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Harmantepe AT, Ozdemir K, Bayhan Z, Kocer B. The Underestimated Impact of Hashimoto Thyroiditis on Thyroid Papillary Carcinoma. Updates Surg 2024; 76:1085-1089. [PMID: 38687448 PMCID: PMC11130058 DOI: 10.1007/s13304-024-01854-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
It is stated that Hashimoto's Thyroiditis (HT) is a risk factor for the development of Papillary Thyroid Cancer (PTC). However, the effect of HT on the coexistence of HT and PTC is still controversial. In this study, our aim is to investigate the effect of the presence of HT on clinicopathological data in patients with PTC. All 356 patients whose pathology was reported as PTC who were operated between 2015 and 2023 were included in the study. PTC patients were divided into 2 groups as those with and without HT. The effect of HT association on clinicopathological features was investigated. In 356 PTC patients, the rate of HT was 31.2%. PTC patients with HT had less multifocality (p < 0.05), more lymph node metastases (LNM) (p < 0.01) compared to PTC patients without HT. The presence of HT did not affect the bilaterality of the tumor, tumor diameter, lymphovascular invasion, or capsule invasion. While multifocality was observed less frequently in PTC patients with HT, lymph node metastasis rates were higher.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Tarik Harmantepe
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Kayhan Ozdemir
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of General Surgery, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Zulfu Bayhan
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of General Surgery, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey.
| | - Belma Kocer
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of General Surgery, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey
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Hassanipour S, Zare R, Shahedi A, Delam H. Survival rate of thyroid cancer in the Asian countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis study. Endocrine 2023; 82:237-249. [PMID: 37269425 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-023-03408-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Overall, thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy. This cancer is fifth most common cancer among adult women and the second most common cancer in women over 50 years old and it occurs in women 3 times more than men. The present systematic review and meta-analysis were designed with the aim of determining the 5-year survival rate of thyroid cancer in Asian countries in 2022. METHODS The current study is a systematic review and meta-analysis of thyroid cancer survival rates in Asian countries. Researchers in the study searched for articles published in six international databases: PubMed/Medline, EMBASE, Scopus, Google Scholar, ISI (Web of Knowledge), and ProQuest until July 03, 2022. A checklist (The Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Form) has been prepared in previous studies to evaluate the quality of articles. RESULTS In general, 38 articles were entered for the meta-analysis. The 5-year survival rate was 95.3%, with a 95% confidence interval of 93.5% to 96.6%. The year of study is a cause of variability in results of 5-year (Reg Coef = 0.145, P < 0.001). According to the results, an increased survival rate across the study period was observed. Human Development Index was a cause of variability in results of 5-year survival rates (Reg Coef = 12.420, P < 0.001). The results of Table 2 showed that women have 4% more 5-year survival rate than men (Hazard ratio: 1.05 CI: 95% 1.04-1.06)). CONCLUSION In general, the 5-year survival of thyroid cancer in Asian countries was higher than in European countries, but it is at a lower level than in the United States.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soheil Hassanipour
- Ph.D, Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Reza Zare
- Student Research Committee, Larestan University of Medical Sciences, Larestan, Iran
| | - Alireza Shahedi
- Student Research Committee, Larestan University of Medical Sciences, Larestan, Iran
| | - Hamed Delam
- Student Research Committee, Larestan University of Medical Sciences, Larestan, Iran.
- Imam Reza Teaching Hospital, Larestan University of Medical Sciences, Larestan, Iran.
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Nasiri S, Yazd SMM, Gholami M, Shahriarirad S, Sharghi S, Shahriarirad R. The evaluation of locoregional tumoral involvement in the cooccurrence of hashimoto thyroiditis with papillary thyroid cancer: a case controlled study. BMC Endocr Disord 2023; 23:66. [PMID: 36964545 PMCID: PMC10037788 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-023-01322-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Papillary thyroid carcinoma PTC is the most prevalent of all thyroid carcinomas. On the other hand, Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT), as part of the spectrum of autoimmune thyroid diseases, is a major cause of thyroid hypofunction worldwide. Several studies have aimed to indicate a possible correlation between PTC and HT over the years. This study aims to investigate the correlation between HT disease and PTC tumor invasion rate. METHOD In the present cross-sectional study, PTC patients with HT were selected among patients referred to the surgical ward of Shariati hospital from 2016 to 2019 and compared in terms of tumor invasion and central LN dissection. Also, a similar group of PTC patients without HT undergoing total thyroidectomy was selected for comparison. The tumor invasion rate was assessed based on invasion indices obtained from postoperative permanent pathology specimens. These indices included tumor type and size, number of involved LNs, lymphovascular involvement, perineural involvement, thyroid capsule involvement, multifocal or unifocal tumor, extrathyroidal proliferation, marginal status, and necrosis. Data were obtained and compared in the two groups with SPSS version 22.0 software. RESULTS Based on the postoperative pathology reports, 50 (56.2%) PTC patients with Hashimoto thyroiditis were compared against 39 PTC patients without Hashimoto thyroiditis. No significant difference was found between the two groups regarding tumor invasion factors such as multifocality, lymphovascular invasion, marginal invasion, extrathyroidal invasion, capsular invasion, and necrosis. CONCLUSION HT could not be mentioned as an aggravating factor of PTC invasion based on the invasion factors evaluated in pathology specimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirzad Nasiri
- Department of Surgery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mahsa Gholami
- Student research committee, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sepehr Shahriarirad
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Sina Sharghi
- Department of General Surgery, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Alborz, Iran
| | - Reza Shahriarirad
- School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
- Thoracic and Vascular Surgery Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran.
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Moon S, Song YS, Jung KY, Lee EK, Park YJ. Lower Thyroid Cancer Mortality in Patients Detected by Screening: A Meta-Analysis. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2023; 38:93-103. [PMID: 36891656 PMCID: PMC10008652 DOI: 10.3803/enm.2023.1667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGRUOUND Thyroid cancer screening has contributed to the skyrocketing prevalence of thyroid cancer. However, the true benefit of thyroid cancer screening is not fully understood. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of screening on the clinical outcomes of thyroid cancer by comparing incidental thyroid cancer (ITC) with non-incidental thyroid cancer (NITC) through a meta-analysis. METHODS PubMed and Embase were searched from inception to September 2022. We estimated and compared the prevalence of high-risk features (aggressive histology of thyroid cancer, extrathyroidal extension, metastasis to regional lymph nodes or distant organs, and advanced tumor-node-metastasis [TNM] stage), thyroid cancer-specific death, and recurrence in the ITC and NITC groups. We also calculated pooled risks and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of the outcomes derived from these two groups. RESULTS From 1,078 studies screened, 14 were included. In comparison to NITC, the ITC group had a lower incidence of aggressive histology (odds ratio [OR], 0.46; 95% CI, 0.31 to 0.7), smaller tumors (mean difference, -7.9 mm; 95% CI, -10.2 to -5.6), lymph node metastasis (OR, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.48 to 0.86), and distant metastasis (OR, 0.42; 95% CI, 0.23 to 0.77). The risks of recurrence and thyroid cancer-specific mortality were also lower in the ITC group (OR, 0.42; 95% CI, 0.25 to 0.71 and OR, 0.46; 95% CI, 0.28 to 0.74) than in the NITC group. CONCLUSION Our findings provide important evidence of a survival benefit from the early detection of thyroid cancer compared to symptomatic thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinje Moon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Shin Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Kyong Yeun Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University, Seoul, Korea
- Kyong Yeun Jung Department of Internal Medicine, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University, 68 Hangeulbiseong-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01830, Korea Tel: +82-2-970-8816, Fax: +82-2-970-8865, E-mail:
| | - Eun Kyung Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Thyroid Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
- Corresponding authors: Eun Kyung Lee Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Thyroid Cancer, National Cancer Center, 323 Ilsan-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang 10408, Korea Tel: +82-31-920-1743, Fax: +82-31-920-2798, E-mail:
| | - Young Joo Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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Katuwal B, Morin D, Kolachalam R. Gastrointestinal tract metastasis with subsequent intussusception and obstruction from an invasive lobular breast cancer: a case report. J Surg Case Rep 2023; 2023:rjac623. [PMID: 36654721 PMCID: PMC9838596 DOI: 10.1093/jscr/rjac623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the commonest cancer in female population with lobular subtype comprising about 10% of all breast cancers. Breast cancer metastasis occurs in 0.3-18% of patients, with lobular cancer again being the most common subtype. We present an 85-year-old female with previous history of right breast lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS), who was diagnosed to have lobular carcinoma of breast metastasising to stomach after 10 years of initial diagnosis. After 2 years, the patient was found to have metastasis to the terminal ileum and caecum causing intussusception, which led to obstruction. The patient's primary LCIS was estrogen receptor (ER) positive, progesterone receptor (PR) negative and Her2neu negative, which correlated with both the gastric and ileocecal lesions. The gastric and ileocecal masses both were positive for CK7 and GATA 3 and negative for E-cadherin and CD20. Detailed morphological and immunohistochemical analysis can differentiate primary lobular cancer of the gastrointestinal tract from metastatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binit Katuwal
- Ascension Providence Hospital, Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Southfield, MI 49503, USA
| | - Donald Morin
- Ascension Providence Hospital, Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Southfield, MI 49503, USA
| | - Ramachandra Kolachalam
- Correspondence address. Ascension Providence Hospital, Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Southfield, MI 49503, USA. Tel: 248-662-4272; E-mail:
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Bang G, Park JH, Park C, Kim KJ, Kim JK, Lee SY, Kim JY, Park YH. High-resolution metabolomics-based biomarker discovery using exhaled breath condensate from patients with lung cancer. J Anal Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s40543-022-00347-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractEarly diagnosis and treatment are critical for improving the survival of patients with lung cancer, which is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. In this study, we investigated whether the metabolomics analysis of exhaled breath condensate (EBC) from patients with lung cancer can provide biomarkers that can be used for noninvasive screening for lung cancer diagnosis. EBC samples obtained from patients with lung cancer (n = 20) and healthy individuals (n = 5) were subjected to high-resolution metabolomics (HRM) using liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS). Univariate analysis, with a false discovery rate (FDR), q = 0.05, and hierarchical clustering analysis were performed to discover significantly different metabolites between the healthy controls and patients with lung cancer. This was followed by the identification of the metabolites using the METLIN database. Pathway analysis based on the identified metabolites revealed that arachidonic acid (AA) metabolism was the most significantly affected pathway. Finally, 5-hydroxyicosatetraenoic acid (HETE) (m/z 343.2233, [M + Na]+), a metabolite involved in AA metabolism, was found to be significantly higher in patients with lung cancer than in healthy counterparts. Our finding suggested that the HRM of EBC samples is a useful approach for identifying biomarkers for noninvasive screening for lung cancer diagnosis.
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Choi YM, Lee J, Kwak MK, Jeon MJ, Kim TY, Hong EG, Kim WB, Kim WG. Recent Changes in the Incidence of Thyroid Cancer in Korea between 2005 and 2018: Analysis of Korean National Data. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2022; 37:791-799. [PMID: 36220137 PMCID: PMC9633217 DOI: 10.3803/enm.2022.1533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGRUOUND In this study, we evaluated the recent changes in the standardized, age-specific, stage-specific incidence rates (IRs) of thyroid cancer in Korea and compared them with the incidence data reported by the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program. METHODS The analysis was conducted using the incidence data (2005 to 2018) from the Statistics Korea and Korea Central Cancer Registry. RESULTS The age-standardized IR (SIR) of thyroid cancer increased from 24.09 per 100,000 in 2005 to 74.83 in 2012 (annual percent change [APC], 14.5). From 2012 to 2015, the SIR decreased to 42.52 (APC, -17.9) and then remained stable until 2018 (APC, 2.1). This trend was similar in both men and women. Regarding age-specific IRs, the IRs for ages of 30 years and older showed a trend similar to that of the SIR; however, for ages below 30 years, no significant reduction was observed from the vertex of IR in 2015. Regarding stage-specific IRs, the increase was more prominent in those with regional disease (APC, 17.4) than in those with localized disease until 2012; then, the IR decreased until 2015 (APC, -16.1). The average APC from 2005 to 2018 increased in men, those under the age of 30 years, and those with regional disease. CONCLUSION The SIR in Korea peaked in 2012 and decreased until 2015 and then remained stable until 2018. However, in young individuals under the age of 30 years, the IR did not significantly decrease but tended to increase again. In terms of stage-specific IRs, the sharpest increase was seen among those with regional disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Mi Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Hwaseong, Korea
| | - Jiwoo Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Hwaseong, Korea
| | - Mi Kyung Kwak
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Hwaseong, Korea
| | - Min Ji Jeon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae Yong Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun-Gyoung Hong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Hwaseong, Korea
| | - Won Bae Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Won Gu Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Corresponding author: Won Gu Kim. Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 05505, Korea Tel: +82-2-3010-5883, Fax: +82-2-3010-6962 E-mail:
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Park J, Moon K, Kim DS. Health Care Utilization and Anti-Cancer Drug Expenditure for Six Solid Cancers in Korea From 2007 to 2019. Front Oncol 2022; 12:862173. [PMID: 35832556 PMCID: PMC9271972 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.862173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundThe burden of care continues to rise considerably worldwide and the challenge of diversity in cancer research has become important. We aimed to examine trends of cancer care utilization and anti-cancer medication among patients with six solid cancers (gastric, colorectal, liver, lung, breast, and prostate cancer) in South Korea.MethodsThis study analyzed patients diagnosed with six types of solid cancer from 2007 to 2019 using data from the National Health Insurance claims database. We analyzed the total number of cancer cases, each patient’s length of stay (LOS) in a hospital, the number of outpatient physician visits, total medical care costs, total out-of-pocket (OOP) costs, and expenditures on anti-cancer drugs.ResultsUtilization of healthcare services and spending on cancer care including anti-cancer drugs both increased in the 13-year study period. The average LOS was the highest for colorectal cancer patients at 43.5 days, and breast cancer patients had the highest average number of physician visits at 11.8. Breast cancer patients had the highest total medical costs (USD 923 million), anti-cancer drug spending (USD 156 million), and the largest increase (5 times) over the 13-year period. The anti-cancer drugs with the largest market shares were ramucirumab for gastric cancer; oxaliplatin for colorectal cancer; sorafenib for liver cancer; pembrolizumab, nivolumab, for lung cancer; trastuzumab for breast cancer; and bicalutamide for prostate cancer.ConclusionThis study was a large-scale analysis from a nationally representative database of the total population. The study also shows the pattern of cancer care in an Asian country and can provide implications for future cancer research.
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Is the pathologic tumor size associated with survival in early cervical cancer treated with radical hysterectomy and adjuvant radiotherapy? Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2022; 61:329-332. [PMID: 35361396 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjog.2022.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In 2018 International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) staging system of uterine cervix cancer, size criteria of primary tumor has been revised. This study aimed to evaluate the validity of this new size criteria (<2, 2-4, and ≧4 cm) in patients who underwent radical hysterectomy and adjuvant radiation therapy (RT) for early cervical cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively examined 312 patients who underwent radical hysterectomy and adjuvant RT for early cervical cancer (IB-IIA) from 2001 to 2014. The effects of clinical and pathological factors on disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were evaluated in univariate and multivariate analyses. RESULTS After a median follow-up of 71.5 months, the 5-year DFS and OS rates were 89.5% and 94.7%, respectively. The primary tumor size was not a significant factor for DFS (p = 0.382) or OS (p = 0.725) in all patients. CONCLUSION Primary tumor size was not a significant factor for survival in patients who received hysterectomy and adjuvant RT for early cervical cancer. Adequacy of new tumor size criteria (<2, 2-4, and ≧4 cm) in new 2018 FIGO stage needs to be validated in further studies.
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Kim M, Kim H, Park S, Joo J, Kim IJ, Kim BH. Risk factors for second primary malignancies following thyroid cancer: a nationwide cohort study. Eur J Endocrinol 2022; 186:561-571. [PMID: 35286279 DOI: 10.1530/eje-21-1208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Thyroid cancer survivors have a high risk of second primary malignancies (SPMs). We aimed to evaluate the site-specific incidence, prognosis, and risk factors for metachronous SPMs following thyroid cancer. DESIGN A nationwide cohort study. METHODS This study included data from the Korea National Health Insurance Service (between 2002 and 2018). Exposure to diagnostic radiation was defined by the number of computed tomography (CT) and positron emission tomography-CT scans after the index date. A cumulative radioactive iodine (RAI) dose >100 mCi was considered high-dose RAI. RESULTS During the median 6 years of follow-up, among 291 640 patients, 13 083 (4.5%) developed SPMs. Thyroid cancer survivors had a 26% increased risk of SPMs compared with the general population (standardized incidence ratio: 1.26; 95% CI: 1.22-1.29). Furthermore, those with SPMs had a significantly poorer survival rate than those without SPMs (hazard ratio: 11.85; 95% CI: 11.21-12.54; P < 0.001). Significantly elevated risks were observed in myeloid leukemia and 13 solid cancer sites: lip, salivary gland, small intestine, larynx, lung, mediastinum and pleura, mesothelium, breast, corpus uteri, ovary, prostate, kidney, and bladder. Frequent diagnostic medical radiation exposure and high-dose RAI therapy were independent risk factors for several SPMs, including the cancer of salivary gland, lung, mediastinum and pleura, breast, kidney, and bladder, as well as myeloid leukemia. CONCLUSIONS Frequent diagnostic radiation exposure and high-dose RAI therapy are independent risk factors for SPM following thyroid cancer. Clinicians need to consider minimizing unnecessary diagnostic radiation exposure and administering a high dose RAI only when justified in patients with thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mijin Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Hyereen Kim
- Hyereen Kim's Internal Medicine Clinic, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Sojeong Park
- Data Science Team, Hanmi Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea
| | - Jaeeun Joo
- Data Science Team, Hanmi Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea
| | - In Ju Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Bo Hyun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
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Das D, Banerjee A, Jena AB, Duttaroy AK, Pathak S. Essentiality, relevance, and efficacy of adjuvant/combinational therapy in the management of thyroid dysfunctions. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 146:112613. [PMID: 35062076 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyroid dysfunction is the most prevalent endocrine disorder worldwide having an epidemiology of 11% in Indians, 4.6% in the United Kingdom, and 2% in the United States of America among the overall population. The common thyroid disorders include hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, and thyroid cancer. This review briefly elaborates the molecular regulation and mechanism of thyroid hormone, and its associated thyroid disorders. The thyroid hormones regulate critical biochemical functions in brain development and function. Hypothyroidism is mainly associated with dysregulation of cytokines, increased ROS production, and altered signal transduction in major regions of the brain. In addition, it is associated with reduced antioxidant capacity and increased oxidative stress in humans. Though 70% of thyroid disorders are caused by heredity, environmental factors have a significant influence in developing autoimmune thyroid disorders in people who are predisposed to them. This drives us to understand the relationship between environmental factors and thyroid dysregulated disorders. The treatment option for the thyroid disorder includes antithyroid medications, receiving radioactive iodine therapy, or surgery at a critical stage. However, antithyroid drugs are not typically used long-term in thyroid disease due to the high recurrence rate. Adjuvant treatment of antioxidants can produce better outcomes with anti-thyroid drug treatment. Thus, Adjuvant therapy has been proven as an effective strategy for managing thyroid dysfunction, herbal remedies can be used to treat thyroid dysfunction in the future, which in turn can reduce the prevalence of thyroid disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diptimayee Das
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chennai 603103, India
| | - Antara Banerjee
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chennai, India
| | | | - Asim K Duttaroy
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway.
| | - Surajit Pathak
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chennai, India.
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Nguyen DN, Kim J, Kim MK. Association of Metabolic Health and Central Obesity With the Risk of Thyroid Cancer: Data from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2021; 31:543-553. [PMID: 34933959 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-21-0255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is unknown whether the risk of thyroid cancer differs among metabolically healthy/unhealthy, normal-weight, or obese women. We aimed to assess the association of metabolic health and obesity with thyroid cancer risk. METHODS The Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study is a population-based prospective cohort study. Data were obtained from 173,343 participants (age {greater than or equal to}40 years) enrolled from 2004 to 2013. Obese participants were those with body mass index (BMI) {greater than or equal to}25 kg/m2. Participants with abnormalities in three of these indices were considered metabolically unhealthy: triglycerides, blood pressure, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-cholesterol), waist circumference (WC), and fasting glucose levels. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for thyroid cancer risk associated with metabolic health and obesity. RESULTS Compared to non-obese women without metabolic abnormalities, metabolically unhealthy women, either normal-weight or obese, had an increased risk of thyroid cancer (HR [95% CI]=1.57[1.02-2.40] and 1.71[1.21-2.41], respectively). Significant association was not observed in men. Thyroid cancer risk was higher among non-obese women with high WC ({greater than or equal to}85 cm; HR [95% CI]=1.62[1.03-2.56]) than in non-obese women with low WC, and in obese women with low HDL-cholesterol (<50 mg/dL; HR[95% CI]=1.75[1.26-2.42]) compared to non-obese women with high HDL-cholesterol. CONCLUSIONS Metabolically unhealthy women or women with central adiposity may be at an increased thyroid cancer risk despite normal BMI. IMPACT This study suggests that women with central obesity and metabolically abnormality despite normal BMI may constitute a target group for thyroid cancer prevention and control programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dung Ngoc Nguyen
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, National Cancer Center
| | - Jinhee Kim
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, National Cancer Center
| | - Mi Kyung Kim
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, National Cancer Center
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Kim D, Kang GW, Jang H, Cho JY, Yang B, Yang HC, Hwang J. Trend of lung cancer surgery, hospital selection, and survival between 2005 and 2016 in South Korea. Thorac Cancer 2021; 13:210-218. [PMID: 34800078 PMCID: PMC8758424 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.14247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Studies on the clinical implication of hospital selection for patients with lung cancer are few. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze 2005–2016 data from the Korean national database to assess annual trends of lung cancer surgery and clinical outcomes according to hospital selection. Methods Data of 212 554 patients with lung cancer who underwent upfront surgery were screened. Trends according to sex, age, residence, and income were examined. Descriptive statistics were performed, and ptrend values were estimated. The association between survival and hospital selection was assessed using the log‐rank test. A multivariate Cox regression analysis was also performed. Results A total of 49 021 patients were included in this study. Surgery was prevalent among men, patients aged 61–75 years, capital area residents, and high‐income patients. However, with the increasing rate of surgery among women, patients aged ≥76 years, city residents, and middle‐income patients, the current distribution of lung cancer surgery could change. The rate of lobectomy among these groups increased. All patients, except those in capital areas, preferred a hospital outside their area of residence (HOR); the number of patients with this tendency also increased. However, this trend was not observed among low‐income patients and those aged ≥76 years. There were significant differences in survival according to hospital selection. Conclusions The trend of lung cancer surgery is changing. The current medical system is effective in providing lobectomy for patients including women, aged ≥76 years, city residents, and middle‐income. Increasing tendency to choose an HOR requires further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dohun Kim
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheong-ju, South Korea
| | - Gil-Won Kang
- Department of Health Informatics and Management, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Hoyeon Jang
- Department of Health Informatics and Management, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Jun Yeun Cho
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheong-ju, South Korea
| | - Bumhee Yang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheong-ju, South Korea
| | - Hee Chul Yang
- Center for lung cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, South Korea
| | - Jinwook Hwang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
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Seo SJ, Nho JH, Park Y. The development of a lifestyle modification mobile application, "Health for You" for overweight and obese breast cancer survivors in Korea. KOREAN JOURNAL OF WOMEN HEALTH NURSING 2021; 27:243-255. [PMID: 36311982 PMCID: PMC9328594 DOI: 10.4069/kjwhn.2021.09.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to develop a lifestyle modification (LSM) mobile application based on the Android operating system for overweight and obese breast cancer survivors (BCS) in Korea and evaluate its usability. Methods The content analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation of the LSM intervention mobile application for overweight and obese BCS was conducted by identifying survivors' needs, searching the literature, and reviewing existing mobile applications. The survey was conducted from June 1 to December 28, 2020 at Jeonju city, Korea. Results The mobile application for BCS included dietary and exercise information, weight logs, as well as distress and daily achievement check. It also included information and videos on the prevention of breast cancer recurrence and used a communication bulletin board. Expert and user usability evaluation of its content and functions confirmed that it was appropriate and satisfactory for overweight and obese BCS. Conclusion This LSM mobile application developed for overweight and obese BCS was found to be appropriate for use. It can be applied for further study of effectiveness on improving their health and maintaining a healthy lifestyle, to ultimately improve quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Jin Seo
- Department of Nursing, Kunjang University College, Gunsan, Korea
| | - Ju-Hee Nho
- College of Nursing, Jeonbuk Research Institute of Nursing Science, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Youngsam Park
- Department of General Surgery, Presbyterian Medical Center, Jeonju, Korea
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15
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Baek MH, Park JY, Kim DY, Suh DS, Kim JH, Kim YM, Kim YT. Feasibility and safety of fertility-sparing surgery in epithelial ovarian cancer with dense adhesion: a long-term result from a single institution. J Gynecol Oncol 2021; 31:e85. [PMID: 33078594 PMCID: PMC7593218 DOI: 10.3802/jgo.2020.31.e85] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We investigated the feasibility and safety of fertility-sparing surgery (FSS) in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) with dense adhesions. METHODS Patients were divided into cases with and without dense adhesions in this retrospective study. RESULTS Of the 95 eligible patients, 29 patients had dense adhesions. Mean age, proportion of staging procedure, distribution of histologic type, and co-presence of endometriosis were different (p=0.003, 0.033, 0.011, and 0.011, respectively). The median follow-up period was 57.8 (0.4-230.0) months. There were no differences in the rates of recurrence (21.2% vs. 20.7%, p=1.000) or death (16.7% vs. 6.9%, p=0.332) between the 2 groups. There was no difference in the pattern of recurrence or in disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) between the 2 groups. In multivariate analysis, pretreatment cancer antigen-125 >35 U/mL and International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage IC were significant factors of worse DFS and OS, while dense adhesion was not a prognostic factor for both DFS (hazard ratio [HR]=0.9; 95% confidence interval [CI]=0.3-2.7; p=0.792) and OS (HR=0.2; 95% CI=0.1-1.8; p=0.142), nor were age, proportion of staging procedure, histologic type, and co-presence of endometriosis. Moreover, the distribution of those 2 significant prognostic factors was not different between the 2 groups. Dense adhesions were subgrouped into non-tumor and tumor associated dense adhesions for further analysis and the results were same. CONCLUSION FSS is feasible and safe in EOC, regardless of the presence of dense adhesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Hyun Baek
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea
| | - Jeong Yeol Park
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Dae Yeon Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dae Shik Suh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Hyeok Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong Man Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Tak Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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16
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Nam SY, Jeon SW, Kwon YH, Kwon OK. Sex difference of mortality by age and body mass index in gastric cancer. Dig Liver Dis 2021; 53:1185-1191. [PMID: 34112614 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2021.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Mortality difference by age, sex, body mass index (BMI) in gastric cancer (GC) has been controversial. We evaluated sex-specific mortality by age and BMI. A total of 5961 patients diagnosed with GC from 2005 to 2013 in a single tertiary center were included and were followed until December 2017. The plot in goodness-of-fit-test by sex was crossed, so we performed sex-specific analysis. Overall mortality was lower in women than in men (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 0.72). Favor outcomes in women compared to men were observed among patients older than 60 yr (aHR, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.56-0.74), a BMI less than 25 kg/m2 (aHR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.61-0.79), and stage I (aHR, 0.46; 95% CI, 0.38-0.56). In sex-specific analysis, mortality increased in age older than 60 yr in men, whereas it increased in both extreme ages (<40 yr and ≥ 70 yr) in women. Mortality by BMI was lowest at BMI of 25-29.9 kg/m2 and gradually increased according to decrease of BMI in men; aHR, 1.24 (23-24.9 kg/m2), 1.44 (18.5-22.9 kg/m2), and 2.54 (BMI<18.5 kg/m2). However, mortality decreased in patients with BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 (aHR, 0.46) in women. The sex discrepancies in GC mortality by age and BMI suggest the need for sex-specific approaches to prognostic prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Youn Nam
- Gastroenterology, Kyungpook National University Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Seong Woo Jeon
- Gastroenterology, Kyungpook National University Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea.
| | - Yong Hwan Kwon
- Gastroenterology, Kyungpook National University Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Oh-Kyung Kwon
- Surgery, Kyungpook National University Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
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Lee SA, Choi JH, Cho SJ, Chang JW, Maeng YH. The clinical usefulness of chemokine C-X-C Motif Ligand 12 as a diagnostic marker for Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma. INDIAN J PATHOL MICR 2021; 63:544-550. [PMID: 33154303 DOI: 10.4103/ijpm.ijpm_722_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common type of thyroid cancer worldwide. It is essential to develop methods for the accurate diagnosis of PTC to avoid unnecessary surgery. The chemokine C-X-C motif ligand 12 (CXCL12) is associated with various cancers. We aimed to investigate the efficacy of CXCL12 in the diagnosis of PTC in fine-needle aspiration (FNA) specimens. Methods We prospectively collected samples from 58 patients who were scheduled for surgical treatment of PTC from 2013 to 2015. Tissue samples of 31 people with benign thyroid conditions were used as controls. Immunocytochemical and immunohistochemical staining for CXCL12 was performed on FNAs and corresponding tissue specimens. B-type Raf kinase (BRAF) V600E mutant protein expression and gene mutation were also analyzed to compare the clinical usefulness. Results : The mean age of the patients was 49.1 ± 1.4 years and 88.1% were women. Positive CXCL12 staining was observed in 6.5% of benign and in 98.3% of PTC samples; positive BRAF V600E mutant protein expression was found in 19.4% of benign and 93.1% of PTC samples. For the diagnosis of PTC for CXCL12 staining of FNA specimens, the calculated values were 93.1% sensitivity, 90.3% specificity, 94.7% positive predictive value, 87.5% negative predictive value, and 89.1% accuracy. CXCL12 had 100% sensitivity and specificity for the 12 cases of atypia of undetermined significance (AUS) diagnosed in FNA specimens. Conclusions CXCL12 may be a useful diagnostic tool for PTC, especially when the FNA specimen is classified as AUS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Ah Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju City, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hyuck Choi
- Department of Surgery, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju City, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk Ju Cho
- Department of Anethesiology, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju City, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee Won Chang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju City, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Hee Maeng
- Department of Pathology Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju City, Republic of Korea
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Baek SK, Lee JS, Hwang IG, Kim JG, Kim TW, Sohn SK, Kang MY, Lee SC. Clinical characteristics and survival of colorectal cancer patients in Korea stratified by age. Korean J Intern Med 2021; 36:985-991. [PMID: 33820397 PMCID: PMC8273826 DOI: 10.3904/kjim.2019.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS This nationwide study was undertaken to determine differences in clinicopathologic characteristics and survival of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) according to age using big data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service (NHIS). METHODS The NHIS data including quality assessment of CRC by the Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service in Korea between 2011 and 2014 were analyzed. Based on age, patients were divided into three groups: not-old patients (< 65), young-old patients (65 to 74 years old) and old-old patients (≥ 75 years old). RESULTS We included 71,513 CRC patients. The median follow-up duration was 3.2 years (range, 0.003 to 5.5). Male patients constituted 60%. The median age of patients was 65 years (range, 18 to 102). Colon was the cancer site in 59.8% of not-old patients, 62.9% of young-old patients, and 66.1% of old-old patients. Compared to not-old patients, young-old and old-old patients were more likely to be diagnosed with colon adenocarcinoma and well/moderate differentiation or adequate differentiation (all p < 0.001). Old patients underwent more emergency operation (p < 0.001) and received less adjuvant therapy in stage I-III (p < 0.001). The probability of 3-year survival of young-old or old-old patients was worse than that for not-old patients (hazard ratio [HR], 1.55; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.46 to 1.64) (HR, 3.19; 95% CI, 3.03 to 3.37). CONCLUSION Old patients with CRC show different histology from younger patients. They are more frequently to have colon as primary lesion. They undergo less adjuvant therapy. Further studies and evidence-based guidelines for older patients with CRC are warranted to improve their outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Kyung Baek
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Ji Sung Lee
- Clinical Research Center, Asan Medical Center, Seoul,
Korea
| | - In Gyu Hwang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Jong Gwang Kim
- Department of Oncology/Hematology, Kyungpook National University Medical Center, Daegu,
Korea
| | - Tae Won Kim
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Seung Kook Sohn
- Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service, Wonju,
Korea
| | - Mi Yeon Kang
- Quality Assessment Management Division, Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service, Wonju,
Korea
| | - Sang-Cheol Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan,
Korea
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19
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Kim M, Jeon K, Hutt K, Zlotnicki AM, Kim HJ, Lee J, Kim HS, Kang HJ, Lee YK. Immunoglobulin gene rearrangement in Koreans with multiple myeloma: Clonality assessment and repertoire analysis using next-generation sequencing. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0253541. [PMID: 34166440 PMCID: PMC8224885 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0253541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction We assessed the applicability of next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based IGH/IGK clonality testing and analyzed the repertoire of immunoglobulin heavy chain (IGH) or immunoglobulin kappa light chain (IGK) gene usage in Korean patients with multiple myeloma (MM) for the first time. Methods Fifty-nine bone marrow samples from 57 Korean patients with MM were analyzed, and NGS-based clonality testing that targeted the IGH and IGK genes was performed using IGH FR1 and IGK primer sets. Results Clonal IGH and IGK rearrangements were observed in 74.2% and 67.7% of samples from Korean patients with kappa-restricted MM, respectively (90.3% had one or both), and in 60.7% and 95.5% of samples from those with lambda-restricted MM, respectively (85.7% had one or both). In total, 88.1% of samples from Koreans with MM had clonal IGH and/or IGK rearrangement. Clonal rearrangement was not significantly associated with the bone marrow plasma cells as a proportion of all BM lymphoid cells. IGHV3-9 (11.63%) and IGHV4-31 (9.30%) were the most frequently reported IGHV genes and were more common in Koreans with MM than in Western counterparts. IGHD3-10 and IGHD3-3 (13.95% each) were the most frequent IGHD genes; IGHD3-3 was more common in Koreans with MM. No IGK rearrangement was particularly prevalent, but single IGKV-J rearrangements were less common in Koreans with kappa-restricted MM than in Western counterparts. IGKV4-1 was less frequent in Koreans regardless of light chain type. Otherwise, the usages of the IGH V, D, and J genes and of the IGK gene were like those observed in previous Western studies. Conclusion NGS-based IGH/IGK clonality testing ought to be applicable to most Koreans with MM. The overrepresentation of IGHV3-9, IGHV4-31, and IGHD3-3 along with the underrepresentation of IGKV4-1 and the differences in IGK gene rearrangement types suggest the existence of ethnicity-specific variations in this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miyoung Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kibum Jeon
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hangang Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kasey Hutt
- Invivoscribe, Inc., San Diego, California, United States of America
| | | | - Hyo Jung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, South Korea
| | - Jiwon Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Green Cross Laboratories, Yongin, South Korea
| | - Han-Sung Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, South Korea
| | - Hee Jung Kang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, South Korea
| | - Young Kyung Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, South Korea
- * E-mail:
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Accurate Prognosis Prediction of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Using Integrated Clinico-Genomic Data of Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fine Needle Biopsy. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13112791. [PMID: 34205170 PMCID: PMC8199936 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13112791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical utility of minimal specimens acquired from endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle biopsy (EUS-FNB) and perform targeted deep sequencing as a prognosis prediction tool for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). A total of 116 specimens with pathologically confirmed PDAC via EUS-FNB were tested using CancerSCAN® panel for a customized targeted deep sequencing. Clinical prognostic factors significantly associated with survival in PDACs were as follows: stage, tumor mass size, tumor location, metastasis, chemotherapy, and initial CA19-9 level. A total of 114 patients (98.3%) had at least a single genetic alteration, and no mutations were detected in two patients, although they were qualified for the targeted deep sequencing. The frequencies of major gene mutations responsible for PDACs were KRAS 90%, CDKN2A 31%, TP53 77%, and SMAD4 29%. A somatic point mutation of NF1, copy number alteration of SMAD4, and loss-of-function of CDKN2A were significantly associated genetic factors for overall survival. Moreover, BRCA2 point mutation was related to liver metastasis. Finally, a clinico-genomic model was developed to estimate the prognosis of patients with PDAC based on clinical parameters and genetic alterations affecting survival in patients; 20 single nucleotide variants and three copy number variations were selected. Targeted deep sequencing on minimal specimens of PDACs was performed, and it was applied to establish a clinico-genomic model for prognosis prediction.
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21
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Zhao F, Cho I, Cho GS, Chung JC. Effect of non-curative endoscopic submucosal dissection on short-term outcomes of subsequent surgery for early gastric cancer. Asian J Surg 2021; 45:232-238. [PMID: 34053828 DOI: 10.1016/j.asjsur.2021.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With growing incidence of early gastric cancer (EGC), endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is widely performed as a standard treatment for mucosal cancer. Due to the increasing application of ESD, the number of non-curative resection after ESD is also growing, leading to escalating number of patients who require additional gastrectomy with lymph node dissection after non-curative ESD. However, effects of ESD prior to surgery on technical difficulties during operation for EGC remain unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effect of non-curative ESD on short-term surgical outcomes in patients who underwent additional surgical treatment using propensity score matching method. METHODS To evaluate the effect of ESD on short-term surgical outcomes in patients who underwent additional surgical treatment after a non-curative ESD procedure, patients were divided into two groups: (1) those who underwent additional gastrectomy after non-curative resection of ESD [ESD + Surgery (ES) Group], and (2) those who underwent gastrectomy as the initial treatment [Surgery Only (SO) Group]. To minimize differences in baseline demographic features that could potentially be associated with short-term outcomes, propensity-scored matching analysis was performed. RESULTS After propensity-scored matching (1:1 matching), 140 patients altogether were selected and analyzed in this study. Complications were experienced by 18 (25.7%) patients in the ES group and 13 (18.6%) patients in the SO group, showing no significant (p < 0.416) difference between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS Additional surgery after non-curative ESD can be safely applied, even within one month after ESD in terms of short-term complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhao
- Department of Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
| | - In Cho
- Department of Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyu Seok Cho
- Department of Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Chul Chung
- Department of Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon, Republic of Korea.
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New polyp image classification technique using transfer learning of network-in-network structure in endoscopic images. Sci Rep 2021; 11:3605. [PMID: 33574394 PMCID: PMC7878472 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-83199-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
While colorectal cancer is known to occur in the gastrointestinal tract. It is the third most common form of cancer of 27 major types of cancer in South Korea and worldwide. Colorectal polyps are known to increase the potential of developing colorectal cancer. Detected polyps need to be resected to reduce the risk of developing cancer. This research improved the performance of polyp classification through the fine-tuning of Network-in-Network (NIN) after applying a pre-trained model of the ImageNet database. Random shuffling is performed 20 times on 1000 colonoscopy images. Each set of data are divided into 800 images of training data and 200 images of test data. An accuracy evaluation is performed on 200 images of test data in 20 experiments. Three compared methods were constructed from AlexNet by transferring the weights trained by three different state-of-the-art databases. A normal AlexNet based method without transfer learning was also compared. The accuracy of the proposed method was higher in statistical significance than the accuracy of four other state-of-the-art methods, and showed an 18.9% improvement over the normal AlexNet based method. The area under the curve was approximately 0.930 ± 0.020, and the recall rate was 0.929 ± 0.029. An automatic algorithm can assist endoscopists in identifying polyps that are adenomatous by considering a high recall rate and accuracy. This system can enable the timely resection of polyps at an early stage.
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Cho WK, Park W, Kim YS, Kang HC, Kim JH, Kim KS, Choi KH, Chang SK, Ahn KJ, Lee SH, Kim S, Kim J, Eom KY, Lee J, Lee JH, Choi JH. Optimal treatment strategies for small cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix: A retrospective multi-center study (KROG 19-03). Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2021; 258:396-400. [PMID: 33545454 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2021.01.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This multi-institutional study aimed to identify the optimal treatment strategy for small cell carcinoma of the cervix. STUDY DESIGN We retrospectively collected the medical records of 166 patients diagnosed with small cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix from January 2000 to December 2015 from 13 institutions of the Korean Radiation Oncology Group. After excluding 18 (10.8 %) patients who initially had distant metastasis, the treatment outcomes of 148 patients were analyzed. RESULTS After a median 46.4 (1.4-231.9) months of follow-up, the 5-year progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) rates of all patients were 45.9 % and 63.5 %, respectively. Distant metastasis was the dominant pattern of failure occurring in 67 patients (45.3 %). We stratified the patients according to the primary local treatment: primary surgery (n = 119), primary radiotherapy (RT) (n = 26), and no local treatment group (n = 3). Although the primary RT group had advanced disease (FIGO stage ≧ IIB) more frequently than the primary surgery group (80.8 % vs. 47.9 %), the PFS and OS did not differ between the groups in multivariate analysis. CONCLUSION Definitive RT is a reasonable local treatment option for small cell cervical cancer, particularly for advanced cases. Given the high rates of distant relapse, an effective systemic therapy protocol is warranted for small cell cervical cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won Kyung Cho
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Park
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young Seok Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Asan Medical Center, Ulsan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyun-Cheol Kang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hee Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dongsan Medical Center, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Su Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu Hye Choi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sei Kyung Chang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Jung Ahn
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Ho Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunghyun Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Wonju Severance Christian Hospital, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - Juree Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, CHA Medical Center, Cha University, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Keun-Yong Eom
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoungnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongshim Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Inha University Hospital, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Hoon Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hwa Choi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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CXCL10 is a potential biomarker and associated with immune infiltration in human papillary thyroid cancer. Biosci Rep 2021; 41:227395. [PMID: 33345267 PMCID: PMC7791606 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20203459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: In recent years, the annual incidence of thyroid cancer (TC) has increased, with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) identified as the most commonwinwordpathological type accounting for approximately 80% of all thyroid cancer cases. The tumor microenvironment is known to play a vital role in tumor information transmission and immune detection. Methods: In the present study, we examined gene expression data from 518 patients with PTC. The ESTIMATE algorithm was used to calculate immune and stromal scores of PTC patients. Based on a protein–protein interaction (PPI) network, functional enrichment and overall survival analyses, C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10) was identified as a core gene. We further investigated the roles of core genes of PTC in the tumor immune microenvironment using LinkedOmics, GSEA, and TIMER tools. Results: Immune, stromal and ESTIMATE scores were related to clinicopathological variables of patients with PTC, but not survival outcomes. Eight differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were associated with survival outcome. In addition, immunochemical staining experiments revealed lower expression of CXCL10 in PTC than paracancerous tissues. GSEA pathway enrichment analysis revealed downregulation of CXCL10 in multiple cancer pathways. CXCL10 and related genes were enriched in pathways related to adaptive immune response, cellular defense response and regulation of innate immune response. Conclusion: The tumor microenvironment plays a critical role in development of PTC and CXCL10 may serve as a novel target of precision therapy for this patient population.
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Hwang KE, Kim HJ, Song IS, Park C, Jung JW, Park DS, Oh SH, Kim YS, Kim HR. Salinomycin suppresses TGF-β1-induced EMT by down-regulating MMP-2 and MMP-9 via the AMPK/SIRT1 pathway in non-small cell lung cancer. Int J Med Sci 2021; 18:715-726. [PMID: 33437206 PMCID: PMC7797542 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.50080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Salinomycin (Sal) is a recently identified anti-tumor drug for treating several types of solid tumor; however, its effects on the migratory and invasive properties of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remain unclear. This study investigated the inhibitory effect underlying mechanisms of Salon transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cell migration. Sal solidly blocked cell migration and invasion enhancement by TGF-β1-induced EMT, through recovering E-cadherin loss and suppressing mesenchymal markers induction, as well as TGF-β1-mediated AMPK/SIRT signaling activity upregulation. The pharmacologic inhibition or knockdown of AMPK or SIRT1 can act synergistically with Sal to inhibit TGF-β1-induced MMP-2 and MMP-9. In contrast, AMPK or SIRT1 upregulation can protect against TGF-β1-induced MMP-2 and MMP-9 inhibition by Sal. Next we demonstrated that the MMP-2 and MMP-9 knockdown can act synergistically with Sal to inhibit TGF-β1-induced EMT. Moreover, treatment of PMA of MMP activator increased TGF-β1-induced MMP-2 and MMP-9, even with Sal. Our results demonstrate that Sal suppresses TGF-β1-induced EMT by downregulating MMP-2 and MMP-9 through the AMPK/SIRT pathway, thereby inhibiting lung cancer cell migration and invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki-Eun Hwang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wonkwang University, School of Medicine, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Jin Kim
- Medical Convergence Research Center, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Sol Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wonkwang University, School of Medicine, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wonkwang University, School of Medicine, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Wan Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wonkwang University, School of Medicine, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Do-Sim Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wonkwang University, School of Medicine, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon-Hee Oh
- Department of Premedicine, Chosun University, School of Medicine, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Suk Kim
- Medical Convergence Research Center, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Hak-Ryul Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wonkwang University, School of Medicine, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea
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Kim JH, Lim JS. Early menarche and its consequence in Korean female: reducing fructose intake could be one solution. Clin Exp Pediatr 2021; 64:12-20. [PMID: 32403898 PMCID: PMC7806406 DOI: 10.3345/cep.2019.00353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The mean age at menarche (AAM) of Korean females has been rapidly decreasing over the last 50 years; currently, the prevalence of early menarche (<12 years) is 22.3%. Female adolescents who experience early menarche are known to be at greater risk of psychosocial and behavioral problems along with several physical health problems such as menstrual problems. They also tend to achieve a shorter final height and develop obesity. Population-based Korean studies have shown a strong association between early menarche and the risk of obesity, insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, diabetes, breast cancer, and cardiovascular disease in adulthood. Although the exact mechanism of how early menarche causes cardiometabolic derangement in later adulthood is unknown, childhood obesity and insulin resistance might be major contributors. Recent studies demonstrated that an excessive consumption of fructose might underlie the development of obesity and insulin resistance along with an earlier AAM. A positive association was observed between sugar-sweetened beverages (a major source of fructose) intake and obesity, metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, and cardiometabolic risk in Korean females. In pediatrics, establishing risk factors is important in preventing disease in later life. In this regard, early menarche is a simple and good marker for the management of cardiometabolic diseases in adulthood. Decreasing one's fructose intake might prevent early menarche as well as the development of obesity, insulin resistance, and cardiometabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hyun Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| | - Jung Sub Lim
- Department of Pediatrics, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Moon YJ, Lee J, Choo IS, Kang SH, Kim CH, Song IG, Kim MS. Development and Application of Advance Care Planning Workbooks to Facilitate Communication with Children and Adolescent Patients: A Pilot Test. HAN'GUK HOSUP'ISU WANHWA UIRYO HAKHOE CHI = THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF HOSPICE AND PALLIATIVE CARE 2020; 23:212-227. [PMID: 37497472 PMCID: PMC10332726 DOI: 10.14475/kjhpc.2020.23.4.212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Purpose This study presents the process of designing workbooks for advance care planning appropriate for the Korean cultural setting and describes actual case studies. Methods This study focused on single inductive case studies of the utilization of an advance care planning workbook and recruited individual participants. Results The workbook for adolescents contained six sessions and the workbook for children contained seven sessions. The workbook sessions led to four major discoveries 1) considering the Korean cultural context, discussions on life and death must be held indirectly; 2) the role of the counselor as a supporter is crucial for the workbook to be effective; 3) the workbook must be accessible regardless of the seriousness of the illness; and 4) patients must be able to make their own choice between the workbook versions for children and adolescents. Six facilitating factors improved engagement 1) the role of the counselor as a supporter; 2) building trust with the patient; 3) affirming freedom of expression on topics the patient wished to avoid talking about; 4) having discussions on what private information to keep secret and to whom the information can be disclosed; 5) discovering and regularly discussing relevant topics; and 6) regular communication and information-sharing with the patient's medical service providers. Conclusion It is necessary to build on actual case studies regarding workbooks for children and adolescents in order to expand the usage of these workbooks to all relevant medical institutions in Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Ji Moon
- Department of Social Welfare, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
- Integrative Care Hub, Seoul National University Children’s Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Lee
- Integrative Care Hub, Seoul National University Children’s Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - In Sil Choo
- Integrative Care Hub, Seoul National University Children’s Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Han Kang
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center Children’s Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Cho Hee Kim
- College of Nursing, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - In Gyu Song
- Department of Pediatrics, Severance Children’s Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min Sun Kim
- Integrative Care Hub, Seoul National University Children’s Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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An SY, Kim SY, Oh DJ, Min C, Sim S, Choi HG. Obesity is positively related and tobacco smoking and alcohol consumption are negatively related to an increased risk of thyroid cancer. Sci Rep 2020; 10:19279. [PMID: 33159164 PMCID: PMC7648098 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-76357-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationships of smoking, alcohol consumption, and obesity with thyroid cancer in Korean residents. The Korean National Health Insurance Service-Health Screening Cohort includes individuals ≥ 40 years who were assessed from 2002 to 2013. In total, 4977 thyroid cancer participants were matched with respect to age, sex, income, and region of residence with 19,908 controls at a ratio of 1:4. Crude and adjusted (for the Charlson comorbidity index, smoking status, frequency of alcohol consumption, and obesity) odds ratios (ORs) were analyzed using conditional logistic regression analyses. Additionally, 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. The adjusted OR of smoking for thyroid cancer was 0.62 (95% CI 0.54–0.72, P < 0.001), and that of alcohol consumption was 0.83 (95% CI 0.75–0.92, P < 0.001). The adjusted ORs of the BMI categories were 1.13 (95% CI 1.05–1.22, P = 0.002) for obese I, and 1.24 (95% CI 1.04–1.47, P = 0.014) for obese II. The ORs of smoking and alcohol consumption were lower, and those of overweight and obesity were higher in thyroid cancer patients than in individuals in the control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo-Youn An
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Thyroid/Head & Neck Cancer Center of the Dongnam Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences (DIRAMS), Busan, Korea
| | - So Young Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Dong Jun Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chanyang Min
- Hallym Data Science Laboratory, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea.,Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Songyoung Sim
- Department of Statistics and Institute of Statistics, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Hyo Geun Choi
- Hallym Data Science Laboratory, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea. .,Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea.
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Assessment of oncogenic role of intestinal microbiota in colorectal cancer patients. J Gastrointest Cancer 2020; 52:1016-1021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12029-020-00531-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Colorectal Cancer Risks According to Sex Differences in Patients With Type II Diabetes Mellitus: A Korean Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study. Clin Transl Gastroenterol 2020; 10:e00090. [PMID: 31651449 PMCID: PMC6884353 DOI: 10.14309/ctg.0000000000000090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Developing colorectal cancer (CRC) poses challenges for patients with type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We investigated CRC risk factors in patients with T2DM. METHODS: We retrospectively collected data from the National Health Insurance Corporation database, comprising approximately 97% of the Korean population. T2DM and CRC were defined according to International Classification of Disease codes (10th Revision) and claims data. Obesity was defined using body mass index (BMI); abdominal obesity was defined according to waist circumference. Other variables were defined using demographic, anthropometric, and laboratory data. RESULTS: Overall, 2,591,149 patients with T2DM were analyzed. During the follow-up period (median, 5.4 years), 24,236 CRC cases were identified. Aging (≥70 years), male sex, smoking, alcohol consumption, hypertension, and insulin and/or sulfonylurea use were significant risk factors for CRC. In males, smoking and alcohol consumption were more likely to lead to CRC, whereas a BMI increase was a more significant risk factor in females. Females with a BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 and abdominal obesity were associated with an 18% increased risk of CRC compared with patients with normal weight and normal waist circumference (hazard ratio = 1.184, 95% confidence interval 1.123–1.25), whereas male patients with a BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 and abdominal obesity were associated with an 8% increased risk (hazard ratio = 1.087, 95% confidence interval 1.049–1.127). DISCUSSION: Patients had CRC risk factors that differed according to sex. Smoking and heavy alcohol consumption were risks of CRC in males. Female patients with a BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 and abdominal obesity were at a higher risk of developing CRC than males.
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Won SY, Park HS, Kim EK, Kim SI, Moon HJ, Yoon JH, Park VY, Park S, Kim MJ, Cho YU, Park BW. Survival Rates of Breast Cancer Patients Aged 40 to 49 Years according to Detection Modality in Korea: Screening Ultrasound versus Mammography. Korean J Radiol 2020; 22:159-167. [PMID: 32901456 PMCID: PMC7817635 DOI: 10.3348/kjr.2019.0588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to compare the survival rates of Korean females aged 40 to 49 years with breast cancer detected by supplemental screening ultrasound (US) or screening mammography alone. Materials and Methods This single-institution retrospective study included 240 patients with breast cancer (mean age, 45.1 ± 2.8 years) detected by US or mammography who had undergone breast surgery between 2003 and 2008. Medical records were reviewed for clinicopathologic characteristics and detection methods. Disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were compared between patients with breast cancer in the US and mammography groups using the log-rank test. Multivariable cox regression analysis was used to identify independent variables associated with DFS and OS. Results Among the 240 cases of breast cancer, 43 were detected by supplemental screening US and 197 by screening mammography (mean follow-up: 7.4 years, 93.3% with dense breasts). There were 19 recurrences and 16 deaths, all occurring in the mammography group. While the US group did not differ from the mammography group in tumor stage, the patients in this group were more likely to undergo breast-conserving surgery and radiation therapy than the mammography group. The US group also showed better DFS (p = 0.016); however, OS did not differ between the two groups (p = 0.058). In the multivariable analysis, the US group showed a lower risk of recurrence (hazard ratio, 0.097; 95% confidence interval, 0.001–0.705) compared to the mammography group. Conclusion Our study found that Korean females aged 40–49 years with US-detected breast cancer showed better DFS than those with mammography-detected breast cancer. However, there were no statistically significant differences in OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Yeon Won
- Department of Radiology, Severance Hospital, Research Institute of Radiological Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyung Seok Park
- Department of Surgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Kyung Kim
- Department of Radiology, Severance Hospital, Research Institute of Radiological Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Il Kim
- Department of Surgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee Jung Moon
- Department of Radiology, Severance Hospital, Research Institute of Radiological Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Hyun Yoon
- Department of Radiology, Severance Hospital, Research Institute of Radiological Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Vivian Youngjean Park
- Department of Radiology, Severance Hospital, Research Institute of Radiological Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seho Park
- Department of Surgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min Jung Kim
- Department of Radiology, Severance Hospital, Research Institute of Radiological Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Young Up Cho
- Department of Surgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byeong Woo Park
- Department of Surgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Kong M, Sung JY, Lee SH. Reactive Oxygen Species Modulator 1 is Associated with Poor Survival in Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer After Stereotactic Fractionated Radiosurgery: A Retrospective Pilot Study. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:8173-8180. [PMID: 32904444 PMCID: PMC7455601 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s266344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose It has been reported that the overexpression of reactive oxygen species modulator 1 (Romo1) is significantly associated with poor survival outcomes in patients with lung cancer who received surgical resection, conventional fractionated radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. In this study, we investigated whether Romo1 expression is associated with survival outcomes in patients with early-stage lung cancer who were treated with radiosurgery. Methods Romo1 protein expression was evaluated and scored in the tumor tissue specimens of 40 patients with non-small cell lung cancer by immunohistochemistry. An optimal cut-off for Romo1 expression was determined and used to allocate patients to low or high Romo1 expression groups. Survival outcomes were compared between the two groups. Results Romo1 expression was significantly associated with distant metastasis-free survival. The 1- and 2-year distant metastasis-free survival rates were 96.4% and 92.6% in the low Romo1 expression group and 87.5% and 46.7% in the high Romo1 expression group (P=0.041), respectively. The overall, local recurrence-free, regional recurrence-free, and disease progression-free survival rates were higher in the low Romo1 expression group than the high Romo1 expression group. However, the differences were not statistically significant. Conclusion Romo1 overexpression is associated with poor distant metastasis-free survival in patients with non-small cell lung cancer treated with radiosurgery. Further, large-scale prospective studies are required to identify the clinical efficacy of Romo1 as a potential adverse prognostic factor in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moonkyoo Kong
- Division of Lung & Head and Neck Oncology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Youn Sung
- Department of Pathology, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hyeun Lee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Lee YM, Jeon MJ, Kim WW, Chung KW, Baek JH, Shong YK, Sung TY, Hong SJ. Comparison Between Familial and Sporadic Non-medullary Thyroid Carcinoma: A Retrospective Individual Risk Factor-Matched Cohort Study. Ann Surg Oncol 2020; 28:1722-1730. [PMID: 32803550 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-020-09025-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to compare clinicopathologic features and outcomes between patients with familial non-medullary thyroid carcinoma (FNMTC) and patients with sporadic non-medullary thyroid carcinoma (SNMTC) after performing individual risk factor-matching. Additionally, the study evaluated a dynamic risk stratification (DRS) system to validate its usefulness for familial-type thyroid carcinoma. METHODS After individual risk factor-matching, 286 patients remained in the FNMTC group, and 858 patients were assigned to the SNMTC group consisting of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). The prognostic outcomes were compared between the two groups in a matched cohort. RESULTS During the mean follow-up period of 142 months, recurrences were experienced by 64 patients in the sporadic group (7.5%) and 29 patients in the familial group (10.1%). In the multivariate analysis, the independent risk factors for recurrence were primary tumor size (p = 0.033), gross extrathyroidal extension (p = 0.001), and lymph node metastasis (p < 0.001). The independent risk factors did not include family history alone (p = 1.101) or the number of affected family members (p = 0.122 for 2 members and p = 0.625 for ≥ 3 members). In this matched-cohort study, the DRS system was well adjusted in the FNMTC and SNMTC groups. Moreover, the proportion of DRS categories and the recurrence rate in each DRS category were similar between the familial and sporadic groups. CONCLUSIONS Family history did not present a statistically significant association with a poor prognosis for PTC patients. With a family history of PTC alone, less aggressive treatment could be considered. In this matched cohort, DRS was adjusted well and could be useful in predicting prognosis, even for PTC patients with a family history of PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Mi Lee
- Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min Ji Jeon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Won Woong Kim
- Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ki-Wook Chung
- Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Hwan Baek
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Kee Shong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae-Yon Sung
- Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Suck Joon Hong
- Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Jung DH, Park HJ, Jang HH, Kim SH, Jung Y, Lee WS. Clinical Impact of PD-L1 Expression for Survival in Curatively Resected Colon Cancer. Cancer Invest 2020; 38:406-414. [PMID: 32762373 DOI: 10.1080/07357907.2020.1793349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Programmed death 1 (PD-1) and its ligand PD-L1 play a key dysfunction of T lymphocytes. The purpose of this study was to assess and compare the prognostic role of tumor- TILs and its relationship with PD-L1 expression in stage II and III colon cancer. METHODS Immunohistochemisty was used to assess the densities of CD8+, CD4+, and FOXP3+ cells, and PD-L1 expression in intraepithelial tumor site from 58 stage II and III colon cancers. These were evaluated for association with histopathologic features and overall survival. RESULTS PD-L1-positive tumors contained a higher number of CD8+ TILs with statistical significance (p = 0.001). CD4+ TILs showed positive correlation with PD-L1 expression (p = 0.034). There were no associations between PD-L1 expression and FOXP3+ TILs. Microsatellite instability (MSI)-high status (p = 0.001; Odd ration 18.0; 95% CI = 4.3-74.8) was the strongest prognostic factor along with mucinous/poor cell differentiation, CD8 and right tumor location was associated with PD-L1 expression (p = 0.024, 0.035 and 0.033, respectively). CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that PD-L1 expression was associated with MSI-high, increased CD8+ TILs, mucinous and poor cell differentiation, and right-sided tumor location.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Hae Jung
- Department of Pathology, Gil Medical Center, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Hyun Jung Park
- Department of Surgery, Gil Medical Center, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Ho Hee Jang
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Se-Hee Kim
- Gachon Medical Research Institute, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea
| | - YunJae Jung
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Won-Suk Lee
- Department of Surgery, Gil Medical Center, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, Korea
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Choi HS, Kang KM, Jeong BK, Jeong H, Lee YH, Ha IB, Song JH. Effectiveness of stereotactic body radiotherapy for portal vein tumor thrombosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and underlying chronic liver disease. Asia Pac J Clin Oncol 2020; 17:209-215. [PMID: 32757461 DOI: 10.1111/ajco.13361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
AIM Stereotactic-body radiotherapy (SBRT) is a treatment option for portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Here, we report on our experience of treating PVTT using SBRT in patients with concomitant underlying chronic liver disease. METHODS This study included 24 patients. The initial prescription dose was 45 Gy in three fractions in 17 (70.8%) patients, but it was modified in the remaining seven (29.2%) patients, with the dose ranging from 39 to 42 Gy in 3-4 fractions. After SBRT, transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) was performed in 16 (66.7%) patients. RESULTS Of the 24 patients, 2 (8.3%) showed complete response, while 11 (45.8%) showed partial response. After a median follow-up of 8.4 months (range: 2.6-56.5 months), the 1-year overall survival (OS) and the median survival were 67.5% and 20.8 months, respectively. Both combined SBRT and TACE and grade ≥3 hepatic toxicity affected the 1-year OS (SBRT alone vs SBRT + TACE: 14.6% vs 71.4%, P < .001; presence of hepatic toxicity vs absence: 0% vs 81.1%, P = .002). CONCLUSIONS Overall, SBRT, especially in combination with TACE, is an effective treatment for patients with HCC and PVTT. An optimal dose schedule must be followed to reduce hepatic toxicity while maintaining tumor response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoon Sik Choi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Mun Kang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Bae Kwon Jeong
- Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hojin Jeong
- Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Hee Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
| | - In Bong Ha
- Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Ho Song
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Jung SH, Jo JC, Song GY, Ahn SY, Yang DH, Ahn JS, Kim HJ, Lee JJ. Frontline therapy for newly diagnosed patients with multiple myeloma. Blood Res 2020; 55:S37-S42. [PMID: 32719175 PMCID: PMC7386893 DOI: 10.5045/br.2020.s007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the introduction of an alkylator to the treatment of multiple myeloma (MM), new effective agents have been developed, such as immunomodulatory drugs including thalidomide, lenalidomide, and pomalidomide; proteasome inhibitors including bortezomib, carfilzomib, and ixazomib; monoclonal antibodies including daratumumab and elotuzumab; and deacetylase inhibitors including panobinostat. Numerous regimens with these new agents have been developed and they have contributed in improving survival outcomes in MM patients. In addition, the recommended therapies for newly diagnosed MM change every year based on the results of clinical trials. This review will discusses the appropriate induction therapies based on recent clinical trials for patients with newly diagnosed MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Hoon Jung
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Korea
| | - Jae-Cheol Jo
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Ga-Young Song
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Korea
| | - Seo-Yeon Ahn
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Korea
| | - Deok-Hwan Yang
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Korea
| | - Jae-Sook Ahn
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Korea
| | - Hyeoung-Joon Kim
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Korea
| | - Je-Jung Lee
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Korea
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Hong SW, Lee DW, Choi HJ, Park ES, Kim JH. Comparative study of the prevention of seroma formation in immediate breast reconstruction with latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flaps. ARCHIVES OF AESTHETIC PLASTIC SURGERY 2020. [DOI: 10.14730/aaps.2020.02096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Shin J, Lee KS, Kim JH. Predicting Old-age Mortality Using Principal Component Analysis: Results from a National Panel Survey in Korea. Medicina (B Aires) 2020; 56:medicina56070360. [PMID: 32708355 PMCID: PMC7404716 DOI: 10.3390/medicina56070360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives: This study aimed to group diseases classified by the International Classification of Diseases using principal component analysis, and discuss a systematic approach to reducing the preventable death rate from a perspective of public health. Materials and Methods: Using a 10-year follow-up analysis of the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging (KLoSA) data, this study obtained de-identified data including participants’ data of community-dwelling individuals aged ≥45 years from 2006 to 2016. Participants were randomly selected using a multistage, stratified probability sampling based on geographical area and housing type. We excluded 37 participants with missing information at baseline and included 10,217 study participants. This study used the principal component analysis to extract comorbidity patterns, and chi-square test and Cox proportional hazards models for analyzing the association between the factors of interest. Results: Principal component 1 (diabetes, heart disease, and hypertension) was associated with an increased hazard ratio (HR) of 1.079 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.031–1.129, p = 0.001). Principal component 3 (psychiatric and cerebrovascular diseases) was related to an increased HR of 1.134 (95% CI 1.094–1.175, p < 0.0001). Moreover, principal component 4 was associated with a high HR of 1.172 (95% CI 1.130–1.215, p < 0.0001). However, among participants aged between 45 and 64 years, principal component 4 showed a meaningfully increased HR of 1.262 (95% CI 1.184–1.346, p < 0.001). In this study, among the four principal components, three were statistically associated with increased mortality. Conclusions: The principal component analysis for predicting mortality may become a useful tool, and artificial intelligence (AI) will improve a value-based healthcare strategy, along with developing a clinical decision support model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaeyong Shin
- Department of Policy Analysis and Management, College of Human Ecology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA;
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Ajou University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16499, Korea
| | - Kwang-Soo Lee
- Department of Health Administration, College of Health Sciences, Yonsei University, Wonju, Gwangwondo 26493, Korea;
| | - Jae-Hyun Kim
- Department of Health Administration, College of Health Science, Dankook University, Cheonan-si, Chungcheongnam-do 31116, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-41-550-1472; Fax: +82-41-559-7934
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Tseng CM, Wang HH, Wang WL, Lee CT, Tai CM, Tseng CH, Chen CC, Tsai YN, Sun MS, Hsu YC. Prognostic Impact of Diabetes Mellitus on Overall Survival in a Nationwide Population-Based Cohort of Patients With Pancreatic Cancer. Endocr Pract 2020; 26:707-713. [PMID: 33471638 DOI: 10.4158/ep-2019-0565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a risk factor for pancreatic cancer but its prognostic impact remains controversial. We aimed to investigate the association between long-standing DM and the risk of mortality. METHODS This population-based cohort study analyzed data from the national healthcare database in Taiwan. We identified all patients diagnosed with pancreatic cancer and excluded those who were diagnosed with DM with-in 2 years of the cancer diagnosis. Eligible patients were grouped into long-standing DM (>2 years) and nondiabetic controls, and were compared for overall survival using a Cox proportional hazard model. Sensitivity tests stratified by cancer stages (as indicated by specific treatment) were performed. RESULTS Patients with long-standing DM were significantly older (mean age, 71.38 years versus 66.0 years; P<.0001) and had a higher Charlson comorbidity index (9.53 versus 6.78; P<.0001) and diabetes comorbidity severity index (2.38 versus 0.82; P<.0001) compared with the non-DM controls. Although the unadjusted analysis showed a higher risk of mortality in the patients with long-term DM (crude hazard ratio [HR], 1.26; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.20 to 1.33; P<.0001), the association became insignificant after adjustment for age, sex, and comorbidity index (adjusted HR, 1.01; 95% CI, 0.95 to 1.06, P = .84). Subgroup analyses also showed no association between long-term DM and mortality in various subgroups stratified by cancer treatment. CONCLUSION After adjusting for associated comorbidities and complications, long-standing DM per se was not an independent prognostic factor for overall survival in this nationwide population-based cohort with pancreatic cancer. ABBREVIATIONS CCI = Charlson Comorbidity Index; CI = confidence interval; DCSI = Diabetes Complication Severity Index; DM = diabetes mellitus; HR = hazard ratio; ICD = International Classification of Diseases; NHIRD = National Health Insurance Research Database; RCIPD = Registry for Catastrophic Illness Patient Database.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Ming Tseng
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, E-Da Hospital/I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Cancer Hospital/I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsi-Hao Wang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital/I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Lun Wang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, E-Da Hospital/I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Tai Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, E-Da Hospital/I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Ming Tai
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, E-Da Hospital/I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hao Tseng
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, E-Da Hospital/I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Cancer Hospital/I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Cheng Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, E-Da Hospital/I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Cancer Hospital/I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Nan Tsai
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, E-Da Hospital/I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Cancer Hospital/I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Shun Sun
- Division of Gastroenterology, Yuan's General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Chun Hsu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, E-Da Hospital/I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Center for Liver Diseases, E-Da Hospital/I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan..
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Hong Y, Kim J, Choi YJ, Kang JG. Clinical study of colorectal cancer operation: Survival analysis. KOREAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY 2020; 16:3-8. [PMID: 36945303 PMCID: PMC9942716 DOI: 10.14216/kjco.20002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Overall 5-year survival rates for colon and rectal cancer reported recently by the American Cancer Society were 89%, 90% for localized disease, 71%, 71% for regional disease, and 14%, 15% for distant disease. But the results of survival rate of colorectal cancer in a single institution were very rare. The aim of this study is to evaluate surgical results and survival rates of colorectal cancer. Methods We conducted a retrospective study with patients who underwent curative resection for a primary colorectal adenocarcinoma between 2009 and 2018. Results Five-year overall and disease-free survival were 79.5% and 69.9%, respectively. The overall 5-year survival by stages was 94.7% in stage I, 88.4% in stage II, 74.3% in stage III and 31.5% in stage IV. Five-year disease-free survival was 91% in stage I, 79.8% in stage II, 63.3% in stage III, and 18.9% in stage IV. The overall 5-year survival in rectal cancer was superior to colon cancer (P=0.014) while there was no difference in 5-year disease-free survival (P=0.338). Overall survival in female patients was better than male patient (P=0.029). Overall survival by age was worst in group of less than 40 years old (62.5%), and best in group between 41 and 65 years old (86.5%). Postoperative mortality within 30 days was 0.4%, and the recurrence rate was 19.2%. Conclusion With the development of surgical skills and various treatments, postoperative outcome of colorectal cancer is expected to improve. It may be helpful for surgeons to improve their surgical outcomes when they review their data and conduct active researches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngki Hong
- Department of Surgery, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| | - Jaelim Kim
- Department of Surgery, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| | - Yoon Jung Choi
- Department of Pathology, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| | - Jung Gu Kang
- Department of Surgery, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea
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Yang YJ, Cho BJ, Lee MJ, Kim JH, Lim H, Bang CS, Jeong HM, Hong JT, Baik GH. Automated Classification of Colorectal Neoplasms in White-Light Colonoscopy Images via Deep Learning. J Clin Med 2020; 9:E1593. [PMID: 32456309 PMCID: PMC7291169 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9051593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Classification of colorectal neoplasms during colonoscopic examination is important to avoid unnecessary endoscopic biopsy or resection. This study aimed to develop and validate deep learning models that automatically classify colorectal lesions histologically on white-light colonoscopy images. Methods: White-light colonoscopy images of colorectal lesions exhibiting pathological results were collected and classified into seven categories: stages T1-4 colorectal cancer (CRC), high-grade dysplasia (HGD), tubular adenoma (TA), and non-neoplasms. The images were then re-classified into four categories including advanced CRC, early CRC/HGD, TA, and non-neoplasms. Two convolutional neural network models were trained, and the performances were evaluated in an internal test dataset and an external validation dataset. Results: In total, 3828 images were collected from 1339 patients. The mean accuracies of ResNet-152 model for the seven-category and four-category classification were 60.2% and 67.3% in the internal test dataset, and 74.7% and 79.2% in the external validation dataset, respectively, including 240 images. In the external validation, ResNet-152 outperformed two endoscopists for four-category classification, and showed a higher mean area under the curve (AUC) for detecting TA+ lesions (0.818) compared to the worst-performing endoscopist. The mean AUC for detecting HGD+ lesions reached 0.876 by Inception-ResNet-v2. Conclusions: A deep learning model presented promising performance in classifying colorectal lesions on white-light colonoscopy images; this model could help endoscopists build optimal treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Joo Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24252, Korea; (Y.J.Y.); (H.L.); (C.S.B.); (H.M.J.); (J.T.H.); (G.H.B.)
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24253, Korea
| | - Bum-Joo Cho
- Medical Artificial Intelligence Center, Hallym University Medical Center, Anyang 14068, Korea;
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Seoul National University Biomedical Informatics (SNUBI), Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea;
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang 14068, Korea
| | - Myung-Je Lee
- Medical Artificial Intelligence Center, Hallym University Medical Center, Anyang 14068, Korea;
| | - Ju Han Kim
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Seoul National University Biomedical Informatics (SNUBI), Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea;
| | - Hyun Lim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24252, Korea; (Y.J.Y.); (H.L.); (C.S.B.); (H.M.J.); (J.T.H.); (G.H.B.)
| | - Chang Seok Bang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24252, Korea; (Y.J.Y.); (H.L.); (C.S.B.); (H.M.J.); (J.T.H.); (G.H.B.)
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24253, Korea
| | - Hae Min Jeong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24252, Korea; (Y.J.Y.); (H.L.); (C.S.B.); (H.M.J.); (J.T.H.); (G.H.B.)
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24253, Korea
| | - Ji Taek Hong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24252, Korea; (Y.J.Y.); (H.L.); (C.S.B.); (H.M.J.); (J.T.H.); (G.H.B.)
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24253, Korea
| | - Gwang Ho Baik
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24252, Korea; (Y.J.Y.); (H.L.); (C.S.B.); (H.M.J.); (J.T.H.); (G.H.B.)
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24253, Korea
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Hur JY, Lee HY, Chang HJ, Choi CW, Kim DH, Eo WK. Preoperative plateletcrit is a Prognostic Biomarker for Survival in Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. J Cancer 2020; 11:2800-2807. [PMID: 32226498 PMCID: PMC7086273 DOI: 10.7150/jca.41122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Several factors associated with the prognosis of patients with NSCLC have been reported in the literature; however, most of these factors cannot be examined preoperatively. In this study, the clinical utility of platelet parameters in patients with NSCLC who underwent curative resection was evaluated. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study on patients with NSCLC who underwent curative resection from July 2006 to September 2016 was conducted. The Cox proportional hazard regression model was applied to evaluate the variables that demonstrated effects on disease-free and overall survival (DFS and OS). Results: A total of 116 patients with NSCLC were analyzed. There were 15 patients with plateletcrit greater than 0.2755%, and 101 patients whose plateletcrit was 0.2755% or lower. Multivariate analysis identified plateletcrit higher than 0.2755% (hazard ratio [HR] = 4.18, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.54-11.34, P =0.004), patient age of 65 years or more (HR = 4.02, 95% CI = 1.67-9.66, P = 0.001), and stage II or IIIA disease (HR = 2.95, 95% CI = 1.26-6.87, P = 0.012) as independent factors for OS that predicted a poor prognosis. Multivariate analysis identified plateletcrit higher than 0.2755% (HR = 4.07, 95% CI = 1.52-10.94, P = 0.005), stage II or IIIA disease (HR = 5.38, 95% CI = 2.71-10.66, P < 0.001) and non-adenocarcinoma (HR = 1.92, 95% CI = 1.02-3.59, P = 0.040) as independent prognostic factors for DFS that predicted a poor prognosis. Conclusion: Our results suggest a potential role of preoperative plateletcrit as an independent prognostic marker for patients with resectable NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joon Young Hur
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ha Yeon Lee
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye Jung Chang
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Cheon Woong Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dae Hyun Kim
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Korea
| | - Wan Kyu Eo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Korea
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A Cohort Study of Korean Radiation Workers: Baseline Characteristics of Participants. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17072328. [PMID: 32235620 PMCID: PMC7177891 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17072328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The Korean Radiation Worker Study investigated the health effects of protracted low-dose radiation among nuclear-related occupations in the Nuclear Safety and Security Commission in Korea. From 2016–2017, 20,608 workers were enrolled (86.5% men and 30.7% nuclear power plant workers). The mean cumulative dose ± standard deviation between 1984 and 2017 (1st quarter) was 11.8 ± 28.8 (range 0–417) mSv. Doses below recording level (≤0.1 mSv) were reported in 7901 (38.3%) cases; 431 (2%) had cumulative doses ≥100 mSv. From 1999–2016, 212 cancers (189 men, 23 women) occurred; thyroid cancer predominated (39.2%, 72 men, 11 women). In men, the standardized incidence ratio (SIR) for all cancers was significantly decreased (SIR = 0.76, 95% CI 0.66–0.88); however, that for thyroid cancer was significantly increased (SIR = 1.94, 95% CI 1.54–2.44). Compared to the non-exposed group (≤0.1 mSv), the relative risk (RR) in the exposed group (>0.1 mSv) after adjusting for sex, attained age, smoking status, and duration of employment was 0.82 (95% CI 0.60–1.12) for all cancers and 0.83 (95% CI 0.49–1.83) for thyroid cancer. The preliminary findings from this baseline study with a shorter follow-up than the latency period for solid cancer cannot exclude possible associations between radiation doses and cancer risk.
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Kim WB, Jeon MJ, Kim WG, Kim TY, Shong YK. Unmet Clinical Needs in the Treatment of Patients with Thyroid Cancer. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2020; 35:14-25. [PMID: 32207260 PMCID: PMC7090306 DOI: 10.3803/enm.2020.35.1.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The increased incidence of thyroid cancer is a worldwide phenomenon; however, the issue of overdiagnosis has been most prominent in South Korea. The age-standardized mortality rate of thyroid cancer in Korea steeply increased from 1985 to 2004 (from 0.17 per 100,000 to 0.85 per 100,000), and then decreased until 2015 to 0.42 per 100,000, suggesting that early detection reduced mortality. However, early detection of thyroid cancer may be cost-ineffective, considering its very high prevalence and indolent course. Therefore, risk stratification and tailored management are vitally important, but many prognostic markers can only be evaluated postoperatively. Discovery of preoperative marker(s), especially for small cancers, is the most important unmet clinical need for thyroid cancer. Herein, we discuss some such factors that we recently discovered. Another unmet clinical need is better treatment of radioiodine-refractory (RAIR) differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) and undifferentiated cancers. Although sorafenib and lenvatinib are available, better drugs are needed. We found that phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase, a critical enzyme for serine biosynthesis, could be a novel therapeutic target, and that the lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio is a prognostic marker of survival in patients with anaplastic thyroid carcinoma or RAIR DTC. Deeper insights are needed into tumor-host interactions in thyroid cancer to improve treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won Bae Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Min Ji Jeon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Won Gu Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae Yong Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Kee Shong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Jeon HL, Oh IS, Baek YH, Yang H, Park J, Hong S, Shin JY. Zoledronic acid and skeletal-related events in patients with bone metastatic cancer or multiple myeloma. J Bone Miner Metab 2020; 38:254-263. [PMID: 31673791 DOI: 10.1007/s00774-019-01052-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Investigations of ZA effectiveness using large, real-world databases are rare. We examined whether zoledronic acid (ZA) decreased the risk of skeletal-related events (SREs) among patients with bone metastases (BMs) from breast cancer (BC) or prostate cancer (PC), or multiple myeloma (MM) in routine clinical practice. MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted a propensity score-matched cohort study using the Korean National Health Insurance database. Our cohort included patients diagnosed with BM after BC or PC, or MM between 2004 and 2015. SRE was defined as having a record of pathologic fracture, spinal cord compression, radiation, or surgery to bone. The incidence of multiple SREs was calculated according to SRE history. We calculated the incidence rate ratio (IRR) to examine the relative difference in the risk of SREs of ZA users compared to those of ZA non-user. RESULTS Among 111,679 patients, diagnosed with BM and one of the three cancer types, 5608 were included in the analysis after propensity score matching. A decreased risk of SREs was observed for the ZA use in patients with history of SRE in BC [IRR = 0.74, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.66-0.83], PC (IRR = 0.86, 95% CI = 0.73-1.02), and MM (IRR = 0.74, 95% CI = 0.59-0.93). For patients without SRE history, ZA use was not associated with decreased risks of SREs, but rather increased the risks (BC: IRR = 1.96, 95% CI 1.87-2.05; PC: IRR = 1.66, 95% CI 1.54-1.80; MM: IRR = 1.92, 95% CI 1.57-2.34). CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that the ZA use was associated with a decreased risk of SRE for patients with SRE history. However, no preventive effects of ZA were observed for patients without history.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha-Lim Jeon
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, South Korea
| | - In-Sun Oh
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Yeon-Hee Baek
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Hyowon Yang
- Amgen Korea Limited, 203, Teheran-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jeehye Park
- Amgen Korea Limited, 203, Teheran-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Soojung Hong
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, 100, Ilsan-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang, South Korea
| | - Ju-Young Shin
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, South Korea.
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Dasgupta P, Henshaw C, Youlden DR, Clark PJ, Aitken JF, Baade PD. Global Trends in Incidence Rates of Primary Adult Liver Cancers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Oncol 2020; 10:171. [PMID: 32185125 PMCID: PMC7058661 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Primary liver cancer is a leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Global burden varies, reflecting geographical distribution of viral hepatitis. Our objective was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of published current trends in incidence of adult liver cancers and histological types worldwide. Methods: This study used systematic searches of PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, and Web of Science databases for English-language peer-reviewed articles published from 1 January 2008 to 01 September 2019. Inclusion criteria were population-based studies of adult liver cancer patients with quantitative estimates of temporal trends in incidence for liver cancers and/or histological types. For multiple studies from the same geographical area, only the publication that reported the most recent trends for the same cancer type and population subgroup was included. Review was conducted per PRISMA guidelines. Two authors independently extracted data and critically assessed studies. Proposed contributors to observed trends were extracted from included articles. Study-specific estimates of the annual percentage change (APC) in incidence rates with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were pooled using random-effects meta-analysis models. Heterogeneity was measured using the I2 statistics and publication bias evaluated using funnel plots and Egger's tests. Results: Overall, 53 studies met the inclusion criteria, of which 31 were included in the meta-analysis. Overall, pooled APC estimates were +0.8 (95% CI −0.3, +2.0) for liver cancers combined, +2.6 (95% CI +1.2, +4.0) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and +4.3 (95% CI +2.5, +6.1) for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Subgroup analyses indicated increasing trends for liver cancers (APC +3.2, 95% CI +2.5, +3.9) and HCC (APC +3.6, 95% CI +2.9, +4.4) in the region of North America/Europe/Australia, whereas corresponding trends were decreasing (APC −1.7, 95% CI −2.2, −1.1) and stable (APC −0.7, 95% CI −1.9, +0.5) in Asia, respectively. Conclusions: Incidence is increasing for adult liver cancers and HCC in Western countries, whereas trends are decreasing in the Asian region, although still remaining high. Our findings highlight the importance of viral hepatitis control and lifestyle interventions to reduce global liver cancer burden. Ongoing surveillance is also vital to detect early shifts in incidence trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paramita Dasgupta
- Cancer Research Centre, Cancer Council Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Chloe Henshaw
- Cancer Research Centre, Cancer Council Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Danny R Youlden
- Cancer Research Centre, Cancer Council Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - Paul J Clark
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Mater Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Princess Alexandra Hospital & Mater Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Joanne F Aitken
- Cancer Research Centre, Cancer Council Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia.,Institute for Resilient Regions, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD, Australia.,School of Public Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Peter D Baade
- Cancer Research Centre, Cancer Council Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia.,School of Mathematical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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Kim H, Choi JY, Rah YC, Ahn JC, Kim H, Jeong WJ, Ahn SH. ErbB3, a possible prognostic factor of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2020; 129:377-387. [PMID: 32081558 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2019.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to identify the prognostic factors in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) by using gene expression analysis and candidate biomarkers for adjuvant therapy. STUDY DESIGN Complementary DNA (cDNA) microarray analysis was performed by using samples from 8 patients, who had died as a result of fulminant recurrence shortly after postoperative radiation therapy, and the results were compared with those from patients with HNSCC of similar stage, but without recurrence. Tissue microarray and immunohistochemistry of samples from 69 patients with oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma indicated ErbB3 to be a prognostic marker, and its expression was analyzed in the HNSCC cell lines. Sapitinib was tested as a concurrent inhibitor of EGFR, ErbB2, and ErbB3. In 15 mice, tumor xenograft was implanted at the lateral tongue, and tumor growth was evaluated. RESULTS ErbB3 overexpression in patients with treatment-resistant HNSCC was associated with relapse-free survival, disease-free survival, and overall survival (P = .018, P = .006, and P = .003, respectively). In the HNSCC cell line, ErbB2 and ErbB3 overexpression was inhibited by postoperative adjuvant therapy with sapitinib, which was also seen to improve survival in an animal model. CONCLUSIONS ErbB3 overexpression predicts a poor clinical outcome. Sapitinib was shown to be an effective inhibitor in the HNSCC cell line and animal models of cancer but with no statistical significance. Further studies with larger groups are needed to better support these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heejin Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Hwaseong, South Korea
| | - Joo Yeon Choi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Yoon Chan Rah
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, South Korea
| | - Jae-Cheul Ahn
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Bundang CHA Medical Center, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Hyunchul Kim
- Department of Pathology, Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Hwaseong, South Korea
| | - Woo-Jin Jeong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Soon-Hyun Ahn
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, South Korea; Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.
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Hassanipour S, Vali M, Gaffari-Fam S, Nikbakht HA, Abdzadeh E, Joukar F, Pourshams A, Shafaghi A, Malakoutikhah M, Arab-Zozani M, Salehiniya H, Mansour-Ghanaei F. The survival rate of hepatocellular carcinoma in Asian countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis. EXCLI JOURNAL 2020; 19:108-130. [PMID: 32038120 PMCID: PMC7003639 DOI: 10.17179/excli2019-1842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma or Liver cancer (LC) is the sixth most common cancer and the fourth cause of death worldwide in 2018. There has not been a comprehensive study on the survival rate of patients with LC in Asia yet. Therefore, the present study was conducted to evaluate the survival rate of patients with LC in Asian countries. The methodology of the present study is based on the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis) statement. The researchers searched five international databases including Medline/PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Knowledge and ProQuest until July 1, 2018. We also searched Google Scholar for detecting grey literature. The Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Form was used to evaluate the quality of selected papers. A total of 1425 titles were retrieved. 63 studies met the inclusion criteria. Based on the random-effect model one-year, three-year and five-year survival rate of LC were 34.8 % (95 % CI; 30.3-39.3), 19 % (95 % CI ; 18.2-21.8) and 18.1 % (95 % CI ;16.1-20.1) respectively. According to the results of our study, the LC survival rate in Asian countries is relatively lower than in Europe and North America.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soheil Hassanipour
- GI Cancer Screening and Prevention Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.,Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Mouhebat Vali
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Saber Gaffari-Fam
- Road Traffic Injury Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hossein-Ali Nikbakht
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Elham Abdzadeh
- GI Cancer Screening and Prevention Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Farahnaz Joukar
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.,Caspian Digestive Disease Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Akram Pourshams
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.,Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Afshin Shafaghi
- Caspian Digestive Disease Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Mahdi Malakoutikhah
- Department of Occupational Health, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Morteza Arab-Zozani
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.,Iranian Center of Excellence in Health Management, School of Management and Medical Informatics, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamid Salehiniya
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Fariborz Mansour-Ghanaei
- GI Cancer Screening and Prevention Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.,Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.,Caspian Digestive Disease Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
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Abstract
Background: Prostate cancer is one of the most common health issues among men, especially older men. In recent years, incidences of prostate cancer is increasing. Objective: The aim of this study was to provide a comprehensive estimate of the survival of prostate cancer in Asian countries. Methods: We searched five international databases including Medline/PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Knowledge and ProQuest until June 1, 2018. The Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment was used to evaluate the quality of selected papers. The review protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42019117044). Results: A total of 714 titles were retrieved. Thirty-seven studies met the inclusion criteria. Based on the random-effect model one-year, five-year and ten-year survival rate of prostate cancer were 81% (95% CI 77.8–84.2), 61.9% (95% CI 59.5–64.3) and 36.2% (95% CI 9.2–63.2) respectively. Survival rates based on HDI level for five-year were 30.07, 43.43 and 70.84 percent for medium, high and very high levels, respectively. Conclusion: According to the results of our study, the prostate cancer survival rate in Asian countries is relatively lower than in Europe and North America.
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50
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Lee KS, Nam GS, Baek J, Kim S, Nam KS. Inhibition of TPA‑induced metastatic potential by morin hydrate in MCF‑7 human breast cancer cells via the Akt/GSK‑3β/c‑Fos signaling pathway. Int J Oncol 2020; 56:630-640. [PMID: 31939617 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2020.4954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant flavonoid 2',3,4',5,7‑pentahydroxyflavone (morin hydrate), isolated from the family Moraceae (Morus alba L.), is known to have anti‑inflammatory and anticancer effects. However, its pharmaceutical effects on metastasis have not been fully elucidated to date. Therefore, the current study investigated the effects of morin hydrate on cancer metastasis in MCF‑7 human breast cancer cells. The results showed that morin hydrate suppressed 12‑O‑tetradecanoylphorbol‑13‑acetate (TPA)‑induced cell migration and invasion via the inhibition of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‑9 activity. Furthermore, gene expression level of MMP‑9, MMP‑7, urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA), uPA receptor (uPAR) and fibronectin were significantly decreased by morin hydrate treatment. Morin hydrate inhibited the phosphorylation of Akt and glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)‑3β, and downregulated the expression of an activator protein‑1 subunit c‑Fos. In addition, the GSK‑3β phosphorylation and c‑Fos expression were suppressed by PI3K/Akt pathway inhibitors, LY294002 and wortmannin. Taken together, these results demonstrated that morin hydrate reduced the metastatic potential in TPA‑treated MCF‑7 human breast cancer cells via the inhibition of MMPs, uPA and uPAR, and the underlying Akt/GSK‑3β/c‑Fos pathway. Therefore, the present investigation suggested that morin hydrate may be a natural substance with a preventive potential for metastasis in breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyu-Shik Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine and Intractable Disease Research Center, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, Gyeongsangbuk 38066, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi Suk Nam
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine and Intractable Disease Research Center, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, Gyeongsangbuk 38066, Republic of Korea
| | - Junyoung Baek
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine and Intractable Disease Research Center, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, Gyeongsangbuk 38066, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyoung Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine and Intractable Disease Research Center, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, Gyeongsangbuk 38066, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Soo Nam
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine and Intractable Disease Research Center, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, Gyeongsangbuk 38066, Republic of Korea
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