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Zhidkova EM, Tilova LR, Fetisov TI, Kirsanov KI, Kulikov EP, Enikeev AD, Budunova IV, Badun GA, Chernysheva MG, Shirinian VZ, Yakubovskaya MG, Lesovaya EA. Synthesis and Anti-Cancer Activity of the Novel Selective Glucocorticoid Receptor Agonists of the Phenylethanolamine Series. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8904. [PMID: 39201590 PMCID: PMC11354514 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25168904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2024] [Revised: 08/09/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoids (GCs) are widely used for treating hematological malignancies despite their multiple adverse effects. The biological response to GCs relies on glucocorticoid receptor (GR) transrepression (TR) that mediates the anticancer effects and transactivation (TA) associated with the side effects. Selective GR agonists (SEGRAs) preferentially activating GR TR could offer greater benefits in cancer treatment. One of the well-characterized SEGRAs, 2-(4-acetoxyphenyl)-2-chloro-N-methylethylammonium-chloride (CpdA), exhibited anticancer activity; however, its translational potential is limited due to chemical instability. To overcome this limitation, we obtained CpdA derivatives, CpdA-01-CpdA-08, employing two synthetic strategies and studied their anti-tumor activity: 4-(1-hydroxy-2-(piperidin-1-yl)ethyl)phenol or CpdA-03 demonstrated superior GR affinity and stability compared to CpdA. In lymphoma Granta and leukemia CEM cell lines, CpdA-03 ligand exhibited typical SEGRA properties, inducing GR TR without triggering GR TA. CpdA-03 effects on cell viability, growth, and apoptosis were similar to the reference GR ligand, dexamethasone (Dex), and the source compound CpdA. In vivo testing of CpdA-03 activity against lymphoma on the transplantable P388 murine lymphoma model showed that CpdA-03 reduced tumor volume threefold, outperforming Dex and CpdA. In conclusion, in this work, we introduce a novel SEGRA CpdA-03 as a promising agent for lymphoma treatment with fewer side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina M. Zhidkova
- Department of Chemical Carcinogenesis, Institute of Carcinogenesis, N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center for Oncology, Kashirskoe Shosse 24-15, Moscow 115478, Russia; (E.M.Z.); (T.I.F.); (K.I.K.); (M.G.Y.)
| | - Leyla R. Tilova
- Faculty of Normal and Pathological Anatomy, H.M. Berbekov Kabardino-Balkarian State University, Chernyshevsky Str 173, Nalchik 3620004, Russia;
| | - Timur I. Fetisov
- Department of Chemical Carcinogenesis, Institute of Carcinogenesis, N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center for Oncology, Kashirskoe Shosse 24-15, Moscow 115478, Russia; (E.M.Z.); (T.I.F.); (K.I.K.); (M.G.Y.)
| | - Kirill I. Kirsanov
- Department of Chemical Carcinogenesis, Institute of Carcinogenesis, N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center for Oncology, Kashirskoe Shosse 24-15, Moscow 115478, Russia; (E.M.Z.); (T.I.F.); (K.I.K.); (M.G.Y.)
- Institute of Medicine, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Miklukho-Maklaya St. 6, Moscow 117198, Russia
| | - Evgeny P. Kulikov
- Faculty of Oncology, I.P. Pavlov Ryazan State Medical University, Vysokovol’tnaya Str 9, Ryazan 390026, Russia;
| | - Adel D. Enikeev
- Oncogene Regulation Department, Institute of Carcinogenesis, N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center for Oncology, Kashirskoe Shosse 24-15, Moscow 115478, Russia;
| | - Irina V. Budunova
- Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, East Chicago Avenue 303, Chicago, IL 60611, USA;
| | - Gennadii A. Badun
- Faculty of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskiye Gory 1, Moscow 119991, Russia; (G.A.B.); (M.G.C.)
| | - Maria G. Chernysheva
- Faculty of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskiye Gory 1, Moscow 119991, Russia; (G.A.B.); (M.G.C.)
| | - Valerii Z. Shirinian
- Laboratory of Heterocyclic Compounds, N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, 47, Leninsky Prospect, Moscow 119991, Russia;
| | - Marianna G. Yakubovskaya
- Department of Chemical Carcinogenesis, Institute of Carcinogenesis, N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center for Oncology, Kashirskoe Shosse 24-15, Moscow 115478, Russia; (E.M.Z.); (T.I.F.); (K.I.K.); (M.G.Y.)
- Institute of Medicine, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Miklukho-Maklaya St. 6, Moscow 117198, Russia
| | - Ekaterina A. Lesovaya
- Department of Chemical Carcinogenesis, Institute of Carcinogenesis, N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center for Oncology, Kashirskoe Shosse 24-15, Moscow 115478, Russia; (E.M.Z.); (T.I.F.); (K.I.K.); (M.G.Y.)
- Institute of Medicine, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Miklukho-Maklaya St. 6, Moscow 117198, Russia
- Faculty of Oncology, I.P. Pavlov Ryazan State Medical University, Vysokovol’tnaya Str 9, Ryazan 390026, Russia;
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2
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Eigentler A, Handle F, Schanung S, Degen A, Hackl H, Erb HHH, Fotakis G, Hoefer J, Ploner C, Jöhrer K, Heidegger I, Pircher A, Klotz W, Herold M, Schäfer G, Culig Z, Puhr M. Glucocorticoid treatment influences prostate cancer cell growth and the tumor microenvironment via altered glucocorticoid receptor signaling in prostate fibroblasts. Oncogene 2024; 43:235-247. [PMID: 38017134 PMCID: PMC10798901 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-023-02901-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Despite significant therapeutic advances in recent years, treatment of metastatic prostate cancer (PCa) remains palliative, owing to the inevitable occurrence of drug resistance. There is increasing evidence that epithelial glucocorticoid receptor (GR) signaling and changes in the tumor-microenvironment (TME) play important roles in this process. Since glucocorticoids (GCs) are used as concomitant medications in the course of PCa treatment, it is essential to investigate the impact of GCs on stromal GR signaling in the TME. Therefore, general GR mRNA and protein expression was assessed in radical prostatectomy specimens and metastatic lesions. Elevated stromal GR signaling after GC treatment resulted in altered GR-target gene, soluble protein expression, and in a morphology change of immortalized and primary isolated cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). Subsequently, these changes affected proliferation, colony formation, and 3D-spheroid growth of multiple epithelial PCa cell models. Altered expression of extra-cellular matrix (ECM) and adhesion-related proteins led to an ECM remodeling. Notably, androgen receptor pathway inhibitor treatments did not affect CAF viability. Our findings demonstrate that GC-mediated elevated GR signaling has a major impact on the CAF secretome and the ECM architecture. GC-treated fibroblasts significantly influence epithelial tumor cell growth and must be considered in future therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Eigentler
- Department of Urology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Florian Handle
- Department of Urology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- Institute of Pathology, Neuropathology and Molecular Pathology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Silvia Schanung
- Department of Urology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Antonia Degen
- Department of Urology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Hubert Hackl
- Institute of Bioinformatics, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Holger H H Erb
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Georgios Fotakis
- Institute of Bioinformatics, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Julia Hoefer
- Department of Urology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Christian Ploner
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Karin Jöhrer
- Innovacell GesmbH, Mitterweg 25, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Isabel Heidegger
- Department of Urology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Andreas Pircher
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Werner Klotz
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Manfred Herold
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Georg Schäfer
- Institute of Pathology, Neuropathology and Molecular Pathology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Zoran Culig
- Department of Urology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Martin Puhr
- Department of Urology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
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Nagasaki T, Maeda H, Yanagisawa H, Nishida K, Kobayashi K, Wada N, Noguchi I, Iwakiri R, Taguchi K, Sakai H, Saruwatari J, Watanabe H, Otagiri M, Maruyama T. Carbon Monoxide-Loaded Red Blood Cell Prevents the Onset of Cisplatin-Induced Acute Kidney Injury. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1705. [PMID: 37760008 PMCID: PMC10526101 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12091705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) is an important factor that limits the clinical use of this drug for the treatment of malignancies. Oxidative stress and inflammation are considered to be the main causes of not only cisplatin-induced death of cancer cells but also cisplatin-induced AKI. Therefore, developing agents that exert antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects without weakening the anti-tumor effects of cisplatin is highly desirable. Carbon monoxide (CO) has recently attracted interest due to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumor properties. Herein, we report that CO-loaded red blood cell (CO-RBC) exerts renoprotective effects on cisplatin-induced AKI. Cisplatin treatment was found to reduce cell viability in proximal tubular cells via oxidative stress and inflammation. Cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity, however, was suppressed by the CO-RBC treatment. The intraperitoneal administration of cisplatin caused an elevation in the blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine levels. The administration of CO-RBC significantly suppressed these elevations. Furthermore, the administration of CO-RBC also reduced the deterioration of renal histology and tubular cell injury through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in cisplatin-induced AKI mice. Thus, our data suggest that CO-RBC has the potential to substantially prevent the onset of cisplatin-induced AKI, which, in turn, may improve the usefulness of cisplatin-based chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taisei Nagasaki
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-Honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan; (T.N.); (H.Y.); (K.N.); (K.K.); (N.W.); (I.N.); (R.I.); (H.W.)
| | - Hitoshi Maeda
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-Honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan; (T.N.); (H.Y.); (K.N.); (K.K.); (N.W.); (I.N.); (R.I.); (H.W.)
| | - Hiroki Yanagisawa
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-Honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan; (T.N.); (H.Y.); (K.N.); (K.K.); (N.W.); (I.N.); (R.I.); (H.W.)
| | - Kento Nishida
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-Honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan; (T.N.); (H.Y.); (K.N.); (K.K.); (N.W.); (I.N.); (R.I.); (H.W.)
| | - Kazuki Kobayashi
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-Honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan; (T.N.); (H.Y.); (K.N.); (K.K.); (N.W.); (I.N.); (R.I.); (H.W.)
| | - Naoki Wada
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-Honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan; (T.N.); (H.Y.); (K.N.); (K.K.); (N.W.); (I.N.); (R.I.); (H.W.)
| | - Isamu Noguchi
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-Honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan; (T.N.); (H.Y.); (K.N.); (K.K.); (N.W.); (I.N.); (R.I.); (H.W.)
| | - Ryotaro Iwakiri
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-Honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan; (T.N.); (H.Y.); (K.N.); (K.K.); (N.W.); (I.N.); (R.I.); (H.W.)
| | - Kazuaki Taguchi
- Division of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan;
| | - Hiromi Sakai
- Department of Chemistry, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan;
| | - Junji Saruwatari
- Division of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-Honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan;
| | - Hiroshi Watanabe
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-Honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan; (T.N.); (H.Y.); (K.N.); (K.K.); (N.W.); (I.N.); (R.I.); (H.W.)
| | - Masaki Otagiri
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan
- DDS Research Institute, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan
| | - Toru Maruyama
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-Honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan; (T.N.); (H.Y.); (K.N.); (K.K.); (N.W.); (I.N.); (R.I.); (H.W.)
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4
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Buonaiuto R, Neola G, Cecere SC, Caltavituro A, Cefaliello A, Pietroluongo E, De Placido P, Giuliano M, Arpino G, De Angelis C. Glucocorticoid Receptor and Ovarian Cancer: From Biology to Therapeutic Intervention. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13040653. [PMID: 37189400 DOI: 10.3390/biom13040653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is the leading cause of death from gynecological malignancies worldwide. Fortunately, recent advances in OC biology and the discovery of novel therapeutic targets have led to the development of novel therapeutic agents that may improve the outcome of OC patients. The glucocorticoid receptor (GR) is a ligand-dependent transcriptional factor known for its role in body stress reactions, energy homeostasis and immune regulation. Notably, evidence suggests that GR may play a relevant role in tumor progression and may affect treatment response. In cell culture models, administration of low levels of glucocorticoids (GCs) suppresses OC growth and metastasis. Conversely, high GR expression has been associated with poor prognostic features and long-term outcomes in patients with OC. Moreover, both preclinical and clinical data have shown that GR activation impairs the effectiveness of chemotherapy by inducing the apoptotic pathways and cell differentiation. In this narrative review, we summarize data related to the function and role of GR in OC. To this aim, we reorganized the controversial and fragmented data regarding GR activity in OC and herein describe its potential use as a prognostic and predictive biomarker. Moreover, we explored the interplay between GR and BRCA expression and reviewed the latest therapeutic strategies such as non-selective GR antagonists and selective GR modulators to enhance chemotherapy sensitivity, and to finally provide new treatment options in OC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Buonaiuto
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Neola
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Sabrina Chiara Cecere
- Oncologia Clinica Sperimentale Uro-Ginecologica, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione G Pascale, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Aldo Caltavituro
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Amedeo Cefaliello
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Erica Pietroluongo
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Pietro De Placido
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Mario Giuliano
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Grazia Arpino
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Carmine De Angelis
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
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5
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Huang X, Zheng Z, Zeng B, Xiao H, Zheng H, Lin Z, Song J, Li A, Chi P, Yang Y, Xu B, Zheng R. Impact of glucocorticoids on the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and survival of patients with locally advanced rectal cancer: a retrospective study. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:238. [PMID: 36918865 PMCID: PMC10012496 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-10592-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preclinical studies suggest that glucocorticoids (GCs) promote the proliferation and development of colorectal cancer. Because GCs are broadly prescribed for treatment-related adverse events in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) receiving neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NCRT), it's essential to assess the effect of GCs on clinical outcomes. METHODS LARC cases treated with NCRT followed by surgery were assessed retrospectively. Evaluation of the relationship between GCs use (GCs vs. non-GCs) and neoadjuvant rectal (NAR) score (as a three-level categorical dependent variable) was performed using multivariable multinomial logistic regression (MLR). We also examined the relationship between the accumulated dose of GCs and NAR using multivariate MLR. Survival analysis of disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method. Multivariate Cox regression was used to assess confounding factors that could influence OS and DFS. RESULTS This retrospective cohort study included 790 patients with newly diagnosed non-metastatic LARC (T3-4/N + M0) who received NCRT followed by surgery between January 2012 and April 2017. The end of the follow-up period was May 11, 2022. Among the 790 patients with LARC, 342 (43.2%) received GCs treatment and 448 (56.8%) did not during the NCRT-to-surgery period. GCs medication was significantly different between mid-NAR (8-16) and low-NAR (< 8) (odds ratio [OR], 0.615; 95% CI, 0.420-0.901; P = 0.013), and the high-NAR (> 16) and low-NAR (0.563; 0.352-0.900; 0.016). Patients exposed to GCs, had a decreased 5-year OS (GCs vs. non-GCs = 80.01% (95% CI, 75.87%-84.37%) vs. 85.30% (82.06%-88.67%), P = 0.023) and poorer 5-year DFS (73.99% (69.45%-78.82%) vs. 78.7% (75.14%-82.78%), P = 0.045). The accumulated dose of GCs was an independent risk factor for OS (hazard ratio [HR], 1.007 [1.001-1.014], 0.036) and DFS (1.010 [1.004-1.017], 0.001). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Our study revealed that GCs were associated with reduced efficacy of NCRT and worse clinical outcomes in patients with LARC during the NCRT-to-surgery period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxue Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No.29 XinQuan Road, Gulou District, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyuan Zheng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No.29 XinQuan Road, Gulou District, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, People's Republic of China.,Medical Technology and Engineering College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, People's Republic of China
| | - Bangwei Zeng
- Nosocomial Infection Control Branch, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Xiao
- Department of Pathology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Zheng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No.29 XinQuan Road, Gulou District, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuangbin Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No.29 XinQuan Road, Gulou District, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianyuan Song
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No.29 XinQuan Road, Gulou District, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, People's Republic of China.,Department of Medical Imaging Technology, College of Medical Technology and Engineering, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China.,Fujian Medical University Union Clinical Medicine College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Anchuan Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No.29 XinQuan Road, Gulou District, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, People's Republic of China.,Fujian Medical University Union Clinical Medicine College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China.,School of Clinical Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Pan Chi
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinghong Yang
- Nosocomial Infection Control Branch, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, People's Republic of China
| | - Benhua Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No.29 XinQuan Road, Gulou District, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Medical Imaging Technology, College of Medical Technology and Engineering, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China. .,Fujian Medical University Union Clinical Medicine College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China. .,School of Clinical Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Rong Zheng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No.29 XinQuan Road, Gulou District, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, People's Republic of China. .,Fujian Medical University Union Clinical Medicine College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China. .,Fujian Key Laboratory of Intelligent Imaging and Precision Radiotherapy for Tumors (Fujian Medical University), Fuzhou, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China. .,Clinical Research Center for Radiology and Radiotherapy of Fujian Province (Digestive,Hematological and Breast Malignancies), Fuzhou, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China.
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6
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Obrador E, Salvador-Palmer R, López-Blanch R, Oriol-Caballo M, Moreno-Murciano P, Estrela JM. Survival Mechanisms of Metastatic Melanoma Cells: The Link between Glucocorticoids and the Nrf2-Dependent Antioxidant Defense System. Cells 2023; 12:cells12030418. [PMID: 36766760 PMCID: PMC9913432 DOI: 10.3390/cells12030418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Circulating glucocorticoids increase during stress. Chronic stress, characterized by a sustained increase in serum levels of cortisol, has been associated in different cases with an increased risk of cancer and a worse prognosis. Glucocorticoids can promote gluconeogenesis, mobilization of amino acids, fat breakdown, and impair the body's immune response. Therefore, conditions that may favor cancer growth and the acquisition of radio- and chemo-resistance. We found that glucocorticoid receptor knockdown diminishes the antioxidant protection of murine B16-F10 (highly metastatic) melanoma cells, thus leading to a drastic decrease in their survival during interaction with the vascular endothelium. The BRAFV600E mutation is the most commonly observed in melanoma patients. Recent studies revealed that VMF/PLX40-32 (vemurafenib, a selective inhibitor of mutant BRAFV600E) increases mitochondrial respiration and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in BRAFV600E human melanoma cell lines. Early-stage cancer cells lacking Nrf2 generate high ROS levels and exhibit a senescence-like growth arrest. Thus, it is likely that a glucocorticoid receptor antagonist (RU486) could increase the efficacy of BRAF-related therapy in BRAFV600E-mutated melanoma. In fact, during early progression of skin melanoma metastases, RU486 and VMF induced metastases regression. However, treatment at an advanced stage of growth found resistance to RU486 and VMF. This resistance was mechanistically linked to overexpression of proteins of the Bcl-2 family (Bcl-xL and Mcl-1 in different human models). Moreover, melanoma resistance was decreased if AKT and NF-κB signaling pathways were blocked. These findings highlight mechanisms by which metastatic melanoma cells adapt to survive and could help in the development of most effective therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Obrador
- Cell Pathophysiology Unit (UFC), Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Scientia BioTech S.L., 46002 Valencia, Spain
- Correspondence: (E.O.); (J.M.E.); Tel.: +34-963864646 (J.M.E.)
| | - Rosario Salvador-Palmer
- Cell Pathophysiology Unit (UFC), Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Rafael López-Blanch
- Cell Pathophysiology Unit (UFC), Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Scientia BioTech S.L., 46002 Valencia, Spain
| | - María Oriol-Caballo
- Cell Pathophysiology Unit (UFC), Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Scientia BioTech S.L., 46002 Valencia, Spain
| | | | - José M. Estrela
- Cell Pathophysiology Unit (UFC), Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Scientia BioTech S.L., 46002 Valencia, Spain
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Spain
- Correspondence: (E.O.); (J.M.E.); Tel.: +34-963864646 (J.M.E.)
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7
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Khadka S, Druffner SR, Duncan BC, Busada JT. Glucocorticoid regulation of cancer development and progression. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1161768. [PMID: 37143725 PMCID: PMC10151568 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1161768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoids are steroid hormones that regulate a host of cellular and physiological functions. However, they are arguably best known for their potent anti-inflammatory properties. Chronic inflammation is well-known to promote the development and progression of numerous types of cancer, and emerging evidence suggests that glucocorticoid regulation of inflammation affects cancer development. However, the timing, intensity, and duration of glucocorticoid signaling have important but often contradictory effects on cancer development. Moreover, glucocorticoids are widely used in parallel with radiation and chemotherapy to control pain, dyspnea, and swelling, but their use may compromise anti-tumor immunity. This review will explore the effects of glucocorticoids on cancer development and progression with particular focus on pro and anti-tumor immunity.
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8
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Jongerius C, Vermeulen L, van Egmond M, Evers AWM, Buffart LM, Lenos KJ. Behavioral factors to modulate immunotherapy efficacy in cancer. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1066359. [PMID: 36591246 PMCID: PMC9800824 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1066359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors, including anti-PD-1 and anti-CTLA-4 therapies, are used to (re)activate the immune system to treat cancer. Despite promising results, a large group of patients does not respond to checkpoint inhibition. In the vulnerability-stress model of behavioral medicine, behavioral factors, such as stress, exercise and classical pharmacological conditioning, predict cancer incidence, recurrence and the efficacy of conventional cancer treatments. Given the important role of the immune system in these processes, certain behavior may be promising to complement immune checkpoint inhibition therapy. Here, we discuss the preliminary evidence and suitability of three behavioral mechanisms, i.e. stress modulation, exercise and classical pharmacological conditioning for the benefit of immunotherapy. It is crucial to study the potential beneficial effects of behavioral strategies that support immunotherapeutic anti-tumor effects with rigorous experimental evidence, to exploit behavioral mechanisms in improving checkpoint inhibition efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Jongerius
- Laboratory for Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology, Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands,Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam, Netherlands,Oncode Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands,*Correspondence: C. Jongerius,
| | - L. Vermeulen
- Laboratory for Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology, Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands,Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam, Netherlands,Oncode Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - M. van Egmond
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology & Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, Location VU University, Amsterdam, Netherlands,Department of Surgery, Amsterdam UMC, Location VU University, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - A. W. M. Evers
- Department of Health, Medical and Neuropsychology, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - L. M. Buffart
- Department of Physiology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - K. J. Lenos
- Laboratory for Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology, Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands,Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam, Netherlands,Oncode Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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9
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Sakellakis M, Flores LJ. Is the glucocorticoid receptor a key player in prostate cancer?: A literature review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e29716. [PMID: 35866830 PMCID: PMC9302310 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000029716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoids act through the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and exert pleiotropic effects in different cancer types. In prostate cancer cells, GR and androgen receptor (AR) share overlapping transcriptomes and cistromes. Under enzalutamide treatment, GR signaling can bypass AR activation and promote castration resistance via the expression of a subset of AR-target genes. However, GR-dependent growth under enhanced antiandrogen inhibition occurs only in a subset of primed cells. On the other hand, glucocorticoids have been used successfully in the treatment of prostate cancer for many years. In the context of AR signaling, GR competes with AR for DNA-binding and has the potential to halt the proliferation rate of prostate cancer cells. Their target genes overlap by <50% and they execute unique functions in vivo. In addition, even when AR and GR upregulate the same transcriptional target gene, the effect might not be identical in magnitude. Besides being able to drive tumor proliferation, GR is also a key player in prostate cancer cell survival. Stimulation of GR activity can undermine the effects of enhanced antiandrogen treatment, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. GR activation in prostate cancer can increase prosurvival gene expression. Identifying the full spectrum of GR activity will inform the optimal use of glucocorticosteroids in prostate cancer. It will also determine the best strategies to target the protumorigenic effects of GR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minas Sakellakis
- Department of Genitourinary Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, Texas, United States
- *Correspondence: Minas Sakellakis, Department of Genitourinary Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX 77030 (e-mail: )
| | - Laura Jacqueline Flores
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, MD Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, Texas, United States
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10
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Zhong C, Lu Y, Li Y, Xie H, Zhou G, Jia L. Similarities and differences between embryonic implantation and CTC invasion: Exploring the roles of abortifacients in cancer metastasis chemoprevention. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 237:114416. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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11
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Advantages and drawbacks of dexamethasone in glioblastoma multiforme. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2022; 172:103625. [PMID: 35158070 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2022.103625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The most widespread, malignant, and deadliest type of glial tumor is glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Despite radiation, chemotherapy, and radical surgery, the median survival of afflicted individuals is about 12 months. Unfortunately, existing therapeutic interventions are abysmal. Dexamethasone (Dex), a synthetic glucocorticoid, has been used for many years to treat brain edema and inflammation caused by GBM. Several investigations have recently shown that Dex also exerts antitumoral effects against GBM. On the other hand, more recent disputed findings have questioned the long-held dogma of Dex treatment for GBM. Unfortunately, steroids are associated with various undesirable side effects, including severe immunosuppression and metabolic changes like hyperglycemia, which may impair the survival of GBM patients. Current ideas and concerns about Dex's effects on GBM cerebral edema, cell proliferation, migration, and its clinical outcomes were investigated in this study.
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12
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Butz H, Patócs A. Mechanisms behind context-dependent role of glucocorticoids in breast cancer progression. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2022; 41:803-832. [PMID: 35761157 PMCID: PMC9758252 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-022-10047-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Glucocorticoids (GCs), mostly dexamethasone (dex), are routinely administered as adjuvant therapy to manage side effects in breast cancer. However, recently, it has been revealed that dex triggers different effects and correlates with opposite outcomes depending on the breast cancer molecular subtype. This has raised new concerns regarding the generalized use of GC and suggested that the context-dependent effects of GCs can be taken into potential consideration during treatment design. Based on this, attention has recently been drawn to the role of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) in development and progression of breast cancer. Therefore, in this comprehensive review, we aimed to summarize the different mechanisms behind different context-dependent GC actions in breast cancer by applying a multilevel examination, starting from the association of variants of the GR-encoding gene to expression at the mRNA and protein level of the receptor, and its interactions with other factors influencing GC action in breast cancer. The role of GCs in chemosensitivity and chemoresistance observed during breast cancer therapy is discussed. In addition, experiences using GC targeting therapeutic options (already used and investigated in preclinical and clinical trials), such as classic GC dexamethasone, selective glucocorticoid receptor agonists and modulators, the GC antagonist mifepristone, and GR coregulators, are also summarized. Evidence presented can aid a better understanding of the biology of context-dependent GC action that can lead to further advances in the personalized therapy of breast cancer by the evaluation of GR along with the conventional estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) in the routine diagnostic procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henriett Butz
- Department of Molecular Genetics and the National Tumor Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary.
- Hereditary Tumours Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences-Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Attila Patócs
- Department of Molecular Genetics and the National Tumor Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
- Hereditary Tumours Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences-Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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13
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Eckerling A, Ricon-Becker I, Sorski L, Sandbank E, Ben-Eliyahu S. Stress and cancer: mechanisms, significance and future directions. Nat Rev Cancer 2021; 21:767-785. [PMID: 34508247 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-021-00395-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The notion that stress and cancer are interlinked has dominated lay discourse for decades. More recent animal studies indicate that stress can substantially facilitate cancer progression through modulating most hallmarks of cancer, and molecular and systemic mechanisms mediating these effects have been elucidated. However, available clinical evidence for such deleterious effects is inconsistent, as epidemiological and stress-reducing clinical interventions have yielded mixed effects on cancer mortality. In this Review, we describe and discuss specific mediating mechanisms identified by preclinical research, and parallel clinical findings. We explain the discrepancy between preclinical and clinical outcomes, through pointing to experimental strengths leveraged by animal studies and through discussing methodological and conceptual obstacles that prevent clinical studies from reflecting the impacts of stress. We suggest approaches to circumvent such obstacles, based on targeting critical phases of cancer progression that are more likely to be stress-sensitive; pharmacologically limiting adrenergic-inflammatory responses triggered by medical procedures; and focusing on more vulnerable populations, employing personalized pharmacological and psychosocial approaches. Recent clinical trials support our hypothesis that psychological and/or pharmacological inhibition of excess adrenergic and/or inflammatory stress signalling, especially alongside cancer treatments, could save lives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anabel Eckerling
- Sagol School of Neuroscience and School of Psychological Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Itay Ricon-Becker
- Sagol School of Neuroscience and School of Psychological Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Liat Sorski
- Sagol School of Neuroscience and School of Psychological Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Elad Sandbank
- Sagol School of Neuroscience and School of Psychological Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Shamgar Ben-Eliyahu
- Sagol School of Neuroscience and School of Psychological Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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14
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Kuan LL, Dennison AR, Garcea G. Outcomes of peri-operative glucocorticosteroid use in major pancreatic resections: a systematic review. HPB (Oxford) 2021; 23:1789-1798. [PMID: 34593313 DOI: 10.1016/j.hpb.2021.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is increasing evidence that peri-operative glucocorticosteroid can ameliorate the systemic response following major surgery. Preliminary evidence suggests peri-operative usage of glucocorticosteroid may decrease post-operative complications. These positive associations have been observed in a range of different operations including intra-abdominal, thoracic, cardiac, and orthopaedic surgery. This review aims to investigate the impact of peri-operative glucocorticosteroid in major pancreatic resections. METHODS A systematic review based on a search in Medline and Embase databases was performed. PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews were followed. RESULTS A total of five studies were analysed; three randomised controlled trials and two retrospective cohort studies. The total patient population was 1042. The glucocorticosteroids used were intravenous hydrocortisone or dexamethasone. Three studies reported significantly lower morbidity in the peri-operative glucocorticosteroid group. The number needed to treat to prevent one major complication with hydrocortisone is four patients. Two studies demonstrated that dexamethasone was associated with a statistically significantly improved median overall survival in pancreatic cancer. CONCLUSION This is the first systematic review conducted to investigate the significance of peri-operative glucocorticosteroid in patients undergoing pancreatic resection. This review shows a correlation of positive outcomes with the administration of glucocorticosteroid in the peri-operative setting following a major pancreatic resection.. More randomised clinical trials are required to confirm if this is a true effect, as it would have significant implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Lian Kuan
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, United Kingdom; Discipline of Surgery, The University of Adelaide, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
| | - Ashley R Dennison
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Giuseppe Garcea
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, United Kingdom
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15
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Watson J, Ninh MK, Ashford S, Cornett EM, Kaye AD, Urits I, Viswanath O. Anesthesia Medications and Interaction with Chemotherapeutic Agents. Oncol Ther 2021; 9:121-138. [PMID: 33861416 PMCID: PMC8140172 DOI: 10.1007/s40487-021-00149-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is now a leading health concern worldwide. In an effort to provide these patients with adequate care, coordination between anesthesiologists and surgeons is crucial. In cancer-related treatment, it is very clear that radio-chemotherapy and medical procedures are important. There are some obstacles to anesthesia when dealing with cancer treatment, such as physiological disturbances, tumor-related symptoms, and toxicity in traditional chemotherapy treatment. Therefore, it is important that a multisystemic, multidisciplinary and patient-centered approach is used to preserve perioperative homeostasis and immune function integrity. Adding adjuvants can help increase patient safety and satisfaction and improve clinical efficacy. Correctly paired anesthetic procedures and medications will reduce perioperative inflammatory and immune changes that could potentially contribute to improved results for future cancer patients. Further research into best practice strategies is required which will help to enhance the acute and long-term effects of cancer care in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy Watson
- LSU Health Shreveport, 1501 Kings Hwy, Shreveport, LA 71103 USA
| | - Michael K. Ninh
- LSU Health Shreveport, 1501 Kings Hwy, Shreveport, LA 71103 USA
| | - Scott Ashford
- LSU Health Shreveport, 1501 Kings Hwy, Shreveport, LA 71103 USA
| | - Elyse M. Cornett
- Department of Anesthesiology, LSU Health Shreveport, 1501 Kings Highway, P.O. Box 33932, Shreveport, LA 71103 USA
| | - Alan David Kaye
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Neurosciences, LSU Health Shreveport, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA 71103 USA
| | - Ivan Urits
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 330 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA 02215 USA
| | - Omar Viswanath
- Department of Anesthesiology, Louisiana State University Shreveport, Shreveport, LA USA
- Valley Pain Consultants – Envision Physician Services, Phoenix, AZ USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE USA
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16
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Cecchi M, Paccosi S, Silvano A, Eid AH, Parenti A. Dexamethasone Induces the Expression and Function of Tryptophan-2-3-Dioxygenase in SK-MEL-28 Melanoma Cells. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14030211. [PMID: 33806305 PMCID: PMC7998133 DOI: 10.3390/ph14030211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Tryptophan-2,3-dioxygenase (TDO) is one of the key tryptophan-catabolizing enzymes with immunoregulatory properties in cancer. Contrary to expectation, clinical trials showed that inhibitors of the ubiquitously expressed enzyme, indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase-1 (IDO1), do not provide benefits in melanoma patients. This prompted the hypothesis that TDO may be a more attractive target. Because the promoter of TDO harbors glucocorticoid response elements (GREs), we aimed to assess whether dexamethasone (dex), a commonly used glucocorticoid, modulates TDO expression by means of RT-PCR and immunofluorescence and function by assessing cell proliferation and migration as well as metalloproteinase activity. Our results show that, in SK-Mel-28 melanoma cells, dex up-regulated TDO and its downstream effector aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) but not IDO1. Furthermore, dex stimulated cellular proliferation and migration and potentiated MMP2 activity. These effects were inhibited by the selective TDO inhibitor 680C91 and enhanced by IDO1 inhibitors. Taken together, our results demonstrate that the metastatic melanoma cell line SK-Mel-28 possesses a functional TDO which can also modulate cancer cell phenotype directly rather than through immune suppression. Thus, TDO appears to be a promising, tractable target in the management or the treatment of melanoma progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Cecchi
- Department of Health Sciences, Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology Section, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy; (M.C.); (S.P.); (A.S.)
| | - Sara Paccosi
- Department of Health Sciences, Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology Section, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy; (M.C.); (S.P.); (A.S.)
| | - Angela Silvano
- Department of Health Sciences, Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology Section, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy; (M.C.); (S.P.); (A.S.)
| | - Ali Hussein Eid
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
- Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Unit, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
- Correspondence: (A.H.E.); (A.P.); Tel.: +974-4403-7893 (A.H.E.)
| | - Astrid Parenti
- Department of Health Sciences, Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology Section, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy; (M.C.); (S.P.); (A.S.)
- Correspondence: (A.H.E.); (A.P.); Tel.: +974-4403-7893 (A.H.E.)
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17
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Zhidkova EM, Lylova ES, Savinkova AV, Mertsalov SA, Kirsanov KI, Belitsky GA, Yakubovskaya MG, Lesovaya EA. A Brief Overview of the Paradoxical Role of Glucocorticoids in Breast Cancer. BREAST CANCER-BASIC AND CLINICAL RESEARCH 2020; 14:1178223420974667. [PMID: 33424228 PMCID: PMC7755940 DOI: 10.1177/1178223420974667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Glucocorticoids (GCs) are stress hormones that play multiple roles in the regulation of cancer cell differentiation, apoptosis, and proliferation. Some types of cancers, such as hematological malignancies, can be effectively treated by GCs, whereas the responses of epithelial cancers to GC treatment vary, even within cancer subtypes. In particular, GCs are frequently used as supporting treatment of breast cancer (BC) to protect against chemotherapy side effects. In the therapy of nonaggressive luminal subtypes of BC, GCs can have auxiliary antitumor effects due to their cytotoxic actions on cancer cells. However, GCs can promote BC progression, colonization of distant metastatic sites, and metastasis. The effects of GCs on cell proliferation vary with BC subtype and its molecular profile and are realized via the activation of glucocorticoid receptor (GR), a well-known transcriptional factor involved in the regulation of the expression of multiple genes, cell-cell adhesion, and cell migration and polarity. This review focuses on the roles of GC signaling in the adhesion, migration, and metastasis of BC cells. We discuss the molecular mechanisms of GC actions that lead to BC metastasis and propose alternative pharmacological uses of GCs for BC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina M Zhidkova
- Department of Oncology, N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Evgeniya S Lylova
- Department of Oncology, N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alena V Savinkova
- Department of Oncology, N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Kirill I Kirsanov
- Department of Oncology, N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Moscow, Russia.,Department of General Medical Practice, RUDN University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Gennady A Belitsky
- Department of Oncology, N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Marianna G Yakubovskaya
- Department of Oncology, N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ekaterina A Lesovaya
- Department of Oncology, N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Moscow, Russia.,I.P. Pavlov Ryazan State Medical University, Ryazan, Russia
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18
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Malavia N, Kuche K, Ghadi R, Jain S. A bird's eye view of the advanced approaches and strategies for overshadowing triple negative breast cancer. J Control Release 2020; 330:72-100. [PMID: 33321156 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is one of the most aggressive form of breast cancer. It is characterized by the absence of estrogen, progesterone and human epidermal growth factor receptors. The main issue with TNBC is that it exhibits poor prognosis, high risk of relapse, short progression-free survival and low overall survival in patients. This is because the conventional therapy used for managing TNBC has issues pertaining to poor bioavailability, lower cellular uptake, increased off-target effects and development of resistance. To overcome such pitfalls, several other approaches are explored. In this context, the present manuscript showcases three of the most widely used approaches which are (i) nanotechnology-based approach; (ii) gene therapy approach and (iii) Phytochemical-based approach. The ultimate focus is to present and explain the insightful reports based on these approaches. Further, the review also expounds on the identified molecular targets and novel targeting ligands which are explored for managing TNBC effectively. Thus, in a nutshell, the review tries to highlight these existing treatment approaches which might inspire for future development of novel therapies with a potential of overshadowing TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilesh Malavia
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, S.A.S Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Kaushik Kuche
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, S.A.S Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Rohan Ghadi
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, S.A.S Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Sanyog Jain
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, S.A.S Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, India.
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19
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Gosain R, Gage-Bouchard E, Ambrosone C, Repasky E, Gandhi S. Stress reduction strategies in breast cancer: review of pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic based strategies. Semin Immunopathol 2020; 42:719-734. [PMID: 32948909 PMCID: PMC7704484 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-020-00815-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common cancer diagnosed in women. It is associated with multiple symptoms in both patients and caregivers, such as stress, anxiety, depression, sleep disturbance, and fatigue. Stress appears to promote cancer progression via activation of the sympathetic nervous system releasing epinephrine and norepinephrine as well as activation of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis releasing cortisol. These stress hormones have been shown to promote the proliferation of cancer cells. This review focuses on stress-reducing strategies which may decrease cancer progression by abrogating these pathways, with a main focus on the β-adrenergic signaling pathway. Patients utilize both non-pharmacologic and pharmacologic strategies to reduce stress. Non-pharmacologic stress-reduction strategies include complementary and alternative medicine techniques, such as meditation, yoga, acupuncture, exercise, use of natural products, support groups and psychology counseling, herbal compounds, and multivitamins. Pharmacologic strategies include abrogating the β2-adrenergic receptor signaling pathway to antagonize epinephrine and norepinephrine action on tumor and immune cells. β-Blocker drugs may play a role in weakening the pro-migratory and pro-metastatic effects induced by stress hormones in cancer and strengthening the anti-tumor immune response. Preclinical models have shown that non-selective β1/2-blocker use is associated with a decrease in tumor growth and metastases and clinical studies have suggested their positive impact on decreasing breast cancer recurrence and mortality. Thus, non-pharmacological approaches, along with pharmacological therapies part of clinical trials are available to cancer patients to reduce stress, and have promise to break the cycle of cancer and stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Gosain
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA.
- Department of Medicine, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Chautauqua, NY, USA.
| | - Elizabeth Gage-Bouchard
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Christine Ambrosone
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Elizabeth Repasky
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Shipra Gandhi
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
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20
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Mojica CAR, Ybañez WS, Olarte KCV, Poblete ABC, Bagamasbad PD. Differential Glucocorticoid-Dependent Regulation and Function of the ERRFI1 Gene in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Endocrinology 2020; 161:5841101. [PMID: 32432675 PMCID: PMC7316368 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqaa082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Glucocorticoids (GCs; eg, hydrocortisone [CORT]) are routinely used as chemotherapeutic, anti-emetic, and palliative agents in breast cancer (BCa) therapy. The effects of GC signaling on BCa progression, however, remain a contentious topic as GC treatment seems to be beneficial for receptor-positive subtypes but elicits unfavorable responses in triple-negative BCa (TNBC). The mechanistic basis for these conflicting effects of GC in BCa is poorly understood. In this study, we sought to decipher the molecular mechanisms that govern the GC-dependent induction of the tumor suppressor ERRFI1 gene, an inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling, and characterize the role of the GC-ERRFI1 regulatory axis in TNBC. Treatment of TNBC cell lines with a protein synthesis inhibitor or GC receptor (GR) antagonist followed by gene expression analysis suggests that ERRFI1 is a direct GR target. Using in silico analysis coupled with enhancer-reporter assays, we identified a putative ERRFI1 enhancer that supports CORT-dependent transactivation. In orthogonal assays for cell proliferation, survival, migration, and apoptosis, CORT mostly facilitated an oncogenic phenotype regardless of malignancy status. Lentiviral knockdown and overexpression of ERRFI1 showed that the CORT-enhanced oncogenic phenotype is restricted by ERRFI1 in the normal breast epithelial model MCF10A and to a lesser degree in the metastatic TNBC line MDA-MB-468. Conversely, ERRFI1 conferred pro-tumorigenic effects in the highly metastatic TNBC model MDA-MB-231. Taken together, our findings suggest that the progressive loss of the GC-dependent regulation and anti-tumorigenic function of ERRFI1 influences BCa progression and may contribute to the unfavorable effects of GC therapy in TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chromewell Agustin R Mojica
- National Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Weand S Ybañez
- National Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Kevin Christian V Olarte
- National Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Alyssa Beatrice C Poblete
- National Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Pia D Bagamasbad
- National Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
- Correspondence: Pia D. Bagamasbad, PhD, National Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, National Science Complex, University of the Philippines, Diliman, Quezon City, Metro Manila 1101, Philippines. E-mail:
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21
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Obrador E, Salvador R, López-Blanch R, Jihad-Jebbar A, Alcácer J, Benlloch M, Pellicer JA, Estrela JM. Melanoma in the liver: Oxidative stress and the mechanisms of metastatic cell survival. Semin Cancer Biol 2020; 71:109-121. [PMID: 32428715 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Metastatic melanoma is a fatal disease with a rapid systemic dissemination. The most frequent target sites are the liver, bone, and brain. Melanoma metastases represent a heterogeneous cell population, which associates with genomic instability and resistance to therapy. Interaction of melanoma cells with the hepatic sinusoidal endothelium initiates a signaling cascade involving cytokines, growth factors, bioactive lipids, and reactive oxygen and nitrogen species produced by the cancer cell, the endothelium, and also by different immune cells. Endothelial cell-derived NO and H2O2 and the action of immune cells cause the death of most melanoma cells that reach the hepatic microvascularization. Surviving melanoma cells attached to the endothelium of pre-capillary arterioles or sinusoids may follow two mechanisms of extravasation: a) migration through vessel fenestrae or b) intravascular proliferation followed by vessel rupture and microinflammation. Invading melanoma cells first form micrometastases within the normal lobular hepatic architecture via a mechanism regulated by cross-talk with the stroma and multiple microenvironment-related molecular signals. In this review special emphasis is placed on neuroendocrine (systemic) mechanisms as potential promoters of liver metastatic growth. Growing metastatic cells undergo functional and metabolic changes that increase their capacity to withstand oxidative/nitrosative stress, which favors their survival. This adaptive process also involves upregulation of Bcl-2-related antideath mechanisms, which seems to lead to the generation of more resistant cell subclones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Obrador
- Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, 46010, Valencia, Spain
| | - Rosario Salvador
- Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, 46010, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Ali Jihad-Jebbar
- Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, 46010, Valencia, Spain
| | - Javier Alcácer
- Pathology Laboratory, Quirón Hospital, 46010, Valencia, Spain
| | - María Benlloch
- Department of Health & Functional Valorization, San Vicente Martir Catholic University, 46001, Valencia, Spain
| | - José A Pellicer
- Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, 46010, Valencia, Spain
| | - José M Estrela
- Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, 46010, Valencia, Spain.
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22
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Gong JH, Zheng YB, Zhang MR, Wang YX, Yang SQ, Wang RH, Miao QF, Liu XJ, Zhen YS. Dexamethasone enhances the antitumor efficacy of Gemcitabine by glucocorticoid receptor signaling. Cancer Biol Ther 2020; 21:332-343. [PMID: 31906826 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2019.1702399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Gemcitabine (Gem) is currently used as the first-line therapy for liver and pancreatic cancer but has limited efficacy in most cases. Dexamethasone (Dex) have been applied as a chemoprotectant and chemosensitizer in cancer chemotherapy. This study further explored the potential of combination of Gem and Dex and tested the hypothesis that glucocorticoid receptor signaling is essential for the synergistic antitumor activity. In the HepG2 and AsPC-1 xenograft models, the combination treatment showed a significantly synergistic antitumor activity. Immunohistochemistry of post-treatment tumors showed a significant decrease in proliferation and angiogenesis as compared to either of the treatments alone. Dex alone and the combination with Gem inhibited the expression of glucocorticoid receptor. The combination of Dex and Gem showed synergistic cytotoxicity in cell lines in vitro. The antiproliferative synergism is prevented by used glucocorticoid receptor (GR) small interfering RNA, demonstrating that the glucocorticoid receptor is required for the antiproliferative synergism of Gem and Dex. The inhibition of glucocorticoid receptor signaling pathway and induction of apoptosis via activation of caspases 3, 8 and 9, PARP, contributed to the synergistic effect of this combination therapy. These results demonstrate that Dex could potentiate the antitumor efficacy of Gem. The synergistic antitumor activity of the combination of Dex and Gem was through glucocorticoid receptor signaling. Taken together, a combination of Dex and Gem shows a significant synergistic antitumor activity and lesser toxicity both in vitro and in vivo and could be a combination chemotherapy for the treatment of highly expression of glucocorticoid receptor patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Hua Gong
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yan-Bo Zheng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Meng-Ran Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yue-Xuan Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Si-Qi Yang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Rui-Hai Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Qing-Fang Miao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiu-Jun Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yong-Su Zhen
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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23
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Kumar R. Emerging role of glucocorticoid receptor in castration resistant prostate cancer: A potential therapeutic target. J Cancer 2020; 11:696-701. [PMID: 31942193 PMCID: PMC6959034 DOI: 10.7150/jca.32497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoids are used as co-medication with chemotherapy for solid tumors to reduce inflammation as well as cytotoxic side effects and are effective in easing symptoms related to chemotherapy. However, emerging evidence suggests that glucocorticoids may contribute to failure of chemotherapy and tumor progression of castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Thus, in recent years, glucocorticoid signaling pathway has become an important therapeutic target for CRPC. Understanding the exact mechanism of GR actions in CRPC is still work in progress. There are studies suggesting that GR expression can be upregulated following antiandrogen therapy and can contribute to resistance to hormone therapies. Therefore, attempts are being made to develop selective glucocorticoid receptor modulators that specifically antagonize GR activity in CRPC, and thereby provide clinical benefit by blocking the GR mechanism for tumor growth. However, more targeted approaches are needed to understand the role of the GR-mediated target gene expressions in the CRPC that could in near future lead to better therapeutic options for patients with CRPC. This review highlights current perspectives on the actions of glucocorticoids during tumor progression and metastasis of CRPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raj Kumar
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
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24
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Santos NAGD, Ferreira RS, Santos ACD. Overview of cisplatin-induced neurotoxicity and ototoxicity, and the protective agents. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 136:111079. [PMID: 31891754 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.111079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cisplatin has dramatically improved the survival rate of cancer patients, but it has also increased the prevalence of hearing and neurological deficits in this population. Cisplatin induces ototoxicity, peripheral (most prevalent) and central (rare) neurotoxicity. This review addresses the ototoxicity and the neurotoxicity associated with cisplatin-based chemotherapy, providing an integrated view of the potential protective agents that have been evaluated in vitro, in vivo and in clinical trials, their targets and mechanisms of protection and their effects on the antitumor activity of cisplatin. So far, the findings are insufficient to support the use of any oto- or neuroprotective agent before, during or after cisplatin chemotherapy. Despite their promising effects in vitro and in animal studies, many agents have not been evaluated in clinical trials. Additionally, the clinical trials have limitations concerning the sample size, controls, measurement, heterogeneous groups, several arms of treatment, short follow-up or no blinding. Besides that, for most agents, the effects on the antitumor activity of cisplatin have not been evaluated in tumor-bearing animals, which discourages clinical trials. Further well-designed randomized controlled clinical trials are necessary to definitely demonstrate the effectiveness of the oto- or neuroprotective agents proposed by animal and in vitro studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neife Aparecida Guinaim Dos Santos
- Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Rafaela Scalco Ferreira
- Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Antonio Cardozo Dos Santos
- Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
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25
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Ide H, Inoue S, Mizushima T, Kashiwagi E, Zheng Y, Miyamoto H. Role of glucocorticoid signaling in urothelial tumorigenesis: Inhibition by prednisone presumably through inducing glucocorticoid receptor transrepression. Mol Carcinog 2019; 58:2297-2305. [PMID: 31535408 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Glucocorticoids, including dexamethasone (DEX) and prednisone (PRED), have been prescribed in patients with neoplastic disease as cytotoxic agents or comedications. Nonetheless, it remains uncertain whether they have an impact on the development of bladder cancer. We, therefore, assessed the functional role of the glucocorticoid-mediated glucocorticoid receptor (GR) signaling in urothelial tumorigenesis. Tumor formation was significantly delayed in xenograft-bearing mice with implantation of control bladder cancer UMUC3 cells or nonneoplastic urothelial SVHUC cells undergoing malignant transformation induced by a chemical carcinogen 3-methylcholanthrene (MCA), compared with respective GR knockdown xenografts. Using the in vitro system with MCA-SVHUC cells, we screened 11 GR ligands, including DEX, and found significant inhibitory effects of PRED on their neoplastic transformation. The effects of PRED were restored by a GR antagonist RU486 in GR-positive MCA-SVHUC cells, while PRED failed to inhibit the neoplastic transformation of GR knockdown cells. Significant decreases in the expression levels of oncogenes (c-Fos/c-Jun) and significant increases in those of a tumor suppressor UGT1A were seen in MCA-SVHUC-control cells (vs GR-short hairpin RNA) or PRED-treated MCA-SVHUC-control cells (vs mock). In addition, N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl) nitrosamine induced bladder cancer in all of eight mock-treated mice vs seven (87.5%) of DEX-treated (P = .302) or four (50%) of PRED-treated (P = .021) animals. Finally, DEX was found to considerably induce both transactivation (activation of glucocorticoid-response element mediated transcription and expression of its targets) and transrepression (suppression of nuclear factor-kappa B transactivation and expression of its regulated genes) of GR in SVHUC cells, while PRED more selectively induced GR transrepression. These findings suggest that PRED could prevent urothelial tumorigenesis presumably via inducing GR transrepression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Ide
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Satoshi Inoue
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York.,James P. Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
| | - Taichi Mizushima
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York.,James P. Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
| | - Eiji Kashiwagi
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Yichun Zheng
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
| | - Hiroshi Miyamoto
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York.,James P. Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York.,Department of Urology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
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26
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Falcón-Beas C, Tittarelli A, Mora-Bau G, Tempio F, Pérez C, Hevia D, Behrens C, Flores I, Falcón-Beas F, Garrido P, Ascui G, Pereda C, González FE, Salazar-Onfray F, López MN. Dexamethasone turns tumor antigen-presenting cells into tolerogenic dendritic cells with T cell inhibitory functions. Immunobiology 2019; 224:697-705. [PMID: 31221438 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2019.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dendritic cells (DCs) are usually immunogenic, but they are also capable of inducing tolerance under anti-inflammatory conditions. Immunotherapy based on autologous DCs loaded with an allogeneic melanoma cell lysate (TRIMEL/DCs) induces immunological responses and increases melanoma patient survival. Glucocorticoids can suppress DC maturation and function, leading to a DC-mediated inhibition of T cell responses. METHODS The effect of dexamethasone, a glucocorticoid extensively used in cancer therapies, on TRIMEL/DCs phenotype and immunogenicity was examined. RESULTS Dexamethasone induced a semi-mature phenotype on TRIMEL/DC with low maturation surface marker expressions, decreased pro-inflammatory cytokine induction (IL-1β and IL-12) and increased release of regulatory cytokines (IL-10 and TGF-β). Dexamethasone-treated TRIMEL/DCs inhibited allogeneic CD4+ T cell proliferation and cytokine release (IFNγ, TNF-α and IL-17). Co-culturing melanoma-specific memory tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes with dexamethasone-treated TRIMEL/DC inhibited proliferation and effector T cell activities, including cytokine secretion and anti-melanoma cytotoxicity. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that dexamethasone repressed melanoma cell lysate-mediated DC maturation, generating a potent tolerogenic-like DC phenotype that inhibited melanoma-specific effector T cell activities. These results suggest that dexamethasone-induced immunosuppression may interfere with the clinical efficacy of DC-based melanoma vaccines, and must be taken into account for optimal design of cellular therapy against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristián Falcón-Beas
- Disciplinary Program of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, 8380453 Santiago, Chile; Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, 8380453 Santiago, Chile
| | - Andrés Tittarelli
- Disciplinary Program of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, 8380453 Santiago, Chile; Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, 8380453 Santiago, Chile
| | - Gabriela Mora-Bau
- Disciplinary Program of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, 8380453 Santiago, Chile; Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, 8380453 Santiago, Chile
| | - Fabián Tempio
- Disciplinary Program of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, 8380453 Santiago, Chile; Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, 8380453 Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudio Pérez
- Disciplinary Program of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, 8380453 Santiago, Chile; Cell Therapy Laboratory, Blood Bank Service, University of Chile Clinical Hospital, 8380453 Santiago, Chile
| | - Daniel Hevia
- Disciplinary Program of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, 8380453 Santiago, Chile; Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, 8380453 Santiago, Chile
| | - Carolina Behrens
- Disciplinary Program of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, 8380453 Santiago, Chile; Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, 8380453 Santiago, Chile
| | - Iván Flores
- Disciplinary Program of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, 8380453 Santiago, Chile; Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, 8380453 Santiago, Chile
| | - Felipe Falcón-Beas
- Disciplinary Program of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, 8380453 Santiago, Chile; Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, 8380453 Santiago, Chile
| | - Paola Garrido
- Disciplinary Program of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, 8380453 Santiago, Chile; Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, 8380453 Santiago, Chile
| | - Gabriel Ascui
- Disciplinary Program of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, 8380453 Santiago, Chile; Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, 8380453 Santiago, Chile
| | - Cristián Pereda
- Disciplinary Program of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, 8380453 Santiago, Chile; Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, 8380453 Santiago, Chile
| | - Fermín E González
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, 8380453 Santiago, Chile; Laboratory of Experimental Immunology & Cancer, Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, 8380492 Santiago, Chile
| | - Flavio Salazar-Onfray
- Disciplinary Program of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, 8380453 Santiago, Chile; Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, 8380453 Santiago, Chile
| | - Mercedes N López
- Disciplinary Program of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, 8380453 Santiago, Chile; Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, 8380453 Santiago, Chile; Cell Therapy Laboratory, Blood Bank Service, University of Chile Clinical Hospital, 8380453 Santiago, Chile.
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27
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Cortisol-induced SRSF3 expression promotes GR splicing, RACK1 expression and breast cancer cells migration. Pharmacol Res 2019; 143:17-26. [PMID: 30862604 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Recent data have demonstrated that triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) with high glucocorticoid receptor (GR) expression are associated to therapy resistance and increased mortality. Given that GR alternative splicing generates mainly GRα, responsible of glucocorticoids action, we investigated its role in the regulation of RACK1 (Receptor for Activated C Kinase 1), a scaffolding protein with a GRE (Glucocorticoid Response Element) site on its promoter and involved in breast cancer cells migration and invasion. We provide the first evidence that GRα transcriptionally regulates RACK1 by a mechanism connected to SRSF3 splicing factor, which promotes GRα, essential for RACK1 transcriptional regulation and consequently for cells migration. We also establish that this mechanism can be positively regulated by cortisol. Hence, our data elucidate RACK1 transcriptional regulation and demonstrate that SRSF3 involvement in cells migration implies its role in controlling different pathways thus highlighting that new players have to be considered in GR-positive TNBC.
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28
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Li B, Wang Y, Yin L, Huang G, Xu Y, Su J, Ma L, Lu J. Glucocorticoids promote the development of azoxymethane and dextran sulfate sodium-induced colorectal carcinoma in mice. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:94. [PMID: 30665389 PMCID: PMC6341596 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-5299-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stress has been suggested as a promoter of tumor growth and development. Glucocorticoids (GCs) are the main stress hormones and widely prescribed as drugs. However, the effect of GCs on the development and progression of colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is unclear. METHODS We evaluated the effect of corticosterone (CORT) on azoxymethane and dextran sulfate sodium (AOM/DSS)-induced carcinogenesis in the colorectum of C57BL/6 strain mice. Plasma level of CORT was detected by radioimmunoassay. The expression of proliferation markers (Ki-67 and PCNA), nuclear factor (NF)-κB p65 and phosphoto-p65 (P-p65), as well as cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 were determined by immunohistochemistry. Inflammation in colorectum was evaluated by histopathology. RESULTS CORT feeding in drinking water of mice not only significantly elevated plasma CORT concentration, but also significantly increased the incidence and neoplasms burden (number and size of neoplasms) in colorectum. CORT also significant enhanced the expression of cell proliferation marker (Ki-67 and PCNA), NF-κB p65 and P-p65 as well as COX-2 in colorectal neoplasm of AOM/DSS-treated mice. CONCLUSION In this study, we have found for the first time that CORT at stress level potentially promotes the growth and development of AOM/DSS-induced colorectal adenoma and carcinoma in mice. Up-regulation of NF-κB and COX-2 may be involved in the promoting effect of CORT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Li
- Department of pathophysiology, Second Military Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China.,Department of general surgery, Changhai hospital, Second Military Medical University, 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of pathophysiology, Second Military Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijuan Yin
- Department of pathology, Changhai hospital, Second Military Medical University, 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Gaoxiang Huang
- Department of pathophysiology, Second Military Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Xu
- Department of pathology, Changhai hospital, Second Military Medical University, 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Su
- Department of pathophysiology, Second Military Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Liye Ma
- Department of general surgery, Changhai hospital, Second Military Medical University, 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Lu
- Department of pathophysiology, Second Military Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China.
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29
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Regan Anderson TM, Ma S, Perez Kerkvliet C, Peng Y, Helle TM, Krutilina RI, Raj GV, Cidlowski JA, Ostrander JH, Schwertfeger KL, Seagroves TN, Lange CA. Taxol Induces Brk-dependent Prosurvival Phenotypes in TNBC Cells through an AhR/GR/HIF-driven Signaling Axis. Mol Cancer Res 2018; 16:1761-1772. [PMID: 29991529 PMCID: PMC6214723 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-18-0410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The metastatic cascade is a complex process that requires cancer cells to survive despite conditions of high physiologic stress. Previously, cooperation between the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and hypoxia-inducible factors (HIF) was reported as a point of convergence for host and cellular stress signaling. These studies indicated p38 MAPK-dependent phosphorylation of GR on Ser134 and subsequent p-GR/HIF-dependent induction of breast tumor kinase (PTK6/Brk), as a mediator of aggressive cancer phenotypes. Herein, p-Ser134 GR was quantified in human primary breast tumors (n = 281) and the levels of p-GR were increased in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) relative to luminal breast cancer. Brk was robustly induced following exposure of TNBC model systems to chemotherapeutic agents (Taxol or 5-fluorouracil) and growth in suspension [ultra-low attachment (ULA)]. Notably, both Taxol and ULA resulted in upregulation of the Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), a known mediator of cancer prosurvival phenotypes. Mechanistically, AhR and GR copurified and following chemotherapy and ULA, these factors assembled at the Brk promoter and induced Brk expression in an HIF-dependent manner. Furthermore, Brk expression was upregulated in Taxol-resistant breast cancer (MCF-7) models. Ultimately, Brk was critical for TNBC cell proliferation and survival during Taxol treatment and in the context of ULA as well as for basal cancer cell migration, acquired biological phenotypes that enable cancer cells to successfully complete the metastatic cascade. These studies nominate AhR as a p-GR binding partner and reveal ways to target epigenetic events such as adaptive and stress-induced acquisition of cancer skill sets required for metastatic cancer spread.Implication: Breast cancer cells enlist intracellular stress response pathways that evade chemotherapy by increasing cancer cell survival and promoting migratory phenotypes. Mol Cancer Res; 16(11); 1761-72. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarah M Regan Anderson
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology and The Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Shihong Ma
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Carlos Perez Kerkvliet
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology and The Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Yan Peng
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Taylor M Helle
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology and The Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Raisa I Krutilina
- Department of Pathology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Ganesh V Raj
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - John A Cidlowski
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Julie H Ostrander
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology and The Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Kathryn L Schwertfeger
- Department of Lab Medicine and Pathology, Masonic Cancer Center and Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Tiffany N Seagroves
- Department of Pathology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Carol A Lange
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology and The Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
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Maurice-Dror C, Perets R, Bar-Sela G. Glucocorticoids as an adjunct to oncologic treatment in solid malignancies - Not an innocent bystander. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2018; 126:37-44. [PMID: 29759565 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2018.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2017] [Revised: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoids are steroidal hormones which exert their action via genomic and non-genomic mechanisms. In the clinical setting, glucocorticoids are utilized for their anti-inflammatory, anti-allergenic and immunomodulatory effects and for their well-established, pro-apoptotic effects on hematological malignancies. In the treatment of solid tumors, glucocorticoids serve primarily for alleviation of tumor- and treatment-related symptoms and in most cases are not considered to have a direct effect on tumor growth and spread. However, significant pre-clinical data suggest that glucocorticoids have diverse effects on tumor progression, both pro- and anti- tumorigenic. In contrast, the clinical data regarding the pro- and anti-tumorigenic effects of glucocorticoids on solid tumors is scarce, and summarized in this review. The following review presents the suggested glucocorticoids mechanism of action and the effects of glucocorticoids on tumor cells, on the tumor microenvironment and on tumor response to cytotoxic therapy, in the pre-clinical and clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ruth Perets
- Division of Oncology, Rambam Health Care Campus, Israel; Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Gil Bar-Sela
- Division of Oncology, Rambam Health Care Campus, Israel; Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.
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31
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Rane JK, Erb HHH, Nappo G, Mann VM, Simms MS, Collins AT, Visakorpi T, Maitland NJ. Inhibition of the glucocorticoid receptor results in an enhanced miR-99a/100-mediated radiation response in stem-like cells from human prostate cancers. Oncotarget 2018; 7:51965-51980. [PMID: 27340920 PMCID: PMC5239528 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiation therapy is a major primary treatment option for both localized early stage prostate cancer, and for advanced, regionally un-resectable, cancer. However, around 30% of patients still experience biochemical recurrence after radiation therapy within 10 years. Thus, identification of better biomarkers and new targets are urgently required to improve current therapeutic strategies. The miR-99 family has been shown to play an important role in the regulation of the DNA damage response, via targeting of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling factors, SMARCA5 and SMARCD1 in cell line models. In the present study, we have demonstrated that low expression of miR-99a and miR-100 is present in cell populations which are relatively radiation insensitive, for example in prostate cancer stem cells and in castration-resistant prostate cancer. Additionally, treatment of cells with the synthetic glucocorticoid, Dexamethasone resulted in decreased miR-99a and 100 expression, suggesting a new mechanism of miR-99a and 100 regulation in androgen-independent prostate cells. Strikingly, treatment of prostate cells with the glucocorticoid receptor inhibitor, Mifepristone was found to sensitize prostate cells to radiation by increasing the levels of miR-99a and miR-100. These results qualify the miR99 family as markers of radiation sensitivity and as potential therapeutic targets to improve efficiency of radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayant K Rane
- The Cancer Research Unit, Department of Biology, University of York, York, North Yorkshire, YO10 5DD, UK.,Leukaemia and Stem Cell Biology Group, Department of Haematological Medicine, King's College London, Rayne Institute, London, SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Holger H H Erb
- The Cancer Research Unit, Department of Biology, University of York, York, North Yorkshire, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Giovanna Nappo
- The Cancer Research Unit, Department of Biology, University of York, York, North Yorkshire, YO10 5DD, UK.,Laboratory of Molecular Haematopoiesis and Stem Cell Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Vincent M Mann
- Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, East Yorkshire, HU6 7RX, UK.,Department of Urology, Castle Hill Hospital, Cottingham, East Yorkshire, HU16 5JQ, UK
| | - Matthew S Simms
- Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, East Yorkshire, HU6 7RX, UK.,Department of Urology, Castle Hill Hospital, Cottingham, East Yorkshire, HU16 5JQ, UK
| | - Anne T Collins
- The Cancer Research Unit, Department of Biology, University of York, York, North Yorkshire, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Tapio Visakorpi
- Prostate Cancer Research Center, Institute of Biosciences and Medical Technology - BioMediTech, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, 33520 Finland
| | - Norman J Maitland
- The Cancer Research Unit, Department of Biology, University of York, York, North Yorkshire, YO10 5DD, UK.,Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, East Yorkshire, HU6 7RX, UK
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32
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Drebert Z, De Vlieghere E, Bridelance J, De Wever O, De Bosscher K, Bracke M, Beck IM. Glucocorticoids indirectly decrease colon cancer cell proliferation and invasion via effects on cancer-associated fibroblasts. Exp Cell Res 2017; 362:332-342. [PMID: 29196164 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2017.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Revised: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) support cancer growth, invasion, and metastasis. Glucocorticoids (GCs), drugs often administered together with chemotherapy, are steroidal ligands of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), a transcription factor which upon activation regulates expression of multiple genes involved in suppression of inflammation. We have previously shown that in dexamethasone (Dex)-treated CAFs derived from colon cancer, production and secretion of several factors related to cancer progression, such as tenascin C (TNC) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), were strongly suppressed. In this study we show that GCs can neutralize the cancer cell-promoting properties of CAFs. Conditioned medium from solvent-treated CAFs (CMCTRL) stimulates proliferation, motility and stretched morphotype of GR-deficient HCT8/E11 colon cancer cells. Yet, HCT8/E11 proliferation and stretched morphotype are impaired upon treatment with conditioned medium from Dex-treated CAFs (CMDEX), but HCT8/E11 cell migration is slightly increased under these conditions. Moreover, expression and potential activity of MMP-2 is also reduced in CMDEX compared with CMCTRL. These combined in vitro results concur with the results from in vivo chick chorioallantoic membrane assays, where the co-cultures of CAFs with colon cancer cells displayed impaired tumor formation and cancer cell invasion due to Dex administration. Combined, GC treatment influences cancer cell behavior indirectly through effects on CAFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzanna Drebert
- Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Department of Radiation Oncology & Experimental Cancer Research, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Elly De Vlieghere
- Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Department of Radiation Oncology & Experimental Cancer Research, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jolien Bridelance
- Molecular Signaling and Cell Death Unit, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Olivier De Wever
- Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Department of Radiation Oncology & Experimental Cancer Research, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Karolien De Bosscher
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium; Receptor Research Laboratories, Nuclear Receptor Lab, VIB Center for Medical Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Marc Bracke
- Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Department of Radiation Oncology & Experimental Cancer Research, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ilse M Beck
- Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Department of Radiation Oncology & Experimental Cancer Research, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium; Department Health Sciences, Odisee University College, Ghent, Belgium.
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33
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Puhr M, Hoefer J, Eigentler A, Ploner C, Handle F, Schaefer G, Kroon J, Leo A, Heidegger I, Eder I, Culig Z, Van der Pluijm G, Klocker H. The Glucocorticoid Receptor Is a Key Player for Prostate Cancer Cell Survival and a Target for Improved Antiandrogen Therapy. Clin Cancer Res 2017; 24:927-938. [PMID: 29158269 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-17-0989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Revised: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: The major obstacle in the management of advanced prostate cancer is the occurrence of resistance to endocrine therapy. Although the androgen receptor (AR) has been linked to therapy failure, the underlying escape mechanisms have not been fully clarified. Being closely related to the AR, the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) has been suggested to play a role in enzalutamide and docetaxel resistance. Given that glucocorticoids are frequently applied to prostate cancer patients, it is essential to unravel the exact role of the GR in prostate cancer progression.Experimental Design: Assessment of GR expression and functional significance in tissues from 177 prostate cancer patients, including 14 lymph node metastases, as well as in several human prostate cancer models, including androgen-dependent, androgen-independent, and long-term antiandrogen-treated cell lines.Results: Although GR expression is reduced in primary prostate cancer tissue, it is restored in metastatic lesions. Relapse patients with high GR experience shortened progression-free survival. GR is significantly increased upon long-term abiraterone or enzalutamide treatment in the majority of preclinical models, thus identifying GR upregulation as an underlying mechanism for cells to bypass AR blockade. Importantly, GR inhibition by RNAi or chemical blockade results in impaired proliferation and 3D-spheroid formation in all tested cell lines.Conclusions: GR upregulation seems to be a common mechanism during antiandrogen treatment and supports the notion that targeting the GR pathway combined with antiandrogen medication may further improve prostate cancer therapy. Clin Cancer Res; 24(4); 927-38. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Puhr
- Department of Urology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Julia Hoefer
- Department of Urology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Andrea Eigentler
- Department of Urology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Christian Ploner
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery Innsbruck, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Florian Handle
- Department of Urology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Georg Schaefer
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Jan Kroon
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory of Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Angela Leo
- Department of Urology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Isabel Heidegger
- Department of Urology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Iris Eder
- Department of Urology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Zoran Culig
- Department of Urology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Gabri Van der Pluijm
- Department of Urology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Helmut Klocker
- Department of Urology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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Identification of a tumor-promoter cholesterol metabolite in human breast cancers acting through the glucocorticoid receptor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:E9346-E9355. [PMID: 29078321 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1707965114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) remains the primary cause of death from cancer among women worldwide. Cholesterol-5,6-epoxide (5,6-EC) metabolism is deregulated in BC but the molecular origin of this is unknown. Here, we have identified an oncometabolism downstream of 5,6-EC that promotes BC progression independently of estrogen receptor α expression. We show that cholesterol epoxide hydrolase (ChEH) metabolizes 5,6-EC into cholestane-3β,5α,6β-triol, which is transformed into the oncometabolite 6-oxo-cholestan-3β,5α-diol (OCDO) by 11β-hydroxysteroid-dehydrogenase-type-2 (11βHSD2). 11βHSD2 is known to regulate glucocorticoid metabolism by converting active cortisol into inactive cortisone. ChEH inhibition and 11βHSD2 silencing inhibited OCDO production and tumor growth. Patient BC samples showed significant increased OCDO levels and greater ChEH and 11βHSD2 protein expression compared with normal tissues. The analysis of several human BC mRNA databases indicated that 11βHSD2 and ChEH overexpression correlated with a higher risk of patient death, highlighting that the biosynthetic pathway producing OCDO is of major importance to BC pathology. OCDO stimulates BC cell growth by binding to the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), the nuclear receptor of endogenous cortisol. Interestingly, high GR expression or activation correlates with poor therapeutic response or prognosis in many solid tumors, including BC. Targeting the enzymes involved in cholesterol epoxide and glucocorticoid metabolism or GR may be novel strategies to prevent and treat BC.
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Huang GX, Wang Y, Su J, Zhou P, Li B, Yin LJ, Lu J. Up-regulation of Rho-associated kinase 1/2 by glucocorticoids promotes migration, invasion and metastasis of melanoma. Cancer Lett 2017; 410:1-11. [PMID: 28923399 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2017.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Revised: 08/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Although glucocorticoids (GCs) regulate proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis of tumor cells, their influence on metastasis of tumor cells is poorly understood. Melanoma is a type of skin cancers with high metastasis. We investigated the effect of GCs on metastasis of melanoma cells and its mechanism. We found that GCs significantly promoted the adhesion, migration, invasion of melanoma cells in vitro and lung metastasis in experimental melanoma metastasis mice. Dexamethasone (Dex), a synthetic GC, did not change the RhoA, RhoB and RhoC signalings, but significantly increased the expression and activity of Rho-associated kinase 1/2 (ROCK1/2). The effect of Dex was to increase ROCK1/2 stability mediated by glucocorticoid receptor. Inhibiting ROCK1/2 activity with Y-27632, a ROCK1/2 inhibitor abrogated the pro-migration and pro-metastasis effects of GCs in vitro and in vivo, indicating that ROCK1/2 mediated the pro-metastasis effects of GCs. Activation of PI3K/AKT also contributed to the pro-migration and pro-invasion effects of Dex partially through up-regulating ROCK1/2 expression. Additionally, Dex also down-regulated the expression of tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinase-2. Taken together, our findings provide new data to understand the possible promoting roles and mechanisms of GCs in melanoma metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gao-Xiang Huang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Second Military Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Second Military Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jie Su
- Department of Pathophysiology, Second Military Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China.
| | - Peng Zhou
- Department of Pathophysiology, Second Military Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China.
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Second Military Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China.
| | - Li-Juan Yin
- Department of Pathophysiology, Second Military Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jian Lu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Second Military Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China.
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Denslow A, Switalska M, Nowak M, Maciejewska M, Chlopicki S, Marcinek A, Gebicki J, Wietrzyk J. The effects of 1,4-dimethylpyridine in metastatic prostate cancer in mice. BMC Cancer 2017; 17:177. [PMID: 28270133 PMCID: PMC5341170 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-017-3161-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We previously showed that 1-methylnicotinamide (1-MNA) and its analog 1,4-dimethylpyridine (1,4-DMP) could inhibit the formation of lung metastases and enhance the efficacy of cyclophosphamide-based chemotherapy in the model of spontaneously metastasizing 4T1 mouse mammary gland tumors. In the present study, we aimed to investigate whether the previously observed activity of pyridine compounds pertains also to the prevention and the treatment of metastatic prostate tumors, in a combined chemotherapy with docetaxel. METHODS Cancer-preventing activity of 1,4-DMP was studied in the model of prostate tumors spontaneously arising in C57BL/6-Tg (TRAMP)8247Ng/J (TRAMP) mice. The efficacy of the combined chemotherapy, comprising simultaneous use of 1,4-DMP and docetaxel, was evaluated in the orthotopic mouse model of human PC-3M-luc2 prostate cancer. The toxicity of the applied treatment was also determined. RESULTS The development of prostate tumors in TRAMP mice remained unaffected after administration of 1,4-DMP. Similarly, no effect of 1,4-DMP was found on the growth of orthotopically transplanted PC-3M-luc2 tumors. However, when 1,4-DMP was administered along with docetaxel, it enhanced the anticancer activity of the chemotherapy. As a result, in PC-3M-luc2-bearing mice statistically significant inhibition of the tumor growth and lower metastases incidence were observed. The decreased metastatic yield is probably related to the diminished platelet activity observed in mice treated with combined therapeutic regimen. Finally, the combined treatment exhibited lowered side effects accompanying docetaxel administration. CONCLUSIONS Results presented herein confirm previously published data on the anticancer activity of pyridine compounds and demonstrate that 1,4-DMP may be beneficially implemented into chemotherapy utilizing various cytotoxic agents, directed against multiple metastatic tumor types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Denslow
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Weigla 12, Wroclaw, 53-114 Poland
| | - Marta Switalska
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Weigla 12, Wroclaw, 53-114 Poland
| | - Marcin Nowak
- Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 31, Wroclaw, 50-375 Poland
| | - Magdalena Maciejewska
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Weigla 12, Wroclaw, 53-114 Poland
| | - Stefan Chlopicki
- Chair of Pharmacology, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Grzegorzecka 16, Krakow, 31-531 Poland
- Jagiellonian Center for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Bobrzynskiego 14, Krakow, 30-348 Poland
| | - Andrzej Marcinek
- Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego 116, Lodz, 90-924 Poland
| | - Jerzy Gebicki
- Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego 116, Lodz, 90-924 Poland
| | - Joanna Wietrzyk
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Weigla 12, Wroclaw, 53-114 Poland
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Kroon J, Kooijman S, Cho NJ, Storm G, van der Pluijm G. Improving Taxane-Based Chemotherapy in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2016; 37:451-462. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2016.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Revised: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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38
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Leehy KA, Regan Anderson TM, Daniel AR, Lange CA, Ostrander JH. Modifications to glucocorticoid and progesterone receptors alter cell fate in breast cancer. J Mol Endocrinol 2016; 56:R99-R114. [PMID: 26831511 PMCID: PMC7256961 DOI: 10.1530/jme-15-0322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Steroid hormone receptors (SRs) are heavily posttranslationally modified by the reversible addition of a variety of molecular moieties, including phosphorylation, acetylation, methylation, SUMOylation, and ubiquitination. These rapid and dynamic modifications may be combinatorial and interact (i.e. may be sequential, complement, or oppose each other), creating a vast array of uniquely modified receptor subspecies that allow for diverse receptor behaviors that enable highly sensitive and context-dependent hormone action. For example, in response to hormone or growth factor membrane-initiated signaling events, posttranslational modifications (PTMs) to SRs alter protein-protein interactions that govern the complex process of promoter or gene-set selection coupled to transcriptional repression or activation. Unique phosphorylation events allow SRs to associate or disassociate with specific cofactors that may include pioneer factors and other tethering partners, which specify the resulting transcriptome and ultimately change cell fate. The impact of PTMs on SR action is particularly profound in the context of breast tumorigenesis, in which frequent alterations in growth factor-initiated signaling pathways occur early and act as drivers of breast cancer progression toward endocrine resistance. In this article, with primary focus on breast cancer relevance, we review the mechanisms by which PTMs, including reversible phosphorylation events, regulate the closely related SRs, glucocorticoid receptor and progesterone receptor, allowing for precise biological responses to ever-changing hormonal stimuli.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Breast Neoplasms/genetics
- Breast Neoplasms/metabolism
- Breast Neoplasms/mortality
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Female
- Gene Expression
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Prognosis
- Protein Isoforms
- Protein Processing, Post-Translational
- Receptors, Estrogen/metabolism
- Receptors, Glucocorticoid/chemistry
- Receptors, Glucocorticoid/genetics
- Receptors, Glucocorticoid/metabolism
- Receptors, Progesterone/chemistry
- Receptors, Progesterone/genetics
- Receptors, Progesterone/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Stress, Physiological
- Structure-Activity Relationship
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine A Leehy
- Department of Medicine and Pharmacology University of Minnesota Twin Cities MinneapolisMinnesota, USA
| | - Tarah M Regan Anderson
- Department of Medicine and Pharmacology University of Minnesota Twin Cities MinneapolisMinnesota, USA
| | - Andrea R Daniel
- Department of Medicine and Pharmacology University of Minnesota Twin Cities MinneapolisMinnesota, USA
| | - Carol A Lange
- Department of Medicine and Pharmacology University of Minnesota Twin Cities MinneapolisMinnesota, USA
| | - Julie H Ostrander
- Department of Medicine and Pharmacology University of Minnesota Twin Cities MinneapolisMinnesota, USA
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Regan Anderson TM, Ma SH, Raj GV, Cidlowski JA, Helle TM, Knutson TP, Krutilina RI, Seagroves TN, Lange CA. Breast Tumor Kinase (Brk/PTK6) Is Induced by HIF, Glucocorticoid Receptor, and PELP1-Mediated Stress Signaling in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Cancer Res 2016; 76:1653-63. [PMID: 26825173 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-15-2510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Cancer cells use stress response pathways to sustain their pathogenic behavior. In breast cancer, stress response-associated phenotypes are mediated by the breast tumor kinase, Brk (PTK6), via the hypoxia-inducible factors HIF-1α and HIF-2α. Given that glucocorticoid receptor (GR) is highly expressed in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), we investigated cross-talk between stress hormone-driven GR signaling and HIF-regulated physiologic stress. Primary TNBC tumor explants or cell lines treated with the GR ligand dexamethasone exhibited robust induction of Brk mRNA and protein that was HIF1/2-dependent. HIF and GR coassembled on the BRK promoter in response to either hypoxia or dexamethasone, indicating that Brk is a direct GR/HIF target. Notably, HIF-2α, not HIF-1α, expression was induced by GR signaling, and the important steroid receptor coactivator PELP1 was also found to be induced in a HIF-dependent manner. Mechanistic investigations showed how PELP1 interacted with GR to activate Brk expression and demonstrated that physiologic cell stress, including hypoxia, promoted phosphorylation of GR serine 134, initiating a feed-forward signaling loop that contributed significantly to Brk upregulation. Collectively, our findings linked cellular stress (HIF) and stress hormone (cortisol) signaling in TNBC, identifying the phospho-GR/HIF/PELP1 complex as a potential therapeutic target to limit Brk-driven progression and metastasis in TNBC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarah M Regan Anderson
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology and The Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Shi Hong Ma
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Ganesh V Raj
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - John A Cidlowski
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Taylor M Helle
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology and The Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Todd P Knutson
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology and The Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Raisa I Krutilina
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee HSC, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Tiffany N Seagroves
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee HSC, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Carol A Lange
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology and The Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
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Kroon J, Puhr M, Buijs JT, van der Horst G, Hemmer DM, Marijt KA, Hwang MS, Masood M, Grimm S, Storm G, Metselaar JM, Meijer OC, Culig Z, van der Pluijm G. Glucocorticoid receptor antagonism reverts docetaxel resistance in human prostate cancer. Endocr Relat Cancer 2016; 23:35-45. [PMID: 26483423 PMCID: PMC4657186 DOI: 10.1530/erc-15-0343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Resistance to docetaxel is a major clinical problem in advanced prostate cancer (PCa). Although glucocorticoids (GCs) are frequently used in combination with docetaxel, it is unclear to what extent GCs and their receptor, the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), contribute to the chemotherapy resistance. In this study, we aim to elucidate the role of the GR in docetaxel-resistant PCa in order to improve the current PCa therapies. GR expression was analyzed in a tissue microarray of primary PCa specimens from chemonaive and docetaxel-treated patients, and in cultured PCa cell lines with an acquired docetaxel resistance (PC3-DR, DU145-DR, and 22Rv1-DR). We found a robust overexpression of the GR in primary PCa from docetaxel-treated patients and enhanced GR levels in cultured docetaxel-resistant human PCa cells, indicating a key role of the GR in docetaxel resistance. The capability of the GR antagonists (RU-486 and cyproterone acetate) to revert docetaxel resistance was investigated and revealed significant resensitization of docetaxel-resistant PCa cells for docetaxel treatment in a dose- and time-dependent manner, in which a complete restoration of docetaxel sensitivity was achieved in both androgen receptor (AR)-negative and AR-positive cell lines. Mechanistically, we demonstrated down-regulation of Bcl-xL and Bcl-2 upon GR antagonism, thereby defining potential treatment targets. In conclusion, we describe the involvement of the GR in the acquisition of docetaxel resistance in human PCa. Therapeutic targeting of the GR effectively resensitizes docetaxel-resistant PCa cells. These findings warrant further investigation of the clinical utility of the GR antagonists in the management of patients with advanced and docetaxel-resistant PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Kroon
- Department of UrologyLeiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The NetherlandsDepartment of Targeted TherapeuticsMIRA Institute for Biological Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, The NetherlandsDepartment of UrologyMedical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, AustriaDepartment of Clinical OncologyLeiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The NetherlandsDivision of Experimental MedicineImperial College London, London, UKDepartment of PharmaceuticsUtrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The NetherlandsDepartment of EndocrinologyLeiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands Department of UrologyLeiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The NetherlandsDepartment of Targeted TherapeuticsMIRA Institute for Biological Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, The NetherlandsDepartment of UrologyMedical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, AustriaDepartment of Clinical OncologyLeiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The NetherlandsDivision of Experimental MedicineImperial College London, London, UKDepartment of PharmaceuticsUtrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The NetherlandsDepartment of EndocrinologyLeiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Puhr
- Department of UrologyLeiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The NetherlandsDepartment of Targeted TherapeuticsMIRA Institute for Biological Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, The NetherlandsDepartment of UrologyMedical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, AustriaDepartment of Clinical OncologyLeiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The NetherlandsDivision of Experimental MedicineImperial College London, London, UKDepartment of PharmaceuticsUtrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The NetherlandsDepartment of EndocrinologyLeiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen T Buijs
- Department of UrologyLeiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The NetherlandsDepartment of Targeted TherapeuticsMIRA Institute for Biological Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, The NetherlandsDepartment of UrologyMedical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, AustriaDepartment of Clinical OncologyLeiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The NetherlandsDivision of Experimental MedicineImperial College London, London, UKDepartment of PharmaceuticsUtrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The NetherlandsDepartment of EndocrinologyLeiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Geertje van der Horst
- Department of UrologyLeiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The NetherlandsDepartment of Targeted TherapeuticsMIRA Institute for Biological Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, The NetherlandsDepartment of UrologyMedical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, AustriaDepartment of Clinical OncologyLeiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The NetherlandsDivision of Experimental MedicineImperial College London, London, UKDepartment of PharmaceuticsUtrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The NetherlandsDepartment of EndocrinologyLeiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Daniëlle M Hemmer
- Department of UrologyLeiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The NetherlandsDepartment of Targeted TherapeuticsMIRA Institute for Biological Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, The NetherlandsDepartment of UrologyMedical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, AustriaDepartment of Clinical OncologyLeiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The NetherlandsDivision of Experimental MedicineImperial College London, London, UKDepartment of PharmaceuticsUtrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The NetherlandsDepartment of EndocrinologyLeiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Koen A Marijt
- Department of UrologyLeiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The NetherlandsDepartment of Targeted TherapeuticsMIRA Institute for Biological Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, The NetherlandsDepartment of UrologyMedical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, AustriaDepartment of Clinical OncologyLeiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The NetherlandsDivision of Experimental MedicineImperial College London, London, UKDepartment of PharmaceuticsUtrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The NetherlandsDepartment of EndocrinologyLeiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Ming S Hwang
- Department of UrologyLeiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The NetherlandsDepartment of Targeted TherapeuticsMIRA Institute for Biological Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, The NetherlandsDepartment of UrologyMedical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, AustriaDepartment of Clinical OncologyLeiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The NetherlandsDivision of Experimental MedicineImperial College London, London, UKDepartment of PharmaceuticsUtrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The NetherlandsDepartment of EndocrinologyLeiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Motasim Masood
- Department of UrologyLeiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The NetherlandsDepartment of Targeted TherapeuticsMIRA Institute for Biological Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, The NetherlandsDepartment of UrologyMedical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, AustriaDepartment of Clinical OncologyLeiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The NetherlandsDivision of Experimental MedicineImperial College London, London, UKDepartment of PharmaceuticsUtrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The NetherlandsDepartment of EndocrinologyLeiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Stefan Grimm
- Department of UrologyLeiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The NetherlandsDepartment of Targeted TherapeuticsMIRA Institute for Biological Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, The NetherlandsDepartment of UrologyMedical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, AustriaDepartment of Clinical OncologyLeiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The NetherlandsDivision of Experimental MedicineImperial College London, London, UKDepartment of PharmaceuticsUtrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The NetherlandsDepartment of EndocrinologyLeiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Gert Storm
- Department of UrologyLeiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The NetherlandsDepartment of Targeted TherapeuticsMIRA Institute for Biological Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, The NetherlandsDepartment of UrologyMedical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, AustriaDepartment of Clinical OncologyLeiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The NetherlandsDivision of Experimental MedicineImperial College London, London, UKDepartment of PharmaceuticsUtrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The NetherlandsDepartment of EndocrinologyLeiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands Department of UrologyLeiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The NetherlandsDepartment of Targeted TherapeuticsMIRA Institute for Biological Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, The NetherlandsDepartment of UrologyMedical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, AustriaDepartment of Clinical OncologyLeiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The NetherlandsDivision of Experimental MedicineImperial College London, London, UKDepartment of PharmaceuticsUtrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The NetherlandsDepartment of EndocrinologyLeiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Josbert M Metselaar
- Department of UrologyLeiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The NetherlandsDepartment of Targeted TherapeuticsMIRA Institute for Biological Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, The NetherlandsDepartment of UrologyMedical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, AustriaDepartment of Clinical OncologyLeiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The NetherlandsDivision of Experimental MedicineImperial College London, London, UKDepartment of PharmaceuticsUtrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The NetherlandsDepartment of EndocrinologyLeiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Onno C Meijer
- Department of UrologyLeiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The NetherlandsDepartment of Targeted TherapeuticsMIRA Institute for Biological Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, The NetherlandsDepartment of UrologyMedical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, AustriaDepartment of Clinical OncologyLeiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The NetherlandsDivision of Experimental MedicineImperial College London, London, UKDepartment of PharmaceuticsUtrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The NetherlandsDepartment of EndocrinologyLeiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Zoran Culig
- Department of UrologyLeiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The NetherlandsDepartment of Targeted TherapeuticsMIRA Institute for Biological Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, The NetherlandsDepartment of UrologyMedical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, AustriaDepartment of Clinical OncologyLeiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The NetherlandsDivision of Experimental MedicineImperial College London, London, UKDepartment of PharmaceuticsUtrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The NetherlandsDepartment of EndocrinologyLeiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Gabri van der Pluijm
- Department of UrologyLeiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The NetherlandsDepartment of Targeted TherapeuticsMIRA Institute for Biological Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, The NetherlandsDepartment of UrologyMedical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, AustriaDepartment of Clinical OncologyLeiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The NetherlandsDivision of Experimental MedicineImperial College London, London, UKDepartment of PharmaceuticsUtrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The NetherlandsDepartment of EndocrinologyLeiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Baker GM, Murphy T, Block T, Nguyen D, Lynch FJ. Development and validation of an immunohistochemistry assay to assess glucocorticoid receptor expression for clinical trials of mifepristone in breast cancer. Cancer Manag Res 2015; 7:361-8. [PMID: 26673410 PMCID: PMC4675647 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s91546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glucocorticoid receptor (GR) activity has been associated with chemotherapy resistance and poor outcomes in patients with triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). The aim of this study was to develop an immunohistochemistry (IHC) assay to assess GR expression in archival formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded human invasive breast carcinoma samples. METHODS An optimized GR assay protocol was developed using rabbit monoclonal antibody to GR clone D8H2. Precision and reproducibility of the GR IHC assay was determined by conducting multiple staining runs of four invasive breast carcinoma samples using replicate serial sections. Assay sensitivity was examined in 50 TNBC samples (>10 mm) obtained from a tumor bank, and 43 paired TNBC samples from a tissue microarray (TMA) (1.5 mm). GR positivity was assessed using a percent scoring approach with a ≥10% cutoff for nuclear staining of tumor cells at any intensity. Analysis of the paired TMA cores was performed by averaging the scores of the two cores for each case. RESULTS Equivalent cellular patterns of GR reactivity were observed in all replicates from the multiple staining runs; coefficients of variation did not exceed 4.7% for average H-scores greater than 3.4, thus meeting the criteria for assay precision and reproducibility (coefficient of variation ≤20%). GR expression in TNBC single-tissue samples and TMA cores was characterized as mostly nuclear, with some concurrent cytoplasmic reactivity. Eighty-four percent of the 49 evaluable TNBC samples and 60% of the 42 evaluable paired TMA samples were positive for GR expression. CONCLUSION A robust and reproducible GR IHC assay was successfully developed for use in invasive breast carcinoma tissues. Differences in GR expression between larger single tissues and smaller TMA cores illustrate the heterogeneity of the disease, as well as potential intra-tumoral heterogeneity. This assay is currently being utilized in clinical trials of mifepristone, a GR antagonist, in patients with TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle M Baker
- Department of Pathology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Thaddeus Block
- Corcept Therapeutics, Menlo Park, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Dat Nguyen
- Corcept Therapeutics, Menlo Park, CA, USA
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Ligand-dependent genomic function of glucocorticoid receptor in triple-negative breast cancer. Nat Commun 2015; 6:8323. [PMID: 26374485 PMCID: PMC4573460 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms9323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2014] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoids (GCs) have been widely used as coadjuvants in the treatment of solid tumours, but GC treatment may be associated with poor pharmacotherapeutic response or prognosis. The genomic action of GC in these tumours is largely unknown. Here we find that dexamethasone (Dex, a synthetic GC)-regulated genes in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells are associated with drug resistance. Importantly, these GC-regulated genes are aberrantly expressed in TNBC patients and are associated with unfavourable clinical outcomes. Interestingly, in TNBC cells, Compound A (CpdA, a selective GR modulator) only regulates a small number of genes not involved in carcinogenesis and therapy resistance. Mechanistic studies using a ChIP-exo approach reveal that Dex- but not CpdA-liganded glucocorticoid receptor (GR) binds to a single glucocorticoid response element (GRE), which drives the expression of pro-tumorigenic genes. Our data suggest that development of safe coadjuvant therapy should consider the distinct genomic function between Dex- and CpdA-liganded GR.
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Stringer-Reasor EM, Baker GM, Skor MN, Kocherginsky M, Lengyel E, Fleming GF, Conzen SD. Glucocorticoid receptor activation inhibits chemotherapy-induced cell death in high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma. Gynecol Oncol 2015; 138:656-62. [PMID: 26115975 PMCID: PMC4556542 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2015.06.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Revised: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 06/22/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To test the hypothesis that glucocorticoid receptor (GR) activation increases resistance to chemotherapy in high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGS-OvCa) and that treatment with a GR antagonist will improve sensitivity to chemotherapy. METHODS GR expression was assessed in OvCa cell lines by qRT-PCR and Western blot analysis and in xenografts and primary human tumors using immunohistochemistry (IHC). We also examined the effect of GR activation versus inhibition on chemotherapy-induced cytotoxicity in OvCa cell lines and in a xenograft model. RESULTS With the exception of IGROV-1 cells, all OvCa cell lines tested had detectable GR expression by Western blot and qRT-PCR analysis. Twenty-five out of the 27 human primary HGS-OvCas examined expressed GR by IHC. No cell line expressed detectable progesterone receptor (PR) or androgen receptor (AR) by Western blot analysis. In vitro assays showed that in GR-positive HeyA8 and SKOV3 cells, dexamethasone (100nM) treatment upregulated the pro-survival genes SGK1 and MKP1/DUSP1 and inhibited carboplatin/gemcitabine-induced cell death. Concurrent treatment with two GR antagonists, either mifepristone (100nM) or CORT125134 (100nM), partially reversed these effects. There was no anti-apoptotic effect of dexamethasone on chemotherapy-induced cell death in IGROV-1 cells, which did not have detectable GR protein. Mifepristone treatment alone was not cytotoxic in any cell line. HeyA8 OvCa xenograft studies demonstrated that adding mifepristone to carboplatin/gemcitabine increased tumor shrinkage by 48% compared to carboplatin/gemcitabine treatment alone (P=0.0004). CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that GR antagonism sensitizes GR+ OvCa to chemotherapy-induced cell death through inhibition of GR-mediated cell survival pathways.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/pharmacology
- Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial
- Cell Death/drug effects
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous/drug therapy
- Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous/metabolism
- Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous/pathology
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
- Female
- Humans
- Immunohistochemistry
- MCF-7 Cells
- Mice
- Mice, SCID
- Mifepristone/pharmacology
- Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial/drug therapy
- Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial/metabolism
- Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial/pathology
- Ovarian Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Ovarian Neoplasms/metabolism
- Ovarian Neoplasms/pathology
- Random Allocation
- Receptors, Glucocorticoid/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Glucocorticoid/metabolism
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Maxwell N Skor
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | | | - Ernst Lengyel
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Gini F Fleming
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States.
| | - Suzanne D Conzen
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States; Ben May Department for Cancer Research, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States.
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Zheng Y, Ishiguro H, Ide H, Inoue S, Kashiwagi E, Kawahara T, Jalalizadeh M, Reis LO, Miyamoto H. Compound A Inhibits Bladder Cancer Growth Predominantly via Glucocorticoid Receptor Transrepression. Mol Endocrinol 2015; 29:1486-97. [PMID: 26322830 DOI: 10.1210/me.2015-1128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence indicates that glucocorticoids (GCs) suppress bladder cancer cell invasion through the GC receptor (GR) pathway, whereas androgen-mediated androgen receptor (AR) signals induce bladder tumor progression. In this study, we assessed the effects of 2-(4-acetoxyphenyl)-2-chloro-N-methyl-ethylammonium chloride (compound A [CpdA]), which was shown to function as not only a GR modulator but also an AR antagonist, on the growth of bladder cancer. In GR/AR-positive cells, CpdA strongly inhibited cell proliferation and colony formation as well as increased G1 phase-arrested cell population and apoptosis. Specifically, CpdA at 1μM decreased cell viability of TCCSUP/UMUC3-control-short hairpin RNA (shRNA), TCCSUP/UMUC3-GR-shRNA, and TCCSUP/UMUC3-AR-shRNA by 50%/67%, 25%/26%, and 38%/58%, respectively. CpdA also inhibited cell migration and invasion of GR/AR-positive (up to 61% decrease) and GR-positive/AR-silencing (up to 51% decrease) lines and, less strongly, those of GR-silencing/AR-positive lines (up to 35% decrease). Additionally, in UMUC3-control xenograft-bearing male mice, CpdA more strongly suppressed tumor growth than dexamethasone or hydroxyflutamide. In reporter gene assays, CpdA failed to induce GR transactivation, whereas it antagonized dihydrotestosterone-enhanced AR transactivation. In contrast, CpdA reduced nuclear factor (NF)-κB and activator protein 1 transcriptional activities, indicating induction of GR-mediated transrepression. Correspondingly, the expression of NF-κB-related molecules, matrix metalloproteinase-2, matrix metalloproteinase-9, interleukin-6, and vascular endothelial growth factor, was significantly down-regulated by CpdA in control lines but not in GR-silencing cells. Moreover, coimmunoprecipitation showed that CpdA promoted the interactions between GR and NF-κB. Thus, CpdA likely inhibits bladder cancer growth predominantly via inducing GR transrepression and at least partially mediated through the AR pathway, suggesting its effects more beneficial than GCs/pure GR ligands or AR antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichun Zheng
- Department of Urology (Y.Z.), Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China; Departments of Pathology and Urology (Y.Z., H.Is., H.Id., S.I., E.K., T.K., M.J., L.O.R., H.M.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Y.Z., H.Is., T.K., H.M.), University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York 14642; and Photocatalyst Group (H.Is.), Kanagawa Academy of Science and Technology, Kawasaki 210-0821, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Ishiguro
- Department of Urology (Y.Z.), Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China; Departments of Pathology and Urology (Y.Z., H.Is., H.Id., S.I., E.K., T.K., M.J., L.O.R., H.M.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Y.Z., H.Is., T.K., H.M.), University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York 14642; and Photocatalyst Group (H.Is.), Kanagawa Academy of Science and Technology, Kawasaki 210-0821, Japan
| | - Hiroki Ide
- Department of Urology (Y.Z.), Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China; Departments of Pathology and Urology (Y.Z., H.Is., H.Id., S.I., E.K., T.K., M.J., L.O.R., H.M.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Y.Z., H.Is., T.K., H.M.), University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York 14642; and Photocatalyst Group (H.Is.), Kanagawa Academy of Science and Technology, Kawasaki 210-0821, Japan
| | - Satoshi Inoue
- Department of Urology (Y.Z.), Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China; Departments of Pathology and Urology (Y.Z., H.Is., H.Id., S.I., E.K., T.K., M.J., L.O.R., H.M.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Y.Z., H.Is., T.K., H.M.), University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York 14642; and Photocatalyst Group (H.Is.), Kanagawa Academy of Science and Technology, Kawasaki 210-0821, Japan
| | - Eiji Kashiwagi
- Department of Urology (Y.Z.), Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China; Departments of Pathology and Urology (Y.Z., H.Is., H.Id., S.I., E.K., T.K., M.J., L.O.R., H.M.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Y.Z., H.Is., T.K., H.M.), University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York 14642; and Photocatalyst Group (H.Is.), Kanagawa Academy of Science and Technology, Kawasaki 210-0821, Japan
| | - Takashi Kawahara
- Department of Urology (Y.Z.), Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China; Departments of Pathology and Urology (Y.Z., H.Is., H.Id., S.I., E.K., T.K., M.J., L.O.R., H.M.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Y.Z., H.Is., T.K., H.M.), University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York 14642; and Photocatalyst Group (H.Is.), Kanagawa Academy of Science and Technology, Kawasaki 210-0821, Japan
| | - Mehrsa Jalalizadeh
- Department of Urology (Y.Z.), Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China; Departments of Pathology and Urology (Y.Z., H.Is., H.Id., S.I., E.K., T.K., M.J., L.O.R., H.M.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Y.Z., H.Is., T.K., H.M.), University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York 14642; and Photocatalyst Group (H.Is.), Kanagawa Academy of Science and Technology, Kawasaki 210-0821, Japan
| | - Leonardo O Reis
- Department of Urology (Y.Z.), Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China; Departments of Pathology and Urology (Y.Z., H.Is., H.Id., S.I., E.K., T.K., M.J., L.O.R., H.M.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Y.Z., H.Is., T.K., H.M.), University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York 14642; and Photocatalyst Group (H.Is.), Kanagawa Academy of Science and Technology, Kawasaki 210-0821, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Miyamoto
- Department of Urology (Y.Z.), Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China; Departments of Pathology and Urology (Y.Z., H.Is., H.Id., S.I., E.K., T.K., M.J., L.O.R., H.M.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Y.Z., H.Is., T.K., H.M.), University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York 14642; and Photocatalyst Group (H.Is.), Kanagawa Academy of Science and Technology, Kawasaki 210-0821, Japan
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Xing K, Gu B, Zhang P, Wu X. Dexamethasone enhances programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) expression during T cell activation: an insight into the optimum application of glucocorticoids in anti-cancer therapy. BMC Immunol 2015; 16:39. [PMID: 26112261 PMCID: PMC4480888 DOI: 10.1186/s12865-015-0103-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) is a key cell-surface receptor of CD28 superfamily that triggers inhibitory pathways to attenuate T-cell responses and promote T-cell tolerance. As a crucial role in tumor immunity, PD-1 has been a focus of studies in anti-cancer therapy. It has been approved that tumors could exploit PD-1-dependent immune suppression for immune evasion. Considering the wide use of glucocorticoids (GCs) in anti-cancer therapy and their immunosuppressive effects, we explored whether GCs could influence the expression of PD-1. Results In our study, we used dexamethasone (DEX) as a model glucocorticoid and demonstrated that DEX could enhance PD-1 expression in a dose-dependent manner. The effects were completely inhibited by the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) antagonist mifepristone (RU486), indicating that the effect of DEX on PD-1 is mediated through GR. We further found the sensitivity to DEX-induced upregulation of PD-1 expression had a significant difference between different T cell subsets, with memory T cells more susceptible to this effect. We also showed that DEX could suppress T cell functions via inhibition of cytokines production such as IL-2, IFN-γ, TNF-α and induction of apoptosis of T cells. Conclusion Our findings suggest a novel way by which DEX suppress the function of activated T lymphocytes by enhancing expression of PD-1 and provide an insight into the optimum clinical application of GCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kailin Xing
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong-An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 130 Dong-An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Bingxin Gu
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 130 Dong-An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Department of Nuclear Medicine, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong-An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Ping Zhang
- Cancer Research Institute of Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong-An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Xianghua Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong-An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 130 Dong-An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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Goodman CR, Sato T, Peck AR, Girondo MA, Yang N, Liu C, Yanac AF, Kovatich AJ, Hooke JA, Shriver CD, Mitchell EP, Hyslop T, Rui H. Steroid induction of therapy-resistant cytokeratin-5-positive cells in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer through a BCL6-dependent mechanism. Oncogene 2015; 35:1373-85. [PMID: 26096934 PMCID: PMC4800289 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2015] [Revised: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 05/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Therapy resistance remains a major problem in estrogen receptor-α (ERα)-positive breast cancer. A subgroup of ERα-positive breast cancer is characterized by mosaic presence of a minor population of ERα-negative cancer cells expressing the basal cytokeratin-5 (CK5). These CK5-positive cells are therapy resistant and have increased tumor-initiating potential. Although a series of reports document induction of the CK5-positive cells by progestins, it is unknown if other 3-ketosteroids share this ability. We now report that glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids effectively expand the CK5-positive cell population. CK5-positive cells induced by 3-ketosteroids lacked ERα and progesterone receptors, expressed stem cell marker, CD44, and displayed increased clonogenicity in soft agar and broad drug-resistance in vitro and in vivo. Upregulation of CK5-positive cells by 3-ketosteroids required induction of the transcriptional repressor BCL6 based on suppression of BCL6 by two independent BCL6 small hairpin RNAs or by prolactin. Prolactin also suppressed 3-ketosteroid induction of CK5+ cells in T47D xenografts in vivo. Survival analysis with recursive partitioning in node-negative ERα-positive breast cancer using quantitative CK5 and BCL6 mRNA or protein expression data identified patients at high or low risk for tumor recurrence in two independent patient cohorts. The data provide a mechanism by which common pathophysiological or pharmacologic elevations in glucocorticoids or other 3-ketosteroids may adversely affect patients with mixed ERα+/CK5+ breast cancer. The observations further suggest a cooperative diagnostic utility of CK5 and BCL6 expression levels and justify exploring efficacy of inhibitors of BCL6 and 3-ketosteroid receptors for a subset of ERα-positive breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- C R Goodman
- Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - T Sato
- Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - A R Peck
- Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - M A Girondo
- Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - N Yang
- Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - C Liu
- Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - A F Yanac
- Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - A J Kovatich
- John P. Murtha Cancer Center, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - J A Hooke
- John P. Murtha Cancer Center, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - C D Shriver
- John P. Murtha Cancer Center, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - E P Mitchell
- Department of Medical Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - T Hyslop
- Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - H Rui
- Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Medical Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Pathology, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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The effects of dexamethasone on the proliferation and apoptosis of human ovarian cancer cells induced by paclitaxel. J Ovarian Res 2014; 7:89. [PMID: 25297825 PMCID: PMC4200216 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-014-0089-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2014] [Accepted: 08/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dexamethasone (DEX) has been routinely used as a pre-treatment in the clinical application of paclitaxel (PTX) to treat ovarian cancer. However, PTX-induced apoptosis might be inhibited by DEX. This study was undertaken to investigate the effects of DEX on the apoptosis induced by PTX. METHODS Both of SKOV-3 and HO-8910 human ovarian cancer cells were divided into four groups: (1) untreated (Con); (2) treated with DEX (0.1 μM) alone; (3) treated with PTX (50 nM); and (4) pre-treated with DEX (0.1 μM), and 24 h later, treated with PTX (DEX + PTX). Cell proliferation was determined by the 3-(4,5)-dimethylthiahiazo (-z-y1)-3,5-di- phenytetrazoliumromide (MTT) dye uptake method, while cell apoptosis was analyzed by propidium iodide (PI) staining and flow cytometry. Then, reverse transcription polymerase chain reactions (RT-PCRs) were applied to semi-quantitative analysis, followed by western blot analysis. Statistical analysis was performed, with Fisher's least significant difference test. RESULTS Our results demonstrated that DEX can differentially inhibit SKOV-3 and HO-8910 cell proliferation induced by PTX and decrease the apoptosis rates in cancer cells. Pre-treatment with DEX could up-regulate the expressions of members of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family (Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL) and members of IAP family (survivin). The expression of cleaved caspase-3 was down-regulated by DEX, shown by semi-quantitative RT-PCRs and western blot analysis. CONCLUSIONS Our data gained invaluable insights of the antagonistic mechanisms of DEX on PTX-induced cancer cell death and may provide new methods of using DEX as antineoplastic drugs or agents in the clinical treatment for ovarian cancer patients.
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Lemmo W. Potential interactions of prescription and over‐the‐counter medications having antioxidant capabilities with radiation and chemotherapy. Int J Cancer 2014; 137:2525-33. [DOI: 10.1002/ijc.29208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2014] [Revised: 08/01/2014] [Accepted: 08/12/2014] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Walter Lemmo
- LEMMO Integrated Cancer Care Inc.Vancouver Canada
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Ishiguro H, Kawahara T, Zheng Y, Netto GJ, Miyamoto H. Reduced glucocorticoid receptor expression predicts bladder tumor recurrence and progression. Am J Clin Pathol 2014; 142:157-64. [PMID: 25015855 DOI: 10.1309/ajcpu8ucezyg4wtv] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the levels of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) expression in bladder tumors because the status and its prognostic value remain largely unknown. METHODS We immunohistochemically stained for GR in bladder tumor and matched non-neoplastic bladder tissue specimens. RESULTS Overall, GR was positive in 129 (87%) of 149 urothelial tumors, which was significantly (P=.026) lower than in non-neoplastic urothelium (90 [96%] of 94). Forty-two (79%) of 53 low-grade tumors vs 45 (47%) of 96 high-grade carcinomas (P<.001) and 61 (73%) of 84 non-muscle-invasive (NMI) tumors vs 26 (40%) of 65 muscle-invasive (MI) carcinomas (P<.001) were moderately to strongly immunoreactive for GR. Kaplan-Meier and log-rank tests revealed that loss or weak positivity of GR significantly or marginally correlated with recurrence of NMI tumors (P=.025), progression of MI tumors (P=.082), and cancer-specific survival of MI tumors (P=.067). Multivariate analysis identified low GR expression as a strong predictor for recurrence of NMI tumors (P=.034). CONCLUSIONS GR expression was downregulated in bladder tumors compared with nonneoplastic bladder tumors and in high-grade/MI tumors compared with low-grade/NMI tumors. Decreased expression of GR, as an independent prognosticator, predicted recurrence of NMI tumors. These results support experimental evidence suggesting an inhibitory role of GR signals in bladder cancer outgrowth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitoshi Ishiguro
- Departments of Pathology and Urology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY
| | - Takashi Kawahara
- Departments of Pathology and Urology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY
| | - Yichun Zheng
- Departments of Pathology and Urology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY
| | - George J. Netto
- Departments of Pathology and Urology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Hiroshi Miyamoto
- Departments of Pathology and Urology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY
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Dexamethasone inhibits in vivo tumor growth by the alteration of bone marrow CD11b+ myeloid cells. Int Immunopharmacol 2014; 21:494-500. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2014.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2014] [Revised: 05/28/2014] [Accepted: 06/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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