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Lu L, Kong WY, Zhang J, Firdaus F, Wells JW, Stephenson RJ, Toth I, Skwarczynski M, Cruz JLG. Utilizing murine dendritic cell line DC2.4 to evaluate the immunogenicity of subunit vaccines in vitro. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1298721. [PMID: 38469294 PMCID: PMC10925716 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1298721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Subunit vaccines hold substantial promise in controlling infectious diseases, due to their superior safety profile, specific immunogenicity, simplified manufacturing processes, and well-defined chemical compositions. One of the most important end-targets of vaccines is a subset of lymphocytes originating from the thymus, known as T cells, which possess the ability to mount an antigen-specific immune response. Furthermore, vaccines confer long-term immunity through the generation of memory T cell pools. Dendritic cells are essential for the activation of T cells and the induction of adaptive immunity, making them key for the in vitro evaluation of vaccine efficacy. Upon internalization by dendritic cells, vaccine-bearing antigens are processed, and suitable fragments are presented to T cells by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules. In addition, DCs can secrete various cytokines to crosstalk with T cells to coordinate subsequent immune responses. Here, we generated an in vitro model using the immortalized murine dendritic cell line, DC2.4, to recapitulate the process of antigen uptake and DC maturation, measured as the elevation of CD40, MHC-II, CD80 and CD86 on the cell surface. The levels of key DC cytokines, tumor necrosis alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) were measured to better define DC activation. This information served as a cost-effective and rapid proxy for assessing the antigen presentation efficacy of various vaccine formulations, demonstrating a strong correlation with previously published in vivo study outcomes. Hence, our assay enables the selection of the lead vaccine candidates based on DC activation capacity prior to in vivo animal studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lantian Lu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, Frazer Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Wei Yang Kong
- Faculty of Medicine, Frazer Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Jiahui Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, Frazer Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Farrhana Firdaus
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - James W. Wells
- Faculty of Medicine, Frazer Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Rachel J. Stephenson
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Istvan Toth
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia
- Institute of Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Mariusz Skwarczynski
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Jazmina L. Gonzalez Cruz
- Faculty of Medicine, Frazer Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
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Masjedi M, Montahaei T, Sharafi Z, Jalali A. Pulmonary vaccine delivery: An emerging strategy for vaccination and immunotherapy. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Feng J, Deng Y, Fu M, Hu X, Luo W, Lu Z, Dai L, Yang H, Zhao X, Du Z, Wen B, Jiang L, Zhou D, Jiao J, Xiong X. Construction of a Live-Attenuated Vaccine Strain of Yersinia pestis EV76-B-SHUΔ pla and Evaluation of Its Protection Efficacy in a Mouse Model by Aerosolized Intratracheal Inoculation. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:473. [PMID: 33014895 PMCID: PMC7509399 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.00473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Plague, which is caused by Yersinia pestis, is one of the most dangerous infectious diseases. No FDA-approved vaccine against plague is available for human use at present. To improve the immune safety of Y. pestis EV76 based live attenuated vaccine and to explore the feasibility of aerosolized intratracheal inoculation (i.t.) route for vaccine delivery, a plasminogen activator protease (pla) gene deletion mutant of the attenuated Y. pestis strain EV76-B-SHU was constructed, and its residual virulence and protective efficacy were evaluated in a mouse model via aerosolized intratracheal inoculation (i.t.) or via subcutaneous injection (s.c.). The residual virulence of EV76-B-SHUΔpla was significantly reduced compared to that of the parental strain EV76-B-SHU following i.t. and s.c. infection. The EV76-B-SHUΔpla induced higher levels of mucosal antibody sIgA in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of mice immunized by i.t. but not by s.c.. Moreover, after lethal challenge with Y. pestis biovar Microtus strain 201 (avirulent in humans), the protective efficacy and bacterial clearance ability of the EV76-B-SHUΔpla-i.t. group were comparable to those of the EV76-B-SHUΔpla-s.c. and EV76-B-SHU immunized groups. Thus, the EV76-B-SHUΔpla represents an excellent live-attenuated vaccine candidate against pneumonic plague and aerosolized i.t. represents a promising immunization route in mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junxia Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China.,Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Yingying Deng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mengjiao Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Xueyuan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Wenbo Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiyu Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | | | - Huiying Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Zongmin Du
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Bohai Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Lingxiao Jiang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongsheng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaolu Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
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Abstract
Mucosal surfaces represent important routes of entry into the human body for the majority of pathogens, and they constitute unique sites for targeted vaccine delivery. Nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems are emerging technologies for delivering and improving the efficacy of mucosal vaccines. Recent studies have provided new insights into formulation and delivery aspects of importance for the design of safe and efficacious mucosal subunit vaccines based on nanoparticles. These include novel nanomaterials, their physicochemical properties and formulation approaches, nanoparticle interaction with immune cells in the mucosa, and mucosal immunization and delivery strategies. Here, we present recent progress in the application of nanoparticle-based approaches for mucosal vaccine delivery and discuss future research challenges and opportunities in the field.
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Feng J, Hu X, Fu M, Dai L, Yu Y, Luo W, Zhao Z, Lu Z, Du Z, Zhou D, Wen B, Jiao J, Xiong X. Enhanced protection against Q fever in BALB/c mice elicited by immunization of chloroform-methanol residue of Coxiella burnetii via intratracheal inoculation. Vaccine 2019; 37:6076-6084. [PMID: 31477436 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.08.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Human Q fever is recognized as a worldwide public health problem. It often occurs by inhalation of airborne aerosols contaminated with Coxiella burnetii, a gram-negative intracellular bacterium, mainly from domestic livestock. In this study, we analyzed the possibility to establish mucosal and systemic immunity against C. burnetii infection using a pulmonary delivery of chloroform-methanol residue of C. burnetii (CMR) vaccine. Mice were immunized by the intratracheal inoculation of CMR (IT-CMR) or the subcutaneous injection of CMR (SC-CMR), and the immunized mice were challenged with C. burnetii by the intratracheal route. The levels of IFN-γ, IL-12p70, IL-5, and IL-4 in the IT-CMR group in splenic T cells stimulated ex vivo were significantly higher than in the SC-CMR group. Significantly elevated sIgA to C. burnetii was detected in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of mice immunized by IT-CMR but not by SC-CMR, which might have contributed to the significant reduction in C. burnetii load and pathological lesions in the lungs of the mice after the challenge of C. burnetii. These results suggest that compared with SC-CMR in mice, IT-CMR was more efficient to elicit cellular and lung mucosal immune responses against aerosol infection of C. burnetii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junxia Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, 20(#) Dong-Dia-Jie Street, Fengtai, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Xueyuan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, 20(#) Dong-Dia-Jie Street, Fengtai, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Mengjiao Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, 20(#) Dong-Dia-Jie Street, Fengtai, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Lupeng Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, 20(#) Dong-Dia-Jie Street, Fengtai, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Yonghui Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, 20(#) Dong-Dia-Jie Street, Fengtai, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Wenbo Luo
- Anhui Medical University, Mei-Shan Road, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Zengming Zhao
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Chinese People's Liberation Army, 20(#) Dong-Dia-Jie Street, Fengtai, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Zhiyu Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, 20(#) Dong-Dia-Jie Street, Fengtai, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Zongmin Du
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, 20(#) Dong-Dia-Jie Street, Fengtai, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Dongsheng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, 20(#) Dong-Dia-Jie Street, Fengtai, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Bohai Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, 20(#) Dong-Dia-Jie Street, Fengtai, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Jun Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, 20(#) Dong-Dia-Jie Street, Fengtai, Beijing 100071, China.
| | - Xiaolu Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, 20(#) Dong-Dia-Jie Street, Fengtai, Beijing 100071, China.
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Sanchez-Guzman D, Le Guen P, Villeret B, Sola N, Le Borgne R, Guyard A, Kemmel A, Crestani B, Sallenave JM, Garcia-Verdugo I. Silver nanoparticle-adjuvanted vaccine protects against lethal influenza infection through inducing BALT and IgA-mediated mucosal immunity. Biomaterials 2019; 217:119308. [PMID: 31279103 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.119308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Most of current influenza virus vaccines fail to develop a strong immunity at lung mucosae (site of viral entry) due to sub-optimal vaccination protocols (e.g. inactivated virus administered by parenteral injections). Mucosal immunity could be improved by using locally-delivered vaccines containing appropriate adjuvants. Here we show, in a mouse model, that inclusion of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in virus-inactivated flu vaccine resulted in reduction of viral loads and prevention of excessive lung inflammation following influenza infection. Concomitantly, AgNPs enhanced specific IgA secreting plasma cells and antibodies titers, a hallmark of successful mucosal immunity. Moreover, vaccination in the presence of AgNPs but not with gold nanoparticles, protected mice from lethal flu. Compared with other commercial adjuvants (squalene/oil-based emulsion) or silver salts, AgNPs stimulated stronger antigen specific IgA production with lower toxicity by promoting bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue (BALT) neogenesis, and acted as a bona fide mucosal adjuvant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Sanchez-Guzman
- INSERM, UMR U1152, Laboratoire d'Excellence Inflamex, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire FIRE (Fibrosis, Inflammation and Remodeling), Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75018, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Le Guen
- INSERM, UMR U1152, Laboratoire d'Excellence Inflamex, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire FIRE (Fibrosis, Inflammation and Remodeling), Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75018, Paris, France; Department of Pneumology A, AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Bichat-Claude Bernard, Paris, 75018, Paris, France
| | - Berengere Villeret
- INSERM, UMR U1152, Laboratoire d'Excellence Inflamex, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire FIRE (Fibrosis, Inflammation and Remodeling), Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75018, Paris, France
| | - Nuria Sola
- INSERM, UMR U1152, Laboratoire d'Excellence Inflamex, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire FIRE (Fibrosis, Inflammation and Remodeling), Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75018, Paris, France
| | - Remi Le Borgne
- ImagoSeine, Electron Microscopy Facility, Institut Jacques Monod, CNRS UMR 7592, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75205, Cedex 13, Paris, France
| | - Alice Guyard
- Department of Pathology, AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Bichat-Claude Bernard, Paris, 75018, Paris, France
| | - Alix Kemmel
- INSERM, UMR U1152, Laboratoire d'Excellence Inflamex, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire FIRE (Fibrosis, Inflammation and Remodeling), Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75018, Paris, France
| | - Bruno Crestani
- INSERM, UMR U1152, Laboratoire d'Excellence Inflamex, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire FIRE (Fibrosis, Inflammation and Remodeling), Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75018, Paris, France; Department of Pneumology A, AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Bichat-Claude Bernard, Paris, 75018, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Michel Sallenave
- INSERM, UMR U1152, Laboratoire d'Excellence Inflamex, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire FIRE (Fibrosis, Inflammation and Remodeling), Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75018, Paris, France
| | - Ignacio Garcia-Verdugo
- INSERM, UMR U1152, Laboratoire d'Excellence Inflamex, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire FIRE (Fibrosis, Inflammation and Remodeling), Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75018, Paris, France.
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Vaccine-induced antigen-specific regulatory T cells attenuate the antiviral immunity against acute influenza virus infection. Mucosal Immunol 2018; 11:1239-1253. [PMID: 29467445 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-018-0004-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Revised: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Peptide-based T cell vaccines targeting the conserved epitopes of influenza virus can provide cross-protection against distantly related strains, but they are generally not immunogenic. Foreign antigen-specific regulatory T (Treg) cells are induced under subimmunogenic conditions peripherally, although their development and role in vaccine-mediated antiviral immunity is unclear. Here, we demonstrated primary vaccination with peptides alone significantly induced antigen-specific Foxp3+ Treg cells, which were further expanded by repeated vaccination with unadjuvanted peptides. Certain adjuvants, including CpG, suppressed the induction and expansion of antigen-specific Treg cells by peptide vaccination. Interestingly, secondary influenza virus infection significantly increased the frequency of preexisting antigen-specific Treg cells, although primary infection barely induced them. Importantly, specific depletion of vaccine-induced antigen-specific Treg cells promoted influenza viral clearance, indicating their inhibitory role in vivo. Immunization with CpG-adjuvanted peptides by the subcutaneous prime-intranasal-boost strategy restricted the recruitment and accumulation of antigen-specific Treg cells in lung, and stimulated robust T cell immunity. Finally, subcutaneous prime-intranasal-boost immunization with CpG-adjuvanted peptides or whole-inactivated influenza vaccines protected mice from heterosubtypic influenza virus infection. In conclusion, antigen-specific Treg cells induced by peptide vaccines attenuate the antiviral immunity against influenza virus infection. CpG-adjuvanted peptide vaccines provide heterosubtypic influenza protection probably by inhibiting Treg development and enhancing T cell immunity.
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Norbury LJ, Basałaj K, Zawistowska-Deniziak A, Sielicka A, Wilkowski P, Wesołowska A, Smooker PM, Wędrychowicz H. Intranasal delivery of a formulation containing stage-specific recombinant proteins of Fasciola hepatica cathepsin L5 and cathepsin B2 triggers an anti-fecundity effect and an adjuvant-mediated reduction in fluke burden in sheep. Vet Parasitol 2018; 258:14-23. [PMID: 30105973 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2018.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Fasciola hepatica infection continues to be a major problem in the agriculture sector, particularly in sheep and cattle. Cathepsin L and B proteases are major components of the excretory/secretory material of the parasite, and their roles in several important aspects of parasite invasion and survival has led to their use as targets in rational vaccine design. Previous studies in rats demonstrated that the use of stage-specific antigens, cathepsin B2 and cathepsin L5, as part of a multivalent vaccine, was able to confer significant protection against challenge. In the present study, recombinant versions of cathepsin L5 and cathepsin B2 produced in yeast were used in combination to vaccinate sheep. Intramuscular and intranasal forms of administration were applied, and sheep were subsequently challenged with 150 F. hepatica metacercariae. Intramuscular vaccination was able to induce a strong systemic antibody response against both antigens, but failed to confer significant protection. Conversely, no elevated antibody response was detected against the vaccine antigens following nasal vaccination; however, a reduction in parasite egg viability (>92%) and a statistically significant (p = 0.006), predominantly adjuvant-mediated reduction in worm burdens was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke J Norbury
- Witold Stefański Institute of Parasitology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Twarda 51/55, 00-818 Warsaw, Poland; School of Science, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology University, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia.
| | - Katarzyna Basałaj
- Witold Stefański Institute of Parasitology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Twarda 51/55, 00-818 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Zawistowska-Deniziak
- Witold Stefański Institute of Parasitology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Twarda 51/55, 00-818 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Alicja Sielicka
- Witold Stefański Institute of Parasitology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Twarda 51/55, 00-818 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Przemysław Wilkowski
- Witold Stefański Institute of Parasitology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Twarda 51/55, 00-818 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Wesołowska
- Witold Stefański Institute of Parasitology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Twarda 51/55, 00-818 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Peter M Smooker
- School of Science, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology University, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia
| | - Halina Wędrychowicz
- Witold Stefański Institute of Parasitology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Twarda 51/55, 00-818 Warsaw, Poland
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