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Tan EW, Abdullah ADI, Ming LC, Poh CL, Goh BH, Lau TP, Tan KO. Adenovirus-mediated expression of MOAP-1, Bax and RASSF1A antagonizes chemo-drug resistance of human breast cancer cells expressing cancer stem cell markers. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 176:116744. [PMID: 38810399 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the major leading causes of mortality globally and chemo-drug-resistant cancers pose significant challenges to cancer treatment by reducing patient survival rates and increasing treatment costs. Although the mechanisms of chemoresistance vary among different types of cancer, cancer cells are known to share several hallmarks, such as their resistance to apoptosis as well as the ability of cancer stem cells to produce metastatic daughter cells that are resistant to chemotherapy. To address the issue of chemo-drug resistance in cancer cells, a tetracistronic expression construct, Ad-MBR-GFP, encoding adenovirus-mediated expression of MOAP-1, Bax, RASSSF1A, and GFP, was generated to investigate its potential activity in reducing or inhibiting the chemo-drug resistant activity of the human breast cancer cells, MCF-7-CR and MDA-MB-231. When infected by Ad-MBR-GFP, the cancer cells exhibited round cell morphology and nuclei condensation with positive staining for annexin-V. Furthermore, our results showed that both MCF-7-CR and MDA-MB-231 cells stained positively for CD 44 and negatively for CD 24 (CD44+/CD24-) with high levels of endogenous ALDH activity whereas SNU-1581 breast cancer cells were identified as CD 44-/CD 24- cells with relatively low levels of endogenous ALDH activity and high sensitivity toward chemo-drugs, suggesting that both CD 44 and ALDH activity contribute to chemo-drug resistance. Moreover, both MCF-7-CR and MDA-MB-231 cells showed strong chemo-drug sensitivity to cisplatin when the cells were infected by Ad-MBR-GFP, leading to 9-fold and 2-fold reduction in the IC 50 values when compared to cisplatin treatment alone, respectively. The data were further supported by 3D (soft agar) and spheroid cell models of MCF-7-CR and MDA-MB-231 cells which showed a 2-fold reduction of a number of cell colonies and spheroid size when treated with both Ad-MBR-GFP and cisplatin, and compared to control. Other than chemo-sensitivity, Ad-MBR-GFP-infected cancer cells retarded cell migration. Flow cytometry analysis showed that the mechanism of action of Ad-MBR-GFP involved cell cycle arrest at the G1 phase and inhibition of cellular DNA synthesis. Taken together, our investigation showed that Ad-MBR-GFP mediated chemo-drug sensitization in the infected cancer cells involved the activation of apoptosis signaling, cell cycle arrest, and inhibition of DNA synthesis, suggesting that Ad-MBR-GFP is potentially efficacious for the treatment of chemo-drug resistant cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ee Wern Tan
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Sunway City 47500, Malaysia; Sunway Biofunctional Molecules Discovery Centre, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Sunway City 47500, Malaysia
| | - Amar Daud Iskandar Abdullah
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Sunway City 47500, Malaysia
| | - Long Chiau Ming
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Sunway City 47500, Malaysia
| | - Chit Laa Poh
- Centre for Virus and Vaccine Research, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Sunway City 47500, Malaysia
| | - Bey Hing Goh
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Sunway City 47500, Malaysia; Sunway Biofunctional Molecules Discovery Centre, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Sunway City 47500, Malaysia; Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo 2007, NSW, Australia
| | - Tze Pheng Lau
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Sunway City 47500, Malaysia.
| | - Kuan Onn Tan
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Sunway City 47500, Malaysia.
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Chu LW, Chen JY, Chen YW, Hsieh S, Kung ML. Phytoconstituent-derived zingerone nanoparticles disrupt the cell adhesion mechanism and suppress cell motility in melanoma B16F10 cells. J Biotechnol 2024; 392:48-58. [PMID: 38906221 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2024.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
Combining phytochemicals and nanotechnology to improve the unfavorable innate properties of phytochemicals and develop them into potent nanomedicines to enhance antitumor efficacy has become a novel strategy for cancer chemoprevention. Melanoma is the most aggressive, metastatic, and deadly disease of the primary cutaneous neoplasms. In this study, we fabricated phytoconstituent-derived zingerone nanoparticles (NPs) and validated their effects on cell adhesion and motility in melanoma B16F10 cells. Our data indicated that zingerone NPs significantly induced cytotoxicity and anti-colony formation and inhibited cell migration and invasion. Moreover, zingerone NPs dramatically interfered with the cytoskeletal reorganization and markedly delayed the period of cell adhesion. Our results also revealed that zingerone NPs-mediated downregulation of MMPs (matrix metalloproteinases) activity is associated with inhibiting cell adhesion and motility. We further evaluated the effects of zingerone NPs on Src/FAK /Paxillin signaling, our data showed that zingerone NPs significantly inhibited the protein activities of Src, FAK, and Paxillin, indicating that they play important roles in zingerone NP-mediated anti-motility and anti-invasion in melanoma cells. Accordingly, the phytoconstituent-zingerone NPs can strengthen the inhibition of tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis in malignant melanoma. Altogether, these multi-pharmacological benefits of zingerone NPs will effectively achieve the purpose of melanoma prevention and invasion inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Wen Chu
- Department of Nursing, and Department of Cosmetic Application and Management, Yuh-Ing Junior College of Health Care and Management, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jun-Yih Chen
- Division of Neurosurgery, Fooyin University Hospital, Pingtung, Taiwan; Department of Nursing, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Wen Chen
- Departments of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Shuchen Hsieh
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Lang Kung
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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Ahmed SM, Elkhenany HA, Ahmed TA, Ghoneim NI, Elkodous MA, Mohamed RH, Magdeldin S, Osama A, Anwar AM, Gabr MM, El-Badri N. Diabetic microenvironment deteriorates the regenerative capacities of adipose mesenchymal stromal cells. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2024; 16:131. [PMID: 38880916 PMCID: PMC11181634 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-024-01365-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes is an endocrine disorder characterized by compromised insulin sensitivity that eventually leads to overt disease. Adipose stem cells (ASCs) showed promising potency in improving type 2 diabetes and its complications through their immunomodulatory and differentiation capabilities. However, the hyperglycaemia of the diabetic microenvironment may exert a detrimental effect on the functionality of ASCs. Herein, we investigate ASC homeostasis and regenerative potential in the diabetic milieu. METHODS We conducted data collection and functional enrichment analysis to investigate the differential gene expression profile of MSCs in the diabetic microenvironment. Next, ASCs were cultured in a medium containing diabetic serum (DS) or normal non-diabetic serum (NS) for six days and one-month periods. Proteomic analysis was carried out, and ASCs were then evaluated for apoptosis, changes in the expression of surface markers and DNA repair genes, intracellular oxidative stress, and differentiation capacity. The crosstalk between the ASCs and the diabetic microenvironment was determined by the expression of pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines and cytokine receptors. RESULTS The enrichment of MSCs differentially expressed genes in diabetes points to an alteration in oxidative stress regulating pathways in MSCs. Next, proteomic analysis of ASCs in DS revealed differentially expressed proteins that are related to enhanced cellular apoptosis, DNA damage and oxidative stress, altered immunomodulatory and differentiation potential. Our experiments confirmed these data and showed that ASCs cultured in DS suffered apoptosis, intracellular oxidative stress, and defective DNA repair. Under diabetic conditions, ASCs also showed compromised osteogenic, adipogenic, and angiogenic differentiation capacities. Both pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine expression were significantly altered by culture of ASCs in DS denoting defective immunomodulatory potential. Interestingly, ASCs showed induction of antioxidative stress genes and proteins such as SIRT1, TERF1, Clusterin and PKM2. CONCLUSION We propose that this deterioration in the regenerative function of ASCs is partially mediated by the induced oxidative stress and the diabetic inflammatory milieu. The induction of antioxidative stress factors in ASCs may indicate an adaptation mechanism to the increased oxidative stress in the diabetic microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara M Ahmed
- Center of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine (CESC), Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6th of October City, Sheikh Zayed District, 6th of October City , 12582, Giza, Egypt
| | - Hoda A Elkhenany
- Center of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine (CESC), Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6th of October City, Sheikh Zayed District, 6th of October City , 12582, Giza, Egypt
- Department of surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Toka A Ahmed
- Center of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine (CESC), Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6th of October City, Sheikh Zayed District, 6th of October City , 12582, Giza, Egypt
| | - Nehal I Ghoneim
- Center of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine (CESC), Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6th of October City, Sheikh Zayed District, 6th of October City , 12582, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Abd Elkodous
- Center of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine (CESC), Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6th of October City, Sheikh Zayed District, 6th of October City , 12582, Giza, Egypt
| | - Rania Hassan Mohamed
- Center of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine (CESC), Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6th of October City, Sheikh Zayed District, 6th of October City , 12582, Giza, Egypt
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sameh Magdeldin
- Proteomic and Metabolomics Research Program, Basic Research Department, Children's Cancer Hospital, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
| | - Aya Osama
- Proteomic and Metabolomics Research Program, Basic Research Department, Children's Cancer Hospital, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ali Mostafa Anwar
- Proteomic and Metabolomics Research Program, Basic Research Department, Children's Cancer Hospital, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud M Gabr
- Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Nagwa El-Badri
- Center of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine (CESC), Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6th of October City, Sheikh Zayed District, 6th of October City , 12582, Giza, Egypt.
- Center of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine (CESC), Zewail City of Science and Technology, Sheikh Zayed District, Giza 12588, 6th of October City, Egypt.
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Rodríguez-Santiago Y, Garay-Canales CA, Nava-Castro KE, Morales-Montor J. Sexual dimorphism in colorectal cancer: molecular mechanisms and treatment strategies. Biol Sex Differ 2024; 15:48. [PMID: 38867310 PMCID: PMC11170921 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-024-00623-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sexual dimorphism significantly influences cancer incidence and prognosis. Notably, females exhibit a lower risk and favorable prognosis for non-reproductive cancers compared to males, a pattern observable beyond the scope of risk behaviors such as alcohol consumption and smoking. Colorectal cancer, ranking third in global prevalence and second in mortality, disproportionately affects men. Sex steroid hormones, particularly estrogens and androgens, play crucial roles in cancer progression, considering epidemiological in vivo and in vitro, in general estrogens imparting a protective effect in females and androgens correlating with an increasing risk of colorectal cancer development. MAIN BODY The hormonal impact on immune response is mediated by receptor interactions, resulting in heightened inflammation, modulation of NF-kB, and fostering an environment conducive to cancer progression and metastasis. These molecules also influence the enteric nervous system, that is a pivotal in neuromodulator release and intestinal neuron stimulation, also contributes to cancer development, as evidenced by nerve infiltration into tumors. Microbiota diversity further intersects with immune, hormonal, and neural mechanisms, influencing colorectal cancer dynamics. A comprehensive understanding of hormonal influences on colorectal cancer progression, coupled with the complex interplay between immune responses, microbiota diversity and neurotransmitter imbalances, underpins the development of more targeted and effective therapies. CONCLUSIONS Estrogens mitigate colorectal cancer risk by modulating anti-tumor immune responses, enhancing microbial diversity, and curbing the pro-tumor actions of the sympathetic and enteric nervous systems. Conversely, androgens escalate tumor growth by dampening anti-tumor immune activity, reducing microbial diversity, and facilitating the release of tumor-promoting factors by the nervous system. These findings hold significant potential for the strategic purposing of drugs to fine-tune the extensive impacts of sex hormones within the tumor microenvironment, promising advancements in colorectal cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yair Rodríguez-Santiago
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, Mexico City, 04510, México
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Edificio D, 1er piso, Circuito de Posgrados, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México, 04510, México
| | - Claudia Angelica Garay-Canales
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, Mexico City, 04510, México
| | - Karen Elizabeth Nava-Castro
- Grupo de Biología y Química Atmosféricas, Instituto de Ciencias de la Atmósfera y Cambio Climático, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, CDMX, 04510, México
| | - Jorge Morales-Montor
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, Mexico City, 04510, México.
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Mokin YI, Povarova OI, Antifeeva IA, Artemov AV, Uversky VN, Turoverov KK, Kuznetsova IM, Fonin AV. Bioinformatics Analysis of Actin Interactome: Characterization of the Nuclear and Cytoplasmic Actin-Binding Proteins. Protein J 2024:10.1007/s10930-024-10207-y. [PMID: 38824467 DOI: 10.1007/s10930-024-10207-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Actin is present in the cytoplasm and nucleus of every eukaryotic cell. In the cytoplasm, framework and motor functions of actin are associated with its ability to polymerize to form F-actin. In the nucleus, globular actin plays a significant functional role. For a globular protein, actin has a uniquely large number of proteins with which it interacts. Bioinformatics analysis of the actin interactome showed that only a part of actin-binding proteins are both cytoplasmic and nuclear. There are proteins that interact only with cytoplasmic, or only with nuclear actin. The first pool includes proteins associated with the formation, regulation, and functioning of the actin cytoskeleton predominate, while nuclear actin-binding proteins are involved in the majority of key nuclear processes, from regulation of transcription to DNA damage response. Bioinformatics analysis of the structure of actin-binding proteins showed that these are mainly intrinsically disordered proteins, many of which are part of membrane-less organelles. Interestingly, although the number of intrinsically disordered actin-binding proteins in the nucleus is greater than in the cytoplasm, the drivers for the formation of the membrane-less organelles in the cytoplasm are significantly (four times) greater than in the nucleus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yakov I Mokin
- Laboratory of Structural Dynamics, Stability and Folding of Proteins, Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 194064, Russian Federation
| | - Olga I Povarova
- Laboratory of Structural Dynamics, Stability and Folding of Proteins, Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 194064, Russian Federation
| | - Iuliia A Antifeeva
- Laboratory of Structural Dynamics, Stability and Folding of Proteins, Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 194064, Russian Federation
| | - Alexey V Artemov
- Laboratory of Structural Dynamics, Stability and Folding of Proteins, Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 194064, Russian Federation
| | - Vladimir N Uversky
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Research Institute, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., MDC07, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA.
| | - Konstantin K Turoverov
- Laboratory of Structural Dynamics, Stability and Folding of Proteins, Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 194064, Russian Federation
| | - Irina M Kuznetsova
- Laboratory of Structural Dynamics, Stability and Folding of Proteins, Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 194064, Russian Federation.
| | - Alexander V Fonin
- Laboratory of Structural Dynamics, Stability and Folding of Proteins, Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 194064, Russian Federation.
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Han G, Su Y, Mao Q, Han Z, Sun J. Identification and functional characterization of annexin A2 in half-smooth tongue sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 148:109492. [PMID: 38467321 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Annexin A2 (AnxA2), belonging to the annexin family, plays a crucial role in immune responses. In this study, the cDNA of the AnxA2 gene was identified in half-smooth tongue sole, Cynoglossus semilaevis. The transcript of AnxA2 gene in C. semilaevis (CsAnxA2) showed broad tissue distribution, with the highest expression level observed in the gut. CsAnxA2 expression was significantly up-regulated in the intestine, spleen, and kidney tissues following exposure to Shewanella algae. Immunohistochemical staining revealed that CsAnxA2 was predominantly expressed in epithelial cells and significantly elevated after S. algae challenge. Subcellular localization showed that CsAnxA2 was primarily localized in the cytoplasmic compartment. Moreover, proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-8 and IL-1β) exhibited significant upregulation after CsAnxA2 was overexpressed in vivo. One hundred and fifty-eight CsAnxA2-interacting proteins were captured in the intestinal tissue, showing the top two normalized abundance observed for actin beta (ACTB) and protein S100-A10 (p11). Fifty-four high abundance CsAnxA2-interacting proteins (HIPs) were primary enriched in ten pathways, with the top three significantly enriched pathways being Salmonella infection, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) signaling pathway. These results provide valuable information for further investigation into the functional mechanism of AnxA2 in C. semilaevis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guowei Han
- Key Laboratory of Smart Breeding (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, 300384, China; Tianjin Key Lab of Aqua-ecology and Aquaculture, Fisheries College, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, 300384, China.
| | - Yufeng Su
- Tianjin Key Lab of Aqua-ecology and Aquaculture, Fisheries College, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, 300384, China.
| | - Qing Mao
- Tianjin Key Lab of Aqua-ecology and Aquaculture, Fisheries College, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, 300384, China.
| | - Zhuoran Han
- Key Laboratory of Smart Breeding (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, 300384, China; Tianjin Key Lab of Aqua-ecology and Aquaculture, Fisheries College, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, 300384, China.
| | - Jingfeng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Smart Breeding (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, 300384, China; Tianjin Key Lab of Aqua-ecology and Aquaculture, Fisheries College, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, 300384, China.
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Guven C, Taskin E, Aydın Ö, Kaya ST, Sevgiler Y. Diazoxide attenuates DOX-induced cardiotoxicity in cultured rat myocytes. Biotech Histochem 2024; 99:113-124. [PMID: 38439686 DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2024.2324368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX)-induced cardiotoxicity is a well known clinical problem, and many investigations have been made of its possible amelioration. We have investigated whether diazoxide (DIA), an agonist at mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium channels (mitoKATP), could reverse DOX-induced apoptotic myocardial cell loss, in cultured rat cardiomyocytes. The role of certain proteins in this pathway was also studied. The rat cardiomyocyte cell line (H9c2) was treated with DOX, and also co-treated with DOX and DIA, for 24 h. Distribution of actin filaments, mitochondrial membrane potential, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, total oxidant and antioxidant status (TOS and TAS, respectively), and some protein expressions, were assessed. DOX significantly decreased SOD activity, increased ERK1/2 protein levels, and depolarised the mitochondrial membrane, while DIA co-treatment inhibited such changes. DIA co-treatment ameliorated DOX-induced cytoskeletal changes via F-actin distribution and mitoKATP structure. Co-treatment also decreased ERK1/2 and cytochrome c protein levels. Cardiomyocyte loss due to oxidative stress-mediated apoptosis is a key event in DOX-induced cytotoxicity. DIA had protective effects on DOX-induced cardiotoxicity, via mitoKATP integrity, especially with elevated SUR2A levels; but also by a cascade including SOD/AMPK/ERK1/2. Therefore, DIA may be considered a candidate agent for protecting cardiomyocytes against DOX chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celal Guven
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Adıyaman University, Adıyaman, Turkey
| | - Eylem Taskin
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Adıyaman University, Adıyaman, Turkey
| | - Özgül Aydın
- Department of Biology, Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences, Adıyaman University, Adıyaman, Turkey
| | - Salih Tunç Kaya
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Letters, Düzce University, Düzce, Turkey
| | - Yusuf Sevgiler
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Letters, Adıyaman University, Adıyaman, Turkey
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Kim S, Lee D, Kim SE, Overholtzer M. Entosis: the core mechanism and crosstalk with other cell death programs. Exp Mol Med 2024; 56:870-876. [PMID: 38565900 PMCID: PMC11059358 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-024-01227-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Cell death pathways play critical roles in organism development and homeostasis as well as in the pathogenesis of various diseases. While studies over the last decade have elucidated numerous different forms of cell death that can eliminate cells in various contexts, how certain mechanisms impact physiology is still not well understood. Moreover, recent studies have shown that multiple forms cell death can occur in a cell population, with different forms of death eliminating individual cells. Here, we aim to describe the known molecular mechanisms of entosis, a non-apoptotic cell engulfment process, and discuss signaling mechanisms that control its induction as well as its possible crosstalk with other cell death mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunghoon Kim
- Department of Biosystems and Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- L-HOPE Program for Community-Based Total Learning Health Systems, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Donghyuk Lee
- Department of Pharmacology and Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Eun Kim
- Department of Biosystems and Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- L-HOPE Program for Community-Based Total Learning Health Systems, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Michael Overholtzer
- Cell Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, New York, NY, USA.
- Louis V. Gerstner, Jr. Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
- BCMB Allied Program, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.
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Bonnet V, Maikranz E, Madec M, Vertti-Quintero N, Cuche C, Mastrogiovanni M, Alcover A, Di Bartolo V, Baroud CN. Cancer-on-a-chip model shows that the adenomatous polyposis coli mutation impairs T cell engagement and killing of cancer spheroids. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2316500121. [PMID: 38442157 PMCID: PMC10945811 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2316500121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Evaluating the ability of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) to eliminate tumor cells is crucial, for instance, to predict the efficiency of cell therapy in personalized medicine. However, the destruction of a tumor by CTLs involves CTL migration in the extra-tumoral environment, accumulation on the tumor, antigen recognition, and cooperation in killing the cancer cells. Therefore, identifying the limiting steps in this complex process requires spatio-temporal measurements of different cellular events over long periods. Here, we use a cancer-on-a-chip platform to evaluate the impact of adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) mutation on CTL migration and cytotoxicity against 3D tumor spheroids. The APC mutated CTLs are found to have a reduced ability to destroy tumor spheroids compared with control cells, even though APC mutants migrate in the extra-tumoral space and accumulate on the spheroids as efficiently as control cells. Once in contact with the tumor however, mutated CTLs display reduced engagement with the cancer cells, as measured by a metric that distinguishes different modes of CTL migration. Realigning the CTL trajectories around localized killing cascades reveals that all CTLs transition to high engagement in the 2 h preceding the cascades, which confirms that the low engagement is the cause of reduced cytotoxicity. Beyond the study of APC mutations, this platform offers a robust way to compare cytotoxic cell efficiency of even closely related cell types, by relying on a multiscale cytometry approach to disentangle complex interactions and to identify the steps that limit the tumor destruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentin Bonnet
- Institut Pasteur, Department of Genomes and Genetics, Université Paris Cité, Physical Microfluidics and Bioengineering, ParisF-75015, France
- LadHyX, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau91120, France
| | - Erik Maikranz
- Institut Pasteur, Department of Genomes and Genetics, Université Paris Cité, Physical Microfluidics and Bioengineering, ParisF-75015, France
- LadHyX, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau91120, France
| | - Marianne Madec
- Unité Biologie Cellulaire des Lymphocytes, Institut Pasteur, Department of immunology, Université Paris Cité, INSERM-U1224, Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Équipe Labellisée Ligue 2018, ParisF-75015, France
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology and Immunology, University of Geneva, Geneva 4CH-1211, Switzerland
| | - Nadia Vertti-Quintero
- Institut Pasteur, Department of Genomes and Genetics, Université Paris Cité, Physical Microfluidics and Bioengineering, ParisF-75015, France
| | - Céline Cuche
- Unité Biologie Cellulaire des Lymphocytes, Institut Pasteur, Department of immunology, Université Paris Cité, INSERM-U1224, Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Équipe Labellisée Ligue 2018, ParisF-75015, France
| | - Marta Mastrogiovanni
- Unité Biologie Cellulaire des Lymphocytes, Institut Pasteur, Department of immunology, Université Paris Cité, INSERM-U1224, Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Équipe Labellisée Ligue 2018, ParisF-75015, France
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, New York, NY10461
| | - Andrés Alcover
- Unité Biologie Cellulaire des Lymphocytes, Institut Pasteur, Department of immunology, Université Paris Cité, INSERM-U1224, Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Équipe Labellisée Ligue 2018, ParisF-75015, France
| | - Vincenzo Di Bartolo
- Unité Biologie Cellulaire des Lymphocytes, Institut Pasteur, Department of immunology, Université Paris Cité, INSERM-U1224, Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Équipe Labellisée Ligue 2018, ParisF-75015, France
| | - Charles N. Baroud
- Institut Pasteur, Department of Genomes and Genetics, Université Paris Cité, Physical Microfluidics and Bioengineering, ParisF-75015, France
- LadHyX, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau91120, France
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10
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Segatto NV, Simões LD, Bender CB, Sousa FS, Oliveira TL, Paschoal JDF, Pacheco BS, Lopes I, Seixas FK, Qazi A, Thomas FM, Chaki S, Robertson N, Newsom J, Patel S, Rund LA, Jordan LR, Bolt C, Schachtschneider KM, Schook LB, Collares TV. Oncopig bladder cancer cells recapitulate human bladder cancer treatment responses in vitro. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1323422. [PMID: 38469237 PMCID: PMC10926022 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1323422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Bladder cancer is a common neoplasia of the urinary tract that holds the highest cost of lifelong treatment per patient, highlighting the need for a continuous search for new therapies for the disease. Current bladder cancer models are either imperfect in their ability to translate results to clinical practice (mouse models), or rare and not inducible (canine models). Swine models are an attractive alternative to model the disease due to their similarities with humans on several levels. The Oncopig Cancer Model has been shown to develop tumors that closely resemble human tumors. However, urothelial carcinoma has not yet been studied in this platform. Methods We aimed to develop novel Oncopig bladder cancer cell line (BCCL) and investigate whether these urothelial swine cells mimic human bladder cancer cell line (5637 and T24) treatment-responses to cisplatin, doxorubicin, and gemcitabine in vitro. Results Results demonstrated consistent treatment responses between Oncopig and human cells in most concentrations tested (p>0.05). Overall, Oncopig cells were more predictive of T24 than 5637 cell therapeutic responses. Microarray analysis also demonstrated similar alterations in expression of apoptotic (GADD45B and TP53INP1) and cytoskeleton-related genes (ZMYM6 and RND1) following gemcitabine exposure between 5637 (human) and Oncopig BCCL cells, indicating apoptosis may be triggered through similar signaling pathways. Molecular docking results indicated that swine and humans had similar Dg values between the chemotherapeutics and their target proteins. Discussion Taken together, these results suggest the Oncopig could be an attractive animal to model urothelial carcinoma due to similarities in in vitro therapeutic responses compared to human cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natália V. Segatto
- Technology Development Center, Laboratory of Cancer Biotechnology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Lucas D. Simões
- Technology Development Center, Laboratory of Cancer Biotechnology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Camila B. Bender
- Technology Development Center, Laboratory of Cancer Biotechnology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Fernanda S. Sousa
- Technology Development Center, Laboratory of Cancer Biotechnology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Thais L. Oliveira
- Technology Development Center, Laboratory of Cancer Biotechnology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Júlia D. F. Paschoal
- Technology Development Center, Laboratory of Cancer Biotechnology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Bruna S. Pacheco
- Technology Development Center, Laboratory of Cancer Biotechnology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Isadora Lopes
- Technology Development Center, Laboratory of Cancer Biotechnology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Fabiana K. Seixas
- Technology Development Center, Laboratory of Cancer Biotechnology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Aisha Qazi
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Faith M. Thomas
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Sulalita Chaki
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, United States
| | | | | | - Shovik Patel
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Laurie A. Rund
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Luke R. Jordan
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, United States
- Sus Clinicals Inc., Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Courtni Bolt
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, United States
- Sus Clinicals Inc., Chicago, IL, United States
| | | | - Lawrence B. Schook
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, United States
- Sus Clinicals Inc., Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Tiago V. Collares
- Technology Development Center, Laboratory of Cancer Biotechnology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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11
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Shehjar F, Almarghalani DA, Mahajan R, Hasan SAM, Shah ZA. The Multifaceted Role of Cofilin in Neurodegeneration and Stroke: Insights into Pathogenesis and Targeting as a Therapy. Cells 2024; 13:188. [PMID: 38247879 PMCID: PMC10814918 DOI: 10.3390/cells13020188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
This comprehensive review explores the complex role of cofilin, an actin-binding protein, across various neurodegenerative diseases (Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, schizophrenia, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Huntington's) and stroke. Cofilin is an essential protein in cytoskeletal dynamics, and any dysregulation could lead to potentially serious complications. Cofilin's involvement is underscored by its impact on pathological hallmarks like Aβ plaques and α-synuclein aggregates, triggering synaptic dysfunction, dendritic spine loss, and impaired neuronal plasticity, leading to cognitive decline. In Parkinson's disease, cofilin collaborates with α-synuclein, exacerbating neurotoxicity and impairing mitochondrial and axonal function. ALS and frontotemporal dementia showcase cofilin's association with genetic factors like C9ORF72, affecting actin dynamics and contributing to neurotoxicity. Huntington's disease brings cofilin into focus by impairing microglial migration and influencing synaptic plasticity through AMPA receptor regulation. Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and schizophrenia exhibit 14-3-3 proteins in cofilin dysregulation as a shared pathological mechanism. In the case of stroke, cofilin takes center stage, mediating neurotoxicity and neuronal cell death. Notably, there is a potential overlap in the pathologies and involvement of cofilin in various diseases. In this context, referencing cofilin dysfunction could provide valuable insights into the common pathologies associated with the aforementioned conditions. Moreover, this review explores promising therapeutic interventions, including cofilin inhibitors and gene therapy, demonstrating efficacy in preclinical models. Challenges in inhibitor development, brain delivery, tissue/cell specificity, and long-term safety are acknowledged, emphasizing the need for precision drug therapy. The call to action involves collaborative research, biomarker identification, and advancing translational efforts. Cofilin emerges as a pivotal player, offering potential as a therapeutic target. However, unraveling its complexities requires concerted multidisciplinary efforts for nuanced and effective interventions across the intricate landscape of neurodegenerative diseases and stroke, presenting a hopeful avenue for improved patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faheem Shehjar
- Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toledo, OH 43614, USA; (F.S.); (R.M.)
| | - Daniyah A. Almarghalani
- Stroke Research Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Reetika Mahajan
- Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toledo, OH 43614, USA; (F.S.); (R.M.)
| | - Syed A.-M. Hasan
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA;
| | - Zahoor A. Shah
- Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toledo, OH 43614, USA; (F.S.); (R.M.)
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA;
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12
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Li Y, Li X, Cournoyer P, Choudhuri S, Guo L, Chen S. Induction of apoptosis by cannabidiol and its main metabolites in human Leydig cells. Arch Toxicol 2023; 97:3227-3241. [PMID: 37794255 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-023-03609-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Cannabidiol (CBD) is one of the most prevalent and abundant cannabinoids extracted from the plant Cannabis sativa. CBD has been reported to induce male reproductive toxicity in animal models. In this study, we examined the effects of CBD and its main metabolites, 7-carboxy-CBD and 7-hydroxy-CBD, on primary human Leydig cells, which play a crucial role in male reproductive health. Our results showed that CBD, at concentrations below the Bayesian benchmark dose (BMD)50, inhibited the growth of human Leydig cells by arresting the cell cycle at G1/S transition, disrupting cell cycle regulators, and decreasing DNA synthesis. Concentration-response transcriptomic profiling identified that apoptosis was one of the top biological processes significantly affected by treatment with CBD for 24 h. The occurrence of apoptosis was confirmed by increased activation of caspase-3/7 and an increased proportion of annexin V and propidium iodide (PI)-positive cells. Similar to CBD, both 7-carboxy-CBD and 7-hydroxy-CBD decreased cell viability and induced apoptosis after treatment for 24 h. 7-Hydroxy-CBD and 7-carboxy-CBD showed lower cytotoxicity than CBD, and 7-carboxy-CBD had the lowest cytotoxicity among the three compounds. Our findings revealed that CBD and its main metabolites can cause adverse effects on primary human Leydig cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxi Li
- Division of Biochemical Toxicology, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, National Center for Toxicological Research, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA
| | - Xilin Li
- Division of Genetic and Molecular Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA
| | - Patrick Cournoyer
- Office of the Commissioner, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, 20993, USA
| | - Supratim Choudhuri
- Office of Food Additive Safety, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, College Park, MD, 20740, USA
| | - Lei Guo
- Division of Biochemical Toxicology, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, National Center for Toxicological Research, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA
| | - Si Chen
- Division of Biochemical Toxicology, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, National Center for Toxicological Research, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA.
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13
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Halász H, Szatmári Z, Kovács K, Koppán M, Papp S, Szabó-Meleg E, Szatmári D. Changes of Ex Vivo Cervical Epithelial Cells Due to Electroporation with JMY. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16863. [PMID: 38069185 PMCID: PMC10706833 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The ionic environment within the nucleoplasm might diverge from the conditions found in the cytoplasm, potentially playing a role in the cellular stress response. As a result, it is conceivable that interactions of nuclear actin and actin-binding proteins (ABPs) with apoptosis factors may differ in the nucleoplasm and cytoplasm. The primary intracellular stress response is Ca2+ influx. The junctional mediating and regulating Y protein (JMY) is an actin-binding protein and has the capability to interact with the apoptosis factor p53 in a Ca2+-dependent manner, forming complexes that play a regulatory role in cytoskeletal remodelling and motility. JMY's presence is observed in both the cytoplasm and nucleoplasm. Here, we show that ex vivo ectocervical squamous cells subjected to electroporation with JMY protein exhibited varying morphological alterations. Specifically, the highly differentiated superficial and intermediate cells displayed reduced nuclear size. In inflamed samples, nuclear enlargement and simultaneous cytoplasmic reduction were observable and showed signs of apoptotic processes. In contrast, the less differentiated parabasal and metaplastic cells showed increased cytoplasmic activity and the formation of membrane protrusions. Surprisingly, in severe inflammation, vaginosis or ASC-US (Atypical Squamous Cells of Undetermined Significance), JMY appears to influence only the nuclear and perinuclear irregularities of differentiated cells, and cytoplasmic abnormalities still existed after the electroporation. Our observations can provide an appropriate basis for the exploration of the relationship between cytopathologically relevant morphological changes of epithelial cells and the function of ABPs. This is particularly important since ABPs are considered potential diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers for both cancers and chronic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henriett Halász
- Department of Biophysics, Medical School, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; (H.H.); (E.S.-M.)
| | | | - Krisztina Kovács
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary;
| | | | - Szilárd Papp
- DaVinci Clinics, 7635 Pécs, Hungary; (M.K.); (S.P.)
| | - Edina Szabó-Meleg
- Department of Biophysics, Medical School, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; (H.H.); (E.S.-M.)
| | - Dávid Szatmári
- Department of Biophysics, Medical School, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; (H.H.); (E.S.-M.)
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14
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Torii T, Sugimoto W, Itoh K, Kinoshita N, Gessho M, Goto T, Uehara I, Nakajima W, Budirahardja Y, Miyoshi D, Nishikata T, Tanaka N, Hirata H, Kawauchi K. Loss of p53 function promotes DNA damage-induced formation of nuclear actin filaments. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:766. [PMID: 38001089 PMCID: PMC10674001 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06310-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Tumor suppressor p53 plays a central role in response to DNA damage. DNA-damaging agents modulate nuclear actin dynamics, influencing cell behaviors; however, whether p53 affects the formation of nuclear actin filaments remains unclear. In this study, we found that p53 depletion promoted the formation of nuclear actin filaments in response to DNA-damaging agents, such as doxorubicin (DOXO) and etoposide (VP16). Even though the genetic probes used for the detection of nuclear actin filaments exerted a promotive effect on actin polymerization, the detected formation of nuclear actin filaments was highly dependent on both p53 depletion and DNA damage. Whilst active p53 is known to promote caspase-1 expression, the overexpression of caspase-1 reduced DNA damage-induced formation of nuclear actin filaments in p53-depleted cells. In contrast, co-treatment with DOXO and the pan-caspase inhibitor Q-VD-OPh or the caspase-1 inhibitor Z-YVAD-FMK induced the formation of nuclear actin filament formation even in cells bearing wild-type p53. These results suggest that the p53-caspase-1 axis suppresses DNA damage-induced formation of nuclear actin filaments. In addition, we found that the expression of nLifeact-GFP, the filamentous-actin-binding peptide Lifeact fused with the nuclear localization signal (NLS) and GFP, modulated the structure of nuclear actin filaments to be phalloidin-stainable in p53-depleted cells treated with the DNA-damaging agent, altering the chromatin structure and reducing the transcriptional activity. The level of phosphorylated H2AX (γH2AX), a marker of DNA damage, in these cells also reduced upon nLifeact-GFP expression, whilst details of the functional relationship between the formation of nLifeact-GFP-decorated nuclear actin filaments and DNA repair remained to be elucidated. Considering that the loss of p53 is associated with cancer progression, the results of this study raise a possibility that the artificial reinforcement of nuclear actin filaments by nLifeact-GFP may enhance the cytotoxic effect of DNA-damaging agents in aggressive cancer cells through a reduction in gene transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeru Torii
- Faculty of Frontiers of Innovative Research in Science and Technology (FIRST), Konan University, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Wataru Sugimoto
- Faculty of Frontiers of Innovative Research in Science and Technology (FIRST), Konan University, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Itoh
- Faculty of Frontiers of Innovative Research in Science and Technology (FIRST), Konan University, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Natsuki Kinoshita
- Faculty of Frontiers of Innovative Research in Science and Technology (FIRST), Konan University, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Masaya Gessho
- Faculty of Frontiers of Innovative Research in Science and Technology (FIRST), Konan University, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Goto
- Faculty of Frontiers of Innovative Research in Science and Technology (FIRST), Konan University, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Ikuno Uehara
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Advanced Medical Sciences, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, 113-8602, Japan
| | - Wataru Nakajima
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Advanced Medical Sciences, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, 113-8602, Japan
| | - Yemima Budirahardja
- Faculty of Frontiers of Innovative Research in Science and Technology (FIRST), Konan University, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Daisuke Miyoshi
- Faculty of Frontiers of Innovative Research in Science and Technology (FIRST), Konan University, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Takahito Nishikata
- Faculty of Frontiers of Innovative Research in Science and Technology (FIRST), Konan University, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Tanaka
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Advanced Medical Sciences, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, 113-8602, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Hirata
- Department of Applied Bioscience, Kanazawa Institute of Technology, Hakusan, 924-0838, Japan.
| | - Keiko Kawauchi
- Faculty of Frontiers of Innovative Research in Science and Technology (FIRST), Konan University, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan.
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Advanced Medical Sciences, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, 113-8602, Japan.
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15
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Chan B, Glogauer M, Wang Y, Wrana J, Chan K, Beier F, Bali S, Hinz B, Parreno J, Ashraf S, Kandel R. Adseverin, an actin-binding protein, modulates hypertrophic chondrocyte differentiation and osteoarthritis progression. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadf1130. [PMID: 37540756 PMCID: PMC10403223 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adf1130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
In osteoarthritis (OA), a disease characterized by progressive articular cartilage degradation and calcification, the articular chondrocyte phenotype changes and this correlates with actin cytoskeleton alterations suggesting that it regulates gene expression essential for proper phenotype. This study reports that OA is associated with the loss of adseverin, an actin capping and severing protein. Adseverin deletion (Adseverin-/-) in mice compromised articular chondrocyte function, by reducing F-actin and aggrecan expression and increasing apoptosis, Indian hedgehog, Runx2, MMP13, and collagen type X expression, and cell proliferation. This led to stiffer cartilage and decreased hyaline and increased calcified cartilage thickness. Together, these changes predisposed the articular cartilage to enhanced OA severity in Adseverin-/- mice who underwent surgical induction of OA. Adseverin-/- chondrocyte RNA sequencing and in vitro studies together suggests that adseverin modulates cell viability and prevents mineralization. Thus, adseverin maintains articular chondrocyte phenotype and cartilage tissue homeostasis by preventing progression to hypertrophic differentiation in vivo. Adseverin may be chondroprotective and a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byron Chan
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Michael Glogauer
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Yongqiang Wang
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jeffrey Wrana
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Kin Chan
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Frank Beier
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Supinder Bali
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Boris Hinz
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of the St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Justin Parreno
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Sajjad Ashraf
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Rita Kandel
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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16
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Gonçalves YG, Becceneri AB, Graminha AE, Miranda VM, Rios RR, Rinaldi-Neto F, Costa MS, Gonçalves ACR, Deflon VM, Yoneyama KAG, Maia PIS, Franca EF, Cominetti MR, Silva RS, Von Poelhsitz G. New ruthenium(II) complexes with cyclic thio- and semicarbazone: evaluation of cytotoxicity and effects on cell migration and apoptosis of lung cancer cells. Dalton Trans 2023. [PMID: 37377063 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt00750b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
We describe the synthesis, physicochemical characterization, and in vitro antitumor assays of four novel analogous ruthenium(II) complexes with general formula cis-[RuII(N-L)(P-P)2]PF6, where P-P = bis(diphenylphosphine)methane (dppm, in complexes 1 and 2) or bis(diphenylphosphine)ethane (dppe, in complexes 3 and 4) and N-L = 5,6-diphenyl-4,5-dihydro-2H-[1,2,4]triazine-3-thione (Btsc, in complexes 1 and 3) or 5,6-diphenyltriazine-3-one (Bsc, in complexes 2 and 4). The data were consistent with cis arrangement of the biphosphine ligands. For the Btsc and Bsc ligands, the data pointed to monoanionic bidentate coordination to ruthenium(II) through N,S and N,O, respectively. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction showed that complex 1 crystallized in the monoclinic system, space group P21/c. Determination of the cytotoxicity profiles of complexes 1-4 gave SI values ranging from 1.19 to 3.50 against the human lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549 and the non-tumor lung cell line MRC-5. Although the molecular docking studies suggested that the interaction between DNA and complex 4 was energetically favorable, the experimental results showed that they interacted weakly. Overall, our results demonstrated that these novel ruthenium(II) complexes have interesting in vitro antitumor potential and this study may contribute to further studies in medicinal inorganic chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmim G Gonçalves
- Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil.
- Laboratório de Fotoquímica e Química Bioinorgânica, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Amanda B Becceneri
- Laboratório de Fotoquímica e Química Bioinorgânica, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Angelica E Graminha
- Laboratório de Fotoquímica e Química Bioinorgânica, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
- Gerontology Department, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Victor M Miranda
- Grupo de Química Inorgânica Estrutural e Biológica, Chemistry Institute of São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, USP - São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Rafaella R Rios
- Laboratório de Fotoquímica e Química Bioinorgânica, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Francisco Rinaldi-Neto
- Laboratório de Fotoquímica e Química Bioinorgânica, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Mônica S Costa
- Genetic and Biochemistry Institute, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Ana C R Gonçalves
- Exacts, Natural Sciences, and Education Institute, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, MG, Brazil
| | - Victor M Deflon
- Laboratório de Fotoquímica e Química Bioinorgânica, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Kelly A G Yoneyama
- Genetic and Biochemistry Institute, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Pedro I S Maia
- Exacts, Natural Sciences, and Education Institute, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, MG, Brazil
| | - Eduardo F Franca
- Laboratório de Cristalografia e Química Computacional, Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Márcia R Cominetti
- Gerontology Department, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Roberto S Silva
- Laboratório de Fotoquímica e Química Bioinorgânica, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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17
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Paliwal K, Haldar P, Antharjanam PKS, Kumar M. Synthesis, Characterization, DNA/HSA Interaction, and Cytotoxic Activity of a Copper(II) Thiolate Schiff Base Complex and Its Corresponding Water-Soluble Stable Sulfinato-O Complex Containing Imidazole as a Co-ligand. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:21948-21968. [PMID: 37360467 PMCID: PMC10286277 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c01853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
A Cu(II) thiolato complex [CuL(imz)] (1) (H2L = o-HOC6H4C(H)=NC6H4SH-o) and the corresponding water-soluble stable sulfinato-O complex [CuL'(imz)] (2) (H2L' = o-HOC6H4C(H)=NC6H4S(=O)OH) were synthesized and characterized using physicochemical techniques. Compound 2 is found to be a dimer in the solid state as characterized using single-crystal X-ray crystallography. XPS studies clearly showed the differences in the sulfur oxidation states in 1 and 2. Both compounds are found to be monomers in solution as revealed from their four-line X-band electron paramagnetic resonance spectra in CH3CN at room temperature (RT). 1-2 were tested to assess their ability to exhibit DNA binding and cleavage activity. Spectroscopic studies and viscosity experiments suggest that 1-2 bind to CT-DNA through the intercalation mode having moderate binding affinity (Kb ∼ 104 M-1). This is further supported by molecular docking studies of complex 2 with CT-DNA. Both complexes display significant oxidative cleavage of pUC19 DNA. Complex 2 also showed hydrolytic DNA cleavage. The interaction of 1-2 with HSA revealed that they have strong ability to quench the intrinsic fluorescence of HSA by a static quenching mechanism (kq ∼ 1013 M-1 s-1). This is further complemented by Förster resonance energy transfer studies that revealed binding distances of r = 2.85 and 2.75 nm for 1 and 2, respectively, indicating high potential for energy transfer from HSA to complex. 1-2 were capable of inducing conformational changes of HSA at secondary and tertiary levels as observed from synchronous and three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy. Molecular docking studies with 2 indicate that it forms strong hydrogen bonds with Gln221 and Arg222 located near the entrance of site-I of HSA. 1-2 showed potential toxicity in human cervical cancer HeLa cells, lung cancer A549 cells, and cisplatin-resistant breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells and appeared to be most potent against HeLa cells (IC50 = 2.04 μM for 1 and 1.86 μM for 2). In HeLa cells, 1-2 mediated cell cycle arrest in S and G2/M phases, which progressed into apoptosis. Apoptotic features seen from Hoechst and AO/PI staining, damaged cytoskeleton actin viewed from phalloidin staining, and increased caspase-3 activity upon treatment with 1-2 collectively suggested that they induced apoptosis in HeLa cells via caspase activation. This is further supported by western blot analysis of the protein sample extracted from HeLa cells treated with 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumudini Paliwal
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Birla Institute
of Technology and Science-Pilani, K.K. Birla Goa Campus, Zuarinagar 403726, Goa, India
| | - Paramita Haldar
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Birla Institute
of Technology and Science-Pilani, K.K. Birla Goa Campus, Zuarinagar 403726, Goa, India
| | | | - Manjuri Kumar
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Birla Institute
of Technology and Science-Pilani, K.K. Birla Goa Campus, Zuarinagar 403726, Goa, India
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18
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Gag O, Dinu Ș, Manea H, Marcovici I, Pînzaru I, Popovici R, Crăiniceanu Z, Gyori Z, Iovănescu G, Chiriac S. UVA/UVB Irradiation Exerts a Distinct Phototoxic Effect on Human Keratinocytes Compared to Human Malignant Melanoma Cells. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13051144. [PMID: 37240789 DOI: 10.3390/life13051144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) is responsible for the development of many skin diseases, including malignant melanoma (MM). This study assessed the phototoxic effects of UVA, and UVB radiations on healthy and pathologic skin cells by evaluating the behavior of human keratinocytes (HaCaT) and MM cells (A375) at 24 h post-irradiation. The main results showed that UVA 10 J/cm2 exerted no cytotoxicity on HaCaT and A375 cells, while UVB 0.5 J/cm2 significantly reduced cell viability and confluence, induced cell shrinkage and rounding, generated nuclear and F-actin condensation, and induced apoptosis by modulating the expressions of Bax and Bcl-2. The association of UVA 10 J/cm2 with UVB 0.5 J/cm2 (UVA/UVB) induced the highest cytotoxicity in both cell lines (viability < 40%). However, the morphological changes were different-HaCaT cells showed signs of necrosis, while in A375 nuclear polarization and expulsion from the cells were observed, features that indicate enucleation. By unraveling the impact of different UVR treatments on the behavior of normal and cancer skin cells and describing enucleation as a novel process involved in the cytotoxicity of UVA/UVB irradiation, these findings bridge the gap between the current and the future status of research in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Otilia Gag
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No.2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Ștefania Dinu
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No.2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Horațiu Manea
- Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No.2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Iasmina Marcovici
- Faculty of Pharmacy, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No.2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Research Center for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluations, Faculty of Pharmacy, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No.2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Iulia Pînzaru
- Faculty of Pharmacy, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No.2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Research Center for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluations, Faculty of Pharmacy, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No.2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Ramona Popovici
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No.2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Zorin Crăiniceanu
- Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No.2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Zsolt Gyori
- Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No.2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Gheorghe Iovănescu
- Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No.2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Sorin Chiriac
- Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No.2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
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19
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Kim S, Im G, Kim YH, Bhang SH. Fortifying angiogenic efficacy of conditioned media using phototoxic-free blue light for wound healing. Bioeng Transl Med 2023; 8:e10462. [PMID: 37206233 PMCID: PMC10189464 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
We used a blue organic light-emitting diode (bOLED) to increase the paracrine factors secreted from human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs) for producing conditioned medium (CM). Our results showed that while the bOLED irradiation promotes a mild-dose reactive oxygen generation that enhances the angiogenic paracrine secretion of hADSCs, it does not induce phototoxicity. The bOLED enhances paracrine factors via a cell-signaling mechanism involving hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha. This study demonstrated that the CM resulting from bOLED treatment shows improved therapeutic effects on mouse wound-healing models. This method contributes to overcoming the barriers to stem-cell therapies, including the toxicity and low yields from other methods such as nanoparticles, synthetic polymers, and even cell-derived vesicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung‐Won Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonSouth Korea
| | - Gwang‐Bum Im
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonSouth Korea
- Present address:
Department of Cardiac SurgeryBoston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Yeong Hwan Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonSouth Korea
| | - Suk Ho Bhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonSouth Korea
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20
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Cook J, Greene ES, Ramser A, Mullenix G, Dridi JS, Liyanage R, Wideman R, Dridi S. Comparative- and network-based proteomic analysis of bacterial chondronecrosis with osteomyelitis lesions in broiler's proximal tibiae identifies new molecular signatures of lameness. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5947. [PMID: 37045932 PMCID: PMC10097873 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33060-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial Chondronecrosis with Osteomyelitis (BCO) is a specific cause of lameness in commercial fast-growing broiler (meat-type) chickens and represents significant economic, health, and wellbeing burdens. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis remain poorly understood. This study represents the first comprehensive characterization of the proximal tibia proteome from healthy and BCO chickens. Among a total of 547 proteins identified, 222 were differentially expressed (DE) with 158 up- and 64 down-regulated proteins in tibia of BCO vs. normal chickens. Biological function analysis using Ingenuity Pathways showed that the DE proteins were associated with a variety of diseases including cell death, organismal injury, skeletal and muscular disorder, immunological and inflammatory diseases. Canonical pathway and protein-protein interaction network analysis indicated that these DE proteins were involved in stress response, unfolded protein response, ribosomal protein dysfunction, and actin cytoskeleton signaling. Further, we identified proteins involved in bone resorption (osteoclast-stimulating factor 1, OSFT1) and bone structural integrity (collagen alpha-2 (I) chain, COL2A1), as potential key proteins involved in bone attrition. These results provide new insights by identifying key protein candidates involved in BCO and will have significant impact in understanding BCO pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Cook
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, 1260 W. Maple Street, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA
| | - Elizabeth S Greene
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, 1260 W. Maple Street, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA
| | - Alison Ramser
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, 1260 W. Maple Street, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA
| | - Garrett Mullenix
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, 1260 W. Maple Street, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA
| | - Jalila S Dridi
- École Universitaire de Kinésithérapie, Université d'Orléans, Rue de Chartres, 45100, Orléans, France
| | - Rohana Liyanage
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, 1260 W. Maple Street, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA
| | - Robert Wideman
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, 1260 W. Maple Street, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA
| | - Sami Dridi
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, 1260 W. Maple Street, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA.
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21
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Saadeldin IM, Tanga BM, Bang S, Seo C, Maigoro AY, Kang H, Cha D, Yun SH, Kim SI, Lee S, Cho J. Isolation, characterization, proteome, miRNAome, and the embryotrophic effects of chicken egg yolk nanovesicles (vitellovesicles). Sci Rep 2023; 13:4204. [PMID: 36918605 PMCID: PMC10014936 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31012-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Egg yolk constitutes about a third of the structure of the chicken egg however, the molecular structure and physiological effects of egg yolk-derived lipid membranous vesicles are not clearly understood. In this study, for the first record, the egg yolk nanovesicles (vitellovesicles, VVs) were isolated, characterized, and used as a supplement for porcine embryo culture. Yolks of ten freshly oviposited eggs were filtered and ultracentrifuged at 100,000 × g for 3 h to obtain a pellet. Cryogenic transmission electron microscopy and nanoparticle tracking analysis of the pellet revealed bilipid membranous vesicles. Protein contents of the pellet were analyzed using tandem mass spectrometry and the miRNA content was also profiled through BGISEQ-500 sequencer. VVs were supplemented with the in vitro culture medium of day-7 hatched parthenogenetic blastocysts. After 2 days of blastocyst culture, the embryonic cell count was increased in VVs supplemented embryos in comparison to the non-supplemented embryos. TUNEL assay showed that apoptotic cells were increased in control groups when compared with the VVs supplemented group. Reduced glutathione was increased by 2.5 folds in the VVs supplemented group while reactive oxygen species were increased by 5.3 folds in control groups. Quantitative PCR analysis showed that VVs significantly increased the expression of lipid metabolism-associated genes (monoglyceride lipase and lipase E), anti-apoptotic gene (BCL2), and superoxide dismutase, while significantly reducing apoptotic gene (BAX). Culturing embryos on Matrigel basement membrane matrix indicated that VVs significantly enhanced embryo attachment and embryonic stem cell outgrowths compared to the non-supplemented group. This considers the first report to characterize the molecular bioactive cargo contents of egg yolk nanovesicles to show their embryotrophic effect on mammalian embryos. This effect might be attributed to the protein and miRNA cargo contents of VVs. VVs can be used for the formulation of in vitro culture medium for mammalian embryos including humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Islam M Saadeldin
- Laboratory of Theriogenology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, 99, Daehak-Ro, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea.
- Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea.
| | - Bereket Molla Tanga
- Laboratory of Theriogenology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, 99, Daehak-Ro, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonggyu Bang
- Laboratory of Theriogenology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, 99, Daehak-Ro, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Chaerim Seo
- Laboratory of Theriogenology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, 99, Daehak-Ro, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Abdulkadir Y Maigoro
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Heejae Kang
- Laboratory of Theriogenology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, 99, Daehak-Ro, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Dabin Cha
- Laboratory of Theriogenology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, 99, Daehak-Ro, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Ho Yun
- Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Ochang, 28119, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Il Kim
- Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Ochang, 28119, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghoon Lee
- Laboratory of Theriogenology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, 99, Daehak-Ro, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongki Cho
- Laboratory of Theriogenology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, 99, Daehak-Ro, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea.
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22
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Hypermethylation of ACADVL is involved in the high-intensity interval training-associated reduction of cardiac fibrosis in heart failure patients. J Transl Med 2023; 21:187. [PMID: 36894992 PMCID: PMC9999524 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04032-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging evidence suggests that DNA methylation can be affected by physical activities and is associated with cardiac fibrosis. This translational research examined the implications of DNA methylation associated with the high-intensity interval training (HIIT) effects on cardiac fibrosis in patients with heart failure (HF). METHODS Twelve HF patients were included and received cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging with late gadolinium enhancement for cardiac fibrosis severity and a cardiopulmonary exercise test for peak oxygen consumption ([Formula: see text]O2peak). Afterwards, they underwent 36 sessions of HIIT at alternating 80% and 40% of [Formula: see text]O2peak for 30 min per session in 3-4 months. Human serum from 11 participants, as a means to link cell biology to clinical presentations, was used to investigate the exercise effects on cardiac fibrosis. Primary human cardiac fibroblasts (HCFs) were incubated in patient serum, and analyses of cell behaviour, proteomics (n = 6) and DNA methylation profiling (n = 3) were performed. All measurements were conducted after completing HIIT. RESULTS A significant increase (p = 0.009) in [Formula: see text]O2peak (pre- vs. post-HIIT = 19.0 ± 1.1 O2 ml/kg/min vs. 21.8 ± 1.1 O2 ml/kg/min) was observed after HIIT. The exercise strategy resulted in a significant decrease in left ventricle (LV) volume by 15% to 40% (p < 0.05) and a significant increase in LV ejection fraction by approximately 30% (p = 0.010). LV myocardial fibrosis significantly decreased from 30.9 ± 1.2% to 27.2 ± 0.8% (p = 0.013) and from 33.4 ± 1.6% to 30.1 ± 1.6% (p = 0.021) in the middle and apical LV myocardium after HIIT, respectively. The mean single-cell migration speed was significantly (p = 0.044) greater for HCFs treated with patient serum before (2.15 ± 0.17 μm/min) than after (1.11 ± 0.12 μm/min) HIIT. Forty-three of 1222 identified proteins were significantly involved in HIIT-induced altered HCF activities. There was significant (p = 0.044) hypermethylation of the acyl-CoA dehydrogenase very long chain (ACADVL) gene with a 4.474-fold increase after HIIT, which could activate downstream caspase-mediated actin disassembly and the cell death pathway. CONCLUSIONS Human investigation has shown that HIIT is associated with reduced cardiac fibrosis in HF patients. Hypermethylation of ACADVL after HIIT may contribute to impeding HCF activities. This exercise-associated epigenetic reprogramming may contribute to reduce cardiac fibrosis and promote cardiorespiratory fitness in HF patients. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT04038723. Registered 31 July 2019, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04038723 .
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23
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Campellone KG, Lebek NM, King VL. Branching out in different directions: Emerging cellular functions for the Arp2/3 complex and WASP-family actin nucleation factors. Eur J Cell Biol 2023; 102:151301. [PMID: 36907023 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2023.151301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The actin cytoskeleton impacts practically every function of a eukaryotic cell. Historically, the best-characterized cytoskeletal activities are in cell morphogenesis, motility, and division. The structural and dynamic properties of the actin cytoskeleton are also crucial for establishing, maintaining, and changing the organization of membrane-bound organelles and other intracellular structures. Such activities are important in nearly all animal cells and tissues, although distinct anatomical regions and physiological systems rely on different regulatory factors. Recent work indicates that the Arp2/3 complex, a broadly expressed actin nucleator, drives actin assembly during several intracellular stress response pathways. These newly described Arp2/3-mediated cytoskeletal rearrangements are coordinated by members of the Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome Protein (WASP) family of actin nucleation-promoting factors. Thus, the Arp2/3 complex and WASP-family proteins are emerging as crucial players in cytoplasmic and nuclear activities including autophagy, apoptosis, chromatin dynamics, and DNA repair. Characterizations of the functions of the actin assembly machinery in such stress response mechanisms are advancing our understanding of both normal and pathogenic processes, and hold great promise for providing insights into organismal development and interventions for disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth G Campellone
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Institute for Systems Genomics; University of Connecticut; Storrs, CT, USA.
| | - Nadine M Lebek
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Institute for Systems Genomics; University of Connecticut; Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Virginia L King
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Institute for Systems Genomics; University of Connecticut; Storrs, CT, USA
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24
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Kaur R, Jain R, Budholiya N, Rathore AS. Long term culturing of CHO cells: phenotypic drift and quality attributes of the expressed monoclonal antibody. Biotechnol Lett 2023; 45:357-370. [PMID: 36707452 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-023-03346-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Establishing cell lines with enhanced protein production requires a deep understanding of the cellular dynamics and cell line stability. The aim of the study is to investigate the impact of long term culturing (LTC) on cell morphology and altered cellular functions possibly leading to phenotypic drift, impacting product yield and quality. Study highlights the orthogonal cellular and analytical assay toolbox to define cell line stability for optimal culture performance and product quality. METHODS We investigated recombinant monoclonal antibody (mAb) expressing CHO cells for 60 passages or 180 generations and assessed the cell growth characteristics and morphology by confocal and scanning electron microscopy. Quality attributes of expressed mAb is accessed by performing charge variants, glycan, and host cell protein analysis. RESULTS We observed a 1.65-fold increase in viable cell population and 1.3-fold increase in cell specific growth rate. A 2.5-fold decrease in antibody titer and abatement of actin filament indicate cellular phenotypic drift. Mitochondrial membrane potential (∆ΨM) signified cell health and metabolic activity during LTC. Host cell protein production is reduced by 1.8-fold. Charge heterogeneity was perturbed with 12.5% and 43% reduction in abundance of acidic and basic charge variants respectively. Glycan profile indicated a decline in fucosylation with 17% increase in galactosylated species as compared with early passaged cells. CONCLUSION LTC impinges on cellular phenotype as well as the quality of the expressed antibody, suggesting a defined subculturing limit to retain stable protein expression and cell morphology to achieve consistent product quality. Study signifies the changes in cellular and metabolic markers, suggesting cellular and analytical toolbox which could play a significant role in defining cell characteristics and ensured product quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajinder Kaur
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Ritu Jain
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Niharika Budholiya
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Anurag S Rathore
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India.
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25
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Manaf NA, Wahab AA, Rasheed HA, Aziz MNC, Salim MIM, Sahalan M, Hum YC, Lai KW. Investigation of single beam ultrasound sensitivity as a monitoring tool for local hyperthermia treatment in breast cancer. MULTIMEDIA TOOLS AND APPLICATIONS 2023; 82:5011-5030. [DOI: 10.1007/s11042-021-11845-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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26
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Early postmortem muscle proteome and metabolome of beef longissimus thoracis muscle classified by pH at 6 hours postmortem. J Proteomics 2023; 271:104756. [PMID: 36273510 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2022.104756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The objective was to identify metabolome and proteome differences at 1 h and 1 d postmortem between longissimus thoracis (LT) muscle classified based on 6 h pH values. Twenty beef LT rib sections were sorted based on 6 h postmortem pH values into low (LpH; pH < 5.55; n = 9) and high (HpH; pH > 5.84; n = 8) pH classifications. Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBSF), desmin degradation, and calpain-1 autolysis were measured. Two-dimensional difference in gel electrophoresis (3-10, 4-7, and 6-9 pH range) and Tandem mass tagging (TMT) protein analyses were employed to determine how the sarcoplasmic protein profile varied across pH classification. Non-targeted metabolomic analyses were conducted on extracts prepared at 1 h and 1 d postmortem. The LpH classification had a lower WBSF value at 1 d postmortem, which was explained by greater calpain-1 autolysis and desmin degradation at 1 d postmortem. Proteome and metabolome analysis revealed a phenotype that promotes more rapid energy metabolism in the LpH group. Proteome and metabolome analyses identified energy production, apoptotic, calcium homeostasis, and proteasome systems influencing pH classifications that could explain the observed pH, proteolysis, and beef tenderness differences. SIGNIFICANCE: This study is the first to identify proteomic and metabolomic variations early (1 h and 1 day) postmortem that are linked to differences in early (6 h) postmortem pH values and to tenderness differences at 1 day postmortem. This study integrates postmortem biochemical features (protein degradation, proteome, and metabolome variations) to postmortem pH decline and eating quality of beef steaks. Potential biomarkers of more rapid postmortem metabolism linked to earlier tenderization in beef are suggested. Identification of these biochemical features will assist in predicting the eating quality of beef products.
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27
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Chen H, Guan X, Liu Q, Yang L, Guo J, Gao F, Qi Y, Wu X, Zhang F, Tian X. Co-assembled Nanocarriers of De Novo Thiol-Activated Hydrogen Sulfide Donors with an RGDFF Pentapeptide for Targeted Therapy of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:53475-53490. [PMID: 36413755 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c14570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide releasing agents (or H2S donors) have been recognized gasotransmitters with potent cytoprotective and anticancer properties. However, the clinical application of H2S donors has been hampered by their fast H2S-release, instability, and lack of tumor targeting, despite the unclear molecular mechanism of H2S action. Here we rationally designed an amphiphilic pentapeptide (RGDFF) to coassemble with the de novo designed thiol-activated H2S donors (CL2/3) into nanocarriers for targeted therapy of non-small-cell lung cancer, which has been proved as a one-stone-three-birds strategy. The coassembly approach simply solved the solubility issue of CL2/3 by the introduction of electron-donating groups (phenyl rings) to slow down the H2S release while dramatically improving their biocompatible interface, circulation time, slow release of H2S, and tumor targeting. Experimental results confirmed that as-prepared coassembled nanocarriers can significantly induce the intrinsic apoptotic, effectively arrest cell cycle at the G2/M phase, inhibit H2S-producing enzymes, and lead to mitochondrial dysfunction by increasing intracellular ROS production in H1299 cells. The mouse tumorigenesis experiments further confirmed the in vivo anticancer effects of the coassembled nanocarriers, and such treatment made tumors more sensitive to radiotherapy then improved the prognosis of tumor-bearing mice, which holds great promise for developing a new combined approach for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Chen
- The School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Xinzao Town, Panyu District, Guangzhou 511436, China
- Luoyang Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Food and Drug, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, China
| | - Xiaoying Guan
- The School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Xinzao Town, Panyu District, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Qianqian Liu
- The Emergency Department, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan 511518, China
| | - Longcui Yang
- The School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Xinzao Town, Panyu District, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Jun Guo
- Key Laboratory of Optical Technology and Instrument for Medicine, Ministry of Education, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Feng Gao
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou 325001, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Yueheng Qi
- Luoyang Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Food and Drug, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, China
| | - Xiongting Wu
- Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- The School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Xinzao Town, Panyu District, Guangzhou 511436, China
- Key Laboratory of Optical Technology and Instrument for Medicine, Ministry of Education, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou 325001, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Xiumei Tian
- The School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Xinzao Town, Panyu District, Guangzhou 511436, China
- The Emergency Department, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan 511518, China
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Mossakowska BJ, Fabisiewicz A, Tudek B, Siedlecki JA. Possible Mechanisms of Resistance Development to Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) In Vulvar Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314689. [PMID: 36499013 PMCID: PMC9741432 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a low-invasive treatment method that can be used to treat VIN patients. A photosensitizer (PS) applied to a patient is activated with use of the appropriate wavelength of light, which in an oxygen environment leads to the formation of a reactive oxygen species (ROS) that destroys the tumor. However, cells can protect themselves against these cytotoxic products by increasing their antioxidant mechanisms and repair capacity. Changes in the cytoskeleton may also influence resistance to PDT. Our results revealed that PDT-resistant cells changed the amount of ROS. Cells resistant to PDT A-431 exhibited a decreased ROS level and showed higher viability after oxidizing agent treatment. Resistant Cal-39 cells exhibited a decreased O2- level but increased other ROS. This provides protection from PDT but not from other oxidizing agents. Moreover, PDT leads to alterations in the cytoskeleton that may result in an epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) or increased adhesion. Both EMT and cell adhesion may activate signaling pathways involved in survival. This means that resistance to PDT in vulvar cancer may be at least in part a result of changes in ROS level and alterations in the cytoskeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Joanna Mossakowska
- Department of Molecular and Translational Oncology, Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Anna Fabisiewicz
- Department of Molecular and Translational Oncology, Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Barbara Tudek
- Faculty of Biology, Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Warsaw, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Janusz Aleksander Siedlecki
- Department of Molecular and Translational Oncology, Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland
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De Silva E, Paul M, Kim H. Apoptosis in platelets is independent of the actin cytoskeleton. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0276584. [PMID: 36378629 PMCID: PMC9665360 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0276584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Homeostasis between platelet production and clearance is essential for human health. A critical facet of the balance that facilitates platelet clearance from the circulation is apoptosis (programmed cell death). The precise cellular mechanisms that underpin platelet apoptosis are not defined. In nucleated cells, reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton is known to regulate platelet apoptosis. However, the role of the actin cytoskeleton in regulating apoptosis in platelets has not been extensively studied as they are anucleate and exhibit a distinctive physiology. Here, apoptosis was induced in washed human platelets using ABT-737, a BH3-mimetic drug. Mitochondrial depolarization was measured using the ratiometric dye JC-1; surface phosphatidylserine (PS) exposure was measured by annexin V binding; caspase-3 activation was measured by Western blotting. All three apoptotic markers were unaffected by the presence of either the actin depolymerizing drug cytochalasin D or the actin polymerizing drug jasplakinolide. Moreover, platelets were isolated from wild-type (WT) mice and mice deficient in gelsolin (Gsn), an actin-binding protein that is essential for normal cytoskeletal remodeling. In response to ABT-737, gelsolin-null (Gsn-/-) platelets initially showed accelerated PS exposure relative to WT platelets, however, both WT and Gsn-/- platelets exhibited similar levels of mitochondrial depolarization and caspase-3 activation in response to ABT-737. We conclude that ABT-737 induces established markers of platelet apoptosis in an actin-independent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enoli De Silva
- Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Manoj Paul
- Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Hugh Kim
- Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- * E-mail:
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30
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Nguyen T, Yue Z, Slominski R, Welner R, Zhang J, Chen JY. WINNER: A network biology tool for biomolecular characterization and prioritization. Front Big Data 2022; 5:1016606. [DOI: 10.3389/fdata.2022.1016606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and contributionIn network biology, molecular functions can be characterized by network-based inference, or “guilt-by-associations.” PageRank-like tools have been applied in the study of biomolecular interaction networks to obtain further the relative significance of all molecules in the network. However, there is a great deal of inherent noise in widely accessible data sets for gene-to-gene associations or protein-protein interactions. How to develop robust tests to expand, filter, and rank molecular entities in disease-specific networks remains an ad hoc data analysis process.ResultsWe describe a new biomolecular characterization and prioritization tool called Weighted In-Network Node Expansion and Ranking (WINNER). It takes the input of any molecular interaction network data and generates an optionally expanded network with all the nodes ranked according to their relevance to one another in the network. To help users assess the robustness of results, WINNER provides two different types of statistics. The first type is a node-expansion p-value, which helps evaluate the statistical significance of adding “non-seed” molecules to the original biomolecular interaction network consisting of “seed” molecules and molecular interactions. The second type is a node-ranking p-value, which helps evaluate the relative statistical significance of the contribution of each node to the overall network architecture. We validated the robustness of WINNER in ranking top molecules by spiking noises in several network permutation experiments. We have found that node degree–preservation randomization of the gene network produced normally distributed ranking scores, which outperform those made with other gene network randomization techniques. Furthermore, we validated that a more significant proportion of the WINNER-ranked genes was associated with disease biology than existing methods such as PageRank. We demonstrated the performance of WINNER with a few case studies, including Alzheimer's disease, breast cancer, myocardial infarctions, and Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). In all these case studies, the expanded and top-ranked genes identified by WINNER reveal disease biology more significantly than those identified by other gene prioritizing software tools, including Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) and DiAMOND.ConclusionWINNER ranking strongly correlates to other ranking methods when the network covers sufficient node and edge information, indicating a high network quality. WINNER users can use this new tool to robustly evaluate a list of candidate genes, proteins, or metabolites produced from high-throughput biology experiments, as long as there is available gene/protein/metabolic network information.
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Sethi A, Wei H, Mishra N, Segos I, Lambie EJ, Zanin E, Conradt B. A caspase-RhoGEF axis contributes to the cell size threshold for apoptotic death in developing Caenorhabditis elegans. PLoS Biol 2022; 20:e3001786. [PMID: 36201522 PMCID: PMC9536578 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3001786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
A cell's size affects the likelihood that it will die. But how is cell size controlled in this context and how does cell size impact commitment to the cell death fate? We present evidence that the caspase CED-3 interacts with the RhoGEF ECT-2 in Caenorhabditis elegans neuroblasts that generate "unwanted" cells. We propose that this interaction promotes polar actomyosin contractility, which leads to unequal neuroblast division and the generation of a daughter cell that is below the critical "lethal" size threshold. Furthermore, we find that hyperactivation of ECT-2 RhoGEF reduces the sizes of unwanted cells. Importantly, this suppresses the "cell death abnormal" phenotype caused by the partial loss of ced-3 caspase and therefore increases the likelihood that unwanted cells die. A putative null mutation of ced-3 caspase, however, is not suppressed, which indicates that cell size affects CED-3 caspase activation and/or activity. Therefore, we have uncovered novel sequential and reciprocal interactions between the apoptosis pathway and cell size that impact a cell's commitment to the cell death fate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Sethi
- Faculty of Biology, Center for Integrative Protein Sciences Munich (CIPSM), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
- Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, Division of Biosciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Hai Wei
- Faculty of Biology, Center for Integrative Protein Sciences Munich (CIPSM), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Nikhil Mishra
- Faculty of Biology, Center for Integrative Protein Sciences Munich (CIPSM), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Ioannis Segos
- Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, Division of Biosciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Eric J. Lambie
- Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, Division of Biosciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Esther Zanin
- Faculty of Biology, Center for Integrative Protein Sciences Munich (CIPSM), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
- Department Biology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Barbara Conradt
- Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, Division of Biosciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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Mariconda A, Iacopetta D, Sirignano M, Ceramella J, Costabile C, Pellegrino M, Rosano C, Catalano A, Saturnino C, El‐Kashef H, Aquaro S, Sinicropi MS, Longo P. N-Heterocyclic Carbene (NHC) Silver Complexes as Versatile Chemotherapeutic Agents Targeting Human Topoisomerases and Actin. ChemMedChem 2022; 17:e202200345. [PMID: 35904129 PMCID: PMC9804882 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202200345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the number of people suffering from cancer has risen rapidly and the World Health Organization and U.S. and European governments have identified this pathology as a priority issue. It is known that most bioactive anticancer molecules do not target a single protein but exert pleiotropic effects, simultaneously affecting multiple pathways. In our study, we designed and synthesized a new series of silver N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) complexes [(NHC)2 Ag]+ [AgX2 ]- (X=iodide or acetate). The new complexes were active against two human breast cancer cell lines, MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231. These compounds showed multiple target actions as anticancer, by inhibiting in vitro the activity of the human topoisomerases I and II and interfering with the cytoskeleton dynamic, as also confirmed by in silico studies. Moreover, the antimicrobial activity of these silver complexes was studied against Gram-positive/negative bacteria. These dual properties provide a two-tiered approach, making these compounds of interest to be further deepened for the development of new chemotherapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annaluisa Mariconda
- Department of ScienceUniversity of BasilicataViale dell'Ateneo Lucano 1085100PotenzaItaly
| | - Domenico Iacopetta
- Department of PharmacyHealthand Nutritional SciencesUniversity of CalabriaVia Pietro Bucci87036Arcavacata diRendeItaly
| | - Marco Sirignano
- Department of Chemistry and BiologyUniversity of SalernoVia Giovanni Paolo II, 132Fisciano84084Italy
| | - Jessica Ceramella
- Department of PharmacyHealthand Nutritional SciencesUniversity of CalabriaVia Pietro Bucci87036Arcavacata diRendeItaly
| | - Chiara Costabile
- Department of Chemistry and BiologyUniversity of SalernoVia Giovanni Paolo II, 132Fisciano84084Italy
| | - Michele Pellegrino
- Department of PharmacyHealthand Nutritional SciencesUniversity of CalabriaVia Pietro Bucci87036Arcavacata diRendeItaly
| | - Camillo Rosano
- Biopolymers and Proteomics IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino – ISTLargo R. Benzi 1016132GenovaItaly
| | - Alessia Catalano
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug SciencesUniversity of Bari “Aldo Moro”Via Edoardo Orabona 470126BariItaly
| | - Carmela Saturnino
- Department of ScienceUniversity of BasilicataViale dell'Ateneo Lucano 1085100PotenzaItaly
| | | | - Stefano Aquaro
- Department of PharmacyHealthand Nutritional SciencesUniversity of CalabriaVia Pietro Bucci87036Arcavacata diRendeItaly
| | - Maria Stefania Sinicropi
- Department of PharmacyHealthand Nutritional SciencesUniversity of CalabriaVia Pietro Bucci87036Arcavacata diRendeItaly
| | - Pasquale Longo
- Department of Chemistry and BiologyUniversity of SalernoVia Giovanni Paolo II, 132Fisciano84084Italy
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Castrogiovanni P, Barbagallo I, Imbesi R, Musumeci G, Sanfilippo C, Broggi G, Caltabiano R, Tibullo D, Giallongo C, Forte S, Li Volti G, Di Rosa M. Chitinase domain containing 1 increase is associated with low survival rate and M0 macrophages infiltrates in colorectal cancer patients. Pathol Res Pract 2022; 237:154038. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2022.154038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Hansanant N, Smith L. Occidiofungin: Actin Binding as a Novel Mechanism of Action in an Antifungal Agent. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11091143. [PMID: 36139923 PMCID: PMC9494966 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11091143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The identification and development of natural products into novel antimicrobial agents is crucial to combat the rise of multidrug-resistant microorganisms. Clinical fungal isolates have been identified, which have shown resistance to all current clinical antifungals, highlighting a significant need to develop a novel antifungal agent. One of the natural products produced by the bacterium Burkholderia contaminans MS14 is the glycolipopeptide occidiofungin. Occidiofungin has demonstrated in vitro activity against a multitude of fungal species, including multidrug-resistant Candida auris strains, and in vivo effectiveness in treating vulvovaginal candidiasis. Characterization of occidiofungin revealed the mechanism of action as binding to actin to disrupt higher-order actin-mediated functions leading to the induction of apoptosis in fungal cells. Occidiofungin is the first small molecule capable of disrupting higher-order actin functions and is a first-in-class compound that is able to circumvent current antifungal resistant mechanisms by fungal species. Anticancer properties and antiparasitic activities, against Cryptosporidium parvum, have also been demonstrated in vitro. The novel mechanism of action and wide spectrum of activity highlights the potential of occidiofungin to be developed for clinical use.
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35
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The p53 and Calcium Regulated Actin Rearrangement in Model Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169078. [PMID: 36012344 PMCID: PMC9408879 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Long-term cellular stress maintains high intracellular Ca2+ concentrations which ultimately initiates apoptosis. Our interest is focused on how the gelsolin (GSN) and junctional mediating and regulating Y protein (JMY) play important roles in stress response. Both of these proteins can bind p53 and actin. We investigated using in vitro fluorescence spectroscopy and found that the p53 competes with actin in GSN to inhibit p53–JMY complex formation. A high Ca2+ level initializes p53 dimerization; the dimer competes with actin on JMY, which can lead to p53–JMY cotransport into the nucleus. Here we investigated how the motility and division rate of HeLa cells changes due to low-voltage electroporation of GSN or JMY in scratching assays. We revealed that JMY inhibits their motion, but that it can accelerate the cell division. GSN treatment slows down cell division but does not affect cell motility. HeLa cells fully recovered the gap 20 h after the electroporation with JMY and then started to release from the glass slides. Taken together, our in vitro results indicate that GSN and JMY may play an important role in the cellular stress response.
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36
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Paliwal K, Haldar P, Antharjanam PKS, Kumar M. Mixed Ligand Mononuclear Copper(II) Complex as a Promising Anticancer Agent: Interaction Studies with DNA/HSA, Molecular Docking, and In Vitro Cytotoxicity Studies. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:21961-21977. [PMID: 35785271 PMCID: PMC9245097 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c02354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The isolated copper(II) complex [CuL(o-phen)]·H2O (1) [H2L = o-HO-C6H4C(H)=N-C6H4-SH-o, o-phen = 1,10-phenanthroline] was structurally characterized using single-crystal X-ray crystallography. 1 in CH3CN at liquid nitrogen temperature displayed a characteristic monomeric X-band electron paramagnetic resonance spectrum having a tetragonal character with g ∥ = 2.1479 and g ⊥ = 2.0691 and A ∥ ≈ 18.0 mT and A ⊥ ≤ 3.9 mT, respectively. 1 showed a strong binding affinity toward calf thymus DNA as reflected from its intrinsic binding constant (K b = 7.88 × 105 M-1), and its competitive displacement of ethidium bromide suggested an intercalative DNA-binding mode (K app = 1.32 × 106 M-1). This was confirmed from the viscosity study that showed an increase in the viscosity of DNA with an increasing concentration of 1. Complex 1 is highly efficient in promoting oxidative and hydrolytic DNA cleavage (k obs = 1.987 h-1). 1 showed a strong binding affinity with the carrier protein human serum albumin (HSA) (K a = 5.22 × 105 M-1). A high bimolecular quenching constant k q = 2.29 × 1013 M-1s-1 indicated a static quenching mechanism involved in the fluorescence quenching of HSA by 1. Fluorescence resonance energy transfer theory suggested that the distance (r = 3.52 nm) between 1 and HSA is very close. Molecular docking studies suggested that 1 primarily binds to HSA in subdomain IIA. A protein-ligand interaction profiler was used to visualize hydrophobic, hydrogen bonds, and π-cation interactions between HSA and 1. A 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay using HeLa and MDA-MB-231 cells showed a significant in vitro anticancer activity of 1 (IC50 2.63 and 2.68 μM, respectively). Nuclear staining assays suggested apoptotic cell death in HeLa cells treated with 1. The effect of 1 on the cytoskeletal actin filaments visualized using phalloidin staining showed extensive destruction of actin filaments. Flow cytometric analysis indicated that 1 inhibits the growth of HeLa cells through cell cycle arrest in the S phase. Western blot analysis showed upregulation in the expression of apoptotic marker proteins caspase 3, p53, and Bax. These results collectively indicate that 1 induces apoptosis by promoting DNA damage and has a high potential to act as an anticancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumudini Paliwal
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Birla Institute
of Technology and Science-Pilani, K. K. Birla Goa Campus, Zuarinagar, Goa 403726, India
| | - Paramita Haldar
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Birla Institute
of Technology and Science-Pilani, K. K. Birla Goa Campus, Zuarinagar, Goa 403726, India
| | | | - Manjuri Kumar
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Birla Institute
of Technology and Science-Pilani, K. K. Birla Goa Campus, Zuarinagar, Goa 403726, India
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Rossi M, Cappadone C, Picone G, Bisi A, Farruggia G, Belluti F, Blasi P, Gobbi S, Malucelli E. Natural-like Chalcones with Antitumor Activity on Human MG63 Osteosarcoma Cells. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27123751. [PMID: 35744886 PMCID: PMC9229256 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27123751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a malignant disease characterized by poor prognosis due to a high incidence of metastasis and chemoresistance. Recently, Licochalcone A (Lic-A) has been reported as a promising agent against OS. Starting from chalcones selected from a wide in-house library, a new series was designed and synthetized. The antitumor activity of the compounds was tested on the MG63 OS cell line through the innovative Quantitative Phase Imaging technique and MTT assay. To further investigate the biological profile of active derivatives, cell cycle progression and apoptosis induction were evaluated. An earlier and more consistent arrest in the G2-M phase with respect to Lic-A was observed. Moreover, apoptosis was assessed by Annexin V staining as well as by the detection of typical morphological features of apoptotic cells. Among the selected compounds, 1e, 1q, and 1r proved to be the most promising antitumor molecules. This study pointed out that an integrated methodological approach may constitute a valuable platform for the rapid screening of large series of compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Rossi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via San Donato 19/2, 40127 Bologna, Italy; (M.R.); (C.C.); (G.P.); (G.F.); (P.B.); (E.M.)
| | - Concettina Cappadone
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via San Donato 19/2, 40127 Bologna, Italy; (M.R.); (C.C.); (G.P.); (G.F.); (P.B.); (E.M.)
| | - Giovanna Picone
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via San Donato 19/2, 40127 Bologna, Italy; (M.R.); (C.C.); (G.P.); (G.F.); (P.B.); (E.M.)
| | - Alessandra Bisi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (A.B.); (F.B.)
| | - Giovanna Farruggia
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via San Donato 19/2, 40127 Bologna, Italy; (M.R.); (C.C.); (G.P.); (G.F.); (P.B.); (E.M.)
| | - Federica Belluti
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (A.B.); (F.B.)
| | - Paolo Blasi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via San Donato 19/2, 40127 Bologna, Italy; (M.R.); (C.C.); (G.P.); (G.F.); (P.B.); (E.M.)
| | - Silvia Gobbi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (A.B.); (F.B.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Emil Malucelli
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via San Donato 19/2, 40127 Bologna, Italy; (M.R.); (C.C.); (G.P.); (G.F.); (P.B.); (E.M.)
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Moffat D, Ye K, Jin S. Decellularization for the retention of tissue niches. J Tissue Eng 2022; 13:20417314221101151. [PMID: 35620656 PMCID: PMC9128068 DOI: 10.1177/20417314221101151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Decellularization of natural tissues to produce extracellular matrix is a promising method for three-dimensional scaffolding and for understanding microenvironment of the tissue of interest. Due to the lack of a universal standard protocol for tissue decellularization, recent investigations seek to develop novel methods for whole or partial organ decellularization capable of supporting cell differentiation and implantation towards appropriate tissue regeneration. This review provides a comprehensive and updated perspective on the most recent advances in decellularization strategies for a variety of organs and tissues, highlighting techniques of chemical, physical, biological, enzymatic, or combinative-based methods to remove cellular contents from tissues. In addition, the review presents modernized approaches for improving standard decellularization protocols for numerous organ types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deana Moffat
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Binghamton University, State University of New York (SUNY), Binghamton, NY, USA
| | - Kaiming Ye
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Binghamton University, State University of New York (SUNY), Binghamton, NY, USA
- Center of Biomanufacturing for Regenerative Medicine, Binghamton University, State University of New York (SUNY), Binghamton, NY, USA
| | - Sha Jin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Binghamton University, State University of New York (SUNY), Binghamton, NY, USA
- Center of Biomanufacturing for Regenerative Medicine, Binghamton University, State University of New York (SUNY), Binghamton, NY, USA
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Adinew GM, Messeha SS, Taka E, Badisa RB, Antonie LM, Soliman KFA. Thymoquinone Alterations of the Apoptotic Gene Expressions and Cell Cycle Arrest in Genetically Distinct Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells. Nutrients 2022; 14:2120. [PMID: 35631261 PMCID: PMC9144154 DOI: 10.3390/nu14102120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer in women worldwide, and it is one of the leading causes of cancer death in women. triple-negative breast Cancer (TNBC), a subtype of BC, is typically associated with the highest pathogenic grade and incidence in premenopausal and young African American (AA) women. Chemotherapy, the most common treatment for TNBC today, can lead to acquired resistance and ineffective treatment. Therefore, novel therapeutic approaches are needed to combat medication resistance and ineffectiveness in TNBC patients. Thymoquinone (TQ) is shown to have a cytotoxic effect on human cancer cells in vitro. However, TQ's mode of action and precise mechanism in TNBC disease in vitro have not been adequately investigated. Therefore, TQ's effects on the genetically different MDA-MB-468 and MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cell lines were assessed. The data obtained show that TQ displayed cytotoxic effects on MDA-MB-468 and MDA-MB-231 cells in a time- and concentration-dependent manner after 24 h, with IC50 values of 25.37 µM and 27.39 µM, respectively. Moreover, MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 cells in a scratched wound-healing assay displayed poor wound closure, inhibiting invasion and migration via cell cycle blocking after 24 h. TQ arrested the cell cycle phase in MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 cells. The three cell cycle stages in MDA-MB-468 cells were significantly affected at 15 and 20 µM for G0/G1 and S phases, as well as all TQ concentrations for G2/M phases. In MDA-MB-468 cells, there was a significant decrease in G0/G1 phases with a substantial increase in the S phase and G2/M phases. In contrast, MDA-MB-231 showed a significant effect only during the two cell cycle stages (S and G2/M), at concentrations of 15 and 20 µM for S phases and all TQ values for G2/M phases. The TQ effect on the apoptotic gene profiles indicated that TQ upregulated 15 apoptotic genes in MDA-MB-231 TNBC cells, including caspases, GADD45A, TP53, DFFA, DIABLO, BNIP3, TRAF2/3, and TNFRSF10A. In MDA-MB-468 cells, 16 apoptotic genes were upregulated, including TNFRSF10A, TNF, TNFRSF11B, FADD TNFRSF10B, CASP2, and TRAF2, all of which are important for the apoptotic pathway andsuppress the expression of one anti-apoptotic gene, BIRC5, in MDA-MB-231 cells. Compared to MDA-MB-231 cells, elevated levels of TNF and their receptor proteins may contribute to their increased sensitivity to TQ-induced apoptosis. It was concluded from this study that TQ targets the MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 cells differently. Additionally, due to the aggressive nature of TNBC and the lack of specific therapies in chemoresistant TNBC, our findings related to the identified apoptotic gene profile may point to TQ as a potential agent for TNBC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Karam F. A. Soliman
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Public Health, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA; (G.M.A.); (S.S.M.); (E.T.); (R.B.B.); (L.M.A.)
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Ceramella J, Mariconda A, Sirignano M, Iacopetta D, Rosano C, Catalano A, Saturnino C, Sinicropi MS, Longo P. Novel Au Carbene Complexes as Promising Multi-Target Agents in Breast Cancer Treatment. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15050507. [PMID: 35631334 PMCID: PMC9146163 DOI: 10.3390/ph15050507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past decade, metal complexes based on N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) have attracted great attention due to their wide and exciting applications in material sciences and medicinal chemistry. In particular, the gold-based complexes are the focus of research efforts for the development of new anticancer compounds. Literature data and recent results, obtained by our research group, reported the design, the synthesis and the good anticancer activity of some silver and gold complexes with NHC ligands. In particular, some of these complexes were active towards some breast cancer cell lines. Considering this evidence, here we report some new Au-NHC complexes prepared in order to improve solubility and biological activity. Among them, the compounds 1 and 6 showed an interesting anticancer activity towards the breast cancer MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cell lines, respectively. In addition, in vitro and in silico studies demonstrated that they were able to inhibit the activity of the human topoisomerases I and II and the actin polymerization reaction. Moreover, a downregulation of vimentin expression and a reduced translocation of NF-kB into the nucleus was observed. The interference with these vital cell structures induced breast cancer cells’ death by triggering the extrinsic apoptotic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Ceramella
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy; (J.C.); (M.S.S.)
| | - Annaluisa Mariconda
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, Viale dell’Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (A.M.); (C.S.)
| | - Marco Sirignano
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (M.S.); (P.L.)
| | - Domenico Iacopetta
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy; (J.C.); (M.S.S.)
- Correspondence: (D.I.); (C.R.); Tel.: +39-0984-493200 (D.I.)
| | - Camillo Rosano
- U.O. Proteomica e Spettrometria di Massa, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo R. Benzi 10, 1632 Genova, Italy
- Correspondence: (D.I.); (C.R.); Tel.: +39-0984-493200 (D.I.)
| | - Alessia Catalano
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70126 Bari, Italy;
| | - Carmela Saturnino
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, Viale dell’Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (A.M.); (C.S.)
| | - Maria Stefania Sinicropi
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy; (J.C.); (M.S.S.)
| | - Pasquale Longo
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (M.S.); (P.L.)
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Mishra S, Ghanim M. Interactions of Liberibacter Species with Their Psyllid Vectors: Molecular, Biological and Behavioural Mechanisms. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23074029. [PMID: 35409386 PMCID: PMC8999863 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23074029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Liberibacter is a group of plant pathogenic bacteria, transmitted by insect vectors, psyllids (Hemiptera: Psylloidea), and has emerged as one of the most devastating pathogens which have penetrated into many parts of the world over the last 20 years. The pathogens are known to cause plant diseases, such as Huanglongbing (citrus greening disease), Zebra chip disease, and carrot yellowing, etc., threatening some very important agricultural sectors, including citrus, potato and others. Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas), the causative agent of citrus greening disease, is one of the most important pathogens of this group. This pathogen has infected most of the citrus trees in the US, Brazil and China, causing tremendous decline in citrus productivity, and, consequently, a severely negative impact on economic and personnel associated with citrus and related industries in these countries. Like other members in this group, CLas is transmitted by the Asian citrus psyllid (ACP, Diaphorina citri) in a persistent circulative manner. An additional important member of this group is Ca. L. solanacearum (CLso), which possesses nine haplotypes and infects a variety of crops, depending on the specific haplotype and the insect vector species. Ongoing pathogen control strategies, that are mainly based on use of chemical pesticides, lack the necessary credentials of being technically feasible, and environmentally safe. For this reason, strategies based on interference with Liberibacter vector transmission have been adopted as alternative strategies for the prevention of infection by these pathogens. A significant amount of research has been conducted during the last 10-15 years to understand the aspects of transmission of these bacterial species by their psyllid vectors. These research efforts span biological, ecological, behavioural and molecular aspects of Liberibacter–psyllid interactions, and will be reviewed in this manuscript. These attempts directed towards devising new means of disease control, endeavoured to explore alternative strategies, instead of relying on using chemicals for reducing the vector populations, which is the sole strategy currently employed and which has profound negative effects on human health, beneficial organisms and the environment.
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Deng S, Leong HC, Datta A, Gopal V, Kumar AP, Yap CT. PI3K/AKT Signaling Tips the Balance of Cytoskeletal Forces for Cancer Progression. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:1652. [PMID: 35406424 PMCID: PMC8997157 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14071652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The PI3K/AKT signaling pathway plays essential roles in multiple cellular processes, which include cell growth, survival, metabolism, and motility. In response to internal and external stimuli, the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway co-opts other signaling pathways, cellular components, and cytoskeletal proteins to reshape individual cells. The cytoskeletal network comprises three main components, which are namely the microfilaments, microtubules, and intermediate filaments. Collectively, they are essential for many fundamental structures and cellular processes. In cancer, aberrant activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling cascade and alteration of cytoskeletal structures have been observed to be highly prevalent, and eventually contribute to many cancer hallmarks. Due to their critical roles in tumor progression, pharmacological agents targeting PI3K/AKT, along with cytoskeletal components, have been developed for better intervention strategies against cancer. In our review, we first discuss existing evidence in-depth and then build on recent advances to propose new directions for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Deng
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117593, Singapore; (S.D.); (V.G.)
- NUS Centre for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore;
| | - Hin Chong Leong
- NUS Centre for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore;
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore;
- Departments of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore
| | - Arpita Datta
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore;
| | - Vennila Gopal
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117593, Singapore; (S.D.); (V.G.)
| | - Alan Prem Kumar
- NUS Centre for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore;
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore;
- Departments of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore
- National University Cancer Institute, National University Health System, Singapore 119074, Singapore
| | - Celestial T. Yap
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117593, Singapore; (S.D.); (V.G.)
- NUS Centre for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore;
- National University Cancer Institute, National University Health System, Singapore 119074, Singapore
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Ghosh A, Coffin M, West R, Fowler VM. Erythroid differentiation in mouse erythroleukemia cells depends on Tmod3-mediated regulation of actin filament assembly into the erythroblast membrane skeleton. FASEB J 2022; 36:e22220. [PMID: 35195928 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202101011r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Erythroid differentiation (ED) is a complex cellular process entailing morphologically distinct maturation stages of erythroblasts during terminal differentiation. Studies of actin filament (F-actin) assembly and organization during terminal ED have revealed essential roles for the F-actin pointed-end capping proteins, tropomodulins (Tmod1 and Tmod3). Tmods bind tropomyosins (Tpms), which enhance Tmod capping and F-actin stabilization. Tmods can also nucleate F-actin assembly, independent of Tpms. Tmod1 is present in the red blood cell (RBC) membrane skeleton, and deletion of Tmod1 in mice leads to a mild compensated anemia due to mis-regulated F-actin lengths and membrane instability. Tmod3 is not present in RBCs, and global deletion of Tmod3 leads to embryonic lethality in mice with impaired ED. To further decipher Tmod3's function during ED, we generated a Tmod3 knockout in a mouse erythroleukemia cell line (Mel ds19). Tmod3 knockout cells appeared normal prior to ED, but showed defects during progression of ED, characterized by a marked failure to reduce cell and nuclear size, reduced viability, and increased apoptosis. Tmod3 does not assemble with Tmod1 and Tpms into the Triton X-100 insoluble membrane skeleton during ED, and loss of Tmod3 had no effect on α1,β1-spectrin and protein 4.1R assembly into the membrane skeleton. However, F-actin, Tmod1 and Tpms failed to assemble into the membrane skeleton during ED in absence of Tmod3. We propose that Tmod3 nucleation of F-actin assembly promotes incorporation of Tmod1 and Tpms into membrane skeleton F-actin, and that this is integral to morphological maturation and cell survival during erythroid terminal differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arit Ghosh
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
| | - Megan Coffin
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
| | - Richard West
- Delaware Biotechnology Institute, Newark, Delaware, USA
| | - Velia M Fowler
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
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Anceschi L, Codeluppi A, Brighenti V, Tassinari R, Taglioli V, Marchetti L, Roncati L, Alessandrini A, Corsi L, Pellati F. Chemical characterization of non-psychoactive Cannabis sativa L. extracts, in vitro antiproliferative activity and induction of apoptosis in chronic myelogenous leukaemia cancer cells. Phytother Res 2022; 36:914-927. [PMID: 35107862 PMCID: PMC9304126 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
In this study, extracts from non‐psychoactive Cannabis sativa L. varieties were characterized by means of ultra high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with high‐resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC‐HRMS) and their antiproliferative activity was assessed in vitro. The human chronic myelogenous leukaemia cell line K562 was chosen to investigate the mechanism of cell death. The effect on the cell cycle and cell death was analysed by flow cytometry. Proteins related to apoptosis were studied by western blotting. Mechanical properties of cells were assessed using the Micropipette Aspiration Technique (MAT). The results indicated that the cannabidiol (CBD)‐rich extract inhibited cell proliferation of K562 cell line in a dose‐dependent manner and induced apoptosis via caspase 3 and 7 activation. A significant decrease in the mitochondrial membrane potential was detected, together with the release of cytochrome c into the cytosol. The main apoptotic markers were not involved in the mechanism of cell death. The extract was also able to modify the mechanical properties of cells. Thus, this hemp extract and its pure component CBD deserve further investigation for a possible application against myeloproliferative diseases, also in association with other anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Anceschi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.,Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Alessandro Codeluppi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Virginia Brighenti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Riccardo Tassinari
- National Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Stem Cell Bioengineering-Eldor Lab, National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems (NIBB), Innovation Accelerator, CNR, Bologna, Italy
| | - Valentina Taglioli
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Lucia Marchetti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.,Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Luca Roncati
- Institute of Pathology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Andrea Alessandrini
- Department of Physics, Informatics and Mathematics, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.,National Research Council (CNR), CNR-Nanoscience Institute-S3, Modena, Italy.,Biostructures and Biosystems National Institute (INBB) Inter-University Consortium, Rome, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Corsi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.,Biostructures and Biosystems National Institute (INBB) Inter-University Consortium, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Pellati
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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Ersland E, Ebrahim N, Mwizerwa O, Oba T, Oku K, Nishino M, Hikimoto D, Miyoshi H, Tomotoshi K, Rahmanian O, Ekwueme E, Neville C, Sundback C. Human Vascular Wall Microfluidic Model for Preclinical Evaluation of Drug-Induced Vascular Injury. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2022; 28:83-92. [PMID: 35114818 PMCID: PMC9022170 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2021.0227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug-induced vascular injury (DIVI) in preclinical animal models often leads to candidate compound termination during drug development. DIVI has not been documented in human clinical trials with drugs that cause DIVI in preclinical animals. A robust human preclinical assay for DIVI is needed as an early vascular injury screen. A human vascular wall microfluidic tissue chip was developed with a human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC)-umbilical artery smooth muscle cell (vascular smooth muscle cell, VSMC) bilayer matured under physiological shear stress. Optimized temporal flow profiles produced HUVEC-VSMC bilayers with quiescent endothelial cell (EC) monolayers, EC tight junctions, and contractile VSMC morphology. Dose-response testing (3-30 μM concentration) was conducted with minoxidil and tadalafil vasodilators. Both drugs have demonstrated preclinical DIVI but lack clinical evidence. The permeability of severely damaged engineered bilayers (30 μM tadalafil) was 4.1 times that of the untreated controls. Immunohistochemical protein assays revealed contrasting perspectives on tadalafil and minoxidil-induced damage. Tadalafil impacted the endothelial monolayer with minor injury to the contractile VSMCs, whereas minoxidil demonstrated minor EC barrier injury but damaged VSMCs and activated ECs in a dose-response manner. This proof-of-concept human vascular wall bilayer model of DIVI is a critical step toward developing a preclinical human screening assay for drug development. Impact statement More than 90% of drug candidates fail during clinical trials due to human efficacy and toxicity concerns. Preclinical studies rely heavily on animal models, although animal toxicity and drug metabolism responses often differ from humans. During the drug development process, perfused in vitro human tissue chips could model the clinical drug response and potential toxicity of candidate compounds. Our long-term objective is to develop a human vascular wall tissue chip to screen for drug-induced vascular injury. Its application could ultimately reduce drug development delays and costs, and improve patient safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Ersland
- Department of Surgery, Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Neven Ebrahim
- Department of Surgery, Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Olive Mwizerwa
- Department of Surgery, Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Takahiro Oba
- Bioscience and Engineering Laboratories, FUJIFILM Corporation, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Keisuke Oku
- Bioscience and Engineering Laboratories, FUJIFILM Corporation, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masafumi Nishino
- Bioscience and Engineering Laboratories, FUJIFILM Corporation, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Daichi Hikimoto
- Bioscience and Engineering Laboratories, FUJIFILM Corporation, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hayato Miyoshi
- Bioscience and Engineering Laboratories, FUJIFILM Corporation, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kimihiko Tomotoshi
- Bioscience and Engineering Laboratories, FUJIFILM Corporation, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Omid Rahmanian
- Department of Surgery, Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Emmanuel Ekwueme
- Department of Surgery, Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Craig Neville
- Department of Surgery, Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Cathryn Sundback
- Department of Surgery, Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Address correspondence to: Cathryn Sundback, ScD, Department of Surgery, Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 01451, USA
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Poghosyan S, Frenkel N, Lentzas A, Laoukili J, Rinkes IB, Kranenburg O, Hagendoorn J. Loss of Neuropilin-2 in Murine Mesenchymal-like Colon Cancer Organoids Causes Mesenchymal-to-Epithelial Transition and an Acquired Dependency on Insulin-Receptor Signaling and Autophagy. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14030671. [PMID: 35158941 PMCID: PMC8833430 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14030671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Many cancer types are reported to have high lymphangiogenic receptor Neuropilin-2 (Nrp2) expression, including colorectal cancer (CRC). Nrp2 is shown to be associated with tumor progression in vivo and poor prognosis in CRC patients. Although the role of Nrp2 is well established in lymphangiogenesis, the tumor cell-intrinsic role of Nrp2 remains elusive. Here, we employed murine CRC tumor-derived mesenchymal-like organoids to induce Nrp2 depletion. We demonstrate that Nrp2 deletion in CRC organoids results in a drastically altered phenotype that is characterized by mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition (MET), and an acquired dependency on IR signaling and autophagy. This phenotype is preserved in subcutaneous tumors generated by CRC organoids. We conclude that there is a complex interaction between Nrp2 and alternative pro-survival mechanisms in aggressive CRC, which could be therapeutically exploited. Abstract Neuropilin-2 (Nrp2), an important regulator of lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis, has been associated with progression in colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the tumor cell-intrinsic role of Nrp2 in cancer progression is incompletely understood. To address this question, we employed CRISPR-Cas9 technology to generate Nrp2-knockout organoids derived from murine CRC tumors with a mesenchymal phenotype. Transcriptome profiling and tumor tissue analysis showed that Nrp2 loss resulted in mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition (MET), which was accompanied with restored polarity and tight junction stabilization. Signaling pathway analysis revealed that Nrp2-knockout organoids acquire de novo dependency on insulin receptor (IR) signaling and autophagy as alternative survival mechanisms. Combined inhibition of IR signaling and autophagy prevented the stabilization of cell-cell junctions, reduced metabolic activity, and caused profound cell death in Nrp2-knockout organoids. Collectively, the data demonstrate a key role for Nrp2 in maintaining the aggressive phenotype and survival of tumor-derived CRC organoids. The identified connection between Nrp2, insulin receptor signaling and autophagy may guide the development of novel combination-treatment strategies for aggressive CRC.
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Wound Healing from an Actin Cytoskeletal Perspective. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2022; 14:cshperspect.a041235. [DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a041235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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48
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Myconoside interacts with the plasma membranes and the actin cytoskeleton and provokes cytotoxicity in human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2022; 54:31-43. [PMID: 34988784 DOI: 10.1007/s10863-021-09928-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Studies have been carried out on the effects of the phenyl glycoside myconoside, extracted from the relict, Balkan endemic resurrection plant Haberlea rhodopensis on the plasma membrane structural organization and the actin cytoskeleton. Because the plasma membrane is the first target of exogenous bioactive compounds, we focused our attention on the influence of myconoside on the membrane lipid order and actin cytoskeleton in human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells, using fluorescent spectroscopy and microscopy techniques. We found that low myconoside concentration (5 μg/ml) did not change cell viability but was able to increase plasma membrane lipid order of the treated cells. Higher myconoside concentration (20 μg/ml) inhibited cell viability by decreasing plasma membrane lipid order and impairing actin cytoskeleton. We hypothesize that the observed changes in the plasma membrane structural organization and the actin cytoskeleton are functionally connected to cell viability. Biomimetic membranes were used to demonstrate that myconoside is able to reorganize the membrane lipids by changing the fraction of sphingomyelin-cholesterol enriched domains. Thus, we propose a putative mechanism of action of myconoside on A549 cells plasma membrane lipids as well as on actin filaments in order to explain its cytotoxic effect at high myconoside concentration.
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Shinge SAU, Zhang D, Din AU, Yu F, Nie Y. Emerging Piezo1 signaling in inflammation and atherosclerosis; a potential therapeutic target. Int J Biol Sci 2022; 18:923-941. [PMID: 35173527 PMCID: PMC8771847 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.63819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose of Review: Atherosclerosis is the principal cause of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) which are the major cause of death worldwide. Mechanical force plays an essential role in cardiovascular health and disease. To bring the awareness of mechanosensitive Piezo1 role in atherosclerosis and its therapeutic potentials we review recent literature to highlight its involvement in various mechanisms of the disease. Recent Findings: Recent studies reported Piezo1 channel as a sensor, and transducer of various mechanical forces into biochemical signals, which affect various cellular activities such as proliferation, migration, apoptosis and vascular remodeling including immune/inflammatory mechanisms fundamental phenomenon in atherogenesis. Summary: Numerous evidences suggest Piezo1 as a player in different mechanisms of cell biology, including immune/inflammatory and other cellular mechanisms correlated with atherosclerosis. This review discusses mechanistic insight about this matter and highlights the drugability and therapeutic potentials consistent with emerging functions Piezo1 in various mechanisms of atherosclerosis. Based on the recent works, we suggest Piezo1 as potential therapeutic target and a valid candidate for future research. Therefore, a deeper exploration of Piezo1 biology and translation towards the clinic will be a novel strategy for treating atherosclerosis and other CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shafiu A. Umar Shinge
- Cardiovascular Surgery Department, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan PRC
| | - Daifang Zhang
- Cardiovascular Surgery Department, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan PRC
- Clinical Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan PRC
| | - Ahmad Ud Din
- Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan PRC
| | - FengXu Yu
- Cardiovascular Surgery Department, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan PRC
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease of Sichuan Province, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan PRC
| | - YongMei Nie
- Cardiovascular Surgery Department, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan PRC
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease of Sichuan Province, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan PRC
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50
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Skarżyńska A, Kowalczyk M, Majchrzak M, Piętka M, Augustyniak AW, Siczek M, Włodarczyk K, Simiczyjew A, Nowak D. The two faces of platinum hydrospirophosphorane complexes—Not only relevant catalysts but cytotoxic compounds as well. Appl Organomet Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.6520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mariusz Majchrzak
- Faculty of Chemistry Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań Poznań Poland
| | - Marta Piętka
- Faculty of Chemistry Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań Poznań Poland
| | | | - Miłosz Siczek
- Faculty of Chemistry University of Wrocław Wrocław Poland
| | | | - Aleksandra Simiczyjew
- Department of Cell Pathology, Faculty of Biotechnology University of Wrocław Wrocław Poland
| | - Dorota Nowak
- Department of Cell Pathology, Faculty of Biotechnology University of Wrocław Wrocław Poland
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