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Yeo EJ, Shin MJ, Youn GS, Park JH, Yeo HJ, Kwon HJ, Lee LR, Kim NY, Kwon SY, Kim SM, Lee J, Lee KW, Lee CH, Cho YJ, Kwon OS, Kim DW, Jung HY, Eum WS, Choi SY. Tat-RAN attenuates brain ischemic injury in hippocampal HT-22 cells and ischemia animal model. Neurochem Int 2023; 167:105538. [PMID: 37207854 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2023.105538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays a key role in the pathogenesis of neuronal injury, including ischemia. Ras-related nuclear protein (RAN), a member of the Ras superfamily, involves in a variety of biological roles, such as cell division, proliferation, and signal transduction. Although RAN reveals antioxidant effect, its precise neuroprotective mechanisms are still unclear. Therefore, we investigated the effects of RAN on HT-22 cell which were exposed to H2O2-induced oxidative stress and ischemia animal model by using the cell permeable Tat-RAN fusion protein. We showed that Tat-RAN transduced into HT-22 cells, and markedly inhibited cell death, DNA fragmentation, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation under oxidative stress. This fusion protein also controlled cellular signaling pathways, including mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), NF-κB, and apoptosis (Caspase-3, p53, Bax and Bcl-2). In the cerebral forebrain ischemia animal model, Tat-RAN significantly inhibited both neuronal cell death, and astrocyte and microglia activation. These results indicate that RAN significantly protects against hippocampal neuronal cell death, suggesting Tat-RAN will help to develop the therapies for neuronal brain diseases including ischemic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Ji Yeo
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252, South Korea
| | - Min Jea Shin
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252, South Korea
| | - Gi Soo Youn
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252, South Korea
| | - Jung Hwan Park
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252, South Korea
| | - Hyeon Ji Yeo
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252, South Korea
| | - Hyun Jung Kwon
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252, South Korea
| | - Lee Re Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252, South Korea
| | - Na Yeon Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252, South Korea
| | - Su Yeon Kwon
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252, South Korea
| | - Su Min Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252, South Korea
| | - Jaehak Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252, South Korea
| | - Keun Wook Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252, South Korea
| | - Chan Hee Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252, South Korea
| | - Yong-Jun Cho
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hallym University Medical Center, Chuncheon, 24253, South Korea
| | - Oh-Shin Kwon
- School of Life Sciences, College of Natural Sciences Kyungpook National University, Taegu, 41566, South Korea
| | - Dae Won Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Research Institute of Oral Sciences, College of Dentistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, 25457, South Korea
| | - Hyo Young Jung
- Department of Veterinary Medicine & Institute of Veterinary Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, South Korea
| | - Won Sik Eum
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252, South Korea.
| | - Soo Young Choi
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252, South Korea.
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El-Tanani M, Nsairat H, Mishra V, Mishra Y, Aljabali AAA, Serrano-Aroca Á, Tambuwala MM. Ran GTPase and Its Importance in Cellular Signaling and Malignant Phenotype. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043065. [PMID: 36834476 PMCID: PMC9968026 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Ran is a member of the Ras superfamily of proteins, which primarily regulates nucleocytoplasmic trafficking and mediates mitosis by regulating spindle formation and nuclear envelope (NE) reassembly. Therefore, Ran is an integral cell fate determinant. It has been demonstrated that aberrant Ran expression in cancer is a result of upstream dysregulation of the expression of various factors, such as osteopontin (OPN), and aberrant activation of various signaling pathways, including the extracellular-regulated kinase/mitogen-activated protein kinase (ERK/MEK) and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) pathways. In vitro, Ran overexpression has severe effects on the cell phenotype, altering proliferation, adhesion, colony density, and invasion. Therefore, Ran overexpression has been identified in numerous types of cancer and has been shown to correlate with tumor grade and the degree of metastasis present in various cancers. The increased malignancy and invasiveness have been attributed to multiple mechanisms. Increased dependence on Ran for spindle formation and mitosis is a consequence of the upregulation of these pathways and the ensuing overexpression of Ran, which increases cellular dependence on Ran for survival. This increases the sensitivity of cells to changes in Ran concentration, with ablation being associated with aneuploidy, cell cycle arrest, and ultimately, cell death. It has also been demonstrated that Ran dysregulation influences nucleocytoplasmic transport, leading to transcription factor misallocation. Consequently, patients with tumors that overexpress Ran have been shown to have a higher malignancy rate and a shorter survival time compared to their counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed El-Tanani
- Pharmacological and Diagnostic Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman 19328, Jordan
- Correspondence:
| | - Hamdi Nsairat
- Pharmacological and Diagnostic Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman 19328, Jordan
| | - Vijay Mishra
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India
| | - Yachana Mishra
- Department of Zoology, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India
| | - Alaa A. A. Aljabali
- Department of Pharmaceutics & Pharmaceutical Technology, Yarmouk University, Irbid 21163, Jordan
| | - Ángel Serrano-Aroca
- Biomaterials and Bioengineering Laboratory, Centro de Investigación Traslacional San Alberto Magno, Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir, c/Guillem de Castro 94, 46001 Valencia, Spain
| | - Murtaza M. Tambuwala
- Lincoln Medical School, University of Lincoln, Brayford Pool, Lincoln LN6 7TS, UK
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Kamal MA, Siddiqui I, Belgiovine C, Barbagallo M, Paleari V, Pistillo D, Chiabrando C, Schiarea S, Bottazzi B, Leone R, Avigni R, Migliore R, Spaggiari P, Gavazzi F, Capretti G, Marchesi F, Mantovani A, Zerbi A, Allavena P. Oncogenic KRAS-Induced Protein Signature in the Tumor Secretome Identifies Laminin-C2 and Pentraxin-3 as Useful Biomarkers for the Early Diagnosis of Pancreatic Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14112653. [PMID: 35681634 PMCID: PMC9179463 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14112653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
KRAS mutations characterize pancreatic cell transformation from the earliest stages of carcinogenesis, and are present in >95% of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cases. In search of novel biomarkers for the early diagnosis of PDAC, we identified the proteins secreted by the normal human pancreatic cell line (HPDE) recently transformed by inducing the overexpression of the KRASG12V oncogene. We report a proteomic signature of KRAS-induced secreted proteins, which was confirmed in surgical tumor samples from resected PDAC patients. The putative diagnostic performance of three candidates, Laminin-C2 (LAMC2), Tenascin-C (TNC) and Pentraxin-3 (PTX3), was investigated by ELISA quantification in two cohorts of PDAC patients (n = 200) eligible for surgery. Circulating levels of LAMC2, TNC and PTX3 were significantly higher in PDAC patients compared to the healthy individuals (p < 0.0001). The Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) curve showed good sensitivity (1) and specificity (0.63 and 0.85) for LAMC2 and PTX3, respectively, but not for TNC, and patients with high levels of LAMC2 had significantly shorter overall survival (p = 0.0007). High levels of LAMC2 and PTX3 were detected at early stages (I−IIB) and in CA19-9-low PDAC patients. In conclusion, pancreatic tumors release LAMC2 and PTX3, which can be quantified in the systemic circulation, and may be useful in selecting patients for further diagnostic imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Azhar Kamal
- Department of Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, 20089 Rozzano, Italy; (M.A.K.); (I.S.); (C.B.); (M.B.); (B.B.); (R.L.); (R.A.); (R.M.); (F.M.); (A.M.)
| | - Imran Siddiqui
- Department of Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, 20089 Rozzano, Italy; (M.A.K.); (I.S.); (C.B.); (M.B.); (B.B.); (R.L.); (R.A.); (R.M.); (F.M.); (A.M.)
| | - Cristina Belgiovine
- Department of Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, 20089 Rozzano, Italy; (M.A.K.); (I.S.); (C.B.); (M.B.); (B.B.); (R.L.); (R.A.); (R.M.); (F.M.); (A.M.)
| | - Marialuisa Barbagallo
- Department of Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, 20089 Rozzano, Italy; (M.A.K.); (I.S.); (C.B.); (M.B.); (B.B.); (R.L.); (R.A.); (R.M.); (F.M.); (A.M.)
| | - Valentina Paleari
- Biobank, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, 20089 Rozzano, Italy; (V.P.); (D.P.)
| | - Daniela Pistillo
- Biobank, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, 20089 Rozzano, Italy; (V.P.); (D.P.)
| | - Chiara Chiabrando
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri-IRCCS, 20156 Milan, Italy; (C.C.); (S.S.)
| | - Silvia Schiarea
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri-IRCCS, 20156 Milan, Italy; (C.C.); (S.S.)
| | - Barbara Bottazzi
- Department of Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, 20089 Rozzano, Italy; (M.A.K.); (I.S.); (C.B.); (M.B.); (B.B.); (R.L.); (R.A.); (R.M.); (F.M.); (A.M.)
| | - Roberto Leone
- Department of Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, 20089 Rozzano, Italy; (M.A.K.); (I.S.); (C.B.); (M.B.); (B.B.); (R.L.); (R.A.); (R.M.); (F.M.); (A.M.)
| | - Roberta Avigni
- Department of Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, 20089 Rozzano, Italy; (M.A.K.); (I.S.); (C.B.); (M.B.); (B.B.); (R.L.); (R.A.); (R.M.); (F.M.); (A.M.)
| | - Roberta Migliore
- Department of Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, 20089 Rozzano, Italy; (M.A.K.); (I.S.); (C.B.); (M.B.); (B.B.); (R.L.); (R.A.); (R.M.); (F.M.); (A.M.)
| | - Paola Spaggiari
- Department of Pathology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, 20089 Rozzano, Italy;
| | - Francesca Gavazzi
- Pancreatic Surgery Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, 20089 Rozzano, Italy; (F.G.); (G.C.); (A.Z.)
| | - Giovanni Capretti
- Pancreatic Surgery Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, 20089 Rozzano, Italy; (F.G.); (G.C.); (A.Z.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20072 Pieve Emanuele, Italy
| | - Federica Marchesi
- Department of Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, 20089 Rozzano, Italy; (M.A.K.); (I.S.); (C.B.); (M.B.); (B.B.); (R.L.); (R.A.); (R.M.); (F.M.); (A.M.)
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, 20129 Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Mantovani
- Department of Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, 20089 Rozzano, Italy; (M.A.K.); (I.S.); (C.B.); (M.B.); (B.B.); (R.L.); (R.A.); (R.M.); (F.M.); (A.M.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20072 Pieve Emanuele, Italy
- The William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Alessandro Zerbi
- Pancreatic Surgery Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, 20089 Rozzano, Italy; (F.G.); (G.C.); (A.Z.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20072 Pieve Emanuele, Italy
| | - Paola Allavena
- Department of Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, 20089 Rozzano, Italy; (M.A.K.); (I.S.); (C.B.); (M.B.); (B.B.); (R.L.); (R.A.); (R.M.); (F.M.); (A.M.)
- Correspondence:
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Trilla-Fuertes L, Gámez-Pozo A, Lumbreras-Herrera MI, López-Vacas R, Heredia-Soto V, Ghanem I, López-Camacho E, Zapater-Moros A, Miguel M, Peña-Burgos EM, Palacios E, de Uribe M, Guerra L, Dittmann A, Mendiola M, Fresno Vara JÁ, Feliu J. Identification of Carcinogenesis and Tumor Progression Processes in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Using High-Throughput Proteomics. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14102414. [PMID: 35626021 PMCID: PMC9139847 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14102414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive disease with an overall 5-year survival rate of just 5%. A better understanding of the carcinogenesis processes and the mechanisms of the progression of PDAC is mandatory. Fifty-two PDAC patients treated with surgery and adjuvant therapy, with available primary tumors, normal tissue, preneoplastic lesions (PanIN), and/or lymph node metastases, were selected for the study. Proteins were extracted from small punches and analyzed by LC-MS/MS using data-independent acquisition. Proteomics data were analyzed using probabilistic graphical models, allowing functional characterization. Comparisons between groups were made using linear mixed models. Three proteomic tumor subtypes were defined. T1 (32% of patients) was related to adhesion, T2 (34%) had metabolic features, and T3 (34%) presented high splicing and nucleoplasm activity. These proteomics subtypes were validated in the PDAC TCGA cohort. Relevant biological processes related to carcinogenesis and tumor progression were studied in each subtype. Carcinogenesis in the T1 subtype seems to be related to an increase of adhesion and complement activation node activity, whereas tumor progression seems to be related to nucleoplasm and translation nodes. Regarding the T2 subtype, it seems that metabolism and, especially, mitochondria act as the motor of cancer development. T3 analyses point out that nucleoplasm, mitochondria and metabolism, and extracellular matrix nodes could be involved in T3 tumor carcinogenesis. The identified processes were different among proteomics subtypes, suggesting that the molecular motor of the disease is different in each subtype. These differences can have implications for the development of future tailored therapeutic approaches for each PDAC proteomics subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Trilla-Fuertes
- Molecular Oncology & Pathology Laboratory, Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular-INGEMM, Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ, 28046 Madrid, Spain; (L.T.-F.); (A.G.-P.); (M.I.L.-H.); (R.L.-V.); (J.Á.F.V.)
| | - Angelo Gámez-Pozo
- Molecular Oncology & Pathology Laboratory, Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular-INGEMM, Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ, 28046 Madrid, Spain; (L.T.-F.); (A.G.-P.); (M.I.L.-H.); (R.L.-V.); (J.Á.F.V.)
| | - María Isabel Lumbreras-Herrera
- Molecular Oncology & Pathology Laboratory, Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular-INGEMM, Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ, 28046 Madrid, Spain; (L.T.-F.); (A.G.-P.); (M.I.L.-H.); (R.L.-V.); (J.Á.F.V.)
| | - Rocío López-Vacas
- Molecular Oncology & Pathology Laboratory, Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular-INGEMM, Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ, 28046 Madrid, Spain; (L.T.-F.); (A.G.-P.); (M.I.L.-H.); (R.L.-V.); (J.Á.F.V.)
| | - Victoria Heredia-Soto
- Molecular Pathology and Therapeutic Targets Group, Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ, 28046 Madrid, Spain; (V.H.-S.); (M.M.); (M.M.)
- Biomedical Research Networking Center on Oncology-CIBERONC, ISCIII, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ismael Ghanem
- Medical Oncology Service, Hospital Universitario La Paz, 28046 Madrid, Spain;
| | | | | | - María Miguel
- Molecular Pathology and Therapeutic Targets Group, Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ, 28046 Madrid, Spain; (V.H.-S.); (M.M.); (M.M.)
| | - Eva M. Peña-Burgos
- Pathology Department, Hospital Universitario La Paz, 28046 Madrid, Spain; (E.M.P.-B.); (E.P.); (M.d.U.); (L.G.)
| | - Elena Palacios
- Pathology Department, Hospital Universitario La Paz, 28046 Madrid, Spain; (E.M.P.-B.); (E.P.); (M.d.U.); (L.G.)
| | - Marta de Uribe
- Pathology Department, Hospital Universitario La Paz, 28046 Madrid, Spain; (E.M.P.-B.); (E.P.); (M.d.U.); (L.G.)
| | - Laura Guerra
- Pathology Department, Hospital Universitario La Paz, 28046 Madrid, Spain; (E.M.P.-B.); (E.P.); (M.d.U.); (L.G.)
| | - Antje Dittmann
- Functional Genomics Center Zurich, University of Zurich/ETH Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland;
| | - Marta Mendiola
- Molecular Pathology and Therapeutic Targets Group, Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ, 28046 Madrid, Spain; (V.H.-S.); (M.M.); (M.M.)
| | - Juan Ángel Fresno Vara
- Molecular Oncology & Pathology Laboratory, Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular-INGEMM, Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ, 28046 Madrid, Spain; (L.T.-F.); (A.G.-P.); (M.I.L.-H.); (R.L.-V.); (J.Á.F.V.)
- Biomedical Research Networking Center on Oncology-CIBERONC, ISCIII, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jaime Feliu
- Biomedical Research Networking Center on Oncology-CIBERONC, ISCIII, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Medical Oncology Service, Hospital Universitario La Paz, 28046 Madrid, Spain;
- Cátedra UAM-ANGEM, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28046 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence:
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Elsheikh S, Kouzoukakis I, Fielden C, Li W, Lashin SE, Khair N, Raposo TP, Fadhil W, Rudland P, Aleskandarany M, Patel P, El-Tanani M, Ilyas M. Ran GTPase is an independent prognostic marker in malignant melanoma which promotes tumour cell migration and invasion. J Clin Pathol 2022; 75:24-29. [PMID: 33234696 DOI: 10.1136/jclinpath-2020-206871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Ran GTPase is involved in nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of proteins and is overexpressed in several cancers. The expression of Ran in malignant melanoma (MM) and its functional activity have not been described and were investigated in this study. METHODS The prognostic value of Ran expression was tested in a series of 185 primary cutaneous MM cases using immunohistochemistry. The functional activity of Ran was investigated in the two melanoma cell lines. Ran expression was knocked down using two siRNAs and the effect on the expression of the c-Met oncogene, a potential downstream target of Ran, was tested. Functional effects of Ran knockdown on cell motility and cell proliferation were also assessed. RESULTS Positive Ran expression was seen in 12.4% of MM and was associated with advanced clinical stage and greater Breslow thickness. Positive expression was an independent marker of shorter overall survival (p=0.023). Knockdown of Ran results in decreased expression of c-Met and the downstream c-met signalling targets ERK1/2. There was a significant reduction in cell migration (p<0.001) and cell invasion (p<0.001). c-Met knockdown decreased the expression of Ran through MAPK and PI3K-AKT in A375 cell line, inhibited the cell viability and migration of both A375 and G361 melanoma cell lines while invasion was enhanced. CONCLUSION Ran is a poor prognostic marker in cutaneous MM. It upregulates expression of the oncogene c-Met and, possibly through this, it promotes cell motility which may in turn promote metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somaia Elsheikh
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cell, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Cellular Pathology Department, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Pathology Department, Menoufia University Faculty of Medicine, Shebin El-Kom, Egypt
| | - Ilias Kouzoukakis
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cell, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Catherine Fielden
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cell, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Wei Li
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cell, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Shaimaa Elsaid Lashin
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cell, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Dermatology, Menoufia University Faculty of Medicine, Shebin El-Kom, Egypt
| | - Nadia Khair
- Histology, Menoufia University Faculty of Medicine, Shebin El-Kom, Egypt
| | | | - Wakkas Fadhil
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cell, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Philip Rudland
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | | | - Poulam Patel
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cell, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Mohamed El-Tanani
- School of Chemistry and Biosciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, West Yorkshire, UK
| | - Mohammad Ilyas
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cell, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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Cui H, Jiang Z, Zeng S, Wu H, Zhang Z, Guo X, Dong K, Wang J, Shang L, Li L. A new candidate oncogenic lncRNA derived from pseudogene WFDC21P promotes tumor progression in gastric cancer. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:903. [PMID: 34601496 PMCID: PMC8487428 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04200-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
As oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) regulate the biological behavior of gastric cancer (GC) cells such as proliferation, invasion, and metastasis through various signal pathways. At present, although numerous lncRNAs that significantly influence the development and progression of GC have been identified, a considerable number of them have not been found and studied yet. In this study, we identified a new lncRNA derived from pseudogenes WFDC21P, which have not been reported in any previous GC study. LncRNA WFDC21P was significantly upregulated in GC cells and tissues, and clinically associated with the pathological stages of advanced GC. WFDC21P promoted proliferation and metastasis of GC cells both in vitro and in vivo. LncRNA WFDC21P was directly bound to GTPase Ran and it promoted the activity of the Akt/GSK3β/β-catenin pathway. Forkhead Box P3 (FOXP3), as a transcription factor of WFDC21P, was directly bound to the promoter region and it positively regulated the transcription of WFDC21P. This finding may provide a novel biomarker and therapeutic target for GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaiping Cui
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zhaoyu Jiang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Shujie Zeng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zihao Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaobo Guo
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Kangdi Dong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jinshen Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Liang Shang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
- Shandong Provincial Laboratory of Translational Medicine Engineering for Digestive Tumors, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China.
| | - Leping Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
- Shandong Provincial Laboratory of Translational Medicine Engineering for Digestive Tumors, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China.
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7
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Zhou J, Tan Y, Zhang Y, Tong A, Shen X, Sun X, Jia D, Sun Q. GEF-independent Ran activation shifts a fraction of the protein to the cytoplasm and promotes cell proliferation. MOLECULAR BIOMEDICINE 2020; 1:18. [PMID: 35006421 PMCID: PMC8607414 DOI: 10.1186/s43556-020-00011-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Ran (Ras-related nuclear protein) plays several important roles in nucleo-cytoplasmic transport, mitotic spindle formation, nuclear envelope/nuclear pore complex assembly, and other functions in the cytoplasm, as well as in cellular transformation when switched on. Unlike other members of the GTPase superfamily, Ran binds more tightly to GDP than to GTP due to the presence of an auto-inhibitory C-terminal tail. Multiple missense mutations in the C-terminus of Ran occur in cancers, but their biological significance remains unclear. Here, the quantitative GDP/GTP binding preference of four engineered mutations with unstable C-termini was analyzed using a devised mant-GDP dissociation assay. The results showed that the impact of different C-terminal mutations depends on multiple factors. Although these mutants were more GTP-loaded in human cells, they were shown to be more cytoplasmic, and to support nuclear transport with minimally or partially reduced efficiency. Further, several Ran cancer mutants were compromised in autoinhibition, slightly more GTP-bound, more cytoplasmic, and enhanced the proliferation of A549 and HeLa cells in vitro. Thus, our work reveals a new route of Ran activation independent of guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF), which may account for the hyper-proliferation induced by Ran cancer mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhan Zhou
- Department of Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yuping Tan
- Department of Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yuqing Zhang
- Department of Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Aiping Tong
- Department of Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xiaofei Shen
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Department of Paediatrics, Division of Neurology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xiaodong Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Da Jia
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Department of Paediatrics, Division of Neurology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Qingxiang Sun
- Department of Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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8
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Ge M, Zhang T, Zhang M, Cheng L. Ran participates in deltamethrin stress through regulating the nuclear import of Nrf2. Gene 2020; 769:145213. [PMID: 33069802 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.145213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The small GTPase Ran has a variety of biological functions, one of the most prominent of which is to regulate nucleocytoplasmic transport. In our previous study, it was suggested that Ran is involved in the deltamethrin (DM) stress. In addition, Keap1-Nrf2-ARE pathway was also confirmed to be associated with DM stress. We report here that under DM stress, interfering Ran or nuclear transport factor Ntf2 by RNAi could suppress the nuclear import of nuclear transcription factor Nrf2 which then down-regulates the expressions of detoxification enzyme genes (Cyp4d20, Cyp4ae1, GstD5, Sod3, etc.), ultimately resulting in a significant apoptosis of Drosophila Kc cells. In contrast, after overexpressing Ran in Kc cells, Nrf2 has a higher concentration in the nucleus, and the expressions of detoxification enzyme genes are up-regulated, while the DM-induced apoptosis is significantly lower than that of the control group. Additionally, we preliminary found silencing Ntf2 or Ran could prevent the nuclear import of transcription factor Dif under DM stress, subsequently decreased expressions of antimicrobial peptide genes (Drsl1). In summary, our data mainly indicates that Ran may participate in DM stress through regulating the nuclear import of Nrf2, which could help to study the mechanism of deltamethrin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengying Ge
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Tingting Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Man Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Luogen Cheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
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9
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Boudhraa Z, Carmona E, Provencher D, Mes-Masson AM. Ran GTPase: A Key Player in Tumor Progression and Metastasis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:345. [PMID: 32528950 PMCID: PMC7264121 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ran (Ras-related nuclear protein) GTPase is a member of the Ras superfamily. Like all the GTPases, Ran cycles between an active (GTP-bound) and inactive (GDP-bound) state. However, Ran lacks the CAAX motif at its C-terminus, a feature of other small GTPases that ensures a plasma membrane localization, and largely traffics between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. Ran regulates nucleo-cytoplasmic transport of molecules through the nuclear pore complex and controls cell cycle progression through the regulation of microtubule polymerization and mitotic spindle formation. The disruption of Ran expression has been linked to cancer at different levels - from cancer initiation to metastasis. In the present review, we discuss the contribution of Ran in the acquisition of three hallmarks of cancer, namely, proliferative signaling, resistance to apoptosis, and invasion/metastasis, and highlight its prognostic value in cancer patients. In addition, we discuss the use of this GTPase as a therapeutic target in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zied Boudhraa
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC, Canada.,Institut du Cancer de Montréal (ICM), Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Euridice Carmona
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC, Canada.,Institut du Cancer de Montréal (ICM), Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Diane Provencher
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC, Canada.,Institut du Cancer de Montréal (ICM), Montreal, QC, Canada.,Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Anne-Marie Mes-Masson
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC, Canada.,Institut du Cancer de Montréal (ICM), Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
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10
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Zhong Y, Cao L, Ma H, Wang Q, Wei P, Yang J, Mo Y, Cao L, Shuai C, Peng S. Lin28A Regulates Stem-like Properties of Ovarian Cancer Cells by Enriching RAN and HSBP1 mRNA and Up-regulating its Protein Expression. Int J Biol Sci 2020; 16:1941-1953. [PMID: 32398961 PMCID: PMC7211169 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.43504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is one of the malignant tumors that seriously threaten women's health, with the highest mortality rate in gynecological malignancies. The prognosis of patients with advanced OC is still poor, and the 5-year survival rate is only 20-30%. Therefore, how to improve the early diagnosis rate and therapeutic effect are urgent for patients with OC. In this research, we found that Lin28A can promote the expression of stem cell marker molecules CD133, CD44, OCT4 and Nanog. We later confirmed that Lin28A can enrich the mRNA of ras-related nuclear protein (RAN) and heat shock factor binding protein 1 (HSBP1) through RIP assay, and that Lin28A can regulate their protein expression. We also identified that RAN and HSBP1 are highly expressed in OC tissues, and that they are significantly positively correlated with the expression of Lin28A and negatively correlated with the survival prognosis of OC patients. After stable knockdown of RAN or HSBP1 in OC cells with high expression of Lin28A, the expression of the stem cell marker molecules such as OCT4, CD44 and Nanog are reduced. And after knocking down of RAN or HSBP1 in Lin28A highly expressed OC cells, the survival and invasion of OC cells and tumor size of OC xenograft in nude mice were markedly inhibited and apoptosis was increased. Our data also showed that knock down of RAN or HSBP1 can inhibit the invasion ability of OC cells by decreasing the expression of N-cadherin, Vimentin and promoting the expression of E-cadherin. Meanwhile, knockdown of RAN or HSBP1 induced cell apoptosis by inhibiting the expression of PARP. Our results indicated that Lin28A could regulate the biological behaviors in OC cells through RAN/HSBP1. These findings suggest that Lin28A/RAN/HSBP1 can be used as a marker for diagnosis and prognosis of OC patients, and RAN/HSBP1 may be a potential new target for gene therapy of OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yancheng Zhong
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine; School of basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Non-resolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Lanqin Cao
- The department of gynecology of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Haotian Ma
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine; School of basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Qian Wang
- The department of gynecology of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Pingpin Wei
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine; School of basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Juan Yang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine; School of basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Yuqing Mo
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine; School of basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Lihua Cao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine; School of basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Cijun Shuai
- Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, China; State Key Laboratory of High Performance Complex Manufacturing, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Shuping Peng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine; School of basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Non-resolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
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11
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Zhang C, Zhao X, Du W, Shen J, Li S, Li Z, Wang Z, Liu F. Ran promotes the proliferation and migration ability of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells. Pathol Res Pract 2020; 216:152951. [PMID: 32334891 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2020.152951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
HNSCC is an aggressive tumor that often recurrence and metastasis. Although the treatment of HNSCC has improved over the past few decades, it is easy to recurrence even after comprehensive treatment. Ran is a small Ras-related GTPase belonging to the Ras superfamily. Recently, Ran has been proven to be an important oncogene involved in the metastatic progression of many human cancers. But there is seldom research on HNSCC about Ran. This study revealed the relationship between Ran expression and HNSCC characteristics, investigated the expression and role of Ran in HNSCC tissues and cells by means of immunohistochemistry, qRT-PCR, CCK-8, FCM and transwell migration assays. The results indicated that HNSCC tissues had significantly higher Ran expression than adjacent non-tumor tissues. The overall survival rate was significantly lower in patients with Ran-positive tumors than in those with Ran-negative tumors. Moreover, Ran was positively correlated with tumor grade, lymph node metastasis and recurrence. Ran was also high expressed in the HNSCC cell lines (PCI-37B and SCC9) and down regulated of Ran could evidently inhibit their proliferation, migration and down-regulate of Met protein. In conclusion, our findings suggested Ran could promote the proliferation and migration ability of HNSCC cells. Ran may play an important role in the development of HNSCC and may serve as a novel prognostic indicator of HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Zhang
- Center for Implant Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Shenyang, China
| | - Xida Zhao
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Biology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Shenyang, China
| | - Weidong Du
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Shenyang, China
| | - Jing Shen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Shenyang, China
| | - Siqi Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Shenyang, China
| | - Zijia Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Shenyang, China
| | - Zengxu Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Shenyang, China
| | - Fayu Liu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Shenyang, China.
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12
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Das P, Roychowdhury A, Das S, Roychoudhury S, Tripathy S. sigFeature: Novel Significant Feature Selection Method for Classification of Gene Expression Data Using Support Vector Machine and t Statistic. Front Genet 2020; 11:247. [PMID: 32346383 PMCID: PMC7169426 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Biological data are accumulating at a faster rate, but interpreting them still remains a problem. Classifying biological data into distinct groups is the first step in understanding them. Data classification in response to a certain treatment is an extremely important aspect for differentially expressed genes in making present/absent calls. Many feature selection algorithms have been developed including the support vector machine recursive feature elimination procedure (SVM-RFE) and its variants. Support vector machine RFEs are greedy methods that attempt to find superlative possible combinations leading to binary classification, which may not be biologically significant. To overcome this limitation of SVM-RFE, we propose a novel feature selection algorithm, termed as “sigFeature” (https://bioconductor.org/packages/sigFeature/), based on SVM and t statistic to discover the differentially significant features along with good performance in classification. The “sigFeature” R package is centered around a function called “sigFeature,” which provides automatic selection of features for the binary classification. Using six publicly available microarray data sets (downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus) with different biological attributes, we further compared the performance of “sigFeature” to three other feature selection algorithms. A small number of selected features (by “sigFeature”) also show higher classification accuracy. For further downstream evaluation of its biological signature, we conducted gene set enrichment analysis with the selected features (genes) from “sigFeature” and compared it with the outputs of other algorithms. We observed that “sigFeature” is able to predict the signature of four out of six microarray data sets accurately, whereas the other algorithms predict less data set signatures. Thus, “sigFeature” is considerably better than related algorithms in discovering differentially significant features from microarray data sets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pijush Das
- Computational Genomics lab, Structural Biology and Bioinformatics Division, CSIR- Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Anirban Roychowdhury
- Department of Oncogene Regulation, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Subhadeep Das
- Computational Genomics lab, Structural Biology and Bioinformatics Division, CSIR- Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | | | - Sucheta Tripathy
- Computational Genomics lab, Structural Biology and Bioinformatics Division, CSIR- Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi, India
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13
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Huang X, Zhao J, Fu W, Zhu J, Lou S, Tian X, Chen S, Ruan J, He J, Zhou H. The association of RAN and RANBP2 gene polymerphisms with Wilms tumor risk in Chinese children. J Cancer 2020; 11:804-809. [PMID: 31949483 PMCID: PMC6959007 DOI: 10.7150/jca.36651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Wilms tumor is considered to be the most common renal malignancy among children. RAN, a member of RAS superfamily, and its binding partner RANBP2 are related to the progression of multiple tumors. Nevertheless, the effects of the RAN and RANBP2 gene polymorphisms on the tumorigenesis of Wilms tumor remain unclarified. In this study, three potentially functional polymorphisms (rs56109543 C>T, rs7132224 A>G, and rs14035 C>T) in the RAN and one (rs2462788 C>T) in the RANBP2 were chosen to investigate their association with Wilms tumor susceptibility. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were applied to assess the association of the selected polymorphisms with Wilms tumor susceptibility. Results shown that RAN rs7132224 AG/GG genotypes significantly increased Wilms tumor risk when compared to AA genotype (adjusted OR=1.40, 95% CI=1.01-1.95, P=0.047). Carriers of 1-3 risk genotypes have a significantly higher Wilms tumor risk than those without risk genotype (adjusted OR=1.49, 95% CI=1.07-2.07, P=0.020). Moreover, stratified analysis indicated that RAN rs56109543 CT/TT genotypes, RAN rs7132224 AG/GG genotypes and RANBP2 rs2462788 CT/TT genotypes remarkably increased Wilms tumor susceptibility among the subgroups. Our results indicated that RAN and RANBP2 polymorphisms were associated with Wilms tumor susceptibility in Chinese children. The role of RAN/RANBP2 in cancers deserves more attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaokai Huang
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wen Fu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510623, China
| | - Jinhong Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Biobank, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Susu Lou
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoqian Tian
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shanshan Chen
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jichen Ruan
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jing He
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510623, China
- ✉ Corresponding authors: Haixia Zhou, Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 West Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang, China, Tel./Fax: +86-13587898900, ; or Jing He, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, 9 Jinsui Road, Guangzhou 510623, Guangdong, China, Tel./Fax: (+86-020)38076560,
| | - Haixia Zhou
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang, China
- ✉ Corresponding authors: Haixia Zhou, Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 West Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang, China, Tel./Fax: +86-13587898900, ; or Jing He, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, 9 Jinsui Road, Guangzhou 510623, Guangdong, China, Tel./Fax: (+86-020)38076560,
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14
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Yao L, Zhou Y, Sui Z, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Xie H, Gao H, Fan H, Zhang Y, Liu M, Li S, Tang H. HBV-encoded miR-2 functions as an oncogene by downregulating TRIM35 but upregulating RAN in liver cancer cells. EBioMedicine 2019; 48:117-129. [PMID: 31530503 PMCID: PMC6838411 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 08/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection has been well established as a high-risk factor for the carcinogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Cellular microRNA (miRNA) is involved in tumorigenesis by accelerating the malignant phenotype in HCC. However, whether HBV can encode miRNAs that contribute to HCC is not entirely clear. METHODS In this study, an miRNA encoded by HBV (HBV-miR-2) was identified by Solexa sequencing in HBV-positive HCC specimens and further verified in serum samples from HCC patients with HBV infection and in HBV-positive HCC cell lines. To evaluate the roles of HBV-miR-2 in liver cancer cells, we determined cell viability and migration/invasion ability by gain-of-function experiment in HBV(-) liver cancer cells (HepG2 and Huh7) and loss-of-function experiments in Huh7 cells stably expressing HBV-miR-2 (Huh7/HBV-miR-2 cells) and HepG2.2.15 cells. Furthermore, to elucidate the mechanism by which HBV-miR-2 work on cell malignancy, we identified and studied the effect of two target genes (TRIM35 and RAN) of HBV-miR-2 in liver cancer cells. FINDINGS We revealed that HBV-miR-2 promoted HCC cell growth ability by suppressing apoptosis and promoting migration and invasion by enhancing the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), functioning as an oncogene in the development of HBV-related HCC. Furthermore, we demonstrated that HBV-miR-2 suppresses the expression of TRIM35 but enhances RAN expression by targeting their 3'-untranslated regions (3'UTR) and that the ectopic expression of TRIM35 or knockdown of RAN counteracted the malignant phenotypes induced by HBV-miR-2. INTERPRETATION Our findings indicate that an HBV-encoded miRNA, HBV-miR-2, promotes oncogenic activity by downregulating TRIM35 expression and upregulating RAN expression in liver cancer cells, likely providing insight into tumorigenesis in HBV-related liver cancer. FUND: This work was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No: 81830094; 91629302; 31270818) and the Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin (No: 12JCZDJC25100).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Yao
- Tianjin Life Science Research Center, Tianjin Laboratory of Inflammation Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Department of Pathogen Biology, Basic Medical School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Yadi Zhou
- Tianjin Life Science Research Center, Tianjin Laboratory of Inflammation Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Department of Pathogen Biology, Basic Medical School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Zhenhua Sui
- Tianjin Life Science Research Center, Tianjin Laboratory of Inflammation Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Department of Pathogen Biology, Basic Medical School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Yanling Zhang
- Tianjin Life Science Research Center, Tianjin Laboratory of Inflammation Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Department of Pathogen Biology, Basic Medical School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Yankun Liu
- The Cancer Institute, Tangshan People's Hospital, Tangshan 063001, China
| | - Hong Xie
- Tianjin Life Science Research Center, Tianjin Laboratory of Inflammation Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Department of Pathogen Biology, Basic Medical School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
| | - Huijie Gao
- Tianjin Life Science Research Center, Tianjin Laboratory of Inflammation Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Department of Pathogen Biology, Basic Medical School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Hongxia Fan
- Tianjin Life Science Research Center, Tianjin Laboratory of Inflammation Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Department of Pathogen Biology, Basic Medical School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Tianjin Life Science Research Center, Tianjin Laboratory of Inflammation Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Department of Pathogen Biology, Basic Medical School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Min Liu
- Tianjin Life Science Research Center, Tianjin Laboratory of Inflammation Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Department of Pathogen Biology, Basic Medical School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Shengping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China.
| | - Hua Tang
- Tianjin Life Science Research Center, Tianjin Laboratory of Inflammation Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Department of Pathogen Biology, Basic Medical School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
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15
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Ran promotes membrane targeting and stabilization of RhoA to orchestrate ovarian cancer cell invasion. Nat Commun 2019; 10:2666. [PMID: 31209254 PMCID: PMC6573066 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-10570-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Ran is a nucleocytoplasmic shuttle protein that is involved in cell cycle regulation, nuclear-cytoplasmic transport, and cell transformation. Ran plays an important role in cancer cell survival and cancer progression. Here, we show that, in addition to the nucleocytoplasmic localization of Ran, this GTPase is specifically associated with the plasma membrane/ruffles of ovarian cancer cells. Ran depletion has a drastic effect on RhoA stability and inhibits RhoA localization to the plasma membrane/ruffles and RhoA activity. We further demonstrate that the DEDDDL domain of Ran is required for the interaction with serine 188 of RhoA, which prevents RhoA degradation by the proteasome pathway. Moreover, the knockdown of Ran leads to a reduction of ovarian cancer cell invasion by impairing RhoA signalling. Our findings provide advanced insights into the mode of action of the Ran-RhoA signalling axis and may represent a potential therapeutic avenue for drug development to prevent ovarian tumour metastasis. Ran, a nucleus-cytoplasm shuttle protein, is implicated in cancer development and survival. Here, the authors show that Ran binds RhoA to impair its degradation and allow its localisation to the plasma membrane of ovarian cancer cells for tumour invasion.
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16
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Sheng KL, Pridham KJ, Sheng Z, Lamouille S, Varghese RT. Functional Blockade of Small GTPase RAN Inhibits Glioblastoma Cell Viability. Front Oncol 2019; 8:662. [PMID: 30671385 PMCID: PMC6331428 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma, the most common malignant tumor in the brain, lacks effective treatments and is currently incurable. To identify novel drug targets for this deadly cancer, the publicly available results of RNA interference screens from the Project Achilles database were analyzed. Ten candidate genes were identified as survival genes in 15 glioblastoma cell lines. RAN, member RAS oncogene family (RAN) was expressed in glioblastoma at the highest level among all candidates based upon cDNA microarray data. However, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis did not show any correlation between RAN mRNA levels and patient survival. Because RAN is a small GTPase that regulates nuclear transport controlled by karyopherin subunit beta 1 (KPNB1), RAN was further analyzed together with KPNB1. Indeed, GBM patients with high levels of RAN also had more KPNB1 and levels of KPNB1 alone did not relate to patient prognosis. Through a Cox multivariate analysis, GBM patients with high levels of RAN and KPNB1 showed significantly shorter life expectancy when temozolomide and promoter methylation of O6-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase were used as covariates. These results indicate that RAN and KPNB1 together are associated with drug resistance and GBM poor prognosis. Furthermore, the functional blockade of RAN and KPNB1 by importazole remarkably suppressed cell viability and activated apoptosis in GBM cells expressing high levels of RAN, while having a limited effect on astrocytes and GBM cells with undetectable RAN. Together, our results demonstrate that RAN activity is important for GBM survival and the functional blockade of RAN/KPNB1 is an appealing therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin L Sheng
- Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC, Roanoke, VA, United States
| | - Kevin J Pridham
- Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC, Roanoke, VA, United States
| | - Zhi Sheng
- Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC, Roanoke, VA, United States.,Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Roanoke, VA, United States.,Virginia Tech Center for Drug Discovery, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States.,Wake Forest Baptist Comprehensive Cancer Center, Winston-Salem, NC, United States.,Faculty of Health Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Samy Lamouille
- Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC, Roanoke, VA, United States.,Basic Science Education, Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Roanoke, VA, United States.,Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Robin T Varghese
- Department of Biological Affairs and Research, Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, Blacksburg, VA, United States
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17
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Sharma A, McCarron P, Matchett K, Hawthorne S, El-Tanani M. Anti-Invasive and Anti-Proliferative Effects of shRNA-Loaded Poly(Lactide-Co-Glycolide) Nanoparticles Following RAN Silencing in MDA-MB231 Breast Cancer Cells. Pharm Res 2018; 36:26. [PMID: 30560466 PMCID: PMC6297200 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-018-2555-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background Overexpression of the RAN GTP (RAN) gene has been shown to be linked to metastatic activity of MDA-MB231 human breast cancer cells by increasing Ras/MEK/ERK and PI3K/Akt/mTORC1 signalling. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of polymeric nanoparticles to deliver two novel shRNA sequences, targeted against the RAN gene, to MDA-MB231 cells grown in culture and to assess their effects in a range of biological assays. Methods Biodegradable PLGA nanoparticles, loaded with shRNA-1 and shRNA-4, were fabricated using a double emulsion solvent evaporation technique and characterised for size, zeta potential and polydispersity index before testing on the MDA-MB231 cell line in a range of assays including cell viability, migration, invasion and gene knock down. Results shRNA-loaded nanoparticles were successfully fabricated and delivered to MDA-MB231 cells in culture, where they effectively released their payload, causing a decrease in both cell invasion and cell migration by knocking down RAN gene expression. Conclusion Results indicate the anti-RAN shRNA-loaded nanoparticles deliver and release biological payload to MDA-MB231 cells in culture. This works paves the way for further investigations into the possible use of anti-RAN shRNA-loaded NP formulations for the treatment of breast cancer in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankur Sharma
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ulster University, Cromore Road, Coleraine, Co. Londonderry, BT52 1SA, UK
| | - Paul McCarron
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ulster University, Cromore Road, Coleraine, Co. Londonderry, BT52 1SA, UK
| | - Kyle Matchett
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Health Sciences Building, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Susan Hawthorne
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ulster University, Cromore Road, Coleraine, Co. Londonderry, BT52 1SA, UK.
| | - Mohamed El-Tanani
- Institute of Cancer Therapeutics, ICT building, University of Bradford, Richmond Road, Bradford, England, BD7 1DP, UK
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18
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Fucic A, Aghajanyan A, Culig Z, Le Novere N. Systems Oncology: Bridging Pancreatic and Castrate Resistant Prostate Cancer. Pathol Oncol Res 2018; 25:1269-1277. [PMID: 30220022 DOI: 10.1007/s12253-018-0467-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Large investments by pharmaceutical companies in the development of new antineoplastic drugs have not been resulting in adequate advances of new therapies. Despite the introduction of new methods, technologies, translational medicine and bioinformatics, the usage of collected knowledge is unsatisfactory. In this paper, using examples of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PaC) and castrate-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), we proposed a concept showing that, in order to improve applicability of current knowledge in oncology, the re-clustering of clinical and scientific data is crucial. Such an approach, based on systems oncology, would include bridging of data on biomarkers and pathways between different cancer types. Proposed concept would introduce a new matrix, which enables combining of already approved therapies between cancer types. Paper provides a (a) detailed analysis of similarities in mechanisms of etiology and progression between PaC and CRPC, (b) diabetes as common hallmark of both cancer types and (c) knowledge gaps and directions of future investigations. Proposed horizontal and vertical matrix in cancer profiling has potency to improve current antineoplastic therapy efficacy. Systems biology map using Systems Biology Graphical Notation Language is used for summarizing complex interactions and similarities of mechanisms in biology of PaC and CRPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Fucic
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska c 2, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - A Aghajanyan
- Institute of Medicine, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Z Culig
- Department of Urology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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19
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Sheng C, Qiu J, Wang Y, He Z, Wang H, Wang Q, Huang Y, Zhu L, Shi F, Chen Y, Xiong S, Xu Z, Ni Q. Knockdown of Ran GTPase expression inhibits the proliferation and migration of breast cancer cells. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:157-168. [PMID: 29750309 PMCID: PMC6059664 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.8952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-associated mortality in women worldwide. Strong evidence has suggested that Ran, which is a small GTP binding protein involved in the transport of RNA and protein across the nucleus, may be a key cellular protein involved in the metastatic progression of cancer. The present study investigated Ran gene expression in breast cancer tissue samples obtained from 140 patients who had undergone surgical resection for breast cancer. Western blot analysis of Ran in breast cancer tissues and paired adjacent normal tissues showed that expression of Ran was significantly increased in breast cancer tissues. Immunohistochemistry analyses conducted on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded breast cancer tissue sections revealed that Ran expression was associated with tumor histological grade, nerve invasion and metastasis, vascular metastasis and Ki-67 expression (a marker of cell proliferation). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that increased Ran expression in patients with breast cancer was positively associated with a poor survival prognosis. Furthermore, in vitro experiments demonstrated that highly migratory MDA-MB-231 cancer cells treated with Ran-si-RNA (si-Ran), which knocked down expression of Ran, exhibited decreased motility in trans-well migration and wound healing assays. Cell cycle analysis of Ran knocked down MDA-MB-231 cells implicated Ran in cell cycle arrest and the inhibition of proliferation. Furthermore, a starvation and re-feeding (CCK-8) assay was performed, which indicated that Ran regulated breast cancer cell proliferation. Taken together, the results provide strong in vitro evidence of the involvement of Ran in the progression of breast cancer and suggest that it could have high potential as a therapeutic target and/or marker of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyi Sheng
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Jian Qiu
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Yingying Wang
- Surgical Comprehensive Laboratory, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Zhixian He
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Qingqing Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Yeqing Huang
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226361, P.R. China
| | - Lianxin Zhu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Lu'an People's Hospital Tumor Center, The Lu'an Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Lu'an, Anhui 237000, P.R. China
| | - Feng Shi
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Yingying Chen
- Surgical Comprehensive Laboratory, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Shiyao Xiong
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Xu
- Surgical Comprehensive Laboratory, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Qichao Ni
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
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20
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Zhang J, Liu C, Mo X, Shi H, Li S. Mechanisms by which CXCR4/CXCL12 cause metastatic behavior in pancreatic cancer. Oncol Lett 2017; 15:1771-1776. [PMID: 29434873 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.7512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
C-X-C motif chemokine receptor (CXCR) 4/CXCL12 is associated with tumor invasion and metastasis in pancreatic cancer. The present study aimed to investigate the possible mechanisms behind this process by studying the association between the expression of CXCR4 and numerous molecular markers. A total of 60 patients with pancreatic cancer who had been treated with radical surgery between July 2012 and February 2016 were included in the present study. The expression of CXCR4/CXCL12 in primary pancreatic cancer lesions, tissues adjacent to cancerous tissue, non-cancerous pancreatic tissues and in the surrounding lymph nodes was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Expression levels of four candidate biomarkers [vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C), Ki-67, matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) and β-catenin] were also evaluated. The correlation between CXCR4 and these four biomarkers was assessed. CXCR4 (CXCL12) expression levels were higher in pancreatic cancer 56.7% (86.7%), paracancerous tissue 50.0% (85.0%) and surrounding lymph nodes 53.3% (80.0%), compared with in normal tissues 18.3% (45.0%). CXCR4 expression was significantly associated with the lymph node metastasis of tumors (P=0.001), pathological type (P=0.037) and tumor-node-metastasis stage (P=0.031). CXCR4 expression exhibited a positive correlation with VEGF-C (r=0.417; P=0.001), Ki-67 (r=0.316; P=0.014), MMP-2 (r=0.284; P=0.028) and β-catenin (r=0.368; P=0.04). Furthermore, logistic regression analysis revealed VEGF-C (β=1.722; P=0.005) and Ki-67 (β=1.196; P=0.047) to be two biomarkers that cause metastasis via CXCR4. CXCR4/CXCL12 is closely associated with tumor grade and lymphatic metastasis. VEGF-C and Ki-67 are two important biomarkers, through which CXCR4 initiates metastatic behavior in pancreatic cancer. Therefore, angiogenesis inhibitors will continue to be effective agents in treating pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbo Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, P.R. China
| | - Chengxin Liu
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, P.R. China
| | - Xinkai Mo
- Department of Pathology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, P.R. China
| | - Huan Shi
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, P.R. China
| | - Sheng Li
- Department of Hepatology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, P.R. China
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21
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van der Watt PJ, Chi A, Stelma T, Stowell C, Strydom E, Carden S, Angus L, Hadley K, Lang D, Wei W, Birrer MJ, Trent JO, Leaner VD. Targeting the Nuclear Import Receptor Kpnβ1 as an Anticancer Therapeutic. Mol Cancer Ther 2016; 15:560-73. [PMID: 26832790 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-15-0052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Accepted: 01/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Karyopherin beta 1 (Kpnβ1) is a nuclear transport receptor that imports cargoes into the nucleus. Recently, elevated Kpnβ1 expression was found in certain cancers and Kpnβ1 silencing with siRNA was shown to induce cancer cell death. This study aimed to identify novel small molecule inhibitors of Kpnβ1, and determine their anticancer activity. An in silico screen identified molecules that potentially bind Kpnβ1 and Inhibitor of Nuclear Import-43, INI-43 (3-(1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)-1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)pyrrolo[5,4-b]quinoxalin-2-amine) was investigated further as it interfered with the nuclear localization of Kpnβ1 and known Kpnβ1 cargoes NFAT, NFκB, AP-1, and NFY and inhibited the proliferation of cancer cells of different tissue origins. Minimum effect on the proliferation of noncancer cells was observed at the concentration of INI-43 that showed a significant cytotoxic effect on various cervical and esophageal cancer cell lines. A rescue experiment confirmed that INI-43 exerted its cell killing effects, in part, by targeting Kpnβ1. INI-43 treatment elicited a G2-M cell-cycle arrest in cancer cells and induced the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. Intraperitoneal administration of INI-43 significantly inhibited the growth of subcutaneously xenografted esophageal and cervical tumor cells. We propose that Kpnβ1 inhibitors could have therapeutic potential for the treatment of cancer. Mol Cancer Ther; 15(4); 560-73. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline J van der Watt
- Division of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, SAMRC/UCT Gynaecological Cancer Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Alicia Chi
- Division of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, SAMRC/UCT Gynaecological Cancer Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Tamara Stelma
- Division of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, SAMRC/UCT Gynaecological Cancer Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Catherine Stowell
- Division of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, SAMRC/UCT Gynaecological Cancer Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Erin Strydom
- Division of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, SAMRC/UCT Gynaecological Cancer Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Sarah Carden
- Division of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, SAMRC/UCT Gynaecological Cancer Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Liselotte Angus
- Division of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, SAMRC/UCT Gynaecological Cancer Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Kate Hadley
- Division of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, SAMRC/UCT Gynaecological Cancer Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Dirk Lang
- Confocal and Light Microscope Imaging Facility, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Wei Wei
- Center for Cancer Research, The Gillette Center for Gynecologic Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Michael J Birrer
- Center for Cancer Research, The Gillette Center for Gynecologic Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - John O Trent
- Department of Medicine, J.G. Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Virna D Leaner
- Division of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, SAMRC/UCT Gynaecological Cancer Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
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22
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Caputo E, Wang E, Valentino A, Crispi S, De Giorgi V, Fico A, Ficili B, Capone M, Anniciello A, Cavalcanti E, Botti G, Mozzillo N, Ascierto PA, Marincola FM, Travali S. Ran signaling in melanoma: implications for the development of alternative therapeutic strategies. Cancer Lett 2014; 357:286-296. [PMID: 25444926 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2014.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2014] [Revised: 10/29/2014] [Accepted: 11/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
We performed a comparative study between two human metastatic melanoma cell lines (A375 and 526), and melanocytes (FOM78) by gene expression profiling and pathway analysis, using Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) software. Genes involved in Ran signaling were significantly over-represented (p ≤ 0.001) and up-regulated in melanoma cells. A melanoma-associated molecular pathway was identified, where Ran, Aurora Kinase A (AurkA) and TERT were up-regulated, while c-myc and PTEN were down-regulated. A consistent high Ran and AurkA gene expression was detected in about 48% and 53%, respectively, of 113 tissue samples from metastatic melanoma patients. AurkA down-regulation was observed in melanoma cells, by Ran knockdown, suggesting AurkA protein is a Ran downstream target. Furthermore, AurkA inhibition, by exposure of melanoma cells to MLN8054, a specific AurKA inhibitor, induced apoptosis in both melanoma cell lines and molecular alterations in the IPA-identified molecular pathway. These alterations differed between cell lines, with an up-regulation of c-myc protein level observed in 526 cells and a slight reduction seen in A375 cells. Moreover, Ran silencing did not affect the A375 invasive capability, while it was enhanced in 526 cells, suggesting that Ran knockdown, by AurkA down-regulation, resulted in a Ran-independent enhanced melanoma cell invasion. Finally, AurK A inhibition induced a PTEN up-regulation and its action was independent of B-RAF mutational status. These findings provide insights relevant for the development of novel therapeutic strategies as well as for a better understanding of mechanisms underlying therapy resistance in melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia Caputo
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics -I.G.B. A. Buzzati-Traverso- CNR, Naples I-80131, Italy; Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Università degli Studi di Catania, Catania I-95124, Italy.
| | - Ena Wang
- Infectious Disease and Immunogenetics Section (IDIS), Department of Transfusion Medicine (DTM), Clinical Center (CC), Center for Human Immunology (CHI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States; Sidra Medical and Research Center, Doha, Qatar
| | - Anna Valentino
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics -I.G.B. A. Buzzati-Traverso- CNR, Naples I-80131, Italy
| | - Stefania Crispi
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics -I.G.B. A. Buzzati-Traverso- CNR, Naples I-80131, Italy; Institute of Biosciences and BioResources-IBB, CNR, Naples I-8013, Italy
| | - Valeria De Giorgi
- Infectious Disease and Immunogenetics Section (IDIS), Department of Transfusion Medicine (DTM), Clinical Center (CC), Center for Human Immunology (CHI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Annalisa Fico
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics -I.G.B. A. Buzzati-Traverso- CNR, Naples I-80131, Italy
| | - Bartolomea Ficili
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Università degli Studi di Catania, Catania I-95124, Italy
| | - Mariaelena Capone
- Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione G. Pascale, Naples I-80131, Italy
| | | | | | - Gerardo Botti
- Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione G. Pascale, Naples I-80131, Italy
| | - Nicola Mozzillo
- Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione G. Pascale, Naples I-80131, Italy
| | - Paolo A Ascierto
- Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione G. Pascale, Naples I-80131, Italy
| | - Francesco M Marincola
- Infectious Disease and Immunogenetics Section (IDIS), Department of Transfusion Medicine (DTM), Clinical Center (CC), Center for Human Immunology (CHI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States; Sidra Medical and Research Center, Doha, Qatar
| | - Salvatore Travali
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Università degli Studi di Catania, Catania I-95124, Italy
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