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Vilarinho T, Pádua D, Pereira B, Mesquita P, Almeida R. MISP Is Overexpressed in Intestinal Metaplasia and Gastric Cancer. Curr Oncol 2024; 31:2769-2779. [PMID: 38785491 PMCID: PMC11120023 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol31050210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is the fifth most common cancer and the fourth cause of global cancer mortality. The identification of new biomarkers and drug targets is crucial to allow the better prognosis and treatment of patients. The mitotic spindle positioning (MISP) protein has the function of correcting mitotic spindle positioning and centrosome clustering and has been implicated in the cytokinesis and migration of cancer cells. The goal of this work was to evaluate the expression and clinical relevance of MISP in gastric cancer. MISP expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in a single hospital series (n = 286) of gastric adenocarcinomas and compared with normal gastric mucosa and intestinal metaplasia, a preneoplastic lesion. MISP was detected on the membrane in 83% of the cases, being overexpressed in gastric cancer compared to normal gastric mucosa (n = 10). Its expression was negatively associated with diffuse and poorly cohesive types. On the other hand, it was strongly expressed in intestinal metaplasia where it was associated with MUC2 and CDX2 expression. Furthermore, when we silenced MISP in vitro, a significant decrease in the viability of gastric carcinoma cells was observed. In conclusion, MISP is overexpressed in gastric cancer, being associated with an intestinal phenotype in gastric carcinogenesis and having a role in cellular proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomás Vilarinho
- i3S—Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (T.V.); (D.P.); (B.P.); (P.M.)
| | - Diana Pádua
- i3S—Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (T.V.); (D.P.); (B.P.); (P.M.)
- IPATIMUP—Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Bruno Pereira
- i3S—Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (T.V.); (D.P.); (B.P.); (P.M.)
- IPATIMUP—Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Mesquita
- i3S—Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (T.V.); (D.P.); (B.P.); (P.M.)
- IPATIMUP—Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Raquel Almeida
- i3S—Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (T.V.); (D.P.); (B.P.); (P.M.)
- IPATIMUP—Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
- Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
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Sarkar A, Jana A, Agashe A, Wang J, Kapania R, Gov NS, DeLuca JG, Paul R, Nain AS. Confinement in fibrous environments positions and orients mitotic spindles. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.12.589246. [PMID: 38659898 PMCID: PMC11042200 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.12.589246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Accurate positioning of the mitotic spindle within the rounded cell body is critical to physiological maintenance. Adherent mitotic cells encounter confinement from neighboring cells or the extracellular matrix (ECM), which can cause rotation of mitotic spindles and, consequently, titling of the metaphase plate (MP). To understand the positioning and orientation of mitotic spindles under confinement by fibers (ECM-confinement), we use flexible ECM-mimicking nanofibers that allow natural rounding of the cell body while confining it to differing levels. Rounded mitotic bodies are anchored in place by actin retraction fibers (RFs) originating from adhesion clusters on the ECM-mimicking fibers. We discover the extent of ECM-confinement patterns RFs in 3D: triangular and band-like at low and high confinement, respectively. A stochastic Monte-Carlo simulation of the centrosome (CS), chromosome (CH), membrane interactions, and 3D arrangement of RFs on the mitotic body recovers MP tilting trends observed experimentally. Our mechanistic analysis reveals that the 3D shape of RFs is the primary driver of the MP rotation. Under high ECM-confinement, the fibers can mechanically pinch the cortex, causing the MP to have localized deformations at contact sites with fibers. Interestingly, high ECM-confinement leads to low and high MP tilts, which mechanistically depend upon the extent of cortical deformation, RF patterning, and MP position. We identify that cortical deformation and RFs work in tandem to limit MP tilt, while asymmetric positioning of MP leads to high tilts. Overall, we provide fundamental insights into how mitosis may proceed in fibrous ECM-confining microenvironments in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apurba Sarkar
- School of Mathematical and Computational Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Aniket Jana
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061
| | - Atharva Agashe
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061
| | - Ji Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061
| | - Rakesh Kapania
- Department of Aerospace and Ocean Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA
| | - Nir S. Gov
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Jennifer G. DeLuca
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523
| | - Raja Paul
- School of Mathematical and Computational Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Amrinder S. Nain
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061
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Hiura K, Watanabe M, Hirose N, Nakano K, Okamura T, Sasaki H, Sasaki N. Mitotic Spindle Positioning (MISP) Facilitates Colorectal Cancer Progression by Forming a Complex with Opa Interacting Protein 5 (OIP5) and Activating the JAK2-STAT3 Signaling Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3061. [PMID: 38474305 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25053061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) who experience long-term chronic inflammation of the colon are at an increased risk of developing colorectal cancer (CRC). Mitotic spindle positioning (MISP), an actin-binding protein, plays a role in mitosis and spindle positioning. MISP is found on the apical membrane of the intestinal mucosa and helps stabilize and elongate microvilli, offering protection against colitis. This study explored the role of MISP in colorectal tumorigenesis using a database, human CRC cells, and a mouse model for colitis-induced colorectal tumors triggered by azoxymethane (AOM)/dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) treatment. We found that MISP was highly expressed in colon cancer patient tissues and that reduced MISP expression inhibited cell proliferation. Notably, MISP-deficient mice showed reduced colon tumor formation in the AOM/DSS-induced colitis model. Furthermore, MISP was found to form a complex with Opa interacting protein 5 (OIP5) in the cytoplasm, influencing the expression of OIP5 in a unidirectional manner. We also observed that MISP increased the levels of phosphorylated STAT3 in the JAK2-STAT3 signaling pathway, which is linked to tumorigenesis. These findings indicate that MISP could be a risk factor for CRC, and targeting MISP might provide insights into the mechanisms of colitis-induced colorectal tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koki Hiura
- Laboratory of Laboratory Animal Science and Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Towada 034-8628, Japan
| | - Masaki Watanabe
- Laboratory of Laboratory Animal Science and Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Towada 034-8628, Japan
| | - Naoki Hirose
- The Institute of Experimental Animal Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kenta Nakano
- Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan
| | - Tadashi Okamura
- Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan
| | - Hayato Sasaki
- Laboratory of Laboratory Animal Science and Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Towada 034-8628, Japan
| | - Nobuya Sasaki
- Laboratory of Laboratory Animal Science and Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Towada 034-8628, Japan
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Pan YR, Lai JCY, Huang WK, Peng PH, Jung SM, Lin SH, Chen CP, Wu CE, Hung TH, Yu AL, Wu KJ, Yeh CN. PLK1 and its substrate MISP facilitate intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma progression by promoting lymphatic invasion and impairing E-cadherin adherens junctions. Cancer Gene Ther 2024; 31:322-333. [PMID: 38057358 PMCID: PMC10874889 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-023-00705-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) is a subtype of CCA and has a high mortality rate and a relatively poor prognosis. However, studies focusing on increased cell motility and loss of epithelial integrity during iCCA progression remain relatively scarce. We collected seven fresh tumor samples from four patients to perform RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and assay for transposase-accessible chromatin using sequencing (ATAC-seq) to determine the transcriptome profile and chromatin accessibility of iCCA. The increased expression of cell cycle regulators, including PLK1 and its substrate MISP, was identified. Ninety-one iCCA patients were used to validate the clinical significance of PLK1 and MISP. The upregulation of PLK1 and MISP was determined in iCCA tissues. Increased expression of PLK1 and MISP was significantly correlated with tumor number, N stage, and lymphatic invasion in an iCCA cohort. Knockdown of PLK1 or MISP reduced trans-lymphatic endothelial migration and wound healing and affected focal adhesions in vitro. In cell‒cell junctions, MISP localized to adherens junctions and suppressed E-cadherin dimerization. PLK1 disrupted adherens junctions in a myosin-dependent manner. Furthermore, PLK1 and MISP promoted cell proliferation in vitro and tumorigenesis in vivo. In iCCA, PLK1 and MISP promote aggressiveness by increasing lymphatic invasion, tumor growth, and motility through the repression of E-cadherin adherens junctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ru Pan
- Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan
| | - Joseph Chieh-Yu Lai
- Cancer Genome Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, 404, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Kuan Huang
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Hua Peng
- Cancer Genome Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Ming Jung
- Department of Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Hsuan Lin
- Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan
| | - Chiao-Ping Chen
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan
| | - Chiao-En Wu
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan
| | - Tsai-Hsien Hung
- Institute of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan
| | - Alice L Yu
- Institute of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California in San Diego, San Diego, CA, 92103, USA
| | - Kou-Juey Wu
- Cancer Genome Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan.
| | - Chun-Nan Yeh
- Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan.
- Cancer Genome Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan.
- School of Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan.
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Wang X, Ye X, Chen Y, Lin J. Mechanism of M2 type macrophage-derived extracellular vesicles regulating PD-L1 expression via the MISP/IQGAP1 axis in hepatocellular carcinoma immunotherapy resistance. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 124:110848. [PMID: 37633233 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a prevailing cancer affecting human health. M2 macrophages are essential in mediating immune responses in tumors. This study investigated the action of M2 macrophages in immune escape of HCC. METHODS Mitotic spindle positioning (MISP), IQ motif containing GTPase activating protein 1 (IQGAP1) and programmed cell death-1 (PD-L1) levels in primary HCC/tumor-adjacent tissues were determined by Western blot, followed by correlation analysis. M2 macrophage and CD3+CD8+T cell percentages were estimated by flow cytometry. Hep3B and HepG2 cells were treated with M2 macrophage conditioned medium (M2-CM) and M2 macrophage-derived extracellular vesicles (M2-EVs) and/or co-cultured with CD8+T cells, followed by assessment of cell viability and apoptosis. TNF-α and INF-γ levels were measured by ELISA. MISP and IQGAP1 overexpression plasmids were transfected into HCC cells to explore their role in immune escape. The interactions among MISP, IQGAP1, STAT3, and PD-L1 were analyzed by co-immunoprecipitation. The mechanism of M2-EVs in HCC immune escape was verified in nude mice. RESULTS MISP/IQGAP1/PD-L1 were upregulated in HCC tissues. MISP negatively-correlated with IQGAP1/PD-L1 and IQGAP1 positively-correlated with PD-L1. M2 macrophages were reduced but CD8+T cells were increased in HCC tissues with high MISP expression. M2-CM or M2-EVs inhibited the killing ability of CD8+T cells, increased HCC cell viability, impeded HCC cell apoptosis, induced CD8+T cell apoptosis, downregulated TNF-α and INF-γ, and upregulated PD-L1. M2-EVs facilitated HCC cell immune escape by potentiating IQGAP1 nuclear translocation and activating STAT3 phosphorylation through MISP downregulation. In vivo experiments further verified the action of M2-EVs through MISP. CONCLUSION M2-EVs promote HCC cell immune escape by upregulating PD-L1 through the MISP/IQGAP1/STAT3 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobo Wang
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Xuxing Ye
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital, 351 Mingyue Street, Wucheng District, Jinhua, 321001, China
| | - Yanping Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital, 351 Mingyue Street, Wucheng District, Jinhua, 321001, China
| | - Junmei Lin
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital, 351 Mingyue Street, Wucheng District, Jinhua, 321001, China.
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6
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Jana A, Sarkar A, Zhang H, Agashe A, Wang J, Paul R, Gov NS, DeLuca JG, Nain AS. Mitotic outcomes and errors in fibrous environments. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2120536120. [PMID: 36848565 PMCID: PMC10013866 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2120536120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
During mitosis, cells round up and utilize the interphase adhesion sites within the fibrous extracellular matrix (ECM) as guidance cues to orient the mitotic spindles. Here, using suspended ECM-mimicking nanofiber networks, we explore mitotic outcomes and error distribution for various interphase cell shapes. Elongated cells attached to single fibers through two focal adhesion clusters (FACs) at their extremities result in perfect spherical mitotic cell bodies that undergo significant 3-dimensional (3D) displacement while being held by retraction fibers (RFs). Increasing the number of parallel fibers increases FACs and retraction fiber-driven stability, leading to reduced 3D cell body movement, metaphase plate rotations, increased interkinetochore distances, and significantly faster division times. Interestingly, interphase kite shapes on a crosshatch pattern of four fibers undergo mitosis resembling single-fiber outcomes due to rounded bodies being primarily held in position by RFs from two perpendicular suspended fibers. We develop a cortex-astral microtubule analytical model to capture the retraction fiber dependence of the metaphase plate rotations. We observe that reduced orientational stability, on single fibers, results in increased monopolar mitotic defects, while multipolar defects become dominant as the number of adhered fibers increases. We use a stochastic Monte Carlo simulation of centrosome, chromosome, and membrane interactions to explain the relationship between the observed propensity of monopolar and multipolar defects and the geometry of RFs. Overall, we establish that while bipolar mitosis is robust in fibrous environments, the nature of division errors in fibrous microenvironments is governed by interphase cell shapes and adhesion geometries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aniket Jana
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA24061
| | - Apurba Sarkar
- School of Mathematical and Computational Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata700032, India
| | - Haonan Zhang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA24061
| | - Atharva Agashe
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA24061
| | - Ji Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA24061
| | - Raja Paul
- School of Mathematical and Computational Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata700032, India
| | - Nir S. Gov
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot7610001, Israel
| | - Jennifer G. DeLuca
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO80523
| | - Amrinder S. Nain
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA24061
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA24061
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7
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HIURA K, MARUYAMA T, WATANABE M, NAKANO K, OKAMURA T, SASAKI H, SASAKI N. Mitotic spindle positioning protein (MISP) deficiency exacerbates dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice. J Vet Med Sci 2023; 85:167-174. [PMID: 36596561 PMCID: PMC10017287 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.22-0483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is classified into two types: Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. In IBD, the imbalance between the pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines prevents recovery from the inflammatory state, resulting in chronic inflammation in the colon. The mitotic spindle positioning protein (MISP) is localized to the apical membrane in the colon. In this study, we observed increased expression of MISP in the intestinal epithelial cells in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice. MISP-deficient mice receiving DSS showed significant exacerbation of colitis (e.g., weight loss, loss of the crypts). The intestinal epithelial cells of the MISP-deficient mice showed a trend towards decreased cell proliferation after DSS treatment. Reverse transcription followed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction revealed that the expression levels of Tgfb1, an anti-inflammatory cytokine, were significantly reduced in the colon of MISP-deficient mice compared with the wild-type mice regardless of DSS treatment. These findings indicate that MISP may play a role in the recovery of the colon after inflammation through its anti-inflammatory and proliferative activities, suggesting that MISP may be a new therapeutic target for IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koki HIURA
- Laboratory of Laboratory Animal Science and Medicine, School
of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Aomori, Japan
| | - Takumi MARUYAMA
- Laboratory of Laboratory Animal Science and Medicine, School
of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Aomori, Japan
- Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, Research
Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaki WATANABE
- Laboratory of Laboratory Animal Science and Medicine, School
of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Aomori, Japan
| | - Kenta NAKANO
- Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, Research
Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tadashi OKAMURA
- Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, Research
Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hayato SASAKI
- Laboratory of Laboratory Animal Science and Medicine, School
of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Aomori, Japan
| | - Nobuya SASAKI
- Laboratory of Laboratory Animal Science and Medicine, School
of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Aomori, Japan
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Impact of conditioning chemotherapy on lymphocyte kinetics and outcomes in LBCL patients treated with CAR T-cell therapy. Leukemia 2022; 36:2669-2677. [PMID: 36127509 PMCID: PMC9904360 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-022-01704-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Conditioning chemotherapy (CCT) has been shown to be essential for optimal efficacy of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy. Here, we determined whether the change in absolute lymphocyte count, referred to as delta lymphocyte index (DLIx), may serve as a surrogate marker for pharmacodynamic effects of CCT and whether it associated with germline genetic variants in patients with large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL). One-hundred and seventy-one patients were included, of which 86 (50%) received bridging therapy post-leukapheresis. Median DLIx was 0.5 × 109/L (range, 0.01-2.75 × 109/L) and was significantly higher in patients who achieved complete response (p = 0.04). On multivariate analysis, low DLIx was associated only with use of bridging therapy (odds ratio 0.4, 95% CI 0.2-0.8, p = 0.007). Low DLIx was independently associated with shorter progression-free (p = 0.02) and overall survival (p = 0.02). DLIx was associated with genetic variations related to drug metabolism and macrophage biology such as ABCB1, MISP and CPVL. The impact of CCT on lymphocyte count is affected by use of bridging therapy but change in lymphocyte count is independently associated with efficacy. Studies aimed at investigating macrophage biology in this setting may suggest strategies to increase the efficacy of CCT and improve outcomes.
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9
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Cell Cycle Regulation by Integrin-Mediated Adhesion. Cells 2022; 11:cells11162521. [PMID: 36010598 PMCID: PMC9406542 DOI: 10.3390/cells11162521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell cycle and cell adhesion are two interdependent cellular processes regulating each other, reciprocally, in every cell cycle phase. The cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix (ECM) via integrin receptors triggers signaling pathways required for the cell cycle progression; the passage from the G1 to S phase and the completion of cytokinesis are the best-understood events. Growing evidence, however, suggests more adhesion-dependent regulatory aspects of the cell cycle, particularly during G2 to M transition and early mitosis. Conversely, the cell cycle machinery regulates cell adhesion in manners recently shown driven mainly by cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1). This review summarizes the recent findings regarding the role of integrin-mediated cell adhesion and its downstream signaling components in regulating the cell cycle, emphasizing the cell cycle progression through the G2 and early M phases. Further investigations are required to raise our knowledge about the molecular mechanisms of crosstalk between cell adhesion and the cell cycle in detail.
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10
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Morales EA, Arnaiz C, Krystofiak ES, Zanic M, Tyska MJ. Mitotic Spindle Positioning (MISP) is an actin bundler that selectively stabilizes the rootlets of epithelial microvilli. Cell Rep 2022; 39:110692. [PMID: 35443169 PMCID: PMC9097542 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Microvilli are conserved actin-based surface protrusions that have been repurposed throughout evolution to fulfill diverse cell functions. In the case of transporting epithelia, microvilli are supported by a core of actin filaments bundled in parallel by villin, fimbrin, and espin. Remarkably, microvilli biogenesis persists in mice lacking all three of these factors, suggesting the existence of unknown bundlers. We identified Mitotic Spindle Positioning (MISP) as an actin-binding factor that localizes specifically to the rootlet end of the microvillus. MISP promotes rootlet elongation in cells, and purified MISP exhibits potent filament bundling activity in vitro. MISP-bundled filaments also recruit fimbrin, which further elongates and stabilizes bundles. MISP confinement to the rootlet is enforced by ezrin, which prevents decoration of the membrane-wrapped distal end of the core bundle. These discoveries reveal how epithelial cells optimize apical membrane surface area and offer insight on the remarkable robustness of microvilli biogenesis. Morales et al. identify Mitotic Spindle Positioning (MISP) as an actin bundler in the rootlets of epithelial microvilli. MISP cooperates with other bundlers, and its rootlet-specific localization is enforced by membrane-actin linker ezrin. These findings illuminate mechanisms that drive the assembly and compartmentalization of actin bundle-supported protrusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Angelo Morales
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Cayetana Arnaiz
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Evan S Krystofiak
- Cell Imaging Shared Resource, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Marija Zanic
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Matthew J Tyska
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
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11
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Huang X, Zhao L, Jin Y, Wang Z, Li T, Xu H, Wang Q, Wang L. Up-Regulated MISP Is Associated With Poor Prognosis and Immune Infiltration in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:827051. [PMID: 35433491 PMCID: PMC9005831 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.827051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly malignant disease with a poor prognosis. More effective biomarkers and treatment options remain to be discovered. Mitotic Spindle Positioning (MISP), also called C19orf21, has been reported to be upregulated in several malignancies. However, the effects of MISP on PDAC have yet to be investigated. Materials and Methods The differential expression of MISP at the mRNA and protein levels were evaluated using Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis 2 (GEPIA 2), Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), and the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) databases, and was further verified by quantitative real-time PCR and western blotting in PDAC cell lines. Correlations between MISP expression and clinical characteristics were explored using Kaplan-Meier Plotter Database and clinical data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). CCK-8 assays, Transwell assays, and immunoblotting were used to determine the role of MISP in PDAC proliferation, migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in vitro. Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis were executed by the R package ‘clusterProfiler’. Correlations between MISP expression and immune cell infiltration, immune checkpoints, immunophenoscore (IPS) and the tumor mutational burden (TMB) in PDAC were explored using the R package ‘CIBERSORT’, the Tumor Immune Estimation Resource 2.0 (TIMER2.0), and The Cancer Immunome Atlas (TCIA) database based on TCGA data. Result MISP expression was significantly higher in pancreatic cancer tissues compared to normal pancreas tissues, which was associated with a poor prognosis. Increased expression of MISP was related to the proliferation, migration and invasion of PDAC cell lines. GO and KEGG pathway analyses determined that MISP is involved in the Ras signaling pathway and immune regulation. Higher expression of MISP was associated with decreased infiltration levels of activated CD4+ memory T cells, CD8+ T cells, M2 macrophages and neutrophils. Furthermore, increased MISP was associated with lower expression of immune checkpoint molecules, higher gene mutation burden and IPS. Conclusions This study reveals that MISP, which is associated with the progression and prognosis of PDAC, may exert a potential regulatory effect on immune infiltration and predict the response to immunotherapy in PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyang Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Liangchao Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital North, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yixun Jin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhuoxin Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tong Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lifu Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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12
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Smith AJ, Bustamante-Marin XM, Yin W, Sears PR, Herring LE, Dicheva NN, López-Giráldez F, Mane S, Tarran R, Leigh MW, Knowles MR, Zariwala MA, Ostrowski LE. The role of SPAG1 in the assembly of axonemal dyneins in human airway epithelia. J Cell Sci 2022; 135:jcs259512. [PMID: 35178554 PMCID: PMC8995097 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.259512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in SPAG1, a dynein axonemal assembly factor (DNAAF) that facilitates the assembly of dynein arms in the cytoplasm before their transport into the cilium, result in primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD), a genetically heterogenous disorder characterized by chronic oto-sino-pulmonary disease, infertility and laterality defects. To further elucidate the role of SPAG1 in dynein assembly, we examined its expression, interactions and ciliary defects in control and PCD human airway epithelia. Immunoprecipitations showed that SPAG1 interacts with multiple DNAAFs, dynein chains and canonical components of the R2TP complex. Protein levels of dynein heavy chains (DHCs) and interactions between DHCs and dynein intermediate chains (DICs) were reduced in SPAG1 mutants. We also identified a previously uncharacterized 60 kDa SPAG1 isoform, through examination of PCD subjects with an atypical ultrastructural defect for SPAG1 variants, that can partially compensate for the absence of full-length SPAG1 to assemble a reduced number of outer dynein arms. In summary, our data show that SPAG1 is necessary for axonemal dynein arm assembly by scaffolding R2TP-like complexes composed of several DNAAFs that facilitate the folding and/or binding of the DHCs to the DIC complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda J. Smith
- Marsico Lung Institute/Cystic Fibrosis Research and Treatment Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Ximena M. Bustamante-Marin
- Marsico Lung Institute/Cystic Fibrosis Research and Treatment Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Weining Yin
- Marsico Lung Institute/Cystic Fibrosis Research and Treatment Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Patrick R. Sears
- Marsico Lung Institute/Cystic Fibrosis Research and Treatment Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Laura E. Herring
- University of North Carolina Proteomics Core Facility, Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Nedyalka N. Dicheva
- University of North Carolina Proteomics Core Facility, Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | | | - Shrikant Mane
- Yale Center for Genome Analysis, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Robert Tarran
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Margaret W. Leigh
- Marsico Lung Institute/Cystic Fibrosis Research and Treatment Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Michael R. Knowles
- Marsico Lung Institute/Cystic Fibrosis Research and Treatment Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Maimoona A. Zariwala
- Marsico Lung Institute/Cystic Fibrosis Research and Treatment Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Lawrence E. Ostrowski
- Marsico Lung Institute/Cystic Fibrosis Research and Treatment Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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13
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Insights into the Steps of Breast Cancer-Brain Metastases Development: Tumor Cell Interactions with the Blood-Brain Barrier. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031900. [PMID: 35163822 PMCID: PMC8836543 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain metastases (BM) represent a growing problem for breast cancer (BC) patients. Recent studies have demonstrated a strong impact of the BC molecular subtype on the incidence of BM development. This study explores the interaction between BC cells of different molecular subtypes and the blood–brain barrier (BBB). We compared the ability of BC cells of different molecular subtypes to overcome several steps (adhesion to the brain endothelium, disruption of the BBB, and invasion through the endothelial layer) during cerebral metastases formation, in vitro as well as in vivo. Further, the impact of these cells on the BBB was deciphered at the molecular level by transcriptome analysis of the triple-negative (TNBC) cells themselves as well as of hBMECs after cocultivation with BC cell secretomes. Compared to luminal BC cells, TNBC cells have a greater ability to influence the BBB in vitro and consequently develop BM in vivo. The brain-seeking subline and parental TNBC cells behaved similarly in terms of adhesion, whereas the first showed a stronger impact on the brain endothelium integrity and increased invasive ability. The comparative transcriptome revealed potential brain-metastatic-specific key regulators involved in the aforementioned processes, e.g., the angiogenesis-related factors TNXIP and CXCL1. In addition, the transcriptomes of the two TNBC cell lines strongly differed in certain angiogenesis-associated factors and in several genes related to cell migration and invasion. Based on the present study, we hypothesize that the tumor cell’s ability to disrupt the BBB via angiogenesis activation, together with increased cellular motility, is required for BC cells to overcome the BBB and develop brain metastases.
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14
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Lechler T, Mapelli M. Spindle positioning and its impact on vertebrate tissue architecture and cell fate. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2021; 22:691-708. [PMID: 34158639 PMCID: PMC10544824 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-021-00384-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In multicellular systems, oriented cell divisions are essential for morphogenesis and homeostasis as they determine the position of daughter cells within the tissue and also, in many cases, their fate. Early studies in invertebrates led to the identification of conserved core mechanisms of mitotic spindle positioning centred on the Gαi-LGN-NuMA-dynein complex. In recent years, much has been learnt about the way this complex functions in vertebrate cells. In particular, studies addressed how the Gαi-LGN-NuMA-dynein complex dynamically crosstalks with astral microtubules and the actin cytoskeleton, and how it is regulated to orient the spindle according to cellular and tissue-wide cues. We have also begun to understand how dynein motors and actin regulators interact with mechanosensitive adhesion molecules sensing extracellular mechanical stimuli, such as cadherins and integrins, and with signalling pathways so as to respond to extracellular cues instructing the orientation of the division axis in vivo. In this Review, with the focus on epithelial tissues, we discuss the molecular mechanisms of mitotic spindle orientation in vertebrate cells, and how this machinery is regulated by epithelial cues and extracellular signals to maintain tissue cohesiveness during mitosis. We also outline recent knowledge of how spindle orientation impacts tissue architecture in epithelia and its emerging links to the regulation of cell fate decisions. Finally, we describe how defective spindle orientation can be corrected or its effects eliminated in tissues under physiological conditions, and the pathological implications associated with spindle misorientation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terry Lechler
- Department of Dermatology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
| | - Marina Mapelli
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
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15
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Abstract
Actin filaments and microtubules are cytoskeletal polymers that participate in many vital cell functions including division, morphogenesis, phagocytosis, and motility. Despite the persistent dogma that actin filament and microtubule networks are distinct in localization, structure, and function, a growing body of evidence shows that these elements are choreographed through intricate mechanisms sensitive to either polymer. Many proteins and cellular signals that mediate actin–microtubule interactions have already been identified. However, the impact of these regulators is typically assessed with actin filament or microtubule polymers alone, independent of the other system. Further, unconventional modes and regulators coordinating actin–microtubule interactions are still being discovered. Here we examine several methods of actin–microtubule crosstalk with an emphasis on the molecular links between both polymer systems and their higher-order interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgan L Pimm
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210
| | - Jessica L Henty-Ridilla
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210.,Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210
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16
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Eggert S, Gruebl T, Rajender R, Rupp C, Sander B, Heesch A, Zimmermann M, Hoepfner S, Zentgraf H, Kins S. The Rab5 activator RME-6 is required for amyloid precursor protein endocytosis depending on the YTSI motif. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 77:5223-5242. [PMID: 32065241 PMCID: PMC7671991 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03467-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Endocytosis of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) is critical for generation of β-amyloid, aggregating in Alzheimer's disease. APP endocytosis depending on the intracellular NPTY motif is well investigated, whereas involvement of the YTSI (also termed BaSS) motif remains controversial. Here, we show that APP lacking the YTSI motif (ΔYTSI) displays reduced localization to early endosomes and decreased internalization rates, similar to APP ΔNPTY. Additionally, we show that the YTSI-binding protein, PAT1a interacts with the Rab5 activator RME-6, as shown by several independent assays. Interestingly, knockdown of RME-6 decreased APP endocytosis, whereas overexpression increased the same. Similarly, APP ΔNPTY endocytosis was affected by PAT1a and RME-6 overexpression, whereas APP ΔYTSI internalization remained unchanged. Moreover, we could show that RME-6 mediated increase of APP endocytosis can be diminished upon knocking down PAT1a. Together, our data identify RME-6 as a novel player in APP endocytosis, involving the YTSI-binding protein PAT1a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Eggert
- Department of Human Biology and Human Genetics, Technical University of Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger-Str. 13, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Tomas Gruebl
- Department of Human Biology and Human Genetics, Technical University of Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger-Str. 13, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Ritu Rajender
- Department of Human Biology and Human Genetics, Technical University of Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger-Str. 13, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Carsten Rupp
- Department of Human Biology and Human Genetics, Technical University of Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger-Str. 13, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Bianca Sander
- Department of Human Biology and Human Genetics, Technical University of Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger-Str. 13, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Amelie Heesch
- Department of Human Biology and Human Genetics, Technical University of Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger-Str. 13, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Marius Zimmermann
- Department of Human Biology and Human Genetics, Technical University of Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger-Str. 13, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Sebastian Hoepfner
- MPI of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany
- Bird & Bird LLM, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Stefan Kins
- Department of Human Biology and Human Genetics, Technical University of Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger-Str. 13, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany.
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17
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Zhang B, Zhu L, Dai Y, Li H, Huang K, Luo Y, Xu W. An in vitro attempt at precision toxicology reveals the involvement of DNA methylation alteration in ochratoxin A-induced G0/G1 phase arrest. Epigenetics 2019; 15:199-214. [PMID: 31314649 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2019.1644878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Precision toxicology evaluates the toxicity of certain substances by isolating a small group of cells with a typical phenotype of interest followed by a single cell sequencing-based analysis. In this in vitro attempt, ochratoxin A (OTA), a typical mycotoxin and food contaminant, is found to induce G0/G1 phase cell cycle arrest in human renal proximal tubular HKC cells at a concentration of 20 μM after a 24h-treatment. A small number of G0/G1 phase HKC cells are evaluated in both the presence and absence of OTA. These cells are sorted with a flow cytometer and subjected to mRNA and DNA methylation sequencing using Smart-Seq2 and single-cell reduced-representation bisulfite sequencing (scRRBS) technology, respectively. Integrated analysis of the transcriptome and methylome profiles reveals that OTA causes abnormal expression of the essential genes that regulate G1/S phase transition, act as signal transductors in G1 DNA damage checkpoints, and associate with the anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome. The alteration of their DNA methylation status is a significant underlying epigenetic mechanism. Furthermore, Notch signaling and Ras/MAPK/CREB pathways are found to be suppressed by OTA. This attempt at precision toxicology paves the way for a deeper understanding of OTA toxicity and provides an innovative strategy to researchers in the toxicology and pharmacology field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyang Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,Department of Pharmacology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Liye Zhu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yaqi Dai
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongyu Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Kunlun Huang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Safety Assessment of Genetically Modified Organism (Food Safety), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Yunbo Luo
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Safety Assessment of Genetically Modified Organism (Food Safety), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Wentao Xu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Safety Assessment of Genetically Modified Organism (Food Safety), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
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18
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19
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Vodicska B, Cerikan B, Schiebel E, Hoffmann I. MISP regulates the IQGAP1/Cdc42 complex to collectively orchestrate spindle orientation and mitotic progression. Sci Rep 2018; 8:6330. [PMID: 29679050 PMCID: PMC5910412 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-24682-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Precise mitotic spindle orientation is essential for both cell fate and tissue organization while defects in this process are associated with tumorigenesis and other diseases. In most animal cell types, the dynein motor complex is anchored at the cell cortex and exerts pulling forces on astral microtubules to position the spindle. The actin-binding protein MISP controls spindle orientation and mitotic progression in human cells. However, the exact underlying mechanism remains to be elucidated. Here we report that MISP interacts with the multidomain scaffolding protein IQGAP1. We further show that MISP binds to the active form of Cdc42 through IQGAP1. Depletion of MISP promotes increased accumulation of IQGAP1 at the cell cortex and a decrease in its Cdc42-binding capacity leading to reduced active Cdc42 levels. Interestingly, overexpression of IQGAP1 can rescue mitotic defects caused by MISP downregulation including spindle misorientation, loss of astral microtubules and prolonged mitosis and also restores active Cdc42 levels. Importantly, we find that IQGAP1 acts downsteam of MISP in regulating astral microtubule dynamics and the localization of the dynactin subunit p150glued that is crucial for proper spindle positioning. We propose that MISP regulates IQGAP1 and Cdc42 to ensure proper mitotic progression and correct spindle orientation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Vodicska
- Cell Cycle Control and Carcinogenesis, F045, German Cancer Research Center, DKFZ, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Berati Cerikan
- Zentrum für Molekulare Biologie der Universität Heidelberg (ZMBH), DKFZ - ZMBH Alliance, Im Neuenheimer Feld 282, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Elmar Schiebel
- Zentrum für Molekulare Biologie der Universität Heidelberg (ZMBH), DKFZ - ZMBH Alliance, Im Neuenheimer Feld 282, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ingrid Hoffmann
- Cell Cycle Control and Carcinogenesis, F045, German Cancer Research Center, DKFZ, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
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20
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Kschonsak YT, Hoffmann I. Activated Ezrin controls MISP levels to ensure correct NuMA polarization and spindle orientation. J Cell Sci 2018; 131:jcs.214544. [DOI: 10.1242/jcs.214544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Correct spindle orientation is achieved through signaling pathways that provide a molecular link between the cell cortex and spindle microtubules in an F-actin dependent manner. A conserved cortical protein complex, composed of LGN, NuMA, dynein-dynactin, plays a key role in establishing proper spindle orientation. It has also been shown that the actin-binding protein MISP and the ERM family, that are activated by LOK/SLK in mitosis, regulate spindle orientation. Here, we report that MISP functions between the ERM family member Ezrin and NuMA to allow optimal spindle positioning. We show that MISP directly interacts with Ezrin and that SLK/LOK-activated Ezrin ensures appropriate cortical MISP levels in mitosis by competing with MISP for actin-binding sites at the cell cortex. Furthermore, we found that regulation of proper cortical MISP levels by preventing its excessive accumulation is essential for crescent-like polarized NuMA localization at the cortex and as a consequence for highly dynamic astral microtubules. Our results uncover how appropriate MISP levels at the cortex are required for proper NuMA polarization and therefore an optimal placement of the mitotic spindle within the cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne T. Kschonsak
- Cell Cycle Control and Carcinogenesis, F045, German Cancer Research Center, DKFZ, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- University of Heidelberg, F045, German Cancer Research Center, DKFZ, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ingrid Hoffmann
- Cell Cycle Control and Carcinogenesis, F045, German Cancer Research Center, DKFZ, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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21
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Tzeng YW, Li DY, Chen Y, Yang CH, Chang CY, Juang YL. LMO7 exerts an effect on mitosis progression and the spindle assembly checkpoint. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2017; 94:22-30. [PMID: 29158164 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2017.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Revised: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
LMO7 (LIM domain only 7) is a transcription regulator for expression of many Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy-relevant genes, and binds to α-actinin and AF6/afadin at adherens junctions for epithelial cell-cell adhesion. In this study, we found that human LMO7 interacted with the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) protein MAD1. LMO7 colocalized with actin filaments at the cell membrane but did not colocalize with MAD1 at kinetochores in prometaphase. Our observations reveal that overexpression but not depletion of LMO7 caused a SAC defect, and that the LIM domain of LMO7 was a determinant of its ability to interfere with kinetochore localization of the SAC proteins MAD2 and BUBR1 and cause a SAC defect though the LIM peptide itself did neither bind to MAD1, MAD2 and BUBR1 nor localize to the actin filaments. However, overexpression of LMO7 or the LIM peptide did not interfere with kinetochore localization of MAD1. Additionally, overexpression of the LIM peptide prolonged mitotic timing and interfered with chromosome congression whereas that of LMO7b did not. Taken together, we conclude that LMO7 via its LIM domain acts to control mitosis progression and exerts an effect on the SAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Wei Tzeng
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu-Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan
| | - Dai-Yu Li
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City 25245, Taiwan
| | - Yvan Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City 25245, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hsiu Yang
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Tzu-Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yun Chang
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Tzu-Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan
| | - Yue-Li Juang
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu-Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City 25245, Taiwan.
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22
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Lázaro-Diéguez F, Müsch A. Cell-cell adhesion accounts for the different orientation of columnar and hepatocytic cell divisions. J Cell Biol 2017; 216:3847-3859. [PMID: 28887437 PMCID: PMC5674875 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201608065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Revised: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitotic spindle alignment with the basal or substrate-contacting domain ensures that dividing epithelial cells remain in the plane of the monolayer. Spindle orientation with respect to the substratum is established in metaphase coincident with maximal cell rounding, which enables unobstructed spindle rotation. Misaligned metaphase spindles are believed to result in divisions in which one daughter loses contact with the basal lamina. Here we describe a rescue mechanism that drives substrate-parallel spindle alignment of quasi-diagonal metaphase spindles in anaphase. It requires a Rho- and E-cadherin adhesion-dependent, substrate-parallel contractile actin belt at the apex that governs anaphase cell flattening. In contrast to monolayered Madin-Darby canine kidney cells, hepatocytic epithelial cells, which typically feature tilted metaphase spindles, lack this anaphase flattening mechanism and as a consequence maintain their spindle tilt through cytokinesis. This results in out-of-monolayer divisions, which we propose contribute to the stratified organization of hepatocyte cords in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Lázaro-Diéguez
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Anne Müsch
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
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23
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De Conto F, Fazzi A, Razin SV, Arcangeletti MC, Medici MC, Belletti S, Chezzi C, Calderaro A. Mammalian Diaphanous-related formin-1 restricts early phases of influenza A/NWS/33 virus (H1N1) infection in LLC-MK2 cells by affecting cytoskeleton dynamics. Mol Cell Biochem 2017; 437:185-201. [PMID: 28744815 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-017-3107-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Viruses depend on cellular machinery to efficiently replicate. The host cytoskeleton is one of the first cellular systems hijacked by viruses in order to ensure their intracellular transport and promote the development of infection. Our previous results demonstrated that stable microfilaments and microtubules interfered with human influenza A/NWS/33 virus (H1N1) infection in semi-permissive LLC-MK2 cells. Although formins play a key role in cytoskeletal remodelling, few studies addressed a possible role of these proteins in development of viral infection. Here, we have demonstrated that mammalian Diaphanous-related formin-1 (mDia1) is involved in the control of cytoskeleton dynamics during human influenza A virus infection. First, by employing cytoskeleton-perturbing drugs, we evidenced a cross-talk occurring between microtubules and microfilaments that also has implications on the intracellular localization of mDia1. In influenza A/NWS/33 virus-infected LLC-MK2 cells, mDia1 showed a highly dynamic intracellular localization and partially co-localized with actin and tubulin. A depletion of mDia1 by RNA-mediated RNA interference was found to improve the outcome of influenza A/NWS/33 virus infection and to increase the dynamics of microfilament and microtubule networks in LLC-MK2 cells. Consistent with these findings, observations made in epithelial respiratory cells from paediatric patients with acute respiratory disease assessed that the expression of mDia1 is stimulated by influenza A virus but not by respiratory syncytial virus. Taken together, the obtained results suggest that mDia1 restricts the initiation of influenza A/NWS/33 virus infection in LLC-MK2 cells by counteracting cytoskeletal dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flora De Conto
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
| | - Alessandra Fazzi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Sergey V Razin
- Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences and Lomonosow Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | - Silvana Belletti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Carlo Chezzi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Adriana Calderaro
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
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Chen YH, Wang GY, Hao HC, Chao CJ, Wang Y, Jin QW. Facile manipulation of protein localization in fission yeast through binding of GFP-binding protein to GFP. J Cell Sci 2017; 130:1003-1015. [PMID: 28082423 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.198457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
GFP-binding protein (or GBP) has been recently developed in various systems and organisms as an efficient tool to purify GFP-fusion proteins. Due to the high affinity between GBP and GFP or GFP variants, this GBP-based approach is also ideally suited to alter the localization of functional proteins in live cells. In order to facilitate the wide use of the GBP-targeting approach in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, we developed a set of pFA6a-, pJK148- and pUC119-based vectors containing GBP- or GBP-mCherry-coding sequences and variants of inducible nmt1 or constitutive adh1 promoters that result in different levels of expression. The GBP or GBP-mCherry fragments can serve as cassettes for N- or C-terminal genomic tagging of genes of interest. We illustrated the application of these vectors in the construction of yeast strains with Dma1 or Cdc7 tagged with GBP-mCherry and efficient targeting of Dma1- or Cdc7-GBP-mCherry to the spindle pole body by Sid4-GFP. This series of vectors should help to facilitate the application of the GBP-targeting approach in manipulating protein localization and the analysis of gene function in fission yeast, at the level of single genes, as well as at a systematic scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Hui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Gao-Yuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Hao-Chao Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Chun-Jiang Chao
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Yamei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Quan-Wen Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
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25
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St-Denis N, Gupta GD, Lin ZY, Gonzalez-Badillo B, Veri AO, Knight JD, Rajendran D, Couzens AL, Currie KW, Tkach JM, Cheung SW, Pelletier L, Gingras AC. Phenotypic and Interaction Profiling of the Human Phosphatases Identifies Diverse Mitotic Regulators. Cell Rep 2016; 17:2488-2501. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.10.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Revised: 09/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
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26
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Li J, Zhao J, Li Y. Multiple biological processes may be associated with tumorigenesis under NUP88-overexpressed condition. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2016; 56:117-127. [PMID: 27636375 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.22417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2016] [Revised: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Overexpression of the nucleoporin NUP88 has been observed in a large number of tumors and has been experimentally proven to promote tumorigenesis. However, the mechanism underlying the tumor-promoting activity of overexpressed NUP88 is not clear. To investigate the potential pathways that drive tumorigenesis under NUP88 overexpressed condition, we applied a proteomic approach to identify NUP88-associated proteins at a subcellular compartment level. Gene ontology analysis revealed significant associations between NUP88 interactome and biological processes that are related to nuclear transport, RNA processing, cell cycle progression, metabolic regulation, and viral infection. Moreover, we found that NUP88 interacts with MISP, a mitotic interactor and substrate of PLK1. Interestingly, NUP88 overexpression blocks MISP phosphorylation, which is known to be critical for normal spindle formation and accurate chromosome segregation during mitosis. In conclusion, our data for the first time provide a global view of biological processes that may drive tumorigenesis under NUP88 overexpressed condition, revealing a biological effect of NUP88-MISP interaction. Furthermore, identification of NUP88-associated proteins provides a valuable database for future studies. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiafeng Li
- Department of Anaesthesia, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Key Laboratory of cancer prevention and therapy, Tianjin, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Jinsheng Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Nankai Clinical School of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yue Li
- Department of Anaesthesia, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Key Laboratory of cancer prevention and therapy, Tianjin, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
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27
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Konotop G, Bausch E, Nagai T, Turchinovich A, Becker N, Benner A, Boutros M, Mizuno K, Krämer A, Raab MS. Pharmacological Inhibition of Centrosome Clustering by Slingshot-Mediated Cofilin Activation and Actin Cortex Destabilization. Cancer Res 2016; 76:6690-6700. [PMID: 27634760 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-1144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2016] [Revised: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Centrosome amplification is a hallmark of virtually all types of cancers, including solid tumors and hematologic malignancies. Cancer cells with extra centrosomes use centrosome clustering (CC) to allow for successful division. Because normal cells do not rely on this mechanism, CC is regarded as a promising target to selectively eradicate cells harboring supernumerary centrosomes. To identify novel inhibitors of CC, we developed a cell-based high-throughput screen that reports differential drug cytotoxicity for isogenic cell populations with different centrosome contents. We identified CP-673451 and crenolanib, two chemically related compounds originally developed for the inhibition of platelet-derived growth factor receptor β (PDGFR-β), as robust inhibitors of CC with selective cytotoxicity for cells with extra centrosomes. We demonstrate that these compounds induce mitotic spindle multipolarity by activation of the actin-severing protein cofilin, leading to destabilization of the cortical actin network, and provide evidence that this activation is dependent on slingshot phosphatases 1 and 2 but unrelated to PDGFR-β inhibition. More specifically, we found that although both compounds attenuated PDGF-BB-induced signaling, they significantly enhanced the phosphorylation of PDGFR-β downstream effectors, Akt and MEK, in almost all tested cancer cell lines under physiologic conditions. In summary, our data reveal a novel mechanism of CC inhibition depending on cofilin-mediated cortical actin destabilization and identify two clinically relevant compounds interfering with this tumor cell-specific target. Cancer Res; 76(22); 6690-700. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gleb Konotop
- Max-Eder Research Group "Experimental Therapies for Hematologic Malignancies", German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and Department of Internal Medicine V, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Elena Bausch
- Max-Eder Research Group "Experimental Therapies for Hematologic Malignancies", German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and Department of Internal Medicine V, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tomoaki Nagai
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Andrey Turchinovich
- Molecular Epidemiology Group, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Natalia Becker
- Division of Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Axel Benner
- Division of Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Boutros
- Division of Signaling and Functional Genomics, Medical Faculty Mannheim, German Cancer Research Center and University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kensaku Mizuno
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Alwin Krämer
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Molecular Hematology/Oncology, German Cancer Research Center and Department of Internal Medicine V, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Marc Steffen Raab
- Max-Eder Research Group "Experimental Therapies for Hematologic Malignancies", German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and Department of Internal Medicine V, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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28
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Cammarata GM, Bearce EA, Lowery LA. Cytoskeletal social networking in the growth cone: How +TIPs mediate microtubule-actin cross-linking to drive axon outgrowth and guidance. Cytoskeleton (Hoboken) 2016; 73:461-76. [PMID: 26783725 DOI: 10.1002/cm.21272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Revised: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The growth cone is a unique structure capable of guiding axons to their proper destinations. Within the growth cone, extracellular guidance cues are interpreted and then transduced into physical changes in the actin filament (F-actin) and microtubule cytoskeletons, providing direction and movement. While both cytoskeletal networks individually possess important growth cone-specific functions, recent data over the past several years point towards a more cooperative role between the two systems. Facilitating this interaction between F-actin and microtubules, microtubule plus-end tracking proteins (+TIPs) have been shown to link the two cytoskeletons together. Evidence suggests that many +TIPs can couple microtubules to F-actin dynamics, supporting both microtubule advance and retraction in the growth cone periphery. In addition, growing in vitro and in vivo data support a secondary role for +TIPs in which they may participate as F-actin nucleators, thus directly influencing F-actin dynamics and organization. This review focuses on how +TIPs may link F-actin and microtubules together in the growth cone, and how these interactions may influence axon guidance. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Laura Anne Lowery
- Department of Biology, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts.
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29
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Lu H, Zhao Q, Jiang H, Zhu T, Xia P, Seffens W, Aikhionbare F, Wang D, Dou Z, Yao X. Characterization of ring-like F-actin structure as a mechanical partner for spindle positioning in mitosis. PLoS One 2014; 9:e102547. [PMID: 25299690 PMCID: PMC4191959 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0102547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2014] [Accepted: 06/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Proper spindle positioning and orientation are essential for accurate mitosis which requires dynamic interactions between microtubule and actin filament (F-actin). Although mounting evidence demonstrates the role of F-actin in cortical cytoskeleton dynamics, it remains elusive as to the structure and function of F-actin-based networks in spindle geometry. Here we showed a ring-like F-actin structure surrounding the mitotic spindle which forms since metaphase and maintains in MG132-arrested metaphase HeLa cells. This cytoplasmic F-actin structure is relatively isotropic and less dynamic. Our computational modeling of spindle position process suggests a possible mechanism by which the ring-like F-actin structure can regulate astral microtubule dynamics and thus mitotic spindle orientation. We further demonstrated that inhibiting Plk1, Mps1 or Myosin, and disruption of microtubules or F-actin polymerization perturbs the formation of the ring-like F-actin structure and alters spindle position and symmetric division. These findings reveal a previously unrecognized but important link between mitotic spindle and ring-like F-actin network in accurate mitosis and enables the development of a method to theoretically illustrate the relationship between mitotic spindle and cytoplasmic F-actin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Lu
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Cellular Dynamics and Chemical Biology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Qun Zhao
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Cellular Dynamics and Chemical Biology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Hao Jiang
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Cellular Dynamics and Chemical Biology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Tongge Zhu
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Cellular Dynamics and Chemical Biology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Department of Physiology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Peng Xia
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Cellular Dynamics and Chemical Biology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - William Seffens
- Department of Physiology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Felix Aikhionbare
- Department of Physiology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Dongmei Wang
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Cellular Dynamics and Chemical Biology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Zhen Dou
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Cellular Dynamics and Chemical Biology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xuebiao Yao
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Cellular Dynamics and Chemical Biology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
- * E-mail:
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30
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Lancaster OM, Baum B. Shaping up to divide: coordinating actin and microtubule cytoskeletal remodelling during mitosis. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2014; 34:109-15. [PMID: 24607328 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2014.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2014] [Accepted: 02/26/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Cell division requires the wholesale reorganization of cell architecture. At the same time as the microtubule network is remodelled to generate a bipolar spindle, animal cells entering mitosis replace their interphase actin cytoskeleton with a contractile mitotic actomyosin cortex that is tightly coupled to the plasma membrane--driving mitotic cell rounding. Here, we consider how these two processes are coordinated to couple chromosome segregation and cell division. In doing so we explore the relative roles of cell shape and the actin cortex in spindle morphogenesis, orientation and positioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar M Lancaster
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
| | - Buzz Baum
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
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31
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Tame MA, Raaijmakers JA, van den Broek B, Lindqvist A, Jalink K, Medema RH. Astral microtubules control redistribution of dynein at the cell cortex to facilitate spindle positioning. Cell Cycle 2014; 13:1162-70. [PMID: 24553118 PMCID: PMC4013166 DOI: 10.4161/cc.28031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytoplasmic dynein is recruited to the cell cortex in early mitosis, where it can generate pulling forces on astral microtubules to position the mitotic spindle. Recent work has shown that dynein displays a dynamic asymmetric cortical localization, and that dynein recruitment is negatively regulated by spindle pole-proximity. This results in oscillating dynein recruitment to opposite sides of the cortex to center the mitotic spindle. However, although the centrosome-derived signal that promotes displacement of dynein has been identified, it is currently unknown how dynein is re-recruited to the cortex once it has been displaced. Here we show that re-recruitment of cortical dynein requires astral microtubules. We find that microtubules are necessary for the sustained localized enrichment of dynein at the cortex. Furthermore, we show that stabilization of astral microtubules causes spindle misorientation, followed by mispositioning of dynein at the cortex. Thus, our results demonstrate the importance of astral microtubules in the dynamic regulation of cortical dynein recruitment in mitosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihoko A Tame
- Division of Cell Biology; The Netherlands Cancer Institute; Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jonne A Raaijmakers
- Division of Cell Biology; The Netherlands Cancer Institute; Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bram van den Broek
- Division of Cell Biology; The Netherlands Cancer Institute; Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Arne Lindqvist
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology; Karolinska Institutet; Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kees Jalink
- Division of Cell Biology; The Netherlands Cancer Institute; Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - René H Medema
- Division of Cell Biology; The Netherlands Cancer Institute; Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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32
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Kumeta M, Gilmore JL, Umeshima H, Ishikawa M, Kitajiri SI, Horigome T, Kengaku M, Takeyasu K. Caprice/MISP is a novel F-actin bundling protein critical for actin-based cytoskeletal reorganizations. Genes Cells 2014; 19:338-49. [DOI: 10.1111/gtc.12131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2013] [Accepted: 12/18/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Kumeta
- Graduate School of Biostudies; Kyoto University; Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
| | - Jamie L. Gilmore
- Graduate School of Biostudies; Kyoto University; Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
| | - Hiroki Umeshima
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS); Kyoto University; Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
| | - Masaaki Ishikawa
- Graduate School of Medicine; Kyoto University; Kyoto 606-8507 Japan
| | | | - Tsuneyoshi Horigome
- Graduate School of Science and Technology; Niigata University; Niigata 950-2181 Japan
| | - Mineko Kengaku
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS); Kyoto University; Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
| | - Kunio Takeyasu
- Graduate School of Biostudies; Kyoto University; Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
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33
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Kotak S, Gönczy P. Mechanisms of spindle positioning: cortical force generators in the limelight. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2013; 25:741-8. [PMID: 23958212 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2013.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2013] [Revised: 07/09/2013] [Accepted: 07/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Correct positioning of the spindle governs placement of the cytokinesis furrow and thus plays a crucial role in the partitioning of fate determinants and the disposition of daughter cells in a tissue. Converging evidence indicates that spindle positioning is often dictated by interactions between the plus-end of astral microtubules that emanate from the spindle poles and an evolutionary conserved cortical machinery that serves to pull on them. At the heart of this machinery lies a ternary complex (LIN-5/GPR-1/2/Gα in Caenorhabditis elegans and NuMA/LGN/Gαi in Homo sapiens) that promotes the presence of the motor protein dynein at the cell cortex. In this review, we discuss how the above components contribute to spindle positioning and how the underlying mechanisms are precisely regulated to ensure the proper execution of this crucial process in metazoan organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachin Kotak
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), School of Life Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), Lausanne CH-1005, Switzerland
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34
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Nain AS, Cimini D. MISP: The missing link between extracellular matrix and astral microtubules. Cell Cycle 2013; 12:1821-2. [PMID: 23759569 PMCID: PMC3735691 DOI: 10.4161/cc.25171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Amrinder S Nain
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
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