical characteristics and outcomes were described. RESULTS Compared to patients who received standard of care, patients in the tocilizumab group were older (60.2 ± 12.8 vs. 48.6 ± 12.3, p = .003), had higher ferritin (862.1 ± 919.1 vs. 414 ± 447.3, p = .025) and C-reactive protein (CRP) (85 ± 83.1 vs. 42.9 ± 57.3, p = .012). More patients in the tocilizumab group required high flow oxygen (38.1% vs. 8.0%, p = .028) compared to patients on standard of care. There were no differences in mortality or mechanical ventilation requirement. Hospital stay was significantly shorter in the tocilizumab group than the standard of care group (9.6 ± 7.4 vs. 20.7 ± 11.7, p < .001). CONCLUSIONS Early use of tocilizumab in SOT was associated with a shorter hospital stay. There was no difference in mortality rate and the requirement for mechanical ventilation in both groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amani H Yamani
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Basem M Alraddadi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reem S Almaghrabi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Afnan A Amer
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Mohammed A Al-Hamzi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Meshari S Aldajani
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, King Abdulaziz Specialist Hospital, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Majda S Alattas
- Pharmaceutical Care Division, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Ghassan Y Wali
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abeer N Alshukairi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,College of Medicine, AlFaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abbas Al Mutair
- Research Center, Almoosa Specialist Hospital, Al-ahsa, Saudi Arabia.,College of Nursing, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,School of Nursing, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
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4
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Alhowaymel F, Abaoud A, Alhuwaimel A, Alenezi A, Alsayed N. COVID-19 Patients’ Satisfaction Levels with Nursing Care: A Cross-Sectional Study. SAGE Open Nurs 2022; 8:23779608221078163. [PMID: 35174280 PMCID: PMC8843417 DOI: 10.1177/23779608221078163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction COVID-19 is the most recent coronavirus diseases that was first identified in
December 2019 and began its exponential spread globally. The critical role
of nurses can be severely impacted during pandemics such as COVID-19 when
the world is less prepared. Objective To investigate and measure COVID-19 patients’ satisfaction levels with the
quality of nursing care provided in the Riyadh Province of Saudi Arabia. Methods The study used a cross-sectional questionnaire to collect data from COVID-19
patients who were hospitalized or quarantined for at least 48 h or more. The
study utilized the Arabic version of the Patient Satisfaction with Nursing
Care Quality Questionnaire (PSNCQQ-Ar) to assess patients’ satisfaction
levels with nursing care. Descriptive statistics, Mann-Whitney U, and
Kruskal-Wallis tests were performed to examine the objectives of the
study. Results Ninety-six patients reported relatively high satisfaction levels with the
overall nursing care. Patients also reported high satisfaction levels with
the provided care, and the information that was provided. There were
statistically significant differences in the mean score of patients
satisfaction in relation to age, educational level, where patients are
originally from, and patients recommendation of the hospitals. Conclusions Individual characteristics and attributes played a role in the process of
evaluating nursing care services. Measuring nursing care quality clarified
the significant role of nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study
provides valuable information that could help in identifying weaknesses and
reinforcing strengths about nursing care to be fully prepared against
pandemics and other health-related crises and emergencies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahad Alhowaymel
- Department of Nursing, College of Applied Medical Sciences Shaqra University, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz Abaoud
- Department of Nursing, College of Applied Medical Sciences Shaqra University, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Atallah Alenezi
- Department of Nursing, College of Applied Medical Sciences Shaqra University, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nahed Alsayed
- King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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5
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Amer YS, Titi MA, Godah MW, Wahabi HA, Hneiny L, Abouelkheir MM, Hamad MH, ElGohary GM, Hamouda MB, Ouertatani H, Velasquez-Salazar P, Acosta-Reyes J, Alhabib SM, Esmaeil SA, Fedorowicz Z, Zhang A, Chen Z, Liptrott SJ, Frungillo N, Jamal AA, Almustanyir SA, Dieyi NU, Powell J, Hon KJ, Alzeidan R, Azzo M, Zambrano-Rico S, Ramirez-Jaramillo P, Florez ID. International alliance and AGREE-ment of 71 clinical practice guidelines on the management of critical care patients with COVID-19: a living systematic review. J Clin Epidemiol 2022; 142:333-370. [PMID: 34785346 PMCID: PMC8590623 DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2021.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to systematically identify and critically assess the clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) for the management of critically ill patients with COVID-19 with the AGREE II instrument. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING We searched Medline, CINAHL, EMBASE, CNKI, CBM, WanFang, and grey literature from November 2019 - November 2020. We did not apply language restrictions. One reviewer independently screened the retrieved titles and abstracts, and a second reviewer confirmed the decisions. Full texts were assessed independently and in duplicate. Disagreements were resolved by consensus. We included any guideline that provided recommendations on the management of critically ill patients with COVID-19. Data extraction was performed independently and in duplicate by two reviewers. We descriptively summarized CPGs characteristics. We assessed the quality with the AGREE II instrument and we summarized relevant therapeutic interventions. RESULTS We retrieved 3,907 records and 71 CPGs were included. Means (Standard Deviations) of the scores for the 6 domains of the AGREE II instrument were 65%(SD19.56%), 39%(SD19.64%), 27%(SD19.48%), 70%(SD15.74%), 26%(SD18.49%), 42%(SD34.91) for the scope and purpose, stakeholder involvement, rigor of development, clarity of presentation, applicability, editorial independence domains, respectively. Most of the CPGs showed a low overall quality (less than 40%). CONCLUSION Future CPGs for COVID-19 need to rely, for their development, on standard evidence-based methods and tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasser S. Amer
- Pediatrics Department and Clinical Practice Guidelines Unit, Quality Management Department, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia,Research Chair for Evidence-Based Health Care and Knowledge Translation, Deanship of Scientific Research, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia,Alexandria Center for Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines, Alexandria University Medical Council, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Maher A. Titi
- Research Chair for Evidence-Based Health Care and Knowledge Translation, Deanship of Scientific Research, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia,Patient Safety Unit, Quality Management Department King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad W. Godah
- Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hayfaa A. Wahabi
- Research Chair for Evidence-Based Health Care and Knowledge Translation, Deanship of Scientific Research, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia,Family & Community Medicine Department, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Layal Hneiny
- Saab Medical Library, University Libraries, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | | | - Muddathir H. Hamad
- Division of Neurology, Pediatrics Department, King Khalid University Hospital, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghada Metwally ElGohary
- Internal Medicine and Clinical Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt,University Oncology Center, University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Ben Hamouda
- Clinical Practice Guidelines Unit, INEAS l instance Nationale de l'évaluation et de l'accréditation en santé 7 Rue Ahmed Rami le belvedere 1001 Tunis-TUNISIA
| | - Hella Ouertatani
- Clinical Pathways Unit, National Authority for Assessment and Accreditation in Healthcare (INEAS), Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Pamela Velasquez-Salazar
- Unidad de Evidencia y Deliberación para la toma de Decisiones (UNED), Faculty of Medicine, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Jorge Acosta-Reyes
- Department of Public Health, Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Samia M. Alhabib
- National Center for Evidence-Based Health Practice, Saudi Health Council, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia,King Abdullah Bin Abdulaziz University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samia Ahmed Esmaeil
- Research Chair for Evidence-Based Health Care and Knowledge Translation, Deanship of Scientific Research, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zbys Fedorowicz
- Veritas Health Sciences Consultancy Ltd., Huntingdon, United Kingdom
| | - Ailing Zhang
- First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhe Chen
- First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | | | - Niccolò Frungillo
- Oncology Unit, ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, PO Fateberefratelli, Piazza Principessa Clotilde 3, 20121, Milan, Italy
| | - Amr A. Jamal
- Research Chair for Evidence-Based Health Care and Knowledge Translation, Deanship of Scientific Research, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia,Family & Community Medicine Department, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Newman Ugochukwu Dieyi
- Division of Community Health and Humanities, Memorial University, St. John's Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
| | - John Powell
- National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, London, UK,Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, Radcliffe Observatory Quarter, Oxford OX2 6GG, UK
| | - Katrina J. Hon
- Division of Community Health and Humanities, Memorial University, St. John's Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada,Neuroscience, Mind, Brain, and Behavior, Harvard University, MA, USA
| | - Rasmieh Alzeidan
- Cardiac Sciences Department, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Majduldeen Azzo
- Pediatrics Emergency Department, The International Medical Center, Hail Street, 21451, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Ivan D. Florez
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia,School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada,Corresponding author: Tel.: +57 4 219 2480
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6
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Alhazzani W, Alshahrani M, Alshamsi F, Aljuhani O, Eljaaly K, Hashim S, Alqahtani R, Alsaleh D, Al Duhailib Z, Algethamy H, Al-Musawi T, Alshammari T, Alqarni A, Khoujah D, Tashkandi W, Dahhan T, Almutairi N, Alserehi HA, Al-Yahya M, Al-Judaibi B, Arabi YM, Abualenain J, Alotaibi JM, Al Bshabshe A, Alharbi R, Al-Hameed F, Elhazmi A, Almaghrabi RS, Almaghlouth F, Abedalthagafi M, Al Khathlan N, Al-Suwaidan FA, Bunyan RF, Baw B, Alghamdi G, Al Hazmi M, Mandourah Y, Assiri A, Enani M, Alawi M, Aljindan R, Aljabbary A, Alrbiaan A, Algurashi F, Alsaawi A, Alenazi TH, Alsultan MA, Alqahtani SA, Memish Z, Al-Tawfiq JA, Al-Jedai A. The Saudi Critical Care Society practice guidelines on the management of COVID-19 in the ICU: Therapy section. J Infect Public Health 2022; 15:142-151. [PMID: 34764042 PMCID: PMC8527699 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2021.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The rapid increase in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases during the subsequent waves in Saudi Arabia and other countries prompted the Saudi Critical Care Society (SCCS) to put together a panel of experts to issue evidence-based recommendations for the management of COVID-19 in the intensive care unit (ICU). METHODS The SCCS COVID-19 panel included 51 experts with expertise in critical care, respirology, infectious disease, epidemiology, emergency medicine, clinical pharmacy, nursing, respiratory therapy, methodology, and health policy. All members completed an electronic conflict of interest disclosure form. The panel addressed 9 questions that are related to the therapy of COVID-19 in the ICU. We identified relevant systematic reviews and clinical trials, then used the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach as well as the evidence-to-decision framework (EtD) to assess the quality of evidence and generate recommendations. RESULTS The SCCS COVID-19 panel issued 12 recommendations on pharmacotherapeutic interventions (immunomodulators, antiviral agents, and anticoagulants) for severe and critical COVID-19, of which 3 were strong recommendations and 9 were weak recommendations. CONCLUSION The SCCS COVID-19 panel used the GRADE approach to formulate recommendations on therapy for COVID-19 in the ICU. The EtD framework allows adaptation of these recommendations in different contexts. The SCCS guideline committee will update recommendations as new evidence becomes available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waleed Alhazzani
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Canada; Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Canada; GUIDE Center, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Canada.
| | - Mohammed Alshahrani
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fayez Alshamsi
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ohoud Aljuhani
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Eljaaly
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samaher Hashim
- Department of Medicine, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rakan Alqahtani
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Doaa Alsaleh
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn's School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NYC, USA; King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, NGHA, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zainab Al Duhailib
- Critical Care Medicine Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haifa Algethamy
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tariq Al-Musawi
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Dr Sulaiman AlHabib Hospital, AlKhobar, Saudi Arabia; Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland- Medical University of Bahrain, Bahrain
| | - Thamir Alshammari
- Medication Safety Research Chair, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; College of Pharmacy, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Alqarni
- Department of Emergencies, Disasters, and Medical Transportation, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Danya Khoujah
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Wail Tashkandi
- Department of Surgery, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Critical Care, Fakeeh Care Group, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Talal Dahhan
- Critical Care Medicine Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, USA
| | - Najla Almutairi
- Department of Emergencies, Disasters, and Medical Transportation, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Maytha Al-Yahya
- Department of Emergency Medicine, King AbdulAziz Medical City (KAMC), Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Yaseen M Arabi
- King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences and King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jameel Abualenain
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jawaher M Alotaibi
- Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Al Bshabshe
- Department of Medicine/Adult Critical Care, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reham Alharbi
- Critical Care Department, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad Al-Hameed
- Department of Intensive Care, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alyaa Elhazmi
- Dr. Sulaiman Al-Habib Medical Group, Critical Care Department, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reem S Almaghrabi
- Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatma Almaghlouth
- Respiratory Care Department, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Malak Abedalthagafi
- Genomics Research Department, Saudi Human Genome Project, King Fahad Medical City and King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Noor Al Khathlan
- Respiratory Care Department, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal A Al-Suwaidan
- Clinical Excellence Administration and King Fahad Medical City, Second Health Cluster in Riyadh, Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reem F Bunyan
- Center for Improving Value in Health, Saudi Arabia; Department of Neurology, King Fahad Specialist Hospital Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bandar Baw
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Canada; Department of Emergency Medicine, King AbdulAziz Medical City (KAMC), Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghassan Alghamdi
- Department of Medicine and Intensive Care, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manal Al Hazmi
- Department of Medicine, King Fahad Specialist-Dammam, E1 Cluster, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yasser Mandourah
- General Directorate of Military Medical Services, Ministry of Defense, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Assiri
- Infection Prevention and Control, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mushira Enani
- Section of Infectious Diseases Medical Specialties Department, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha Alawi
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Parasitology, Infection Control and Environmental Health Unit, King Abdulaziz Hospital, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reem Aljindan
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Aljabbary
- Department of Intensive Care, Security Forces Hospital Program in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Alrbiaan
- Critical Care Medicine Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahd Algurashi
- Division of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulmohsen Alsaawi
- Department of Emergency Medicine, King AbdulAziz Medical City (KAMC), Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Thamer H Alenazi
- King Abdulaziz Medical City, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Saleh A Alqahtani
- Liver Transplant Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA
| | - Ziad Memish
- Research and Innovation Center, King Saud Medical City, Ministry of Health, & College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jaffar A Al-Tawfiq
- Infectious Disease Division, Indiana University School of Medicine, IN, USA; Infectious Disease Division, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA; Quality Department, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Al-Jedai
- Colleges of Medicine and Pharmacy, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Therapeutic Affairs, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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7
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Alqahtani JS, Aldabayan YS, AlAhmari MD, AlRabeeah SM, Aldhahir AM, Alghamdi SM, Oyelade T, Althobiani M, Alrajeh AM. Clinical Practice and Barriers of Ventilatory Support Management in COVID-19 Patients in Saudi Arabia: A Survey of Respiratory Therapists. SAUDI JOURNAL OF MEDICINE & MEDICAL SCIENCES 2021; 9:223-229. [PMID: 34667468 PMCID: PMC8473999 DOI: 10.4103/sjmms.sjmms_58_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Objective: This study was conducted to determine the clinical practice and barriers of ventilatory support management in COVID-19 patients in Saudi Arabia among respiratory therapists. Methods: A validated questionnaire comprising three parts was distributed to all critical care respiratory therapists registered with the Saudi Society for Respiratory Care through the official social networks. Results: A total of 74 respiratory therapists completed the survey. The mean (±standard deviation) of intensive care unit beds was 67 ± 79. Clinical presentation (54%) and arterial blood gas (38%) were the two main diagnostic tools used to initiate ventilatory support. While protocols for the initiation of invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV; 81%) were widely available, participants had limited availability of protocols for the use of non-invasive ventilation (NIV; 34%) and high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC; 34%). In mild cases of COVID-19, most respondents used HFNC (57%), while IMV was mostly used in moderate (43%) and severe (93%) cases. Regular ventilator check was mostly done every 4 h (57%). BiPAP (47.3%) and full-face masks (45.9%) were the most used mode and interface, respectively, while pressure-regulated volume control (55.4%) and pressure control (27%) were the most used mechanical ventilation modes for COVID-19 patients. In terms of use of proning, 62% used it on IMV, while 26% reported using awake proning. Staff shortage (51.4%), personal protective equipment (PPE) shortage (51.4%), increased workload (45.9%), inadequate training (43.2%) and lack of available protocols and policies (37.8%) were the main barriers. Conclusion: Ventilatory support management of COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia was inconsistent with the global practice, lacked uniformity, and there was limited use of standard protocols/treatment guidelines. Shortage of staff and PPE, increased workload and insufficient training were the most prevalent barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaber S Alqahtani
- Respiratory Medicine, University College London, London, UK.,Department of Respiratory Care, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yousef S Aldabayan
- Respiratory Care Department, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed D AlAhmari
- Department of Respiratory Care, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saad M AlRabeeah
- Department of Respiratory Care, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulelah M Aldhahir
- Respiratory Care Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed M Alghamdi
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tope Oyelade
- Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Malik Althobiani
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed M Alrajeh
- Respiratory Care Department, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
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8
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Managing critical care during COVID-19 pandemic: The experience of an ICU of a tertiary care hospital. J Infect Public Health 2021; 14:1635-1641. [PMID: 34627058 PMCID: PMC8481117 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2021.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The COVID-19 pandemic has strained ICUs worldwide. To learn from our experience, we described the critical care response to the outbreak. Methods This is a case study of the response of the Intensive Care Department (75-bed capacity) at a tertiary-care hospital to COVID-19 pandemic, which resulted in a high number of critically ill patients. Results Between March 1 and July 31, 2020, 822 patients were admitted to the adult non-cardiac ICUs with suspected (72%)/confirmed (38%) COVID-19. At the peak of the surge, 125 critically ill patients with COVID-19 were managed on single day. To accommodate these numbers, the bed capacity of 4 ICUs was increased internally from 58 to 71 beds (+40%) by cohorting 2 patients/room in selected rooms; forty additional ICUs beds were created in 2 general wards; one cardiac ICU was converted to managed non-COVID-19 general ICU patients and one ward was used as a stepdown for COVID-19 patients. To manage respiratory failure, 53 new ICU ventilators, 90 helmets for non-invasive ventilation and 47 high-flow nasal cannula machines were added to the existing capacity. Dedicated medical teams cared for the COVID-19 patients to prevent cross-contamination. The nurse-to-patient and RT-to-patient ratio remained mostly 1:1 and 1:6, respectively. One-hundred-ten ward nurses were up-skilled to care for COVID-19 and other ICU patients using tiered staffing model. Daily executive rounds were conducted to identify patients for transfer and at least 10 beds were made available for new COVID-19 admissions/day. The consumption of PPE increased multiple fold compared with the period preceding the pandemic. Regular family visits were not allowed and families were updated daily by videoconferencing and phone calls. Conclusions Our ICU response to the COVID-19 pandemic required almost doubling ICU bed capacity and changing multiple aspects of ICU workflow to be able to care for high numbers of affected patients.
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9
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Arabi YM, Tlayjeh H, Aldekhyl S, Al-Dorzi HM, Abdukahil SA, Al Harbi MK, Al Haji H, Al Mutairi M, Al Zumai O, Al Qasim E, Al Wehaibi W, Al Qahtani S, Al-Hameed F, Chalabi J, Alshahrani M, Albrahim T, Alharthy A, Mady A, Bin Eshaq A, Al Bshabshe AA, Al Aseri Z, Al Duhailib Z, Kharaba A, Alqahtani R, Al Ghamdi A, Altalag A, Alghamdi K, Almaani M, Algethamy H, Al Aqeily A, Al Baseet F, Al Samannoudi H, Al Obaidi M, Ismaiel YT, Al-Fares AA. Helmet Non-Invasive Ventilation for COVID-19 Patients (Helmet-COVID): study protocol for a multicentre randomised controlled trial. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e052169. [PMID: 34446500 PMCID: PMC8392742 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-052169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) delivered by helmet has been used for respiratory support of patients with acute hypoxaemic respiratory failure due to COVID-19 pneumonia. The aim of this study was to compare helmet NIV with usual care versus usual care alone to reduce mortality. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This is a multicentre, pragmatic, parallel randomised controlled trial that compares helmet NIV with usual care to usual care alone in a 1:1 ratio. A total of 320 patients will be enrolled in this study. The primary outcome is 28-day all-cause mortality. The primary outcome will be compared between the two study groups in the intention-to-treat and per-protocol cohorts. An interim analysis will be conducted for both safety and effectiveness. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Approvals are obtained from the institutional review boards of each participating institution. Our findings will be published in peer-reviewed journals and presented at relevant conferences and meetings. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT04477668.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaseen M Arabi
- Intensive Care Department, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haytham Tlayjeh
- Intensive Care Department, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sara Aldekhyl
- Intensive Care Department, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hasan M Al-Dorzi
- Intensive Care Department, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sheryl Ann Abdukahil
- Intensive Care Department, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Khulaif Al Harbi
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Anesthesia, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Husain Al Haji
- Respiratory Services Department, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Al Mutairi
- Respiratory Services Department, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar Al Zumai
- Respiratory Services Department, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eman Al Qasim
- Intensive Care Department, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wedyan Al Wehaibi
- Intensive Care Department, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saad Al Qahtani
- Intensive Care Department, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad Al-Hameed
- Intensive Care Department, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jamal Chalabi
- Intensive Care Department, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Alshahrani
- Departments of Emergency and Critical Care, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Al Khobar, Saudi Arabia
| | - Talal Albrahim
- Department of Critical Care, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, King Fahad Hospital of the University, Al Khobar, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Ahmed Mady
- Intensive Care Department, King Saud Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Abdulhadi Bin Eshaq
- Intensive Care Department, King Khalid Hospital Najran, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali A Al Bshabshe
- College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Intensive Care Department, Aseer Central Hospital, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zohair Al Aseri
- Departments of Emergency Medicine and Critical Care, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zainab Al Duhailib
- Adult Critical Care Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayman Kharaba
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Departments, King Fahad Hospital Madinah, Madinah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rakan Alqahtani
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adnan Al Ghamdi
- Department of Intensive Care Services, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Altalag
- Department of Intensive Care Services, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Alghamdi
- Intensive Care Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Almaani
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haifa Algethamy
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Al Aqeily
- Respiratory Services Department, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal Al Baseet
- Respiratory Services Department, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hashem Al Samannoudi
- Respiratory Services Department, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Al Obaidi
- Respiratory Services Department, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yassin T Ismaiel
- Respiratory Services Department, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman A Al-Fares
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care Medicine and Pain Medicine, Al-Amiri Hospital, Kuwait
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10
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Alharbi AA, Alqassim AY, Gosadi IM, Aqeeli AA, Muaddi MA, Makeen AM, Alhazmi AH, Alharbi AA. Regional differences in COVID-19 ICU admission rates in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: A simulation of the new model of care under vision 2030. J Infect Public Health 2021; 14:717-723. [PMID: 34020211 PMCID: PMC8113109 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2021.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Saudi Arabia has succeeded in having one of the lowest rates of COVID-19 worldwide due to the government’s initiatives in taking swift action to control both the spread and severity of the virus. However, Covid-19 can serve as a test case of the expected response of the new healthcare system under Vision 2030. This study used data from the thirteen present administrative regions of KSA to simulate the variations in ICU admission as a quality indicator in the five business units proposed by a new Model of Care. Methods We determined the rates of ICU admission for patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) from March to mid-July 2020. The final sample included 1743 inpatients with moderate to severe COVID-19. Patient characteristics, including demographics, pre-existing chronic conditions, and COVID-19 complications, were collected. Business units (BUs) were compared with respect to the relative odds of ICU admission by using multiple logistic regression. Results After keeping patient and clinical characteristics constant, clear BU differences were observed in the relative odds of ICU admission of COVID-19 patients. Inpatient admission to ICU in our total sample was almost 50%. Compared to the Central BU, the Northern and Western BUs showed significantly higher odds of ICU admission while the Eastern & Southern BUs had significantly lower odds. Conclusion ICU use for COVID-19 patients differed significantly in KSA healthcare BUs, consistent with variations in care for other non-COVID-19-related conditions. These differences cannot be explained by patient or clinical characteristics, suggesting quality-of-care differences. We believe that privatization and the shift to fewer administrative BUs will help lessen or eliminate altogether the present variations in healthcare service provision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah A Alharbi
- Family and Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan City, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ahmad Y Alqassim
- Family and Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan City, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim M Gosadi
- Family and Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan City, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulwahab A Aqeeli
- Family and Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan City, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A Muaddi
- Family and Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan City, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anwar M Makeen
- Family and Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan City, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz H Alhazmi
- Microbiology and Medical Parasitology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan City, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad A Alharbi
- Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan City, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
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11
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Al Mutair A, Alhumaid S, Alhuqbani WN, Zaidi ARZ, Alkoraisi S, Al-Subaie MF, AlHindi AM, Abogosh AK, Alrasheed AK, Alsharafi AA, Alhuqbani MN, Alhowar NA, Salih S, Alhedaithy MA, Al-Tawfiq JA, Al-Shammari H, Abdulqawi R, Ismail AF, Hamdan N, Saad F, Olhaye FA, Eltahir TA, Rabaan AA, Al-Omari A. Clinical, epidemiological, and laboratory characteristics of mild-to-moderate COVID-19 patients in Saudi Arabia: an observational cohort study. Eur J Med Res 2020; 25:61. [PMID: 33239068 PMCID: PMC7686832 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-020-00462-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) emerged from China in December 2019 and has presented as a substantial and serious threat to global health. We aimed to describe the clinical, epidemiological, and laboratory findings of patients in Saudi Arabia infected with SARS-CoV-2 to direct us in helping prevent and treat coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) across Saudi Arabia and around the world. Materials and methods Clinical, epidemiological, laboratory, and radiological characteristics, treatment, and outcomes of pediatric and adult patients in five hospitals in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, were surveyed in this study. Results 401 patients (mean age 38.16 ± 13.43 years) were identified to be SARS-CoV-2 positive and 80% of cases were male. 160 patients had moderate severity and 241 were mild in severity. The most common signs and symptoms at presentation were cough, fever, fatigue, and shortness of breath. Neutrophil and lymphocyte counts, aspartate aminotransferase, C-reactive protein, and ferritin were higher in the COVID-19 moderate severity patient group. Mild severity patients spent a shorter duration hospitalized and had slightly higher percentages of abnormal CT scans and X-ray imaging. Conclusions This study provides an understanding of the features of non-ICU COVID-19 patients in Saudi Arabia. Further national collaborative studies are needed to streamline screening and treatment procedures for COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbas Al Mutair
- Research Center, Dr. Sulaiman Al Habib Medical Group, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Saad Alhumaid
- Administration of Pharmaceutical Care, Alahsa, Ministry of Health, Rashdiah Street, P. O. Box 12944, Alahsa, 31982, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Waad N Alhuqbani
- Research Center, Dr. Sulaiman Al Habib Medical Group, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdul Rehman Z Zaidi
- Research Center, Dr. Sulaiman Al Habib Medical Group, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Safug Alkoraisi
- Department of Critical Care, Al Hammadi Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha F Al-Subaie
- Research Center, Dr. Sulaiman Al Habib Medical Group, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Ahmed K Abogosh
- College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Aya A Alsharafi
- College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Njoud A Alhowar
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samer Salih
- Research Center, Dr. Sulaiman Al Habib Medical Group, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Jaffar A Al-Tawfiq
- Infectious Disease Unit, Specialty Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Haifa Al-Shammari
- Department of Histopathology, King Saud Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rayid Abdulqawi
- Research Center, Dr. Sulaiman Al Habib Medical Group, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Alaa F Ismail
- Research Center, Dr. Sulaiman Al Habib Medical Group, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Noura Hamdan
- Research Center, Dr. Sulaiman Al Habib Medical Group, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fares Saad
- Research Center, Dr. Sulaiman Al Habib Medical Group, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad A Olhaye
- Department of Internal Medicine, Al Hammadi Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tarig A Eltahir
- Department of Internal Medicine, Al Hammadi Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali A Rabaan
- Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Awad Al-Omari
- Research Center, Dr. Sulaiman Al Habib Medical Group, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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12
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Al Mutair A, Amr A, Ambani Z, Salman KA, Schwebius D. Nursing Surge Capacity Strategies for Management of Critically Ill Adults with COVID-19. NURSING REPORTS 2020; 10:23-32. [PMID: 34968261 PMCID: PMC8608109 DOI: 10.3390/nursrep10010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: There is a vital need to develop strategies to improve nursing surge capacity for caring of patients with coronavirus (COVID-19) in critical care settings. COVID-19 has spread rapidly, affecting thousands of patients and hundreds of territories. Hospitals, through anticipation and planning, can serve patients and staff by developing strategies to cope with the complications that a surge of COVID-19 places on the provision of adequate intensive care unit (ICU) nursing staff—both in numbers and in training. Aims: The aim is to provide an evidence-based starting point from which to build expanding staffing models dealing with these additional demands. Design/Method: In order to address and develop nursing surge capacity strategies, a five-member expert panel was formed. Multiple questions directed towards nursing surge capacity strategies were posed by the assembled expert panel. Literature review was conducted through accessing various databases including MEDLINE, CINAHL, Cochrane Central, and EMBASE. All studies were appraised by at least two reviewers independently using the Joanna Briggs Institute JBI Critical Appraisal Tools. Results: The expert panel has issued strategies and recommendation statements. These proposals, supported by evidence-based resources in regard to nursing staff augmentation strategies, have had prior success when implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusion: The proposed guidelines are intended to provide a basis for the provision of best practice nursing care during times of diminished intensive care unit (ICU) nursing staff capacity and resources due to a surge in critically ill patients. The recommendations and strategies issued are intended to specifically support critical care nurses incorporating COVID-19 patients. As new knowledge evidence becomes available, updates can be issued and strategies, guidelines and/or policies revised. Relevance to Clinical Practice: Through discussion and condensing research, healthcare professionals can create a starting point from which to synergistically develop strategies to combat crises that a pandemic like COVID-19 produces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbas Al Mutair
- Research Center, Dr. Sulaiman Al Habib Medical Group, Riyadh 91877, Saudi Arabia;
- Nursing School, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
- Correspondence:
| | - Anas Amr
- Patient Safety Center, Riyadh 9264, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Zainab Ambani
- Nursing College, King Saud Ben Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Al-Hofuf 32641, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Khulud Al Salman
- Nursing Department, Al-Jaber Hospital for Ear, Nose, Throat and Eye, Ministry of Health, Al-Hofuf 36422, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Deborah Schwebius
- Research Center, Dr. Sulaiman Al Habib Medical Group, Riyadh 91877, Saudi Arabia;
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