1
|
Geng X, Wang DW, Li H. The pivotal role of neutrophil extracellular traps in cardiovascular diseases: Mechanisms and therapeutic implications. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 179:117289. [PMID: 39151311 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Revised: 08/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) continue to pose a significant burden on global health, prominently contributing to morbidity and mortality rates worldwide. Recent years have witnessed an increasing recognition of the intricate involvement of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in the pathology of diverse cardiovascular conditions. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the multifaceted functions of NETs in cardiovascular diseases, shedding light on the impact on atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, heart failure, myocarditis, atrial fibrillation, aortic stenosis, and the potential therapeutic avenues targeting NETs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Geng
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Dao Wen Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Huihui Li
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Heuer A, Löwhagen S, Uhlig S, Hetjens S, Büttner S, Pflästerer B, Diehlmann A, Klein S, Klüter H, Bieback K, Wuchter P. Flow Cytometric Characterization of Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cell Subpopulations in Autologous Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Preparations after Cryopreservation. Transfus Med Hemother 2023; 50:417-427. [PMID: 37899990 PMCID: PMC10601604 DOI: 10.1159/000533624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Autologous stem cell transplantation is a successful routine procedure with only a small number of non-engraftment cases, although the time to hematopoietic recovery may vary considerably across patients. While CD34 has been the decisive marker for enumerating hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) for more than 30 years, the impact of CD34-positive cellular subpopulations in autologous HSPC grafts on hematopoietic reconstitution remains unclear. Methods The two-color ISHAGE protocol represents the current gold standard for CD34+ cell enumeration but includes only the number of viable CD45+/CD34+ cells relative to the body weight of the recipient. We adapted a multicolor flow cytometry marker panel for advanced characterization of CD34 subpopulations in retained samples of autologous peripheral blood stem cell products (n = 49), which had been cryostored for a wide range from 4 to 15 years. The flow cytometric analysis included CD10, CD34, CD38, CD45, CD45RA, CD133, and viability staining with 7AAD. The findings were correlated with clinical engraftment data, including reconstitution of leukocytes, neutrophils, and platelets after transplantation (TPL). Results We demonstrated that the identification of autologous HSPC subpopulations by flow cytometry after cryopreservation is feasible. Regarding the distribution of HSPC subpopulations, a markedly different pattern was observed in comparison to previously published data obtained using fresh autologous material. Our data revealed the largest ratio of lympho-myeloid progenitors (LMPPs) after freezing and thawing, followed by multipotent progenitors and erythroid-myeloid progenitors. A high ratio of LMPPs, representing an immature stage of differentiation, correlated significantly with early neutrophilic granulocyte and leukocyte engraftment (p = 0.025 and p = 0.003). Conversely, a large ratio of differentiated cells correlated with late engraftment of neutrophilic granulocytes (p = 0.024). Overall, successful engraftment was documented for all patients. Conclusion We established an advanced flow cytometry panel to assess the differentiation ability of cryostored autologous peripheral blood stem cell grafts and correlated it with timely hematopoietic reconstitution. This approach represents a novel and comprehensive way to identify hematopoietic stem and progenitor subpopulations. It is a feasible way to indicate the engraftment capacity of stem cell products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anabel Heuer
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, German Red Cross Blood Service Baden-Württemberg – Hessen, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Svea Löwhagen
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, German Red Cross Blood Service Baden-Württemberg – Hessen, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Stefanie Uhlig
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, German Red Cross Blood Service Baden-Württemberg – Hessen, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- FlowCore, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Svetlana Hetjens
- Medical Statistics, Biomathematics and Information Processing, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Sylvia Büttner
- Medical Statistics, Biomathematics and Information Processing, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Britta Pflästerer
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, German Red Cross Blood Service Baden-Württemberg – Hessen, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Anke Diehlmann
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, German Red Cross Blood Service Baden-Württemberg – Hessen, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Stefan Klein
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Harald Klüter
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, German Red Cross Blood Service Baden-Württemberg – Hessen, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Karen Bieback
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, German Red Cross Blood Service Baden-Württemberg – Hessen, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- FlowCore, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Patrick Wuchter
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, German Red Cross Blood Service Baden-Württemberg – Hessen, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Schippel N, Sharma S. Dynamics of human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell differentiation to the erythroid lineage. Exp Hematol 2023; 123:1-17. [PMID: 37172755 PMCID: PMC10330572 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2023.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Erythropoiesis, the development of erythrocytes from hematopoietic stem cells, occurs through four phases: erythroid progenitor (EP) development, early erythropoiesis, terminal erythroid differentiation (TED), and maturation. According to the classical model that is based on immunophenotypic profiles of cell populations, each of these phases comprises multiple differentiation states that arise in a hierarchical manner. After segregation of lymphoid potential, erythroid priming begins during progenitor development and progresses through progenitor cell types that have multilineage potential. Complete separation of the erythroid lineage is achieved during early erythropoiesis with the formation of unipotent EPs: burst-forming unit-erythroid and colony-forming unit-erythroid. These erythroid-committed progenitors undergo TED and maturation, which involves expulsion of the nucleus and remodeling to form functional biconcave, hemoglobin-filled erythrocytes. In the last decade or so, many studies employing advanced techniques such as single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) as well as the conventional methods, including colony-forming cell assays and immunophenotyping, have revealed heterogeneity within the stem, progenitor, and erythroblast stages, and uncovered alternate paths for segregation of erythroid lineage potential. In this review, we provide an in-depth account of immunophenotypic profiles of all cell types within erythropoiesis, highlight studies that demonstrate heterogeneous erythroid stages, and describe deviations to the classical model of erythropoiesis. Overall, although scRNA-seq approaches have provided new insights, flow cytometry remains relevant and is the primary method for validation of novel immunophenotypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natascha Schippel
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, AZ
| | - Shalini Sharma
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, AZ.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Silva LM, Kim TS, Moutsopoulos NM. Neutrophils are gatekeepers of mucosal immunity. Immunol Rev 2023; 314:125-141. [PMID: 36404627 PMCID: PMC10496120 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Mucosal tissues are constantly exposed to the outside environment. They receive signals from the commensal microbiome and tissue-specific triggers including alimentary and airborne elements and are tasked to maintain balance in the absence of inflammation and infection. Here, we present neutrophils as sentinel cells in mucosal immunity. We discuss the roles of neutrophils in mucosal homeostasis and overview clinical susceptibilities in patients with neutrophil defects. Finally, we present concepts related to specification of neutrophil responses within specific mucosal tissue microenvironments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lakmali M. Silva
- Oral Immunity and Infection Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
- Proteases and Tissue Remodeling Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Tae Sung Kim
- Oral Immunity and Infection Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Niki M. Moutsopoulos
- Oral Immunity and Infection Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Uslu Bıçak İ, Tokcan B, Yavuz AS, Sözer Tokdemir S. Circulating CD133+/–CD34– Have Increased c- MYC Expression in Myeloproliferative Neoplasms. Turk J Haematol 2023; 40:28-36. [PMID: 36458557 PMCID: PMC9979741 DOI: 10.4274/tjh.galenos.2022.2022.0343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) are hematopoietic stem cell (HSC)-originated diseases with clonal myeloproliferation. The constitutive activation of the JAK/STAT pathway is frequently detected in patients with Philadelphia chromosome-negative (Ph–) MPNs with an acquired JAK2V617F mutation. The c-MYC proto-oncogene is associated with malignant growth and cellular transformation, and JAK2V617F was previously shown to induce constitutive expression of c-MYC. This study examines the expressional profile of c-MYC in Ph– MPNs with JAK2V617F and highlights its hierarchical level of activation in circulating hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell (HSPC) subgroups. Materials and Methods Mononuclear cells (MNCs) of Ph– MPNs were fluorochrome-labeled in situ with wild-type (wt) JAK2 or JAK2V617F mRNA gold nanoparticle technology and sorted simultaneously. Isolated populations of JAK2wt or JAK2V617F were evaluated for their c-MYC expressions. The MNCs of 14 Ph– MPNs were further isolated for the study of HSPC subgroups regarding their CD34 and CD133 expressions, evaluated for the presence of JAK2V617F, and compared to cord blood (CB) counterparts for the expression of c-MYC. Results The mRNA-labeled gold nanoparticle-treated MNCs were determined to have the highest ratio of c-MYC relative fold-change expression in the biallelic JAK2V617F compartment compared to JAK2wt. The relative c-MYC expression in MNCs of MPNs was significantly increased compared to CB (p=0.01). The circulating HSPCs of CD133+/–CD34− MPNs had statistically significantly elevated c-MYC expression compared to CB. Conclusion This is the first study of circulating CD133+/–CD34− cells in Ph– MPNs and it has revealed elevated c-MYC expression levels in HSCs/endothelial progenitor cells (HSCs/EPCs) and EPCs. Furthermore, the steady increase in the expression of c-MYC within MNCs carrying no mutations and monoallelic or biallelic JAK2V617F transcripts was notable. The presence of JAK2V617F with respect to c-MYC expression in the circulating HSCs/EPCs and EPCs of MPNs might provide some evidence for the initiation of JAK2V617F and propagation of disease. Further studies are needed to clarify the implications of increased c-MYC expression in such populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- İldeniz Uslu Bıçak
- İstanbul University Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Department of Genetics, İstanbul, Türkiye,İstanbul University, Institute of Health Sciences, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Berkay Tokcan
- İstanbul University Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Department of Genetics, İstanbul, Türkiye,İstanbul University, Institute of Health Sciences, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Akif Selim Yavuz
- İstanbul University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Selçuk Sözer Tokdemir
- İstanbul University Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Department of Genetics, İstanbul, Türkiye,* Address for Correspondence: İstanbul University Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Department of Genetics, İstanbul, Türkiye E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Radtke S, Kiem HP. Identification of Nonhuman Primate Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2567:87-98. [PMID: 36255696 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2679-5_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The preclinical development of hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) gene therapy/editing and transplantation protocols is frequently performed in large animal models such as nonhuman primates (NHPs). Similarity in physiology, size, and life expectation as well as cross-reactivity of most reagents and medications allows for the development of treatment strategies with rapid translation to clinical applications. Especially after the adverse events of HSC gene therapy observed in the late 1990s, the ability to perform autologous transplants and follow the animals long-term make the NHP a very attractive model to test the efficiency, feasibility, and safety of new HSC-mediated gene-transfer/editing and transplantation approaches.This protocol describes a method to phenotypically characterize functionally distinct NHP HSPC subsets within specimens or stem cell products from three different NHP species. Procedures are based on the flow-cytometric assessment of cell surface markers that are cross-reactive in between human and NHP to allow for immediate clinical translation. This protocol has been successfully used for the quality control of enriched, cultured, and gene-modified NHP CD34+ hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) as well as sort-purified CD34 subsets for transplantation in the pig-tailed, cynomolgus, and rhesus macaque. It further allows the longitudinal assessment of primary specimens taken during the long-term follow-up post-transplantation in order to monitor homing, engraftment, and reconstitution of the bone marrow stem cell compartment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Radtke
- Stem Cell and Gene Therapy Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Hans-Peter Kiem
- Stem Cell and Gene Therapy Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Arman Bilir Ö, Işık M, Kanbur M, Ok Bozkaya İ, Özbek NY. Bone Marrow Grafts From Pediatric Donors May Contain A Considerable Number of Hematogones. Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus 2022; 38:691-697. [PMID: 36258726 PMCID: PMC9569254 DOI: 10.1007/s12288-022-01534-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
During CD34 + stem cell count to determine the number of stem cells in the allografts from pediatric donors, we noticed a considerable amount of early hematogones (eHGs) within the stem cell gate in flow cytometry. Since the number of hematogones causes a decrease in the total number of stem cells counted within the graft, we planned a retrospective study to analyze the effect of eHGs on transplant outcomes. We also wanted to show how allografts containing high amounts of early HGs affect transplant outcomes. Quantification of CD34 numbers and the number of eHGs were determined by flow cytometry. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to the number of CD 34+ cells calculated after subtracting the number of hematogones within the allograft. Those who received < 2 × 106/kg CD34+ cells and ≥ 2 × 106/kg were defined as group 1 and 2, respectively. Twenty-six patients and their 26 donors were included in the study. The median age of patients was 6.5 years and 5.4 years in Group 1 and 2, respectively. The median donor age was 9 years in Group 1 and 7 years in Group 2. The ages and genders were similar in the two groups (p > 0.05). The number of nucleated cells given to both groups was not different. The number of early hematogones given to both groups was similar (p = 0.93). The mean times to myeloid and platelet engraftments were also similar in the two groups. In this study, we provided trilineage engraftment to all patients in two groups. We could not find a considerable effect of these eHGs in myeloid and platelet engraftments. However, the number of patients included in our study is low, therefore we suggest a study including a large number of donors in order to confirm our findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Özlem Arman Bilir
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Ministry of Health Ankara City Hospital, Universiteler Mahallesi, Bilkent Caddesi No:1, 06800 Çankaya, Ankara Turkey
| | - Melek Işık
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Ministry of Health Ankara City Hospital, Universiteler Mahallesi, Bilkent Caddesi No:1, 06800 Çankaya, Ankara Turkey
| | - Mehtap Kanbur
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Ministry of Health Ankara City Hospital, Universiteler Mahallesi, Bilkent Caddesi No:1, 06800 Çankaya, Ankara Turkey
| | - İkbal Ok Bozkaya
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Ministry of Health Ankara City Hospital, Universiteler Mahallesi, Bilkent Caddesi No:1, 06800 Çankaya, Ankara Turkey
| | - Namık Yaşar Özbek
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Ministry of Health Ankara City Hospital, Universiteler Mahallesi, Bilkent Caddesi No:1, 06800 Çankaya, Ankara Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Neutrophils and Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Cardiovascular Disease: An Overview and Potential Therapeutic Approaches. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10081850. [PMID: 36009397 PMCID: PMC9405087 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10081850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in pharmacotherapy have markedly improved the prognosis of cardiovascular disease (CVD) but have not completely conquered it. Therapies targeting the NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 inflammasome and its downstream cytokines have proven effective in the secondary prevention of cardiovascular events, suggesting that inflammation is a target for treating residual risk in CVD. Neutrophil-induced inflammation has long been recognized as important in the pathogenesis of CVD. Circadian rhythm-related and disease-specific microenvironment changes give rise to neutrophil diversity. Neutrophils are primed by various stimuli, such as chemokines, cytokines, and damage-related molecular patterns, and the activated neutrophils contribute to the inflammatory response in CVD through degranulation, phagocytosis, reactive oxygen species generation, and the release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). In particular, NETs promote immunothrombosis through the interaction with vascular endothelial cells and platelets and are implicated in the development of various types of CVD, such as acute coronary syndrome, deep vein thrombosis, and heart failure. NETs are promising candidates for anti-inflammatory therapy in CVD, and their efficacy has already been demonstrated in various animal models of the disease; however, they have yet to be clinically applied in humans. This narrative review discusses the diversity and complexity of neutrophils in the trajectory of CVD, the therapeutic potential of targeting NETs, and the related clinical issues.
Collapse
|
9
|
Boyd N, Cartledge K, Cao H, Evtimov V, Pupovac A, Trounson A, Boyd R. 'Off-the-Shelf' Immunotherapy: Manufacture of CD8 + T Cells Derived from Hematopoietic Stem Cells. Cells 2021; 10:2631. [PMID: 34685611 PMCID: PMC8534391 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular immunotherapy is revolutionizing cancer treatment. However, autologous transplants are complex, costly, and limited by the number and quality of T cells that can be isolated from and expanded for re-infusion into each patient. This paper demonstrates a stromal support cell-free in vitro method for the differentiation of T cells from umbilical cord blood hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). For each single HSC cell input, approximately 5 × 104 T cells were created with an initial five days of HSC expansion and subsequent T cell differentiation over 49 days. When the induced in vitro differentiated T cells were activated by cytokines and anti-CD3/CD28 beads, CD8+ T cell receptor (TCR) γδ+ T cells were preferentially generated and elicited cytotoxic function against ovarian cancer cells in vitro. This process of inducing de novo functional T cells offers a possible strategy to increase T cell yields, simplify manufacturing, and reduce costs with application potential for conversion into chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells for cancer immunotherapy and for allogeneic transplantation to restore immune competence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Boyd
- Cartherics Pty Ltd., Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia; (N.B.); (K.C.); (H.C.); (V.E.); (A.P.); (A.T.)
| | - Kellie Cartledge
- Cartherics Pty Ltd., Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia; (N.B.); (K.C.); (H.C.); (V.E.); (A.P.); (A.T.)
| | - Huimin Cao
- Cartherics Pty Ltd., Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia; (N.B.); (K.C.); (H.C.); (V.E.); (A.P.); (A.T.)
| | - Vera Evtimov
- Cartherics Pty Ltd., Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia; (N.B.); (K.C.); (H.C.); (V.E.); (A.P.); (A.T.)
| | - Aleta Pupovac
- Cartherics Pty Ltd., Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia; (N.B.); (K.C.); (H.C.); (V.E.); (A.P.); (A.T.)
| | - Alan Trounson
- Cartherics Pty Ltd., Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia; (N.B.); (K.C.); (H.C.); (V.E.); (A.P.); (A.T.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Richard Boyd
- Cartherics Pty Ltd., Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia; (N.B.); (K.C.); (H.C.); (V.E.); (A.P.); (A.T.)
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Radtke S, Pande D, Cui M, Perez AM, Chan YY, Enstrom M, Schmuck S, Berger A, Eunson T, Adair JE, Kiem HP. Purification of Human CD34 +CD90 + HSCs Reduces Target Cell Population and Improves Lentiviral Transduction for Gene Therapy. MOLECULAR THERAPY-METHODS & CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT 2020; 18:679-691. [PMID: 32802914 PMCID: PMC7424231 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2020.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) gene therapy has the potential to cure many genetic, malignant, and infectious diseases. We have shown in a nonhuman primate gene therapy and transplantation model that the CD34+CD90+ cell fraction was exclusively responsible for multilineage engraftment and hematopoietic reconstitution. In this study, we show the translational potential of this HSC-enriched CD34 subset for lentivirus-mediated gene therapy. Alternative HSC enrichment strategies include the purification of CD133+ cells or CD38low/– subsets of CD34+ cells from human blood products. We directly compared these strategies to the isolation of CD90+ cells using a good manufacturing practice (GMP) grade flow-sorting protocol with clinical applicability. We show that CD90+ cell selection results in about 30-fold fewer target cells in comparison to CD133+ or CD38low/– CD34+ hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) subsets without compromising the engraftment potential in vivo. Single-cell RNA sequencing confirmed nearly complete depletion of lineage-committed progenitor cells in CD90+ fractions compared to alternative selections. Importantly, lentiviral transduction efficiency in purified CD90+ cells resulted in up to 3-fold higher levels of engrafted gene-modified blood cells. These studies should have important implications for the manufacturing of patient-specific HSC gene therapy and gene-engineered cell products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Radtke
- Stem Cell and Gene Therapy Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.,Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Dnyanada Pande
- Stem Cell and Gene Therapy Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.,Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Margaret Cui
- Stem Cell and Gene Therapy Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.,Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Anai M Perez
- Stem Cell and Gene Therapy Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.,Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Yan-Yi Chan
- Stem Cell and Gene Therapy Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.,Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Mark Enstrom
- Stem Cell and Gene Therapy Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.,Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Stefanie Schmuck
- Stem Cell and Gene Therapy Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.,Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Andrew Berger
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Tom Eunson
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Jennifer E Adair
- Stem Cell and Gene Therapy Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.,Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.,Department of Medical Oncology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Hans-Peter Kiem
- Stem Cell and Gene Therapy Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.,Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Dampmann M, Görgens A, Möllmann M, Murke F, Dührsen U, Giebel B, Dürig J. CpG stimulation of chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells induces a polarized cell shape and promotes migration in vitro and in vivo. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0228674. [PMID: 32040489 PMCID: PMC7010256 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0228674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to accomplish their physiological functions leukocytes have the capability to migrate. As a prerequisite they need to adopt a polarized cell shape, forming a leading edge at the front and a uropod at rear pole. In this study we explored the capability of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) cells to adopt this leukocyte-specific migration phenotype. Furthermore, we studied the impact of the Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) agonists CpGs type A, B and C and the antagonist oligodesoxynucleotide (ODN) INH-18 on the cell polarization and migration process of primary human CLL cells. Upon cultivation, a portion of purified CLL cells adopted polarized cell shapes spontaneously (range 10–38%). Stimulation with CpG ODNs type B (ODN 2006) and CpGs type C (ODN 2395) significantly increased the frequency of morphologically polarized CLL cells, while ODN INH-18 was hardly able to act antagonistically. Like in human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells, in morphologically polarized CLL cells CXCR4 was redistributed to the leading edge and CD50 to the uropod. Coupled to the increased frequencies of morphologically polarized cells, CpGs type B and C stimulated CLL cells showed higher migration activities in vitro and following intravenous injection higher homing frequencies to the bone marrow of immunocompromised NOD.Cg-PrkdcscidIl2rgtm1Wjl/SzJ (NSG) mice. Thus, presumably independent of TLR-9 signaling, CpGs type B and C promote the cellular polarization process of CLL cells and their ability to migrate in vitro and in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Dampmann
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - André Görgens
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Michael Möllmann
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Florian Murke
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Ulrich Dührsen
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Bernd Giebel
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- * E-mail: (JD); (BG)
| | - Jan Dürig
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine, St. Josef Hospital, Essen, Germany
- * E-mail: (JD); (BG)
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Radtke S, Humbert O, Kiem HP. Mouse models in hematopoietic stem cell gene therapy and genome editing. Biochem Pharmacol 2019; 174:113692. [PMID: 31705854 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2019.113692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Gene therapy has become an important treatment option for a variety of hematological diseases. The biggest advances have been made with CAR T cells and many of those studies are now FDA approved as a routine treatment for some hematologic malignancies. Hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) gene therapy is not far behind with treatment approvals granted for beta-hemoglobinopathies and adenosine deaminase severe combined immune deficiency (ADA-SCID), and additional approbations currently being sought. With the current pace of research, the significant investment of biotech companies, and the continuously growing toolbox of viral as well as non-viral gene delivery methods, the development of new ex vivo and in vivo gene therapy approaches is at an all-time high. Research in the field of gene therapy has been ongoing for more than 4 decades with big success stories as well as devastating drawbacks along the way. In particular, the damaging effect of uncontrolled viral vector integration observed in the initial gene therapy applications in the 90s led to a more comprehensive upfront safety assessment of treatment strategies. Since the late 90s, an important read-out to comprehensively assess the quality and safety of cell products has come forward with the mouse xenograft model. Here, we review the use of mouse models across the different stages of basic, pre-clinical and translational research towards the clinical application of HSC-mediated gene therapy and editing approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Radtke
- Stem Cell and Gene Therapy Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
| | - Olivier Humbert
- Stem Cell and Gene Therapy Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
| | - Hans-Peter Kiem
- Stem Cell and Gene Therapy Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Comparison of Reconstituted, Acidified Reconstituted Milk or Acidified Fresh Milk on Growth Performance, Diarrhea Rate, and Hematological Parameters in Preweaning Dairy Calves. Animals (Basel) 2019; 9:ani9100778. [PMID: 31658716 PMCID: PMC6826629 DOI: 10.3390/ani9100778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The preweaning phase is the period for the rapid growth and development of dairy calves. During this period, dairy calves receive their nutrients through milk. Feeding hygienic milk is of great benefit to optimum growth rate and health status of dairy calves. Previous studies focused on the effects of hygienic milk by acidification on dairy calves’ health and growth. Reconstituted milk, as the common source of milk, is being used in dairy calves feeding. However, no previous studies reported the effects of feeding acidified reconstituted milk on dairy calves’ health and growth. Our study will provide the evidence that the acidification of reconstituted milk had positive effects on growth performance and health status of preweaning dairy calves. Abstract The present experiment was carried out to assess the effects of reconstituted milk (RM), acidified reconstituted milk (ARM), and acidified fresh milk (AFM) on growth performance, diarrhea rate, and hematological parameters of preweaning dairy calves. For this purpose, a total of 27 Holstein female calves (one month of age) with initial body weight of (67.46 ± 4.08) kg were divided into three groups in such a way that each group contained nine calves. Calves were housed individually, and starter was offered ad libitum to each calf. The dietary treatments were RM, ARM, and AFM. The highest milk intake was observed in calves receiving AFM as compared to other treatments (p < 0.01). Calves fed AFM had more feed intake than those fed ARM and RM (p < 0.01). Feed efficiency was significantly lower for calves offered ARM than those offered RM and AFM (p < 0.01). A lower withers height growth was found for calves fed RM than those fed ARM and AFM (p <0.05). Diarrhea rate and white blood cell (WBC) and lymphocytes (LYM) counts were greater for calves fed RM than those fed ARM and AFM (p < 0.05). These findings suggested that ARM and AFM had positive effects on growth performance and health status of the preweaning dairy calves.
Collapse
|
14
|
Human multipotent hematopoietic progenitor cell expansion is neither supported in endothelial and endothelial/mesenchymal co-cultures nor in NSG mice. Sci Rep 2019; 9:12914. [PMID: 31501490 PMCID: PMC6733927 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49221-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial and mesenchymal stromal cells (ECs/MSCs) are crucial components of hematopoietic bone marrow stem cell niches. Both cell types appear to be required to support the maintenance and expansion of multipotent hematopoietic cells, i.e. hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and multipotent progenitors (MPPs). With the aim to exploit niche cell properties for experimental and potential clinical applications, we analyzed the potential of primary ECs alone and in combination with MSCs to support the ex vivo expansion/maintenance of human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). Even though a massive expansion of total CD34+ HSPCs was observed, none of the tested culture conditions supported the expansion or maintenance of multipotent HSPCs. Instead, mainly lympho-myeloid primed progenitors (LMPPs) were expanded. Similarly, following transplantation into immunocompromised mice the percentage of multipotent HSPCs within the engrafted HSPC population was significantly decreased compared to the original graft. Consistent with the in vitro findings, a bias towards lympho-myeloid lineage potentials was observed. In our conditions, neither classical co-cultures of HSPCs with primary ECs or MSCs, even in combination, nor the xenograft environment in immunocompromised mice efficiently support the expansion of multipotent HSPCs. Instead, enhanced expansion and a consistent bias towards lympho-myeloid committed LMPPs were observed.
Collapse
|
15
|
Kordelas L, Görgens A, Radtke S, Horn PA, Beelen DW, Giebel B. Allogeneic transplantation of peripheral blood stem cell grafts results in a massive decrease of primitive hematopoietic progenitor frequencies in reconstituted bone marrows. Bone Marrow Transplant 2019; 55:100-109. [PMID: 31435034 DOI: 10.1038/s41409-019-0645-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The success of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloSCT) is indicated by the reconstitution of the peripheral blood system of patients after alloSCT and the engraftment of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) into their bone marrow (BM). The number of CD34+ cells is commonly used as surrogate for the content of hematopoietic stem cells in the grafts. During the last decade, several antigens (including CD133, CD45RA, CD38, and CD10) were identified allowing discrimination of different HSPC subpopulations within the human CD34+ cell compartment. Although such studies increased our understanding of early human hematopoiesis tremendously, hardly any study dissected the CD34+ compartment in the alloSCT setting. Consequently, we comprehensively analyzed the CD34+ compartment in G-CSF-stimulated peripheral blood stem cell grafts of allogeneic donors, in BM samples of the respective recipients 4 weeks after alloSCT, and in BM samples of healthy donors. We demonstrate that alloSCT is associated with a dramatic shift from primitive to more mature HSPC types. Upon investigating whether the composition of engrafted CD34+ cells has any impact on the incidence and severity of graft-versus-host disease, we did not find any correlation. However, more detailed analyses of the CD34+ compartment may elucidate associations with other transplantation-related complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lambros Kordelas
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
| | - André Görgens
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.,Clinical Research Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Stefan Radtke
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.,Stem Cell and Gene Therapy Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Peter A Horn
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Dietrich W Beelen
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Bernd Giebel
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Porwit
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology and Pathology, Faculty of MedicineLund University Lund Sweden
| | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Porwit
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology and Pathology, Faculty of MedicineLund University Lund Sweden
| | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Porwit A, Béné MC. Multiparameter flow cytometry applications in the diagnosis of mixed phenotype acute leukemia. CYTOMETRY PART B-CLINICAL CYTOMETRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cyto.b.21783 or extractvalue(1224,concat(0x5c,0x7170707871,(select (elt(1224=1224,1))),0x7162627671))] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Porwit
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology and Pathology, Faculty of MedicineLund University Lund Sweden
| | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Porwit
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology and Pathology, Faculty of MedicineLund University Lund Sweden
| | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Porwit
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology and Pathology, Faculty of MedicineLund University Lund Sweden
| | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Porwit A, Béné MC. Multiparameter flow cytometry applications in the diagnosis of mixed phenotype acute leukemia. CYTOMETRY PART B-CLINICAL CYTOMETRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cyto.b.21783 rlike (select (case when (2397=1595) then 0x31302e313030322f6379746f2e622e3231373833 else 0x28 end))-- mlwg] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Porwit
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology and Pathology, Faculty of MedicineLund University Lund Sweden
| | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Porwit A, Béné MC. Multiparameter flow cytometry applications in the diagnosis of mixed phenotype acute leukemia. CYTOMETRY PART B-CLINICAL CYTOMETRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cyto.b.21783 procedure analyse(extractvalue(1697,concat(0x5c,0x7170707871,(select (case when (1697=1697) then 1 else 0 end)),0x7162627671)),1)-- dotb] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Porwit
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology and Pathology, Faculty of MedicineLund University Lund Sweden
| | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Porwit A, Béné MC. Multiparameter flow cytometry applications in the diagnosis of mixed phenotype acute leukemia. CYTOMETRY PART B-CLINICAL CYTOMETRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cyto.b.21783 rlike (select (case when (2220=2220) then 0x31302e313030322f6379746f2e622e3231373833 else 0x28 end))-- yagd] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Porwit
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology and Pathology, Faculty of MedicineLund University Lund Sweden
| | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Porwit A, Béné MC. Multiparameter flow cytometry applications in the diagnosis of mixed phenotype acute leukemia. CYTOMETRY PART B-CLINICAL CYTOMETRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cyto.b.21783 procedure analyse(extractvalue(1697,concat(0x5c,0x7170707871,(select (case when (1697=1697) then 1 else 0 end)),0x7162627671)),1)] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Porwit
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology and Pathology, Faculty of MedicineLund University Lund Sweden
| | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Porwit A, Béné MC. Multiparameter flow cytometry applications in the diagnosis of mixed phenotype acute leukemia. CYTOMETRY PART B-CLINICAL CYTOMETRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cyto.b.21783 rlike (select (case when (8458=4072) then 0x31302e313030322f6379746f2e622e3231373833 else 0x28 end))] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Porwit
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology and Pathology, Faculty of MedicineLund University Lund Sweden
| | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Porwit
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology and Pathology, Faculty of MedicineLund University Lund Sweden
| | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Porwit A, Béné MC. Multiparameter flow cytometry applications in the diagnosis of mixed phenotype acute leukemia. CYTOMETRY PART B-CLINICAL CYTOMETRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cyto.b.21783 order by 1-- adlw] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Porwit
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology and Pathology, Faculty of MedicineLund University Lund Sweden
| | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Porwit A, Béné MC. Multiparameter flow cytometry applications in the diagnosis of mixed phenotype acute leukemia. CYTOMETRY PART B-CLINICAL CYTOMETRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cyto.b.21783 and 1217=5418-- qlta] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Porwit
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology and Pathology, Faculty of MedicineLund University Lund Sweden
| | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Porwit A, Béné MC. Multiparameter flow cytometry applications in the diagnosis of mixed phenotype acute leukemia. CYTOMETRY PART B-CLINICAL CYTOMETRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cyto.b.21783 and extractvalue(1180,concat(0x5c,0x7170707871,(select (elt(1180=1180,1))),0x7162627671))] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Porwit
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology and Pathology, Faculty of MedicineLund University Lund Sweden
| | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Porwit A, Béné MC. Multiparameter flow cytometry applications in the diagnosis of mixed phenotype acute leukemia. CYTOMETRY PART B-CLINICAL CYTOMETRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cyto.b.21783 and (select (case when (2892=2892) then null else ctxsys.drithsx.sn(1,2892) end) from dual) is null] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Porwit
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology and Pathology, Faculty of MedicineLund University Lund Sweden
| | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Porwit A, Béné MC. Multiparameter flow cytometry applications in the diagnosis of mixed phenotype acute leukemia. CYTOMETRY PART B-CLINICAL CYTOMETRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cyto.b.21783 and extractvalue(1180,concat(0x5c,0x7170707871,(select (elt(1180=1180,1))),0x7162627671))-- evzo] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Porwit
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology and Pathology, Faculty of MedicineLund University Lund Sweden
| | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Porwit
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology and Pathology, Faculty of MedicineLund University Lund Sweden
| | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Porwit
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology and Pathology, Faculty of MedicineLund University Lund Sweden
| | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Porwit
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology and Pathology, Faculty of MedicineLund University Lund Sweden
| | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Porwit A, Béné MC. Multiparameter flow cytometry applications in the diagnosis of mixed phenotype acute leukemia. CYTOMETRY PART B-CLINICAL CYTOMETRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cyto.b.21783 and (select (case when (2892=2892) then null else ctxsys.drithsx.sn(1,2892) end) from dual) is null-- lgvs] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Porwit
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology and Pathology, Faculty of MedicineLund University Lund Sweden
| | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Porwit
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology and Pathology, Faculty of MedicineLund University Lund Sweden
| | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Porwit A, Béné MC. Multiparameter flow cytometry applications in the diagnosis of mixed phenotype acute leukemia. CYTOMETRY PART B-CLINICAL CYTOMETRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cyto.b.21783 and 8193=(select (case when (8193=1440) then 8193 else (select 1440 union select 7618) end))-- wyue] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Porwit
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology and Pathology, Faculty of MedicineLund University Lund Sweden
| | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Porwit
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology and Pathology, Faculty of MedicineLund University Lund Sweden
| | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Porwit A, Béné MC. Multiparameter flow cytometry applications in the diagnosis of mixed phenotype acute leukemia. CYTOMETRY PART B-CLINICAL CYTOMETRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cyto.b.21783 order by 1-- ciuf] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Porwit
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology and Pathology, Faculty of MedicineLund University Lund Sweden
| | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Porwit
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology and Pathology, Faculty of MedicineLund University Lund Sweden
| | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Porwit
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology and Pathology, Faculty of MedicineLund University Lund Sweden
| | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Porwit A, Béné MC. Multiparameter flow cytometry applications in the diagnosis of mixed phenotype acute leukemia. CYTOMETRY PART B-CLINICAL CYTOMETRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cyto.b.21783 and (select (case when (8983=5378) then null else cast((chr(100)||chr(108)||chr(65)||chr(65)) as numeric) end)) is null] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Porwit
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology and Pathology, Faculty of MedicineLund University Lund Sweden
| | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Porwit A, Béné MC. Multiparameter flow cytometry applications in the diagnosis of mixed phenotype acute leukemia. CYTOMETRY PART B-CLINICAL CYTOMETRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cyto.b.21783 rlike (select (case when (2220=2220) then 0x31302e313030322f6379746f2e622e3231373833 else 0x28 end))] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Porwit
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology and Pathology, Faculty of MedicineLund University Lund Sweden
| | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Porwit A, Béné MC. Multiparameter flow cytometry applications in the diagnosis of mixed phenotype acute leukemia. CYTOMETRY PART B-CLINICAL CYTOMETRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cyto.b.21783 order by 1#] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Porwit
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology and Pathology, Faculty of MedicineLund University Lund Sweden
| | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Porwit A, Béné MC. Multiparameter flow cytometry applications in the diagnosis of mixed phenotype acute leukemia. CYTOMETRY PART B-CLINICAL CYTOMETRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cyto.b.21783 and (select (case when (8951=8951) then null else cast((chr(80)||chr(107)||chr(78)||chr(65)) as numeric) end)) is null] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Porwit
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology and Pathology, Faculty of MedicineLund University Lund Sweden
| | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Porwit
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology and Pathology, Faculty of MedicineLund University Lund Sweden
| | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Porwit A, Béné MC. Multiparameter flow cytometry applications in the diagnosis of mixed phenotype acute leukemia. CYTOMETRY PART B-CLINICAL CYTOMETRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cyto.b.21783 or extractvalue(1224,concat(0x5c,0x7170707871,(select (elt(1224=1224,1))),0x7162627671))-- eljp] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Porwit
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology and Pathology, Faculty of MedicineLund University Lund Sweden
| | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Porwit A, Béné MC. Multiparameter flow cytometry applications in the diagnosis of mixed phenotype acute leukemia. CYTOMETRY PART B-CLINICAL CYTOMETRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cyto.b.21783 and 5328=5155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Porwit
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology and Pathology, Faculty of MedicineLund University Lund Sweden
| | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Porwit A, Béné MC. Multiparameter flow cytometry applications in the diagnosis of mixed phenotype acute leukemia. CYTOMETRY PART B-CLINICAL CYTOMETRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cyto.b.21783 and (select (case when (8951=8951) then null else cast((chr(80)||chr(107)||chr(78)||chr(65)) as numeric) end)) is null-- fcav] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Porwit
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology and Pathology, Faculty of MedicineLund University Lund Sweden
| | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Porwit
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology and Pathology, Faculty of MedicineLund University Lund Sweden
| | | |
Collapse
|