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Pirvu LC, Rusu N, Bazdoaca C, Androne E, Neagu G, Albulescu A. A View on the Chemical and Biological Attributes of Five Edible Fruits after Finishing Their Shelf Life: Studies on Caco-2 Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4848. [PMID: 38732066 PMCID: PMC11084482 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
We studied five common perishable fruits in terms of their polyphenols dynamic, minerals distribution, scavenger activity and the effects of 50% ethanolic extracts on the viability of Caco-2 cells in vitro, over a period of time between T = 0 and T = 5/7 days, typically the end of their shelf life. Altogether, there were few changes found, consisting of either an increase or a decrease in their chemical and biological attributes. A slow decrease was found in the antioxidant activity in apricot (-11%), plum (-6%) and strawberry (-4%) extracts, while cherry and green seedless table grape extracts gained 7% and 2% antioxidant potency, respectively; IC50 values ranged from 1.67 to 5.93 μg GAE/μL test extract. The cytotoxicity MTS assay at 24 h revealed the ability of all 50% ethanol fruit extracts to inhibit the Caco-2 cell viability; the inhibitory effects ranged from 49% to 83% and were measured at 28 µg GAE for strawberry extracts/EES, from 22 µg to 45 µg GAE for cherry extracts/EEC, from 7.58 to 15.16 µg GAE for apricot extracts/EEA, from 12.50 to 25.70 µg GAE for plum extracts/EEP and from 21.51 to 28.68 µg GAE for green table grape extracts/EEG. The MTS anti-proliferative assay (72 h) also revealed a stimulatory potency upon the Caco-2 viability, from 34% (EEA, EEG) and 48% (EEC) to 350% (EES) and 690% (EEP); therefore fruit juices can influence intestinal tumorigenesis in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Camelia Pirvu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnologies, National Institute of Chemical Pharmaceutical Research and Development, 112 Vitan Av., 031299 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Nicoleta Rusu
- Department of Chemical Analysis and Drug Control, National Institute of Chemical Pharmaceutical Research and Development, 112 Vitan Av., 031299 Bucharest, Romania; (N.R.); (C.B.); (E.A.)
| | - Cristina Bazdoaca
- Department of Chemical Analysis and Drug Control, National Institute of Chemical Pharmaceutical Research and Development, 112 Vitan Av., 031299 Bucharest, Romania; (N.R.); (C.B.); (E.A.)
| | - Elena Androne
- Department of Chemical Analysis and Drug Control, National Institute of Chemical Pharmaceutical Research and Development, 112 Vitan Av., 031299 Bucharest, Romania; (N.R.); (C.B.); (E.A.)
| | - Georgeta Neagu
- Department of Pharmacology, National Institute of Chemical Pharmaceutical Research and Development, 112 Vitan Av., 031299 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Adrian Albulescu
- Department of Pharmacology, National Institute of Chemical Pharmaceutical Research and Development, 112 Vitan Av., 031299 Bucharest, Romania;
- Stefan S. Nicolau Institute of Virology, 285 Mihai Bravu Av., 030304 Bucharest, Romania
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Squires E, Walshe IH, Cheung W, Bowerbank SL, Dean JR, Wood J, McHugh MP, Plattner S, Howatson G. Plasma-Induced Changes in the Metabolome Following Vistula Tart Cherry Consumption. Nutrients 2024; 16:1023. [PMID: 38613057 PMCID: PMC11013268 DOI: 10.3390/nu16071023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Evidence suggests that tart cherry (TC) supplementation has beneficial effects on health indices and recovery following strenuous exercise. However, little is known about the mechanisms and how TC might modulate the human metabolome. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of an acute high- and low-dose of Vistula TC supplementation on the metabolomic profile in humans. In a randomised, double-blind, placebo controlled, cross-over design, 12 healthy participants (nine male and three female; mean ± SD age, stature, and mass were 29 ± 7 years old, 1.75 ± 0.1 m, and 77.3 ± 10.5 kg, respectively) visited the laboratory on three separate occasions (high dose; HI, low dose; LO, or placebo), separated by at least seven days. After an overnight fast, a baseline venous blood sample was taken, followed by consumption of a standardised breakfast and dose conditions (HI, LO, or placebo). Subsequent blood draws were taken 1, 2, 3, 5, and 8 h post consumption. Following sample preparation, an untargeted metabolomics approach was adopted, and the extracts analysed by LCMS/MS. When all time points were collated, a principal component analysis showed a significant difference between the conditions (p < 0.05), such that the placebo trial had homogeneity, and HI showed greater heterogeneity. In a sub-group analysis, cyanidine-3-O-glucoside (C3G), cyanidine-3-O-rutinoside (C3R), and vanillic acid (VA) were detected in plasma and showed significant differences (p < 0.05) following acute consumption of Vistula TC, compared to the placebo group. These results provide evidence that phenolics are bioavailable in plasma and induce shifts in the metabolome following acute Vistula TC consumption. These data could be used to inform future intervention studies where changes in physiological outcomes could be influenced by metabolomic shifts following acute supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Squires
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK; (E.S.); (I.H.W.); (W.C.); (S.L.B.); (J.R.D.); (J.W.); (M.P.M.)
| | - Ian H. Walshe
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK; (E.S.); (I.H.W.); (W.C.); (S.L.B.); (J.R.D.); (J.W.); (M.P.M.)
| | - William Cheung
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK; (E.S.); (I.H.W.); (W.C.); (S.L.B.); (J.R.D.); (J.W.); (M.P.M.)
| | - Samantha L. Bowerbank
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK; (E.S.); (I.H.W.); (W.C.); (S.L.B.); (J.R.D.); (J.W.); (M.P.M.)
| | - John R. Dean
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK; (E.S.); (I.H.W.); (W.C.); (S.L.B.); (J.R.D.); (J.W.); (M.P.M.)
| | - Jacob Wood
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK; (E.S.); (I.H.W.); (W.C.); (S.L.B.); (J.R.D.); (J.W.); (M.P.M.)
| | - Malachy P. McHugh
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK; (E.S.); (I.H.W.); (W.C.); (S.L.B.); (J.R.D.); (J.W.); (M.P.M.)
- Nicholas Institute of Sports Medicine and Athletic Trauma, Northwell Health, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | | | - Glyn Howatson
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK; (E.S.); (I.H.W.); (W.C.); (S.L.B.); (J.R.D.); (J.W.); (M.P.M.)
- Water Research Group, North West University, Potchefstroom 2531, South Africa
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3
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Vignati E, Lipska M, Dunwell JM, Caccamo M, Simkin AJ. Options for the generation of seedless cherry, the ultimate snacking product. PLANTA 2022; 256:90. [PMID: 36171415 PMCID: PMC9519733 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-022-04005-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
This manuscript identifies cherry orthologues of genes implicated in the development of pericarpic fruit and pinpoints potential options and restrictions in the use of these targets for commercial exploitation of parthenocarpic cherry fruit. Cherry fruit contain a large stone and seed, making processing of the fruit laborious and consumption by the consumer challenging, inconvenient to eat 'on the move' and potentially dangerous for children. Availability of fruit lacking the stone and seed would be potentially transformative for the cherry industry, since such fruit would be easier to process and would increase consumer demand because of the potential reduction in costs. This review will explore the background of seedless fruit, in the context of the ambition to produce the first seedless cherry, carry out an in-depth analysis of the current literature around parthenocarpy in fruit, and discuss the available technology and potential for producing seedless cherry fruit as an 'ultimate snacking product' for the twenty-first century.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edoardo Vignati
- NIAB East Malling, Department of Genetics, Genomics and Breeding, New Road, West Malling, Kent, ME19 6BJ, UK
- School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, Berkshire, RG6 6EU, UK
| | - Marzena Lipska
- NIAB East Malling, Department of Genetics, Genomics and Breeding, New Road, West Malling, Kent, ME19 6BJ, UK
| | - Jim M Dunwell
- School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, Berkshire, RG6 6EU, UK
| | - Mario Caccamo
- NIAB, Cambridge Crop Research, Lawrence Weaver Road, Cambridge, CB3 0LE, UK
| | - Andrew J Simkin
- NIAB East Malling, Department of Genetics, Genomics and Breeding, New Road, West Malling, Kent, ME19 6BJ, UK.
- School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, CT2 7NJ, UK.
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Letsiou S, Ganopoulos I, Kapazoglou A, Xanthopoulou A, Sarrou E, Tanou G, Molassiotis A. Probing the effects of sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) extract on 2D and 3D human skin models. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:2687-2693. [PMID: 35034286 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-07076-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Natural products are not only positioned in the heart of traditional medicine but also in modern medicine as many current drugs are coming from natural sources. Apart from the field of medicine and therapeutics, natural products are broadly used in other industrial fields such as nutrition, skincare products and nanotechnology. METHODS AND RESULTS The aim of this study was to assess the effects of sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) fruit extract from the Greek native cultivar 'Vasiliadi', on the human 2D and 3D in vitro models in order to investigate its potential impact on skin. We focused on 2D culture of primary normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEK) that were treated with sweet cherry fruit extract. In the first place, we targeted fruit extract potential cytotoxicity by determining ATP intracellular levels. Furthermore, we assessed its potential skin irritability by using 3D skin model. To better understand the bioactivity of sweet cherry fruit. extract, we used qPCR to study the expression of various genes that are implicated in the skin functions. Our experiments showed that sweet cherry fruit extract is non-toxic in 2D keratinocytes culture as well as non-irritant in 3D skin model. Our results revealed that the extract mediated important pathways for the optimum epidermis function such as cell proliferation, immune and inflammatory response. CONCLUSION The sweet cherry fruit extracts possesses significant activity in epidermis function without any potential of cytotoxicity or skin irritability, which makes it a rather promising active agent for skincare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Letsiou
- Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, ELGO-DEMETER, 57001, Thessaloniki-Thermi, Greece.
| | - Ioannis Ganopoulos
- Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, ELGO-DEMETER, 57001, Thessaloniki-Thermi, Greece
| | - Aliki Kapazoglou
- Institute of Olive Tree, Subtropical Crops and Viticulture (IOSV), Department of Vitis, ELGO-DEMETER, Lykovrysi, 14123, Athens, Greece
| | - Aliki Xanthopoulou
- Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, ELGO-DEMETER, 57001, Thessaloniki-Thermi, Greece
- Laboratory of Pomology, Department of Horticulture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 57001, Thessaloniki-Thermi, Greece
| | - Eirini Sarrou
- Institute of Olive Tree, Subtropical Crops and Viticulture (IOSV), Department of Vitis, ELGO-DEMETER, Lykovrysi, 14123, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgia Tanou
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources, ELGO-DEMETER, 57001, Thessaloniki-Thermi, Greece
- Joint Laboratory of Horticulture, ELGO-DEMETER, 57001, Thessaloniki-Thermi, Greece
| | - Athanassios Molassiotis
- Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, ELGO-DEMETER, 57001, Thessaloniki-Thermi, Greece
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The pleiotropic effects of Prunus avium L. extract against oxidative stress on human fibroblasts. An in vitro approach. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:4441-4448. [PMID: 34100152 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06464-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
There is a persistent interest in innovative and multifunctional ingredients in biology research. With regards to this, natural sources have an important role due to their multiple benefits. Thus, this study aims to present the pleiotropic activity of Prunus avium L. extract on human primary fibroblasts for proving its efficacy in dermis-related processes. We focused on the safety and efficacy assessments based on cytotoxicity and gene expression analysis under oxidative stress. Specifically, Prunus avium L. extract was proved non-cytotoxic in human fibroblasts. The gene expression analysis unveiled that this extract has in vitro protective properties on human dermal fibroblasts under oxidative stress related to antioxidant activity, anti-inflammatory response, cell proliferation and cell- aging. Our study demonstrated for the very first time that the Prunus avium L. extract is a multifunctional ingredient as it mediates several human dermis-related in vitro processes highlighting its potential to be used as an active ingredient in skin care products.
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Micioni Di Bonaventura MV, Martinelli I, Moruzzi M, Micioni Di Bonaventura E, Giusepponi ME, Polidori C, Lupidi G, Tayebati SK, Amenta F, Cifani C, Tomassoni D. Brain alterations in high fat diet induced obesity: effects of tart cherry seeds and juice. Nutrients 2020; 12:E623. [PMID: 32120798 PMCID: PMC7146216 DOI: 10.3390/nu12030623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence suggests that obesity adversely affects brain function. High body mass index, hypertension, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and diabetes are risk factors for increasing cognitive decline. Tart cherries (PrunusCerasus L.) are rich in anthocyanins and components that modify lipid metabolism. This study evaluated the effects of tart cherries on the brain in diet-induced obese (DIO) rats. DIO rats were fed with a high-fat diet alone or in association with a tart cherry seeds powder (DS) and juice (DJS). DIO rats were compared to rats fed with a standard diet (CHOW). Food intake, body weight, fasting glycemia, insulin, cholesterol, and triglycerides were measured. Immunochemical and immunohistochemical techniques were performed. Results showed that body weight did not differ among the groups. Blood pressure and glycemia were decreased in both DS and DJS groups when compared to DIO rats. Immunochemical and immunohistochemical techniques demonstrated that in supplemented DIO rats, the glial fibrillary acid protein expression and microglial activation were reduced in both the hippocampus and in the frontal cortex, while the neurofilament was increased. Tart cherry intake modified aquaporin 4 and endothelial inflammatory markers. These findings indicate the potential role of this nutritional supplement in preventing obesity-related risk factors, especially neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ilenia Martinelli
- School of Pharmacy, Pharmacology Unit, University of Camerino, via Madonna delle Carceri, 9, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Michele Moruzzi
- Department of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Liebigstraße 21, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Maria Elena Giusepponi
- School of Pharmacy, Pharmacology Unit, University of Camerino, via Madonna delle Carceri, 9, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Carlo Polidori
- School of Pharmacy, Pharmacology Unit, University of Camerino, via Madonna delle Carceri, 9, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Giulio Lupidi
- School of Pharmacy, Pharmacology Unit, University of Camerino, via Madonna delle Carceri, 9, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Seyed Khosrow Tayebati
- School of Pharmacy, Pharmacology Unit, University of Camerino, via Madonna delle Carceri, 9, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Francesco Amenta
- School of Pharmacy, Pharmacology Unit, University of Camerino, via Madonna delle Carceri, 9, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Carlo Cifani
- School of Pharmacy, Pharmacology Unit, University of Camerino, via Madonna delle Carceri, 9, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Daniele Tomassoni
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, via Gentile III da Varano, 62032 Camerino, Italy
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Karydas C, Iatrou M, Kouretas D, Patouna A, Iatrou G, Lazos N, Gewehr S, Tseni X, Tekos F, Zartaloudis Z, Mainos E, Mourelatos S. Prediction of Antioxidant Activity of Cherry Fruits from UAS Multispectral Imagery Using Machine Learning. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E156. [PMID: 32075036 PMCID: PMC7070805 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9020156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In this research, a model for the estimation of antioxidant content in cherry fruits from multispectral imagery acquired from drones was developed, based on machine learning methods. For two consecutive cultivation years, the trees were sampled on different dates and then analysed for their fruits' radical scavenging activity (DPPH) and Folin-Ciocalteu (FCR) reducing capacity. Multispectral images from unmanned aerial vehicles were acquired on the same dates with fruit sampling. Soil samples were collected throughout the study fields at the end of the season. Topographic, hydrographic and weather data also were included in modelling. First-year data were used for model-fitting, whereas second-year data for testing. Spatial autocorrelation tests indicated unbiased sampling and, moreover, allowed restriction of modelling input parameters to a smaller group. The optimum model employs 24 input variables resulting in a 6.74 root mean square error. Provided that soil profiles and other ancillary data are known in advance of the cultivation season, capturing drone images in critical growth phases, together with contemporary weather data, can support site- and time-specific harvesting. It could also support site-specific treatments (precision farming) for improving fruit quality in the long-term, with analogous marketing perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos Karydas
- Ecodevelopment S.A., Environmental Applications, 57010 Thessaloniki, Greece; (G.I.); (N.L.); (S.G.); (X.T.); (S.M.)
| | - Miltiadis Iatrou
- Agroecosystem L.P., Research and Trade of Agricultural Products, 63200 Nea Moudania, Greece; (M.I.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Dimitrios Kouretas
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Dept. of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece; (D.K.); (A.P.); (F.T.)
| | - Anastasia Patouna
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Dept. of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece; (D.K.); (A.P.); (F.T.)
| | - George Iatrou
- Ecodevelopment S.A., Environmental Applications, 57010 Thessaloniki, Greece; (G.I.); (N.L.); (S.G.); (X.T.); (S.M.)
| | - Nikolaos Lazos
- Ecodevelopment S.A., Environmental Applications, 57010 Thessaloniki, Greece; (G.I.); (N.L.); (S.G.); (X.T.); (S.M.)
| | - Sandra Gewehr
- Ecodevelopment S.A., Environmental Applications, 57010 Thessaloniki, Greece; (G.I.); (N.L.); (S.G.); (X.T.); (S.M.)
| | - Xanthi Tseni
- Ecodevelopment S.A., Environmental Applications, 57010 Thessaloniki, Greece; (G.I.); (N.L.); (S.G.); (X.T.); (S.M.)
| | - Fotis Tekos
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Dept. of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece; (D.K.); (A.P.); (F.T.)
| | - Zois Zartaloudis
- Agroecosystem L.P., Research and Trade of Agricultural Products, 63200 Nea Moudania, Greece; (M.I.); (Z.Z.)
| | | | - Spiros Mourelatos
- Ecodevelopment S.A., Environmental Applications, 57010 Thessaloniki, Greece; (G.I.); (N.L.); (S.G.); (X.T.); (S.M.)
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Kelley DS, Adkins Y, Laugero KD. A Review of the Health Benefits of Cherries. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10030368. [PMID: 29562604 PMCID: PMC5872786 DOI: 10.3390/nu10030368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased oxidative stress contributes to development and progression of several human chronic inflammatory diseases. Cherries are a rich source of polyphenols and vitamin C which have anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Our aim is to summarize results from human studies regarding health benefits of both sweet and tart cherries, including products made from them (juice, powder, concentrate, capsules); all referred to as cherries here. We found 29 (tart 20, sweet 7, unspecified 2) published human studies which examined health benefits of consuming cherries. Most of these studies were less than 2 weeks of duration (range 5 h to 3 months) and served the equivalent of 45 to 270 cherries/day (anthocyanins 55–720 mg/day) in single or split doses. Two-thirds of these studies were randomized and placebo controlled. Consumption of cherries decreased markers for oxidative stress in 8/10 studies; inflammation in 11/16; exercise-induced muscle soreness and loss of strength in 8/9; blood pressure in 5/7; arthritis in 5/5, and improved sleep in 4/4. Cherries also decreased hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C), Very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) and triglycerides/high-density lipoprotein (TG/HDL) in diabetic women, and VLDL and TG/HDL in obese participants. These results suggest that consumption of sweet or tart cherries can promote health by preventing or decreasing oxidative stress and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darshan S Kelley
- US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CV 95616, USA.
| | - Yuriko Adkins
- US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CV 95616, USA.
| | - Kevin D Laugero
- US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CV 95616, USA.
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9
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Gąstoł M, Krośniak M, Derwisz M, Dobrowolska-Iwanek J. Cornelian Cherry (Cornus mas L.) Juice as a Potential Source of Biological Compounds. J Med Food 2013; 16:728-32. [DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2012.0248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Gąstoł
- Department of Pomology and Apiculture, University of Agriculture in Kraków, Kraków, Poland
| | - Mirosław Krośniak
- Department of Food Chemistry and Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Derwisz
- Department of Food Chemistry and Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Justyna Dobrowolska-Iwanek
- Department of Food Chemistry and Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
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10
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Essa MM, Subash S, Braidy N, Al-Adawi S, Lim CK, Manivasagam T, Guillemin GJ. Role of NAD(+), Oxidative Stress, and Tryptophan Metabolism in Autism Spectrum Disorders. Int J Tryptophan Res 2013; 6:15-28. [PMID: 23922500 PMCID: PMC3729335 DOI: 10.4137/ijtr.s11355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a pervasive neuro-developmental disorder characterized by impaired social interaction, reduced/absent verbal and non-verbal communication, and repetitive behavior during early childhood. The etiology of this developmental disorder is poorly understood, and no biomarkers have been identified. Identification of novel biochemical markers related to autism would be advantageous for earlier clinical diagnosis and intervention. Studies suggest that oxidative stress-induced mechanisms and reduced antioxidant defense, mitochondrial dysfunction, and impaired energy metabolism (NAD(+), NADH, ATP, pyruvate, and lactate), are major causes of ASD. This review provides renewed insight regarding current autism research related to oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and altered tryptophan metabolism in ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Musthafa Mohamed Essa
- Dept of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Oman. ; School of Medical Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of NSW, Sydney, Australia
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