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Wuensche TE, Stergiou N, Mes I, Verlaan M, Kooijman EJM, Windhorst AD, Jensen A, Asuni AA, Bang-Andersen B, van Dongen GAMS, Vugts DJ, Beaino W. Investigation of the Impact of the H310A FcRn Region Mutation on 89Zr-Immuno-PET Brain Imaging with a BBB-Shuttle Anti‑Amyloid Beta Antibody. Mol Imaging Biol 2024:10.1007/s11307-024-01931-z. [PMID: 39093482 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-024-01931-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE In the emerging field of antibody treatments for neurodegenerative diseases, reliable tools are needed to evaluate new therapeutics, diagnose and select patients, monitor disease progression, and assess therapy response. Immuno-PET combines the high affinity and exceptional specificity of monoclonal antibodies with the non-invasive imaging technique positron emission tomography (PET). Its application in neurodegenerative disease brain imaging has been limited due to the marginal uptake across the blood-brain barrier (BBB). The emergence of BBB-shuttle antibodies with enhanced uptake across the BBB extended immuno-PET to brain imaging. We recently reported about specific brain uptake of a bispecific aducanumab mTfR antibody in APP/PS1 TG mice using 89Zr-immuno-PET. However, a sufficient target-to-background ratio was reached at a relatively late scanning time point of 7 days post-injection. To investigate if a better target-to-background ratio could be achieved earlier, an aducanumab BBB-shuttle with a mutated Fc region for reduced FcRn affinity was evaluated. PROCEDURES AduH310A-8D3 and Adu-8D3 were modified with DFO*-NCS and subsequently radiolabeled with 89Zr. The potential influence of the H310A mutation, modification with DFO*-NCS, and subsequent radiolabeling on the in vitro binding to amyloid-beta and mTfR1 was investigated via amyloid-beta peptide ELISA and FACS analysis using mTfR1 transfected CHO-S cells. Blood kinetics, brain uptake, in vivo PET imaging and target engagement of radiolabeled AduH310A-8D3 were evaluated and compared to non-mutated Adu-8D3 in APP/PS1 TG mice and wild-type animals as controls. RESULTS Radiolabeling was performed with sufficient radiochemical yields and radiochemical purity. In vitro binding to amyloid-beta and mTfR1 showed no impairment. [89Zr]Zr-AduH310A-8D3 showed faster blood clearance and earlier differentiation of amyloid-beta-related brain uptake compared to [89Zr]Zr-Adu-8D3. However, only half of the brain uptake was observed for [89Zr]Zr-AduH310A-8D3. CONCLUSIONS Although a faster blood clearance of AduH310A-8D3 was observed, it was concluded that no beneficial effects for 89Zr-immuno-PET imaging of brain uptake were obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas E Wuensche
- Department Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Natascha Stergiou
- Department Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Iris Mes
- Department Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mariska Verlaan
- Department Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Esther J M Kooijman
- Department Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Albert D Windhorst
- Department Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Brain Imaging, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Allan Jensen
- H. Lundbeck A/S, Ottiliavej 9, 2500, Valby, Denmark
| | | | | | - Guus A M S van Dongen
- Department Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Brain Imaging, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Danielle J Vugts
- Department Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Brain Imaging, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wissam Beaino
- Department Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Brain Imaging, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Tuo H, Li X, Du H, Li M, Xu C, Yu Z, Zhao H. FOLR1-stabilized β-catenin promotes laryngeal carcinoma progression through EGFR/AKT/GSK-3β pathway. Mol Carcinog 2024; 63:34-44. [PMID: 37702010 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Folate receptor 1 (FOLR1) is overexpressed in numerous epithelial malignancies; however, its role in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) remains unclear. In the present study, we demonstrated that FOLR1 messenger RNA and protein expression levels were higher in LSCC tissues than in the adjacent normal tissues. Additionally, FOLR1 promoted the proliferation and migration of LSCC cells, whereas small interfering RNA-mediated knockdown of β-catenin abolished these effects. Moreover, FOLR1 stabilizes β-catenin by inhibiting its ubiquitination and degradation. Furthermore, blocking the interaction between epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and the EGFR/AKT/glycogen synthase (GSK)3β signaling axis both abolished FOLR1's effects on the expression and nuclear aggregation of β-catenin. In summary, our work reveals a novel mode in which FOLR1 promotes the proliferation and migration of LSCC by enhancing the stability and nuclear translocation of β-catenin through the EGFR/AKT/GSK3β axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huawei Tuo
- Department of Otolaryngology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Xuemei Li
- Department of Dermatology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Haixia Du
- Department of Otolaryngology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Man Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Chenli Xu
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Zizhong Yu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Huzi Zhao
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
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Nasiri F, Farrokhi K, Safarzadeh Kozani P, Mahboubi Kancha M, Dashti Shokoohi S, Safarzadeh Kozani P. CAR-T cell immunotherapy for ovarian cancer: hushing the silent killer. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1302307. [PMID: 38146364 PMCID: PMC10749368 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1302307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023] Open
Abstract
As the most lethal gynecologic oncological indication, carcinoma of the ovary has been ranked as the 5th cause of cancer-related mortality in women, with a high percentage of the patients being diagnosed at late stages of the disease and a five-year survival of ~ 30%. Ovarian cancer patients conventionally undergo surgery for tumor removal followed by platinum- or taxane-based chemotherapy; however, a high percentage of patients experience tumor relapse. Cancer immunotherapy has been regarded as a silver lining in the treatment of patients with various immunological or oncological indications; however, mirvetuximab soravtansine (a folate receptor α-specific mAb) and bevacizumab (a VEGF-A-specific mAb) are the only immunotherapeutics approved for the treatment of ovarian cancer patients. Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy has achieved tremendous clinical success in the treatment of patients with certain B-cell lymphomas and leukemias, as well as multiple myeloma. In the context of solid tumors, CAR-T therapies face serious obstacles that limit their therapeutic benefit. Such hindrances include the immunosuppressive nature of solid tumors, impaired tumor infiltration, lack of qualified tumor-associated antigens, and compromised stimulation and persistence of CAR-Ts following administration. Over the past years, researchers have made arduous attempts to apply CAR-T therapy to ovarian cancer. In this review, we outline the principles of CAR-T therapy and then highlight its limitations in the context of solid tumors. Ultimately, we focus on preclinical and clinical findings achieved in CAR-T-mediated targeting of different ovarian cancer-associated target antigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Nasiri
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Production Platforms & Analytics, Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Khadijeh Farrokhi
- Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology, Amol University of Special Modern Technologies, Amol, Iran
| | - Pouya Safarzadeh Kozani
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maral Mahboubi Kancha
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Setareh Dashti Shokoohi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pooria Safarzadeh Kozani
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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Chuangchot N, Jamjuntra P, Yangngam S, Luangwattananun P, Thongchot S, Junking M, Thuwajit P, Yenchitsomanus PT, Thuwajit C. Enhancement of PD-L1-attenuated CAR-T cell function through breast cancer-associated fibroblasts-derived IL-6 signaling via STAT3/AKT pathways. Breast Cancer Res 2023; 25:86. [PMID: 37480115 PMCID: PMC10362675 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-023-01684-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carcinoma-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) play a critical role in cancer progression and immune cell modulation. In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the roles of CAFs-derived IL-6 in doxorubicin (Dox) resistance and PD-L1-mediated chimeric antigenic receptor (CAR)-T cell resistance in breast cancer (BCA). METHODS CAF conditioned-media (CM) were collected, and the IL-6 level was measured by ELISA. CAF-CM were treated in MDA-MB-231 and HCC70 TNBC cell lines and siIL-6 receptor (IL-6R) knocked down (KD) cells to determine the effect of CAF-derived IL-6 on Dox resistance by flow cytometry and on increased PD-L1 through STAT3, AKT and ERK1/2 pathways by Western blot analysis. After pre-treating with CM, the folate receptor alpha (FRα)-CAR T cell cytotoxicity was evaluated in 2D and 3D spheroid culture assays. RESULTS The results showed a significant level of IL-6 in CAF-CM compared to that of normal fibroblasts (NFs). The CM with high IL-6 level significantly induced Dox resistance; and PD-L1 expression through STAT3 and AKT pathways in MDA-MB-231 and HCC70 cells. These induction effects were attenuated in siIL-6R KD cells. Moreover, the TNBC cell lines that were CM-treated with STAT3 and an AKT inhibitor had a reduced effect of IL-6 on PD-L1 expression. BCA cells with high IL-6 containing-CM treatment had resistance to cancer cell killing by FRα CAR-T cells compared to untreated cells. CONCLUSION These results highlight CAF-derived IL-6 in the resistance of chemotherapy and T cell therapy. Using inhibitors of IL6-STAT3/AKT-PD-L1 axis may provide a potential benefit of Dox and CAR-T cell therapies in BCA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisa Chuangchot
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence for Cancer Immunotherapy, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Pranisa Jamjuntra
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Supaporn Yangngam
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Piriya Luangwattananun
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence for Cancer Immunotherapy, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Suyanee Thongchot
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence for Cancer Immunotherapy, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Mutita Junking
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence for Cancer Immunotherapy, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Peti Thuwajit
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Pa-Thai Yenchitsomanus
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence for Cancer Immunotherapy, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Chanitra Thuwajit
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand.
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Herzog TJ, Pignata S, Ghamande SA, Rubio MJ, Fujiwara K, Vulsteke C, Armstrong DK, Sehouli J, Coleman RL, Gabra H, Scambia G, Monk BJ, Arranz JA, Ushijima K, Hanna R, Zamagni C, Wenham RM, González-Martín A, Slomovitz B, Jia Y, Ramsay L, Tewari KS, Weil SC, Vergote IB. Randomized phase II trial of farletuzumab plus chemotherapy versus placebo plus chemotherapy in low CA-125 platinum-sensitive ovarian cancer. Gynecol Oncol 2023; 170:300-308. [PMID: 36758420 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2023.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The primary purpose of this study was to determine if farletuzumab, an antifolate receptor-α monoclonal antibody, improved progression-free survival (PFS) versus placebo when added to standard chemotherapy regimens in patients with platinum-sensitive recurrent ovarian cancer (OC) in first relapse (platinum-free interval: 6-36 months) with low cancer antigen 125 (CA-125) levels. METHODS Eligibility included CA-125 ≤ 3 x upper limit of normal (ULN, 105 U/mL), high-grade serous, platinum-sensitive recurrent OC, previous treatment with debulking surgery, and first-line platinum-based chemotherapy with 1st recurrence between 6 and 36 months since frontline platinum-based treatment. Patients received investigator's choice of either carboplatin (CARBO)/paclitaxel (PTX) every 3 weeks or CARBO/pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD) every 4 weeks x6 cycles in combination with either farletuzumab [5 mg/kg weekly] or placebo randomized in a 2:1 ratio. Maintenance treatment with farletuzumab (5 mg/kg weekly) or placebo was given until disease progression or intolerance. RESULTS 214 patients were randomly assigned to farletuzumab+chemotherapy (142 patients) versus placebo+chemotherapy (72 patients). The primary efficacy endpoint, PFS, was not significantly different between treatment groups (1-sided α = 0.10; p-value = 0.25; hazard ratio [HR] = 0.89, 80% confidence interval [CI]: 0.71, 1.11), a median of 11.7 months (95% CI: 10.2, 13.6) versus 10.8 months (95% CI: 9.5, 13.2) for farletuzumab+chemotherapy and placebo+chemotherapy, respectively. No new safety concerns were identified with the combination of farletuzumab+chemotherapy. CONCLUSIONS Adding farletuzumab to standard chemotherapy does not improve PFS in patients with OC who were platinum-sensitive in first relapse with low CA-125 levels. Folate receptor-α expression was not measured in this study. (Clinical Trial Registry NCT02289950).
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J Herzog
- University of Cincinnati Cancer Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
| | - Sandro Pignata
- Instituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli IRCCS, Fondazione Pascale (MITO), Napoli, Italy
| | | | - Maria-Jesús Rubio
- Hospital Universitario Reina Sofia, Grupo Español de Investigación en Cáncer de Ovario (GEICO) Group, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Keiichi Fujiwara
- Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka-City, Saitama, Japan
| | - Christof Vulsteke
- Center for Oncological Research (CORE), Antwerp University and Integrated Cancer Center, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Jalid Sehouli
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin and North-Eastern German Society for Gynecological Oncology (NOGGO), NOGGO, Germany
| | | | | | - Giovanni Scambia
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Bradley J Monk
- HonorHealth Research Institute, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Creighton University School of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Antionio González-Martín
- GEICO, Medical Oncology Department, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Madrid, Spain; Program in Solid Tumors, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Brian Slomovitz
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Ignace B Vergote
- Belgium and Luxembourg Gynaecological Oncology Group (BGOG) and University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Young O, Ngo N, Lin L, Stanbery L, Creeden JF, Hamouda D, Nemunaitis J. Folate Receptor as a Biomarker and Therapeutic Target in Solid Tumors. Curr Probl Cancer 2023; 47:100917. [PMID: 36508886 DOI: 10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2022.100917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Folate is a B vitamin necessary for basic biological functions, including rapid cell turnover occurring in cancer cell proliferation. Though the role of folate as a causative versus protective agent in carcinogenesis is debated, several studies have indicated that the folate receptor (FR), notably subtype folate receptor alpha (FRα), could be a viable biomarker for diagnosis, progression, and prognosis. Several cancers, including gastrointestinal, gynecological, breast, lung, and squamous cell head and neck cancers overexpress FR and are currently under investigation to correlate receptor status to disease state. Traditional chemotherapies have included antifolate medications, such as methotrexate and pemetrexed, which generate anticancer activity during the synthesis phase of the cell cycle. Increasingly, the repertoire of pharmacotherapies is expanding to include FR as a target, with a heterogenous pool of directed therapies. Here we discuss the FR, expression and effect in cancer biology, and relevant pharmacologic inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Young
- Department of Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH
| | - Nealie Ngo
- Department of Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH
| | - Leslie Lin
- Department of Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH
| | | | - Justin Fortune Creeden
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH
| | - Danae Hamouda
- Department of Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH
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Mata-Molanes JJ, Rebollo-Liceaga J, Martínez-Navarro EM, Manzano RG, Brugarolas A, Juan M, Sureda M. Relevance of Fc Gamma Receptor Polymorphisms in Cancer Therapy With Monoclonal Antibodies. Front Oncol 2022; 12:926289. [PMID: 35814459 PMCID: PMC9263556 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.926289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), including immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), are an important breakthrough for the treatment of cancer and have dramatically changed clinical outcomes in a wide variety of tumours. However, clinical response varies among patients receiving mAb-based treatment, so it is necessary to search for predictive biomarkers of response to identify the patients who will derive the greatest therapeutic benefit. The interaction of mAbs with Fc gamma receptors (FcγR) expressed by innate immune cells is essential for antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and this binding is often critical for their in vivo efficacy. FcγRIIa (H131R) and FcγRIIIa (V158F) polymorphisms have been reported to correlate with response to therapeutic mAbs. These polymorphisms play a major role in the affinity of mAb receptors and, therefore, can exert a profound impact on antitumor response in these therapies. Furthermore, recent reports have revealed potential mechanisms of ICIs to modulate myeloid subset composition within the tumour microenvironment through FcγR-binding, optimizing their anti-tumour activity. The purpose of this review is to highlight the clinical contribution of FcγR polymorphisms to predict response to mAbs in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan J. Mata-Molanes
- Oncology Platform, Hospital Quirónsalud Torrevieja, Alicante, Spain
- *Correspondence: Juan J. Mata-Molanes,
| | | | | | | | | | - Manel Juan
- Department of Immunology, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel Sureda
- Oncology Platform, Hospital Quirónsalud Torrevieja, Alicante, Spain
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Folate Transport and One-Carbon Metabolism in Targeted Therapies of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 14:cancers14010191. [PMID: 35008360 PMCID: PMC8750473 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14010191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
New therapies are urgently needed for epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), the most lethal gynecologic malignancy. To identify new approaches for targeting EOC, metabolic vulnerabilities must be discovered and strategies for the selective delivery of therapeutic agents must be established. Folate receptor (FR) α and the proton-coupled folate transporter (PCFT) are expressed in the majority of EOCs. FRβ is expressed on tumor-associated macrophages, a major infiltrating immune population in EOC. One-carbon (C1) metabolism is partitioned between the cytosol and mitochondria and is important for the synthesis of nucleotides, amino acids, glutathione, and other critical metabolites. Novel inhibitors are being developed with the potential for therapeutic targeting of tumors via FRs and the PCFT, as well as for inhibiting C1 metabolism. In this review, we summarize these exciting new developments in targeted therapies for both tumors and the tumor microenvironment in EOC.
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Grasso L, Kline JB, Nicolaides NC. Block-Removed Immunoglobulin Technology to enhance rituximab effector function by counteracting CA125-mediated immunosuppression. Oncol Lett 2021; 23:2. [PMID: 34820001 PMCID: PMC8607236 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.13120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Rituximab (RTX) is a CD20-targeting antibody that is the standard-of-care for patients with non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL) cases. RTX's mechanism of action includes complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). Recent clinical evidence suggests that high serum levels of the tumor-produced mucin 16 (MUC16) and cancer antigen 125 (CA125) have a negative impact on the effectiveness of RTX clinical activity in up to 40% of patients with follicular lymphoma. The present study sought to understand the possible mechanism underlying these results; therefore, cellular and molecular analyses of RTX and CA125 interaction were peformed, and a library of RTX variants was generated using a proprietary technology called Block-Removed Immunoglobulin Technology that combines randomized amino acid substitutions and high-throughput functional screenings to identify CA125-refractory RTX variants. The present study demonstrated that CA125 could bind to RTX and reduce its tumor cell killing activity. Furthermore, the study characterized an RTX variant, named NAV-006 (RTX-N109D), which was more refractory to the immunosuppressive effects mediated by CA125 as evidenced by its reduced CA125 interaction and increased activity of ADCC and CDC when compared with parent RTX. Taken together, these findings warranted further investigation on NAV-006 as a next generation anti-CD20 antibody that could improve the efficacy of parent RTX in NHL patients with high levels of CA125.
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Sakai H, Kawakami H, Teramura T, Onodera Y, Somers E, Furuuchi K, Uenaka T, Kato R, Nakagawa K. Folate receptor α increases chemotherapy resistance through stabilizing MDM2 in cooperation with PHB2 that is overcome by MORAb-202 in gastric cancer. Clin Transl Med 2021; 11:e454. [PMID: 34185411 PMCID: PMC8167866 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The main function of folate receptor α (FOLRα) has been considered to mediate intracellular folate uptake and induce tumor cell proliferation. Given the broad spectrum of expression among malignant tumors, including gastric cancer (GC) but not in normal tissue, FOLRα represents an attractive target for tumor-selective drug delivery. However, the efficacy of anti-FOLRα monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) has not been proved so far, with the reason for this failure remaining unclear, raising the need for a better understanding of FOLRα function. METHODS The distribution of FOLRα in GC cells was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. The impacts of FOLRα expression on the survival of GC patients and GC cell lines were examined with the Gene Expression Omnibus database and by siRNA of FOLRα. RNA-sequencing and Microarray analysis was conducted to identify the function of FOLRα. Proteins that interact with FOLRα were identified with shotgun LC-MS/MS. The antitumor efficacy of the anti-FOLRα mAb farletuzumab as well as the antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) consists of the farletuzumab and the tublin-depolymerizing agent eribulin (MORAb-202) was evaluated both in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS FOLRα was detected both at the cell membrane and in the cytoplasm. Shorter overall survival was associated with FOLRα expression in GC patients, whereas reduction of FOLRα attenuated cell proliferation without inducing cell death in GC cell lines. Transcriptomic and proteomic examinations revealed that the FOLRα-expressing cancer cells possess a mechanism of chemotherapy resistance supported by MDM2, and FOLRα indirectly regulates it through a chaperone protein prohibitin2 (PHB2). Although reduction of FOLRα brought about vulnerability for oxaliplatin by diminishing MDM2 expression, farletuzumab did not suppress the MDM2-mediated chemoresistance and cell proliferation in GC cells. On the other hand, MORAb-202 showed significant antitumor efficacy. CONCLUSIONS The ADC could be a more reasonable choice than mAb as a targeting agent for the FOLRα-expressing tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitomi Sakai
- Department of Medical OncologyKindai University Faculty of MedicineOsaka‐SayamaOsakaJapan
| | - Hisato Kawakami
- Department of Medical OncologyKindai University Faculty of MedicineOsaka‐SayamaOsakaJapan
| | - Takeshi Teramura
- Division of Cell Biology for Regenerative MedicineInstitute of Advanced Clinical MedicineKindai University Faculty of MedicineOsaka‐SayamaOsakaJapan
| | - Yuta Onodera
- Division of Cell Biology for Regenerative MedicineInstitute of Advanced Clinical MedicineKindai University Faculty of MedicineOsaka‐SayamaOsakaJapan
| | - Elizabeth Somers
- AD Franchise Special Mission, Eisai Inc.Woodcliff LakeNew JerseyUSA
| | - Keiji Furuuchi
- Epochal Precision Anti‐Cancer Therapeutics (EPAT), Eisai Inc.ExtonPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Toshimitsu Uenaka
- Epochal Precision Anti‐Cancer Therapeutics (EPAT), Eisai Inc.ExtonPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Ryoji Kato
- Department of Medical OncologyKindai University Faculty of MedicineOsaka‐SayamaOsakaJapan
| | - Kazuhiko Nakagawa
- Department of Medical OncologyKindai University Faculty of MedicineOsaka‐SayamaOsakaJapan
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11
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Shimizu T, Fujiwara Y, Yonemori K, Koyama T, Sato J, Tamura K, Shimomura A, Ikezawa H, Nomoto M, Furuuchi K, Nakajima R, Miura T, Yamamoto N. First-in-Human Phase 1 Study of MORAb-202, an Antibody-Drug Conjugate Comprising Farletuzumab Linked to Eribulin Mesylate, in Patients with Folate Receptor-α-Positive Advanced Solid Tumors. Clin Cancer Res 2021; 27:3905-3915. [PMID: 33926914 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-20-4740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE MORAb-202, an antibody-drug conjugate containing farletuzumab and eribulin with a cathepsin-B cleavable linker, targets folate receptor α (FRα)-expressing tumor cells. The primary objective of this first-in-human study was to evaluate the safety and tolerability of MORAb-202 in patients with solid tumors. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients ≥20 years with adequate organ function and FRα-positive solid tumors who failed to respond to standard therapy were eligible. Patients received MORAb-202 intravenously at doses of 0.3 to 1.2 mg/kg once every three weeks. Endpoints included dose-limiting toxicities, safety, tumor responses, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT03386942 (ClinicalTrials.gov). RESULTS Between November 28, 2017 and June 4, 2019, 22 patients (median age, 58.0 years) with advanced solid tumors were enrolled. Treatment-emergent adverse events occurred in 21 (95%) patients, with leukopenia and neutropenia in 10 (45%) patients each. One patient (0.9 mg/kg cohort) experienced two grade 3 dose-limiting toxicities: serum alanine aminotransferase and γ-glutamyl transferase increases. Following review by an independent adjudication committee, grade 1/2 interstitial lung disease thought to be related to MORAb-202 was identified in five (23%) patients. Complete response, partial response, and stable disease were observed in one, nine, and eight patients, respectively. The normalized predose serum FRα tended to be positively correlated with the maximum tumor shrinkage (R 2 = 0.2379; P = 0.0291). CONCLUSIONS The MTD of MORAb-202 was not reached. MORAb-202 demonstrated promising antitumor activity in FRα-positive solid tumors and was generally well-tolerated at the tested doses. Further investigations are required to establish appropriate dosage and clinical utility of MORAb-202.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshio Shimizu
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Yutaka Fujiwara
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Mitsui Memorial Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kan Yonemori
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Breast and Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takafumi Koyama
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Sato
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Tamura
- Department of Breast and Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akihiko Shimomura
- Department of Breast and Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Breast and Medical Oncology, Center Hospital of the National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Noboru Yamamoto
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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12
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Luangwattananun P, Junking M, Sujjitjoon J, Wutti-In Y, Poungvarin N, Thuwajit C, Yenchitsomanus PT. Fourth-generation chimeric antigen receptor T cells targeting folate receptor alpha antigen expressed on breast cancer cells for adoptive T cell therapy. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2021; 186:25-36. [PMID: 33389403 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-020-06032-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Treatment of breast cancer (BC) by standard methods is effective in the early stage, but ineffective in the advanced stage of disease. To develop an adoptive T cell therapy for advanced and severe BC, we generated fourth-generation chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells targeting folate receptor alpha antigen (FRα) expressed on BC cells, and preclinically evaluated their anti-BC activities. METHODS The fourth-generation FRα-CAR T cells containing extracellular FRα-specific single-chain variable fragment (scFv) and three intracellular costimulatory domains (CD28, 4-1BB, and CD27) linked to CD3ζ were generated using a lentiviral system, and then were evaluated for their anti-BC activities in two-dimensional and three-dimensional (spheroid) cultures. RESULTS When our fourth-generation FRα-CAR T cells were cocultured with FRα-expressing MDA-MB-231 BC cell line at an effector to target ratio of 20:1, these CAR T cells specifically lysed 88.7 ± 10.6% of the target cells. Interestingly, the cytotoxic lysis of FRα-CAR T cells was more pronounced in target cells with higher surface FRα expression. This specific cytotoxicity of the CAR T cells was not observed when cocultured with FRα-negative MCF10A normal breast-like cell line at the same ratio (34.3 ± 4.7%). When they were cocultured with MDA-MD-231 spheroid, the FRα-CAR T cells exhibited antitumor activity marked with spheroid size reduction and breakage. CONCLUSION This proof-of-concept study thus shows the feasibility of using these fourth-generation FRα-CAR T cells for adoptive T cell therapy in BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piriya Luangwattananun
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence for Cancer Immunotherapy (SiCORE-CIT), Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand.,Division of Molecular Medicine, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol, University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Mutita Junking
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence for Cancer Immunotherapy (SiCORE-CIT), Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand. .,Division of Molecular Medicine, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol, University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand.
| | - Jatuporn Sujjitjoon
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence for Cancer Immunotherapy (SiCORE-CIT), Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand.,Division of Molecular Medicine, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol, University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Yupanun Wutti-In
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence for Cancer Immunotherapy (SiCORE-CIT), Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand.,Graduate Program in Immunology, Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Naravat Poungvarin
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Chanitra Thuwajit
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence for Cancer Immunotherapy (SiCORE-CIT), Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand.,Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Pa-Thai Yenchitsomanus
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence for Cancer Immunotherapy (SiCORE-CIT), Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand. .,Division of Molecular Medicine, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol, University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand.
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13
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Salim L, Desaulniers JP. To Conjugate or to Package? A Look at Targeted siRNA Delivery Through Folate Receptors. Nucleic Acid Ther 2020; 31:21-38. [PMID: 33121373 DOI: 10.1089/nat.2020.0893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
RNA interference (RNAi) applications have evolved from experimental tools to study gene function to the development of a novel class of gene-silencing therapeutics. Despite decades of research, it was not until August 2018 that the US FDA approved the first-ever RNAi drug, marking a new era for RNAi therapeutics. Although there are many limitations associated with the inherent structure of RNA, delivery to target cells and tissues remains the most challenging. RNAs are unable to diffuse across cellular membranes due to their large size and polyanionic backbone and, therefore, require a delivery vector. RNAi molecules can be conjugated to a targeting ligand or packaged into a delivery vehicle. Alnylam has used both strategies in their FDA-approved formulations to achieve efficient delivery to the liver. To harness the full potential of RNAi therapeutics, however, we must be able to target additional cells and tissues. One promising target is the folate receptor α, which is overexpressed in a variety of tumors despite having limited expression and distribution in normal tissues. Folate can be conjugated directly to the RNAi molecule or used to functionalize delivery vehicles. In this review, we compare both delivery strategies and discuss the current state of research in the area of folate-mediated delivery of RNAi molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidya Salim
- Faculty of Science, University of Ontario Institute of Technology, Oshawa, Canada
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14
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Voutsadakis IA. Further Understanding of High-Grade Serous Ovarian Carcinogenesis: Potential Therapeutic Targets. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:10423-10437. [PMID: 33116896 PMCID: PMC7585777 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s249540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
High-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) is the most common type of ovarian cancer and the most lethal gynecologic malignancy due to advanced stage at presentation. Recent years have witnessed progress in the therapy of HGSOC with the introduction of PARP (poly-adenosine diphosphate ribose polymerase) inhibitors and the anti-angiogenic monoclonal antibody bevacizumab to the backbone of chemotherapy or as maintenance therapy after chemotherapy. The improved molecular understanding of ovarian cancer pathogenesis, which has brought these therapies into the clinic, aspires to extend the boundaries of therapies through elucidation of other molecular aspects of ovarian carcinogenesis. This accumulating knowledge has started to be translated to additional targeted therapies that are in various stages of development. These include inhibitors of the function of other proteins involved in homologous recombination deficiency (HRD), such as WEE1 kinase, ATM/ATR kinases and CDK12 inhibitors. Despite disappointing results with immune checkpoint inhibitors monotherapy, harnessing the immune system in HGSOC with combination therapies that promote antigen production and immune cell activation is an avenue being explored. This paper examines arising HGSOC therapies based on molecular understanding of pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis A Voutsadakis
- Algoma District Cancer Program, Sault Area Hospital, Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, Canada
- Section of Internal Medicine, Division of Clinical Sciences, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada
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15
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Scaranti M, Cojocaru E, Banerjee S, Banerji U. Exploiting the folate receptor α in oncology. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2020; 17:349-359. [PMID: 32152484 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-020-0339-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 258] [Impact Index Per Article: 64.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Folate receptor α (FRα) came into focus as an anticancer target many decades after the successful development of drugs targeting intracellular folate metabolism, such as methotrexate and pemetrexed. Binding to FRα is one of several methods by which folate is taken up by cells; however, this receptor is an attractive anticancer drug target owing to the overexpression of FRα in a range of solid tumours, including ovarian, lung and breast cancers. Furthermore, using FRα to better localize effective anticancer therapies to their target tumours using platforms such as antibody-drug conjugates, small-molecule drug conjugates, radioimmunoconjugates and, more recently, chimeric antigen receptor T cells could further improve the outcomes of patients with FRα-overexpressing cancers. FRα can also be harnessed for predictive biomarker research. Moreover, imaging FRα radiologically or in real time during surgery can lead to improved functional imaging and surgical outcomes, respectively. In this Review, we describe the current status of research into FRα in cancer, including data from several late-phase clinical trials involving FRα-targeted therapies, and the use of new technologies to develop FRα-targeted agents with improved therapeutic indices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Scaranti
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Elena Cojocaru
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Susana Banerjee
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Udai Banerji
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK.
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
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16
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Urinary Exosomes from Bladder Cancer Patients Show a Residual Cancer Phenotype despite Complete Pathological Downstaging. Sci Rep 2020; 10:5960. [PMID: 32249794 PMCID: PMC7136268 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-62753-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Invasive urinary bladder cancer shows high recurrence rates after cystectomy even with apparent complete downstaging at cystectomy. Exosomes are nano-sized vesicles important in cell-cell communication, which have been hypothesized to contribute to cancer dissemination and recurrence. The aim of this study was to investigate if pro-carcinogenic exosomes could be detected in urine from histologically downstaged bladder cancer patients. 13 Patients were included in this study. Paired ureter and urine samples from nine patients underwent mass spectrometry, while samples from the remaining patients were used for exosome characterization. At cystectomy, exosomes were isolated from bladder and ureter urine, whereafter quantitative proteome profiling was performed. Urinary exosomes clustered based on whether they came from the bladder, with tumour contact, or the ureters, without tumour contact, even though all came from completely downstaged patients. Proteins overexpressed in exosomes derived from bladder urine contained several oncogenes and were mainly associated with tumour metabolism pathways. Although patients were histologically tumour-free at cystectomy, the bladder urine contained exosomes with a carcinogenic metabolic profile. This suggests a continuous release of exosomes from the bladder, which may promote recurrence at distant sites through metabolic rewiring, even after apparent complete downstaging. These exosomes, coming from either undetected cancer cells or partly transformed cells, are likely to increase the risk of metastasis and encourages cystectomy even in completely downstaged patients.
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17
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Su L, Chen S, Zheng C, Wei H, Song X. Meta-Analysis of Gene Expression and Identification of Biological Regulatory Mechanisms in Alzheimer's Disease. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:633. [PMID: 31333395 PMCID: PMC6616202 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), also known as senile dementia, is a progressive neurodegenerative disease. The etiology and pathogenesis of AD have not yet been elucidated. We examined common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from different AD tissue microarray datasets by meta-analysis and screened the AD-associated genes from the common DEGs using GCBI. Then we studied the gene expression network using the STRING database and identified the hub genes using Cytoscape. Furthermore, we analyzed the microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with the AD-associated genes, and then identified feed-forward loops. Finally, we performed SNP analysis of the AD-associated genes. Our results identified 207 common DEGs, of which 57 have previously been reported to be associated with AD. The common DEG expression network identified eight hub genes, all of which were previously known to be associated with AD. Further study of the regulatory miRNAs associated with the AD-associated genes and other genes specific to neurodegenerative diseases revealed 65 AD-associated miRNAs. Analysis of the miRNA associated transcription factor-miRNA-gene-gene associated TF (mTF-miRNA-gene-gTF) network around the AD-associated genes revealed 131 feed-forward loops (FFLs). Among them, one important FFL was found between the gene SERPINA3, hsa-miR-27a, and the transcription factor MYC. Furthermore, SNP analysis of the AD-associated genes identified 173 SNPs, and also found a role in AD for miRNAs specific to other neurodegenerative diseases, including hsa-miR-34c, hsa-miR-212, hsa-miR-34a, and hsa-miR-7. The regulatory network constructed in this study describes the mechanism of cell regulation in AD, in which miRNAs and lncRNAs can be considered AD regulatory factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lining Su
- Department of Basic Medicine, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Sufen Chen
- Institute of Educational Science, Zhangjiakou, China
| | | | - Huiping Wei
- Department of Basic Medicine, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Xiaoqing Song
- Department of Basic Medicine, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
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18
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Kline JB, Fernando S, Ross EN, Grasso L, Nicolaides NC. Tumor-shed antigen CA125 blocks complement-mediated killing via suppression of C1q-antibody binding. Eur J Immunol 2018; 48:1872-1882. [DOI: 10.1002/eji.201847707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2018] [Revised: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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19
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Cheng X, Li J, Tanaka K, Majumder U, Milinichik AZ, Verdi AC, Maddage CJ, Rybinski KA, Fernando S, Fernando D, Kuc M, Furuuchi K, Fang F, Uenaka T, Grasso L, Albone EF. MORAb-202, an Antibody-Drug Conjugate Utilizing Humanized Anti-human FRα Farletuzumab and the Microtubule-targeting Agent Eribulin, has Potent Antitumor Activity. Mol Cancer Ther 2018; 17:2665-2675. [PMID: 30262588 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-17-1215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Microtubule-targeting agents (MTA) have been investigated for many years as payloads for antibody-drug conjugates (ADC). In many cases, these ADCs have shown limited benefits due to lack of efficacy or significant toxicity, which has spurred continued investigation into novel MTA payloads for next-generation ADCs. In this study, we have developed ADCs using the MTA eribulin, a derivative of the macrocyclic polyether natural product halichondrin B, as a payload. Eribulin ADCs demonstrated in vitro potency and specificity using various linkers and two different conjugation approaches. MORAb-202 is an investigational agent that consists of the humanized anti-human folate receptor alpha (FRA) antibody farletuzumab conjugated via reduced interchain disulfide bonds to maleimido-PEG2-valine-citrulline-p-aminobenzylcarbamyl-eribulin at a drug-to-antibody ratio of 4.0. MORAb-202 displayed preferable biophysical properties and broad potency across a number of FRA-positive tumor cell lines as well as demonstrated improved specificity in vitro compared with farletuzumab conjugated with a number of other MTA payloads, including MMAE, MMAF, and the reducible maytansine linker-payload sulfo-SPDB-DM4. A single-dose administration of MORAb-202 in FRA-positive human tumor cell line xenograft and patient-derived tumor xenograft models elicited a robust and durable antitumor response. These data support further investigation of MORAb-202 as a potential new treatment modality for FRA-positive cancers, using the novel MTA eribulin as a payload.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Cheng
- Department of Biochemistry Discovery, Oncology Biologics Laboratories, Oncology Business Group, Eisai Inc, Exton, Pennsylvania
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Translational Chemistry, Eisai AiM Institute, Eisai Inc., Andover, Massachusetts
| | - Keigo Tanaka
- Department of Chemistry Research, Eisai Co. Ltd., Tsukuba-Shi, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Utpal Majumder
- Department of Discovery Chemistry, Eisai AiM Institute, Eisai Inc., Andover, Massachusetts
| | - Andrew Z Milinichik
- Department of Biochemistry Discovery, Oncology Biologics Laboratories, Oncology Business Group, Eisai Inc, Exton, Pennsylvania
| | - Arielle C Verdi
- Department of Biochemistry Discovery, Oncology Biologics Laboratories, Oncology Business Group, Eisai Inc, Exton, Pennsylvania
| | - Christopher J Maddage
- Department of Preclinical Development, Oncology Biologics Laboratories, Oncology Business Group, Eisai Inc, Exton, Pennsylvania
| | - Katherine A Rybinski
- Department of Preclinical Development, Oncology Biologics Laboratories, Oncology Business Group, Eisai Inc, Exton, Pennsylvania
| | - Shawn Fernando
- Department of Bioanalytical Development, Oncology Biologics Laboratories, Oncology Business Group, Eisai Inc, Exton, Pennsylvania
| | - Danielle Fernando
- Department of Bioanalytical Development, Oncology Biologics Laboratories, Oncology Business Group, Eisai Inc, Exton, Pennsylvania
| | - Megan Kuc
- Department of Bioanalytical Development, Oncology Biologics Laboratories, Oncology Business Group, Eisai Inc, Exton, Pennsylvania
| | - Keiji Furuuchi
- Department of Preclinical Development, Oncology Biologics Laboratories, Oncology Business Group, Eisai Inc, Exton, Pennsylvania
| | - Frank Fang
- Department of Translational Chemistry, Eisai AiM Institute, Eisai Inc., Andover, Massachusetts
| | - Toshimitsu Uenaka
- Department of Preclinical Development, Oncology Biologics Laboratories, Oncology Business Group, Eisai Inc, Exton, Pennsylvania
| | - Luigi Grasso
- Department of Discovery Research, Morphotek Inc., Exton, Pennsylvania
| | - Earl F Albone
- Department of Biochemistry Discovery, Oncology Biologics Laboratories, Oncology Business Group, Eisai Inc, Exton, Pennsylvania.
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20
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Frontera ED, Khansa RM, Schalk DL, Leakan LE, Guerin-Edbauer TJ, Ratnam M, Gorski DH, Speyer CL. IgA Fc-folate conjugate activates and recruits neutrophils to directly target triple-negative breast cancer cells. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2018; 172:551-560. [PMID: 30155754 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-018-4941-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/25/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE According to the American Cancer Society, 1 in 8 women in the U.S. will develop breast cancer, with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) comprising 15-20% of all breast cancer cases. TNBC is an aggressive subtype due to its high metastatic potential and lack of targeted therapy. Recently, folate receptor alpha (FRA) is found to be expressed on 80% of TNBC with high expression correlating with poor prognosis. In this study, we examined whether binding IgA Fc-folate molecules to FRA receptors on TNBC cells can elicit and induce neutrophils (PMNs), by binding their FcαR1 receptors, to destroy TNBC cells. METHODS FRA was analyzed on TNBC cells and binding assays were performed using 3H-folate. Fc-folate was synthesized by linking Fc fragments of IgA via amine groups to folate. Binding specificity and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) potential of Fc-folate to FcαR1 were confirmed by measuring PMN adhesion and myeloperoxidase (MPO) release in a cell-based ELISA. Fc-folate binding to FRA-expressing TNBC cells inducing PMNs to destroy these cells was determined using 51Cr-release and calcein-labeling assays. RESULTS Our results demonstrate expression of FRA on TNBC cells at levels consistent with folate binding. Fc-folate binds with high affinity to FRA compared to whole IgA-folate and induces MPO release from PMN when bound to FcαR1. Fc-folate inhibited binding of 3H-folate to TNBC cells and induced significant cell lysis of TNBC cells when incubated in the presence of PMNs. CONCLUSION These findings support the hypothesis that an IgA Fc-folate conjugate can destroy TNBC cells by eliciting PMN-mediated ADCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric D Frontera
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Michigan State University, 4707 St. Antoine, Box 402, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Rafa M Khansa
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Michigan State University, 4707 St. Antoine, Box 402, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Dana L Schalk
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, University of Virginia Cancer Center, 1300 Jefferson Park Ave., I MSB 7191 West Complex I, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA
| | - Lauren E Leakan
- Wayne State University, 42 West Warren Avenue, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Tracey J Guerin-Edbauer
- Michael and Marian Ilitch Department of Surgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 4100 John R St., Mailcode HW08AO, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Manohar Ratnam
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 4100 John R St., Detroit, MI, 48201, USA.,Molecular Therapeutics Program, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, 4100 John R St., Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - David H Gorski
- Michael and Marian Ilitch Department of Surgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 4100 John R St., Mailcode HW08AO, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA.,Molecular Therapeutics Program, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, 4100 John R St., Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Cecilia L Speyer
- Michael and Marian Ilitch Department of Surgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 4100 John R St., Mailcode HW08AO, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA. .,Tumor Microenvironment Program, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, 4100 John R St., Detroit, MI, 48201, USA.
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21
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Shivange G, Urbanek K, Przanowski P, Perry JSA, Jones J, Haggart R, Kostka C, Patki T, Stelow E, Petrova Y, Llaneza D, Mayo M, Ravichandran KS, Landen CN, Bhatnagar S, Tushir-Singh J. A Single-Agent Dual-Specificity Targeting of FOLR1 and DR5 as an Effective Strategy for Ovarian Cancer. Cancer Cell 2018; 34:331-345.e11. [PMID: 30107179 PMCID: PMC6404966 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2018.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Therapeutic antibodies targeting ovarian cancer (OvCa)-enriched receptors have largely been disappointing due to limited tumor-specific antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity. Here we report a symbiotic approach that is highly selective and superior compared with investigational clinical antibodies. This bispecific-anchored cytotoxicity activator antibody is rationally designed to instigate "cis" and "trans" cytotoxicity by combining specificities against folate receptor alpha-1 (FOLR1) and death receptor 5 (DR5). Whereas the in vivo agonist DR5 signaling requires FcγRIIB interaction, the FOLR1 anchor functions as a primary clustering point to retain and maintain a high level of tumor-specific apoptosis. The presented proof of concept study strategically makes use of a tumor cell-enriched anchor receptor for agonist death receptor targeting to potentially generate a clinically viable strategy for OvCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gururaj Shivange
- Laboratory of Novel Biologics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; UVA Cancer Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Karol Urbanek
- Laboratory of Novel Biologics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; UVA Cancer Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Piotr Przanowski
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; UVA Cancer Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Justin S A Perry
- Center for Cell Clearance and Department of Microbiology, Immunology, Cancer Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - James Jones
- Laboratory of Novel Biologics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Undergraduate Research Program, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Robert Haggart
- Laboratory of Novel Biologics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Undergraduate Research Program, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Christina Kostka
- Laboratory of Novel Biologics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Undergraduate Research Program, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Tejal Patki
- Laboratory of Novel Biologics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Undergraduate Research Program, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Edward Stelow
- Department of Pathology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Yuliya Petrova
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; UVA Cancer Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Danielle Llaneza
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; UVA Cancer Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Marty Mayo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Kodi S Ravichandran
- Center for Cell Clearance and Department of Microbiology, Immunology, Cancer Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Charles N Landen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; UVA Cancer Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Sanchita Bhatnagar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; UVA Cancer Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Jogender Tushir-Singh
- Laboratory of Novel Biologics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; UVA Cancer Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.
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22
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Kim M, Pyo S, Kang CH, Lee CO, Lee HK, Choi SU, Park CH. Folate receptor 1 (FOLR1) targeted chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells for the treatment of gastric cancer. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0198347. [PMID: 29874279 PMCID: PMC5991383 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0198347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is a malignancy that has a high mortality rate. Although progress has been made in the treatment of gastric cancer, many patients experience cancer recurrence and metastasis. Folate receptor 1 (FOLR1) is overexpressed on the cell surface in over one-third of gastric cancer patients, but rarely is expressed in normal tissue. This makes FOLR1 a potential target for chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell immunotherapy, although the function of FOLR1 has not been elucidated. CAR are engineered fusion receptor composed of an antigen recognition region and signaling domains. T cells expressing CAR have specific activation and cytotoxic effects against cancer cells containing the target antigen. In this study, we generated a CAR that targets FOLR1 composed of a single-chain variable fragment (scFv) of FOLR1 antibody and signaling domains consisting of CD28 and CD3ζ. Both FOLR1-CAR KHYG-1, a natural killer cell line, and FOLR1-CAR T cells recognized FOLR1-positive gastric cancer cells in a MHC-independent manner and induced secretion of various cytokines and caused cell death. Conclusively, this is the first study to demonstrate that CAR KHYG-1/T cells targeting FOLR1 are effective against FOLR1-positive gastric cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minsung Kim
- Bio & Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon City, Kyunggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Suhkneung Pyo
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon City, Kyunggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Chung Hyo Kang
- Bio & Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chong Ock Lee
- Bio & Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Heung Kyoung Lee
- Bio & Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Un Choi
- Bio & Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail: (SUC); (CHP)
| | - Chi Hoon Park
- Bio & Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail: (SUC); (CHP)
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23
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Huang MJ, Zhang W, Wang Q, Yang ZJ, Liao SB, Li L. FOLR1 increases sensitivity to cisplatin treatment in ovarian cancer cells. J Ovarian Res 2018. [PMID: 29433550 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-018-0387-y]+[] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Whether there is a mechanistic link between FOLR1 and response to cisplatin has not been extensively examined. In this study, we determine the expression of FOLR1 in ovarian cancer and examine if FOLR1 levels influence response to cisplatin. RESULTS (1) FOLR1 protein expression was lowest in normal ovarian tissue, higher in benign ovarian tumors, and highest in malignant tumors (P < 0.01). (2) FOLR1 expression was decreased in platinum drug-resistant ovarian tumors compared to sensitive tumors (P < 0.01). Consistent with this, FOLR1 expression in tumors progressing following cisplatin treatment was lower than levels in tumors in remission (P < 0.01). (3) FOLR1 was successfully overexpressed at both the mRNA and protein levels following transfection in SKOV3 cells. (4) SKOV3 cells with FOLR1 overexpression were the most sensitive to cisplatin treatment (IC50 = 3.60 μg/ml) and exhibited the highest inhibition rates in the presence of the drug (P < 0.05). (5) The rate of apoptosis of SKOV3 cells increased with cisplatin treatment in a dose- and time-dependent manner (P < 0.05). Cisplatin also induced S phase arrest in a concentration-dependent manner (P < 0.05). Apoptosis and S phase proportion were significantly altered by FOLR1 overexpression (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION FOLR1 may be a useful biomarker for ovarian cancer, and it may be useful as a therapeutic application to improve sensitivity to cisplatin treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Ju Huang
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China.,Department of Gynecology, Chongqing Three Gorges Central Hospital, Wanzhou District of Chongqing, 404000, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Zhi-Jun Yang
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Sheng-Bin Liao
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China.
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24
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Huang MJ, Zhang W, Wang Q, Yang ZJ, Liao SB, Li L. FOLR1 increases sensitivity to cisplatin treatment in ovarian cancer cells. J Ovarian Res 2018. [PMID: 29433550 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-018-0387-y] [] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Whether there is a mechanistic link between FOLR1 and response to cisplatin has not been extensively examined. In this study, we determine the expression of FOLR1 in ovarian cancer and examine if FOLR1 levels influence response to cisplatin. RESULTS (1) FOLR1 protein expression was lowest in normal ovarian tissue, higher in benign ovarian tumors, and highest in malignant tumors (P < 0.01). (2) FOLR1 expression was decreased in platinum drug-resistant ovarian tumors compared to sensitive tumors (P < 0.01). Consistent with this, FOLR1 expression in tumors progressing following cisplatin treatment was lower than levels in tumors in remission (P < 0.01). (3) FOLR1 was successfully overexpressed at both the mRNA and protein levels following transfection in SKOV3 cells. (4) SKOV3 cells with FOLR1 overexpression were the most sensitive to cisplatin treatment (IC50 = 3.60 μg/ml) and exhibited the highest inhibition rates in the presence of the drug (P < 0.05). (5) The rate of apoptosis of SKOV3 cells increased with cisplatin treatment in a dose- and time-dependent manner (P < 0.05). Cisplatin also induced S phase arrest in a concentration-dependent manner (P < 0.05). Apoptosis and S phase proportion were significantly altered by FOLR1 overexpression (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION FOLR1 may be a useful biomarker for ovarian cancer, and it may be useful as a therapeutic application to improve sensitivity to cisplatin treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Ju Huang
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China.,Department of Gynecology, Chongqing Three Gorges Central Hospital, Wanzhou District of Chongqing, 404000, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Zhi-Jun Yang
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Sheng-Bin Liao
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China.
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25
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Huang MJ, Zhang W, Wang Q, Yang ZJ, Liao SB, Li L. FOLR1 increases sensitivity to cisplatin treatment in ovarian cancer cells. J Ovarian Res 2018; 11:15. [PMID: 29433550 PMCID: PMC5809985 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-018-0387-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 02/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Whether there is a mechanistic link between FOLR1 and response to cisplatin has not been extensively examined. In this study, we determine the expression of FOLR1 in ovarian cancer and examine if FOLR1 levels influence response to cisplatin. Results (1) FOLR1 protein expression was lowest in normal ovarian tissue, higher in benign ovarian tumors, and highest in malignant tumors (P < 0.01). (2) FOLR1 expression was decreased in platinum drug-resistant ovarian tumors compared to sensitive tumors (P < 0.01). Consistent with this, FOLR1 expression in tumors progressing following cisplatin treatment was lower than levels in tumors in remission (P < 0.01). (3) FOLR1 was successfully overexpressed at both the mRNA and protein levels following transfection in SKOV3 cells. (4) SKOV3 cells with FOLR1 overexpression were the most sensitive to cisplatin treatment (IC50 = 3.60 μg/ml) and exhibited the highest inhibition rates in the presence of the drug (P < 0.05). (5) The rate of apoptosis of SKOV3 cells increased with cisplatin treatment in a dose- and time-dependent manner (P < 0.05). Cisplatin also induced S phase arrest in a concentration-dependent manner (P < 0.05). Apoptosis and S phase proportion were significantly altered by FOLR1 overexpression (P < 0.05). Conclusion FOLR1 may be a useful biomarker for ovarian cancer, and it may be useful as a therapeutic application to improve sensitivity to cisplatin treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Ju Huang
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China.,Department of Gynecology, Chongqing Three Gorges Central Hospital, Wanzhou District of Chongqing, 404000, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Zhi-Jun Yang
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Sheng-Bin Liao
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China.
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26
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Cheung A, Bax HJ, Josephs DH, Ilieva KM, Pellizzari G, Opzoomer J, Bloomfield J, Fittall M, Grigoriadis A, Figini M, Canevari S, Spicer JF, Tutt AN, Karagiannis SN. Targeting folate receptor alpha for cancer treatment. Oncotarget 2018; 7:52553-52574. [PMID: 27248175 PMCID: PMC5239573 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 275] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Promising targeted treatments and immunotherapy strategies in oncology and advancements in our understanding of molecular pathways that underpin cancer development have reignited interest in the tumor-associated antigen Folate Receptor alpha (FRα). FRα is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored membrane protein. Its overexpression in tumors such as ovarian, breast and lung cancers, low and restricted distribution in normal tissues, alongside emerging insights into tumor-promoting functions and association of expression with patient prognosis, together render FRα an attractive therapeutic target. In this review, we summarize the role of FRα in cancer development, we consider FRα as a potential diagnostic and prognostic tool, and we discuss different targeted treatment approaches with a specific focus on monoclonal antibodies. Renewed attention to FRα may point to novel individualized treatment approaches to improve the clinical management of patient groups that do not adequately benefit from current conventional therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Cheung
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London & NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St. Thomas' Hospitals and King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom.,Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy's Hospital, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Heather J Bax
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London & NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St. Thomas' Hospitals and King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom.,Division of Cancer Studies, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy's Hospital, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Debra H Josephs
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London & NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St. Thomas' Hospitals and King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom.,Division of Cancer Studies, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy's Hospital, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kristina M Ilieva
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London & NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St. Thomas' Hospitals and King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom.,Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy's Hospital, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Giulia Pellizzari
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London & NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St. Thomas' Hospitals and King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - James Opzoomer
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London & NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St. Thomas' Hospitals and King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jacinta Bloomfield
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London & NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St. Thomas' Hospitals and King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew Fittall
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London & NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St. Thomas' Hospitals and King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom.,Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy's Hospital, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Anita Grigoriadis
- Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy's Hospital, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mariangela Figini
- Unit of Molecular Therapies, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvana Canevari
- Unit of Molecular Therapies, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - James F Spicer
- Division of Cancer Studies, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy's Hospital, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew N Tutt
- Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy's Hospital, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sophia N Karagiannis
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London & NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St. Thomas' Hospitals and King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom.,Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy's Hospital, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
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27
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Predina JD, Newton AD, Connolly C, Dunbar A, Baldassari M, Deshpande C, Cantu E, Stadanlick J, Kularatne SA, Low PS, Singhal S. Identification of a Folate Receptor-Targeted Near-Infrared Molecular Contrast Agent to Localize Pulmonary Adenocarcinomas. Mol Ther 2017; 26:390-403. [PMID: 29241970 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2017.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2017] [Revised: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the number one cancer killer in the United States. Despite attempted curative surgical resection, nearly 40% of patients succumb to recurrent disease. High recurrence rates may be partially explained by data suggesting that 20% of NSCLC patients harbor synchronous disease that is missed during resection. In this report, we describe the use of a novel folate receptor-targeted near-infrared contrast agent (OTL38) to improve the intraoperative localization of NSCLC during pulmonary resection. Using optical phantoms, fluorescent imaging with OTL38 was associated with less autofluorescence and greater depth of detection compared to traditional optical contrast agents. Next, in in vitro and in vivo NSCLC models, OTL38 reliably localized NSCLC models in a folate receptor-dependent manner. Before testing intraoperative molecular imaging with OTL38 in humans, folate receptor-alpha expression was confirmed to be present in 86% of pulmonary adenocarcinomas upon histopathologic review of 100 human pulmonary resection specimens. Lastly, in a human feasibility study, intraoperative molecular imaging with OTL38 accurately identified 100% of pulmonary adenocarcinomas and allowed for identification of additional subcentimeter neoplastic processes in 30% of subjects. This technology may enhance the surgeon's ability to identify NSCLC during oncologic resection and potentially improve long-term outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarrod D Predina
- Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Andrew D Newton
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Courtney Connolly
- Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Ashley Dunbar
- Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Michael Baldassari
- Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Charuhas Deshpande
- Pulmonary and Mediastinal Pathology, Department of Clinical Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Edward Cantu
- Department of Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jason Stadanlick
- Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | | | - Philip S Low
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 479067, USA
| | - Sunil Singhal
- Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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28
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Kline JB, Kennedy RP, Albone E, Chao Q, Fernando S, McDonough JM, Rybinski K, Wang W, Somers EB, Schweizer C, Grasso L, Nicolaides NC. Tumor antigen CA125 suppresses antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) via direct antibody binding and suppressed Fc-γ receptor engagement. Oncotarget 2017; 8:52045-52060. [PMID: 28881712 PMCID: PMC5581011 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancers employ a number of mechanisms to evade host immune responses. Here we report the effects of tumor-shed antigen CA125/MUC16 on suppressing IgG1-mediated antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). This evidence stems from prespecified subgroup analysis of a Phase 3 clinical trial testing farletuzumab, a monoclonal antibody to folate receptor alpha, plus standard-of-care carboplatin-taxane chemotherapy in patients with recurrent platinum-sensitive ovarian cancer. Patients with low serum CA125 levels treated with farletuzumab demonstrated improvements in progression free survival (HR 0.49, p = 0.0028) and overall survival (HR 0.44, p = 0.0108) as compared to placebo. Farletuzumab’s pharmacologic activity is mediated in part through ADCC. Here we show that CA125 inhibits ADCC by directly binding to farletuzumab that in turn perturbs Fc-γ receptor engagement on effector cells.
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29
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McLachlan J, Lima JPDSN, Dumas L, Banerjee S. Targeted agents and combinations in ovarian cancer: where are we now? Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2016; 16:441-54. [DOI: 10.1586/14737140.2016.1162101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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30
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Vergote I, Armstrong D, Scambia G, Teneriello M, Sehouli J, Schweizer C, Weil SC, Bamias A, Fujiwara K, Ochiai K, Poole C, Gorbunova V, Wang W, O'Shannessy D, Herzog TJ. A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Phase III Study to Assess Efficacy and Safety of Weekly Farletuzumab in Combination With Carboplatin and Taxane in Patients With Ovarian Cancer in First Platinum-Sensitive Relapse. J Clin Oncol 2016; 34:2271-8. [PMID: 27001568 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2015.63.2596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Farletuzumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody that binds to folate receptor-α, which is highly expressed in ovarian carcinoma and largely absent from normal tissue. Farletuzumab was investigated in a double-blind, randomized phase III study in platinum-sensitive ovarian cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS Eligible patients had first recurrent ovarian cancer 6-24 months following completion of platinum-taxane chemotherapy. All patients received carboplatin plus paclitaxel or docetaxel (for six cycles combined with randomly assigned test products in a 1:1:1 ratio: farletuzumab 1.25 mg/kg, farletuzumab 2.5 mg/kg, or placebo). The single-agent test product was continued weekly until disease progression. The primary end point was progression-free survival (PFS) by Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors. Additional analyses not outlined in the original protocol were prespecified in the final statistical analysis plan, including a subgroup analysis by baseline CA-125 and farletuzumab exposure levels. RESULTS A total of 1,100 women were randomly assigned to treatment dose or placebo. PFS from the primary analysis was 9.0, 9.5, and 9.7 months for the placebo, farletuzumab 1.25 mg/kg, and farletuzumab 2.5 mg/kg groups, respectively. Neither farletuzumab group was statistically different from the placebo group (hazard ratio [HR], 0.99 [95% CI, 0.81 to 1.21] and 0.86 [95% CI, 0.70 to 1.06] for farletuzumab 1.25 mg/kg and 2.5 mg/kg group v placebo, respectively). In the prespecified subgroup, baseline CA-125 levels not more than three times the upper limit of normal (ULN) correlated with longer PFS (HR, 0.49; P = .0028) and overall survival (OS) (HR, 0.44; P = .0108) for farletuzumab 2.5 mg/kg versus placebo. Subgroup analysis of farletuzumab exposure above the median, regardless of dose, showed significantly better PFS versus placebo. The most common adverse events were those associated with chemotherapy. CONCLUSION Neither farletuzumab dose met the study's primary PFS end point. Prespecified subgroup analyses demonstrated that patients with CA-125 levels not more than three times the ULN and patients with higher farletuzumab exposure showed superior PFS and OS compared with placebo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignace Vergote
- Ignace Vergote, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Deborah Armstrong, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Giovanni Scambia, Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli", Rome, Italy; Michael Teneriello, US Oncology, The Woodlands, TX; Jalid Sehouli, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Charles Schweizer, Susan C. Weil, Wenquan Wang, and Daniel O'Shannessy, Morphotek, Exton, PA; Aristotelis Bamias, Alexandra Hospital, Athens, Greece; Keiichi Fujiwara, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka-City, Saitama; and Kazunori Ochiai, Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, Japan; Christopher Poole, University Hospital Coventry, Coventry, United Kingdom; Vera Gorbunova, Russian Oncology Research Center, Moscow, Russia; and Thomas J. Herzog, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH.
| | - Deborah Armstrong
- Ignace Vergote, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Deborah Armstrong, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Giovanni Scambia, Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli", Rome, Italy; Michael Teneriello, US Oncology, The Woodlands, TX; Jalid Sehouli, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Charles Schweizer, Susan C. Weil, Wenquan Wang, and Daniel O'Shannessy, Morphotek, Exton, PA; Aristotelis Bamias, Alexandra Hospital, Athens, Greece; Keiichi Fujiwara, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka-City, Saitama; and Kazunori Ochiai, Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, Japan; Christopher Poole, University Hospital Coventry, Coventry, United Kingdom; Vera Gorbunova, Russian Oncology Research Center, Moscow, Russia; and Thomas J. Herzog, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Giovanni Scambia
- Ignace Vergote, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Deborah Armstrong, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Giovanni Scambia, Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli", Rome, Italy; Michael Teneriello, US Oncology, The Woodlands, TX; Jalid Sehouli, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Charles Schweizer, Susan C. Weil, Wenquan Wang, and Daniel O'Shannessy, Morphotek, Exton, PA; Aristotelis Bamias, Alexandra Hospital, Athens, Greece; Keiichi Fujiwara, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka-City, Saitama; and Kazunori Ochiai, Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, Japan; Christopher Poole, University Hospital Coventry, Coventry, United Kingdom; Vera Gorbunova, Russian Oncology Research Center, Moscow, Russia; and Thomas J. Herzog, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Michael Teneriello
- Ignace Vergote, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Deborah Armstrong, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Giovanni Scambia, Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli", Rome, Italy; Michael Teneriello, US Oncology, The Woodlands, TX; Jalid Sehouli, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Charles Schweizer, Susan C. Weil, Wenquan Wang, and Daniel O'Shannessy, Morphotek, Exton, PA; Aristotelis Bamias, Alexandra Hospital, Athens, Greece; Keiichi Fujiwara, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka-City, Saitama; and Kazunori Ochiai, Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, Japan; Christopher Poole, University Hospital Coventry, Coventry, United Kingdom; Vera Gorbunova, Russian Oncology Research Center, Moscow, Russia; and Thomas J. Herzog, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Jalid Sehouli
- Ignace Vergote, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Deborah Armstrong, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Giovanni Scambia, Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli", Rome, Italy; Michael Teneriello, US Oncology, The Woodlands, TX; Jalid Sehouli, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Charles Schweizer, Susan C. Weil, Wenquan Wang, and Daniel O'Shannessy, Morphotek, Exton, PA; Aristotelis Bamias, Alexandra Hospital, Athens, Greece; Keiichi Fujiwara, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka-City, Saitama; and Kazunori Ochiai, Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, Japan; Christopher Poole, University Hospital Coventry, Coventry, United Kingdom; Vera Gorbunova, Russian Oncology Research Center, Moscow, Russia; and Thomas J. Herzog, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Charles Schweizer
- Ignace Vergote, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Deborah Armstrong, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Giovanni Scambia, Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli", Rome, Italy; Michael Teneriello, US Oncology, The Woodlands, TX; Jalid Sehouli, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Charles Schweizer, Susan C. Weil, Wenquan Wang, and Daniel O'Shannessy, Morphotek, Exton, PA; Aristotelis Bamias, Alexandra Hospital, Athens, Greece; Keiichi Fujiwara, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka-City, Saitama; and Kazunori Ochiai, Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, Japan; Christopher Poole, University Hospital Coventry, Coventry, United Kingdom; Vera Gorbunova, Russian Oncology Research Center, Moscow, Russia; and Thomas J. Herzog, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Susan C Weil
- Ignace Vergote, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Deborah Armstrong, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Giovanni Scambia, Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli", Rome, Italy; Michael Teneriello, US Oncology, The Woodlands, TX; Jalid Sehouli, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Charles Schweizer, Susan C. Weil, Wenquan Wang, and Daniel O'Shannessy, Morphotek, Exton, PA; Aristotelis Bamias, Alexandra Hospital, Athens, Greece; Keiichi Fujiwara, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka-City, Saitama; and Kazunori Ochiai, Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, Japan; Christopher Poole, University Hospital Coventry, Coventry, United Kingdom; Vera Gorbunova, Russian Oncology Research Center, Moscow, Russia; and Thomas J. Herzog, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Aristotelis Bamias
- Ignace Vergote, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Deborah Armstrong, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Giovanni Scambia, Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli", Rome, Italy; Michael Teneriello, US Oncology, The Woodlands, TX; Jalid Sehouli, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Charles Schweizer, Susan C. Weil, Wenquan Wang, and Daniel O'Shannessy, Morphotek, Exton, PA; Aristotelis Bamias, Alexandra Hospital, Athens, Greece; Keiichi Fujiwara, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka-City, Saitama; and Kazunori Ochiai, Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, Japan; Christopher Poole, University Hospital Coventry, Coventry, United Kingdom; Vera Gorbunova, Russian Oncology Research Center, Moscow, Russia; and Thomas J. Herzog, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Keiichi Fujiwara
- Ignace Vergote, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Deborah Armstrong, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Giovanni Scambia, Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli", Rome, Italy; Michael Teneriello, US Oncology, The Woodlands, TX; Jalid Sehouli, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Charles Schweizer, Susan C. Weil, Wenquan Wang, and Daniel O'Shannessy, Morphotek, Exton, PA; Aristotelis Bamias, Alexandra Hospital, Athens, Greece; Keiichi Fujiwara, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka-City, Saitama; and Kazunori Ochiai, Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, Japan; Christopher Poole, University Hospital Coventry, Coventry, United Kingdom; Vera Gorbunova, Russian Oncology Research Center, Moscow, Russia; and Thomas J. Herzog, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Kazunori Ochiai
- Ignace Vergote, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Deborah Armstrong, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Giovanni Scambia, Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli", Rome, Italy; Michael Teneriello, US Oncology, The Woodlands, TX; Jalid Sehouli, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Charles Schweizer, Susan C. Weil, Wenquan Wang, and Daniel O'Shannessy, Morphotek, Exton, PA; Aristotelis Bamias, Alexandra Hospital, Athens, Greece; Keiichi Fujiwara, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka-City, Saitama; and Kazunori Ochiai, Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, Japan; Christopher Poole, University Hospital Coventry, Coventry, United Kingdom; Vera Gorbunova, Russian Oncology Research Center, Moscow, Russia; and Thomas J. Herzog, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Christopher Poole
- Ignace Vergote, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Deborah Armstrong, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Giovanni Scambia, Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli", Rome, Italy; Michael Teneriello, US Oncology, The Woodlands, TX; Jalid Sehouli, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Charles Schweizer, Susan C. Weil, Wenquan Wang, and Daniel O'Shannessy, Morphotek, Exton, PA; Aristotelis Bamias, Alexandra Hospital, Athens, Greece; Keiichi Fujiwara, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka-City, Saitama; and Kazunori Ochiai, Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, Japan; Christopher Poole, University Hospital Coventry, Coventry, United Kingdom; Vera Gorbunova, Russian Oncology Research Center, Moscow, Russia; and Thomas J. Herzog, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Vera Gorbunova
- Ignace Vergote, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Deborah Armstrong, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Giovanni Scambia, Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli", Rome, Italy; Michael Teneriello, US Oncology, The Woodlands, TX; Jalid Sehouli, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Charles Schweizer, Susan C. Weil, Wenquan Wang, and Daniel O'Shannessy, Morphotek, Exton, PA; Aristotelis Bamias, Alexandra Hospital, Athens, Greece; Keiichi Fujiwara, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka-City, Saitama; and Kazunori Ochiai, Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, Japan; Christopher Poole, University Hospital Coventry, Coventry, United Kingdom; Vera Gorbunova, Russian Oncology Research Center, Moscow, Russia; and Thomas J. Herzog, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Wenquan Wang
- Ignace Vergote, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Deborah Armstrong, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Giovanni Scambia, Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli", Rome, Italy; Michael Teneriello, US Oncology, The Woodlands, TX; Jalid Sehouli, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Charles Schweizer, Susan C. Weil, Wenquan Wang, and Daniel O'Shannessy, Morphotek, Exton, PA; Aristotelis Bamias, Alexandra Hospital, Athens, Greece; Keiichi Fujiwara, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka-City, Saitama; and Kazunori Ochiai, Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, Japan; Christopher Poole, University Hospital Coventry, Coventry, United Kingdom; Vera Gorbunova, Russian Oncology Research Center, Moscow, Russia; and Thomas J. Herzog, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Daniel O'Shannessy
- Ignace Vergote, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Deborah Armstrong, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Giovanni Scambia, Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli", Rome, Italy; Michael Teneriello, US Oncology, The Woodlands, TX; Jalid Sehouli, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Charles Schweizer, Susan C. Weil, Wenquan Wang, and Daniel O'Shannessy, Morphotek, Exton, PA; Aristotelis Bamias, Alexandra Hospital, Athens, Greece; Keiichi Fujiwara, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka-City, Saitama; and Kazunori Ochiai, Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, Japan; Christopher Poole, University Hospital Coventry, Coventry, United Kingdom; Vera Gorbunova, Russian Oncology Research Center, Moscow, Russia; and Thomas J. Herzog, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Thomas J Herzog
- Ignace Vergote, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Deborah Armstrong, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Giovanni Scambia, Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli", Rome, Italy; Michael Teneriello, US Oncology, The Woodlands, TX; Jalid Sehouli, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Charles Schweizer, Susan C. Weil, Wenquan Wang, and Daniel O'Shannessy, Morphotek, Exton, PA; Aristotelis Bamias, Alexandra Hospital, Athens, Greece; Keiichi Fujiwara, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka-City, Saitama; and Kazunori Ochiai, Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, Japan; Christopher Poole, University Hospital Coventry, Coventry, United Kingdom; Vera Gorbunova, Russian Oncology Research Center, Moscow, Russia; and Thomas J. Herzog, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH
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Sato S, Itamochi H. Profile of farletuzumab and its potential in the treatment of solid tumors. Onco Targets Ther 2016; 9:1181-8. [PMID: 27022278 PMCID: PMC4789847 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s98242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Folate receptor (FR) α expression in normal tissues is restricted to a subpopulation of epithelial cells. In contrast, FRα is overexpressed in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) and non-small-cell lung carcinoma. Therefore, FRα is considered a promising therapeutic target for EOC and non-small-cell lung carcinoma. Farletuzumab (MORAb-003) is a humanized monoclonal antibody of immunoglobulin G subtype 1 kappa, targeting human FRα. To date, Phase I/II clinical trials have clearly demonstrated the feasibility and safety of farletuzumab as a treatment option against solid tumors. However, in Phase III clinical trial that was conducted to verify the combined effect of paclitaxel-carboplatin combination therapy and farletuzumab for patients with recurrent EOC, improvement in progression-free survival was not statistically significant. This result might be owing to the fact that the eligibility criteria for these studies did not include FRα expression. The significance of FRα as a predictive/prognostic biomarker remains unclear. In addition, there is currently no established biomarker to predict the response and toxicities among patients receiving farletuzumab therapy. Furthermore, the primary mechanism of action of farletuzumab has not yet been identified. Therefore, further research to identify the mechanism of farletuzumab in tumor suppression is necessary to clarify the full potential of this chemotherapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seiya Sato
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Iwate Medical University School of Medicine, Morioka, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Itamochi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Iwate Medical University School of Medicine, Morioka, Japan
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Walls G, Gore M. Farletuzumab in the treatment of ovarian cancer. Expert Opin Orphan Drugs 2016. [DOI: 10.1517/21678707.2016.1145048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Narasimhan B, Goodman JT, Vela Ramirez JE. Rational Design of Targeted Next-Generation Carriers for Drug and Vaccine Delivery. Annu Rev Biomed Eng 2016; 18:25-49. [PMID: 26789697 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-bioeng-082615-030519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Pattern recognition receptors on innate immune cells play an important role in guiding how cells interact with the rest of the organism and in determining the direction of the downstream immune response. Recent advances have elucidated the structure and function of these receptors, providing new opportunities for developing targeted drugs and vaccines to treat infections, cancers, and neurological disorders. C-type lectin receptors, Toll-like receptors, and folate receptors have attracted interest for their ability to endocytose their ligands or initiate signaling pathways that influence the immune response. Several novel technologies are being developed to engage these receptors, including recombinant antibodies, adoptive immunotherapy, and chemically modified antigens and drug delivery vehicles. These active targeting technologies will help address current challenges facing drug and vaccine delivery and lead to new tools to treat human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balaji Narasimhan
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011;
| | - Jonathan T Goodman
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011;
| | - Julia E Vela Ramirez
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011;
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Vergote IB, Marth C, Coleman RL. Role of the folate receptor in ovarian cancer treatment: evidence, mechanism, and clinical implications. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2016; 34:41-52. [PMID: 25564455 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-014-9539-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Folate can be transported into the cell by the reduced folate carrier (RFC), the proton-coupled folate transporter (PCFT), or the folate receptor (FR), of which various isoforms exist. While the RFC and PCFT are expressed by many normal cells, the FR is present only in a small proportion of normal tissues. In these tissues, the FR expression level is often low and restricted to the apical surface of polarized epithelial cells. In contrast, FR is expressed on the blood-accessible basal and lateral membranes of many types of epithelial cancer. Considering that FR is expressed in few nonmalignant cell types on luminal membranes generally not accessible for molecules transported in the blood, FR is considered a promising antitumor target. As FR expression seems associated with tumor progression and prognosis, anticancer therapies targeting FR are currently being developed, such as farletuzumab (Morphotek, Exton, PA, USA), IMGN853 (ImmunoGen, Waltham, MA, USA), vintafolide, and EC1456 (both Endocyte Inc., West Lafayette, IN, USA). FR expression could be used as a response-predictive biomarker for these treatments. The ability to identify patients and treat them with an effective therapy based on the known expression of the tumor marker would, indeed, be the next step in predictive medicine for these patients. This review summarizes the role of FR in ovarian cancer and the value of FR as a prognostic biomarker for ovarian cancer and a response-predictive biomarker for folate-targeted therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignace B Vergote
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecolog, Leuven Cancer Institute, University Hospital Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium,
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Kim KH, Jelovac D, Armstrong DK, Schwartz B, Weil SC, Schweizer C, Alvarez RD. Phase 1b safety study of farletuzumab, carboplatin and pegylated liposomal doxorubicin in patients with platinum-sensitive epithelial ovarian cancer. Gynecol Oncol 2015; 140:210-4. [PMID: 26644263 PMCID: PMC4729193 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2015.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Revised: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 11/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Objective Farletuzumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody that binds to folate receptor alpha, over-expressed in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) but largely absent in normal tissue. Previously, carboplatin plus pegylated liposomal doxorubicin showed superior progression-free survival and an improved therapeutic index compared with carboplatin/paclitaxel in relapsed platinum-sensitive EOC. This study assessed safety of farletuzumab/carboplatin/pegylated liposomal doxorubicin in women with platinum-sensitive recurrent EOC. Methods This multicenter, single-arm study enrolled patients with platinum-sensitive EOC in first or second relapse for treatment with weekly farletuzumab 2.5 mg/kg plus carboplatin AUC5–6 and pegylated liposomal doxorubicin 30 mg/m2 every 4 weeks for 6 cycles. Subsequently, maintenance with single-agent farletuzumab 2.5 mg/kg once weekly or farletuzumab 7.5 mg/kg once every three weeks continued until progression. The primary objective was to assess the safety of farletuzumab/carboplatin/pegylated liposomal doxorubicin. Results Fifteen patients received a median of 12.0 cycles (range, 3–26) of farletuzumab as combination therapy or maintenance, for a median of 45.0 weeks (range 9–95). Farletuzumab/carboplatin/pegylated liposomal doxorubicin was generally well tolerated, with no farletuzumab-related grades 3–4 adverse events. The most commonly reported adverse events were associated with combination chemotherapy: fatigue (73.3%), nausea (46.7%), and neutropenia (40%). Ten patients had grade ≥3 adverse events, most frequently neutropenia and fatigue. No cardiac toxicity was seen. Best overall responses (RECIST) were a complete response for one patient, partial responses for 10 patients, and stable disease for four patients. Conclusions Farletuzumab plus carboplatin/pegylated liposomal doxorubicin in women with platinum-sensitive EOC demonstrated a safety profile consistent with that of carboplatin plus pegylated liposomal doxorubicin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth H Kim
- University of North Carolina Health Care, Division of Gynecology Oncology, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Danijela Jelovac
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Deborah K Armstrong
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
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Ledermann J, Canevari S, Thigpen T. Targeting the folate receptor: diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to personalize cancer treatments. Ann Oncol 2015; 26:2034-43. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdv250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2014] [Accepted: 05/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Necela BM, Crozier JA, Andorfer CA, Lewis-Tuffin L, Kachergus JM, Geiger XJ, Kalari KR, Serie DJ, Sun Z, Aspita AM, O’Shannessy DJ, Maltzman JD, McCullough AE, Pockaj BA, Cunliffe HE, Ballman KV, Thompson EA, Perez EA. Folate receptor-α (FOLR1) expression and function in triple negative tumors. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0122209. [PMID: 25816016 PMCID: PMC4376802 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0122209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2014] [Accepted: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Folate receptor alpha (FOLR1) has been identified as a potential prognostic and therapeutic target in a number of cancers. A correlation has been shown between intense overexpression of FOLR1 in breast tumors and poor prognosis, yet there is limited examination of the distribution of FOLR1 across clinically relevant breast cancer subtypes. To explore this further, we used RNA-seq data from multiple patient cohorts to analyze the distribution of FOLR1 mRNA across breast cancer subtypes comprised of estrogen receptor positive (ER+), human epidermal growth factor receptor positive (HER2+), and triple negative (TNBC) tumors. FOLR1 expression varied within breast tumor subtypes; triple negative/basal tumors were significantly associated with increased expression of FOLR1 mRNA, compared to ER+ and HER2+ tumors. However, subsets of high level FOLR1 expressing tumors were observed in all clinical subtypes. These observations were supported by immunohistochemical analysis of tissue microarrays, with the largest number of 3+ positive tumors and highest H-scores of any subtype represented by triple negatives, and lowest by ER+ tumors. FOLR1 expression did not correlate to common clinicopathological parameters such as tumor stage and nodal status. To delineate the importance of FOLR1 overexpression in triple negative cancers, RNA-interference was used to deplete FOLR1 in overexpressing triple negative cell breast lines. Loss of FOLR1 resulted in growth inhibition, whereas FOLR1 overexpression promoted folate uptake and growth advantage in low folate conditions. Taken together, our data suggests patients with triple negative cancers expressing high FOLR1 expression represent an important population of patients that may benefit from targeted anti-FOLR1 therapy. This may prove particularly helpful for a large number of patients who would typically be classified as triple negative and who to this point have been left without any targeted treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian M. Necela
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, United Sates of America
| | - Jennifer A. Crozier
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Cathy A. Andorfer
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, United Sates of America
| | - Laura Lewis-Tuffin
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, United Sates of America
| | - Jennifer M. Kachergus
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, United Sates of America
| | - Xochiquetzal J. Geiger
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Krishna R. Kalari
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Daniel J. Serie
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida United States of America
| | - Zhifu Sun
- Department of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Alvaro Moreno Aspita
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Daniel J. O’Shannessy
- Department of Translational Medicine and Diagnostics, Morphotek, Exton, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Julia D. Maltzman
- Department of Clinical Development, Morphotek, Exton, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Ann E. McCullough
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Barbara A. Pockaj
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Heather E. Cunliffe
- Department of Pathology, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Karla V. Ballman
- Department of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - E. Aubrey Thompson
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, United Sates of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Edith A. Perez
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, United Sates of America
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Wen Y, Graybill WS, Previs RA, Hu W, Ivan C, Mangala LS, Zand B, Nick AM, Jennings NB, Dalton HJ, Sehgal V, Ram P, Lee JS, Vivas-Mejia PE, Coleman RL, Sood AK. Immunotherapy targeting folate receptor induces cell death associated with autophagy in ovarian cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2014; 21:448-59. [PMID: 25416196 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-14-1578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cancer cells are highly dependent on folate metabolism, making them susceptible to drugs that inhibit folate receptor activities. Targeting overexpressed folate receptor alpha (FRα) in cancer cells offers a therapeutic opportunity. We investigated the functional mechanisms of MORAB-003 (farletuzumab), a humanized mAb against FRα, in ovarian cancer models. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We first examined FRα expression in an array of human ovarian cancer cell lines and then assessed the in vivo effect of MORAB-003 on tumor growth and progression in several orthotopic mouse models of ovarian cancer derived from these cell lines. Molecular mechanisms of tumor cell death induced by MORAB-003 were investigated by cDNA and protein expression profiling analysis. Mechanistic studies were performed to determine the role of autophagy in MORAB-003-induced cell death. RESULTS MORAB-003 significantly decreased tumor growth in the high-FRα IGROV1 and SKOV3ip1 models but not in the low-FRα A2780 model. MORAB-003 reduced proliferation, but had no significant effect on apoptosis. Protein expression and cDNA microarray analyses showed that MORAB-003 regulated an array of autophagy-related genes. It also significantly increased expression of LC3 isoform II and enriched autophagic vacuolization. Blocking autophagy with hydroxychloroquine or bafilomycin A1 reversed the growth inhibition induced by MORAB-003. In addition, alteration of FOLR1 gene copy number significantly correlated with shorter disease-free survival in patients with ovarian serous cancer. CONCLUSIONS MORAB-003 displays prominent antitumor activity in ovarian cancer models expressing FRα at high levels. Blockade of folate receptor by MORAB-003 induced sustained autophagy and suppressed cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfei Wen
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Whitney S Graybill
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Rebecca A Previs
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Wei Hu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Cristina Ivan
- Department of Systems Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Lingegowda S Mangala
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Behrouz Zand
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Alpa M Nick
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Nicholas B Jennings
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Heather J Dalton
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Vasudha Sehgal
- Department of Systems Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Prahlad Ram
- Department of Systems Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Ju-Seog Lee
- Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Pablo E Vivas-Mejia
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Robert L Coleman
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Anil K Sood
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas. Department of Systems Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas. Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
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39
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Sasaki Y, Miwa K, Yamashita K, Sunakawa Y, Shimada K, Ishida H, Hasegawa K, Fujiwara K, Kodaira M, Fujiwara Y, Namiki M, Matsuda M, Takeuchi Y, Katsumata N. A phase I study of farletuzumab, a humanized anti-folate receptor α monoclonal antibody, in patients with solid tumors. Invest New Drugs 2014; 33:332-40. [PMID: 25380636 PMCID: PMC4387250 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-014-0180-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2014] [Accepted: 10/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Farletuzumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody against folate receptor α (FRA). The purpose of the study is to assess safety and tolerability, the pharmacokinetic (PK) profile, and preliminary antitumor effect. Patients with ovarian cancer (OC) or FRA-expressing solid tumors who are resistant to standard treatments were eligible for the study. After single-dose administration for PK assessment, farletuzumab was administered by intravenous injection, repeating every week until disease progression. Dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) were defined as grade 4 hematological and grade 3/4 nonhematological toxicities. Dose escalation was planned in 4 cohorts (50, 100, 200, and 400 mg/m2). Fourteen patients with OC and two patients with gastric cancer (GC) received farletuzumab infusion. Neither DLTs nor grade 3/4 toxicities were reported in all cohorts. Major adverse events, including grade 1/2 infusion related reaction (15 patients, 93.8 %), headache (seven patients, 43.8 %), and nausea and decreased appetite (five patients each, 31.3 %), were observed and medically managed. AUC and Cmax increased dose-dependently and linear PK profiles were observed. No tumor shrinkage was recorded, but long-term disease stabilization for 25 and 20 months was observed in one patient with clear cell OC (100 mg/m2) and one patient with GC (400 mg/m2), respectively. No cumulative toxicity occurred in any patient. Farletuzumab was well tolerated in Japanese patients with a similar PK profile as compared with the US population. Long-term disease stabilization was observed in a subpopulation of clear cell OC and GC; both of them were resistant and progressive after standard chemotherapies (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01049061).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasutsuna Sasaki
- Department of Medical Oncology, Saitama International Medical Center-Comprehensive Cancer Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan,
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40
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Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88 Promotes Cisplatin Chemoresistance in Ovarian Cancer. Cell Biochem Biophys 2014; 71:963-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s12013-014-0294-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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41
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Zhou LM. Recreational physical activity and risk of ovarian cancer: a meta-analysis. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2014; 15:5161-6. [PMID: 25040968 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.13.5161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Our aim was to access the association between recreational physical activity (RPA) and risk of ovarian cancer (OC). The studies were retrieved from the PubMed and Embase databases up to February 20th, 2014. Risk ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used to estimate effect sizes. Random-effects or fixed-effects models were used to pool the data. The trim and fill method was applied for sensitivity analysis. Begg's rank correlation test and Egger's regression asymmetry test were employed to assess the publication bias. A total of 6 studies (435398 participants including 2983 OC patients) were included in this meta-analysis. The overall estimate indicated that there was weakly inverse association between RPA and OC risk (RR=0.90, 95%CI: 0.72-1.12, p=0.335). Meanwhile, for prospective cohort studies, a result consistent with the overall estimate was obtained (RR=1.12, 95% CI: 0.88-1.42, p=0.356). However, for case control studies, the pooled estimate of RR was 0.76 (95%CI: 0.64-0.90, p=0.002), indicating a clear significant association between RPA and OC risk. In addition, the sensitivity analysis indicated a significant link between RPA and risk of OC after removing Lahmann's study (RR=0.80, 95% CI: 0.68-0.93, p=0.004). No significant publication bias was found (Begg's test: p=1.00; Egger's test: p=0.817). In conclusion, our meta-analysis indicated a weakly inverse relationship between RPA and the occurrence of OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Min Zhou
- Competitive Sports School Affiliated to Harbin Institute of Physical Education, Heilongjiang, China E-mail :
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