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Stoikov D, Ivanov A, Shafigullina I, Gavrikova M, Padnya P, Shiabiev I, Stoikov I, Evtugyn G. Flow-Through Amperometric Biosensor System Based on Functionalized Aryl Derivative of Phenothiazine and PAMAM-Calix-Dendrimers for the Determination of Uric Acid. BIOSENSORS 2024; 14:120. [PMID: 38534227 DOI: 10.3390/bios14030120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
A flow-through biosensor system for the determination of uric acid was developed on the platform of flow-through electrochemical cell manufactured by 3D printing from poly(lactic acid) and equipped with a modified screen-printed graphite electrode (SPE). Uricase was immobilized to the inner surface of a replaceable reactor chamber. Its working volume was reduced to 10 μL against a previously reported similar cell. SPE was modified independently of the enzyme reactor with carbon black, pillar[5]arene, poly(amidoamine) dendrimers based on the p-tert-butylthiacalix[4]arene (PAMAM-calix-dendrimers) platform and electropolymerized 3,7-bis(4-aminophenylamino) phenothiazin-5-ium chloride. Introduction of the PAMAM-calix-dendrimers into the electrode coating led to a fivefold increase in the redox currents of the electroactive polymer. It was found that higher generations of the PAMAM-calix-dendrimers led to a greater increase in the currents measured. Coatings consisted of products of the electropolymerization of the phenothiazine with implemented pillar[5]arene and PAMAM-calix-dendrimers showing high efficiency in the electrochemical reduction of hydrogen peroxide that was formed in the enzymatic oxidation of uric acid. The presence of PAMAM-calix-dendrimer G2 in the coating increased the redox signal related to the uric acid assay by more than 1.5 times. The biosensor system was successfully applied for the enzymatic determination of uric acid in chronoamperometric mode. The following optimal parameters for the chronoamperometric determination of uric acid in flow-through conditions were established: pH 8.0, flow rate 0.2 mL·min-1, 5 U of uricase per reactor. Under these conditions, the biosensor system made it possible to determine from 10 nM to 20 μM of uric acid with the limit of detection (LOD) of 4 nM. Glucose (up to 1 mM), dopamine (up to 0.5 mM), and ascorbic acid (up to 50 μM) did not affect the signal of the biosensor toward uric acid. The biosensor was tested on spiked artificial urine samples, and showed 101% recovery for tenfold diluted samples. The ease of assembly of the flow cell and the low cost of the replacement parts make for a promising future application of the biosensor system in routine clinical analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry Stoikov
- Alexander Butlerov Institute of Chemistry, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlevskaya Street, Kazan 420008, Russia
| | - Alexey Ivanov
- Alexander Butlerov Institute of Chemistry, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlevskaya Street, Kazan 420008, Russia
| | - Insiya Shafigullina
- Alexander Butlerov Institute of Chemistry, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlevskaya Street, Kazan 420008, Russia
| | - Milena Gavrikova
- Alexander Butlerov Institute of Chemistry, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlevskaya Street, Kazan 420008, Russia
| | - Pavel Padnya
- Alexander Butlerov Institute of Chemistry, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlevskaya Street, Kazan 420008, Russia
| | - Igor Shiabiev
- Alexander Butlerov Institute of Chemistry, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlevskaya Street, Kazan 420008, Russia
| | - Ivan Stoikov
- Alexander Butlerov Institute of Chemistry, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlevskaya Street, Kazan 420008, Russia
| | - Gennady Evtugyn
- Alexander Butlerov Institute of Chemistry, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlevskaya Street, Kazan 420008, Russia
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Chemical Technology Institute, Ural Federal University, 19 Mira Street, Ekaterinburg 620002, Russia
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Skurlova M, Holubova K, Kleteckova L, Kozak T, Kubova H, Horacek J, Vales K. Chemobrain in blood cancers: How chemotherapeutics interfere with the brain's structure and functionality, immune system, and metabolic functions. Med Res Rev 2024; 44:5-22. [PMID: 37265248 DOI: 10.1002/med.21977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Cancer treatment brings about a phenomenon not fully clarified yet, termed chemobrain. Its strong negative impact on patients' well-being makes it a trending topic in current research, interconnecting many disciplines from clinical oncology to neuroscience. Clinical and animal studies have often reported elevated concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines in various types of blood cancers. This inflammatory burst could be the background for chemotherapy-induced cognitive deficit in patients with blood cancers. Cancer environment is a dynamic interacting system. The review puts into close relationship the inflammatory dysbalance and oxidative/nitrosative stress with disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). The BBB breakdown leads to neuroinflammation, followed by neurotoxicity and neurodegeneration. High levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) induce the progression of cancer resulting in increased mutagenesis, conversion of protooncogenes to oncogenes, and inactivation of tumor suppression genes to trigger cancer cell growth. These cell alterations may change brain functionality, as well as morphology. Multidrug chemotherapy is not without consequences to healthy tissue and could even be toxic. Specific treatment impacts brain function and morphology, functions of the immune system, and metabolism in a unique mixture. In general, a chemo-drug's effects on cognition in cancer are not direct and/or in-direct, usually a combination of effects is more probable. Last but not least, chemotherapy strongly impacts the immune system and could contribute to BBB disruption. This review points out inflammation as a possible mechanism of brain damage during blood cancers and discusses chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Skurlova
- Department of Experimental Psychopharmacology, National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic
| | - K Holubova
- Department of Experimental Psychopharmacology, National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic
| | - L Kleteckova
- Department of Experimental Psychopharmacology, National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic
| | - T Kozak
- Department of Developmental Epileptology, Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - H Kubova
- Department of Internal Medicine and Hematology, Faculty Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady and Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - J Horacek
- Department of Experimental Psychopharmacology, National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic
| | - K Vales
- Department of Experimental Psychopharmacology, National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic
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Liao P, Chang N, Xu B, Qiu Y, Wang S, Zhou L, He Y, Xie X, Li Y. Amino acid metabolism: challenges and opportunities for the therapeutic treatment of leukemia and lymphoma. Immunol Cell Biol 2022; 100:507-528. [PMID: 35578380 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Leukemia and lymphoma-the most common hematological malignant diseases-are often accompanied by complications such as drug resistance, refractory diseases and relapse. Amino acids (AAs) are important energy sources for malignant cells. Tumor-mediated AA metabolism is associated with the immunosuppressive properties of the tumor microenvironment, thereby assisting malignant cells to evade immune surveillance. Targeting abnormal AA metabolism in the tumor microenvironment may be an effective therapeutic approach to address the therapeutic challenges of leukemia and lymphoma. Here, we review the effects of glutamine, arginine and tryptophan metabolism on tumorigenesis and immunomodulation, and define the differences between tumor cells and immune effector cells. We also comment on treatments targeting these AA metabolism pathways in lymphoma and leukemia and discuss how these treatments have profound adverse effects on tumor cells, but leave the immune cells unaffected or mildly affected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyun Liao
- Department of Hematology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ning Chang
- Department of Hematology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Binyan Xu
- Department of Hematology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yingqi Qiu
- Department of Hematology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Sheng Wang
- Department of Hematology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lijuan Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanjie He
- Department of Hematology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoling Xie
- Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde), Foshan, China
| | - Yuhua Li
- Department of Hematology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, China
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Zuo F, Yu J, He X. Single-Cell Metabolomics in Hematopoiesis and Hematological Malignancies. Front Oncol 2022; 12:931393. [PMID: 35912231 PMCID: PMC9326066 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.931393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant metabolism contributes to tumor initiation, progression, metastasis, and drug resistance. Metabolic dysregulation has emerged as a hallmark of several hematologic malignancies. Decoding the molecular mechanism underlying metabolic rewiring in hematological malignancies would provide promising avenues for novel therapeutic interventions. Single-cell metabolic analysis can directly offer a meaningful readout of the cellular phenotype, allowing us to comprehensively dissect cellular states and access biological information unobtainable from bulk analysis. In this review, we first highlight the unique metabolic properties of hematologic malignancies and underscore potential metabolic vulnerabilities. We then emphasize the emerging single-cell metabolomics techniques, aiming to provide a guide to interrogating metabolism at single-cell resolution. Furthermore, we summarize recent studies demonstrating the power of single-cell metabolomics to uncover the roles of metabolic rewiring in tumor biology, cellular heterogeneity, immunometabolism, and therapeutic resistance. Meanwhile, we describe a practical view of the potential applications of single-cell metabolomics in hematopoiesis and hematological malignancies. Finally, we present the challenges and perspectives of single-cell metabolomics development.
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Yang Q, Hao J, Chi M, Wang Y, Xin B, Huang J, Lu J, Li J, Sun X, Li C, Huo Y, Zhang J, Han Y, Guo C. Superior antitumor immunotherapy efficacy of kynureninase modified CAR-T cells through targeting kynurenine metabolism. Oncoimmunology 2022; 11:2055703. [PMID: 35355679 PMCID: PMC8959528 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2022.2055703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulated oncometabolites in the tumor microenvironment (TME) suppresses the metabolism, expansion, and function of T cells. Immunosuppressive TME also impeded Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR)-T cells mediated cytotoxicity since CAR-T cells had to adapt the in vivo metabolic characteristics with high levels of oncometabolites. We screened oncometabolites for the inhibition of glucose uptake in CD8 + T cells and found Kynurenine (Kyn) showed the strongest inhibiting effect on glucose uptake. In vitro experiments showed that 120 μM Kyn treatment in CD8 + T cells resulted in inhibiting the expansion of CD8 + T cells, decreasing the production of granzyme B and interferon-γ. CAR-T cells mediated cytotoxicity was also impaired by the high Kyn treatment from killing assay. We then explored the anti-tumor effect of Kynureninase (KYNU) modified CAR-T cells through catabolism o oncometabolites Kyn. KYNU over-expression (OE) CAR-T cells showed a superior killing effect against cancer cells even in the immunosuppressive TME with high Kyn levels. In vivo experiments confirmed KYNU-OE CAR-T cells showed an excellent anti-tumor effect in a TME with high Kyn levels since it improved the survival of mice bearing NALM6 cancer cells and NALM6-IDO1 cancer cells. The KYNU-modified CAR-T cells displayed distinct phenotypes related to the expansion, function, and memory differentiation status of CAR-T cells. This study explores an immunotherapy strategy for patients with alterations in Kyn metabolism. KYNU-OE CAR-T cells take advantage of Kyn catabolism to improve anti-tumor activity in the metabolic immunosuppressive TME with high Kyn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quanjun Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Juan Hao
- Hospital, Shanghai University of Chinese MedicineDepartment of Endocrinology, Shanghai TCM-Integrated, Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengyi Chi
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaxian Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Xin
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinglu Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Lu
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Xipeng Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunyan Li
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Huo
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianping Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Yonglong Han
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, Shanghai, China
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Liquid chromatography method with tandem mass spectrometry and fluorescence detection for determination of inflammatory biomarkers in gingival crevicular fluid as a tool for diagnosis of periodontal disease. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2022; 212:114644. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2022.114644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Vernerová A, Krčmová LK, Heneberk O, Radochová V, Strouhal O, Kašparovský A, Melichar B, Švec F. Chromatographic method for the determination of inflammatory biomarkers and uric acid in human saliva. Talanta 2021; 233:122598. [PMID: 34215086 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Determination of concentration of biomarkers of the activation of immune system, uric acid, and creatinine in the saliva can be useful tool for the diagnosis and monitoring of early manifestations of diseases such as malignant, inflammatory, and periodontal disorders. We have developed and validated a high-performance liquid chromatographic method coupled with fluorescence and diode array detection for the separation and quantification of neopterin, tryptophan, creatinine, uric acid, and kynurenine in the human saliva. A separation of these analytes was achieved within 9 min by using second-generation monolithic stationary phase and elution with phosphate buffer. The present method involves very simple sample preparation requiring small amount of sample matrix. The internal standard 3-nitro-l-tyrosine was used for a more precise quantification. The sensitivity of the present method was demonstrated with lower limits of quantification of 0.6 × 10-3 μmol/L for neopterin, 0.725 μmol/L for tryptophan, 0.12 μmol/L for creatinine, 0.18 μmol/L for uric acid, and 0.135 μmol/L for kynurenine. The method was validated with 67 real-life saliva samples collected from patients suffering from breast, ovarian, colorectal, and renal cancer, and 19 saliva samples from patients with periodontal diseases and allowed monitoring of inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Vernerová
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203/8, 500 05, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic; Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Diagnostics, University Hospital, Sokolská 581, Hradec Králové, 500 05, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Kujovská Krčmová
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203/8, 500 05, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic; Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Diagnostics, University Hospital, Sokolská 581, Hradec Králové, 500 05, Czech Republic.
| | - Ondřej Heneberk
- Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, Charles University, University Hospital, Sokolská 581, Hradec Králové, 500 05, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimíra Radochová
- Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, Charles University, University Hospital, Sokolská 581, Hradec Králové, 500 05, Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Strouhal
- Department of Oncology, Palacký University, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Olomouc, I.P. Pavlova 6, 779 00, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Adam Kašparovský
- Department of Oncology, Palacký University, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Olomouc, I.P. Pavlova 6, 779 00, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Bohuslav Melichar
- Department of Oncology, Palacký University, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Olomouc, I.P. Pavlova 6, 779 00, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - František Švec
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203/8, 500 05, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
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Swatler J, Turos-Korgul L, Kozlowska E, Piwocka K. Immunosuppressive Cell Subsets and Factors in Myeloid Leukemias. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13061203. [PMID: 33801964 PMCID: PMC7998753 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13061203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Effector immune system cells have the ability to kill tumor cells. However, as a cancer (such as leukemia) develops, it inhibits and evades the effector immune response. Such a state of immunosuppression can be driven by several factors – receptors, soluble cytokines, as well as by suppressive immune cells. In this review, we describe factors and cells that constitute immunosuppressive microenvironment of myeloid leukemias. We characterize factors of direct leukemic origin, such as inhibitory receptors, enzymes and extracellular vesicles. Furthermore, we describe suppressive immune cells, such as myeloid derived suppressor cells and regulatory T cells. Finally, we sum up changes in these drivers of immune evasion in myeloid leukemias during therapy. Abstract Both chronic myeloid leukemia and acute myeloid leukemia evade the immune response during their development and disease progression. As myeloid leukemia cells modify their bone marrow microenvironment, they lead to dysfunction of cytotoxic cells, such as CD8+ T cells or NK cells, simultaneously promoting development of immunosuppressive regulatory T cells and suppressive myeloid cells. This facilitates disease progression, spreading of leukemic blasts outside the bone marrow niche and therapy resistance. The following review focuses on main immunosuppressive features of myeloid leukemias. Firstly, factors derived directly from leukemic cells – inhibitory receptors, soluble factors and extracellular vesicles, are described. Further, we outline function, properties and origin of main immunosuppressive cells - regulatory T cells, myeloid derived suppressor cells and macrophages. Finally, we analyze interplay between recovery of effector immunity and therapeutic modalities, such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors and chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Swatler
- Laboratory of Cytometry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland; (J.S.); (L.T.-K.)
| | - Laura Turos-Korgul
- Laboratory of Cytometry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland; (J.S.); (L.T.-K.)
| | - Ewa Kozlowska
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Functional Biology and Ecology, University of Warsaw, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Katarzyna Piwocka
- Laboratory of Cytometry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland; (J.S.); (L.T.-K.)
- Correspondence:
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Badawy AAB. Liver tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase in the mouse hepatitis virus (MHV-A59) model. Immunol Lett 2020; 225:23-24. [PMID: 32540487 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2020.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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10
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Li A, Barsoumian HB, Schoenhals JE, Cushman TR, Caetano MS, Wang X, Valdecanas DR, Niknam S, Younes AI, Li G, Woodward WA, Cortez MA, Welsh JW. Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 inhibition targets anti-PD1-resistant lung tumors by blocking myeloid-derived suppressor cells. Cancer Lett 2018; 431:54-63. [PMID: 29746927 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2018.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1), involved in the catabolism of tryptophan (Trp) to kynurenine (Kyn) is an important regulator of tumor-mediated immunosuppression implicated in resistance to anti-PD1 immunotherapy. We investigated the role of IDO1 in an anti-PD1-resistant lung cancer model (344SQ_R) compared to the parental 344SQ tumors (344SQ_P). IDO1 was overexpressed in tumor-infiltrating leukocytes, and plasma Kyn levels were increased, in 344SQ_R vs. 344SQ_P. The IDO1 inhibitor INCB023843 retarded tumor growth and reduced lung metastases in 344SQ_R. IDO1 was expressed at higher levels in F4/80+Gr1intCD11b+ myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) that were prominent in 344SQ_R. The INCB023843 reduced IDO1 expression and percentages of these MDSCs while increasing CD8+ T cells infiltration, hence reactivating antitumor T-cell responses in 344SQ_R. Therefore, IDO1 inhibition holds promise for treating lung cancer that does not respond to anti-PD1 therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ailin Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, China
| | | | - Jonathan E Schoenhals
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, USA
| | - Taylor R Cushman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, USA
| | - Mauricio S Caetano
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, USA
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, USA
| | - David R Valdecanas
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, USA
| | - Sharareh Niknam
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, USA
| | - Ahmed I Younes
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, USA
| | - Guang Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, China
| | - Wendy A Woodward
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, USA
| | - Maria Angelica Cortez
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, USA
| | - James W Welsh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, USA.
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Tasian SK, Bornhäuser M, Rutella S. Targeting Leukemia Stem Cells in the Bone Marrow Niche. Biomedicines 2018; 6:biomedicines6010022. [PMID: 29466292 PMCID: PMC5874679 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines6010022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Revised: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract: The bone marrow (BM) niche encompasses multiple cells of mesenchymal and hematopoietic origin and represents a unique microenvironment that is poised to maintain hematopoietic stem cells. In addition to its role as a primary lymphoid organ through the support of lymphoid development, the BM hosts various mature lymphoid cell types, including naïve T cells, memory T cells and plasma cells, as well as mature myeloid elements such as monocyte/macrophages and neutrophils, all of which are crucially important to control leukemia initiation and progression. The BM niche provides an attractive milieu for tumor cell colonization given its ability to provide signals which accelerate tumor cell proliferation and facilitate tumor cell survival. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) share phenotypic and functional features with normal counterparts from the tissue of origin of the tumor and can self-renew, differentiate and initiate tumor formation. CSCs possess a distinct immunological profile compared with the bulk population of tumor cells and have evolved complex strategies to suppress immune responses through multiple mechanisms, including the release of soluble factors and the over-expression of molecules implicated in cancer immune evasion. This chapter discusses the latest advancements in understanding of the immunological BM niche and highlights current and future immunotherapeutic strategies to target leukemia CSCs and overcome therapeutic resistance in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah K Tasian
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Martin Bornhäuser
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden 01069, Germany.
| | - Sergio Rutella
- John van Geest Cancer Research Centre, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK.
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12
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Pichler R, Fritz J, Heidegger I, Steiner E, Culig Z, Klocker H, Fuchs D. Predictive and prognostic role of serum neopterin and tryptophan breakdown in prostate cancer. Cancer Sci 2017; 108:663-670. [PMID: 28107600 PMCID: PMC5406598 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Revised: 12/10/2016] [Accepted: 01/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The γ‐interferon‐induced enzymes indoleamine 2,3‐dioxygenase and GTP‐cyclohydrolase are key players in tumor immune escape mechanisms. We quantified serum levels of neopterin and tryptophan breakdown (tryptophan, kynurenine, and kynurenine‐to‐tryptophan ratio) in addition to prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) in newly diagnosed prostate cancer (PCa) patients (n = 100) before radical prostatectomy (RP) as well as at time of biochemical recurrence (BCR) after RP (n = 50) in comparison to healthy men (n = 49). Effects of biomarkers on the risk of PCa diagnosis on transrectal biopsy, worse histopathological characteristics of the RP specimens, and cancer‐specific survival (CSS) after BCR were investigated. Neopterin (hazard ratio [HR], 2.46; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.08–5.61; P = 0.032) and kynurenine (HR, 2.93; 95% CI, 1.26–6.79; P = 0.012) levels were univariately associated with CSS. When adjusted for other biomarkers, only neopterin remained an independent predictor of CSS (HR, 2.56; 95% CI, 1.07–6.12; P = 0.035). Only PSA was associated with an increased risk of PCa diagnosis on biopsy, univariately (odds ratio, 3.14; 95% CI, 1.68–5.88; P < 0.001) as well when adjusted for other biomarkers (odds ratio, 3.29; 95% CI, 1.70–6.35; P < 0.001). Moreover, only preoperative PSA was able to predict positive surgical margin (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUC] = 0.71; 95% CI, 0.59–0.82; P = 0.001), higher Gleason score (AUC = 0.75; 95% CI, 0.66–0.85; P < 0.001) and extraprostatic involvement (AUC = 0.79; 95% CI, 0.69–0.88; P < 0.001) at RP specimens, respectively. Although serum neopterin and tryptophan breakdown cannot be considered as biomarkers in detecting PCa or in predicting worse final pathological findings, neopterin levels are useful for stratifying patients into different prognostic groups after BCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renate Pichler
- Urological Laboratory and Division of Experimental Urology, Department of Urology, Biocenter, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Josef Fritz
- Department of Medical Statistics, Informatics and Health Economics, Biocenter, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Isabel Heidegger
- Urological Laboratory and Division of Experimental Urology, Department of Urology, Biocenter, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Eberhard Steiner
- Urological Laboratory and Division of Experimental Urology, Department of Urology, Biocenter, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Zoran Culig
- Urological Laboratory and Division of Experimental Urology, Department of Urology, Biocenter, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Helmut Klocker
- Urological Laboratory and Division of Experimental Urology, Department of Urology, Biocenter, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Dietmar Fuchs
- Division of Biological Chemistry, Biocenter, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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Buqué A, Bloy N, Aranda F, Cremer I, Eggermont A, Fridman WH, Fucikova J, Galon J, Spisek R, Tartour E, Zitvogel L, Kroemer G, Galluzzi L. Trial Watch-Small molecules targeting the immunological tumor microenvironment for cancer therapy. Oncoimmunology 2016; 5:e1149674. [PMID: 27471617 PMCID: PMC4938376 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2016.1149674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Progressing malignancies establish robust immunosuppressive networks that operate both systemically and locally. In particular, as tumors escape immunosurveillance, they recruit increasing amounts of myeloid and lymphoid cells that exert pronounced immunosuppressive effects. These cells not only prevent the natural recognition of growing neoplasms by the immune system, but also inhibit anticancer immune responses elicited by chemo-, radio- and immuno therapeutic interventions. Throughout the past decade, multiple strategies have been devised to counteract the accumulation or activation of tumor-infiltrating immunosuppressive cells for therapeutic purposes. Here, we review recent preclinical and clinical advances on the use of small molecules that target the immunological tumor microenvironment for cancer therapy. These agents include inhibitors of indoleamine 2,3-dioxigenase 1 (IDO1), prostaglandin E2, and specific cytokine receptors, as well as modulators of intratumoral purinergic signaling and arginine metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aitziber Buqué
- INSERM, U1138, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie/Paris VI, Paris, France
- Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | - Norma Bloy
- INSERM, U1138, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie/Paris VI, Paris, France
- Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | - Fernando Aranda
- Group of Immune receptors of the Innate and Adaptive System, Institut d'Investigacions Biomédiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isabelle Cremer
- INSERM, U1138, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie/Paris VI, Paris, France
- Equipe 13, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
| | | | - Wolf Hervé Fridman
- INSERM, U1138, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie/Paris VI, Paris, France
- Equipe 13, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
| | - Jitka Fucikova
- Sotio, Prague, Czech Republic
- Dept. of Immunology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jérôme Galon
- INSERM, U1138, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie/Paris VI, Paris, France
- Laboratory of Integrative Cancer Immunology, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
| | - Radek Spisek
- Sotio, Prague, Czech Republic
- Dept. of Immunology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Eric Tartour
- Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
- INSERM, U970, Paris, France
- Paris-Cardiovascular Research Center (PARCC), Paris, France
- Service d'Immunologie Biologique, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou (HEGP), AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Laurence Zitvogel
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
- INSERM, U1015, CICBT507, Villejuif, France
| | - Guido Kroemer
- INSERM, U1138, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie/Paris VI, Paris, France
- Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
- Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lorenzo Galluzzi
- INSERM, U1138, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie/Paris VI, Paris, France
- Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
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Fast and sensitive HPLC method for the determination of neopterin, kynurenine and tryptophan in amniotic fluid, malignant effusions and wound exudates. Bioanalysis 2015; 7:2751-62. [DOI: 10.4155/bio.15.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: A new HPLC method for the determination of neopterin, kynurenine and tryptophan using a second-generation monolith stationary phase and high-throughput sample preparation procedure based on microplates was developed and fully validated. Materials & methods: As the stationary phase a monolithic C18 Chromolith high-resolution column with dimensions of 4.6 × 100 mm connected to a monolithic 4.6 × 10-mm security guard was used. Separation was achieved using 15 mM phosphate buffer (KH2PO4 +K2HPO4·3H2O at pH 3) and acetonitrile in gradient mode. Results: Target analytes were determined in 5.5 minutes in amniotic fluid, effusions and wound exudates with a limit of quantification (LOQ) of 1.25 nM for neopterin, 2.5 µM for tryptophan and 0.25 µM for kynurenine. Discussion: The method was applied to real clinical sample measurements, and it will be used to monitor neopterin, kynurenine and tryptophan levels in biological fluids to assess the patient response to therapy and clinical status.
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