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Ortiz Valdez E, Rangel-Escareño C, Matus Santos JA, Vázquez Romo R, Guijosa A, Villarreal-Garza C, Arrieta O, Rodríguez-Bautista R, Caro-Sánchez CH, Ortega Gómez A. Characterization of triple negative breast cancer gene expression profiles in Mexican patients. Mol Clin Oncol 2022; 18:5. [PMID: 36605097 PMCID: PMC9808158 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2022.2601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive type of cancer that accounts for ~23% of breast tumors in Mexico. In an attempt to understand in an improved way the behavior of TNBC, throughout the years, gene expression in these tumors has been studied. Lehman et al identified 6 subtypes of gene expression in TNBC with distinct characteristics. In the present study, it was aimed to assess clinical, pathological and prognostic characteristics of TNBC in a Mexican-based cohort. A total of 55 patients diagnosed with TNBC at Mexico's National Institute of Cancer (INCan) were included. Tumor needle biopsy samples were obtained and subjected to microarray analysis. Patients were thus classified into one of the 6 TNBC molecular subtypes. The prognostic, clinical and pathological information of patients was obtained, and differences across molecular subtypes were sought. Out of the 55 included patients, the following subtypes were identified: 9 basal-like-1, 11 basal-like-2 (BSL2), 16 immunomodulatory (IM), 12 mesenchymal, 6 androgen receptor-like and 1 mesenchymal stem-like. Mean follow-up time was 47.1 months. The IM molecular subtype had the best overall survival (OS) (median OS was not reached). BSL2 had the worst OS (15 months). A complete pathologic response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy was obtained more often in the IM subtype (P=0.032). No significant associations were found between any of the clinical or pathological characteristics and the TNBC molecular subtypes. The results obtained from the present study should be considered when seeking to implement a clinical-molecular model for TNBC patient care, particularly in Hispanic-based populations, as they have been frequently underrepresented in clinical studies assessing TNBC molecular subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Ortiz Valdez
- Breast Tumors Department, Mexico's National Institute of Cancer, Sección XVI, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Claudia Rangel-Escareño
- Computational Genomics Department, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Arenal Tepepan, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14610, Mexico
| | - Juan Antonio Matus Santos
- Breast Tumors Department, Mexico's National Institute of Cancer, Sección XVI, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Rafael Vázquez Romo
- Breast Tumors Department, Mexico's National Institute of Cancer, Sección XVI, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Alberto Guijosa
- School of Medicine, Universidad Panamericana, Benito Juárez, Mexico City 03920, Mexico
| | - Cynthia Villarreal-Garza
- Breast Cancer Center, Hospital Zambrano Hellion TecSalud, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Real San Agustín, San Pedro Garza García, Nuevo León 66278, Mexico
| | - Oscar Arrieta
- Thoracic Oncology Unit, Mexico's National Institute of Cancer, Sección XVI, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Rubén Rodríguez-Bautista
- Thoracic Oncology Unit, Mexico's National Institute of Cancer, Sección XVI, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Claudia H. Caro-Sánchez
- Pathology Department, Mexico's National Institute of Cancer, Sección XVI, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Alette Ortega Gómez
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Mexico's National Institute of Cancer, Sección XVI, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico,Correspondence to: Dr Alette Ortega Gómez, Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Mexico's National Institute of Cancer, 22 San Fernando Avenue, Sección XVI, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
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Chen X, Yang D, Carey JPW, Karakas C, Albarracin C, Sahin AA, Arun BK, Guray Durak M, Li M, Kohansal M, Bui TN, Ha MJ, Hunt KK, Keyomarsi K. Targeting Replicative Stress and DNA Repair by Combining PARP and Wee1 Kinase Inhibitors Is Synergistic in Triple Negative Breast Cancers with Cyclin E or BRCA1 Alteration. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13071656. [PMID: 33916118 PMCID: PMC8036262 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13071656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a subtype of invasive breast cancer with an aggressive phenotype that has decreased survival compared with other types of breast cancers, due in part to the lack of biomarker driven targeted therapies. Here, we show that breast cancer patients whose tumors show high levels of cyclin E expression have a higher prevalence of BRCA1/2 alterations and have the worst clinical outcomes. In vitro and in vivo studies revealed that combination therapies with poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and Wee1 kinase inhibitors in TNBC cells with either BRCA1 mutations or high levels of cyclin E results in synergistic cell death due to induction of replicative stress and downregulation of DNA repair. These studies suggest that by preselecting patients whose tumors have high cyclin E levels or harbor mutations in BRCA1, only those cases with the highest replicative stress properties will be subjected to combination treatment and likely result in synergistic activity of the two agents. Abstract The identification of biomarker-driven targeted therapies for patients with triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains a major clinical challenge, due to a lack of specific targets. Here, we show that cyclin E, a major regulator of G1 to S transition, is deregulated in TNBC and is associated with mutations in DNA repair genes (e.g., BRCA1/2). Breast cancers with high levels of cyclin E not only have a higher prevalence of BRCA1/2 mutations, but also are associated with the worst outcomes. Using several in vitro and in vivo model systems, we show that TNBCs that harbor either mutations in BRCA1/2 or overexpression of cyclin E are very sensitive to the growth inhibitory effects of AZD-1775 (Wee 1 kinase inhibitor) when used in combination with MK-4837 (PARP inhibitor). Combination treatment of TNBC cell lines with these two agents results in synergistic cell killing due to induction of replicative stress, downregulation of DNA repair and cytokinesis failure that results in increased apoptosis. These findings highlight the potential clinical application of using cyclin E and BRCA mutations as biomarkers to select only those patients with the highest replicative stress properties that may benefit from combination treatment with Wee 1 kinase and PARP inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Chen
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (X.C.); (D.Y.); (J.P.W.C.); (C.K.); (M.G.D.); (M.L.); (M.K.); (T.N.B.)
| | - Dong Yang
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (X.C.); (D.Y.); (J.P.W.C.); (C.K.); (M.G.D.); (M.L.); (M.K.); (T.N.B.)
| | - Jason P. W. Carey
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (X.C.); (D.Y.); (J.P.W.C.); (C.K.); (M.G.D.); (M.L.); (M.K.); (T.N.B.)
| | - Cansu Karakas
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (X.C.); (D.Y.); (J.P.W.C.); (C.K.); (M.G.D.); (M.L.); (M.K.); (T.N.B.)
| | - Constance Albarracin
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (C.A.); (A.A.S.)
| | - Aysegul A. Sahin
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (C.A.); (A.A.S.)
| | - Banu K. Arun
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Merih Guray Durak
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (X.C.); (D.Y.); (J.P.W.C.); (C.K.); (M.G.D.); (M.L.); (M.K.); (T.N.B.)
| | - Mi Li
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (X.C.); (D.Y.); (J.P.W.C.); (C.K.); (M.G.D.); (M.L.); (M.K.); (T.N.B.)
| | - Mehrnoosh Kohansal
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (X.C.); (D.Y.); (J.P.W.C.); (C.K.); (M.G.D.); (M.L.); (M.K.); (T.N.B.)
| | - Tuyen N. Bui
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (X.C.); (D.Y.); (J.P.W.C.); (C.K.); (M.G.D.); (M.L.); (M.K.); (T.N.B.)
| | - Min-Jin Ha
- Department of Bioinformatics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Kelly K. Hunt
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Khandan Keyomarsi
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (X.C.); (D.Y.); (J.P.W.C.); (C.K.); (M.G.D.); (M.L.); (M.K.); (T.N.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-713-792-4845
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3
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Heat Shock Protein 90 (Hsp90)-Inhibitor-Luminespib-Loaded-Protein-Based Nanoformulation for Cancer Therapy. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12081798. [PMID: 32796651 PMCID: PMC7465148 DOI: 10.3390/polym12081798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Drugs targeting heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) have been extensively explored for their anticancer potential in advanced clinical trials. Nanoformulations have been an important drug delivery platform for the anticancer molecules like Hsp90 inhibitors. It has been reported that bovine serum albumin (BSA) nanoparticles (NPs) serve as carriers for anticancer drugs, which have been extensively explored for their therapeutic efficacy against cancers. Luminespib (also known as NVP-AUY922) is a new generation Hsp90 inhibitor that was introduced recently. It is one of the most studied Hsp90 inhibitors for a variety of cancers in Phase I and II clinical trials and is similar to its predecessors such as the ansamycin class of molecules. To our knowledge, nanoformulations for luminespib remain unexplored for their anticancer potential. In the present study, we developed aqueous dispensable BSA NPs for controlled delivery of luminespib. The luminespib-loaded BSA NPs were characterized by SEM, TEM, FTIR, XPS, UV-visible spectroscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy. The results suggest that luminespib interacts by non-covalent reversible interactions with BSA to form drug-loaded BSA NPs (DNPs). Our in vitro evaluations suggest that DNP-based aqueous nanoformulations can be used in both pancreatic (MIA PaCa-2) and breast (MCF-7) cancer therapy.
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4
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Parmar V, Nair NS, Thakkar P, Chitkara G. Molecular Biology in the Breast Clinics-Current status and future perspectives. Indian J Surg Oncol 2019; 12:7-20. [PMID: 33994723 DOI: 10.1007/s13193-019-00954-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is no longer considered a single disease, and with better understanding of cancer biology, its management has evolved over the years, into a complex individualized use of therapeutics based on variable expressions of predictive and prognostic factors. With the advent of molecular and genetic research, the complexity and diversity of breast cancer cells and their ability to survive and develop resistance to treatment strategies became more evident. At the same time, targeted therapies evolved, as specific targets were discovered such as HER2 receptor, and androgen receptor. More recent is the development of immunotherapy which aims at strengthening the host immune system to identify and kill the tumor cells. In breast cancer treatment, use of molecular tests has been a target of controversies, due to their high costs and inaccessibility in limited resource situations. Research in breast cancer is also proceeding at a rapid pace, but it is important to remember that breast cancer continues to be a complex interplay of alterations at molecular and genetic level, with the variability in expressions at protein level leading to difference in behavior and responses to treatment and overall outcome. In the succeeding paragraphs, we will try to review the available evidence in literature and attempt to understand the molecular complexity of breast cancer in order to simplify the art of treating the disease and improving outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vani Parmar
- Breast Unit, Tata Memorial Centre, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra 410210 India
| | - Nita S Nair
- Breast Unit, Tata Memorial Centre, Tata Memorial Hospital, Ernest Borges Rd, Parel, Mumbai, 400012 India
| | - Purvi Thakkar
- Breast Unit, Tata Memorial Centre, Tata Memorial Hospital, Ernest Borges Rd, Parel, Mumbai, 400012 India
| | - Garvit Chitkara
- Breast Unit, Tata Memorial Centre, Tata Memorial Hospital, Ernest Borges Rd, Parel, Mumbai, 400012 India
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5
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Vojtek M, Marques MPM, Ferreira IMPLVO, Mota-Filipe H, Diniz C. Anticancer activity of palladium-based complexes against triple-negative breast cancer. Drug Discov Today 2019; 24:1044-1058. [PMID: 30849441 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2019.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Treatment of triple-negative breast carcinoma (TNBC) remains an unmet medical need with no targeted therapy available to date. Accounting for 10-30% of all human breast cancer tumors, this mammary carcinoma subtype has a particularly poor prognosis owing to its high metastatic potential, aggressive biology and limited pharmacological treatment options. Platinum chemotherapeutics are the mainstay therapy in patients with TNBC but their clinical use is limited by severe toxicity and acquired resistance. Palladium-based complexes are appealing alternative metal-based drugs because of significant similarities regarding structure and coordination chemistry with the platinum agents. This review summarizes the knowledge gathered so far on 121 Pd(II) complexes, emphasizing their anticancer activity and putative pharmacological targets toward TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Vojtek
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria P M Marques
- Unidade de I&D "Química-Física Molecular", Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Isabel M P L V O Ferreira
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Bromatology and Hydrology, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Hélder Mota-Filipe
- iMed.ULisboa, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Carmen Diniz
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
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6
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Tzeng YDT, Liu PF, Li JY, Liu LF, Kuo SY, Hsieh CW, Lee CH, Wu CH, Hsiao M, Chang HT, Shu CW. Kinome-Wide siRNA Screening Identifies Src-Enhanced Resistance of Chemotherapeutic Drugs in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1285. [PMID: 30473665 PMCID: PMC6238227 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Chemotherapy is the main treatment for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), which lack molecular markers for diagnosis and therapy. Cancer cells activate chemoresistant pathways and lead to therapeutic failure for patients with TNBC. Several kinases have been identified as chemoresistant genes. However, the involvement of kinases in the chemoresistance in TNBC cells is not fully understood. Methods: We employed a kinome siRNA library to screen whether targeting any kinases could increase the chemosensitivity of TNBC cell lines. The effects of kinase on cell viability in various breast cancer cells were validated with ATP level and colony formation. Protein expression and phosphorylation were determined by immunoblotting. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset was collected to analyze the correlation of Src expression with prognosis of TNBC patients. Results: Primary screening and validation for the initial hits showed that Src kinase was a potential doxorubicin-resistant kinase in the TNBC cell lines MDA-MB-231 and Hs578T. Both siRNA against Src and the Src inhibitor dasatinib enhanced the cytotoxic effects of doxorubicin in TNBC cells. Moreover, phosphorylation of AKT and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), downstream effectors of Src, were accordingly decreased in Src-silenced or -inhibited TNBC cells. Additionally, TCGA data analysis indicated that Src expression levels in tumor tissues were higher than those in tumor-adjacent normal tissues in patients with TNBC. High co-expression level of Src and STAT3 was also significantly correlated with poor prognosis in patients. Conclusion: Our results showed that Src-STAT3 axis might be involved in chemoresistance of TNBC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Dun Tony Tzeng
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Feng Liu
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Nursing, Shu-Zen Junior College of Medicine and Management, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ju-Yueh Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Li-Feng Liu
- School of Medicine for International Students, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Institute of Biological Science & Technology, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Soong-Yu Kuo
- Department of Biotechnology, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chiao-Wei Hsieh
- Institute of Biological Science & Technology, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hsin Lee
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsuan Wu
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Michael Hsiao
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Tai Chang
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Wen Shu
- School of Medicine for International Students, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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7
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Guney Eskiler G, Cecener G, Egeli U, Tunca B. Triple negative breast cancer: new therapeutic approaches andBRCAstatus. APMIS 2018; 126:371-379. [DOI: 10.1111/apm.12836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gamze Guney Eskiler
- Deparment of Medical Biology; Faculty of Medicine; Sakarya University; Sakarya Turkey
| | - Gulsah Cecener
- Deparment of Medical Biology; Faculty of Medicine; Uludag University; Bursa Turkey
| | - Unal Egeli
- Deparment of Medical Biology; Faculty of Medicine; Uludag University; Bursa Turkey
| | - Berrin Tunca
- Deparment of Medical Biology; Faculty of Medicine; Uludag University; Bursa Turkey
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8
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Hamilton N, Austin D, Márquez-Garbán D, Sanchez R, Chau B, Foos K, Wu Y, Vadgama J, Pietras R. Receptors for Insulin-Like Growth Factor-2 and Androgens as Therapeutic Targets in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E2305. [PMID: 29099049 PMCID: PMC5713274 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18112305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Revised: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) occurs in 10-15% of all breast cancer patients, yet it accounts for about half of all breast cancer deaths. There is an urgent need to identify new antitumor targets to provide additional treatment options for patients afflicted with this aggressive disease. Preclinical evidence suggests a critical role for insulin-like growth factor-2 (IGF2) and androgen receptor (AR) in regulating TNBC progression. To advance this work, a panel of TNBC cell lines was investigated with all cell lines showing significant expression of IGF2. Treatment with IGF2 stimulated cell proliferation in vitro (p < 0.05). Importantly, combination treatments with IGF1R inhibitors BMS-754807 and NVP-AEW541 elicited significant inhibition of TNBC cell proliferation (p < 0.001). Based on Annexin-V binding assays, BMS-754807, NVP-AEW541 and enzalutamide induced TNBC cell death (p < 0.005). Additionally, combination of enzalutamide with BMS-754807 or NVP-AEW541 exerted significant reductions in TNBC proliferation even in cells with low AR expression (p < 0.001). Notably, NVP-AEW541 and BMS-754807 reduced AR levels in BT549 TNBC cells. These results provide evidence that IGF2 promotes TNBC cell viability and proliferation, while inhibition of IGF1R/IR and AR pathways contribute to blockade of TNBC proliferation and promotion of apoptosis in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nalo Hamilton
- UCLA School of Nursing, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
- UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
| | - David Austin
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cancer Research and Training, Charles Drew University School of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA 90059, USA.
| | - Diana Márquez-Garbán
- UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
- UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
| | - Rudy Sanchez
- Department of Biology, California State University Channel Islands, Camarillo, CA 93012, USA.
| | - Brittney Chau
- Department of Integrative Ecology and Evolutionary Biology and Physiology, UCLA College of Life Sciences, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
| | - Kay Foos
- Department Physiological, UCLA College of Life Sciences, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
| | - Yanyuan Wu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cancer Research and Training, Charles Drew University School of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA 90059, USA.
| | - Jaydutt Vadgama
- UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cancer Research and Training, Charles Drew University School of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA 90059, USA.
- UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
| | - Richard Pietras
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cancer Research and Training, Charles Drew University School of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA 90059, USA.
- UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
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9
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Bayraktar R, Pichler M, Kanlikilicer P, Ivan C, Bayraktar E, Kahraman N, Aslan B, Oguztuzun S, Ulasli M, Arslan A, Calin G, Lopez-Berestein G, Ozpolat B. MicroRNA 603 acts as a tumor suppressor and inhibits triple-negative breast cancer tumorigenesis by targeting elongation factor 2 kinase. Oncotarget 2017; 8:11641-11658. [PMID: 28036267 PMCID: PMC5355293 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive type of breast cancer characterized by the absence of defined molecular targets, including estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) and is associated with high rates of relapse and distant metastasis despite surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy. The lack of effective targeted therapies for TNBC represents an unmet therapeutic challenge. Eukaryotic elongation factor 2 kinase (eEF2K) is an atypical calcium/calmodulin-dependent serine/threonine kinase that promotes TNBC tumorigenesis, progression, and drug resistance, representing a potential novel molecular target. However, the mechanisms regulating eEF2K expression are unknown. Here, we report that eEF2K protein expression is highly up-regulated in TNBC cells and patient tumors and it is associated with poor patient survival and clinical outcome. We found that loss/reduced expression of miR-603 leads to eEF2K overexpression in TNBC cell lines. Its expression results in inhibition of eEF2K by directly targeting the 3-UTR and the inhibition of tumor cell growth, migration and invasion in TNBC. In vivo therapeutic gene delivery of miR-603 into TNBC xenograft mouse models by systemic administration of miR-603-nanoparticles led to a significant inhibition of eEF2K expression and tumor growth, which was associated with decreased activity of the downstream targets of eEF2K, including Src, Akt, cyclin D1 and c-myc. Our findings suggest that miR-603 functions as a tumor suppressor and loss of miR-603 expression leads to increase in eEF2K expression and contributes to the growth, invasion, and progression of TNBC. Taken together, our data suggest that miR-603-based gene therapy is a potential strategy against TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Recep Bayraktar
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.,Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Martin Pichler
- Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Pinar Kanlikilicer
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Cristina Ivan
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.,Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Emine Bayraktar
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.,Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Nermin Kahraman
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Burcu Aslan
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | - Mustafa Ulasli
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Arslan
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - George Calin
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.,Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Gabriel Lopez-Berestein
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.,Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Bulent Ozpolat
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.,Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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10
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Dai D, Chen B, Tang H, Wang B, Zhao Z, Xie X, Wei W. Nomograms for Predicting the Prognostic Value of Pre-Therapeutic CA15-3 and CEA Serum Levels in TNBC Patients. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0161902. [PMID: 27561099 PMCID: PMC4999206 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have indicated that carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and cancer antigen 15–3 (CA15-3) levels are both independent prognostic factors in breast cancer. However, the utility of CEA and CA15-3 levels as conventional cancer biomarkers in patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains controversial. The current study was performed to explore the predictive value of pre-therapeutic serum CEA and CA15-3 levels, and nomograms were developed including these serum cancer biomarkers to improve the prognostic evaluation of TNBC patients. Pre-therapeutic CA15-3 and CEA concentrations were measured in 247 patients with stage I–IV TNBC. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that TNBC patients with high levels of both CEA and CA15-3 had shorter overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) rates than those in the low-level groups (p<0.05). Multivariate analysis suggested that pre-therapeutic CA15-3 and CEA levels are independent predictive elements for OS (p = 0.022 and p = 0.040, respectively) and DFS (p = 0.023 and p = 0.028, respectively). In addition, novel nomograms were established and validated to provide personal forecasts of OS and DFS for patients with TNBC. These novel nomograms may help physicians to select the optimal treatment plans to ensure the best outcomes for TNBC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danian Dai
- Department of Breast Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Breast Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hailin Tang
- Department of Breast Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Institute of Life Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhiping Zhao
- Institute of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoming Xie
- Department of Breast Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- * E-mail: (WW); (XX)
| | - Weidong Wei
- Department of Breast Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- * E-mail: (WW); (XX)
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11
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Cokmert S, Bahadir F, Guler T, Tanriverdi O. Male breast cancer exhibiting features of basal-like subtype female breast cancer. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jons.2016.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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12
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Chakraborty S, Ghosh S, Banerjee B, Santra A, Adhikary A, Misra AK, Sen PC. Phemindole, a Synthetic Di-indole Derivative Maneuvers the Store Operated Calcium Entry (SOCE) to Induce Potent Anti-Carcinogenic Activity in Human Triple Negative Breast Cancer Cells. Front Pharmacol 2016; 7:114. [PMID: 27199756 PMCID: PMC4854895 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), is a specific subtype of epithelial breast tumors that are immuno-histochemically negative for the protein expression of the estrogen receptor (ER), the progesterone receptor (PR) and lack over expression/gene amplification of HER2. This subtype of breast cancers is highly metastatic, shows poor prognosis and hence represents an important clinical challenge to researchers worldwide. Thus alternative approaches of drug development for TNBC have gained utmost importance in the present times. Dietary indole and its derivatives have gained prominence as anti-cancer agents and new therapeutic approaches are being developed to target them against TNBC. But a major drawback with 3, 3′di Indolyl methane (DIM) is their poor bioavailability and high effective concentration against TNBC. However, the Aryl methyl ring substituted analogs of DIM display interesting anti-cancer activity in breast cancer cells. In the current study we report the synthesis of a novel synthetic aryl methyl ring substituted analog of DIM, named as Phemindole as an effective anti-tumor agent against TNBC cells. Furthermore, we enumerated that Phemindole caused reactive oxygen species mediated mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis in MDAMB-231 cells. Furthermore, Phemindole mediated Store Operated Calcium Entry (SOCE) retardation favored inactivation of STIM1 and henceforth activated ER stress to induce apoptosis in TNBC cells. Simultaneously, Phemindole was also found to restrict the in vitro cell migration through its anti mitotic property and pFAK regulation. Studies extended to ex ovo and in vivo mice models further validated the efficacy of Phemindole. Thus our results cumulatively propose Phemindole as a new chemotherapeutic regime which might be effective to target the deadly aspects of the TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Abhishek Santra
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute Kolkata, India
| | - Arghya Adhikary
- Centre for Research in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Calcutta Kolkata, India
| | - Anup K Misra
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute Kolkata, India
| | - Parimal C Sen
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute Kolkata, India
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13
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Tudoran O, Soritau O, Balacescu L, Visan S, Barbos O, Cojocneanu-Petric R, Balacescu O, Berindan-Neagoe I. Regulation of stem cells-related signaling pathways in response to doxorubicin treatment in Hs578T triple-negative breast cancer cells. Mol Cell Biochem 2015; 409:163-76. [PMID: 26187676 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-015-2522-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2015] [Accepted: 07/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Different molecular changes have been previously associated with therapeutic response and recurrent disease, however, the detailed mechanism of action in triple-negative breast cancer subtype remains elusive. In this study, we investigated the cellular and molecular signaling of two claudin-low triple-negative breast cancer cells to doxorubicin and docetaxel treatment. Whole human transcriptomic evaluation was used to identify the subsequent changes in gene expression, while biological effects were measured by means of proliferation and anchorage-independent growth assays. Microarray analysis revealed changes in stem cell-related signaling pathways, suggesting that doxorubicin treatment affects the balance between self-renewal and differentiation. While the treatment reduced the proliferation, aggregation and mammosphere forming ability of stem-like cells derived from Hs578T cell line, stem-like cells derived from MDA-MB-231 cells were not significantly affected. Our results suggest that claudin-low triple-negative breast cancer cells might predominantly alter stem cell-related signaling pathways to promote stem-like cells activity as an innate resistance mechanism to doxorubicin treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oana Tudoran
- Department of Functional Genomics and Experimental Pathology, The Oncology Institute I. Chiricuta, Cluj-Napoca, 34-36 Republicii Str, 400015, Cluj-Napoca, Cluj, Romania.
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Marinescu Gh. Str., 400337, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Olga Soritau
- Department of Functional Genomics and Experimental Pathology, The Oncology Institute I. Chiricuta, Cluj-Napoca, 34-36 Republicii Str, 400015, Cluj-Napoca, Cluj, Romania
| | - Loredana Balacescu
- Department of Functional Genomics and Experimental Pathology, The Oncology Institute I. Chiricuta, Cluj-Napoca, 34-36 Republicii Str, 400015, Cluj-Napoca, Cluj, Romania
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Marinescu Gh. Str., 400337, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Simona Visan
- Department of Functional Genomics and Experimental Pathology, The Oncology Institute I. Chiricuta, Cluj-Napoca, 34-36 Republicii Str, 400015, Cluj-Napoca, Cluj, Romania
- Department of Pathologic Anatomy, Necropsy and Veterinary Forensic Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 3-5 Calea Manastur, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Otilia Barbos
- Department of Functional Genomics and Experimental Pathology, The Oncology Institute I. Chiricuta, Cluj-Napoca, 34-36 Republicii Str, 400015, Cluj-Napoca, Cluj, Romania
| | - Roxana Cojocneanu-Petric
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Marinescu Gh. Str., 400337, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ovidiu Balacescu
- Department of Functional Genomics and Experimental Pathology, The Oncology Institute I. Chiricuta, Cluj-Napoca, 34-36 Republicii Str, 400015, Cluj-Napoca, Cluj, Romania
| | - Ioana Berindan-Neagoe
- Department of Functional Genomics and Experimental Pathology, The Oncology Institute I. Chiricuta, Cluj-Napoca, 34-36 Republicii Str, 400015, Cluj-Napoca, Cluj, Romania
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Marinescu Gh. Str., 400337, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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14
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Bahhnassy A, Mohanad M, Shaarawy S, Ismail MF, El-Bastawisy A, Ashmawy AM, Zekri AR. Transforming growth factor-β, insulin-like growth factor I/insulin-like growth factor I receptor and vascular endothelial growth factor-A: prognostic and predictive markers in triple-negative and non-triple-negative breast cancer. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:851-64. [PMID: 25824321 PMCID: PMC4438878 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.3560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2014] [Accepted: 01/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In the current study, the prognostic and predictive values of serum transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I)/IGF-I receptor (IGF-IR) and vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) were evaluated in triple-negative and non-triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC and non-TNBC). The aim was to identify a group of serological biomarkers and to identify possible candidates for targeted therapy in patients with TNBC and non-TNBC. Protein levels of TGF-β1, IGF-I/IGF-IR and VEGF-A in the serum were measured in 43 TNBC, 53 non-TNBC and 20 normal control participants using quantitative ELISA assays. Results were correlated against standard prognostic factors, response to treatment and survival. TNBC was identified to be associated with poor prognosis and serum levels of VEGF-A and IGF/IGF-IR were significantly higher in the TNBC group compared with the non-TNBC group. IGF-IR and VEGF-A overexpression was observed to be correlated with TGF-β1 expression and all of the markers investigated were associated with metastasis and disease progression. In the multivariate analysis, VEGF-A, IGF-I and IGF-IR were observed to be independent predictors for overall survival, whereas TGF-β1 and lymph node status were identified as independent predictors for disease-free survival. The overall response rate was significantly lower in patients with TNBC and those with high levels of TGF-β1, IGF-I/IGF-IR and VEGF-A. In view of the present results, it was concluded that TGF-β1, IGF-I/IGF-IR and VEGF-A overexpression is associated with the presence of aggressive tumors, which exhibit an increased probability of metastasis, a poor response to treatment and reduced survival rate. This indicates that VEGF-A, IGF-IR and IGF-I have the potential to be used as surrogate biomarkers and are promising candidates for targeted therapy, particularly in patients with TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer Bahhnassy
- Molecular Pathology Unit, Pathology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo 11796, Egypt
| | - Marwa Mohanad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr University for Science and Technology, Cairo 11796, Egypt
| | - Sabry Shaarawy
- Department of Cancer Biology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo 11796, Egypt
| | - Manal F Ismail
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11796, Egypt
| | - Ahmed El-Bastawisy
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo 11796, Egypt
| | - Abeer M Ashmawy
- Department of Cancer Biology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo 11796, Egypt
| | - Abdel-Rahman Zekri
- Department of Cancer Biology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo 11796, Egypt
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15
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O'Reilly EA, Gubbins L, Sharma S, Tully R, Guang MHZ, Weiner-Gorzel K, McCaffrey J, Harrison M, Furlong F, Kell M, McCann A. The fate of chemoresistance in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). BBA CLINICAL 2015; 3:257-75. [PMID: 26676166 PMCID: PMC4661576 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbacli.2015.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 268] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Revised: 03/03/2015] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Treatment options for women presenting with triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) are limited due to the lack of a therapeutic target and as a result, are managed with standard chemotherapy such as paclitaxel (Taxol®). Following chemotherapy, the ideal tumour response is apoptotic cell death. Post-chemotherapy, cells can maintain viability by undergoing viable cellular responses such as cellular senescence, generating secretomes which can directly enhance the malignant phenotype. SCOPE OF REVIEW How tumour cells retain viability in response to chemotherapeutic engagement is discussed. In addition we discuss the implications of this retained tumour cell viability in the context of the development of recurrent and metastatic TNBC disease. Current adjuvant and neo-adjuvant treatments available and the novel potential therapies that are being researched are also reviewed. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS Cellular senescence and cytoprotective autophagy are potential mechanisms of chemoresistance in TNBC. These two non-apoptotic outcomes in response to chemotherapy are inextricably linked and are neglected outcomes of investigation in the chemotherapeutic arena. Cellular fate assessments may therefore have the potential to predict TNBC patient outcome. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Focusing on the fact that cancer cells can bypass the desired cellular apoptotic response to chemotherapy through cellular senescence and cytoprotective autophagy will highlight the importance of targeting non-apoptotic survival pathways to enhance chemotherapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elma A O'Reilly
- UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, UCD School of Medicine and Medical Science (SMMS), Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland ; Department of Surgery, Mater Misericordiae Hospital, Dublin 7, Ireland
| | - Luke Gubbins
- UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, UCD School of Medicine and Medical Science (SMMS), Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Shiva Sharma
- UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, UCD School of Medicine and Medical Science (SMMS), Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland ; Department of Surgery, Mater Misericordiae Hospital, Dublin 7, Ireland
| | - Riona Tully
- UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, UCD School of Medicine and Medical Science (SMMS), Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Matthew Ho Zhing Guang
- UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, UCD School of Medicine and Medical Science (SMMS), Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Karolina Weiner-Gorzel
- UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, UCD School of Medicine and Medical Science (SMMS), Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - John McCaffrey
- Department of Oncology, Mater Misericordiae Hospital, Dublin 7, Ireland
| | - Michele Harrison
- Department of Pathology, Mater Misericordiae Hospital, Dublin 7, Ireland
| | - Fiona Furlong
- School of Pharmacy, Queens University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK
| | - Malcolm Kell
- Department of Surgery, Mater Misericordiae Hospital, Dublin 7, Ireland
| | - Amanda McCann
- UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, UCD School of Medicine and Medical Science (SMMS), Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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16
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Hamilton N, Márquez-Garbán D, Mah V, Elshimali Y, Elashoff D, Garon E, Vadgama J, Pietras R. Estrogen Receptor-β and the Insulin-Like Growth Factor Axis as Potential Therapeutic Targets for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Crit Rev Oncog 2015; 20:373-90. [PMID: 27279236 PMCID: PMC5495464 DOI: 10.1615/critrevoncog.v20.i5-6.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs) lack estrogen receptor-α (ERα), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) amplification and account for almost half of all breast cancer deaths. This breast cancer subtype largely affects women who are premenopausal, African-American, or have BRCA1/2 mutations. Women with TNBC are plagued with higher rates of distant metastasis that significantly diminish their overall survival and quality of life. Due to their poor response to chemotherapy, patients with TNBC would significantly benefit from development of new targeted therapeutics. Research suggests that the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) family and estrogen receptor beta-1 (ERβ1), due to their roles in metabolism and cellular regulation, might be attractive targets to pursue for TNBC management. Here, we review the current state of the science addressing the roles of ERβ1 and the IGF family in TNBC. Further, the potential benefit of metformin treatment in patients with TNBC as well as areas of therapeutic potential in the IGF-ERβ1 pathway are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nalo Hamilton
- UCLA School of Nursing, Los Angeles, CA
- UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Diana Márquez-Garbán
- UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Vei Mah
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Yayha Elshimali
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cancer Research and Training, Charles Drew University School of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA
| | - David Elashoff
- UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA
- Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Edward Garon
- UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Jaydutt Vadgama
- UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cancer Research and Training, Charles Drew University School of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Richard Pietras
- UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA
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17
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Alam S, Bowser BS, Israr M, Conway MJ, Meyers C. Adeno-associated virus type 2 infection of nude mouse human breast cancer xenograft induces necrotic death and inhibits tumor growth. Cancer Biol Ther 2014; 15:1013-28. [PMID: 24834917 DOI: 10.4161/cbt.29172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously reported that infection with the non-pathogenic, tumor suppressive, wild-type adeno-associated virus type 2 (AAV2) inhibited proliferation of breast cancer-derived lines representing both weakly invasive (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-468), as well as aggressive (MDA-MB-231) cancer types. AAV2-induced death occurred via targeting pathways of apoptosis and necrosis. In contrast, normal human mammary epithelial cells were unaffected upon AAV2 infection. The current study characterizes AAV2 infection and subsequent death of the highly aggressive, triple-negative (ER(-)/PR(-)/HER2(-)) MDA-MB-435 cell line derived from metastatic human breast carcinoma. Monolayer MDA-MB-435 cultures infected with AAV2 underwent complete apoptotic cell death characterized by activation of caspases -7, -8, and -9 and PARP cleavage. Death was further correlated with active AAV2 genome replication and differential expression of viral non-structural proteins Rep78 and Rep52. Cell death coincided with increased entry into S and G 2 phases, upregulated expression of the proliferation markers Ki-67 and the monomeric form of c-Myc. Expression of the p16(INK4), p27(KIP1), p21(WAF1), and p53 tumor suppressors was downregulated, indicating marked S phase progression, but sharply contrasted with hypo-phosphorylated pRb. In parallel, MDA-MB-435 breast tumor xenografts which received intratumoral injections of AAV2 were growth retarded, displayed extensive areas of necrosis, and stained positively for c-Myc as well as cleaved caspase-8. Therefore, AAV2 induced death of MDA-MB-435 xenografts was modulated through activation of caspase-regulated death pathways in relation to signals for cell cycle controls. Our findings provide foundational studies for development of novel AAV2 based therapeutics for treating aggressive, triple-negative breast cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samina Alam
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology; The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine; Hershey, PA USA
| | - Brian S Bowser
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology; The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine; Hershey, PA USA
| | - Mohd Israr
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology; The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine; Hershey, PA USA
| | - Michael J Conway
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology; The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine; Hershey, PA USA
| | - Craig Meyers
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology; The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine; Hershey, PA USA
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Yao Y, Chen S, Zhou X, Xie L, Chen A. 5-FU and ixabepilone modify the microRNA expression profiles in MDA-MB-453 triple-negative breast cancer cells. Oncol Lett 2013; 7:541-547. [PMID: 24396484 PMCID: PMC3881949 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2013.1697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2013] [Accepted: 10/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to discover new potential mechanisms of chemotherapy with drugs used in the treatment of luminal androgen receptor (LAR)-type triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). We examined the microRNA (miRNA) expression profiles of LAR-type TNBC in vitro, and explored the variation in miRNA expression profiles in cells when treated with the chemotherapy drugs capecitabine and ixabepilone. The present study revealed that the expression levels of the three antitumor miRNAs, miR-122a, miR-145 and miR-205, were significantly elevated in MDA-MB-453 LAR-type TNBC tumor cells treated with 5-fluorouracil together with ixabepilone. By contrast, carcinogenic miR-296 miRNA expression significantly declined, and levels of several other miRNAs such as miR-221, miR-210, miR-21 and miR-10b were also altered. The drugs may exert their effects through the regulation of miRNA expression levels, thereby providing a theoretical basis for clinical implementation of miRNA expression profiles as a diagnostic method for the early diagnosis, classification and prognosis of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongshan Yao
- Third Department of General Surgery, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443003, P.R. China
| | - Shenghan Chen
- Department of Electrocardiography, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443003, P.R. China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Third Department of General Surgery, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443003, P.R. China
| | - Li Xie
- Third Department of General Surgery, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443003, P.R. China
| | - Aijun Chen
- Third Department of General Surgery, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443003, P.R. China
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19
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Johnson KP, Yearby LA, Stoute D, Burow ME, Rhodes LV, Gray M, Carriere P, Tilghman SL, McLachlan JA, Ochieng J. In vitro and in vivo evaluation of novel anticancer agents in triple negative breast cancer models. J Health Care Poor Underserved 2013; 24:104-11. [PMID: 23395947 DOI: 10.1353/hpu.2013.0047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is subtype of breast disease devoid of the estrogen, progesterone, and Her2/neu receptors which are targets for pharmacological intervention. There is a need for novel anti-breast cancer agents that target TNBC. Therefore, novel isochalcone DJ52 was evaluated using the alamar blue dye exclusion assay, the luciferase colony assay, and xenograft models to determine its efficacy and potency. DJ52 significantly decreased proliferation of cells measured by using the alamar blue dye method and produced IC50 values of DJ52, DJ56, and DJ82 at 10-6M, 10-5M, and 10-5M, respectively. In vivo studies were conducted by injecting MDA-MB-231 cells into SCID mice to determine tumor regression was measured over 20 days. DJ52 at 50 mg/kg caused significant decrease in tumor volume (p value <.05) by nearly 50% compared with the control with vehicle alone. These data suggest that DJ52 has merit for further evaluation as a novel anticancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- KiTani Parker Johnson
- Division of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xavier University of Louisiana, School of Pharmacy, 1 Drexel Drive, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA.
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20
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Solano AR, Aceto GM, Delettieres D, Veschi S, Neuman MI, Alonso E, Chialina S, Chacón RD, Renato MC, Podestá EJ. BRCA1 And BRCA2 analysis of Argentinean breast/ovarian cancer patients selected for age and family history highlights a role for novel mutations of putative south-American origin. SPRINGERPLUS 2012; 1:20. [PMID: 23961350 PMCID: PMC3725882 DOI: 10.1186/2193-1801-1-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2012] [Accepted: 08/30/2012] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The spectrum of BRCA1/2 genetic variation in breast-ovarian cancer patients has been scarcely investigated outside Europe and North America, with few reports for South America, where Amerindian founder effects and recent multiracial immigration are predicted to result in high genetic diversity. We describe here the results of BRCA1/BRCA2 germline analysis in an Argentinean series of breast/ovarian cancer patients selected for young age at diagnosis or breast/ovarian cancer family history. METHODS The study series (134 patients) included 37 cases diagnosed within 40 years of age and no family history (any ethnicity, fully-sequenced), and 97 cases with at least 2 affected relatives (any age), of which 57 were non-Ashkenazi (fully-sequenced) and 40 Ashkenazi (tested only for the founder mutations c.66_67delAG and c.5263insC in BRCA1 and c.5946delT in BRCA2). DISCUSSION We found 24 deleterious mutations (BRCA1:16; BRCA2: 8) in 38/134 (28.3%) patients, of which 6/37 (16.2%) within the young age group, 15/57 (26.3%) within the non-Ahkenazi positive for family history; and 17/40 (42.5%) within the Ashkenazi. Seven pathogenetic mutations were novel, five in BRCA1: c.1502_1505delAATT, c.2626_2627delAA c.2686delA, c.2728 C > T, c.3758_3759delCT, two in BRCA2: c.7105insA, c.793 + 1delG. We also detected 72 variants of which 54 previously reported and 17 novel, 33 detected in an individual patient. Four missense variants of unknown clinical significance, identified in 5 patients, are predicted to affect protein function. While global and European variants contributed near 45% of the detected BRCA1/2 variation, the significant fraction of new variants (25/96, 26%) suggests the presence of a South American genetic component. This study, the first conducted in Argentinean patients, highlights a significant impact of novel BRCA1/2 mutations and genetic variants, which may be regarded as putatively South American, and confirms the important role of founder BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations in Argentinean Ashkenazi Jews.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Rosaria Solano
- Laboratorio HRDC, INBIOMED-CONICET, Departamento de Bioquímica Humana, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Paraguay 2155 Piso 5, (C1121ABG) Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Centro de Estudios Médicos e Investigaciones Clínicas, Galván 4102, (C1431FWO) Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gitana Maria Aceto
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University, Via dei Vestini 1, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Dreanina Delettieres
- Centro de Estudios Médicos e Investigaciones Clínicas, Galván 4102, (C1431FWO) Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Serena Veschi
- Unit of General Pathology, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University, and Aging Research Center (CeSI), G. d’Annunzio Universith Foundation, Via Colle dell’Ara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Maria Isabel Neuman
- Laboratorio HRDC, INBIOMED-CONICET, Departamento de Bioquímica Humana, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Paraguay 2155 Piso 5, (C1121ABG) Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Eduardo Alonso
- Hospital Italiano, Virasoro 1249 (CB1921XAA), Rosario, Santa Fé, Argentina
| | - Sergio Chialina
- Hospital Italiano, Virasoro 1249 (CB1921XAA), Rosario, Santa Fé, Argentina
| | - Reinaldo Daniel Chacón
- Laboratorio HRDC, INBIOMED-CONICET, Departamento de Bioquímica Humana, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Paraguay 2155 Piso 5, (C1121ABG) Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariani-Costantini Renato
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University, Via dei Vestini 1, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Ernesto Jorge Podestá
- Laboratorio HRDC, INBIOMED-CONICET, Departamento de Bioquímica Humana, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Paraguay 2155 Piso 5, (C1121ABG) Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Orlando UD, Garona J, Ripoll GV, Maloberti PM, Solano ÁR, Avagnina A, Gomez DE, Alonso DF, Podestá EJ. The functional interaction between Acyl-CoA synthetase 4, 5-lipooxygenase and cyclooxygenase-2 controls tumor growth: a novel therapeutic target. PLoS One 2012; 7:e40794. [PMID: 22808264 PMCID: PMC3396606 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0040794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2012] [Accepted: 06/13/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The acyl-CoA synthetase 4 (ACSL4), which esterify mainly arachidonic acid (AA) into acyl-CoA, is increased in breast, colon and hepatocellular carcinoma. The transfection of MCF-7 cells with ACSL4 cDNA transforms the cells into a highly aggressive phenotype and controls both lipooxygenase-5 (LOX-5) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) metabolism of AA, suggesting a causal role of ACSL4 in tumorigenesis. We hypothesized that ACSL4, LOX-5 and COX-2 may constitute potential therapeutic targets for the control of tumor growth. Therefore, the aim of this study was to use a tetracycline Tet-Off system of MCF-7 xenograft model of breast cancer to confirm the effect of ACSL4 overexpression on tumor growth in vivo. We also aim to determine whether a combinatorial inhibition of the ACSL4-LOX-COX-2 pathway affects tumor growth in vivo using a xenograft model based on MDA-MB-231 cells, a highly aggressive breast cancer cell line naturally overexpressing ACSL4. The first novel finding is that stable transfection of MCF-7 cells with ACSL4 using the tetracycline Tet-Off system of MCF-7 cells resulted in development of growing tumors when injected into nude mice. Tumor xenograft development measured in animals that received doxycycline resulted in tumor growth inhibition. The tumors presented marked nuclear polymorphism, high mitotic index and low expression of estrogen and progesterone receptor. These results demonstrate the transformational capacity of ACSL4 overexpression. We examined the effect of a combination of inhibitors of ACSL4, LOX-5 and COX-2 on MDA-MB-231 tumor xenografts. This treatment markedly reduced tumor growth in doses of these inhibitors that were otherwise ineffective when used alone, indicating a synergistic effect of the compounds. Our results suggest that these enzymes interact functionally and form an integrated system that operates in a concerted manner to regulate tumor growth and consequently may be potential therapeutic targets for the control of proliferation as well as metastatic potential of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulises D. Orlando
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (INBIOMED), Department of Human Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juan Garona
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Quilmes National University, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Giselle V. Ripoll
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Quilmes National University, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Paula M. Maloberti
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (INBIOMED), Department of Human Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ángela R. Solano
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (INBIOMED), Department of Human Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alejandra Avagnina
- Pathology Unit, Hospital Universitario-Centro de Estudios Médicos e Investigación Clínica (CEMIC), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Daniel E. Gomez
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Quilmes National University, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Daniel F. Alonso
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Quilmes National University, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ernesto J. Podestá
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (INBIOMED), Department of Human Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- * E-mail:
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