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Jiao F, Meng L, Du K, Li X. The autophagy-lysosome pathway: a potential target in the chemical and gene therapeutic strategies for Parkinson's disease. Neural Regen Res 2025; 20:139-158. [PMID: 38767483 PMCID: PMC11246151 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-23-01195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is a common neurodegenerative disease with movement disorders associated with the intracytoplasmic deposition of aggregate proteins such as α-synuclein in neurons. As one of the major intracellular degradation pathways, the autophagy-lysosome pathway plays an important role in eliminating these proteins. Accumulating evidence has shown that upregulation of the autophagy-lysosome pathway may contribute to the clearance of α-synuclein aggregates and protect against degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson's disease. Moreover, multiple genes associated with the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease are intimately linked to alterations in the autophagy-lysosome pathway. Thus, this pathway appears to be a promising therapeutic target for treatment of Parkinson's disease. In this review, we briefly introduce the machinery of autophagy. Then, we provide a description of the effects of Parkinson's disease-related genes on the autophagy-lysosome pathway. Finally, we highlight the potential chemical and genetic therapeutic strategies targeting the autophagy-lysosome pathway and their applications in Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengjuan Jiao
- School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong Province, China
- Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Behavioral Interventions of Mental Disorders, Institute of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong Province, China
| | - Lingyan Meng
- School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong Province, China
| | - Kang Du
- School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xuezhi Li
- School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong Province, China
- Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Behavioral Interventions of Mental Disorders, Institute of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong Province, China
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2
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Wenzhi Y, Xiangyi L, Dongsheng F. The prion-like effect and prion-like protein targeting strategy in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e34963. [PMID: 39170125 PMCID: PMC11336370 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Pathological proteins in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), such as superoxide dismutase 1, TAR DNA-binding protein 43, and fused in sarcoma, exhibit a prion-like pattern. All these proteins have a low-complexity domain and seeding activity in cells. In this review, we summarize the studies on the prion-like effect of these proteins and list six prion-like protein targeting strategies that we believe have potential for ALS therapy, including antisense oligonucleotides, antibody-based technology, peptide, protein chaperone, autophagy enhancement, and heteromultivalent compounds. Considering the pathological complexity and heterogeneity of ALS, we believe that the final solution to ALS therapy is most likely to be an individualized cocktail therapy, including clearance of toxicity, blockage of pathological progress, and protection of neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wenzhi
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Biomarker and Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Liu Xiangyi
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Biomarker and Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Fan Dongsheng
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Biomarker and Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Beijing, China
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3
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Xu TT, Deng YY, Yu XY, Li M, Fu YY. Natural autophagy modulators in non-communicable diseases: from autophagy mechanisms to therapeutic potential. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2024:10.1038/s41401-024-01356-y. [PMID: 39090393 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-024-01356-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are defined as a kind of diseases closely related to bad behaviors and lifestyles, e.g., cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and diabetes. Driven by population growth and aging, NCDs have become the biggest disease burden in the world, and it is urgent to prevent and control these chronic diseases. Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved process that degrade cellular senescent or malfunctioning organelles in lysosomes. Mounting evidence has demonstrated a major role of autophagy in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and other major human diseases, suggesting that autophagy could be a candidate therapeutic target for NCDs. Natural products/phytochemicals are important resources for drugs against a wide variety of diseases. Recently, compounds from natural plants, such as resveratrol, curcumin, and ursolic acid, have been recognized as promising autophagy modulators. In this review, we address recent advances and the current status of the development of natural autophagy modulators in NCDs and provide an update of the latest in vitro and in vivo experiments that pave the way to clinical studies. Specifically, we focus on the relationship between natural autophagy modulators and NCDs, with an intent to identify natural autophagy modulators with therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Ting Xu
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Drug for Thoracic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Ying-Yi Deng
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Drug for Thoracic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Xi-Yong Yu
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Drug for Thoracic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China.
| | - Min Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Yuan-Yuan Fu
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Drug for Thoracic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China.
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4
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Magalhães RSS, Monteiro Neto JR, Ribeiro GD, Paranhos LH, Eleutherio ECA. Trehalose Protects against Superoxide Dismutase 1 Proteinopathy in an Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Model. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:807. [PMID: 39061876 PMCID: PMC11274086 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13070807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This work aimed to study the effect of trehalose in protecting cells against Sod1 proteinopathy associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Humanized yeast cells in which native Sod1 was replaced by wild-type human Sod1 or an ALS mutant (WT-A4V Sod1 heterodimer) were used as the experimental model. Cells were treated with 10% trehalose (p/v) before or after the appearance of hSod1 proteinopathy induced by oxidative stress. In both conditions, trehalose reduced the number of cells with Sod1 inclusions, increased Sod1 activity, and decreased the levels of intracellular oxidation, demonstrating that trehalose avoids Sod1 misfolding and loss of function in response to oxidative stress. The survival rates of ALS Sod1 cells stressed in the presence of trehalose were 60% higher than in their absence. Treatment with trehalose after the appearance of Sod1 inclusions in cells expressing WT Sod1 doubled longevity; after 5 days, non-treated cells did not survive, but 15% of cells treated with sugar were still alive. Altogether, our results emphasize the potential of trehalose as a novel therapy, which might be applied preventively in ALS patients with a family history of the disease or after diagnosis in ALS patients who discover the disease following the first symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Elis C. A. Eleutherio
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil; (R.S.S.M.); (J.R.M.N.); (G.D.R.); (L.H.P.)
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5
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Kumar P, Kinger S, Dubey AR, Jagtap YA, Choudhary A, Prasad A, Jha HC, Dhiman R, Gutti RK, Mishra A. Trehalose Promotes Clearance of Proteotoxic Aggregation of Neurodegenerative Disease-Associated Aberrant Proteins. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:4055-4073. [PMID: 38057642 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03824-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Accumulation of misfolded proteins compromises overall cellular health and fitness. The failure to remove misfolded proteins is a critical reason for their unwanted aggregation in dense cellular protein pools. The accumulation of various inclusions serves as a clinical feature for neurodegenerative diseases. Previous findings suggest that different cellular compartments can store these abnormal inclusions. Studies of transgenic mice and cellular models of neurodegenerative diseases indicate that depleted chaperone capacity contributes to the aggregation of damaged or aberrant proteins, which consequently disturb proteostasis and cell viability. However, improving these abnormal proteins' selective elimination is yet to be well understood. Still, molecular strategies that can promote the effective degradation of abnormal proteins without compromising cellular viability are unclear. Here, we reported that the trehalose treatment elevates endogenous proteasome levels and enhances the activities of the proteasome. Trehalose-mediated proteasomal activation elevates the removal of both bona fide misfolded and various neurodegenerative disease-associated proteins. Our current study suggests that trehalose may retain a proteasome activation potential, which seems helpful in the solubilization of different mutant misfolded proteins, improving cell viability. These results reveal a possible molecular approach to reduce the overload of intracellular misfolded proteins, and such cytoprotective functions may play a critical role against protein conformational diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant Kumar
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Rajasthan, 342037, India
| | - Sumit Kinger
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Rajasthan, 342037, India
| | - Ankur Rakesh Dubey
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Rajasthan, 342037, India
| | - Yuvraj Anandrao Jagtap
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Rajasthan, 342037, India
| | - Akash Choudhary
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Rajasthan, 342037, India
| | - Amit Prasad
- School of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Mandi, India
| | - Hem Chandra Jha
- Infection Bioengineering Group, Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, Simrol, India
| | - Rohan Dhiman
- Laboratory of Mycobacterial Immunology, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, 769008, India
| | - Ravi Kumar Gutti
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
| | - Amit Mishra
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Rajasthan, 342037, India.
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Nógrádi B, Nógrádi-Halmi D, Erdélyi-Furka B, Kádár Z, Csont T, Gáspár R. Mechanism of motoneuronal and pyramidal cell death in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and its potential therapeutic modulation. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:291. [PMID: 38898006 PMCID: PMC11187107 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-02055-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder clinically characterized by muscle atrophy and progressive paralysis. Loss of motoneurons and pyramidal cells is thought to be the center piece of the complex and multifaceted ALS pathology, however, the exact mechanisms laying behind motoneuronal cell death in the spinal cord and motor cortex are still unknown. It was originally proposed that apoptosis plays a fundamental role in motoneuronal demise, nonetheless, later it became clear that other forms of regulated cell death, including necroptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, and autophagy-dependent cell death, may also contribute to motoneuron loss. Over the past years, multiple studies aimed to improve our understanding of the contributory role of these mechanisms as well as to offer novel targets for potential therapeutic interventions. The pharmacological inhibition of the ferroptotic pathway and the modulation of the autophagic machinery seem to have particularly promising effects, reducing motoneuron loss and slowing disease progression in transgenic models of ALS. Nevertheless, the potential beneficial effects of necroptosis-targeting interventions were mostly disproven in the latest studies. In this review we aim to summarize the current view on regulated cell death mechanisms that lead to motoneuronal and pyramidal cell degeneration in ALS and showcase their applicability as future drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernát Nógrádi
- Department of Neurology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Health Centre, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- Euan MacDonald Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Dóra Nógrádi-Halmi
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Excellence, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Barbara Erdélyi-Furka
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Excellence, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zalán Kádár
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Tamás Csont
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Excellence, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Renáta Gáspár
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Excellence, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.
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7
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Pupyshev AB, Akopyan AA, Tenditnik MV, Ovsyukova MV, Dubrovina NI, Belichenko VM, Korolenko TA, Zozulya SA, Klyushnik TP, Tikhonova MA. Alimentary Treatment with Trehalose in a Pharmacological Model of Alzheimer's Disease in Mice: Effects of Different Dosages and Treatment Regimens. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:813. [PMID: 38931934 PMCID: PMC11207537 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16060813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In the treatment of experimental neurodegeneration with disaccharide trehalose, various regimens are used, predominantly a 2% solution, drunk for several weeks. We studied the effects of different regimens of dietary trehalose treatment in an amyloid-β (Aβ) 25-35-induced murine model of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Aβ-treated mice received 2% trehalose solution daily, 4% trehalose solution daily (continuous mode) or every other day (intermittent mode), to drink for two weeks. We revealed the dose-dependent effects on autophagy activation in the frontal cortex and hippocampus, and the restoration of behavioral disturbances. A continuous intake of 4% trehalose solution caused the greatest activation of autophagy and the complete recovery of step-through latency in the passive avoidance test that corresponds to associative long-term memory and learning. This regimen also produced an anxiolytic effect in the open field. The effects of all the regimens studied were similar in Aβ load, neuroinflammatory response, and neuronal density in the frontal cortex and hippocampus. Trehalose successfully restored these parameters to the levels of the control group. Thus, high doses of trehalose had increased efficacy towards cognitive impairment in a model of early AD-like pathology. These findings could be taken into account for translational studies and the development of clinical approaches for AD therapy using trehalose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander B. Pupyshev
- Laboratory of the Neurobiological Mechanisms of Neurodegenerative Processes, Department of Experimental Neuroscience, Scientific Research Institute of Neurosciences and Medicine (SRINM), 630017 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Anna A. Akopyan
- Laboratory of the Neurobiological Mechanisms of Neurodegenerative Processes, Department of Experimental Neuroscience, Scientific Research Institute of Neurosciences and Medicine (SRINM), 630017 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Michael V. Tenditnik
- Laboratory of the Neurobiological Mechanisms of Neurodegenerative Processes, Department of Experimental Neuroscience, Scientific Research Institute of Neurosciences and Medicine (SRINM), 630017 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Marina V. Ovsyukova
- Laboratory of the Neurobiological Mechanisms of Neurodegenerative Processes, Department of Experimental Neuroscience, Scientific Research Institute of Neurosciences and Medicine (SRINM), 630017 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Nina I. Dubrovina
- Laboratory of the Neurobiological Mechanisms of Neurodegenerative Processes, Department of Experimental Neuroscience, Scientific Research Institute of Neurosciences and Medicine (SRINM), 630017 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Victor M. Belichenko
- Laboratory of the Neurobiological Mechanisms of Neurodegenerative Processes, Department of Experimental Neuroscience, Scientific Research Institute of Neurosciences and Medicine (SRINM), 630017 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Tatiana A. Korolenko
- Laboratory of the Neurobiological Mechanisms of Neurodegenerative Processes, Department of Experimental Neuroscience, Scientific Research Institute of Neurosciences and Medicine (SRINM), 630017 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | | | | | - Maria A. Tikhonova
- Laboratory of the Neurobiological Mechanisms of Neurodegenerative Processes, Department of Experimental Neuroscience, Scientific Research Institute of Neurosciences and Medicine (SRINM), 630017 Novosibirsk, Russia
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8
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Parvanovova P, Evinova A, Grofik M, Hnilicova P, Tatarkova Z, Turcanova-Koprusakova M. Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Sporadic Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Patients: Insights from High-Resolution Respirometry. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1294. [PMID: 38927501 PMCID: PMC11201269 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12061294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a severe neurodegenerative disease whose exact cause is still unclear. Currently, research attention is turning to the mitochondrion as a critical organelle of energy metabolism. Current knowledge is sufficient to confirm the involvement of the mitochondria in the pathophysiology of the disease, since the mitochondria are involved in many processes in the cell; however, the exact mechanism of involvement is still unclear. We used peripheral blood mononuclear cells isolated from whole fresh blood from patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis for measurement and matched an age- and sex-matched set of healthy subjects. The group of patients consisted of patients examined and diagnosed at the neurological clinic of the University Hospital Martin. The set of controls consisted of healthy individuals who were actively searched, and controls were selected on the basis of age and sex. The group consisted of 26 patients with sporadic forms of ALS (13 women, 13 men), diagnosed based on the definitive criteria of El Escorial. The average age of patients was 54 years, and the average age of healthy controls was 56 years. We used a high-resolution O2K respirometry method, Oxygraph-2k, to measure mitochondrial respiration. Basal respiration was lower in patients by 29.48%, pyruvate-stimulated respiration (respiratory chain complex I) was lower by 29.26%, and maximal respiratory capacity was lower by 28.15%. The decrease in succinate-stimulated respiration (respiratory chain complex II) was 26.91%. Our data confirm changes in mitochondrial respiration in ALS patients, manifested by the reduced function of complex I and complex II of the respiratory chain. These defects are severe enough to confirm this disease's hypothesized mitochondrial damage. Therefore, research interest in the future should be directed towards a deeper understanding of the involvement of mitochondria and respiratory complexes in the pathophysiology of the disease. This understanding could develop new biomarkers in diagnostics and subsequent therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Parvanovova
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia; (P.P.); (Z.T.)
| | - Andrea Evinova
- Biomedical Centre Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia; (A.E.); (P.H.)
| | - Milan Grofik
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Martin, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia;
| | - Petra Hnilicova
- Biomedical Centre Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia; (A.E.); (P.H.)
| | - Zuzana Tatarkova
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia; (P.P.); (Z.T.)
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9
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Vessey KA, Jobling AI, Greferath U, Fletcher EL. Pharmaceutical therapies targeting autophagy for the treatment of age-related macular degeneration. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2024; 76:102463. [PMID: 38788268 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2024.102463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a major cause of irreversible vision loss in the elderly. Although new therapies have recently emerged, there are currently no ways of preventing the development of the disease. Changes in intracellular recycling processes. Changes in intracellular recycling processes, called autophagy, lead to debris accumulation and cellular dysfunction in AMD models and AMD patients. Drugs that enhance autophagy hold promise as therapies for slowing AMD progression in preclinical models; however, more studies in humans are required. While a definitive cure for AMD will likely hinge on a personalized medicine approach, treatments that enhance autophagy hold promise for slowing vision loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirstan A Vessey
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, The University of Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia; School of Science and Technology, The University of New England, NSW 2350, Australia
| | - Andrew I Jobling
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, The University of Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Ursula Greferath
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, The University of Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Erica L Fletcher
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, The University of Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia.
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10
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Huang Z, Cheng S, Jash S, Fierce J, Agudelo A, Higashiyama T, Hanna N, Nakashima A, Saito S, Padbury J, Schuster J, Sharma S. Exploiting sweet relief for preeclampsia by targeting autophagy-lysosomal machinery and proteinopathy. Exp Mol Med 2024; 56:1206-1220. [PMID: 38760513 PMCID: PMC11148015 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-024-01234-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The etiology of preeclampsia (PE), a severe complication of pregnancy with several clinical manifestations and a high incidence of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality, remains unclear. This issue is a major hurdle for effective treatment strategies. We recently demonstrated that PE exhibits an Alzheimer-like etiology of impaired autophagy and proteinopathy in the placenta. Targeting of these pathological pathways may be a novel therapeutic strategy for PE. Stimulation of autophagy with the natural disaccharide trehalose and its lacto analog lactotrehalose in hypoxia-exposed primary human trophoblasts restored autophagy, inhibited the accumulation of toxic protein aggregates, and restored the ultrastructural features of autophagosomes and autolysosomes. Importantly, trehalose and lactotrehalose inhibited the onset of PE-like features in a humanized mouse model by normalizing autophagy and inhibiting protein aggregation in the placenta. These disaccharides restored the autophagy-lysosomal biogenesis machinery by increasing nuclear translocation of the master transcriptional regulator TFEB. RNA-seq analysis of the placentas of mice with PE indicated the normalization of the PE-associated transcriptome profile in response to trehalose and lactotrehalose. In summary, our results provide a novel molecular rationale for impaired autophagy and proteinopathy in patients with PE and identify treatment with trehalose and its lacto analog as promising therapeutic options for this severe pregnancy complication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheping Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, Women and Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, 02905, USA
| | - Shibin Cheng
- Department of Pediatrics, Women and Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, 02905, USA
| | - Sukanta Jash
- Department of Pediatrics, Women and Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, 02905, USA
| | - Jamie Fierce
- Department of Pediatrics, Women and Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, 02905, USA
| | - Anthony Agudelo
- Department of Pediatrics, Women and Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, 02905, USA
| | | | - Nazeeh Hanna
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, New York University Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, New York, NY, USA
| | - Akitoshi Nakashima
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Shigeru Saito
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - James Padbury
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jessica Schuster
- Department of Pediatrics, Women and Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, 02905, USA
| | - Surendra Sharma
- Department of Pediatrics, Women and Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, 02905, USA.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA.
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11
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Lu J, He AX, Jin ZY, Zhang M, Li ZX, Zhou F, Ma L, Jin HM, Wang JY, Shen X. Desloratadine alleviates ALS-like pathology in hSOD1 G93A mice via targeting 5HTR 2A on activated spinal astrocytes. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2024; 45:926-944. [PMID: 38286832 PMCID: PMC11053015 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-023-01223-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease with progressive loss of motor neurons in the spinal cord, cerebral cortex and brain stem. ALS is characterized by gradual muscle atrophy and dyskinesia. The limited knowledge on the pathology of ALS has impeded the development of therapeutics for the disease. Previous studies have shown that autophagy and astrocyte-mediated neuroinflammation are involved in the pathogenesis of ALS, while 5HTR2A participates in the early stage of astrocyte activation, and 5HTR2A antagonism may suppress astrocyte activation. In this study, we evaluated the therapeutic effects of desloratadine (DLT), a selective 5HTR2A antagonist, in human SOD1G93A (hSOD1G93A) ALS model mice, and elucidated the underlying mechanisms. HSOD1G93A mice were administered DLT (20 mg·kg-1·d-1, i.g.) from the age of 8 weeks for 10 weeks or until death. ALS onset time and lifespan were determined using rotarod and righting reflex tests, respectively. We found that astrocyte activation accompanying with serotonin receptor 2 A (5HTR2A) upregulation in the spinal cord was tightly associated with ALS-like pathology, which was effectively attenuated by DLT administration. We showed that DLT administration significantly delayed ALS symptom onset time, prolonged lifespan and ameliorated movement disorders, gastrocnemius injury and spinal motor neuronal loss in hSOD1G93A mice. Spinal cord-specific knockdown of 5HTR2A by intrathecal injection of adeno-associated virus9 (AAV9)-si-5Htr2a also ameliorated ALS pathology in hSOD1G93A mice, and occluded the therapeutic effects of DLT administration. Furthermore, we demonstrated that DLT administration promoted autophagy to reduce mutant hSOD1 levels through 5HTR2A/cAMP/AMPK pathway, suppressed oxidative stress through 5HTR2A/cAMP/AMPK/Nrf2-HO-1/NQO-1 pathway, and inhibited astrocyte neuroinflammation through 5HTR2A/cAMP/AMPK/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway in the spinal cord of hSOD1G93A mice. In summary, 5HTR2A antagonism shows promise as a therapeutic strategy for ALS, highlighting the potential of DLT in the treatment of the disease. DLT as a 5HTR2A antagonist effectively promoted autophagy to reduce mutant hSOD1 level through 5HTR2A/cAMP/AMPK pathway, suppressed oxidative stress through 5HTR2A/cAMP/AMPK/Nrf2-HO-1/NQO-1 pathway, and inhibited astrocytic neuroinflammation through 5HTR2A/cAMP/AMPK/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway in the spinal cord of hSOD1G93A mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Drug for Degenerative Diseases, School of Medicine & Holistic Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - An-Xu He
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Drug for Degenerative Diseases, School of Medicine & Holistic Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Zhuo-Ying Jin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Drug for Degenerative Diseases, School of Medicine & Holistic Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Drug for Degenerative Diseases, School of Medicine & Holistic Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Zhong-Xin Li
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Fan Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Drug for Degenerative Diseases, School of Medicine & Holistic Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Lin Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Drug for Degenerative Diseases, School of Medicine & Holistic Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Hong-Ming Jin
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jia-Ying Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Drug for Degenerative Diseases, School of Medicine & Holistic Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Xu Shen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Drug for Degenerative Diseases, School of Medicine & Holistic Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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12
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Song N, Mei S, Wang X, Hu G, Lu M. Focusing on mitochondria in the brain: from biology to therapeutics. Transl Neurodegener 2024; 13:23. [PMID: 38632601 PMCID: PMC11022390 DOI: 10.1186/s40035-024-00409-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria have multiple functions such as supplying energy, regulating the redox status, and producing proteins encoded by an independent genome. They are closely related to the physiology and pathology of many organs and tissues, among which the brain is particularly prominent. The brain demands 20% of the resting metabolic rate and holds highly active mitochondrial activities. Considerable research shows that mitochondria are closely related to brain function, while mitochondrial defects induce or exacerbate pathology in the brain. In this review, we provide comprehensive research advances of mitochondrial biology involved in brain functions, as well as the mitochondria-dependent cellular events in brain physiology and pathology. Furthermore, various perspectives are explored to better identify the mitochondrial roles in neurological diseases and the neurophenotypes of mitochondrial diseases. Finally, mitochondrial therapies are discussed. Mitochondrial-targeting therapeutics are showing great potentials in the treatment of brain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanshan Song
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Shuyuan Mei
- The First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Xiangxu Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Department of Pharmacology, Neuroprotective Drug Discovery Key Laboratory, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Gang Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Department of Pharmacology, Neuroprotective Drug Discovery Key Laboratory, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
| | - Ming Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Department of Pharmacology, Neuroprotective Drug Discovery Key Laboratory, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
- Changzhou Second People's Hospital, Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, 213000, China.
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13
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Obsilova V, Obsil T. The yeast 14-3-3 proteins Bmh1 and Bmh2 regulate key signaling pathways. Front Mol Biosci 2024; 11:1327014. [PMID: 38328397 PMCID: PMC10847541 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2024.1327014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Cell signaling regulates several physiological processes by receiving, processing, and transmitting signals between the extracellular and intracellular environments. In signal transduction, phosphorylation is a crucial effector as the most common posttranslational modification. Selectively recognizing specific phosphorylated motifs of target proteins and modulating their functions through binding interactions, the yeast 14-3-3 proteins Bmh1 and Bmh2 are involved in catabolite repression, carbon metabolism, endocytosis, and mitochondrial retrograde signaling, among other key cellular processes. These conserved scaffolding molecules also mediate crosstalk between ubiquitination and phosphorylation, the spatiotemporal control of meiosis, and the activity of ion transporters Trk1 and Nha1. In humans, deregulation of analogous processes triggers the development of serious diseases, such as diabetes, cancer, viral infections, microbial conditions and neuronal and age-related diseases. Accordingly, the aim of this review article is to provide a brief overview of the latest findings on the functions of yeast 14-3-3 proteins, focusing on their role in modulating the aforementioned processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Obsilova
- Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Laboratory of Structural Biology of Signaling Proteins, Division, BIOCEV, Vestec, Czechia
| | - Tomas Obsil
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
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14
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Kapil L, Kumar V, Kaur S, Sharma D, Singh C, Singh A. Role of Autophagy and Mitophagy in Neurodegenerative Disorders. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS DRUG TARGETS 2024; 23:367-383. [PMID: 36974405 DOI: 10.2174/1871527322666230327092855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is a self-destructive cellular process that removes essential metabolites and waste from inside the cell to maintain cellular health. Mitophagy is the process by which autophagy causes disruption inside mitochondria and the total removal of damaged or stressed mitochondria, hence enhancing cellular health. The mitochondria are the powerhouses of the cell, performing essential functions such as ATP (adenosine triphosphate) generation, metabolism, Ca2+ buffering, and signal transduction. Many different mechanisms, including endosomal and autophagosomal transport, bring these substrates to lysosomes for processing. Autophagy and endocytic processes each have distinct compartments, and they interact dynamically with one another to complete digestion. Since mitophagy is essential for maintaining cellular health and using genetics, cell biology, and proteomics techniques, it is necessary to understand its beginning, particularly in ubiquitin and receptor-dependent signalling in injured mitochondria. Despite their similar symptoms and emerging genetic foundations, Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease (HD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) have all been linked to abnormalities in autophagy and endolysosomal pathways associated with neuronal dysfunction. Mitophagy is responsible for normal mitochondrial turnover and, under certain physiological or pathological situations, may drive the elimination of faulty mitochondria. Due to their high energy requirements and post-mitotic origin, neurons are especially susceptible to autophagic and mitochondrial malfunction. This article focused on the importance of autophagy and mitophagy in neurodegenerative illnesses and how they might be used to create novel therapeutic approaches for treating a wide range of neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakshay Kapil
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga-142001, Punjab India
- Affiliated to IK Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, Punjab, India
| | - Vishal Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga-142001, Punjab India
- Affiliated to IK Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, Punjab, India
| | - Simranjit Kaur
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga-142001, Punjab India
- Affiliated to IK Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, Punjab, India
| | - Deepali Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga-142001, Punjab India
- Affiliated to IK Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, Punjab, India
| | - Charan Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutics (School of Pharmacy), H.N.B. Garhwal University, Srinagar - 246174, Garhwal (Uttarakhand), India
- Affiliated to IK Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, Punjab, India
| | - Arti Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga-142001, Punjab India
- Affiliated to IK Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, Punjab, India
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15
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Li L, Huang Z, Wu M, Li X, Xiao B, Yao D, Mo B. Trehalose improves the movement ability of Aβ arcDrosophila by restoring the damaged mitochondria. Transl Neurosci 2024; 15:20220338. [PMID: 38623574 PMCID: PMC11017185 DOI: 10.1515/tnsci-2022-0338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The deposition of Aβ42 has been regarded as one of the important pathological features of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, drug development for Aβ42 toxicity has been progressed slowly. Objective Our aim was to introduce the effect and related mechanism of trehalose on an Aβarc (arctic mutant Aβ42) Drosophila AD model. Methods The human Aβarc was expressed in Drosophila to construct the AD model. Trehalose was added to the culture vial. The movement ability was determined by detecting climbing ability and flight ability. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect the levels of Aβarc, ATP, and lactate. Electron microscopy assay, mitochondrial membrane potential assay, and mitochondrial respiration assay were used to assess the mitochondrial structure and function. Results Trehalose strongly improved the movement ability of Aβarc Drosophila in a concentration gradient-dependent manner. Furthermore, trehalose increased the content of ATP and decreased the content of Aβarc and lactate both in the brain and thorax of Aβarc Drosophila. More importantly, the mitochondrial structure and function were greatly improved by trehalose treatment in Aβarc Drosophila. Conclusion Trehalose improves movement ability at least partly by reducing the Aβarc level and restoring the mitochondrial structure and function in Aβarc Drosophila.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangxian Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, China
| | - Zhiheng Huang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, China
- Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541002, China
| | - Mingli Wu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, China
| | - Xia Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, China
| | - Bo Xiao
- Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541002, China
- Laboratory of Basic Research on Respiratory Diseases, Guangxi Health Commission, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, China
| | - Dong Yao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, China
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Glucose and Lipid Metabolism Disorders, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, 541199, Guilin, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Metabolic Reprogramming and Intelligent Medical Engineering for Chronic Diseases, The Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin Medical University, 541199, Guilin, China
| | - Biwen Mo
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, China
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Glucose and Lipid Metabolism Disorders, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, 541199, Guilin, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Metabolic Reprogramming and Intelligent Medical Engineering for Chronic Diseases, The Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin Medical University, 541199, Guilin, China
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16
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Hippman RS, Snead AM, Petros ZA, Korkmaz-Vaisys MA, Patel S, Sotelo D, Dobria A, Salkovski M, Nguyen TTA, Linares R, Cologna SM, Gowrishankar S, Aldrich LN. Discovery of a Small-Molecule Modulator of the Autophagy-Lysosome Pathway That Targets Lamin A/C and LAMP1, Induces Autophagic Flux, and Affects Lysosome Positioning in Neurons. ACS Chem Neurosci 2023; 14:4363-4382. [PMID: 38069806 PMCID: PMC10739612 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.3c00573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a major catabolic degradation and recycling process that maintains homeostasis in cells and is especially important in postmitotic neurons. We implemented a high-content phenotypic assay to discover small molecules that promote autophagic flux and completed target identification and validation studies to identify protein targets that modulate the autophagy pathway and promote neuronal health and survival. Efficient syntheses of the prioritized compounds were developed to readily access analogues of the initial hits, enabling initial structure-activity relationship studies to improve potency and preparation of a biotin-tagged pulldown probe that retains activity. This probe facilitated target identification and validation studies through pulldown and competition experiments using both an unbiased proteomics approach and western blotting to reveal Lamin A/C and LAMP1 as the protein targets of compound RH1115. Evaluation of RH1115 in neurons revealed that this compound induces changes to LAMP1 vesicle properties and alters lysosome positioning. Dysfunction of the autophagy-lysosome pathway has been implicated in a variety of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, highlighting the value of new strategies for therapeutic modulation and the importance of small-molecule probes to facilitate the study of autophagy regulation in cultured neurons and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan S. Hippman
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Illinois Chicago, 845 W. Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Amanda M. Snead
- Department
of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, 808 S. Wood Street, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Zoe A. Petros
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Illinois Chicago, 845 W. Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Melissa A. Korkmaz-Vaisys
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Illinois Chicago, 845 W. Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Sruchi Patel
- Department
of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, 808 S. Wood Street, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Daniel Sotelo
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Illinois Chicago, 845 W. Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Andrew Dobria
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Illinois Chicago, 845 W. Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Maryna Salkovski
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Illinois Chicago, 845 W. Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Thu T. A. Nguyen
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Illinois Chicago, 845 W. Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Ricardo Linares
- Department
of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, 808 S. Wood Street, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Stephanie M. Cologna
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Illinois Chicago, 845 W. Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Swetha Gowrishankar
- Department
of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, 808 S. Wood Street, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Leslie N. Aldrich
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Illinois Chicago, 845 W. Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
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17
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Morales-Carrizales DA, Gopar-Cuevas Y, Loera-Arias MDJ, Saucedo-Cardenas O, Montes de Oca-Luna R, Garcia-Garcia A, Rodriguez-Rocha H. A neuroprotective dose of trehalose is harmless to metabolic organs: comprehensive histopathological analysis of liver, pancreas, and kidney. Daru 2023; 31:135-144. [PMID: 37393413 PMCID: PMC10624785 DOI: 10.1007/s40199-023-00468-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trehalose is a non-reducing disaccharide synthesized by lower organisms. It has recently received special attention because of its neuroprotective properties by stimulating autophagy in Parkinson's disease (PD) models. Therefore, evaluating whether trehalose affects metabolic organs is vital to determine its neurotherapeutic safety. METHODS We validated the trehalose neuroprotective dosage in a PD model induced with intraperitoneal paraquat administration twice weekly for 7 weeks. One week before paraquat administration, mice were treated with trehalose in the drinking water and continued along with paraquat treatment. Histological and morphometrical analyses were conducted on the organs involved in trehalose metabolism, including the liver, pancreas, and kidney. RESULTS Paraquat-induced dopaminergic neuronal loss was significantly decreased by trehalose. After trehalose treatment, the liver morphology, the mononucleated/binucleated hepatocytes percentage, and sinusoidal diameter remained unchanged in each liver lobes. Endocrine and exocrine pancreas's histology was not affected, nor was any fibrotic process observed. The islet of Langerhans's structure was preserved when analyzing the area, the largest and smallest diameter, and circularity. Renal morphology remained undamaged, and no changes were identified within the glomerular basement membrane. The renal corpuscle structure did not suffer alterations in the Bowman's space, area, diameter, circularity, perimeter, and cellularity. Besides, the renal tubular structures's luminal area and internal and external diameter were preserved. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrates that systemic trehalose administration preserved the typical histological architecture of the organs involved in its metabolism, supporting its safety as a potential neuroprotective agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Armando Morales-Carrizales
- Departamento de Histologia, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo Leon, Francisco I. Madero S/N, Mitras Centro, 64460, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
| | - Yareth Gopar-Cuevas
- Departamento de Histologia, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo Leon, Francisco I. Madero S/N, Mitras Centro, 64460, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
| | - Maria de Jesus Loera-Arias
- Departamento de Histologia, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo Leon, Francisco I. Madero S/N, Mitras Centro, 64460, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
| | - Odila Saucedo-Cardenas
- Departamento de Histologia, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo Leon, Francisco I. Madero S/N, Mitras Centro, 64460, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
| | - Roberto Montes de Oca-Luna
- Departamento de Histologia, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo Leon, Francisco I. Madero S/N, Mitras Centro, 64460, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
| | - Aracely Garcia-Garcia
- Departamento de Histologia, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo Leon, Francisco I. Madero S/N, Mitras Centro, 64460, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico.
| | - Humberto Rodriguez-Rocha
- Departamento de Histologia, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo Leon, Francisco I. Madero S/N, Mitras Centro, 64460, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico.
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18
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Shaoyong W, Jin H, Jiang X, Xu B, Liu Y, Wang Y, Jin M. Benzo [a] pyrene-loaded aged polystyrene microplastics promote colonic barrier injury via oxidative stress-mediated notch signalling. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 457:131820. [PMID: 37320903 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The adsorption of toxic substances on polystyrene microplastics (PSMPs) can modify their biological toxicity and exacerbate the threat to human health. The effects of benzo [a] pyrene (B (a) P)-loaded aged PSMPs on colonic barrier integrity remains unclear. Here, we showed that binding environmentally relevant concentrations of B (a) P alteredl̥ the physicochemical features and markedly enhanced the toxicity of PSMPs. Compared to pristine PSMP, PSMP@B (a) P promoted colonic barrier degradation, body weight loss, colon length shortening, oxidative stress (OS), autophagy, inflammation, and bacterial translocation. Microplastic (MP) exposure induced injury to the colon barrier, including tight junction (TJ) and mucosal barriers, via overactivation of the Notch signalling pathway under increased OS in mice and intestinal organoids. Notably, PSMP@B (a) P exposure exacerbated damage to TJ and the mucosal barrier via the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which could be related to the release of B (a) P from PSMP@B (a) P induced by the acidic environment of autophagosomes, which in turn exert synergistic toxic effects with PSMPs. Our study elucidates some of the potential molecular mechanisms by which B (a) P enhances PSMP-related intestinal toxicity, which provides a potential therapeutic approach for diseases caused by PSMP@B (a)P and PSMP pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weike Shaoyong
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Hongli Jin
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Xiao Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Bocheng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Yalin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Yizhen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Mingliang Jin
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China.
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19
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Yap KH, Azmin S, Makpol S, Damanhuri HA, Mustapha M, Hamzah JC, Ibrahim NM. Profiling neuroprotective potential of trehalose in animal models of neurodegenerative diseases: a systematic review. Neural Regen Res 2023; 18:1179-1185. [PMID: 36453391 PMCID: PMC9838167 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.360164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Trehalose, a unique nonreducing crystalline disaccharide, is a potential disease-modifying treatment for neurodegenerative diseases associated with protein misfolding and aggregation due to aging, intrinsic mutations, or autophagy dysregulation. This systematic review summarizes the effects of trehalose on its underlying mechanisms in animal models of selected neurodegenerative disorders (tau pathology, synucleinopathy, polyglutamine tract, and motor neuron diseases). All animal studies on neurodegenerative diseases treated with trehalose published in Medline (accessed via EBSCOhost) and Scopus were considered. Of the 2259 studies screened, 29 met the eligibility criteria. According to the SYstematic Review Center for Laboratory Animal Experiment (SYRCLE) risk of bias tool, we reported 22 out of 29 studies with a high risk of bias. The present findings support the purported role of trehalose in autophagic flux and protein refolding. This review identified several other lesser-known pathways, including modifying amyloid precursor protein processing, inhibition of reactive gliosis, the integrity of the blood-brain barrier, activation of growth factors, upregulation of the downstream antioxidant signaling pathway, and protection against mitochondrial defects. The absence of adverse events and improvements in the outcome parameters were observed in some studies, which supports the transition to human clinical trials. It is possible to conclude that trehalose exerts its neuroprotective effects through both direct and indirect pathways. However, heterogeneous methodologies and outcome measures across the studies rendered it impossible to derive a definitive conclusion. Translational studies on trehalose would need to clarify three important questions: 1) bioavailability with oral administration, 2) optimal time window to confer neuroprotective benefits, and 3) optimal dosage to confer neuroprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kah Hui Yap
- Department of Medicine, UKM Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Shahrul Azmin
- Department of Medicine, UKM Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Suzana Makpol
- Department of Biochemistry, UKM Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Muzaimi Mustapha
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
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20
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Tzeplaeff L, Wilfling S, Requardt MV, Herdick M. Current State and Future Directions in the Therapy of ALS. Cells 2023; 12:1523. [PMID: 37296644 PMCID: PMC10252394 DOI: 10.3390/cells12111523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a rapidly progressive neurodegenerative disorder affecting upper and lower motor neurons, with death resulting mainly from respiratory failure three to five years after symptom onset. As the exact underlying causative pathological pathway is unclear and potentially diverse, finding a suitable therapy to slow down or possibly stop disease progression remains challenging. Varying by country Riluzole, Edaravone, and Sodium phenylbutyrate/Taurursodiol are the only drugs currently approved in ALS treatment for their moderate effect on disease progression. Even though curative treatment options, able to prevent or stop disease progression, are still unknown, recent breakthroughs, especially in the field of targeting genetic disease forms, raise hope for improved care and therapy for ALS patients. In this review, we aim to summarize the current state of ALS therapy, including medication as well as supportive therapy, and discuss the ongoing developments and prospects in the field. Furthermore, we highlight the rationale behind the intense research on biomarkers and genetic testing as a feasible way to improve the classification of ALS patients towards personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Tzeplaeff
- Department of Neurology, Rechts der Isar Hospital, Technical University of Munich, 81675 München, Germany
| | - Sibylle Wilfling
- Department of Neurology, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany;
- Center for Human Genetics Regensburg, 93059 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Maria Viktoria Requardt
- Formerly: Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, Münster University Hospital (UKM), 48149 Münster, Germany;
| | - Meret Herdick
- Precision Neurology, University of Lübeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany
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21
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Suárez-Rivero JM, López-Pérez J, Muela-Zarzuela I, Pastor-Maldonado C, Cilleros-Holgado P, Gómez-Fernández D, Álvarez-Córdoba M, Munuera-Cabeza M, Talaverón-Rey M, Povea-Cabello S, Suárez-Carrillo A, Piñero-Pérez R, Reche-López D, Romero-Domínguez JM, Sánchez-Alcázar JA. Neurodegeneration, Mitochondria, and Antibiotics. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13030416. [PMID: 36984858 PMCID: PMC10056573 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13030416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by the progressive loss of neurons, synapses, dendrites, and myelin in the central and/or peripheral nervous system. Actual therapeutic options for patients are scarce and merely palliative. Although they affect millions of patients worldwide, the molecular mechanisms underlying these conditions remain unclear. Mitochondrial dysfunction is generally found in neurodegenerative diseases and is believed to be involved in the pathomechanisms of these disorders. Therefore, therapies aiming to improve mitochondrial function are promising approaches for neurodegeneration. Although mitochondrial-targeted treatments are limited, new research findings have unraveled the therapeutic potential of several groups of antibiotics. These drugs possess pleiotropic effects beyond their anti-microbial activity, such as anti-inflammatory or mitochondrial enhancer function. In this review, we will discuss the controversial use of antibiotics as potential therapies in neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan M. Suárez-Rivero
- Institute for Biomedical Researching and Innovation of Cádiz (INiBICA) University Hospital Puerta del Mar, 11009 Cádiz, Spain
| | - Juan López-Pérez
- Institute for Biomedical Researching and Innovation of Cádiz (INiBICA) University Hospital Puerta del Mar, 11009 Cádiz, Spain
| | - Inés Muela-Zarzuela
- Institute for Biomedical Researching and Innovation of Cádiz (INiBICA) University Hospital Puerta del Mar, 11009 Cádiz, Spain
| | - Carmen Pastor-Maldonado
- Department of Molecular Biology Interfaculty Institute for Cell Biology, University of Tuebingen, D-72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Paula Cilleros-Holgado
- Andalusian Centre for Developmental Biology (CABD-CSIC-Pablo de Olavide-University), 41013 Sevilla, Spain
| | - David Gómez-Fernández
- Andalusian Centre for Developmental Biology (CABD-CSIC-Pablo de Olavide-University), 41013 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Mónica Álvarez-Córdoba
- Andalusian Centre for Developmental Biology (CABD-CSIC-Pablo de Olavide-University), 41013 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Manuel Munuera-Cabeza
- Andalusian Centre for Developmental Biology (CABD-CSIC-Pablo de Olavide-University), 41013 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Marta Talaverón-Rey
- Andalusian Centre for Developmental Biology (CABD-CSIC-Pablo de Olavide-University), 41013 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Suleva Povea-Cabello
- Andalusian Centre for Developmental Biology (CABD-CSIC-Pablo de Olavide-University), 41013 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Alejandra Suárez-Carrillo
- Andalusian Centre for Developmental Biology (CABD-CSIC-Pablo de Olavide-University), 41013 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Rocío Piñero-Pérez
- Andalusian Centre for Developmental Biology (CABD-CSIC-Pablo de Olavide-University), 41013 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Diana Reche-López
- Andalusian Centre for Developmental Biology (CABD-CSIC-Pablo de Olavide-University), 41013 Sevilla, Spain
| | - José M. Romero-Domínguez
- Andalusian Centre for Developmental Biology (CABD-CSIC-Pablo de Olavide-University), 41013 Sevilla, Spain
| | - José Antonio Sánchez-Alcázar
- Andalusian Centre for Developmental Biology (CABD-CSIC-Pablo de Olavide-University), 41013 Sevilla, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-954978071
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22
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Galbiati M, Meroni M, Boido M, Cescon M, Rusmini P, Crippa V, Cristofani R, Piccolella M, Ferrari V, Tedesco B, Casarotto E, Chierichetti M, Cozzi M, Mina F, Cicardi ME, Pedretti S, Mitro N, Caretto A, Risè P, Sala A, Lieberman AP, Bonaldo P, Pennuto M, Vercelli A, Poletti A. Bicalutamide and Trehalose Ameliorate Spinal and Bulbar Muscular Atrophy Pathology in Mice. Neurotherapeutics 2023; 20:524-545. [PMID: 36717478 PMCID: PMC10121997 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-023-01343-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA) is characterized by motor neuron (MN) degeneration that leads to slowly progressive muscle weakness. It is considered a neuromuscular disease since muscle has a primary role in disease onset and progression. SBMA is caused by a CAG triplet repeat expansion in the androgen receptor (AR) gene. The translated poly-glutamine (polyQ) tract confers a toxic gain of function to the mutant AR altering its folding, causing its aggregation into intracellular inclusions, and impairing the autophagic flux. In an in vitro SBMA neuronal model, we previously showed that the antiandrogen bicalutamide and trehalose, a natural disaccharide stimulating autophagy, block ARpolyQ activation, reduce its nuclear translocation and toxicity and facilitate the autophagic degradation of cytoplasmic AR aggregates. Here, in a knock-in SBMA mouse model (KI AR113Q), we show that bicalutamide and trehalose ameliorated SBMA pathology. Bicalutamide reversed the formation of the AR insoluble forms in KI AR113Q muscle, preventing autophagic flux blockage. We demonstrated that apoptosis is activated in KI AR113Q muscle, and that both compounds prevented its activation. We detected a decrease of mtDNA and an increase of OXPHOS enzymes, already at early symptomatic stages; these alterations were reverted by trehalose. Overall, bicalutamide and/or trehalose led to a partial recovery of muscle morphology and function, and improved SBMA mouse motor behavior, inducing an extension of their survival. Thus, bicalutamide and trehalose, by counteracting ARpolyQ toxicity in skeletal muscle, are valuable candidates for future clinical trials in SBMA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariarita Galbiati
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari "Rodolfo Paoletti", Dipartimento di Eccellenza 2018-2027, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
| | - Marco Meroni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari "Rodolfo Paoletti", Dipartimento di Eccellenza 2018-2027, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Marina Boido
- Department of Neuroscience Rita Levi Montalcini, Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi, University of Turin, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Matilde Cescon
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Paola Rusmini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari "Rodolfo Paoletti", Dipartimento di Eccellenza 2018-2027, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Valeria Crippa
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari "Rodolfo Paoletti", Dipartimento di Eccellenza 2018-2027, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Riccardo Cristofani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari "Rodolfo Paoletti", Dipartimento di Eccellenza 2018-2027, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Margherita Piccolella
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari "Rodolfo Paoletti", Dipartimento di Eccellenza 2018-2027, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Veronica Ferrari
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari "Rodolfo Paoletti", Dipartimento di Eccellenza 2018-2027, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Barbara Tedesco
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari "Rodolfo Paoletti", Dipartimento di Eccellenza 2018-2027, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
- Unit of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Casarotto
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari "Rodolfo Paoletti", Dipartimento di Eccellenza 2018-2027, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Marta Chierichetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari "Rodolfo Paoletti", Dipartimento di Eccellenza 2018-2027, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Marta Cozzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari "Rodolfo Paoletti", Dipartimento di Eccellenza 2018-2027, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Mina
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari "Rodolfo Paoletti", Dipartimento di Eccellenza 2018-2027, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Elena Cicardi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari "Rodolfo Paoletti", Dipartimento di Eccellenza 2018-2027, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience, Vickie and Jack Farber Institute for Neuroscience, Weinberg ALS Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Silvia Pedretti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari "Rodolfo Paoletti", Dipartimento di Eccellenza 2018-2027, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Nico Mitro
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari "Rodolfo Paoletti", Dipartimento di Eccellenza 2018-2027, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Caretto
- Department of Neuroscience Rita Levi Montalcini, Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi, University of Turin, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Patrizia Risè
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Angelo Sala
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrew P Lieberman
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Paolo Bonaldo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Maria Pennuto
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Padua, Italy
| | - Alessandro Vercelli
- Department of Neuroscience Rita Levi Montalcini, Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi, University of Turin, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Angelo Poletti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari "Rodolfo Paoletti", Dipartimento di Eccellenza 2018-2027, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
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23
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Martinez-Gonzalez L, Martinez A. Emerging clinical investigational drugs for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2023; 32:141-160. [PMID: 36762798 DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2023.2178416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disorder caused by motoneuron death with a median survival time of 3-5 years since disease onset. There are no effective treatments to date. However, a variety of innovative investigational drugs and biological-based therapies are under clinical development. AREAS COVERED This review provides an overview of the clinical investigational small molecules as well as a brief summary of the biological-based therapies that are currently undergoing clinical trials for the treatment of ALS. All the data were obtained from ClinicalTrials.gov (registered through November 1). EXPERT OPINION Drug discovery for ALS is an active and evolving field, where many investigational clinical drugs are in different trials. There are several mechanisms of action supporting all these new therapies, although proteostasis is gaining stage. Probably, small orally bioavailable molecules able to recover functional TDP-43 homeostasis may have solid chances to modify ALS progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loreto Martinez-Gonzalez
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas "Margarita Salas"-CSIC, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Martinez
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas "Margarita Salas"-CSIC, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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24
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Panda C, Mahapatra RK. Bi-Directional Relationship Between Autophagy and Inflammasomes in Neurodegenerative Disorders. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2023; 43:115-137. [PMID: 35066716 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-021-01184-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The innate immune system, as the first line of cellular defense, triggers a protective response called inflammation when encountered with invading pathogens. Inflammasome is a multi-protein cytosolic signaling complex that induces inflammation and is critical for inflammation-induced pyroptotic cell death. Inflammasome activation has been found associated with neurodegenerative disorders (NDs), inflammatory diseases, and cancer. Autophagy is a crucial intracellular quality control and homeostasis process which removes the dysfunctional organelles, damaged proteins, and pathogens by sequestering the cytosolic components in a double-membrane vesicle, which eventually fuses with lysosome resulting in cargo degradation. Autophagy disruption has been observed in many NDs presented with persistent neuroinflammation and excessive inflammasome activation. An interplay between inflammation activation and the autophagy process has been realized over the last decade. In the case of NDs, autophagy regulates neuroinflammation load and cellular damage either by engulfing the misfolded protein deposits, dysfunctional mitochondria, or the inflammasome complex itself. A healthy two-way regulation between both cellular processes has been realized for cell survival and cell defense during inflammatory conditions. Therefore, clinical interest in the modulation of inflammasome activation by autophagy inducers is rapidly growing. In this review, we discuss the structural basis of inflammasome activation and the mechanistic ideas of the autophagy process in NDs. Along with comments on multiple ways of neuroinflammation regulation by microglial autophagy, we also present a perspective on pharmacological opportunities in this molecular interplay pertaining to NDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinmaya Panda
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751024, India
| | - Rajani Kanta Mahapatra
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751024, India.
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25
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Role of Nrf2 in aging, Alzheimer's and other neurodegenerative diseases. Ageing Res Rev 2022; 82:101756. [PMID: 36243357 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear Factor-Erythroid Factor 2 (Nrf2) is an important transcription factor that regulates the expression of large number of genes in healthy and disease states. Nrf2 is made up of 605 amino acids and contains 7 conserved regions known as Nrf2-ECH homology domains. Nrf2 regulates the expression of several key components of oxidative stress, mitochondrial biogenesis, mitophagy, autophagy and mitochondrial function in all organs of the human body, in the peripheral and central nervous systems. Mounting evidence also suggests that altered expression of Nrf2 is largely involved in aging, neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's diseases, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Stroke, Multiple sclerosis and others. The purpose of this article is to detail the essential role of Nrf2 in oxidative stress, antioxidative defense, detoxification, inflammatory responses, transcription factors, proteasomal and autophagic/mitophagic degradation, and metabolism in aging and neurodegenerative diseases. This article also highlights the Nrf2 structural and functional activities in healthy and disease states, and also discusses the current status of Nrf2 research and therapeutic strategies to treat aging and neurodegenerative diseases.
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26
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Jiang J, Wang Y, Deng M. New developments and opportunities in drugs being trialed for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis from 2020 to 2022. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1054006. [PMID: 36518658 PMCID: PMC9742490 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1054006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that primarily affects motor neurons in the brain and spinal cord. In the recent past, there have been just two drugs approved for treatment, riluzole and edaravone, which only prolong survival by a few months. However, there are many novel experimental drugs in development. In this review, we summarize 53 new drugs that have been evaluated in clinical trials from 2020 to 2022, which we have classified into eight mechanistic groups (anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory, anti-excitotoxicity, regulated integrated stress response, neurotrophic factors and neuroprotection, anti-aggregation, gene therapy and other). Six were tested in phase 1 studies, 31 were in phase 2 studies, three failed in phase 3 studies and stopped further development, and the remaining 13 drugs were being tested in phase 3 studies, including methylcobalamin, masitinib, MN-166, verdiperstat, memantine, AMX0035, trazodone, CNM-Au8, pridopidine, SLS-005, IONN363, tofersen, and reldesemtiv. Among them, five drugs, including methylcobalamin, masitinib, AMX0035, CNM-Au8, and tofersen, have shown potent therapeutic effects in clinical trials. Recently, AMX0035 has been the third medicine approved by the FDA for the treatment of ALS after riluzole and edaravone.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Min Deng
- Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
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27
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The Role of Mitophagy in Various Neurological Diseases as a Therapeutic Approach. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2022:10.1007/s10571-022-01302-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s10571-022-01302-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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28
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Chen A, Tapia H, Goddard JM, Gibney PA. Trehalose and its applications in the food industry. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2022; 21:5004-5037. [PMID: 36201393 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Trehalose is a nonreducing disaccharide composed of two glucose molecules linked by α, α-1,1-glycosidic bond. It is present in a wide variety of organisms, including bacteria, fungi, insects, plants, and invertebrate animals. Trehalose has distinct physical and chemical properties that have been investigated for their biological importance in a range of prokaryotic and eukaryotic species. Emerging research on trehalose has identified untapped opportunities for its application in the food, medical, pharmaceutical, and cosmetics industries. This review summarizes the chemical and biological properties of trehalose, its occurrence and metabolism in living organisms, its protective role in molecule stabilization, and natural and commercial production methods. Utilization of trehalose in the food industry, in particular how it stabilizes protein, fat, carbohydrate, and volatile compounds, is also discussed in depth. Challenges and opportunities of its application in specific applications (e.g., diagnostics, bioprocessing, ingredient technology) are described. We conclude with a discussion on the potential of leveraging the unique molecular properties of trehalose in molecular stabilization for improving the safety, quality, and sustainability of our food systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anqi Chen
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Hugo Tapia
- Biology Program, California State University - Channel Islands, Camarillo, California, USA
| | - Julie M Goddard
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Patrick A Gibney
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
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29
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Tedesco B, Ferrari V, Cozzi M, Chierichetti M, Casarotto E, Pramaggiore P, Mina F, Piccolella M, Cristofani R, Crippa V, Rusmini P, Galbiati M, Poletti A. The role of autophagy-lysosomal pathway in motor neuron diseases. Biochem Soc Trans 2022; 50:1489-1503. [PMID: 36111809 PMCID: PMC9704526 DOI: 10.1042/bst20220778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Motor neuron diseases (MNDs) include a broad group of diseases in which neurodegeneration mainly affects upper and/or lower motor neurons (MNs). Although the involvement of specific MNs, symptoms, age of onset, and progression differ in MNDs, the main pathogenic mechanism common to most MNDs is represented by proteostasis alteration and proteotoxicity. This pathomechanism may be directly related to mutations in genes encoding proteins involved in the protein quality control system, particularly the autophagy-lysosomal pathway (ALP). Alternatively, proteostasis alteration can be caused by aberrant proteins that tend to misfold and to aggregate, two related processes that, over time, cannot be properly handled by the ALP. Here, we summarize the main ALP features, focusing on different routes utilized to deliver substrates to the lysosome and how the various ALP pathways intersect with the intracellular trafficking of membranes and vesicles. Next, we provide an overview of the mutated genes that have been found associated with MNDs, how these gene products are involved in different steps of ALP and related processes. Finally, we discuss how autophagy can be considered a valid therapeutic target for MNDs treatment focusing on traditional autophagy modulators and on emerging approaches to overcome their limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Tedesco
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari (DiSFeB), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
- Unit of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Veronica Ferrari
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari (DiSFeB), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Marta Cozzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari (DiSFeB), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Marta Chierichetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari (DiSFeB), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Elena Casarotto
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari (DiSFeB), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Paola Pramaggiore
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari (DiSFeB), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Francesco Mina
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari (DiSFeB), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Margherita Piccolella
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari (DiSFeB), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Riccardo Cristofani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari (DiSFeB), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Valeria Crippa
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari (DiSFeB), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Paola Rusmini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari (DiSFeB), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Mariarita Galbiati
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari (DiSFeB), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Angelo Poletti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari (DiSFeB), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
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30
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The Role of Small Heat Shock Proteins in Protein Misfolding Associated Motoneuron Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911759. [PMID: 36233058 PMCID: PMC9569637 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Motoneuron diseases (MNDs) are neurodegenerative conditions associated with death of upper and/or lower motoneurons (MNs). Proteostasis alteration is a pathogenic mechanism involved in many MNDs and is due to the excessive presence of misfolded and aggregated proteins. Protein misfolding may be the product of gene mutations, or due to defects in the translation process, or to stress agents; all these conditions may alter the native conformation of proteins making them prone to aggregate. Alternatively, mutations in members of the protein quality control (PQC) system may determine a loss of function of the proteostasis network. This causes an impairment in the capability to handle and remove aberrant or damaged proteins. The PQC system consists of the degradative pathways, which are the autophagy and the proteasome, and a network of chaperones and co-chaperones. Among these components, Heat Shock Protein 70 represents the main factor in substrate triage to folding, refolding, or degradation, and it is assisted in this task by a subclass of the chaperone network, the small heat shock protein (sHSPs/HSPBs) family. HSPBs take part in proteostasis by bridging misfolded and aggregated proteins to the HSP70 machinery and to the degradative pathways, facilitating refolding or clearance of the potentially toxic proteins. Because of its activity against proteostasis alteration, the chaperone system plays a relevant role in the protection against proteotoxicity in MNDs. Here, we discuss the role of HSPBs in MNDs and which HSPBs may represent a valid target for therapeutic purposes.
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Deng Y, Feng Y, Lv Z, He J, Chen X, Wang C, Yuan M, Xu T, Gao W, Chen D, Zhu H, Hou D. Machine learning models identify ferroptosis-related genes as potential diagnostic biomarkers for Alzheimer’s disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:994130. [PMID: 36262887 PMCID: PMC9575464 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.994130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a complex, and multifactorial neurodegenerative disease. Previous studies have revealed that oxidative stress, synaptic toxicity, autophagy, and neuroinflammation play crucial roles in the progress of AD, however, its pathogenesis is still unclear. Recent researches have indicated that ferroptosis, an iron-dependent programmed cell death, might be involved in the pathogenesis of AD. Therefore, we aim to screen correlative ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs) in the progress of AD to clarify insights into the diagnostic value. Interestingly, we identified eight FRGs were significantly differentially expressed in AD patients. 10,044 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were finally identified by differential expression analysis. The following step was investigating the function of DEGs using gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). Weight gene correlation analysis was performed to explore ten modules and 104 hub genes. Subsequently, based on machine learning algorithms, we constructed diagnostic classifiers to select characteristic genes. Through the multivariable logistic regression analysis, five features (RAF1, NFKBIA, MOV10L1, IQGAP1, FOXO1) were then validated, which composed a diagnostic model of AD. Thus, our findings not only developed genetic diagnostics strategy, but set a direction for further study of the disease pathogenesis and therapy targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyao Deng
- Department of Rehabilitation, The First Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, China
| | - Yanjin Feng
- Department of Neurology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhicheng Lv
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First People’s Hospital of Chenzhou, Chenzhou, China
| | - Jinli He
- Department of Neurology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xun Chen
- Department of Neurology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Mingyang Yuan
- Department of Neurology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ting Xu
- Department of Neurology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wenzhe Gao
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Dongjie Chen
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hongwei Zhu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Deren Hou
- Department of Neurology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Deren Hou,
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Oh SJ, Lee MS. Role of Autophagy in the Pathogenesis of Diabetes and Therapeutic Potential of Autophagy Modulators in the Treatment of Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome. J Korean Med Sci 2022; 37:e276. [PMID: 36163475 PMCID: PMC9512677 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2022.37.e276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is critically involved in the maintenance of intracellular nutrient homeostasis and organelle function. Dysregulated autophagy is likely to play a role in the development of metabolic disorders and diabetes because autophagy is critical in the rejuvenation of dysfunctional or stressed endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria that play a crucial role in the development of diabetes. Indeed, systemic autophagy insufficiency led to the increased tissue lipid content, aggravated metabolic and finally more severe diabetes when metabolic stress was imposed, suggesting that autophagy insufficiency of dysfunction of lysosome, an effector organelle of autophagy, due to aging, genetic predisposition or environmental factors could be an underlying cause of diabetes. Conversely, autophagy enhancer could improve metabolic profile of obese mice by reducing tissue lipid content and ameliorating metabolic inflammation. Furthermore, clearance of human islet amyloid polypeptide (hIAPP) oligomer and amyloid that accumulate in pancreatic islets of > 90% of diabetes patients was also dependent on autophagy. Consistently, autophagy enhancer could improve glucose profile and β-cell function of transgenic mice expressing amyloidogenic hIAPP in pancreatic β-cells, which was accompanied by reduced accumulation of hIAPP oligomer or amyloid, ameliorated β-cell apoptosis and increased β-cell mass. These results suggest that autophagy enhancer could be a novel therapeutic modality against diabetes associated with lipid overload and human diabetes characterized by islet amyloid accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo-Jin Oh
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science and Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Myung-Shik Lee
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science and Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea.
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Fernandez MA, Bah F, Ma L, Lee Y, Schmidt M, Welch E, Morrow EM, Young-Pearse TL. Loss of endosomal exchanger NHE6 leads to pathological changes in tau in human neurons. Stem Cell Reports 2022; 17:2111-2126. [PMID: 36055242 PMCID: PMC9481919 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2022.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Disruption of endolysosomal and autophagy-lysosomal systems is increasingly implicated in neurodegeneration. Sodium-proton exchanger 6 (NHE6) contributes to the maintenance of proper endosomal pH, and loss-of function mutations in the X-linked NHE6 lead to Christianson syndrome (CS) in males. Neurodegenerative features of CS are increasingly recognized, with postmortem and clinical data implicating a role for tau. We generated cortical neurons from NHE6 knockout (KO) and isogenic wild-type control human induced pluripotent stem cells. We report elevated phosphorylated and sarkosyl-insoluble tau in NHE6 KO neurons. We demonstrate that NHE6 KO leads to lysosomal and autophagy dysfunction involving reduced lysosomal number and protease activity, diminished autophagic flux, and p62 accumulation. Finally, we show that treatment with trehalose or rapamycin, two enhancers of autophagy-lysosomal function, each partially rescue this tau phenotype. We provide insight into the neurodegenerative processes underlying NHE6 loss of function and into the broader role of the endosome-lysosome-autophagy network in neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marty A Fernandez
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Fatmata Bah
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Li Ma
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA; Center for Translational Neuroscience, Carney Institute for Brain Science and Brown Institute for Translational Science (BITS), Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - YouJin Lee
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA; Center for Translational Neuroscience, Carney Institute for Brain Science and Brown Institute for Translational Science (BITS), Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Michael Schmidt
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA; Center for Translational Neuroscience, Carney Institute for Brain Science and Brown Institute for Translational Science (BITS), Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Elizabeth Welch
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Eric M Morrow
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA; Center for Translational Neuroscience, Carney Institute for Brain Science and Brown Institute for Translational Science (BITS), Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA.
| | - Tracy L Young-Pearse
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Lu G, Wang Y, Shi Y, Zhang Z, Huang C, He W, Wang C, Shen H. Autophagy in health and disease: From molecular mechanisms to therapeutic target. MedComm (Beijing) 2022; 3:e150. [PMID: 35845350 PMCID: PMC9271889 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Macroautophagy/autophagy is an evolutionally conserved catabolic process in which cytosolic contents, such as aggregated proteins, dysfunctional organelle, or invading pathogens, are sequestered by the double-membrane structure termed autophagosome and delivered to lysosome for degradation. Over the past two decades, autophagy has been extensively studied, from the molecular mechanisms, biological functions, implications in various human diseases, to development of autophagy-related therapeutics. This review will focus on the latest development of autophagy research, covering molecular mechanisms in control of autophagosome biogenesis and autophagosome-lysosome fusion, and the upstream regulatory pathways including the AMPK and MTORC1 pathways. We will also provide a systematic discussion on the implication of autophagy in various human diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative disorders (Alzheimer disease, Parkinson disease, Huntington's disease, and Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis), metabolic diseases (obesity and diabetes), viral infection especially SARS-Cov-2 and COVID-19, cardiovascular diseases (cardiac ischemia/reperfusion and cardiomyopathy), and aging. Finally, we will also summarize the development of pharmacological agents that have therapeutic potential for clinical applications via targeting the autophagy pathway. It is believed that decades of hard work on autophagy research is eventually to bring real and tangible benefits for improvement of human health and control of human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Lu
- Department of Physiology, Zhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic MedicineSichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for BiotherapyChengduChina
| | - Yin Shi
- Department of BiochemistryZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Zhe Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic MedicineSichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for BiotherapyChengduChina
| | - Canhua Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic MedicineSichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for BiotherapyChengduChina
| | - Weifeng He
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn ResearchSouthwest HospitalArmy Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Chuang Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Provincial Key Laboratory of PathophysiologyNingbo University School of MedicineNingboZhejiangChina
| | - Han‐Ming Shen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ministry of Education Frontiers Science Center for Precision OncologyUniversity of MacauMacauChina
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Ohashi M, Lee SI, Eto T, Uotsu N, Tarumizu C, Matsuoka S, Yasuo S, Higuchi S. Intake of l-serine before bedtime prevents the delay of the circadian phase in real life. J Physiol Anthropol 2022; 41:31. [PMID: 36028887 PMCID: PMC9413878 DOI: 10.1186/s40101-022-00306-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background It has been shown in laboratory experiments using human subjects that ingestion of the non-essential amino acid l-serine before bedtime enhances the advance of circadian phase induced by light exposure the next morning. In the present study, we tested the effect of ingestion of l-serine before bedtime on circadian phase in real life and whether its effect depends on the initial circadian phase. Methods The subjects were 33 healthy male and female university students and they were divided into an l-serine group (n = 16) and a placebo group (n = 17). This study was conducted in a double-blind manner in autumn and winter. After a baseline period for 1 week, the subjects took 3.0 g of l-serine or a placebo 30 min before bedtime for 2 weeks. Saliva was collected twice a week at home every hour under a dim light condition from 20:00 to 1 h after habitual bedtime. Dim light melatonin onset (DLMO) was used as an index of phase of the circadian rhythm. Results DLMO after intervention was significantly delayed compared to the baseline DLMO in the placebo group (p = 0.02) but not in the l-serine group. There was a significant difference in the amount of changes in DLMO between the two groups (p = 0.04). There were no significant changes in sleeping habits after intervention in the two groups. There were significant positive correlations between advance of DLMO and DLMO before intervention in the l-serine group (r = 0.53, p < 0.05) and the placebo group (r = 0.69, p < 0.01). There was no significant difference in the slopes of regression lines between the two groups (p = 0.71), but the intercept in the l-serine group was significantly higher than that in the placebo group (p < 0.01). The levels of light exposure were not significantly different between the two groups. Conclusions Our findings suggest that intake of l-serine before bedtime for multiple days might attenuate the circadian phase delay in the real world and that this effect does not depend on the initial circadian phase. Trial registration This study is registered with University Hospital Medical Information Network in Japan (UMIN000024435. Registered on October 17, 2016).
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Trist BG, Fifita JA, Hogan A, Grima N, Smith B, Troakes C, Vance C, Shaw C, Al-Sarraj S, Blair IP, Double KL. Co-deposition of SOD1, TDP-43 and p62 proteinopathies in ALS: evidence for multifaceted pathways underlying neurodegeneration. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2022; 10:122. [PMID: 36008843 PMCID: PMC9404564 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-022-01421-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple neurotoxic proteinopathies co-exist within vulnerable neuronal populations in all major neurodegenerative diseases. Interactions between these pathologies may modulate disease progression, suggesting they may constitute targets for disease-modifying treatments aiming to slow or halt neurodegeneration. Pairwise interactions between superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) and ubiquitin-binding protein 62/sequestosome 1 (p62) proteinopathies have been reported in multiple transgenic cellular and animal models of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), however corresponding examination of these relationships in patient tissues is lacking. Further, the coalescence of all three proteinopathies has not been studied in vitro or in vivo to date. These data are essential to guide therapeutic development and enhance the translation of relevant therapies into the clinic. Our group recently profiled SOD1 proteinopathy in post-mortem spinal cord tissues from familial and sporadic ALS cases, demonstrating an abundance of structurally-disordered (dis)SOD1 conformers which become mislocalized within these vulnerable neurons compared with those of aged controls. To explore any relationships between this, and other, ALS-linked proteinopathies, we profiled TDP-43 and p62 within spinal cord motor neurons of the same post-mortem tissue cohort using multiplexed immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry. We identified distinct patterns of SOD1, TDP43 and p62 co-deposition and subcellular mislocalization between motor neurons of familial and sporadic ALS cases, which we primarily attribute to SOD1 gene status. Our data demonstrate co-deposition of p62 with mutant and wild-type disSOD1 and phosphorylated TDP-43 in familial and sporadic ALS spinal cord motor neurons, consistent with attempts by p62 to mitigate SOD1 and TDP-43 deposition. Wild-type SOD1 and TDP-43 co-deposition was also frequently observed in ALS cases lacking SOD1 mutations. Finally, alterations to the subcellular localization of the three proteins were tightly correlated, suggesting close relationships between the regulatory mechanisms governing the subcellular compartmentalization of these proteins. Our study is the first to profile spatial relationships between SOD1, TDP-43 and p62 pathologies in post-mortem spinal cord motor neurons of ALS patients, previously only studied in vitro. Our findings suggest interactions between these three key ALS-linked proteins are likely to modulate the formation of their respective proteinopathies, and perhaps the rate of motor neuron degeneration, in ALS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin G Trist
- Brain and Mind Centre and School of Medical Sciences (Neuroscience), Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
| | - Jennifer A Fifita
- Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Alison Hogan
- Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Natalie Grima
- Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Bradley Smith
- Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute and the Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, Camberwell, London, SE5 9RT, UK
| | - Claire Troakes
- London Neurodegenerative Diseases Brain Bank, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Caroline Vance
- Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute and the Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, Camberwell, London, SE5 9RT, UK
| | - Christopher Shaw
- Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute and the Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, Camberwell, London, SE5 9RT, UK
| | - Safa Al-Sarraj
- London Neurodegenerative Diseases Brain Bank, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Ian P Blair
- Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kay L Double
- Brain and Mind Centre and School of Medical Sciences (Neuroscience), Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
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Lee J, Kim SJ, Choi GE, Yi E, Park HJ, Choi WS, Jang YJ, Kim HS. Sweet taste receptor agonists attenuate macrophage IL-1β expression and eosinophilic inflammation linked to autophagy deficiency in myeloid cells. Clin Transl Med 2022; 12:e1021. [PMID: 35988262 PMCID: PMC9393075 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eosinophilic inflammation is a hallmark of refractory chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and considered a major therapeutic target. Autophagy deficiency in myeloid cells plays a causal role in eosinophilic CRS (ECRS) via macrophage IL-1β overproduction, thereby suggesting autophagy regulation as a potential therapeutic modality. Trehalose is a disaccharide sugar with known pro-autophagy activity and effective in alleviating diverse inflammatory diseases. We sought to investigate the therapeutic potential of autophagy-enhancing agent, trehalose, or related sugar compounds, and the underlying mechanism focusing on macrophage IL-1β production in ECRS pathogenesis. METHODS We investigated the therapeutic effects of trehalose and saccharin on macrophage IL-1β production and eosinophilia in the mouse model of ECRS with myeloid cell-specific autophagy-related gene 7 (Atg7) deletion. The mechanisms underlying their anti-inflammatory effects were assessed using specific inhibitor, genetic knockdown or knockout, and overexpression of cognate receptors. RESULTS Unexpectedly, trehalose significantly attenuated eosinophilia and disease pathogenesis in ECRS mice caused by autophagy deficiency in myeloid cells. This autophagy-independent effect was associated with reduced macrophage IL-1β expression. Various sugars recapitulated the anti-inflammatory effect of trehalose, and saccharin was particularly effective amongst other sugars. The mechanistic study revealed an involvement of sweet taste receptor (STR), especially T1R3, in alleviating macrophage IL-1β production and eosinophilia in CRS, which was supported by genetic depletion of T1R3 or overexpression of T1R2/T1R3 in macrophages and treatment with the T1R3 antagonist gurmarin. CONCLUSION Our results revealed a previously unappreciated anti-inflammatory effect of STR agonists, particularly trehalose and saccharin, and may provide an alternative strategy to autophagy modulation in the ECRS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinju Lee
- Department of Biomedical SciencesAsan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulKorea
| | - So Jeong Kim
- Department of Biomedical SciencesAsan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulKorea
| | - Go Eun Choi
- Department of Biomedical SciencesAsan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulKorea
- Department of Clinical Laboratory ScienceCatholic University of PusanBusanKorea
| | - Eunbi Yi
- Department of Biomedical SciencesAsan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulKorea
| | - Hyo Jin Park
- Department of Biomedical SciencesAsan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulKorea
| | - Woo Seon Choi
- Department of Biomedical SciencesAsan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulKorea
| | - Yong Ju Jang
- Department of OtolaryngologyAsan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulKorea
| | - Hun Sik Kim
- Department of Biomedical SciencesAsan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulKorea
- Department of MicrobiologyAsan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulKorea
- Stem Cell Immunomodulation Research Center (SCIRC)Asan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulKorea
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Pupyshev AB, Klyushnik TP, Akopyan AA, Singh SK, Tikhonova MA. Disaccharide Trehalose in Experimental Therapies for Neurodegenerative Disorders: Molecular Targets and Translational Potential. Pharmacol Res 2022; 183:106373. [PMID: 35907433 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Induction of autophagy is a prospective approach to the treatment of neurodegeneration. In the recent decade, trehalose attracted special attention. It is an autophagy inducer with negligible adverse effects and is approved for use in humans according to FDA requirements. Trehalose has a therapeutic effect in various experimental models of diseases. This glucose disaccharide with a flexible α-1-1'-glycosidic bond has unique properties: induction of mTOR-independent autophagy (with kinase AMPK as the main target) and a chaperone-like effect on proteins imparting them natural spatial structure. Thus, it can reduce the accumulation of neurotoxic aberrant/misfolded proteins. Trehalose has an anti-inflammatory effect and inhibits detrimental oxidative stress partially owing to the enhancement of endogenous antioxidant defense represented by the Nrf2 protein. The disaccharide activates lysosome and autophagosome biogenesis pathways through the protein factors TFEB and FOXO1. Here we review various mechanisms of the neuroprotective action of trehalose and touch on the possibility of pleiotropic effects. Current knowledge about specific features of trehalose pharmacodynamics is discussed. The neuroprotective effects of trehalose in animal models of major neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Huntington's diseases are examined too. Attention is given to translational transition to clinical trials of this drug, especially oral and parenteral routes of administration. Besides, the possibility of enhancing the therapeutic benefit via a combination of mTOR-dependent and mTOR-independent autophagy inducers is analyzed. In general, trehalose appears to be a promising multitarget tool for the inhibition of experimental neurodegeneration and requires thorough investigation of its clinical capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander B Pupyshev
- Scientific Research Institute of Neurosciences and Medicine (SRINM); Timakova Str. 4, Novosibirsk 630117, Russia.
| | - Tatyana P Klyushnik
- Mental Health Research Center, Kashirskoye shosse 34, Moscow 115522, Russia.
| | - Anna A Akopyan
- Scientific Research Institute of Neurosciences and Medicine (SRINM); Timakova Str. 4, Novosibirsk 630117, Russia.
| | - Sandeep Kumar Singh
- Indian Scientific Education and Technology Foundation, Krishna Bhawan, 594 Kha/123, Shahinoor Colony, Nilmatha, Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow 226002, India.
| | - Maria A Tikhonova
- Scientific Research Institute of Neurosciences and Medicine (SRINM); Timakova Str. 4, Novosibirsk 630117, Russia.
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Hayes LR, Kalab P. Emerging Therapies and Novel Targets for TDP-43 Proteinopathy in ALS/FTD. Neurotherapeutics 2022; 19:1061-1084. [PMID: 35790708 PMCID: PMC9587158 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-022-01260-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear clearance and cytoplasmic mislocalization of the essential RNA binding protein, TDP-43, is a pathologic hallmark of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, frontotemporal dementia, and related neurodegenerative disorders collectively termed "TDP-43 proteinopathies." TDP-43 mislocalization causes neurodegeneration through both loss and gain of function mechanisms. Loss of TDP-43 nuclear RNA processing function destabilizes the transcriptome by multiple mechanisms including disruption of pre-mRNA splicing, the failure of repression of cryptic exons, and retrotransposon activation. The accumulation of cytoplasmic TDP-43, which is prone to aberrant liquid-liquid phase separation and aggregation, traps TDP-43 in the cytoplasm and disrupts a host of downstream processes including the trafficking of RNA granules, local translation within axons, and mitochondrial function. In this review, we will discuss the TDP-43 therapy development pipeline, beginning with therapies in current and upcoming clinical trials, which are primarily focused on accelerating the clearance of TDP-43 aggregates. Then, we will look ahead to emerging strategies from preclinical studies, first from high-throughput genetic and pharmacologic screens, and finally from mechanistic studies focused on the upstream cause(s) of TDP-43 disruption in ALS/FTD. These include modulation of stress granule dynamics, TDP-43 nucleocytoplasmic shuttling, RNA metabolism, and correction of aberrant splicing events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey R Hayes
- Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Dept. of Neurology, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Petr Kalab
- Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Pan S, Guo S, Dai J, Gu Y, Wang G, Wang Y, Qin Z, Luo L. Trehalose ameliorates autophagy dysregulation in aged cortex and acts as an exercise mimetic to delay brain aging in elderly mice. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2022.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Cozzi M, Ferrari V. Autophagy Dysfunction in ALS: from Transport to Protein Degradation. J Mol Neurosci 2022; 72:1456-1481. [PMID: 35708843 PMCID: PMC9293831 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-022-02029-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease affecting upper and lower motor neurons (MNs). Since the identification of the first ALS mutation in 1993, more than 40 genes have been associated with the disorder. The most frequent genetic causes of ALS are represented by mutated genes whose products challenge proteostasis, becoming unable to properly fold and consequently aggregating into inclusions that impose proteotoxic stress on affected cells. In this context, increasing evidence supports the central role played by autophagy dysfunctions in the pathogenesis of ALS. Indeed, in early stages of disease, high levels of proteins involved in autophagy are present in ALS MNs; but at the same time, with neurodegeneration progression, autophagy-mediated degradation decreases, often as a result of the accumulation of toxic protein aggregates in affected cells. Autophagy is a complex multistep pathway that has a central role in maintaining cellular homeostasis. Several proteins are involved in its tight regulation, and importantly a relevant fraction of ALS-related genes encodes products that directly take part in autophagy, further underlining the relevance of this key protein degradation system in disease onset and progression. In this review, we report the most relevant findings concerning ALS genes whose products are involved in the several steps of the autophagic pathway, from phagophore formation to autophagosome maturation and transport and finally to substrate degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Cozzi
- Dipartimento Di Scienze Farmacologiche E Biomolecolari, Università Degli Studi Di Milano, 20133, Milan, Italy.
| | - Veronica Ferrari
- Dipartimento Di Scienze Farmacologiche E Biomolecolari, Università Degli Studi Di Milano, 20133, Milan, Italy.
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Shu B, Wan J, Li X, Liu R, Xu C, An Y, Chen J. Preconditioning with Trehalose Protects the Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Under Oxidative Stress and Enhances the Stem Cell-Based Therapy for Cerebral Ischemic Stroke. Cell Reprogram 2022; 24:118-131. [PMID: 35647904 DOI: 10.1089/cell.2022.0037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) transplantation has emerged as a potential treatment for ischemic stroke. Preconditioning with pharmacological agents before cell transplantation has been shown to increase the efficiency of cell therapy. In this study, trehalose (Tre), an autophagy inducer, was used as a pharmacological agent to treat BMSCs, and the neuroprotective effect of BMSCs preconditioned with Tre on cerebral ischemia was assessed. BMSCs were treated in vitro with different concentrations of Tre. Immunofluorescence staining of LC3B was performed to detect autophagy, and Western blotting for LC3, Beclin1, p-AMPK, and p-mTOR was performed. Flow cytometry and Western blotting analysis were performed to measure cell apoptosis in the presence of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to test the secretion levels of neurotrophic factors. An in vivo ischemia/reperfusion model was generated by middle cerebral artery occlusion in male Sprague Dawley rats, and Tre-preconditioned BMSCs were administered intralesionally 24 hours after ischemic injury. Histopathological examination and neurological function studies were conducted. In vitro, Tre promotes autophagy of BMSCs through the activation of the AMPK signal pathway. Tre protected BMSCs from H2O2-induced cell viability reduction and apoptosis. Moreover, Tre pretreatment increased the secretion of brain-derived neurotrophic factor, vascular endothelial growth factor, and hepatocyte growth factor. In vivo, preconditioning with Tre could further enhance the survival of BMSCs, reduce infarct size, alleviate cell apoptosis, abate vessel decrease, and ultimately improve functional recovery. Our study indicates that Tre can enhance the survival of BMSCs under oxidative stress and enhance BMSC-based treatment of ischemia/reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Shu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jingjing Wan
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Raynald Liu
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chengshi Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yihua An
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jingcao Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Wada SI, Arimura H, Nagayoshi M, Sawa R, Kubota Y, Matoba K, Hayashi C, Shibuya Y, Hatano M, Takehana Y, Ohba SI, Kobayashi Y, Watanabe T, Shibasaki M, Igarashi M. Rediscovery of 4-Trehalosamine as a Biologically Stable, Mass-Producible, and Chemically Modifiable Trehalose Analog. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2022; 6:e2101309. [PMID: 35297567 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202101309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Nonreducing disaccharide trehalose is used as a stabilizer and humectant in various products and is a potential medicinal drug, showing curative effects on the animal models of various diseases. However, its use is limited as it is hydrolyzed by trehalase, a widely expressed enzyme in multiple organisms. Several trehalose analogs are prepared, including a microbial metabolite 4-trehalosamine, and their high biological stability is confirmed. For further analysis, 4-trehalosamine is selected as it shows high producibility. Compared with trehalose, 4-trehalosamine exhibits better or comparable protective activities and a high buffer capacity around the neutral pH. Another advantage of 4-trehalosamine is its chemical modifiability: simple reactions produce its various derivatives. Labeled probes and detergents are synthesized in one-pot reactions to exemplify the feasibility of their production, and their utility is confirmed for their respective applications. The labeled probes are used for mycobacterial staining. Although the derivative detergents can be effectively used in membrane protein research, long-chain detergents show 1000-3000-fold stronger autophagy-inducing activity in cultured cells than trehalose and are expected to become a drug lead and research reagent. These results indicate that 4-trehalosamine is a useful trehalose substitute for various purposes and a material to produce new useful derivative substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun-Ichi Wada
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), 3-14-23, Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 141-0021, Japan
| | - Honami Arimura
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), 3-14-23, Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 141-0021, Japan
| | - Miho Nagayoshi
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), 3-14-23, Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 141-0021, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Sawa
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), 3-14-23, Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 141-0021, Japan
| | - Yumiko Kubota
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), 3-14-23, Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 141-0021, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Matoba
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), 3-14-23, Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 141-0021, Japan
| | - Chigusa Hayashi
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), 3-14-23, Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 141-0021, Japan
| | - Yuko Shibuya
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), 3-14-23, Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 141-0021, Japan
| | - Masaki Hatano
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), 3-14-23, Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 141-0021, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Takehana
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), 3-14-23, Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 141-0021, Japan
| | - Shun-Ichi Ohba
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), 3-14-23, Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 141-0021, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Kobayashi
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), 3-14-23, Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 141-0021, Japan
| | - Takumi Watanabe
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), 3-14-23, Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 141-0021, Japan
| | - Masakatsu Shibasaki
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), 3-14-23, Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 141-0021, Japan
| | - Masayuki Igarashi
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), 3-14-23, Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 141-0021, Japan
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44
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Moon SH, Kwon Y, Huh YE, Choi HJ. Trehalose ameliorates prodromal non-motor deficits and aberrant protein accumulation in a rotenone-induced mouse model of Parkinson's disease. Arch Pharm Res 2022; 45:417-432. [PMID: 35618982 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-022-01386-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Trehalose has been recently revealed as an attractive candidate to prevent and modify Parkinson's disease (PD) progression by regulating autophagy; however, studies have only focused on the reduction of motor symptoms rather than the modulation of disease course from prodromal stage. This study aimed to evaluate whether trehalose has a disease-modifying effect at the prodromal stage before the onset of a motor deficit in 8-week-old male C57BL/6 mice exposed to rotenone. We found significant decrease in tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactivity in the substantia nigra and motor dysfunction after 2 weeks rotenone treatment. Mice exposed to rotenone for a week showed an accumulation of protein aggregates in the brain and prodromal non-motor deficits, such as depression and olfactory dysfunction, prior to motor deficits. Trehalose significantly improved olfactory dysfunction and depressive-like behaviors and markedly reduced α-synuclein and p62 deposition in the brain. Trehalose further ameliorated motor impairment and loss of nigral tyrosine hydroxylase-positive cells in rotenone-treated mice. We demonstrated that prodromal non-motor signs in a rotenone-induced PD mouse model are associated with protein aggregate accumulation in the brain and that an autophagy inducer could be valuable to prevent PD progression from prodromal stage by regulating abnormal protein accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soung Hee Moon
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, CHA University, Pocheon, Gyeonggi-do, 11160, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonjung Kwon
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, CHA University, Pocheon, Gyeonggi-do, 11160, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Eun Huh
- Department of Neurology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, 13488, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyun Jin Choi
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, CHA University, Pocheon, Gyeonggi-do, 11160, Republic of Korea.
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45
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Calabrese G, Molzahn C, Mayor T. Protein interaction networks in neurodegenerative diseases: from physiological function to aggregation. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102062. [PMID: 35623389 PMCID: PMC9234719 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The accumulation of protein inclusions is linked to many neurodegenerative diseases that typically develop in older individuals, due to a combination of genetic and environmental factors. In rare familial neurodegenerative disorders, genes encoding for aggregation-prone proteins are often mutated. While the underlying mechanism leading to these diseases still remains to be fully elucidated, efforts in the past 20 years revealed a vast network of protein–protein interactions that play a major role in regulating the aggregation of key proteins associated with neurodegeneration. Misfolded proteins that can oligomerize and form insoluble aggregates associate with molecular chaperones and other elements of the proteolytic machineries that are the frontline workers attempting to protect the cells by promoting clearance and preventing aggregation. Proteins that are normally bound to aggregation-prone proteins can become sequestered and mislocalized in protein inclusions, leading to their loss of function. In contrast, mutations, posttranslational modifications, or misfolding of aggregation-prone proteins can lead to gain of function by inducing novel or altered protein interactions, which in turn can impact numerous essential cellular processes and organelles, such as vesicle trafficking and the mitochondria. This review examines our current knowledge of protein–protein interactions involving several key aggregation-prone proteins that are associated with Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. We aim to provide an overview of the protein interaction networks that play a central role in driving or mitigating inclusion formation, while highlighting some of the key proteomic studies that helped to uncover the extent of these networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaetano Calabrese
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, V6T 1Z4 Vancouver BC, Canada.
| | - Cristen Molzahn
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, V6T 1Z4 Vancouver BC, Canada
| | - Thibault Mayor
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, V6T 1Z4 Vancouver BC, Canada.
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46
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Hu L, Mao S, Lin L, Bai G, Liu B, Mao J. Stress granules in the spinal muscular atrophy and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: The correlation and promising therapy. Neurobiol Dis 2022; 170:105749. [PMID: 35568100 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2022.105749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing genetic and biochemical evidence has broadened our view of the pathomechanisms that lead to Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) and Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), two fatal neurodegenerative diseases with similar symptoms and causes. Stress granules are dynamic cytosolic storage hubs for mRNAs in response to stress exposures, that are evolutionarily conserved cytoplasmic RNA granules in somatic cells. A lot of previous studies have shown that the impaired stress granules are crucial events in SMA/ALS pathogenesis. In this review, we described the key stress granules related RNA binding proteins (SMN, TDP-43, and FUS) involved in SMA/ALS, summarized the reported mutations in these RNA binding proteins involved in SMA/ALS pathogenesis, and discussed the mechanisms through which stress granules dynamics participate in the diseases. Meanwhile, we described the applications and limitation of current therapies targeting SMA/ALS. We futher proposed the promising targets on stress granules in the future therapeutic interventions of SMA/ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- LiDan Hu
- the Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou 310052, China.
| | - Shanshan Mao
- the Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou 310052, China
| | - Li Lin
- the Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou 310052, China
| | - Guannan Bai
- the Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou 310052, China
| | - Bingjie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jianhua Mao
- the Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou 310052, China
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47
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Cai L, Yoon JD, Hwang SU, Lee J, Kim E, Kim M, Hyun SY, Choi H, Oh D, Jeon Y, Hyun SH. Exploring the mechanism of trehalose: dual functions of PI3K/Akt and VPS34/mTOR pathways in porcine oocytes and cumulus cells†. Biol Reprod 2022; 107:432-445. [PMID: 35348612 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioac060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy, an intracellular recycling system, is essential for the meiotic maturation of porcine oocytes. Multiple studies, sought to reveal the precise mechanism employed, commonly used autophagy inducers, such as rapamycin, which is a mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor. However, it has a limitation as mTOR plays various roles in cell growth and metabolism beyond autophagy. Trehalose has been reported as a novel mTOR-independent autophagy inducer in many cells. Furthermore, our previous study demonstrated that trehalose supplementation during in vitro maturation of porcine oocytes improves the developmental competence of parthenogenetic embryos possibly via autophagic activation, whereas the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Therefore, the aim of this study was to address this issue. In this study, we found that trehalose plays a role as an autophagy activator by autophagic flux assay and determined that it promotes PI3K/Akt inhibition and VPS34/mTOR activation by immunoblotting, both in cumulus cells (CCs) and oocytes. However, it is interesting to note that these effects caused by trehalose were worked totally varying between CCs and oocytes. In CCs, the autophagy was activated through the improvement of lysosomal function/autophagic clearance viability by upregulation of coordinated lysosomal expression and regulation genes via PI3K/Akt inhibition. Whereas in oocytes, autophagy was activated via VPS34 induction which directly influences autophagosome formation, and the precise meiotic process was ensured via Akt inhibition and mTOR activation. Taken together, this study provided evidence that trehalose could be used as an autophagy inductor during porcine oocyte maturation based on the revealed mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lian Cai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, South Korea.,Institute for Stem cell & Regenerative Medicine (ISCRM), Chungbuk National University, Chengju 28644, Republic of Korea.,Graduate School of Veterinary Biosecurity and Protection, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Junchul David Yoon
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, South Korea.,Institute for Stem cell & Regenerative Medicine (ISCRM), Chungbuk National University, Chengju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon-Ung Hwang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, South Korea.,Institute for Stem cell & Regenerative Medicine (ISCRM), Chungbuk National University, Chengju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Joohyeong Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, South Korea.,Institute for Stem cell & Regenerative Medicine (ISCRM), Chungbuk National University, Chengju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunhye Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, South Korea.,Graduate School of Veterinary Biosecurity and Protection, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Mirae Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, South Korea.,Institute for Stem cell & Regenerative Medicine (ISCRM), Chungbuk National University, Chengju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Saang-Yoon Hyun
- College of Fisheries Sciences, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyerin Choi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, South Korea.,Institute for Stem cell & Regenerative Medicine (ISCRM), Chungbuk National University, Chengju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongjin Oh
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, South Korea.,Institute for Stem cell & Regenerative Medicine (ISCRM), Chungbuk National University, Chengju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Yubyeol Jeon
- Department of Theriogenology and Reproductive Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-safety Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hwan Hyun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, South Korea.,Institute for Stem cell & Regenerative Medicine (ISCRM), Chungbuk National University, Chengju 28644, Republic of Korea.,Graduate School of Veterinary Biosecurity and Protection, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
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48
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Jetto CT, Nambiar A, Manjithaya R. Mitophagy and Neurodegeneration: Between the Knowns and the Unknowns. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:837337. [PMID: 35392168 PMCID: PMC8981085 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.837337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Macroautophagy (henceforth autophagy) an evolutionary conserved intracellular pathway, involves lysosomal degradation of damaged and superfluous cytosolic contents to maintain cellular homeostasis. While autophagy was initially perceived as a bulk degradation process, a surfeit of studies in the last 2 decades has revealed that it can also be selective in choosing intracellular constituents for degradation. In addition to the core autophagy machinery, these selective autophagy pathways comprise of distinct molecular players that are involved in the capture of specific cargoes. The diverse organelles that are degraded by selective autophagy pathways are endoplasmic reticulum (ERphagy), lysosomes (lysophagy), mitochondria (mitophagy), Golgi apparatus (Golgiphagy), peroxisomes (pexophagy) and nucleus (nucleophagy). Among these, the main focus of this review is on the selective autophagic pathway involved in mitochondrial turnover called mitophagy. The mitophagy pathway encompasses diverse mechanisms involving a complex interplay of a multitude of proteins that confers the selective recognition of damaged mitochondria and their targeting to degradation via autophagy. Mitophagy is triggered by cues that signal the mitochondrial damage such as disturbances in mitochondrial fission-fusion dynamics, mitochondrial membrane depolarisation, enhanced ROS production, mtDNA damage as well as developmental cues such as erythrocyte maturation, removal of paternal mitochondria, cardiomyocyte maturation and somatic cell reprogramming. As research on the mechanistic aspects of this complex pathway is progressing, emerging roles of new players such as the NIPSNAP proteins, Miro proteins and ER-Mitochondria contact sites (ERMES) are being explored. Although diverse aspects of this pathway are being investigated in depth, several outstanding questions such as distinct molecular players of basal mitophagy, selective dominance of a particular mitophagy adapter protein over the other in a given physiological condition, molecular mechanism of how specific disease mutations affect this pathway remain to be addressed. In this review, we aim to give an overview with special emphasis on molecular and signalling pathways of mitophagy and its dysregulation in neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuckoo Teresa Jetto
- Autophagy Laboratory, Molecular Biology and Genetics Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bengaluru, India
| | - Akshaya Nambiar
- Autophagy Laboratory, Molecular Biology and Genetics Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bengaluru, India
| | - Ravi Manjithaya
- Autophagy Laboratory, Molecular Biology and Genetics Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bengaluru, India
- Neuroscience Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bengaluru, India
- *Correspondence: Ravi Manjithaya,
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49
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Heckel E, Cagnone G, Agnihotri T, Cakir B, Das A, Kim JS, Kim N, Lavoie G, Situ A, Pundir S, Sun Y, Wünnemann F, Pierce KA, Dennis C, Mitchell GA, Chemtob S, Rezende FA, Andelfinger G, Clish CB, Roux PP, Sapieha P, Smith LE, Joyal JS. Triglyceride-derived fatty acids reduce autophagy in a model of retinal angiomatous proliferation. JCI Insight 2022; 7:e154174. [PMID: 35167498 PMCID: PMC8986067 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.154174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Dyslipidemia and autophagy have been implicated in the pathogenesis of blinding neovascular age-related macular degeneration (NV-AMD). VLDL receptor (VLDLR), expressed in photoreceptors with a high metabolic rate, facilitates the uptake of triglyceride-derived fatty acids. Since fatty acid uptake is reduced in Vldlr-/- tissues, more remain in circulation, and the retina is fuel deficient, driving the formation in mice of neovascular lesions reminiscent of retinal angiomatous proliferation (RAP), a subtype of NV-AMD. Nutrient scarcity and energy failure are classically mitigated by increasing autophagy. We found that excess circulating lipids restrained retinal autophagy, which contributed to pathological angiogenesis in the Vldlr-/- RAP model. Triglyceride-derived fatty acid sensed by free fatty acid receptor 1 (FFAR1) restricted autophagy and oxidative metabolism in photoreceptors. FFAR1 suppressed transcription factor EB (TFEB), a master regulator of autophagy and lipid metabolism. Reduced TFEB, in turn, decreased sirtuin-3 expression and mitochondrial respiration. Metabolomic signatures of mouse RAP-like retinas were consistent with a role in promoting angiogenesis. This signature was also found in human NV-AMD vitreous. Restoring photoreceptor autophagy in Vldlr-/- retinas, either pharmacologically or by deleting Ffar1, enhanced metabolic efficiency and suppressed pathological angiogenesis. Dysregulated autophagy by circulating lipids might therefore contribute to the energy failure of photoreceptors driving neovascular eye diseases, and FFAR1 may be a target for intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Heckel
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Gael Cagnone
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Tapan Agnihotri
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Bertan Cakir
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ashim Das
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jin Sung Kim
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Nicholas Kim
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Geneviève Lavoie
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), and
| | - Anu Situ
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sheetal Pundir
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ye Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Florian Wünnemann
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Kerry A. Pierce
- Metabolomics Platform, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Courtney Dennis
- Metabolomics Platform, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Grant A. Mitchell
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sylvain Chemtob
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Flavio A. Rezende
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Gregor Andelfinger
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Clary B. Clish
- Metabolomics Platform, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Philippe P. Roux
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), and
| | - Przemyslaw Sapieha
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Lois E.H. Smith
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jean-Sébastien Joyal
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Eshraghi M, Ahmadi M, Afshar S, Lorzadeh S, Adlimoghaddam A, Rezvani Jalal N, West R, Dastghaib S, Igder S, Torshizi SRN, Mahmoodzadeh A, Mokarram P, Madrakian T, Albensi BC, Łos MJ, Ghavami S, Pecic S. Enhancing autophagy in Alzheimer's disease through drug repositioning. Pharmacol Ther 2022; 237:108171. [PMID: 35304223 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the biggest human health threats due to increases in aging of the global population. Unfortunately, drugs for treating AD have been largely ineffective. Interestingly, downregulation of macroautophagy (autophagy) plays an essential role in AD pathogenesis. Therefore, targeting autophagy has drawn considerable attention as a therapeutic approach for the treatment of AD. However, developing new therapeutics is time-consuming and requires huge investments. One of the strategies currently under consideration for many diseases is "drug repositioning" or "drug repurposing". In this comprehensive review, we have provided an overview of the impact of autophagy on AD pathophysiology, reviewed the therapeutics that upregulate autophagy and are currently used in the treatment of other diseases, including cancers, and evaluated their repurposing as a possible treatment option for AD. In addition, we discussed the potential of applying nano-drug delivery to neurodegenerative diseases, such as AD, to overcome the challenge of crossing the blood brain barrier and specifically target molecules/pathways of interest with minimal side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Eshraghi
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, University of Manitoba College of Medicine, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
| | - Mazaher Ahmadi
- Faculty of Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran; Autophagy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Saeid Afshar
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Shahrokh Lorzadeh
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, University of Manitoba College of Medicine, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
| | - Aida Adlimoghaddam
- Autophagy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Division of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Winnipeg, MB R2H2A6, Canada
| | | | - Ryan West
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University, Fullerton, United States of America
| | - Sanaz Dastghaib
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz Iran
| | - Somayeh Igder
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | | | - Amir Mahmoodzadeh
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran
| | - Pooneh Mokarram
- Autophagy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Tayyebeh Madrakian
- Faculty of Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran; Autophagy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Benedict C Albensi
- St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Division of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Winnipeg, MB R2H2A6, Canada; Nova Southeastern Univ. College of Pharmacy, Davie, FL, United States of America; University of Manitoba, College of Medicine, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
| | - Marek J Łos
- Biotechnology Center, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Saeid Ghavami
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, University of Manitoba College of Medicine, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada; Autophagy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Research Institutes of Oncology and Hematology, Cancer Care Manitoba-University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada; Biology of Breathing Theme, Children Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada; Faculty of Medicine in Zabrze, University of Technology in Katowice, Academia of Silesia, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Stevan Pecic
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University, Fullerton, United States of America.
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