1
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Rusbjerg-Weberskov CE, Gant MS, Chamot-Rooke J, Nielsen NS, Enghild JJ. Development of a top-down MS assay for specific identification of human periostin isoforms. Front Mol Biosci 2024; 11:1399225. [PMID: 38962283 PMCID: PMC11220192 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2024.1399225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Periostin is a matricellular protein encoded by the POSTN gene that is alternatively spliced to produce ten different periostin isoforms with molecular weights ranging from 78 to 91 kDa. It is known to promote fibrillogenesis, organize the extracellular matrix, and bind integrin-receptors to induce cell signaling. As well as being a key component of the wound healing process, it is also known to participate in the pathogenesis of different diseases including atopic dermatitis, asthma, and cancer. In both health and disease, the functions of the different periostin isoforms are largely unknown. The ability to precisely determine the isoform profile of a given human sample is fundamental for characterizing their functional significance. Identification of periostin isoforms is most often carried out at the transcriptional level using RT-PCR based approaches, but due to high sequence homogeneity, identification on the protein level has always been challenging. Top-down proteomics, where whole proteins are measured by mass spectrometry, offers a fast and reliable method for isoform identification. Here we present a fully developed top-down mass spectrometry assay for the characterization of periostin splice isoforms at the protein level.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Megan S. Gant
- Mass Spectrometry for Biology, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UAR 2024, Paris, France
| | - Julia Chamot-Rooke
- Mass Spectrometry for Biology, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UAR 2024, Paris, France
| | - Nadia Sukusu Nielsen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jan J. Enghild
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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2
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Yang Y, Wu J, Zhu H, Shi X, Liu J, Li Y, Wang M. Effect of hypoxia‑HIF‑1α‑periostin axis in thyroid cancer. Oncol Rep 2024; 51:57. [PMID: 38391012 PMCID: PMC10915707 DOI: 10.3892/or.2024.8716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The incidence of thyroid carcinoma (TC) has exhibited a rapid increase in recent years. A proportion of TCs exhibit aggressive behavior. The present study aimed to investigate the potential role of hypoxia‑hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit α (HIF‑1α)‑periostin axis in the progression of TC. The upregulation of periostin and HIF‑1α expression levels was detected in 95 clinical TC tissues as compared with normal thyroid tissues. Hypoxia promoted the viability and invasion of TC cells and this effect was inhibited by the downregulation of periostin. Hypoxia also induced the Warburg effect in TC and this effect was inhibited by the silencing of periostin. Further investigations revealed that hypoxia activated HIF‑1α, which in turn regulated the expression of periostin. Immunoprecipitation and dual luciferase reporter assays demonstrated that HIF‑1α upregulated the expression of periostin by binding to the promoter of periostin. On the whole, these findings suggest the existence of a hypoxia‑HIF‑1α‑periostin axis in TC and indicate the role of this axis in the progression of TC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Hongkou, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China
| | - Junyi Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Hongkou, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China
| | - Huiqin Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Dongtai People's Hospital, Dongtai, Jiangsu 224200, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoqin Shi
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Hongkou, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Hongkou, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Hongkou, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Hongkou, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China
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3
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Rusbjerg-Weberskov C, Johansen ML, Nowak JS, Otzen DE, Pedersen JS, Enghild JJ, Nielsen NS. Periostin C-Terminal Is Intrinsically Disordered and Interacts with 143 Proteins in an In Vitro Epidermal Model of Atopic Dermatitis. Biochemistry 2023; 62:2803-2815. [PMID: 37704583 PMCID: PMC10552548 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.3c00176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Human periostin is a 78-91 kDa matricellular protein implicated in extracellular matrix remodeling, tumor development, metastasis, and inflammatory diseases like atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, and asthma. The protein consists of six domains, including an N-terminal Cys-rich CROPT domain, four fasciclin-1 domains, and a C-terminal domain. The exons encoding the C-terminal domain may be alternatively spliced by shuffling four exons, generating ten variants of unknown function. Here, we investigate the structure and interactome of the full-length variant of the C-terminal domain with no exons spliced out. The structural analysis showed that the C-terminal domain lacked a tertiary structure and was intrinsically disordered. In addition, we show that the motif responsible for heparin-binding is in the conserved very C-terminal part of periostin. Pull-down confirmed three known interaction partners and identified an additional 140 proteins, among which nine previously have been implicated in atopic dermatitis. Based on our findings, we suggest that the C-terminal domain of periostin facilitates interactions between connective tissue components in concert with the four fasciclin domains.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mette Liere Johansen
- Department
of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus
University, Aarhus
C 8000, Denmark
| | - Jan S. Nowak
- Department
of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus
University, Aarhus
C 8000, Denmark
- Interdisciplinary
Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Aarhus C 8000, Denmark
| | - Daniel E. Otzen
- Department
of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus
University, Aarhus
C 8000, Denmark
- Interdisciplinary
Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Aarhus C 8000, Denmark
| | - Jan Skov Pedersen
- Department
of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Aarhus C 8000, Denmark
- Interdisciplinary
Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Aarhus C 8000, Denmark
| | - Jan J. Enghild
- Department
of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus
University, Aarhus
C 8000, Denmark
| | - Nadia Sukusu Nielsen
- Department
of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus
University, Aarhus
C 8000, Denmark
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4
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Wenhua S, Tsunematsu T, Umeda M, Tawara H, Fujiwara N, Mouri Y, Arakaki R, Ishimaru N, Kudo Y. Cancer cell-derived novel periostin isoform promotes invasion in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Med 2023; 12:8510-8525. [PMID: 36691359 PMCID: PMC10134278 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.5601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
It recently has been reported that partial-epithelial-mesenchymal transition (p-EMT) program is associated with metastasis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). We previously have identified POSTN (which encodes periostin) as an invasion-promoting molecule in HNSCC. Interestingly, POSTN expression is frequently observed in cancer cells with higher p-EMT score by using a previous single-cell transcriptomic data of HNSCC cases. Although it is known that POSTN has 11 splicing variants, the role of them has not been determined in HNSCC. Here, we found that HNSCC cells with EMT features expressed POSTN isoforms, Iso3 (lacking exon 17 and 21) and Iso5 (lacking exon 17), whereas fibroblast expressed Iso3 and Iso4 (lacking exon 17, 18, and 21). The expression of POSTN Iso3 and Iso4 are known to be widely observed in various cell types including stromal cells. Therefore, we focused on the role of novel cancer cell-derived POSTN isoform, Iso5, in HNSCC. Single overexpression of POSTN Iso5 as well as Iso3 promoted invasion. Surprisingly, Iso5 synergistically promoted invasion together with Iso3. Notably, Iso5 as well as Iso3 upregulated p-EMT-related genes. We suggest that a novel cancer-specific POSTN isoform lacking exon 17 (Iso5) can be a useful marker for detecting cancer cells undergoing p-EMT. Moreover, a POSTN Iso5 can be a novel target for diagnosis and therapy in HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao Wenhua
- Department of Oral Bioscience, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Takaaki Tsunematsu
- Department of Oral Molecular Pathology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Masaaki Umeda
- Department of Oral Molecular Pathology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Tawara
- Department of Oral Molecular Pathology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Natsumi Fujiwara
- Department of Oral Healthcare Promotion, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Mouri
- Department of Oral Bioscience, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Rieko Arakaki
- Department of Oral Molecular Pathology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Naozumi Ishimaru
- Department of Oral Molecular Pathology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yasusei Kudo
- Department of Oral Bioscience, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
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Kang H, Seo MK, Park B, Yoon SO, Koh YW, Kim D, Kim S. Characterizing intrinsic molecular features of the immune subtypes of salivary mucoepidermoid carcinoma. Transl Oncol 2022; 24:101496. [PMID: 35917642 PMCID: PMC9352547 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2022.101496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Characterizing the tumor microenvironment (TME) and immune landscape of cancer has been a promising step towards discovering new therapeutic biomarkers and guiding precision medicine; however, its application in mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) has been sparse. Here, we conducted a comprehensive study to understand the properties of the TME and immune profiles of MEC. METHOD 20 patients with MEC were collected from Yonsei Head and Neck Cancer Centre, Yonsei University, South Korea. Total RNA sequencing was conducted to determine gene expression profiles. Bioinformatic and immunoinformatic analyses were applied to characterize the TME and identify immunophenotypic subgroups, and to investigate the molecular features that explain the distinct phenotypes. RESULTS The MEC samples were subdivided into two groups, immune hot and immune cold, based on the heterogenous immune cell-infiltration and activation level. The immune-hot subgroup exhibited a higher level of immune activity, including T cell infiltration, cytolytic score, IFN-γ, antigen-presenting machinery, and immune modulator genes. Further characterizing molecular features of two subgroups, downregulation of lipid metabolic regulators, including MLXIPL and FASN, and the migration of chemokines and leukocytes were observed, respectively. And, Group-specific expression of immune checkpoint molecules, such as TIGIT, PD-L2, and CTLA-4, was observed in the immune-hot group, which can be exploited as a potential immunotherapeutic biomarker. CONCLUSIONS Immunophenotypically heterogeneous MEC subgroups analysis has shown distinctive molecular characteristics and provided potential treatment options. These findings yield new insights into TME of MEC and may help next step to study this uncharted cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyundeok Kang
- Department of Biomedical Systems Informatics, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Kyoung Seo
- Department of Biomedical Systems Informatics, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - BeumJin Park
- Department of Biomedical Systems Informatics, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Och Yoon
- Department of Pathology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Woo Koh
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Dahee Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sangwoo Kim
- Department of Biomedical Systems Informatics, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
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6
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Kusafuka K, Yamashita M, Iwasaki T, Tsuchiya C, Kubota A, Hirata K, Murakami A, Muramatsu A, Arai K, Suzuki M. Periostin expression and its supposed roles in benign and malignant thyroid nodules: an immunohistochemical study of 105 cases. Diagn Pathol 2021; 16:86. [PMID: 34563225 PMCID: PMC8465710 DOI: 10.1186/s13000-021-01146-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thyroid tumors are often difficult to histopathologically diagnose, particularly follicular adenoma (FA) and follicular carcinoma (FC). Papillary carcinoma (PAC) has several histological subtypes. Periostin (PON), which is a non-collagenous extracellular matrix molecule, has been implicated in tumor invasiveness. We herein aimed to elucidate the expression status and localization of PON in thyroid tumors. METHOD We collected 105 cases of thyroid nodules, which included cases of adenomatous goiter, FA, microcarcinoma (MIC), PAC, FC, poorly differentiated carcinoma (PDCa), and undifferentiated carcinoma (UCa), and immunohistochemically examined the PON expression patterns of these lesions. RESULTS Stromal PON deposition was detected in PAC and MIC, particularly in the solid/sclerosing subtype, whereas FA and FC showed weak deposition on the fibrous capsule. However, the invasive and/or extracapsular regions of microinvasive FC showed quite strong PON expression. Except for it, we could not find any significant histopathological differences between FA and FC. There were no other significant histopathological differences between FA and FC. Although PDCa showed a similar PON expression pattern to PAC, UCa exhibited stromal PON deposition in its invasive portions and cytoplasmic expression in its carcinoma cells. Although there was only one case of UCa, it showed strong PON immunopositivity. PAC and MIC showed similar patterns of stromal PON deposition, particularly at the invasive front. CONCLUSIONS PON may play a role in the invasion of thyroid carcinomas, particularly PAC and UCa, whereas it may act as a barrier to the growth of tumor cells in FA and minimally invasive FC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimihide Kusafuka
- Department of Pathology, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan.
| | - Masaru Yamashita
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surger, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Iwasaki
- Department of Pathology, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
| | | | - Aki Kubota
- Department of Pathology, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Kazuki Hirata
- Department of Pathology, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Akinori Murakami
- Department of Pathology, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Aya Muramatsu
- Department of Pathology, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Kazumori Arai
- Department of Pathology, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Makoto Suzuki
- Department of Pathology, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
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7
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Sonnenberg-Riethmacher E, Miehe M, Riethmacher D. Periostin in Allergy and Inflammation. Front Immunol 2021; 12:722170. [PMID: 34512647 PMCID: PMC8429843 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.722170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Matricellular proteins are involved in the crosstalk between cells and their environment and thus play an important role in allergic and inflammatory reactions. Periostin, a matricellular protein, has several documented and multi-faceted roles in health and disease. It is differentially expressed, usually upregulated, in allergic conditions, a variety of inflammatory diseases as well as in cancer and contributes to the development and progression of these diseases. Periostin has also been shown to influence tissue remodelling, fibrosis, regeneration and repair. In allergic reactions periostin is involved in type 2 immunity and can be induced by IL-4 and IL-13 in bronchial cells. A variety of different allergic diseases, among them bronchial asthma and atopic dermatitis (AD), have been shown to be connected to periostin expression. Periostin is commonly expressed in fibroblasts and acts on epithelial cells as well as fibroblasts involving integrin and NF-κB signalling. Also direct signalling between periostin and immune cells has been reported. The deposition of periostin in inflamed, often fibrotic, tissues is further fuelling the inflammatory process. There is increasing evidence that periostin is also expressed by epithelial cells in several of the above-mentioned conditions as well as in cancer. Augmented periostin expression has also been associated with chronic inflammation such as in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Periostin can be expressed in a variety of different isoforms, whose functions have not been elucidated yet. This review will discuss potential functions of periostin and its different isoforms in allergy and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Sonnenberg-Riethmacher
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan.,Department of Human Development and Health, School of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Michaela Miehe
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering - Immunological Biotechnology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Dieter Riethmacher
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan.,Department of Human Development and Health, School of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
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8
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Nikoloudaki G. Functions of Matricellular Proteins in Dental Tissues and Their Emerging Roles in Orofacial Tissue Development, Maintenance, and Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126626. [PMID: 34205668 PMCID: PMC8235165 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Matricellular proteins (MCPs) are defined as extracellular matrix (ECM) associated proteins that are important regulators and integrators of microenvironmental signals, contributing to the dynamic nature of ECM signalling. There is a growing understanding of the role of matricellular proteins in cellular processes governing tissue development as well as in disease pathogenesis. In this review, the expression and functions of different MP family members (periostin, CCNs, TSPs, SIBLINGs and others) are presented, specifically in relation to craniofacial development and the maintenance of orofacial tissues, including bone, gingiva, oral mucosa, palate and the dental pulp. As will be discussed, each MP family member has been shown to have non-redundant roles in development, tissue homeostasis, wound healing, pathology and tumorigenesis of orofacial and dental tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia Nikoloudaki
- Schulich Dentistry Department, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada; ; Tel.: +1-519-661-2111 (ext. 81102)
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada
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9
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Fiorino S, Visani M, Masetti M, Acquaviva G, Tallini G, De Leo A, Fornelli A, Ragazzi M, Vasuri F, Grifoni D, Argento CM, Maloberti T, Ravaioli M, Fabbri C, Jovine E, Pession A, de Biase D. Periostin, tenascin, osteopontin isoforms in long- and non-long survival patients with pancreatic cancer: a pilot study. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:8235-8241. [PMID: 32886326 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05763-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the most frequent histological type of malignancy in the pancreas. Extracellular matrix (ECM), plays a critical role during the process of human carcinogenesis and the possible diversity in matricellular proteins composition of ECM may have a significant impact on the clinical course of PDAC. Aim of this paper was to evaluate the expression of three matricellular proteins, including Periostin (POSTN), Tenascin (TNS) and Osteopontin (OPN), in PDAC from long-survival (LS) and non-long survival (NLS) patients. A total of 30 PDAC were analyzed, 15 from patients that survived more than 60 months after surgery (LS) and 15 that died from the disease within 24 (NLS). RNA was extracted and OPN, TNS and POSTN mRNA levels were evaluated by qRT-PCR. LS and NLS samples showed the same type of POSTN and TN isoforms. On the contrary, OPN seems to be preferentially expressed in NLS PDAC. Moreover, OPNb and OPNc isoforms were expressed exclusively in NLS samples. In conclusion, Our data led to hypothesize a possible relationship between the expression of different isoforms of each of these proteins and the clinical outcome of patients with PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirio Fiorino
- Internal Medicine Unit, Budrio Hospital, Azienda USL Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Michela Visani
- Department of Medicine, Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale)-Molecular Diagnostic Unit, Azienda USL di Bologna, University of Bologna School of Medicine, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Dipartimento di Farmacia e Biotecnologie)-Molecular Diagnostic Unit, Azienda USL di Bologna, University of Bologna, Viale Ercolani 4/2, 40139, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Giorgia Acquaviva
- Department of Medicine, Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale)-Molecular Diagnostic Unit, Azienda USL di Bologna, University of Bologna School of Medicine, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanni Tallini
- Department of Medicine, Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale)-Molecular Diagnostic Unit, Azienda USL di Bologna, University of Bologna School of Medicine, Bologna, Italy
| | - Antonio De Leo
- Department of Medicine, Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale)-Molecular Diagnostic Unit, Azienda USL di Bologna, University of Bologna School of Medicine, Bologna, Italy
| | - Adele Fornelli
- Anatomic Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-Maggiore Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Moira Ragazzi
- Anatomic Pathology Unit, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova-IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Francesco Vasuri
- Anatomic Pathology Unit, "F. Addarii" Institute of Oncology and Transplantation Pathology, S. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Daniela Grifoni
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Dipartimento di Farmacia e Biotecnologie)-Molecular Diagnostic Unit, Azienda USL di Bologna, University of Bologna, Viale Ercolani 4/2, 40139, Bologna, Italy
| | - Chiara Maria Argento
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Dipartimento di Farmacia e Biotecnologie)-Molecular Diagnostic Unit, Azienda USL di Bologna, University of Bologna, Viale Ercolani 4/2, 40139, Bologna, Italy
| | - Thais Maloberti
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Dipartimento di Farmacia e Biotecnologie)-Molecular Diagnostic Unit, Azienda USL di Bologna, University of Bologna, Viale Ercolani 4/2, 40139, Bologna, Italy
| | - Matteo Ravaioli
- Department of General Surgery and Transplantation, St. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Carlo Fabbri
- Unit of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, Forlì-Cesena Hospital, Forlì-Cesena, Italy
| | - Elio Jovine
- Surgery Unit, Azienda USL-Maggiore Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Annalisa Pession
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Dipartimento di Farmacia e Biotecnologie)-Molecular Diagnostic Unit, Azienda USL di Bologna, University of Bologna, Viale Ercolani 4/2, 40139, Bologna, Italy
| | - Dario de Biase
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Dipartimento di Farmacia e Biotecnologie)-Molecular Diagnostic Unit, Azienda USL di Bologna, University of Bologna, Viale Ercolani 4/2, 40139, Bologna, Italy.
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10
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Khurshid Z, Mali M, Adanir N, Zafar MS, Khan RS, Latif M. Periostin: Immunomodulatory Effects on Oral Diseases. Eur J Dent 2020; 14:462-466. [PMID: 32688410 PMCID: PMC7440953 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1714037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Periostin is a microcellular adapter protein. It plays a wide range of essential roles during the development and in immunomodulation. Periostin is a prominent contributor during the process of angiogenesis, tumorigenesis, and cardiac repair. It is expressed in periodontal ligaments, tendons, skin, adipose tissues, muscle, and bone. This is a protein-based biomolecule that has the diagnostic and monitoring capability and can potentially be used as a biomarker to detect physiological and pathological conditions. The aim of the present review was to explore the periostin morphology and associated structural features. Additionally, periostin’s immunomodulatory effects and associated biomarkers in context of oral diseases have been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohaib Khurshid
- Department of Prosthodontics and Dental Implantology, College of Dentistry, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maria Mali
- Department of Orthodontics, Islamic International Dental College, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Necdet Adanir
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Sohail Zafar
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Madinah Al-Munawarah, Madinah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Dental Materials, Islamic International Dental College, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Rabia Sannam Khan
- Department of Bioengineering, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - Muhammad Latif
- Centre for Genetics and Inherited Diseases, College of Medicine, Taibah University, Madinah Al-Munawarah, Madinah, Saudi Arabia
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11
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Nikoloudaki G, Creber K, Hamilton DW. Wound healing and fibrosis: a contrasting role for periostin in skin and the oral mucosa. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2020; 318:C1065-C1077. [PMID: 32267719 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00035.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Both skin and oral mucosa are characterized by the presence of keratinized epithelium in direct apposition to an underlying collagen-dense connective tissue. Despite significant overlap in structure and physiological function, skin and the oral mucosa exhibit significantly different healing profiles in response to injury. The oral mucosa has a propensity for rapid restoration of barrier function with minimal underlying fibrosis, but in contrast, skin is associated with slower healing and scar formation. Modulators of cell function, matricellular proteins have been shown to play significant roles in cutaneous healing, but their role in restoration of the oral mucosa is poorly defined. As will be discussed in this review, over the last 12 years our research group has been actively investigating the role of the profibrotic matricellular protein periostin in tissue homeostasis and fibrosis, as well as healing, in both skin and gingiva. In the skin, periostin is highly expressed in fibrotic scars and is upregulated during cutaneous wound repair, where it facilitates myofibroblast differentiation. In contrast, in gingival healing, periostin regulates extracellular matrix synthesis but does not appear to be associated with the transition of mesenchymal cells to a contractile phenotype. The significance of these findings will be discussed, with a focus on periostin as a potential therapeutic to augment healing of soft tissues or suppress fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia Nikoloudaki
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kendal Creber
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Douglas W Hamilton
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.,School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Oral Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
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Cai L, Brophy RH, Tycksen ED, Duan X, Nunley RM, Rai MF. Distinct expression pattern of periostin splice variants in chondrocytes and ligament progenitor cells. FASEB J 2019; 33:8386-8405. [PMID: 30991832 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201802281r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Periostin (POSTN), a secretory matricellular matrix protein, plays a multitude of biologic functions. Various splice variants of POSTN have been described; however, their expression pattern and functional implications are not completely understood. This study was undertaken to decipher the differential expression pattern of POSTN and its splice variants in various tissues and cell types. We show that POSTN was more highly expressed in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) remnants compared with articular cartilage at the cellular and tissue level. Isoforms 1 and 8 were highly expressed only in articular chondrocytes, suggesting their splice-specific regulation in chondrocytes. To discern the role of total POSTN and full-length human POSTN isoform 1 (hPOSTN-001), we stably transfected human chondrosarcoma 1 (hCh-1) cell line with hPOSTN-001 using a pcDNA3.1-hPOSTN-001 construct. RNA-sequencing analysis of hCh-1 cells identified differentially expressed genes with a known role in chondrocyte function and osteoarthritis. Similar expression of a subset of candidate genes was revealed in ACL progenitor cells and chondrocytes as well as in ACL progenitor cells in which POSTN activity was altered by overexpression and by small interfering RNA gene knockdown. Cells expressing total POSTN, not isoform 1, exhibited increased cell adhesion potential. These findings suggest an important role for POSTN in the knee.-Cai, L., Brophy, R. H., Tycksen, E. D., Duan, X., Nunley, R. M., Rai, M. F. Distinct expression pattern of periostin splice variants in chondrocytes and ligament progenitor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Cai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Musculoskeletal Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Robert H Brophy
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Musculoskeletal Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Eric D Tycksen
- Genome Technology Access Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Xin Duan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Musculoskeletal Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Ryan M Nunley
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Musculoskeletal Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Muhammad Farooq Rai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Musculoskeletal Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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13
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Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that periostin is frequently upregulated in tissue injury, inflammation, fibrosis and tumor progression. Periostin expression in cancer cells can promote metastatic potential of colorectal cancer (CRC) via activating PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Moreover, periostin is observed mainly in tumor stroma and cytoplasm of cancer cells, which may facilitate aggressiveness of CRC. In this review, we summarize information regarding periostin to emphasize its role as a prognostic marker of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingming Deng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
| | - Sheng Ao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
| | - Jianing Hou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
| | - Zhuofei Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
| | - Yunpeng Lei
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
| | - Guoqing Lyu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
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14
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Heterogeneous Periostin Expression in Different Histological Variants of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:8701386. [PMID: 29435461 PMCID: PMC5757104 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8701386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Revised: 11/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Periostin (PN) epithelial and stromal overexpression in tumor pathology has been studied according to tumor growth, angiogenesis, invasiveness, and metastasis, but a limited number of studies address PN in thyroid tumors. Aim Our study aimed to analyze PN expression in different histological variants of PTC and to correlate its expression with the clinicopathological prognostic factors. Material and Methods PN expression has been immunohistochemically assessed in 50 cases of PTC (conventional, follicular, oncocytic, macrofollicular, and tall cell variants), in tumor epithelial cells and intratumoral stroma. The association between PN expression and clinicopathological characteristics has been evaluated. Results Our results show that PTC presented different patterns of PN immunoreaction, stromal PN being significantly associated with advanced tumor stage and extrathyroidal extension. No correlations were found between PN overexpression in tumor epithelial cells and clinicopathological features, except for specific histological variants, the highest risk of poor outcome being registered for the conventional subtype in comparison to the oncocytic type. Conclusions Our study demonstrates differences in PN expression in histological subtypes of PTC. Our results plead in favor of a dominant protumorigenic role of stromal PN, while the action of epithelial PN is less noticeable.
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Landry NM, Cohen S, Dixon IMC. Periostin in cardiovascular disease and development: a tale of two distinct roles. Basic Res Cardiol 2017; 113:1. [PMID: 29101484 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-017-0659-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Tissue development and homeostasis are dependent upon the concerted synthesis, maintenance, and degradation of extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules. Cardiac fibrosis is now recognized as a primary contributor to incidence of heart failure, particularly heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, wherein cardiac filling in diastole is compromised. Periostin is a cell-associated protein involved in cell fate determination, proliferation, tumorigenesis, and inflammatory responses. As a non-structural component of the ECM, secreted 90 kDa periostin is emerging as an important matricellular factor in cardiac mesenchymal tissue development. In addition, periostin's role as a mediator in cell-matrix crosstalk has also garnered attention for its association with fibroproliferative diseases in the myocardium, and for its association with TGF-β/BMP signaling. This review summarizes the phylogenetic history of periostin, its role in cardiac development, and the major signaling pathways influencing its expression in cardiovascular pathology. Further, we provide a synthesis of the current literature to distinguish the multiple roles of periostin in cardiac health, development and disease. As periostin may be targeted for therapeutic treatment of cardiac fibrosis, these insights may shed light on the putative timing for application of periostin-specific therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie M Landry
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Smadar Cohen
- Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research Center, Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Beersheba, Israel.,Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheba, Israel
| | - Ian M C Dixon
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada. .,Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, R3010-351 Taché Avenue, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada.
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James A, Janson C, Malinovschi A, Holweg C, Alving K, Ono J, Ohta S, Ek A, Middelveld R, Dahlén B, Forsberg B, Izuhara K, Dahlén S. Serum periostin relates to type-2 inflammation and lung function in asthma: Data from the large population-based cohort Swedish GA(2)LEN. Allergy 2017; 72:1753-1760. [PMID: 28398635 DOI: 10.1111/all.13181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Periostin has been suggested as a novel, phenotype-specific biomarker for asthma driven by type 2 inflammation. However, large studies examining relationships between circulating periostin and patient characteristics are lacking and the suitability of periostin as a biomarker in asthma remains unclear. AIM To examine circulating periostin in healthy controls and subjects with asthma from the general population with different severity and treatment profiles, both with and without chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), in relation to other biomarkers and clinical characteristics. METHODS Serum periostin was examined by ELISA in 1100 subjects aged 17-76 from the Swedish Global Allergy and Asthma European Network (GA(2)LEN) study, which included 463 asthmatics with/without chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), 98 individuals with CRS only, and 206 healthy controls. Clinical tests included measurement of lung function, Fraction of exhaled NO (FeNO), IgE, urinary eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (U-EDN), and serum eosinophil cationic protein (S-ECP), as well as completion of questionnaires regarding respiratory symptoms, medication, and quality of life. RESULTS Although median periostin values showed no differences when comparing disease groups with healthy controls, multiple regression analyses revealed that periostin was positively associated with higher FeNO, U-EDN, and total IgE. In patients with asthma, an inverse relationship with lung function was also observed. Current smoking was associated with decreased periostin levels, whereas increased age and lower body mass index (BMI) related to higher periostin levels in subjects both with and without asthma. CONCLUSION We confirm associations between periostin and markers of type 2 inflammation, as well as lung function, and identify novel constitutional factors of importance to the use of periostin as a phenotype-specific biomarker in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. James
- Experimental Asthma and Allergy Research National Institute of Environmental Medicine Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
| | - C. Janson
- Department of Medical Sciences Respiratory, Allergy and Sleep Research Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden
| | - A. Malinovschi
- Department of Medical Sciences Clinical Physiology Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden
| | - C. Holweg
- Genentech Inc South San Fransisco CA USA
| | - K. Alving
- Department of Women's and Children's Health Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden
| | - J. Ono
- Shino‐test Corporation Ltd. Sagamihara Japan
| | - S. Ohta
- Department of Laboratory Medicine Saga Medical School Saga Japan
| | - A. Ek
- Experimental Asthma and Allergy Research National Institute of Environmental Medicine Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
| | - R. Middelveld
- Experimental Asthma and Allergy Research National Institute of Environmental Medicine Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
| | - B. Dahlén
- Department of Medicine and Lung and Allergy Clinic Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge Stockholm Sweden
| | - B. Forsberg
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine Umeå University Umeå Sweden
| | - K. Izuhara
- Division of Medical Biochemistry Department of Biomolecular Sciences Saga Medical School Saga Japan
| | - S.‐E. Dahlén
- Experimental Asthma and Allergy Research National Institute of Environmental Medicine Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
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Walker JT, McLeod K, Kim S, Conway SJ, Hamilton DW. Periostin as a multifunctional modulator of the wound healing response. Cell Tissue Res 2016; 365:453-65. [PMID: 27234502 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-016-2426-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
During tissue healing, the dynamic and temporal alterations required for effective repair occur in the structure and composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Matricellular proteins (MPs) are a group of diverse non-structural ECM components that bind cell surface receptors mediating interactions between the cell and its microenviroment, effectively regulating adhesion, migration, proliferation, signaling, and cell phenotype. Periostin (Postn), a pro-fibrogenic secreted glycoprotein, is defined as an MP based on its expression pattern and regulatory roles during development and healing and in disease processes. Postn consists of a typical signal sequence, an EMI domain responsible for binding to fibronectin, four tandem fasciclin-like domains that are responsible for integrin binding, and a C-terminal region in which multiple splice variants originate. This review focuses specifically on the role of Postn in wound healing and remodeling, an area of intense research during the last 10 years, particularly as related to skin healing and myocardium post-infarction. Postn interacts with cells through various integrin pairs and is an essential downstream effector of transforming growth factor-β superfamily signaling. Across various tissues, Postn is associated with the pro-fibrogenic process: specifically, the transition of fibroblasts to myofibroblasts, collagen fibrillogenesis, and ECM synthesis. Although the complexity of Postn as a modulator of cell behavior in tissue healing is only beginning to be elucidated, its expression is clearly a defining event in moving wound healing through the proliferative and remodeling phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- John T Walker
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON, Canada, N6A 5C1
| | - Karrington McLeod
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Engineering, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON, Canada, N6A 5C1
| | - Shawna Kim
- Division of Oral Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON, Canada, N6A 5C1
| | - Simon J Conway
- Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Douglas W Hamilton
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON, Canada, N6A 5C1.
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Engineering, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON, Canada, N6A 5C1.
- Division of Oral Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON, Canada, N6A 5C1.
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18
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Padial-Molina M, Volk SL, Rios HF. Preliminary insight into the periostin leverage during periodontal tissue healing. J Clin Periodontol 2015. [PMID: 26202398 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.12432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tissue repair and regeneration is assisted by the efficient coordination of cell and extracellular matrix interactions mediated by matricellular molecules such as periostin. Given its high expression around the teeth, the periodontal organ represents an ideal system to capture the protein dynamics during wound healing. METHODS An observational prospective case-control study was designed to characterize periostin changes over time after periodontal surgery in tissue, oral fluids and serum by histological, protein and mRNA analyses. RESULTS Histological analysis showed lower periostin with a diffuse local distribution pattern in disease patients. Levels of periostin in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) increased over time for both groups, more noticeably in the periodontitis subjects. A transient and subtle change in circulating periostin levels was also noticed. The mRNA periostin levels contrasted with the protein levels and may indicate the underlying post-transcriptional regulatory process during chronic inflammation. Levels of known periodontal disease biomarkers such as IL-β, IL1-α, TNF-α, MIP-1α and CRP served as tissue stability markers and complemented the clinical parameters recorded. CONCLUSION The transient local increase in GCF periostin after eliminating the local etiology in periodontally affected sites suggests its importance in the maturation and stability of the connective tissue. The decreasing levels observed as the tissue healed highlight its spatial/temporal significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Padial-Molina
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Department of Oral Surgery and Implant Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Sarah L Volk
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Hector F Rios
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- H F Rios
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI 48108, USA
| | - L F Bonewald
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
| | - S J Conway
- HB Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
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Nuzzo PV, Buzzatti G, Ricci F, Rubagotti A, Argellati F, Zinoli L, Boccardo F. Periostin: a novel prognostic and therapeutic target for genitourinary cancer? Clin Genitourin Cancer 2014; 12:301-11. [PMID: 24656869 DOI: 10.1016/j.clgc.2014.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2013] [Revised: 01/29/2014] [Accepted: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Many of the cellular abnormalities present in solid tumors are structural in nature and involve the proteins of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Periostin is a protein produced and secreted by the fibroblasts as a component of the ECM where it is involved in regulating intercellular adhesion. The expression of periostin has an important physiological role during embryogenesis and growth, namely at the level of bone, dental, and cardiac tissues. Many studies indicate that periostin plays an important role for tumor progression in various types of cancer, such as colon, lung, head and neck, breast, ovarian, and prostate. To the best of our knowledge, a limited number of studies have investigated periostin expression in urogenital cancer, such as prostate, bladder, penile, and renal cancer, and no studies were performed in testis cancer. In this review article, we summarize the most recent knowledge of periostin, its genetic and protein structure, and the role of the different isoforms identified and sequenced so far. In particular, we focus our attention on the role of this protein in genitourinary tumors, trying to emphasize the role not only as a possible prognostic marker, but also as a possible target for the development of future anticancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pier Vitale Nuzzo
- Academic Unit of Medical Oncology (Medical Oncology B), University of Genoa, School of Medicine, Genoa, Italy; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, School of Medicine, Genoa, Italy
| | - Giulia Buzzatti
- Academic Unit of Medical Oncology (Medical Oncology B), University of Genoa, School of Medicine, Genoa, Italy; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, School of Medicine, Genoa, Italy
| | - Francesco Ricci
- Academic Unit of Medical Oncology (Medical Oncology B), University of Genoa, School of Medicine, Genoa, Italy; IRCCS San Martino University Hospital - IST National Cancer Research Institute, Genoa, Italy
| | - Alessandra Rubagotti
- Academic Unit of Medical Oncology (Medical Oncology B), University of Genoa, School of Medicine, Genoa, Italy; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, School of Medicine, Genoa, Italy; IRCCS San Martino University Hospital - IST National Cancer Research Institute, Genoa, Italy
| | - Francesca Argellati
- Academic Unit of Medical Oncology (Medical Oncology B), University of Genoa, School of Medicine, Genoa, Italy; IRCCS San Martino University Hospital - IST National Cancer Research Institute, Genoa, Italy
| | - Linda Zinoli
- Academic Unit of Medical Oncology (Medical Oncology B), University of Genoa, School of Medicine, Genoa, Italy; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, School of Medicine, Genoa, Italy; IRCCS San Martino University Hospital - IST National Cancer Research Institute, Genoa, Italy
| | - Francesco Boccardo
- Academic Unit of Medical Oncology (Medical Oncology B), University of Genoa, School of Medicine, Genoa, Italy; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, School of Medicine, Genoa, Italy; IRCCS San Martino University Hospital - IST National Cancer Research Institute, Genoa, Italy.
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Hiss D. Optimizing molecular-targeted therapies in ovarian cancer: the renewed surge of interest in ovarian cancer biomarkers and cell signaling pathways. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2012; 2012:737981. [PMID: 22481932 PMCID: PMC3306947 DOI: 10.1155/2012/737981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2011] [Accepted: 11/24/2011] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The hallmarks of ovarian cancer encompass the development of resistance, disease recurrence and poor prognosis. Ovarian cancer cells express gene signatures which pose significant challenges for cancer drug development, therapeutics, prevention and management. Despite enhancements in contemporary tumor debulking surgery, tentative combination regimens and abdominal radiation which can achieve beneficial response rates, the majority of ovarian cancer patients not only experience adverse effects, but also eventually relapse. Therefore, additional therapeutic possibilities need to be explored to minimize adverse events and prolong progression-free and overall response rates in ovarian cancer patients. Currently, a revival in cancer drug discovery is devoted to identifying diagnostic and prognostic ovarian cancer biomarkers. However, the sensitivity and reliability of such biomarkers may be complicated by mutations in the BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes, diverse genetic risk factors, unidentified initiation and progression elements, molecular tumor heterogeneity and disease staging. There is thus a dire need to expand existing ovarian cancer therapies with broad-spectrum and individualized molecular targeted approaches. The aim of this review is to profile recent developments in our understanding of the interrelationships among selected ovarian tumor biomarkers, heterogeneous expression signatures and related molecular signal transduction pathways, and their translation into more efficacious targeted treatment rationales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donavon Hiss
- Molecular Oncology Research Laboratory, Department of Medical BioSciences, University of the Western Cape, Bellville 7535, South Africa
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