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Vázquez-Villar V, Das C, Swift T, Elies J, Tolosa J, García-Martínez JC, Ruiz A. Oligo(styryl)benzenes liposomal AIE-dots for bioimaging and phototherapy in an in vitro model of prostate cancer. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 670:585-598. [PMID: 38776693 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.05.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Whilst the development of advanced organic dots with aggregation-induced emission characteristics (AIE-dots) is being intensively studied, their clinical translation in efficient biotherapeutic devices has yet to be tackled. This study explores the synergistic interplay of oligo(styryl)benzenes (OSBs), potent fluorogens with an increased emission in the aggregate state, and Indocyanine green (ICG) as dual Near Infrared (NIR)-visible fluorescent nanovesicles with efficient reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation capacity for cancer treatment using photodynamic therapy (PDT). The co-loading of OSBs and ICG in different nanovesicles has been thoroughly investigated. The nanovesicles' physicochemical properties were manipulated via molecular engineering by modifying the structural properties of the lipid bilayer and the number of oligo(ethyleneoxide) chains in the OSB structure. Diffusion Ordered Spectroscopy (DOSY) NMR and spectrofluorometric studies revealed key differences in the structure of the vesicles and the arrangement of the OSB and ICG in the bilayer. The in vitro assessment of these OSB-ICG nanovesicles revealed that the formulations can increase the temperature and generate ROS after photoirradiation, showing for the first time their potential as dual photothermal/photodynamic (PTT/PDT) agents in the treatment of prostate cancer. Our study provides an exciting opportunity to extend the range of applications of OSB derivates to potentiate the toxicity of phototherapy in prostate and other types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Vázquez-Villar
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Facultad de Farmacia, C/ José María Sánchez Ibáñez s/n, 02008 Albacete, Spain; Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Regional Center for Biomedical Research (CRIB), C/ Almansa 13, 02008 Albacete, Spain
| | - Chandrima Das
- Institute of Cancer Therapeutics, University of Bradford, Bradford, Richmond Rd, Bradford BD7 1DP, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Swift
- School of Chemistry and Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford BD7 1DP, United Kingdom
| | - Jacobo Elies
- Institute of Cancer Therapeutics, University of Bradford, Bradford, Richmond Rd, Bradford BD7 1DP, United Kingdom
| | - Juan Tolosa
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Facultad de Farmacia, C/ José María Sánchez Ibáñez s/n, 02008 Albacete, Spain; Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Regional Center for Biomedical Research (CRIB), C/ Almansa 13, 02008 Albacete, Spain.
| | - Joaquín C García-Martínez
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Facultad de Farmacia, C/ José María Sánchez Ibáñez s/n, 02008 Albacete, Spain; Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Regional Center for Biomedical Research (CRIB), C/ Almansa 13, 02008 Albacete, Spain.
| | - Amalia Ruiz
- Institute of Cancer Therapeutics, University of Bradford, Bradford, Richmond Rd, Bradford BD7 1DP, United Kingdom.
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Li K, Xie G, Deng X, Zhang Y, Jia Z, Huang Z. Antibody-drug conjugates in urinary tumors: clinical application, challenge, and perspectives. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1259784. [PMID: 38173833 PMCID: PMC10761427 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1259784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Urinary tumors primarily consist of kidney, urothelial, and prostate malignancies, which pose significant treatment challenges, particularly in advanced stages. Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) have emerged as a promising therapeutic approach, combining monoclonal antibody specificity with cytotoxic chemotherapeutic payloads. This review highlights recent advancements, opportunities, and challenges in ADC application for urinary tumors. We discuss the FDA-approved ADCs and other novel ADCs under investigation, emphasizing their potential to improve patient outcomes. Furthermore, we explore strategies to address challenges, such as toxicity management, predictive biomarker identification, and resistance mechanisms. Additionally, we examine the integration of ADCs with other treatment modalities, including immune checkpoint inhibitors, targeted therapies, and radiation therapy. By addressing these challenges and exploring innovative approaches, the development of ADCs may significantly enhance therapeutic options and outcomes for patients with advanced urinary tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keqiang Li
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Guoqing Xie
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiyue Deng
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhankui Jia
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhenlin Huang
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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Warli SM, Velaro AJ, Firsty NN, Tala ZZ. Addition of Olaparib to the New Hormonal Agent Regimen for Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. World J Oncol 2023; 14:518-528. [PMID: 38022404 PMCID: PMC10681786 DOI: 10.14740/wjon1685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The emergence of olaparib, a poly (adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor to treat metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), created a measurable clinical question on whether the agent positively influences the treatment outcomes and acceptable safety factors. The objective was to elaborate on the efficacy and safety of olaparib-added regimens in treating mCRPC patients as compared to the established guideline. Methods The literature search was performed on several scientific databases, e.g., PubMed, Cochrane, and ScienceDirect, by applying the Boolean Term method. Statistical and risk of bias (RoB) analyses were calculated through RevMan 5.4.1. to investigate our outcomes, i.e., progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) with the reported adverse effects (AEs). These outcomes were presented in hazard ratio (HR) and risk ratio (RR). Results Three trials consisting of 1,325 individuals with comparable baseline characteristics were investigated. The meta-analysis showed that introducing olaparib into the regimens significantly improved the PFS (HR 0.59 (0.48 - 0.73); P < 0.05), which disclosed even better outcomes among mutated homologous recombinant repair (HRR) and ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) gene (HR 0.43 (0.30 - 0.62); P < 0.05) in 95% confidence interval (CI). Furthermore, similar outcomes were observed in OS analysis (HR 0.81 (0.67 - 0.99); P < 0.05), despite olaparib group disclosed higher AEs rate with insignificant difference in mortality rate. Conclusion The efficacy and safety of olaparib-added regimens in mCRPC patients need to be explored more extensively in trials because they are beneficial, particularly among HRR-mutated individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syah Mirsya Warli
- Department of Urology, Universitas Sumatera Utara Hospital, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara-Haji Adam Malik General Hospital, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Adrian Joshua Velaro
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Naufal Nandita Firsty
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
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Jefferi NES, Shamhari A‘A, Noor Azhar NKZ, Shin JGY, Kharir NAM, Azhar MA, Hamid ZA, Budin SB, Taib IS. The Role of ERα and ERβ in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer and Current Therapeutic Approaches. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11030826. [PMID: 36979805 PMCID: PMC10045750 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11030826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Castration-resistant prostate cancer, or CRPC, is an aggressive stage of prostate cancer (PCa) in which PCa cells invade nearby or other parts of the body. When a patient with PCa goes through androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) and the cancer comes back or worsens, this is called CRPC. Instead of androgen-dependent signalling, recent studies show the involvement of the estrogen pathway through the regulation of estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) and estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) in CRPC development. Reduced levels of testosterone due to ADT lead to low ERβ functionality in inhibiting the proliferation of PCa cells. Additionally, ERα, which possesses androgen independence, continues to promote the proliferation of PCa cells. The functions of ERα and ERβ in controlling PCa progression have been studied, but further research is needed to elucidate their roles in promoting CRPC. Finding new ways to treat the disease and stop it from becoming worse will require a clear understanding of the molecular processes that can lead to CRPC. The current review summarizes the underlying processes involving ERα and ERβ in developing CRPC, including castration-resistant mechanisms after ADT and available medication modification in mitigating CRPC progression, with the goal of directing future research and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Erysha Sabrina Jefferi
- Center of Diagnostics, Therapeutics and Investigative Studies (CODTIS), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
| | - Asma’ ‘Afifah Shamhari
- Center of Diagnostics, Therapeutics and Investigative Studies (CODTIS), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
| | - Nur Khayrin Zulaikha Noor Azhar
- Biomedical Science Programme, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
| | - Joyce Goh Yi Shin
- Biomedical Science Programme, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
| | - Nur Annisa Mohd Kharir
- Biomedical Science Programme, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Afiq Azhar
- Biomedical Science Programme, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
| | - Zariyantey Abd Hamid
- Center of Diagnostics, Therapeutics and Investigative Studies (CODTIS), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
| | - Siti Balkis Budin
- Center of Diagnostics, Therapeutics and Investigative Studies (CODTIS), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
| | - Izatus Shima Taib
- Center of Diagnostics, Therapeutics and Investigative Studies (CODTIS), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +0603-92897608
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Badawi JK. Resveratrol used as nanotherapeutic: a promising additional therapeutic tool against hormone-sensitive, hormone-insensitive and resistant prostate cancer. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL UROLOGY 2023; 11:1-11. [PMID: 36923720 PMCID: PMC10009313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers in men. Despite the development of diverse therapeutic agents for different types and stages, the progression or spread of the disease is inevitable. Another problem is the development of resistance of cancer cells to available therapeutics. Therefore, additional medicaments are urgently needed. Resveratrol is a polyphenolic phytoalexin found in numerous plants and fruits like red grapes or blueberries. Resveratrol possesses antiproliferative, anti-angiogenic and anticancer activities well proven in different types of cancer including prostate cancer. To date, it is not used clinically due to poor solubility, low bioavailability, and other limiting factors. In order to overcome these limitations, novel nanoparticle-based formulations were developed over the past years. In this review article, studies about the effect of resveratrol on prostate cancer cells are discussed focusing especially on those studies using nanotechnology. An electronic literature research was performed utilizing PubMed in August 2022. Scientific publications, which examine resveratrol using nanotechnology, are discussed. The studies clearly indicate that resveratrol-loaded nanoparticles exhibited a remarkable anti-cancer activity in various hormone-sensitive and hormone-insensitive prostate cancer cell lines including docetaxel-resistant prostate-cancer cells. The types of nanoparticles that were used varied and influenced the outcome. Additionally, the meaning of the surface functionality of the nanoparticles is emphasized. No reduction of the anti-proliferative activity of resveratrol was shown when used encapsulated. Additionally, synergistic effects of resveratrol and docetaxel were proven. Resveratrol-loaded nanoparticles, especially when combined, may represent the next generation of anticancer substances. However, further in vivo/clinical studies are necessary to confirm their clinical effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmin Katrin Badawi
- Medical Faculty Mannheim of The Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg Mannheim, Germany
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6
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Bort A, G. Sánchez B, León C, Nozal L, Mora-Rodríguez JM, Castro F, Crego AL, Díaz-Laviada I. Metabolic fingerprinting of chemotherapy-resistant prostate cancer stem cells. An untargeted metabolomic approach by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1005675. [PMID: 36325358 PMCID: PMC9618794 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1005675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemoresistance is one of the most important challenges in cancer therapy. The presence of cancer stem cells within the tumor may contribute to chemotherapy resistance since these cells express high levels of extrusion pumps and xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes that inactivate the therapeutic drug. Despite the recent advances in cancer cell metabolism adaptations, little is known about the metabolic adaptations of the cancer stem cells resistant to chemotherapy. In this study, we have undertaken an untargeted metabolomic analysis by liquid chromatography–high-resolution spectrometry combined with cytotoxicity assay, western blot, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), and fatty acid oxidation in a prostate cancer cell line resistant to the antiandrogen 2-hydroxiflutamide with features of cancer stem cells, compared to its parental androgen-sensitive cell line. Metabolic fingerprinting revealed 106 out of the 850 metabolites in ESI+ and 67 out of 446 in ESI- with significant differences between the sensitive and the resistant cell lines. Pathway analysis performed with the unequivocally identified metabolites, revealed changes in pathways involved in energy metabolism as well as posttranscriptional regulation. Validation by enzyme expression analysis indicated that the chemotherapy-resistant prostate cancer stem cells were metabolically dormant with decreased fatty acid oxidation, methionine metabolism and ADP-ribosylation. Our results shed light on the pathways underlying the entry of cancer cells into dormancy that might contribute to the mechanisms of drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Bort
- Yale University School of Medicine, Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, New Haven, CT, United states
| | - Belén G. Sánchez
- Alcala University, School of Medicine, Department of Systems Biology and Research Institute in Chemistry “Andrés M. Del Río” (IQAR), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos León
- Carlos III University, Department of Bioengineering and Aerospatial Engineering, Madrid, Spain
| | - Leonor Nozal
- Alcala University and General Foundation of Alcalá University, Center of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Madrid, Spain
| | - José M. Mora-Rodríguez
- Alcala University, School of Medicine, Department of Systems Biology and Research Institute in Chemistry “Andrés M. Del Río” (IQAR), Madrid, Spain
| | - Florentina Castro
- Alcala University and General Foundation of Alcalá University, Center of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio L. Crego
- Alcala University, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Antonio L. Crego, ; Inés Díaz-Laviada,
| | - Inés Díaz-Laviada
- Alcala University, School of Medicine, Department of Systems Biology and Research Institute in Chemistry “Andrés M. Del Río” (IQAR), Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Antonio L. Crego, ; Inés Díaz-Laviada,
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Prostate-Specific Antigen Screening According to Health Professional Counseling and Age in the United States. Prostate Cancer 2022; 2022:8646314. [PMID: 35036010 PMCID: PMC8758274 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8646314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In 2018, the US Preventive Services Task Force recommended that PSA screening for prostate cancer involve men aged 55–69, based on a personal decision following consultation with a health professional. PSA screening in men aged 70 or older should only occur if symptoms exist. This study identifies the association between having a PSA test in the past two years and whether or not there was consultation with a health professional about the benefits and/or harms of PSA screening. Methods Analyses were based on data involving men aged 40 years or older, who responded to PSA related questions in the 2018 BRFSS survey. Results Approximately 32.0% (14.6% for ages 40–54, 41.7% for ages 55–69, and 49.8% for ages 70 years and older) of respondents had a PSA test in the past two years. Approximately 81.7% of these men had talked with a health professional about the benefits and/or harms of PSA screening, with 42.4% having discussed the benefits and harms, 54.6% having discussed the benefits only, and 3.0% having discussed the harms only. The odds of a PSA test in the past two years in men having talked with a health professional about the benefits and harms of the test versus no talk are 10.1 (95% CI 9.3–10.8), in men who talked with a health professional about the benefits only versus no talk are 10.8 (95% CI 10.0–11.6), and in men who talked with a health professional about the harms only versus no talk are 3.9 (95% CI 2.9–5.1). Conclusion PSA screening is most common in men aged 70 or older, which is counter to the US Preventive Task Force recommendation. Most men having a PSA test have talked with a health professional about the test, but the talks tended to focus on just the benefits of screening and not both potential benefits and harms.
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Kumar A, Kumar P, Sharma M, Kim S, Singh S, Kridel SJ, Deep G. Role of extracellular vesicles secretion in paclitaxel resistance of prostate cancer cells. CANCER DRUG RESISTANCE (ALHAMBRA, CALIF.) 2022; 5:612-624. [PMID: 36176762 PMCID: PMC9511801 DOI: 10.20517/cdr.2022.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Aim: The development of chemotherapy resistance is the major obstacle in the treatment of advanced prostate cancer (PCa). Extracellular vesicles (EVs) secretion plays a significant role among different mechanisms contributing to chemoresistance. Hence, inhibition of EVs release may increase the efficacy of chemotherapeutic drugs against PCa. Methods: Paclitaxel (PTX) resistant PCa cells (PC3-R and DU145-R) were treated with GW4869, a known exosome biogenesis inhibitor. EVs were isolated from the conditioned media by ExoQuick-based precipitation method and characterized for concentration and size distribution by nanoparticle tracking analysis. The effect of GW4869 treatment on the survival and growth of PCa cells was assessed by MTT, and colony formation assays in vitro, and ectopic PC3-R xenografts in male athymic nude mice in vivo. The effect of other EV biogenesis inhibitors, imipramine and dimethyl amiloride (DMA), treatment was also analyzed on the survival of PC3-R cells. Results: GW4869 (10-20 µM) treatment of PTX resistant PCa cells significantly reduced the release of small EVs (50-100 nm size range) while increasing the release of larger EVs (> 150 nm in size), and inhibited their clonogenicity. Moreover, GW4869 (5-20 µM) treatment (24-72h) significantly inhibited the survival of PC3-R cells in a dose-dependent manner. We observed a similar growth inhibition with both imipramine (5-20 µg/mL) and DMA (5-20 µg/mL) treatment in PC3-R cells. Furthermore, GW4869 treatment (IP) in mice bearing PC3-R xenografts significantly reduced the tumor weight (65% reduction, P = 0.017) compared to the vehicle-treated control mice without causing any noticeable toxicity. Conclusion: Inhibiting the release of EVs could sensitize the resistant PCa cells to chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Kumar
- Department of Cancer Biology; Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Pawan Kumar
- Department of Cancer Biology; Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.,Division of Pathology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, UP 243122, India
| | - Mitu Sharma
- Department of Cancer Biology; Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Susy Kim
- Department of Cancer Biology; Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Sangeeta Singh
- Department of Cancer Biology; Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Steven J Kridel
- Department of Cancer Biology; Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.,Wake Forest Baptist Comprehensive Cancer Center, Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Gagan Deep
- Department of Cancer Biology; Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.,Wake Forest Baptist Comprehensive Cancer Center, Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
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Xie C, Lin PJ, Hao J. Eggmanone Effectively Overcomes Prostate Cancer Cell Chemoresistance. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9050538. [PMID: 34066000 PMCID: PMC8151738 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9050538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer chemoresistance is a major therapeutic problem, and the underlying mechanism is not well understood and effective therapies to overcome this problem are not available. Phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4), a main intracellular enzyme for cAMP hydrolysis, has been previously shown to involve in the early chemo-sensitive prostate cancer cell proliferation and progression, but its role in the more-advanced chemo-resistant prostate cancer is completely unknown. Here we found that the expression of PDE4 subtype, PDE4D, is highly elevated in the chemo-resistant prostate cancer cells (DU145-TxR and PC3-TxR) in comparison to the chemo-sensitive prostate cancer cells (DU145 and PC3). Inhibition of PDE4D with a potent and selective PDED4 inhibitor, Eggmanone, effectively decreases the invasion and proliferation as well as induces cell death of the chemo-resistant prostate cancer cells (DU145-TxR and PC3-TxR). These results were confirmed by siRNA knockdown of PDE4D. We and colleagues previously reported that Eggmanone can effectively blocked sonic Hedgehog signaling via PDE4D inhibition, and here our study suggests that that Eggmanone downregulated proliferation of the chemo-resistant prostate cancer cells via sonic Hedgehog signaling. In addition, Eggmanone treatment dose-dependently increases docetaxel cytotoxicity to DU145-TxR and PC3-TxR. As cancer stem cells (CSCs) are known to be implicated in cancer chemoresistance, we further examined Eggmanone impacts on CSC-like properties in the chemo-resistant prostate cancer cells. Our study shows that Eggmanone effectively down-regulates the expression of CSCs’ marker genes Nanog and ABC sub-family G member 2 (ABCG2) and attenuates sphere formation in DU145-TxR and PC3-TxR cells. In summary, our work shows that Eggmanone effectively overcomes the chemoresistance of prostate cancer cells presumably through sonic Hedgehog signaling and targeting CSCs, suggesting that Eggmanone may serve as a novel agent for chemo-resistant prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Xie
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA;
| | - Pen-Jen Lin
- Graduate College of Biomedical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA;
| | - Jijun Hao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA;
- Graduate College of Biomedical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(909)-469-8686; Fax: +1-909-469-5635
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Zhao H, Dong H, Wang P, Zhu H. Long non-coding RNA SNHG17 enhances the aggressiveness of C4-2 human prostate cancer cells in association with β-catenin signaling. Oncol Lett 2021; 21:472. [PMID: 33907582 PMCID: PMC8063240 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.12733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding (lnc) RNAs have emerged as important regulators of cancer development and progression. Several lncRNAs have been reported to be associated with prostate cancer (PCa); however, the involvement of lncRNA SNHG17 in PCa remains unclear. In the present study, the mRNA expression level of SNHG17 in 58 pairs of PCa tumor samples and adjacent non-tumor tissues, as well as in PCa tumor cell lines was analyzed. The regulatory effect of SNHG17 on the oncogenic phenotypes of the C4-2 tumor cell line was also investigated. The clinicopathological analysis revealed that SNHG17 mRNA expression level was increased in the PCa tumor samples, and its high expression levels were associated with poor patient outcomes, indicating that SNHG17 may act as a biomarker for the prognosis of PCa. SNHG17 mRNA expression level was also increased in different PCa tumor cell lines. Functionally, SNHG17 increased C4-2 tumor cell growth and aggressiveness by stimulating tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion and resistance to chemotherapy. Furthermore, SNHG17 promoted in vivo tumor growth in a xenograft mouse model. Notably, the SNHG17-induced in vitro and in vivo oncogenic effects were associated with activation of the β-catenin pathway. The results from the present study revealed that lncRNA SNHG17 could be an important regulator in the oncogenic properties of human PCa and may; therefore, represent a potential PCa therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijun Zhao
- Department of Urology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, P.R. China
| | - Haijing Dong
- Department of Urology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, P.R. China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Urology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, P.R. China
| | - Hai Zhu
- Department of Urology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, P.R. China
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Altschuler J, Stockert JA, Kyprianou N. Non-Coding RNAs Set a New Phenotypic Frontier in Prostate Cancer Metastasis and Resistance. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22042100. [PMID: 33672595 PMCID: PMC7924036 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22042100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) mortality remains a significant public health problem, as advanced disease has poor survivability due to the development of resistance in response to both standard and novel therapeutic interventions. Therapeutic resistance is a multifaceted problem involving the interplay of a number of biological mechanisms including genetic, signaling, and phenotypic alterations, compounded by the contributions of a tumor microenvironment that supports tumor growth, invasiveness, and metastasis. The androgen receptor (AR) is a primary regulator of prostate cell growth, response and maintenance, and the target of most standard PCa therapies designed to inhibit AR from interacting with androgens, its native ligands. As such, AR remains the main driver of therapeutic response in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). While androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), in combination with microtubule-targeting taxane chemotherapy, offers survival benefits in patients with mCRPC, therapeutic resistance invariably develops, leading to lethal disease. Understanding the mechanisms underlying resistance is critical to improving therapeutic outcomes and also to the development of biomarker signatures of predictive value. The interconversions between epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition (MET) navigate the prostate tumor therapeutic response, and provide a novel targeting platform in overcoming therapeutic resistance. Both microRNA (miRNA)- and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA)-mediated mechanisms have been associated with epigenetic changes in prostate cancer. This review discusses the current evidence-based knowledge of the role of the phenotypic transitions and novel molecular determinants (non-coding RNAs) as contributors to the emergence of therapeutic resistance and metastasis and their integrated predictive value in prostate cancer progression to advanced disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Altschuler
- Department of Urology, The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; (J.A.); (J.A.S.)
| | - Jennifer A. Stockert
- Department of Urology, The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; (J.A.); (J.A.S.)
| | - Natasha Kyprianou
- Department of Urology, The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; (J.A.); (J.A.S.)
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Correspondence:
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12
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Tiburcius S, Krishnan K, Yang JH, Hashemi F, Singh G, Radhakrishnan D, Trinh HT, Verrills NM, Karakoti A, Vinu A. Silica-Based Nanoparticles as Drug Delivery Vehicles for Prostate Cancer Treatment. CHEM REC 2020; 21:1535-1568. [PMID: 33320438 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202000104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers and is the fifth common cause of cancer-related mortality in men. Current methods for PCa treatment are insufficient owing to the challenges related to the non-specificity, instability and side effects caused by the drugs and therapy agents. These drawbacks can be mitigated by the design of a suitable drug delivery system that can ensure targeted delivery and minimise side effects. Silica based nanoparticles (SBNPs) have emerged as one of the most versatile materials for drug delivery due to their tunable porosities, high surface area and tremendous capacity to load various sizes and chemistry of drugs. This review gives a brief overview of the diagnosis and current treatment strategies for PCa outlining their existing challenges. It critically analyzes the design, development and application of pure, modified and hybrid SBNPs based drug delivery systems in the treatment of PCa, their advantages and limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steffi Tiburcius
- Global Innovative Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment
| | - Kannan Krishnan
- Global Innovative Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment
| | - Jae-Hun Yang
- Global Innovative Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment
| | - Fatemeh Hashemi
- Global Innovative Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment
| | - Gurwinder Singh
- Global Innovative Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment
| | - Deepika Radhakrishnan
- Global Innovative Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment
| | - Hoang Trung Trinh
- Global Innovative Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment
| | - Nicole M Verrills
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, 2308, NSW, Australia
| | - Ajay Karakoti
- Global Innovative Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment
| | - Ajayan Vinu
- Global Innovative Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment
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13
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Rushworth LK, Harle V, Repiscak P, Clark W, Shaw R, Hall H, Bushell M, Leung HY, Patel R. In vivo CRISPR/Cas9 knockout screen: TCEAL1 silencing enhances docetaxel efficacy in prostate cancer. Life Sci Alliance 2020; 3:e202000770. [PMID: 33033111 PMCID: PMC7556750 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202000770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Docetaxel chemotherapy in metastatic prostate cancer offers only a modest survival benefit because of emerging resistance. To identify candidate therapeutic gene targets, we applied a murine prostate cancer orthograft model that recapitulates clinical invasive prostate cancer in a genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 screen under docetaxel treatment pressure. We identified 17 candidate genes whose suppression may enhance the efficacy of docetaxel, with transcription elongation factor A-like 1 (Tceal1) as the top candidate. TCEAL1 function is not fully characterised; it may modulate transcription in a promoter dependent fashion. Suppressed TCEAL1 expression in multiple human prostate cancer cell lines enhanced therapeutic response to docetaxel. Based on gene set enrichment analysis from transcriptomic data and flow cytometry, we confirmed that loss of TCEAL1 in combination with docetaxel leads to an altered cell cycle profile compared with docetaxel alone, with increased subG1 cell death and increased polyploidy. Here, we report the first in vivo genome-wide treatment sensitisation CRISPR screen in prostate cancer, and present proof of concept data on TCEAL1 as a candidate for a combinational strategy with the use of docetaxel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda K Rushworth
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
| | - Victoria Harle
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
| | - Peter Repiscak
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
| | | | - Robin Shaw
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
| | - Holly Hall
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
| | - Martin Bushell
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
| | - Hing Y Leung
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
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14
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Maloney SM, Hoover CA, Morejon-Lasso LV, Prosperi JR. Mechanisms of Taxane Resistance. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E3323. [PMID: 33182737 PMCID: PMC7697134 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12113323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The taxane family of chemotherapy drugs has been used to treat a variety of mostly epithelial-derived tumors and remain the first-line treatment for some cancers. Despite the improved survival time and reduction of tumor size observed in some patients, many have no response to the drugs or develop resistance over time. Taxane resistance is multi-faceted and involves multiple pathways in proliferation, apoptosis, metabolism, and the transport of foreign substances. In this review, we dive deeper into hypothesized resistance mechanisms from research during the last decade, with a focus on the cancer types that use taxanes as first-line treatment but frequently develop resistance to them. Furthermore, we will discuss current clinical inhibitors and those yet to be approved that target key pathways or proteins and aim to reverse resistance in combination with taxanes or individually. Lastly, we will highlight taxane response biomarkers, specific genes with monitored expression and correlated with response to taxanes, mentioning those currently being used and those that should be adopted. The future directions of taxanes involve more personalized approaches to treatment by tailoring drug-inhibitor combinations or alternatives depending on levels of resistance biomarkers. We hope that this review will identify gaps in knowledge surrounding taxane resistance that future research or clinical trials can overcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara M. Maloney
- Harper Cancer Research Institute, South Bend, IN 46617, USA;
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, South Bend, IN 46617, USA
| | - Camden A. Hoover
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA; (C.A.H.); (L.V.M.-L.)
| | - Lorena V. Morejon-Lasso
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA; (C.A.H.); (L.V.M.-L.)
| | - Jenifer R. Prosperi
- Harper Cancer Research Institute, South Bend, IN 46617, USA;
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, South Bend, IN 46617, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA; (C.A.H.); (L.V.M.-L.)
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15
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Flavonoids in Cancer Metastasis. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12061498. [PMID: 32521759 PMCID: PMC7352928 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12061498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis represents a serious complication in the treatment of cancer. Flavonoids are plant secondary metabolites exerting various health beneficiary effects. The effects of flavonoids against cancer are associated not only with early stages of the cancer process, but also with cancer progression and spread into distant sites. Flavonoids showed potent anti-cancer effects against various cancer models in vitro and in vivo, mediated via regulation of key signaling pathways involved in the migration and invasion of cancer cells and metastatic progression, including key regulators of epithelial-mesenchymal transition or regulatory molecules such as MMPs, uPA/uPAR, TGF-β and other contributors of the complex process of metastatic spread. Moreover, flavonoids modulated also the expression of genes associated with the progression of cancer and improved inflammatory status, a part of the complex process involved in the development of metastasis. Flavonoids also documented clear potential to improve the anti-cancer effectiveness of conventional chemotherapeutic agents. Most importantly, flavonoids represent environmentally-friendly and cost-effective substances; moreover, a wide spectrum of different flavonoids demonstrated safety and minimal side effects during long-termed administration. In addition, the bioavailability of flavonoids can be improved by their conjugation with metal ions or structural modifications by radiation. In conclusion, anti-cancer effects of flavonoids, targeting all phases of carcinogenesis including metastatic progression, should be implemented into clinical cancer research in order to strengthen their potential use in the future targeted prevention and therapy of cancer in high-risk individuals or patients with aggressive cancer disease with metastatic potential.
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16
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Rushworth LK, Hewit K, Munnings-Tomes S, Somani S, James D, Shanks E, Dufès C, Straube A, Patel R, Leung HY. Repurposing screen identifies mebendazole as a clinical candidate to synergise with docetaxel for prostate cancer treatment. Br J Cancer 2020; 122:517-527. [PMID: 31844184 PMCID: PMC7028732 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-019-0681-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Docetaxel chemotherapy in prostate cancer has a modest impact on survival. To date, efforts to develop combination therapies have not translated into new treatments. We sought to develop a novel therapeutic strategy to tackle chemoresistant prostate cancer by enhancing the efficacy of docetaxel. METHODS We performed a drug-repurposing screen by using murine-derived prostate cancer cell lines driven by clinically relevant genotypes. Cells were treated with docetaxel alone, or in combination with drugs (n = 857) from repurposing libraries, with cytotoxicity quantified using High Content Imaging Analysis. RESULTS Mebendazole (an anthelmintic drug that inhibits microtubule assembly) was selected as the lead drug and shown to potently synergise docetaxel-mediated cell killing in vitro and in vivo. Dual targeting of the microtubule structure was associated with increased G2/M mitotic block and enhanced cell death. Strikingly, following combined docetaxel and mebendazole treatment, no cells divided correctly, forming multipolar spindles that resulted in aneuploid daughter cells. Liposomes entrapping docetaxel and mebendazole suppressed in vivo prostate tumour growth and extended progression-free survival. CONCLUSIONS Docetaxel and mebendazole target distinct aspects of the microtubule dynamics, leading to increased apoptosis and reduced tumour growth. Our data support a new concept of combined mebendazole/docetaxel treatment that warrants further clinical evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda K Rushworth
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Bearsden, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
- CRUK Beatson Institute, Bearsden, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
| | - Kay Hewit
- CRUK Beatson Institute, Bearsden, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
| | - Sophie Munnings-Tomes
- Centre for Mechanochemical Cell Biology, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Sukrut Somani
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G4 0RE, UK
| | - Daniel James
- CRUK Beatson Institute, Bearsden, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
| | - Emma Shanks
- CRUK Beatson Institute, Bearsden, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
| | - Christine Dufès
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G4 0RE, UK
| | - Anne Straube
- Centre for Mechanochemical Cell Biology, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Rachana Patel
- CRUK Beatson Institute, Bearsden, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
| | - Hing Y Leung
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Bearsden, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK.
- CRUK Beatson Institute, Bearsden, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK.
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17
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Chaudhary Z, Subramaniam S, Khan GM, Abeer MM, Qu Z, Janjua T, Kumeria T, Batra J, Popat A. Encapsulation and Controlled Release of Resveratrol Within Functionalized Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles for Prostate Cancer Therapy. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2019; 7:225. [PMID: 31620434 PMCID: PMC6759778 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2019.00225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol (RES) is a naturally existing polyphenol which exhibits anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer properties. In recent years, RES has attracted attention for its synergistic effect with other anti-cancer drugs for the treatment of drug resistant cancers. However, RES faces the issues of poor pharmacokinetics, stability and low solubility which limits its clinical application. In present study, RES has been loaded onto uniformly sized (~60 nm) mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) to improve its in vitro anti-proliferative activity and sensitization of Docatexal in hypoxia induced drug resistance in prostate cancer. RES was efficiently encapsulated within phosphonate (negatively charged) and amine (positively charged) modified MSNs. The effect of surface functionalization was studied on the loading, in vitro release, anti-proliferative and cytotoxic potential of RES using prostate cancer cell line. At pH 7.4 both free and NH2-MSNs loaded RES showed burst release which was plateaued with almost 90% of drug released in first 12 h. On the other hand, PO3-MSNs showed significantly slower release kinetics with only 50% drug release in first 12 h at pH 7.4. At pH 5.5, however, both the PO3-MSNs and NH2-MSNs showed significant control over release (around 40% less release compared with free RES in 24 h). Phosphonate modified MSNs significantly enhanced the anti-proliferative potential of RES with an IC50 of 7.15 μM as compared to 14.86 μM of free RES whereas amine modified MSNs didn't affect proliferation with an IC50 value higher than free RES (20.45 μM). Furthermore, RES loaded onto PO3-MSNs showed robust and dose dependent sensitization of Docatexal in hypoxic cell environment which was comparable to pure RES solution. This study provides an example of applicability of MSNs loaded with polyphenols such as RES as next generation anticancer formulations for treating drug resistant cancers such as prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zanib Chaudhary
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sugarniya Subramaniam
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Faculty of Health, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre-Queensland, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Gul Majid Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Zhi Qu
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Taskeen Janjua
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Tushar Kumeria
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
- Mater Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Jyotsna Batra
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Faculty of Health, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre-Queensland, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Amirali Popat
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
- Mater Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
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18
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Ma B, Wells A, Clark AM. The pan-therapeutic resistance of disseminated tumor cells: Role of phenotypic plasticity and the metastatic microenvironment. Semin Cancer Biol 2019; 60:138-147. [PMID: 31376430 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer metastasis is the leading cause of mortality in patients with solid tumors. The majority of these deaths are associated with metastatic disease that occurs after a period of clinical remission, anywhere from months to decades following removal of the primary mass. This dormancy is prominent in cancers of the breast and prostate among others, leaving the survivors uncertain about their longer-term prognosis. The most daunting aspect of this dormancy and re-emergence is that the micrometastases in particular, and even large lethal outgrowths are often show resistance to agents to which they have not been exposed. This suggests that in addition to specific mutations that target single agents, there also exist adaptive mechanisms that provide this pan-resistance. Potential molecular underpinnings of which are the topic of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Ma
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Alan Wells
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA; Department of Computational & Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA; UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Amanda M Clark
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
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19
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Xiang P, Jin S, Yang Y, Sheng J, He Q, Song Y, Yu W, Hu S, Jin J. Infiltrating CD4+ T cells attenuate chemotherapy sensitivity in prostate cancer via CCL5 signaling. Prostate 2019; 79:1018-1031. [PMID: 31018021 PMCID: PMC6594129 DOI: 10.1002/pros.23810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chemotherapy with Docetaxel (Doc) is efficient in a subset of prostate cancer (PCa) cases; however, most patients ultimately develop resistance to Docetaxel. The tumor immune microenvironment and secreted cytokines play a substantial role in development of resistance to chemotherapy. Our previous study has demonstrated that CD4+ T cells in prostate tumor microenvironment contribute to PCa progression; meanwhile, we found increased CD4+ T-cell infiltration in tumor area after Doc treatment; however, their effects on PCa chemosensitivity remain unclear. Here, we aim to explore the role and mechanisms of CD4+ T cells in PCa chemotherapy sensitivity. METHODS CD4+ T-cell infiltration in Doc-treated paraffin-embedded specimens from transurethral resection of prostate, radical prostatectomy, or bone metastasis was detected by immunohistochemistry. The castration-resistant PCa cell lines-C4-2 and CWR22RV1, and CD4+ T-cell lines-HH and Molt-3 were used in the coculture system. After coculture with the lymphocytes, PCa cell chemosensitivity was detected by cell counting kit-8, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling assays, and Western blot analysis. Various cell cytokines were determined by cytokine arrays and reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. The recombinant human C-C motif chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5) was added to PCa cells for further confirming its effects and anti-CCL5 antibody was used for neutralization. S3I-201, a signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) inhibitor, was added to the coculture system to detect STAT3 role in chemosensitivity. Tumor xenografts in nude mice were used for confirming effects of CD4+ T cells in vivo study. RESULTS We found more infiltrated CD4+ T cells in human PCa lesions than in the adjacent noncancerous tissues after Doc treatment. In vitro cell line study confirmed that CD4+ T cells increase the PCa Doc resistance. Quantative polymerase chain reaction and cytokine arrays indicated that after coculture with PCa, CD4+ T cells could secrete large amounts of CCL5. Moreover, CCL5 stimulation enhanced PCa resistance to Doc, and anti-CCL5 antibody could partly reverse this process. We found that CD4+ T cells could activate P-STAT3 signaling via secreting CCL5 and adding a STAT3 inhibitor can reverse the chemoresistance. In vivo mouse model with xenografted 22RV1 cells and CD4+ T cells also confirmed the in vitro results. CONCLUSIONS Together, our results indicate that infiltrating CD4+ T cells could promote PCa chemotherapy resistance via modulation of the CCL5/STAT3 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Xiang
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital and Institute of Urology, Peking University, Beijing, China
- National Research Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Urogenital Diseases (Male), Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Beijing, China
| | - Song Jin
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital and Institute of Urology, Peking University, Beijing, China
- National Research Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Urogenital Diseases (Male), Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital and Institute of Urology, Peking University, Beijing, China
- National Research Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Urogenital Diseases (Male), Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Beijing, China
| | - Jindong Sheng
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital and Institute of Urology, Peking University, Beijing, China
- National Research Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Urogenital Diseases (Male), Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Beijing, China
| | - Qun He
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital and Institute of Urology, Peking University, Beijing, China
- National Research Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Urogenital Diseases (Male), Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Song
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital and Institute of Urology, Peking University, Beijing, China
- National Research Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Urogenital Diseases (Male), Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Yu
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital and Institute of Urology, Peking University, Beijing, China
- National Research Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Urogenital Diseases (Male), Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Beijing, China
| | - Shuai Hu
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital and Institute of Urology, Peking University, Beijing, China
- National Research Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Urogenital Diseases (Male), Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Jin
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital and Institute of Urology, Peking University, Beijing, China
- National Research Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Urogenital Diseases (Male), Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Beijing, China
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20
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Iwasaki K, Ninomiya R, Shin T, Nomura T, Kajiwara T, Hijiya N, Moriyama M, Mimata H, Hamada F. Chronic hypoxia-induced slug promotes invasive behavior of prostate cancer cells by activating expression of ephrin-B1. Cancer Sci 2018; 109:3159-3170. [PMID: 30058095 PMCID: PMC6172048 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Advanced solid tumors are exposed to hypoxic conditions over longer periods of time as they grow. Tumor hypoxia is a major factor that induces malignant progression, but most previous studies on tumor hypoxia were performed under short-term hypoxia for up to 72 hours and few studies have focused on tumor response to chronic hypoxic conditions. Here we show a molecular mechanism by which chronic hypoxia promotes invasive behavior in prostate cancer cells. We found that an epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-driving transcription factor, slug, is specifically upregulated under chronic hypoxia and promotes tumor cell migration and invasion. Unexpectedly, processes associated with EMT, such as loss of E-cadherin, are not observed under chronic hypoxia. Instead, expression of ephrin-B1, a ligand of Eph-related receptor tyrosine kinases, is markedly induced by slug through E-box motifs and promotes cell migration and invasion. Furthermore, slug and ephrin-B1 are highly coexpressed in chronic hypoxic cells of human prostate adenocarcinoma tissues after androgen deprivation, which is known to cause tumor hypoxia. Taken together, these results indicate that chronic hypoxia-induced slug promotes invasive behavior of prostate cancer cells by activating the expression of ephrin-B1. In addition, ephrin-B1 may be a novel therapeutic target in combination with androgen deprivation therapy for aggressive prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazunori Iwasaki
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, Oita, Japan.,Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, Oita, Japan
| | - Ryo Ninomiya
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, Oita, Japan
| | - Toshitaka Shin
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, Oita, Japan
| | - Takeo Nomura
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, Oita, Japan
| | - Tooru Kajiwara
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, Oita, Japan
| | - Naoki Hijiya
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, Oita, Japan
| | - Masatsugu Moriyama
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, Oita, Japan
| | - Hiromitsu Mimata
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, Oita, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Hamada
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, Oita, Japan
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21
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Zou J, Huang RY, Jiang FN, Chen DX, Wang C, Han ZD, Liang YX, Zhong WD. Overexpression of TPX2 is associated with progression and prognosis of prostate cancer. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:2823-2832. [PMID: 30127868 PMCID: PMC6096215 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeting protein for Xenopus kinesin-like protein 2 (TPX2) activates Aurora kinase A during mitosis and targets its activity to the mitotic spindle, serving an important role in mitosis. It has been associated with different types of cancer and is considered to promote tumor growth. The aim of the present study was to explore the role of TPX2 in diagnosing prostate cancer (PCa). It was identified that TPX2 expression in PCa tissues was increased compared with benign prostate tissues. Microarray analysis demonstrated that TPX2 was positively associated with the Gleason score, tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage, clinicopathological stage, metastasis, overall survival and biochemical relapse-free survival. In vitro studies revealed that the high expression of TPX2 in PCa cells improved proliferative, invasive and migratory abilities, and repressed apoptosis of the PCa cells, without affecting tolerance to docetaxel. The results suggested that TPX2 serves as a tumorigenesis-promoting gene in PCa, and a potential therapeutic target for patients with PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zou
- Department of Emergency Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510150, P.R. China
| | - Rui-Yan Huang
- Department of Ultrasonography and Electrocardiograms, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
| | - Fu-Neng Jiang
- Department of Urology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, P.R. China
| | - De-Xiong Chen
- Department of Emergency Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510150, P.R. China
| | - Cong Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, P.R. China
| | - Zhao-Dong Han
- Department of Urology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Xiang Liang
- Department of Urology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, P.R. China
| | - Wei-De Zhong
- Department of Urology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, P.R. China.,Department of Urology, Huadu District People's Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510800, P.R. China
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22
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Nader R, El Amm J, Aragon-Ching JB. Role of chemotherapy in prostate cancer. Asian J Androl 2018; 20:221-229. [PMID: 29063869 PMCID: PMC5952475 DOI: 10.4103/aja.aja_40_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy in prostate cancer (PCa) has undergone dramatic landscape changes. While earlier studies utilized varying chemotherapy regimens which were found to be largely palliative in nature and hardly resulted in durable or meaningful responses, docetaxel resulted in the first chemotherapy agent that showed improvement in overall survival in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). However, combination chemotherapy or any agents added to docetaxel have failed to yield incremental benefits. The improvement in overall survival as well as secondary endpoints of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and time to recurrence when using docetaxel in the metastatic hormone-sensitive state has changed the standard of care for treatment of newly diagnosed de novo metastatic PCa. There are also promising results in locally advanced PCa and high-risk PCa in both the neoadjuvant and adjuvant settings. This review summarizes the historical as well as the more contemporary use of chemotherapeutic agents in PCa in varying states and phases of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Nader
- Department of Internal Medicine, Lebanese American University, Beirut 1102 2801, Lebanon
| | - Joelle El Amm
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Lebanese American University, Beirut 1102 2801, Lebanon
| | - Jeanny B Aragon-Ching
- Genitourinary Medical Oncology, Inova Schar Cancer Institute, Fairfax, VA 22031, USA
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23
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Qi QM, Xue YC, Lv J, Sun D, Du JX, Cai SQ, Li YH, Gu TC, Wang MB. Ginkgolic acids induce HepG2 cell death via a combination of apoptosis, autophagy and the mitochondrial pathway. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:6400-6408. [PMID: 29725398 PMCID: PMC5920365 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ginkgolic acids may induce malignant cell death via the B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2)-associated X protein (Bax)/Bcl-2 apoptosis pathway. Concurrently, apoptosis, autophagy and mitochondrial dysfunction may also be involved in bringing about this endpoint. The anticancer effect of Ginkgolic acids (GAs) was investigated using the HepG2 cell line. The median lethal dose of the GAs of the HepG2 was measured via an MTT assay, the dose-response curves were evaluated and changes in cell morphology were monitored by microscopy. Autophagy in HepG2 cells was down regulated using 3-methyladenine (3-MA) or Beclin-1-specific small interfering RNA (siRNA) and the expression of apoptosis associated proteins caspase-3, Bax/Bcl-2, and the autophagy-associated protein 5 and microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3 in the GA-treated HepG2 cells were all measured by western blot analysis. The level of apoptosis in the GA-treated cells was also assessed using terminal deoxynucleotidyl-transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay, and the mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm) was detected by immunofluorescence. The results of the MTT and TUNEL assays indicated that the proliferation of HepG2 cells treated with GAs was significantly reduced compared with the control group, and the rate of the inhibition was dose-dependent. Western blot analysis indicated that treatment with the Gas induced apoptosis and autophagy in the HepG2 cells. The Δψm of the GA-treated HepG2 cells was decreased compared with the control, as monitored by immunofluorescence. However, upon the administration of 3-MA or Beclin-1-specific siRNAs (inhibitors of the autophagy), the expression levels of the apoptosis- and autophagy-associated proteins were decreased. In conclusion, the results of the present study indicated that GAs are potent anticancer agents that function through a combination of the apoptosis, autophagy and mitochondrial pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Ming Qi
- Department of Medical Laboratory, The 359th Hospital of The People's Liberation Army, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212000, P.R. China
| | - Yin-Cun Xue
- Department of General Surgery, Jingjiang People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu 214500, P.R. China
| | - Jian Lv
- Department of General Surgery, Jingjiang People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu 214500, P.R. China
| | - Di Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Jingjiang People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu 214500, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Xin Du
- Department of General Surgery, Jingjiang People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu 214500, P.R. China
| | - Sheng-Qiang Cai
- Department of General Surgery, Jingjiang People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu 214500, P.R. China
| | - Yun-He Li
- Department of General Surgery, Jingjiang People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu 214500, P.R. China
| | - Tian-Cun Gu
- Department of General Surgery, Jingjiang People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu 214500, P.R. China
| | - Mu-Bing Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Jingjiang People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu 214500, P.R. China,Correspondence to: Dr Mu-Bing Wang, Department of General Surgery, Jingjiang People's Hospital, 28 Zhongzhou Road, Taizhou, Jiangsu 214500, P.R. China, E-mail:
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24
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Gravina GL, Mancini A, Colapietro A, Marampon F, Sferra R, Pompili S, Biordi LA, Iorio R, Flati V, Argueta C, Landesman Y, Kauffman M, Shacham S, Festuccia C. Pharmacological treatment with inhibitors of nuclear export enhances the antitumor activity of docetaxel in human prostate cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:111225-111245. [PMID: 29340049 PMCID: PMC5762317 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and aims Docetaxel (DTX) modestly increases patient survival of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) due to insurgence of pharmacological resistance. Deregulation of Chromosome Region Maintenance (CRM-1)/ exportin-1 (XPO-1)-mediated nuclear export may play a crucial role in this phenomenon. Material and methods Here, we evaluated the effects of two Selective Inhibitor of Nuclear Export (SINE) compounds, selinexor (KPT-330) and KPT-251, in association with DTX by using 22rv1, PC3 and DU145 cell lines with their. DTX resistant derivatives. Results and conclusions We show that DTX resistance may involve overexpression of β-III tubulin (TUBB3) and P-glycoprotein as well as increased cytoplasmic accumulation of Foxo3a. Increased levels of XPO-1 were also observed in DTX resistant cells suggesting that SINE compounds may modulate DTX effectiveness in sensitive cells as well as restore the sensitivity to DTX in resistant ones. Pretreatment with SINE compounds, indeed, sensitized to DTX through increased tumor shrinkage and apoptosis by preventing DTX-induced cell cycle arrest. Basally SINE compounds induce FOXO3a activation and nuclear accumulation increasing the expression of FOXO-responsive genes including p21, p27 and Bim causing cell cycle arrest. SINE compounds-catenin and survivin supporting apoptosis. βdown-regulated Cyclin D1, c-myc, Nuclear sequestration of p-Foxo3a was able to reduce ABCB1 and TUBB3 H2AX levels, prolonged γ expression. Selinexor treatment increased DTX-mediated double strand breaks (DSB), and reduced the levels of DNA repairing proteins including DNA PKc and Topo2A. Our results provide supportive evidence for the therapeutic use of SINE compounds in combination with DTX suggesting their clinical use in mCRPC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Luca Gravina
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, Laboratory of Radiobiology, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.,Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, Division of Radiotherapy, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Andrea Mancini
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, Laboratory of Radiobiology, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Alessandro Colapietro
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, Laboratory of Radiobiology, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Francesco Marampon
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, Laboratory of Radiobiology, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Roberta Sferra
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, Division of Human Anatomy, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Simona Pompili
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, Division of Human Anatomy, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Leda Assunta Biordi
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, Division of Molecular Pathology, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Roberto Iorio
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, Division of Applied Biology, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Flati
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, Division of Molecular Pathology, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Claudio Festuccia
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, Laboratory of Radiobiology, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
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25
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Hoshi S, Numahata K, Ono K, Yasuno N, Bilim V, Hoshi K, Amemiya H, Sasagawa I, Ohta S. Treatment sequence in castration-resistant prostate cancer: A retrospective study in the new anti-androgen era. Mol Clin Oncol 2017; 7:601-603. [PMID: 28855993 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2017.1361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, abiraterone acetate (AA) and enzalutamide (EZL) have become available for the treatment of cancer. Prior clinical trials have demonstrated the benefits of these agents in males with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). The optimal sequencing of available therapies in the context of efficacy and known cross-resistance remains uncertain. Based on the mechanisms of action and accessible clinical data, AA and EZL may be indicated for the early stages of prostate cancer. Until clinical trials are conducted to determine the best treatment sequence, individualized therapy is required for each patient based on the clinicopathological characteristics. In the present study, 46 sequential patients (median age: 77, range 59-89; median serum PSA level: 56 ng/ml, range 1.5-3,211) with CRPC treated with EZL (160 mg/day) were retrospectively analyzed between June 2014 and July 2015 at the following institutions: Yamagata Prefectural Central Hospital (Yamagata, Japan); Yamagata Tokushukai Hospital (Yamagata, Japan); Ishinomaki Red Cross Hospital (Ishinomaki, Japan); Kan-etsu Hospital (Tsurugashima, Japan); Niigata Cancer Center Hospital (Niigata, Japan); Sakado Central Hospital (Sakado, Japan). A total of 18 patients were pre-treated with Docetaxel (DOC) and 28 patients were DOC-naïve. Once EZL therapy was initiated, increases in prostate specific antigen (PSA) levels were observed in 3/18 patients (17%) pre-treated with DOC and in 6/20 (30%) who were DOC-naïve. In total, 8/28 DOC-naïve patients were treated with AA without EZL. An increase in the PSA level was observed in only 1/8 (12%) cases following AA treatment in the DOC-naïve group. It was demonstrated that AA had a better efficacy in DOC-naïve patients. The efficacy of EZL was limited in AA-pre-treated patients following DOC administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senji Hoshi
- Department of Urology, Yamagata Prefectural Central Hospital, Yamagata 990-2214, Japan.,Department of Urology, Yamagata Tokushukai Hospital, Yamagata 990-0834, Japan
| | - Kenji Numahata
- Department of Urology, Yamagata Prefectural Central Hospital, Yamagata 990-2214, Japan
| | - Kunio Ono
- Department of Urology, Ishinomaki Red Cross Hospital, Ishinomaki, Miyagi 986-0861, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Yasuno
- Department of Pharmacy, Kan-etsu Hospital, Tsurugashima, Saitama 350-2213, Japan
| | - Vladimir Bilim
- Department of Urology, Niigata Cancer Center Hospital, Niigata 951-8133, Japan
| | - Kiyotsugu Hoshi
- Department of Urology, Yamagata Tokushukai Hospital, Yamagata 990-0834, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Amemiya
- Department of Urology, Sakado Central Hospital, Sakado, Saitama 350-0233, Japan
| | - Isoji Sasagawa
- Department of Urology, Yamagata Tokushukai Hospital, Yamagata 990-0834, Japan
| | - Shoichiro Ohta
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Josai University, Sakado, Saitama 350-0295, Japan
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26
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León-Mateos L, Casas H, Abalo A, Vieito M, Abreu M, Anido U, Gómez-Tato A, López R, Abal M, Muinelo-Romay L. Improving circulating tumor cells enumeration and characterization to predict outcome in first line chemotherapy mCRPC patients. Oncotarget 2017; 8:54708-54721. [PMID: 28903376 PMCID: PMC5589615 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There is a critical need of new surrogate markers for improving the therapeutic selection and monitoring of metastatic prostate cancer patients. Nowadays clinical management of these patients is been driven by biochemical and clinical parameters without enough accuracy to allow a real personalized medicine. The present study was conducted to go insight the molecular profile of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) isolated from advanced metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) with the aim of identifying prognostic marker with potential utility for therapy selection and monitoring. MATERIALS AND METHODS CTCs isolation was carried out in peripheral blood samples from 29 mCRPC patients that undergo systemic chemotherapy based on taxanes (docetaxel/cabazitaxel) and 19 healthy controls using in parallel CellSearch and an alternative EpCAM-based immunoisolation followed by RT-qPCR analysis to characterize the CTC population. A panel of 17 genes related with prostate biology, hormone regulation, stem properties, tumor aggressiveness and taxanes responsiveness was analysed to identify an expression signature characterizing the CTCs. RESULTS Patients with ≥ 5 CTCs/7.5ml of peripheral blood at baseline and during the treatment showed lower progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Changes of CTCs levels during the treatment were also associated with the patient's outcome. These results confirmed previous data obtained using CellSearch in mCRPC. In addition, we found a CTC profile mainly characterized by the expression of relevant genes for the hormone dependent regulation of PCa such as AR and CYP19 together with genes strongly implicated in PCa progression and resistance development such as BIRC5, TUB1A, GDF15, RAB7 and SPINK1. Our gene-expression profiling also permitted the identification of valuable prognostic biomarkers. Thus, high levels of AR, CYP19 and GDF15 were associated with poor PFS rates while AR, GDF15 and BIRC5 were also found as reliable predictors of OS. Besides, a logistic model using KLK3 and BIRC5 showed a high specificity and sensitivity compared to CellSearch to discriminate patients with a more aggressive evolution. CONCLUSIONS The molecular characterization of CTCs from advanced mCRPC patients provided with a panel of specific biomarkers, including genes related to taxanes resistance, with a promising applicability as "liquid biopsy" for the management of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis León-Mateos
- Axencia Galega de Coñecemento en Saúde (ACIS), SERGAS, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Helena Casas
- Liquid Biopsy Analysis Unit, Health Research Institute of Santiago (IDIS), CIBERONC, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Alicia Abalo
- Liquid Biopsy Analysis Unit, Health Research Institute of Santiago (IDIS), CIBERONC, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Translational Medical Oncology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago (IDIS), CIBERONC, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - María Vieito
- Research Unit for Molecular Therapy of Cancer, CNS Tumors, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel Abreu
- Liquid Biopsy Analysis Unit, Health Research Institute of Santiago (IDIS), CIBERONC, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Translational Medical Oncology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago (IDIS), CIBERONC, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Urbano Anido
- Translational Medical Oncology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago (IDIS), CIBERONC, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Antonio Gómez-Tato
- School of Mathematics, University of Santiago de Compostela (Campus Vida), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Rafael López
- Liquid Biopsy Analysis Unit, Health Research Institute of Santiago (IDIS), CIBERONC, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Translational Medical Oncology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago (IDIS), CIBERONC, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Roche-Chus Joint Unit for Precision Oncology, Health Research Institute of Santiago (IDIS), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Miguel Abal
- Translational Medical Oncology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago (IDIS), CIBERONC, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Laura Muinelo-Romay
- Translational Medical Oncology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago (IDIS), CIBERONC, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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