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Gherman LM, Tomuleasa D, Cismaru A, Nutu A, Berindan-Neagoe I. Exploring the contrasts: in-depth analysis of human and canine mammary tumors - discoveries at the frontier. Med Pharm Rep 2024; 97:132-142. [PMID: 38746025 PMCID: PMC11090284 DOI: 10.15386/mpr-2733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
We have examined genomic and transcriptomic abnormalities in human and canine samples to evaluate the canine model's validity for breast cancer research, emphasizing similarities and differences. Both species commonly utilize serum tumor markers and noncoding microRNAs. Immunohistochemistry and immunocytochemistry were employed to illustrate and compare results based on histological diagnoses. In addition to these factors, similarities exist in spontaneous tumor occurrence, age of onset, hormonal influences, and disease progression, including tumor size, clinical stage, and lymph node involvement. Molecular traits such as hormone receptor status, Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR), and proliferation markers (Ki67) further endorse the canine model's utility in breast cancer studies. The advancement of technologies facilitates the identification of new cancer-associated molecules, both coding and non-coding genes, underscoring their potential as prognostic/diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Madalina Gherman
- Experimental Centre of Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Diana Tomuleasa
- MEDFUTURE - The Research Center for Advanced Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Andrei Cismaru
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Andreea Nutu
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ioana Berindan-Neagoe
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Doctoral School, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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2
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Gherman LM, Chiroi P, Nuţu A, Bica C, Berindan-Neagoe I. Profiling canine mammary tumors: A potential model for studying human breast cancer. Vet J 2024; 303:106055. [PMID: 38097103 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2023.106055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Despite all clinical progress recorded in the last decades, human breast cancer (HBC) remains a major challenge worldwide both in terms of its incidence and its management. Canine mammary tumors (CMTs) share similarities with HBC and represent an alternative model for HBC. The utility of the canine model in studying HBC relies on their common features, include spontaneous development, subtype classification, mutational profile, alterations in gene expression profile, and incidence/prevalence. This review describes the similarities between CMTs and HBC regarding genomic landscape, microRNA expression alteration, methylation, and metabolomic changes occurring during mammary gland carcinogenesis. The primary purpose of this review is to highlight the advantages of using the canine model as a translational animal model for HBC research and to investigate the challenges and limitations of this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana-Madalina Gherman
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Experimental Center of Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Paul Chiroi
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Andreea Nuţu
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Cecilia Bica
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Ioana Berindan-Neagoe
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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3
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Tomanelli M, Florio T, Vargas GC, Pagano A, Modesto P. Domestic Animal Models of Central Nervous System Tumors: Focus on Meningiomas. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:2284. [PMID: 38137885 PMCID: PMC10744527 DOI: 10.3390/life13122284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Intracranial primary tumors (IPTs) are aggressive forms of malignancies that cause high mortality in both humans and domestic animals. Meningiomas are frequent adult IPTs in humans, dogs, and cats, and both benign and malignant forms cause a decrease in life quality and survival. Surgery is the primary therapeutic approach to treat meningiomas, but, in many cases, it is not resolutive. The chemotherapy and targeted therapy used to treat meningiomas also display low efficacy and many side effects. Therefore, it is essential to find novel pharmacological approaches to increase the spectrum of therapeutic options for meningiomas. This review analyzes the similarities between human and domestic animal (dogs and cats) meningiomas by evaluating the molecular and histological characteristics, diagnosis criteria, and treatment options and highlighting possible research areas to identify novel targets and pharmacological approaches, which are useful for the diagnosis and therapy of this neoplasia to be used in human and veterinary medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Tomanelli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy; (G.C.V.); (A.P.)
| | - Tullio Florio
- Pharmacology Section, Department of Internal Medicine (DIMI), University of Genova, 16126 Genova, Italy;
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Gabriela Coronel Vargas
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy; (G.C.V.); (A.P.)
| | - Aldo Pagano
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy; (G.C.V.); (A.P.)
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Paola Modesto
- National Reference Center for Veterinary and Comparative Oncology, Veterinary Medical Research Institute for Piemonte, Liguria and Valle d’Aosta, 10154 Torino, Italy
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Varvil MS, dos Santos AP. A review on microRNA detection and expression studies in dogs. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1261085. [PMID: 37869503 PMCID: PMC10585042 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1261085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that function by post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. Their stability and abundance in tissue and body fluids makes them promising potential tools for both the diagnosis and prognosis of diseases and attractive therapeutic targets in humans and dogs. Studies of miRNA expression in normal and disease processes in dogs are scarce compared to studies published on miRNA expression in human disease. In this literature review, we identified 461 peer-reviewed papers from database searches using the terms "canine," "dog," "miRNA," and "microRNA"; we screened 244 for inclusion criteria and then included a total of 148 original research peer-reviewed publications relating to specific miRNA expression in canine samples. We found an overlap of miRNA expression changes between the four groups evaluated (normal processes, non-infectious and non-inflammatory conditions, infectious and/or inflammatory conditions, and neoplasia) in 39 miRNAs, 83 miRNAs in three of the four groups, 110 miRNAs in two of the three groups, where 158 miRNAs have only been reported in one of the groups. Additionally, the mechanism of action of these overlapping miRNAs varies depending on the disease process, elucidating a need for characterization of the mechanism of action of each miRNA in each disease process being evaluated. Herein we also draw attention to the lack of standardization of miRNA evaluation, consistency within a single evaluation method, and the need for standardized methods for a direct comparison.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara S. Varvil
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
| | - Andrea Pires dos Santos
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
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Sgadari M, Cacciola NA, Power K, Martano M, Restucci B. Sirtuin 1 Expression in Canine Mammary Tumors: A Pilot Study. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2609. [PMID: 37627400 PMCID: PMC10451855 DOI: 10.3390/ani13162609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) is a protein involved in aging, cell protection, and energy metabolism in mammals. Recently, SIRT1 has been intensively studied in medical oncology, but the role of SIRT1 is still controversial, as it has been proposed as both an oncogene and a tumor suppressor. The aim of this study is to investigate the expression of SIRT1 by immunohistochemistry in canine mammary tissues, and by Western blot and immunofluorescence analysis in different canine mammary cell lines. Our results showed a decrease in SIRT1 expression from normal mammary gland tissue, and from benign and well-differentiated malignant tumors (G1) to less differentiated ones (G2-G3). Furthermore, a shift in the subcellular localization of SIRT1 from the nucleus to the cytoplasm was observed in less differentiated malignant tumors. However, further studies are needed to investigate the subcellular localization of SIRT1 in canine cancer cells and the role it may play in oncogenesis in animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariafrancesca Sgadari
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via F. Delpino 1, 80137 Naples, Italy; (N.A.C.); (K.P.); (M.M.)
| | | | | | | | - Brunella Restucci
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via F. Delpino 1, 80137 Naples, Italy; (N.A.C.); (K.P.); (M.M.)
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Yang Y, Mei C, Xian H, Zhang X, Li J, Liang ZX, Zhi Y, Ma Y, Wang HJ. Toosendanin-induced apoptosis of CMT-U27 is mediated through the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. Vet Comp Oncol 2023; 21:315-326. [PMID: 36809669 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Toosendanin (TSN) is an active compound from the fruit of Melia toosendan Sieb et Zucc. TSN has been shown to have broad-spectrum anti-tumour activities in human cancers. However, there are still many gaps in the knowledge of TSN on canine mammary tumours (CMT). CMT-U27 cells were used to select the optimal acting time and best concentration of TSN to initiate apoptosis. Cell proliferation, cell colony formation, cell migration and cell invasion were analysed. The expression of apoptosis-related genes and proteins were also detected to explore the mechanism of action of TSN. A murine tumour model was established to detect the effect of TSN treatments. The results showed that TSN decreased cell viability of migration and invasion, altered CMT-U27 cell morphology, and inhibited DNA synthesis. TSN-induced cell apoptosis by upregulating BAX, cleaved caspase-3, cleaved caspase-9, p53 and cytochrome C (cytosolic) protein expression, and downregulating Bcl-2 and cytochrome C (mitochondrial) expression. In addition, TSN increased the mRNA transcription levels of cytochrome C, p53 and BAX, and decreased the mRNA expression of Bcl-2. Furthermore, TSN inhibited the growth of CMT xenografts by regulating the expression of genes and proteins activated by the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. In conclusion, TSN effectively inhibited cell proliferation, migration and invasion activity, as well as induced CMT-U27 cell apoptosis. The study provides a molecular basis for the development of clinical drugs and other therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Yang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Municipal Academy of Agriculture and Forestry, Beijing, China
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Rongchang Chongqing, China
| | - Chen Mei
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Municipal Academy of Agriculture and Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Xian
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Municipal Academy of Agriculture and Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Municipal Academy of Agriculture and Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Li
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Rongchang Chongqing, China
| | - Zhi-Xuan Liang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Municipal Academy of Agriculture and Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Zhi
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Municipal Academy of Agriculture and Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Ma
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Rongchang Chongqing, China
| | - Hong-Jun Wang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Municipal Academy of Agriculture and Forestry, Beijing, China
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7
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MicroRNA and Messenger RNA Expression Profiles in Canine Mammary Gland Tumor. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032618. [PMID: 36768939 PMCID: PMC9917093 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Canine mammary gland tumor (CMT) is the most frequently diagnosed neoplasm in intact female dogs. As prognosis depends on the malignancy of tumors and metastasis levels, early and accurate diagnosis are crucial for prolongation of life expectancy. The genetic similarity of dogs with humans in addition to environmental and physiological similarities make them ideal models for the study of cancer. In this study, we analyzed differentially expressed microRNAs followed by RNA-Seq to investigate the alterations in mRNA levels based on the malignancy (benign, malignant) and the biopsy locations (tumors, surrounding normal tissues). We identified multiple breast cancer-related genes regardless of malignancy. We found cfa-miR-503 to be the only miRNA that showed altered expression in response to malignancy in CMTs. Although further validation is needed, cfa-miR-503 could be used as a potential diagnostic biomarker as well as a potential RNA-based anti-tumor drug in malignant CMTs.
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8
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Zamarian V, Stefanello D, Ferrari R, Chiti LE, Grieco V, DallaCosta E, Ceciliani F, Lecchi C. Salivary miR-21 is a potential biomarker for canine mast cell tumors. Vet Pathol 2023; 60:47-51. [PMID: 36286075 DOI: 10.1177/03009858221128922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of noncoding RNA molecules playing a crucial role in tumor modulation targeting mRNA. This study aimed to validate the diagnostic potential of a panel of 3 miRNAs previously identified in canine mast cell tumors (MCTs), miR-21, miR-379, and miR-885, as markers of lymph node involvement in terms of histological absence (nonmetastatic: HN0; premetastatic: HN1) and presence (early-metastatic: HN2; overt-metastatic: HN3) of metastasis, in the saliva of mast cell tumor (MCT)-affected dogs by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Forty-seven saliva samples were analyzed: 36 from MCT-affected dogs (12 subcutaneous [3 HN0-1 and 9 HN2-3] and 24 cutaneous [9 HN0-1 and 15 HN2-3-MCT]) and 11 from healthy dogs. MCT-group effects were investigated using analysis of variance (ANOVA). The origin of the tumor affected the expression of salivary miR-21 (P = .011) with an increase in cases with subcutaneous MCTs compared with the healthy group (P = .0005) and those with cutaneous MCTs (P = .004). Salivary miR-21 was higher in the HN2-3 class compared with the healthy group (P = .004). Salivary miR-885 was not affected by the presence of MCT, while miR-379 was not detected in saliva. The diagnostic potential of salivary miR-21 in discriminating MCT-affected dogs from the healthy group (AUC = 0.8917), cutaneous from subcutaneous (AUC = 0.8111), and subcutaneous HN0-1 (AUC = 0.7250) and HN2-3 (AUC = 0.9750) classes from healthy samples was demonstrated by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Overall, salivary miR-21 was identified as a promising tool, representing a novel approach to detecting MCT-associated epigenetic alterations in a minimally invasive manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Zamarian
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Lodi, Italy.,IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milano, Italy
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Lyngby JG, Gòdia M, Brogaard L, Kristensen AT, Fredholm M, Skancke E, Morris J, Dupont N, Salavati Schmitz S, Argyle D, Sánchez A, Bjørnvad CR, Cirera S, Nielsen LN. Association of fecal and serum microRNA profiles with gastrointestinal cancer and chronic inflammatory enteropathy in dogs. Vet Med (Auckl) 2022; 36:1989-2001. [PMID: 36120988 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.16530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reliable biomarkers to differentiate gastrointestinal cancer (GIC) from chronic inflammatory enteropathy (CIE) in dogs are needed. Fecal and serum microRNAs (miRNAs) have been proposed as diagnostic and prognostic markers of GI disease in humans and dogs. HYPOTHESIS/OBJECTIVES Dogs with GIC have fecal and serum miRNA profiles that differ from those of dogs with CIE. AIMS (a) identify miRNAs that differentiate GIC from CIE, (b) use high-throughput reverse transcription quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) to establish fecal and serum miRNA panels to distinguish GIC from CIE in dogs. ANIMALS Twenty-four dogs with GIC, 10 dogs with CIE, and 10 healthy dogs, all client-owned. METHODS An international multicenter observational prospective case-control study. Small RNA sequencing was used to identify fecal and serum miRNAs, and RT-qPCR was used to establish fecal and serum miRNA panels with the potential to distinguish GIC from CIE. RESULTS The best diagnostic performance for distinguishing GIC from CIE was fecal miR-451 (AUC: 0.955, sensitivity: 86.4%, specificity: 100%), miR-223 (AUC: 0.918, sensitivity: 90.9%, specificity: 80%), and miR-27a (AUC: 0.868, sensitivity: 81.8%, specificity: 90%) and serum miR-20b (AUC: 0.905, sensitivity: 90.5%, specificity: 90%), miR-148a-3p (AUC: 0.924, sensitivity: 85.7%, specificity: 90%), and miR-652 (AUC: 0.943, sensitivity: 90.5%, specificity: 90%). Slightly improved diagnostic performance was achieved when combining fecal miR-451 and miR-223 (AUC: 0.973, sensitivity: 95.5%, specificity: 90%). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE When used as part of a diagnostic RT-qPCR panel, the abovementioned miRNAs have the potential to function as noninvasive biomarkers for the differentiation of GIC and CIE in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janne G Lyngby
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marta Gòdia
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, School of Veterinary Sciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalonia, Spain.,Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics, The Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA), Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), and University of Barcelona (UB), Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalonia, Spain.,Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Louise Brogaard
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Annemarie T Kristensen
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Merete Fredholm
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ellen Skancke
- Department of Companion Animal Clinical Sciences, Norwegian University of the Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Joanna Morris
- College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Nana Dupont
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Silke Salavati Schmitz
- Hospital for Small Animals, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, The Roslin Institute, College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian, United Kingdom
| | - David Argyle
- Hospital for Small Animals, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, The Roslin Institute, College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian, United Kingdom
| | - Armand Sánchez
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, School of Veterinary Sciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalonia, Spain.,Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics, The Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA), Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), and University of Barcelona (UB), Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Charlotte R Bjørnvad
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Susanna Cirera
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lise N Nielsen
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Varvil MS, Bailey T, Dhawan D, Knapp DW, Ramos-Vara JA, dos Santos AP. The miRNome of canine invasive urothelial carcinoma. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:945638. [PMID: 36072391 PMCID: PMC9443663 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.945638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Urothelial carcinoma (UC) comprises up to 2% of all naturally occurring neoplasia in dogs and can be challenging to diagnose. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been reported to be dysregulated in numerous diseases, including neoplasia. MiRNA expression has been evaluated in human UC, but there is limited information regarding the miRNA transcriptome of UC in dogs. Our study aimed to evaluate differential miRNA expression in bladder tissue collected from normal canine urothelium and canine invasive UC (iUC) to elucidate the dysregulated pathways in canine UC. Next-Generation RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) was performed for dogs with UC (n = 29) and normal canine urothelium (n = 4). Raw RNA data were subjected to normalization, and pairwise comparison was performed using EdgeR with Benjamini-Hochberg FDR multiple testing correction (p < 0.05; >2-fold change) comparing tissue samples of normal urothelium to canine iUC samples. Principal component analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis were performed. MiRNA of FFPE tissue samples of separate iUC (n = 5) and normal urothelium (n = 5) were used to evaluate five miRNAs using RT-qPCR. Pathway analysis was performed utilizing miRWalk, STRING database, and Metascape utilizing KEGG pathways and GO terms databases. Twenty-eight miRNAs were differentially expressed (DE) by RNA-Seq. RT-qPCR confirmed that four miRNAs are significantly downregulated in UC compared to healthy urothelial samples (miR-105a, miR-143, miR-181a, and miR-214). Principal component analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis showed separation between miRNAs in iUC and the control group. The DE miRNAs are most often associated with gene silencing by miRNA, miRNAs in cancer, and miRNAs involved in DNA damage responses. Proteins involved include HRAS, KRAS, ARAF, RAF1, MAPK1, MAP2K1, MAPK3, FGFR3, EGFR, HBEGF, RASSF1, E2F2, E2F3, ERBB2, SRC, MMP1, and UP3KA. The differential expression of miRNAs in canine iUC compared to normal canine urothelial tissue indicates that these markers should be further evaluated for their potential role as diagnostic and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara S. Varvil
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Taylor Bailey
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Deepika Dhawan
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Deborah W. Knapp
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
- Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - José A. Ramos-Vara
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
- Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Andrea P. dos Santos
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
- *Correspondence: Andrea P. dos Santos
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Winter E, Cisilotto J, Goetten ALF, Veiga Â, Ramos AT, Zimermann FC, Reck C, Creczynski-Pasa TB. MicroRNAs as serum biomarker for Senecio brasiliensis poisoning in cattle. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2022; 94:103906. [PMID: 35697189 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2022.103906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Senecio spp. is one of the most frequent plant-related poisonings in cattle. Its ingestion generates the disease seneciosis, characterized by hepatic damages. Liver biopsies and serum markers dosage are tools used in diagnosis; however, many breeding cattle are undiagnosed. MicroRNAs are non-coding RNA, stable in biological fluids. Their difference in expression levels may indicate the presence of the poisoning. We analyzed the miRNA profiling to identify potential diagnostic biomarkers for Senecio brasiliensis poisoning. The expression of miR-21, miR-885, miR-122, miR-181b, miR-30a, miR-378, and let-7 f were evaluated in the serum of exposed cattle. At least one histological change was found in liver and lower quantity of albumin and high AST and ALP were also detected. MiRNAs miR-30a, miR-378, miR-21, miR-885, and miR-122 presented significantly higher expression in intoxicated animals than in healthy animals. Furthermore, miR-122, miR-885, and, especially, miR-21 signatures demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity, with potential application for detecting poisoning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyn Winter
- Department of Agriculture, Biodiversity and Forest, Postgraduate Program in Conventional and Integrative Veterinary Medicine, Curitibanos, SC 89520-000, Brazil.
| | - Julia Cisilotto
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmacy, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC 88040-900, Brazil
| | - André L F Goetten
- Department of Agriculture, Biodiversity and Forest, Postgraduate Program in Conventional and Integrative Veterinary Medicine, Curitibanos, SC 89520-000, Brazil
| | - Ângela Veiga
- Department of Agriculture, Biodiversity and Forest, Postgraduate Program in Conventional and Integrative Veterinary Medicine, Curitibanos, SC 89520-000, Brazil
| | - Adriano T Ramos
- Department of Agriculture, Biodiversity and Forest, Postgraduate Program in Conventional and Integrative Veterinary Medicine, Curitibanos, SC 89520-000, Brazil
| | - Francielli C Zimermann
- Department of Agriculture, Biodiversity and Forest, Postgraduate Program in Conventional and Integrative Veterinary Medicine, Curitibanos, SC 89520-000, Brazil
| | - Carolina Reck
- VERTÁ, Laboratory of Veterinary Diagnostic, Institute of Veterinary Research and Diagnostic, Curitibanos, SC 89520-000, Brazil
| | - Tânia B Creczynski-Pasa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC 88040-900, Brazil
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12
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Chokeshaiusaha K, Sananmuang T, Puthier D, Nguyen C. A novel cross-species differential tumor classification method based on exosome-derived microRNA biomarkers established by human-dog lymphoid and mammary tumor cell lines' transcription profiles. Vet World 2022; 15:1163-1170. [PMID: 35765483 PMCID: PMC9210832 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2022.1163-1170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim: Exosome-derived microRNA (miRNA) has been widely studied as a non-invasive candidate biomarker for tumor diagnosis in humans and dogs. Its application, however, was primarily focused on intraspecies usage for individual tumor type diagnosis. This study aimed to gain insight into its application as a cross-species differential tumor diagnostic tool; we demonstrated the process of identifying and using exosome-derived miRNA as biomarkers for the classification of lymphoid and mammary tumor cell lines in humans and dogs. Materials and Methods: Exosome-derived miRNA sequencing data from B-cell lymphoid tumor cell lines (n=13), mammary tumor cell lines (n=8), and normal mammary epithelium cultures (n=4) were pre-processed in humans and dogs. F-test and rank product (RP) analyses were used to select candidate miRNA orthologs for tumor cell line classification. The classification was carried out using an optimized support vector machine (SVM) with various kernel classifiers, including linear SVM, polynomial SVM, and radial basis function SVM. The receiver operating characteristic and precision-recall curves were used to assess the performance of all models. Results: MIR10B, MIR21, and MIR30E were chosen as the candidate orthologs from a total of 236 human-dog miRNA orthologs (p≤0.01, F-test score ≥10, and RP score ≤10). Their use of polynomial SVM provided the best performance in classifying samples from various tumor cell lines and normal epithelial culture. Conclusion: The study successfully demonstrated a method for identifying and utilizing candidate human-dog exosome-derived miRNA orthologs for differential tumor cell line classification. Such findings shed light on a novel non-invasive tumor diagnostic tool that could be used in both human and veterinary medicine in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaj Chokeshaiusaha
- Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Rajamangala University of Technology Tawan-OK, Chon Buri, Thailand
| | - Thanida Sananmuang
- Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Rajamangala University of Technology Tawan-OK, Chon Buri, Thailand
| | - Denis Puthier
- Aix-Marseille University, INSERM UMR 1090, TAGC, Marseille, France
| | - Catherine Nguyen
- Aix-Marseille University, INSERM UMR 1090, TAGC, Marseille, France
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13
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Unveiling the tumour-regulatory roles of miR-1275 in cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2021; 230:153745. [PMID: 34953353 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2021.153745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The rapid development of small RNA and molecular biology research in the past 20 years has enabled scientists to discover many new miRNAs that are proven to play essential roles in regulating the development of different cancer types. Among these miRNAs, miR-1275 is one of the well-studied miRNAs that has been described to act as a tumour-promoting or tumour-suppressing miRNA in various cancer types. Even though miR-1275 has been widely reported in different original research articles on its roles in modulating the progression of different cancer types, however, there is scarce an in-depth review that could constructively summarize the findings from different studies on the regulatory roles of miR-1275 in different cancer types. To fill up this literature gap, therefore, this review was aimed to provide an overview and summary of the roles of miR-1275 in modulating the development of different cancers and to unravel the mechanism of how miR-1275 regulates cancer progression. Based on the findings summarized from various sources, it was found that miR-1275 plays a vital role in regulating various cellular signaling pathways like the PI3K/AKT, ERK/JNK, MAPK, and Wnt signaling pathways, and the dysregulation of this miRNA has been shown to contribute to the development of multiple cancer types such as cancers of the liver, breast, lung, gastrointestinal tract and genitourinary tract. Therefore, miR-1275 has great potential to be employed as a biomarker to diagnose cancer and to predict the prognosis of cancer patients. In addition, by inhibiting the expression of its unique downstream targets that are involved in regulating the mentioned cellular pathways, this miRNA could also be utilized as a novel therapeutic agent to halt cancer development.
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14
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Effects of Lapatinib on HER2-Positive and HER2-Negative Canine Mammary Carcinoma Cells Cultured In Vitro. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13060897. [PMID: 34204236 PMCID: PMC8235449 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13060897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
HER2 is a prognostic and predictive marker widely used in breast cancer. Lapatinib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor that works by blocking the phosphorylation of the receptor HER2. Its use is related to relatively good results in the treatment of women with HER2+ breast cancer. Thus, this study aimed to verify the effects of lapatinib on four canine primary mammary gland carcinoma cell cultures and two paired metastatic cell cultures. Cultures were treated with lapatinib at concentrations of 100, 500, 1000 and 3000 nM for 24 h and the 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) for each cell culture was determined. In addition, a transwell assay was performed to assess the ability of lapatinib to inhibit cell migration. Furthermore, we verified HER2 expression by RT-qPCR analysis of cell cultures and formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues from samples corresponding to those used in cell culture. Lapatinib was able to inhibit cell proliferation in all cell cultures, but it was not able to inhibit migration in all cell cultures. The higher the expression of HER2 in a culture, the more sensitive the culture was to treatment. This relationship may be an indication that the expression of HER2 may be a predictive factor and opens a new perspective for the treatment of primary and metastatic mammary gland cancer.
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15
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Wilk SS, Zabielska-Koczywąs KA. Molecular Mechanisms of Canine Osteosarcoma Metastasis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:3639. [PMID: 33807419 PMCID: PMC8036641 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OSA) represents the most common bone tumor in dogs. The malignancy is highly aggressive, and most of the dogs die due to metastasis, especially to the lungs. The metastatic process is complex and consists of several main steps. Assessment of the molecular mechanisms of metastasis requires in vitro and especially in vivo studies for a full evaluation of the process. The molecular and biological resemblance of canine OSA to its human counterpart enables the utilization of dogs as a spontaneous model of this disease in humans. The aim of the present review article is to summarize the knowledge of genes and proteins, including p63, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), Snail2, ezrin, phosphorylated ezrin-radixin-moesin (p-ERM), hepatocyte growth factor-scatter factor (HGF-SF), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), miR-9, and miR-34a, that are proven, by in vitro and/or in vivo studies, to be potentially involved in the metastatic cascade of canine OSA. The determination of molecular targets of metastatic disease may enhance the development of new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Katarzyna A. Zabielska-Koczywąs
- Department of Small Animal Diseases and Clinic, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159c, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland;
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16
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Leonardi L, Scotlandi K, Pettinari I, Benassi MS, Porcellato I, Pazzaglia L. MiRNAs in Canine and Human Osteosarcoma: A Highlight Review on Comparative Biomolecular Aspects. Cells 2021; 10:cells10020428. [PMID: 33670554 PMCID: PMC7922516 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most frequent primary malignant tumor of bone in humans and animals. Comparative oncology is a field of study that examines the cancer risk and tumor progression across the species. The canine model is ideally suited for translational cancer research. The biological and clinical characteristics of human and canine OS are common to hypothesize as that several living and environmental common conditions shared between the two species can influence some etiopathogenetic mechanisms, for which the canine species represents an important model of comparison with the human species. In the canine and human species, osteosarcoma is the tumor of bone with the highest frequency, with a value of about 80–85% (in respect to all other bone tumors), a high degree of invasiveness, and a high rate of metastasis and malignancy. Humans and dogs have many genetic and biomolecular similarities such as alterations in the expression of p53 and in some types of microRNAs that our working group has already described previously in several separate works. In this paper, we report and collect new comparative biomolecular features of osteosarcoma in dogs and humans, which may represent an innovative update on the biomolecular profile of this tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Leonardi
- Reparto di Patologia Generale e Anatomia Patologica Veterinaria, Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (I.P.); (I.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-075-585-7663
| | - Katia Scotlandi
- Laboratory of experimental Oncology, IRCCS—Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (K.S.); (M.S.B.); (L.P.)
| | - Ilaria Pettinari
- Reparto di Patologia Generale e Anatomia Patologica Veterinaria, Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (I.P.); (I.P.)
| | - Maria Serena Benassi
- Laboratory of experimental Oncology, IRCCS—Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (K.S.); (M.S.B.); (L.P.)
| | - Ilaria Porcellato
- Reparto di Patologia Generale e Anatomia Patologica Veterinaria, Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (I.P.); (I.P.)
| | - Laura Pazzaglia
- Laboratory of experimental Oncology, IRCCS—Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (K.S.); (M.S.B.); (L.P.)
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17
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Kumar SU, Telichko AV, Wang H, Hyun D, Johnson EG, Kent MS, Rebhun RB, Dahl JJ, Culp WTN, Paulmurugan R. Acoustically Driven Microbubbles Enable Targeted Delivery of microRNA-Loaded Nanoparticles to Spontaneous Hepatocellular Neoplasia in Canines. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2020; 3:2000120. [PMID: 33415184 PMCID: PMC7784952 DOI: 10.1002/adtp.202000120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Spatially localized microbubble cavitation by ultrasound offers an effective means of altering permeability of natural barriers (i.e. blood vessel and cell membrane) in favor of nanomaterials accumulation in the target site. In this study, a clinically relevant, minimally invasive ultrasound guided therapeutic approach is investigated for targeted delivery of anticancer microRNA loaded PLGA-b-PEG nanoparticles to spontaneous hepatocellular neoplasia in a canine model. Quantitative assessment of the delivered microRNAs revealed prominent and consistent increase in miRNAs levels (1.5-to 2.3-fold increase (p<0.001)) in ultrasound treated tumor regions compared to untreated control regions. Immunohistology of ultrasound treated tumor tissue presented a clear evidence for higher amount of nanoparticles extravasation from the blood vessels. A distinct pattern of cytokine expression supporting CD8+ T cells mediated "cold-to-hot" tumor transition was evident in all patients. On the outset, proposed platform can enhance delivery of miRNA-loaded nanoparticles to deep seated tumors in large animals to enhance chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukumar Uday Kumar
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Stanford University, Stanford, California; Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Arsenii V Telichko
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Stanford University, Stanford, California; Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Huaijun Wang
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Stanford University, Stanford, California; Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Dongwoon Hyun
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Stanford University, Stanford, California; Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Eric G Johnson
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Michael S Kent
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Robert B Rebhun
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Jeremy J Dahl
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Stanford University, Stanford, California; Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - William T N Culp
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Ramasamy Paulmurugan
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Stanford University, Stanford, California; Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California
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18
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Onaciu A, Munteanu R, Munteanu VC, Gulei D, Raduly L, Feder RI, Pirlog R, Atanasov AG, Korban SS, Irimie A, Berindan-Neagoe I. Spontaneous and Induced Animal Models for Cancer Research. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:E660. [PMID: 32878340 PMCID: PMC7555044 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10090660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Considering the complexity of the current framework in oncology, the relevance of animal models in biomedical research is critical in light of the capacity to produce valuable data with clinical translation. The laboratory mouse is the most common animal model used in cancer research due to its high adaptation to different environments, genetic variability, and physiological similarities with humans. Beginning with spontaneous mutations arising in mice colonies that allow for pursuing studies of specific pathological conditions, this area of in vivo research has significantly evolved, now capable of generating humanized mice models encompassing the human immune system in biological correlation with human tumor xenografts. Moreover, the era of genetic engineering, especially of the hijacking CRISPR/Cas9 technique, offers powerful tools in designing and developing various mouse strains. Within this article, we will cover the principal mouse models used in oncology research, beginning with behavioral science of animals vs. humans, and continuing on with genetically engineered mice, microsurgical-induced cancer models, and avatar mouse models for personalized cancer therapy. Moreover, the area of spontaneous large animal models for cancer research will be briefly presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anca Onaciu
- Research Center for Advanced Medicine - Medfuture, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Marinescu Street, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.O.); (R.M.); (R.-I.F.)
| | - Raluca Munteanu
- Research Center for Advanced Medicine - Medfuture, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Marinescu Street, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.O.); (R.M.); (R.-I.F.)
| | - Vlad Cristian Munteanu
- Department of Urology, The Oncology Institute “Prof Dr. Ion Chiricuta”, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Diana Gulei
- Research Center for Advanced Medicine - Medfuture, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Marinescu Street, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.O.); (R.M.); (R.-I.F.)
| | - Lajos Raduly
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Marinescu Street, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (L.R.); (R.P.)
| | - Richard-Ionut Feder
- Research Center for Advanced Medicine - Medfuture, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Marinescu Street, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.O.); (R.M.); (R.-I.F.)
| | - Radu Pirlog
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Marinescu Street, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (L.R.); (R.P.)
- Department of Morphological Sciences, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Atanas G. Atanasov
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Digital Health and Patient Safety, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
- Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzebiec, 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland
- Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 23 Acad. G. Bonchev str., 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Schuyler S. Korban
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA;
| | - Alexandru Irimie
- 11th Department of Surgical Oncology and Gynaecological Oncology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
- Department of Surgery, The Oncology Institute Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta, 34–36 Republicii Street, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ioana Berindan-Neagoe
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Marinescu Street, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (L.R.); (R.P.)
- Department of Functional Genomics and Experimental Pathology, The Oncology Institute “Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta”, 34-36 Republicii Street, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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19
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Bilyi DD, Gerdeva AА, Samoiliuk VV, Suslova NI, Yevtushenko ID. A modern look at the molecular-biological mechanisms of breast tumours in dogs. REGULATORY MECHANISMS IN BIOSYSTEMS 2020. [DOI: 10.15421/022001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
High morbidity and increase in the number of registrations of breast tumours in dogs, their wide application as biological models, discussion of numerous questions of oncogenesis, and the lack of a uniform/unified methodological approach to the study of molecular and biological mechanisms of treatment of cancer determine the relevance of the problem of cancer both in humans and in our domestic companions. The analysis of publications allowed us to establish the following patterns of carcinogenesis. The peculiarities of the biological behaviour of breast tumours depend on their pathomorphological structure. Genetic predisposition to breast cancer is characteristic only in the single breed aspect. Environmental factors are of critical relevance to carcinogenesis : chemical pollutants initiate oncogenesis indirectly – by altering the expression of several receptors, impaired endocrine balance and direct mutagenic effects. Reproductive status plays a key role in the initiation and progression of breast tumours by reducing the expression of estrogen, progesterone and prolactin receptor genes. The inflammatory response that accompanies the neoplasia process is characterized by increased production of cytokines, cyclooxygenase-2, interleukins (IL-1, IL-6, IL-8), vascular endothelial growth receptors, and impaired hemostatic status (oxidative stress), which promotes progression of disease. In breast cancer in dogs, genomic instability leads to genomic aberrations, and subsequently, mutations that support the proliferation, survival and dissemination of neoplastic cells. The initiation and progression of mammary gland tumours is provided by cancer stem cells by disrupting the regulation of precursor cell self-renewal, which also predispose to resistance to chemotherapeutic agents, radiation, and hormonal cancer therapy. The analysis of the publications revealed the major markers of carcinogenesis that could potentially be used as biological targets for the design of modern diagnostic strategies and high-performance therapeutic protocols.
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20
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DNA methylation landscape of triple-negative ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) progressing to the invasive stage in canine breast cancer. Sci Rep 2020; 10:2415. [PMID: 32051475 PMCID: PMC7015930 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-59260-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a subtype of breast cancer unresponsive to traditional receptor-targeted treatments, leading to a disproportionate number of deaths. Invasive breast cancer is believed to evolve from non-invasive ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). Detection of triple-negative DCIS (TN-DCIS) is challenging, therefore strategies to study molecular events governing progression of pre-invasive TN-DCIS to invasive TNBC are needed. Here, we study a canine TN-DCIS progression and investigate the DNA methylation landscape of normal breast tissue, atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH), DCIS and invasive breast cancer. We report hypo- and hypermethylation of genes within functional categories related to cancer such as transcriptional regulation, apoptosis, signal transduction, and cell migration. DNA methylation changes associated with cancer-related genes become more pronounced at invasive breast cancer stage. Importantly, we identify invasive-only and DCIS-specific DNA methylation alterations that could potentially determine which lesions progress to invasive cancer and which could remain as pre-invasive DCIS. Changes in DNA methylation during TN-DCIS progression in this canine model correspond with gene expression patterns in human breast tissues. This study provides evidence for utilizing methylation status of gene candidates to define late-stage (DCIS and invasive), invasive stage only or DCIS stage only of TN-DCIS progression.
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21
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Alegre F, Ormonde AR, Snider KM, Woolard K, Yu AM, Wittenburg LA. A genetically engineered microRNA-34a prodrug demonstrates anti-tumor activity in a canine model of osteosarcoma. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0209941. [PMID: 30596759 PMCID: PMC6312226 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0209941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OSA) represents the most common primary bone tumor in humans and pet dogs. Little progress has been made with regard to viable treatment options in the past three decades and patients presenting with metastatic disease continue to have a poor prognosis. Recent mouse studies have suggested that microRNA-34a (miR-34a) may have anti-tumor activities in human OSA models. Due to the conservation of microRNA across species, we hypothesized that a bioengineered miR-34a prodrug (tRNA/miR-34a) would have similar effects in canine OSA, providing a valuable preclinical model for development of this therapeutic modality. Using a panel of canine OSA cell lines, we found that tRNA/miR-34a reduced viability, clonogenic growth, and migration and invasion while increasing tumor cell apoptosis. Furthermore, canine OSA cells successfully process the tRNA/miR-34a into mature miR-34a which reduces expression of target proteins such as platelet derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRα), Notch1 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Additionally, our subcutaneous OSA xenograft model demonstrated in vivo tumor growth delay, increased necrosis and apoptosis by tRNA/miR-34a, and decreased cellular proliferation ability. Taken together, these data support that this novel microRNA-based therapy may possess clinical utility in a spontaneously-occurring large animal model of OSA, which can then serve to inform the clinical development of this therapy for human OSA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Alegre
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Amanda R Ormonde
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Kellie M Snider
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Kevin Woolard
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Ai-Ming Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California, United States of America
| | - Luke A Wittenburg
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
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