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El-Qassas J, Abd El-Atti M, El-Badri N. Harnessing the potency of scorpion venom-derived proteins: applications in cancer therapy. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2024; 11:93. [PMID: 39361208 PMCID: PMC11450130 DOI: 10.1186/s40643-024-00805-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 10/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite breakthroughs in the development of cancer diagnosis and therapy, most current therapeutic approaches lack precise specificity and sensitivity, resulting in damage to healthy cells. Selective delivery of anti-cancer agents is thus an important goal of cancer therapy. Scorpion venom (SV) and/or body parts have been used since early civilizations for medicinal purposes, and in cultures, SV is still applied to the treatment of several diseases including cancer. SV contains numerous active micro and macromolecules with diverse pharmacological effects. These include potent anti-microbial, anti-viral, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer properties. This review focuses on the recent advances of SV-derived peptides as promising anti-cancer agents and their diagnostic and therapeutic potential applications in cancers such as glioma, breast cancer, prostate cancer, and colon cancer. Well-characterized SV-derived peptides are thus needed to serve as potent and selective adjuvant therapy for cancer, to significantly enhance the patients' survival and wellbeing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihad El-Qassas
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
- Center of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6th of October City, Giza, 12578, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Abd El-Atti
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Nagwa El-Badri
- Center of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6th of October City, Giza, 12578, Egypt.
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2
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Li Y, Zhu J, Zhai F, Kong L, Li H, Jin X. Advances in the understanding of nuclear pore complexes in human diseases. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2024; 150:374. [PMID: 39080077 PMCID: PMC11289042 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-024-05881-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) are sophisticated and dynamic protein structures that straddle the nuclear envelope and act as gatekeepers for transporting molecules between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. NPCs comprise up to 30 different proteins known as nucleoporins (NUPs). However, a growing body of research has suggested that NPCs play important roles in gene regulation, viral infections, cancer, mitosis, genetic diseases, kidney diseases, immune system diseases, and degenerative neurological and muscular pathologies. PURPOSE In this review, we introduce the structure and function of NPCs. Then We described the physiological and pathological effects of each component of NPCs which provide a direction for future clinical applications. METHODS The literatures from PubMed have been reviewed for this article. CONCLUSION This review summarizes current studies on the implications of NPCs in human physiology and pathology, highlighting the mechanistic underpinnings of NPC-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Li
- The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Health Science Center, Nngbo University, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jie Zhu
- The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fengguang Zhai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Health Science Center, Nngbo University, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lili Kong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Health Science Center, Nngbo University, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hong Li
- The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Health Science Center, Nngbo University, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Xiaofeng Jin
- The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Health Science Center, Nngbo University, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, China.
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3
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Pukkanasut P, Jaskula-Sztul R, Gomora JC, Velu SE. Therapeutic targeting of voltage-gated sodium channel Na V1.7 for cancer metastasis. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1416705. [PMID: 39045054 PMCID: PMC11263763 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1416705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
This review focuses on the expression and function of voltage-gated sodium channel subtype NaV1.7 in various cancers and explores its impact on the metastasis driving cell functions such as proliferation, migration, and invasiveness. An overview of its structural characteristics, drug binding sites, inhibitors and their likely mechanisms of action are presented. Despite the lack of clarity on the precise mechanism by which NaV1.7 contributes to cancer progression and metastasis; many studies have suggested a connection between NaV1.7 and proteins involved in multiple signaling pathways such as PKA and EGF/EGFR-ERK1/2. Moreover, the functional activity of NaV1.7 appears to elevate the expression levels of MACC1 and NHE-1, which are controlled by p38 MAPK activity, HGF/c-MET signaling and c-Jun activity. This cascade potentially enhances the secretion of extracellular matrix proteases, such as MMPs which play critical roles in cell migration and invasion activities. Furthermore, the NaV1.7 activity may indirectly upregulate Rho GTPases Rac activity, which is critical for cytoskeleton reorganization, cell adhesion, and actin polymerization. The relationship between NaV1.7 and cancer progression has prompted researchers to investigate the therapeutic potential of targeting NaV1.7 using inhibitors. The positive outcome of such studies resulted in the discovery of several inhibitors with the ability to reduce cancer cell migration, invasion, and tumor growth underscoring the significance of NaV1.7 as a promising pharmacological target for attenuating cancer cell proliferation and metastasis. The research findings summarized in this review suggest that the regulation of NaV1.7 expression and function by small molecules and/or by genetic engineering is a viable approach to discover novel therapeutics for the prevention and treatment of metastasis of cancers with elevated NaV1.7 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piyasuda Pukkanasut
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Renata Jaskula-Sztul
- Department of Surgery, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
- O’Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Juan Carlos Gomora
- Departamento de Neuropatología Molecular, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Sadanandan E. Velu
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
- O’Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
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4
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Djamgoz MBA. Electrical excitability of cancer cells-CELEX model updated. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2024:10.1007/s10555-024-10195-6. [PMID: 38976181 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-024-10195-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
The normal functioning of every cell in the body depends on its bioelectric properties and many diseases are caused by genetic and/or epigenetic dysregulation of the underlying ion channels. Metastasis, the main cause of death from cancer, is a complex multi-stage process in which cells break away from a primary tumour, invade the surrounding tissues, enter the circulation by encountering a blood vessel and spread around the body, ultimately lodging in distant organs and reproliferating to form secondary tumours leading to devastating organ failure. Such cellular behaviours are well known to involve ion channels. The CELEX model offers a novel insight to metastasis where it is the electrical excitation of the cancer cells that is responsible for their aggressive and invasive behaviour. In turn, the hyperexcitability is underpinned by concomitant upregulation of functional voltage-gated sodium channels and downregulation of voltage-gated potassium channels. Here, we update the in vitro and in vivo evidence in favour of the CELEX model for carcinomas. The results are unequivocal for the sodium channel. The potassium channel arm is also broadly supported by existing evidence although these data are complicated by the impact of the channels on the membrane potential and consequent secondary effects. Finally, consistent with the CELEX model, we show (i) that carcinomas are indeed electrically excitable and capable of generating action potentials and (ii) that combination of a sodium channel inhibitor and a potassium channel opener can produce a strong, additive anti-invasive effect. We discuss the possible clinical implications of the CELEX model in managing cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa B A Djamgoz
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
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5
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Pio-Lopez L, Levin M. Aging as a loss of morphostatic information: A developmental bioelectricity perspective. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 97:102310. [PMID: 38636560 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Maintaining order at the tissue level is crucial throughout the lifespan, as failure can lead to cancer and an accumulation of molecular and cellular disorders. Perhaps, the most consistent and pervasive result of these failures is aging, which is characterized by the progressive loss of function and decline in the ability to maintain anatomical homeostasis and reproduce. This leads to organ malfunction, diseases, and ultimately death. The traditional understanding of aging is that it is caused by the accumulation of molecular and cellular damage. In this article, we propose a complementary view of aging from the perspective of endogenous bioelectricity which has not yet been integrated into aging research. We propose a view of aging as a morphostasis defect, a loss of biophysical prepattern information, encoding anatomical setpoints used for dynamic tissue and organ homeostasis. We hypothesize that this is specifically driven by abrogation of the endogenous bioelectric signaling that normally harnesses individual cell behaviors toward the creation and upkeep of complex multicellular structures in vivo. Herein, we first describe bioelectricity as the physiological software of life, and then identify and discuss the links between bioelectricity and life extension strategies and age-related diseases. We develop a bridge between aging and regeneration via bioelectric signaling that suggests a research program for healthful longevity via morphoceuticals. Finally, we discuss the broader implications of the homologies between development, aging, cancer and regeneration and how morphoceuticals can be developed for aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Léo Pio-Lopez
- Allen Discovery Center, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA
| | - Michael Levin
- Allen Discovery Center, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA; Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Michaels AM, Zoccarato A, Hoare Z, Firth G, Chung YJ, Kuchel PW, Shah AM, Shattock MJ, Southworth R, Eykyn TR. Disrupting Na + ion homeostasis and Na +/K + ATPase activity in breast cancer cells directly modulates glycolysis in vitro and in vivo. Cancer Metab 2024; 12:15. [PMID: 38783368 PMCID: PMC11119389 DOI: 10.1186/s40170-024-00343-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glycolytic flux is regulated by the energy demands of the cell. Upregulated glycolysis in cancer cells may therefore result from increased demand for adenosine triphosphate (ATP), however it is unknown what this extra ATP turnover is used for. We hypothesise that an important contribution to the increased glycolytic flux in cancer cells results from the ATP demand of Na+/K+-ATPase (NKA) due to altered sodium ion homeostasis in cancer cells. METHODS Live whole-cell measurements of intracellular sodium [Na+]i were performed in three human breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231, HCC1954, MCF-7), in murine breast cancer cells (4T1), and control human epithelial cells MCF-10A using triple quantum filtered 23Na nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Glycolytic flux was measured by 2H NMR to monitor conversion of [6,6-2H2]D-glucose to [2H]-labelled L-lactate at baseline and in response to NKA inhibition with ouabain. Intracellular [Na+]i was titrated using isotonic buffers with varying [Na+] and [K+] and introducing an artificial Na+ plasma membrane leak using the ionophore gramicidin-A. Experiments were carried out in parallel with cell viability assays, 1H NMR metabolomics of intracellular and extracellular metabolites, extracellular flux analyses and in vivo measurements in a MDA-MB-231 human-xenograft mouse model using 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoroglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET). RESULTS Intracellular [Na+]i was elevated in human and murine breast cancer cells compared to control MCF-10A cells. Acute inhibition of NKA by ouabain resulted in elevated [Na+]i and inhibition of glycolytic flux in all three human cancer cells which are ouabain sensitive, but not in the murine cells which are ouabain resistant. Permeabilization of cell membranes with gramicidin-A led to a titratable increase of [Na+]i in MDA-MB-231 and 4T1 cells and a Na+-dependent increase in glycolytic flux. This was attenuated with ouabain in the human cells but not in the murine cells. 18FDG PET imaging in an MDA-MB-231 human-xenograft mouse model recorded lower 18FDG tumour uptake when treated with ouabain while murine tissue uptake was unaffected. CONCLUSIONS Glycolytic flux correlates with Na+-driven NKA activity in breast cancer cells, providing evidence for the 'centrality of the [Na+]i-NKA nexus' in the mechanistic basis of the Warburg effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aidan M Michaels
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St Thomas' Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Anna Zoccarato
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine and Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Zoe Hoare
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine and Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - George Firth
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St Thomas' Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Yu Jin Chung
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine and Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Philip W Kuchel
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Ajay M Shah
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine and Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Michael J Shattock
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine and Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Richard Southworth
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St Thomas' Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Thomas R Eykyn
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St Thomas' Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, UK.
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Waheed S, Ramzan K, Ahmad S, Khan MS, Wajid M, Ullah H, Umar A, Iqbal R, Ullah R, Bari A. Identification and In-Silico study of non-synonymous functional SNPs in the human SCN9A gene. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0297367. [PMID: 38394191 PMCID: PMC10889873 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0297367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Single nucleotide polymorphisms are the most common form of DNA alterations at the level of a single nucleotide in the genomic sequence. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) were carried to identify potential risk genes or genomic regions by screening for SNPs associated with disease. Recent studies have shown that SCN9A comprises the NaV1.7 subunit, Na+ channels have a gene encoding of 1988 amino acids arranged into 4 domains, all with 6 transmembrane regions, and are mainly found in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons and sympathetic ganglion neurons. Multiple forms of acute hypersensitivity conditions, such as primary erythermalgia, congenital analgesia, and paroxysmal pain syndrome have been linked to polymorphisms in the SCN9A gene. Under this study, we utilized a variety of computational tools to explore out nsSNPs that are potentially damaging to heath by modifying the structure or activity of the SCN9A protein. Over 14 potentially damaging and disease-causing nsSNPs (E1889D, L1802P, F1782V, D1778N, C1370Y, V1311M, Y1248H, F1237L, M936V, I929T, V877E, D743Y, C710W, D623H) were identified by a variety of algorithms, including SNPnexus, SNAP-2, PANTHER, PhD-SNP, SNP & GO, I-Mutant, and ConSurf. Homology modeling, structure validation, and protein-ligand interactions also were performed to confirm 5 notable substitutions (L1802P, F1782V, D1778N, V1311M, and M936V). Such nsSNPs may become the center of further studies into a variety of disorders brought by SCN9A dysfunction. Using in-silico strategies for assessing SCN9A genetic variations will aid in organizing large-scale investigations and developing targeted therapeutics for disorders linked to these variations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana Waheed
- Faculty of Life Science, Department of Zoology, University of Okara, Okara, Pakistan
| | - Kainat Ramzan
- Faculty of Life Science, Department of Biochemistry, University of Okara, Okara, Pakistan
| | - Sibtain Ahmad
- Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Institute of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Saleem Khan
- Faculty of Life Science, Department of Zoology, University of Okara, Okara, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Wajid
- Faculty of Life Science, Department of Zoology, University of Okara, Okara, Pakistan
| | - Hayat Ullah
- Department of Chemistry, University of Okara, Okara, Pakistan
| | - Ali Umar
- Faculty of Life Science, Department of Zoology, University of Okara, Okara, Pakistan
| | - Rashid Iqbal
- Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, Department of Agronomy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Riaz Ullah
- Department of Pharmacognosy College of Pharmacy King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Bari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Moreddu R. Nanotechnology and Cancer Bioelectricity: Bridging the Gap Between Biology and Translational Medicine. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2304110. [PMID: 37984883 PMCID: PMC10767462 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202304110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Bioelectricity is the electrical activity that occurs within living cells and tissues. This activity is critical for regulating homeostatic cellular function and communication, and disruptions of the same can lead to a variety of conditions, including cancer. Cancer cells are known to exhibit abnormal electrical properties compared to their healthy counterparts, and this has driven researchers to investigate the potential of harnessing bioelectricity as a tool in cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. In parallel, bioelectricity represents one of the means to gain fundamental insights on how electrical signals and charges play a role in cancer insurgence, growth, and progression. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the literature in this field, addressing the fundamentals of bioelectricity in single cancer cells, cancer cell cohorts, and cancerous tissues. The emerging role of bioelectricity in cancer proliferation and metastasis is introduced. Based on the acknowledgement that this biological information is still hard to access due to the existing gap between biological findings and translational medicine, the latest advancements in the field of nanotechnologies for cellular electrophysiology are examined, as well as the most recent developments in micro- and nano-devices for cancer diagnostics and therapy targeting bioelectricity.
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Manicka S, Pai VP, Levin M. Information integration during bioelectric regulation of morphogenesis of the embryonic frog brain. iScience 2023; 26:108398. [PMID: 38034358 PMCID: PMC10687303 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Spatiotemporal patterns of cellular resting potential regulate several aspects of development. One key aspect of the bioelectric code is that transcriptional and morphogenetic states are determined not by local, single-cell, voltage levels but by specific distributions of voltage across cell sheets. We constructed and analyzed a minimal dynamical model of collective gene expression in cells based on inputs of multicellular voltage patterns. Causal integration analysis revealed a higher-order mechanism by which information about the voltage pattern was spatiotemporally integrated into gene activity, as well as a division of labor among and between the bioelectric and genetic components. We tested and confirmed predictions of this model in a system in which bioelectric control of morphogenesis regulates gene expression and organogenesis: the embryonic brain of the frog Xenopus laevis. This study demonstrates that machine learning and computational integration approaches can advance our understanding of the information-processing underlying morphogenetic decision-making, with a potential for other applications in developmental biology and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Manicka
- Allen Discovery Center at Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA
| | - Vaibhav P. Pai
- Allen Discovery Center at Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA
| | - Michael Levin
- Allen Discovery Center at Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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10
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Malcolm JR, Sajjaboontawee N, Yerlikaya S, Plunkett-Jones C, Boxall PJ, Brackenbury WJ. Voltage-gated sodium channels, sodium transport and progression of solid tumours. CURRENT TOPICS IN MEMBRANES 2023; 92:71-98. [PMID: 38007270 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctm.2023.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
Sodium (Na+) concentration in solid tumours of different origin is highly dysregulated, and this corresponds to the aberrant expression of Na+ transporters. In particular, the α subunits of voltage gated Na+ channels (VGSCs) raise intracellular Na+ concentration ([Na+]i) in malignant cells, which influences the progression of solid tumours, predominantly driving cancer cells towards a more aggressive and metastatic phenotype. Conversely, re-expression of VGSC β subunits in cancer cells can either enhance tumour progression or promote anti-tumourigenic properties. Metastasis is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality, highlighting an important area of research which urgently requires improved therapeutic interventions. Here, we review the extent to which VGSC subunits are dysregulated in solid tumours, and consider the implications of such dysregulation on solid tumour progression. We discuss current understanding of VGSC-dependent mechanisms underlying increased invasive and metastatic potential of solid tumours, and how the complex relationship between the tumour microenvironment (TME) and VGSC expression may further drive tumour progression, in part due to the interplay of infiltrating immune cells, cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and insufficient supply of oxygen (hypoxia). Finally, we explore past and present clinical trials that investigate utilising existing VGSC modulators as potential pharmacological options to support adjuvant chemotherapies to prevent cancer recurrence. Such research demonstrates an exciting opportunity to repurpose therapeutics in order to improve the disease-free survival of patients with aggressive solid tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jodie R Malcolm
- Department of Biology, University of York, Heslington, York, United Kingdom
| | - Nattanan Sajjaboontawee
- Department of Biology, University of York, Heslington, York, United Kingdom; York Biomedical Research Institute, University of York, Heslington, York, United Kingdom
| | - Serife Yerlikaya
- Department of Biology, University of York, Heslington, York, United Kingdom; Istanbul Medipol University, Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technologies, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Peter J Boxall
- Department of Biology, University of York, Heslington, York, United Kingdom; York and Scarborough Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, York, United Kingdom
| | - William J Brackenbury
- Department of Biology, University of York, Heslington, York, United Kingdom; York Biomedical Research Institute, University of York, Heslington, York, United Kingdom.
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11
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Peña M, Mesas C, Perazzoli G, Martínez R, Porres JM, Doello K, Prados J, Melguizo C, Cabeza L. Antiproliferative, Antioxidant, Chemopreventive and Antiangiogenic Potential of Chromatographic Fractions from Anemonia sulcata with and without Its Symbiont Symbiodinium in Colorectal Cancer Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11249. [PMID: 37511009 PMCID: PMC10379856 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Anemonia sulcata may be a source of marine natural products (MNPs) due to the antioxidant and antitumor activity of its crude homogenates shown in vitro in colon cancer cells. A bioguided chromatographic fractionation assay of crude Anemonia sulcata homogenates with and without its symbiont Symbiodinium was performed to characterize their bioactive composition and further determine their biological potential for the management of colorectal cancer (CRC). The 20% fractions retained the in vitro antioxidant activity previously reported for homogenates. As such, activation of antioxidant and detoxifying enzymes was also evaluated. The 40% fractions showed the greatest antiproliferative activity in T84 cells, synergistic effects with 5-fluoruracil and oxaliplatin, overexpression of apoptosis-related proteins, cytotoxicity on tumorspheres, and antiangiogenic activity. The predominantly polar lipids and toxins tentatively identified in the 20% and 40% fractions could be related to their biological activity in colon cancer cells although further characterizations of the active fractions are necessary to isolate and purify the bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercedes Peña
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), SAS-University of Granada, 18014 Granada, Spain
| | - Cristina Mesas
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), SAS-University of Granada, 18014 Granada, Spain
| | - Gloria Perazzoli
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), SAS-University of Granada, 18014 Granada, Spain
| | - Rosario Martínez
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INyTA), Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain
| | - Jesús M Porres
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INyTA), Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain
| | - Kevin Doello
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain
- Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), SAS-University of Granada, 18014 Granada, Spain
- Medical Oncology Service, Virgen de las Nieves Hospital, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Jose Prados
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), SAS-University of Granada, 18014 Granada, Spain
| | - Consolación Melguizo
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), SAS-University of Granada, 18014 Granada, Spain
| | - Laura Cabeza
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), SAS-University of Granada, 18014 Granada, Spain
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12
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Remme CA. SCN5A channelopathy: arrhythmia, cardiomyopathy, epilepsy and beyond. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2023; 378:20220164. [PMID: 37122208 PMCID: PMC10150216 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2022.0164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Influx of sodium ions through voltage-gated sodium channels in cardiomyocytes is essential for proper electrical conduction within the heart. Both acquired conditions associated with sodium channel dysfunction (myocardial ischaemia, heart failure) as well as inherited disorders secondary to mutations in the gene SCN5A encoding for the cardiac sodium channel Nav1.5 are associated with life-threatening arrhythmias. Research in the last decade has uncovered the complex nature of Nav1.5 distribution, function, in particular within distinct subcellular subdomains of cardiomyocytes. Nav1.5-based channels furthermore display previously unrecognized non-electrogenic actions and may impact on cardiac structural integrity, leading to cardiomyopathy. Moreover, SCN5A and Nav1.5 are expressed in cell types other than cardiomyocytes as well as various extracardiac tissues, where their functional role in, e.g. epilepsy, gastrointestinal motility, cancer and the innate immune response is increasingly investigated and recognized. This review provides an overview of these novel insights and how they deepen our mechanistic knowledge on SCN5A channelopathies and Nav1.5 (dys)function. This article is part of the theme issue 'The heartbeat: its molecular basis and physiological mechanisms'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol Ann Remme
- Department of Experimental Cardiology, Heart Centre, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Heart Failure & Arrhythmias, Amsterdam UMC location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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13
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Pukkanasut P, Whitt J, Guenter R, Lynch SE, Gallegos C, Rosendo-Pineda MJ, Gomora JC, Chen H, Lin D, Sorace A, Jaskula-Sztul R, Velu SE. Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel Na V1.7 Inhibitors with Potent Anticancer Activities in Medullary Thyroid Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:2806. [PMID: 37345144 PMCID: PMC10216335 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15102806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Our results from quantitative RT-PCR, Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and the tissue microarray of medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) cell lines and patient specimens confirm that VGSC subtype NaV1.7 is uniquely expressed in aggressive MTC and not expressed in normal thyroid cells and tissues. We establish the druggability of NaV1.7 in MTC by identifying a novel inhibitor (SV188) and investigate its mode of binding and ability to inhibit INa current in NaV1.7. The whole-cell patch-clamp studies of the SV188 in the NaV1.7 channels expressed in HEK-293 cells show that SV188 inhibited the INa current in NaV1.7 with an IC50 value of 3.6 µM by a voltage- and use-dependent blockade mechanism, and the maximum inhibitory effect is observed when the channel is open. SV188 inhibited the viability of MTC cell lines, MZ-CRC-1 and TT, with IC50 values of 8.47 μM and 9.32 μM, respectively, and significantly inhibited the invasion of MZ-CRC-1 cells by 35% and 52% at 3 μM and 6 μM, respectively. In contrast, SV188 had no effect on the invasion of TT cells derived from primary tumor, which have lower basal expression of NaV1.7. In addition, SV188 at 3 μM significantly inhibited the migration of MZ-CRC-1 and TT cells by 27% and 57%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piyasuda Pukkanasut
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA;
| | - Jason Whitt
- Department of Surgery, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (J.W.); (R.G.); (H.C.)
| | - Rachael Guenter
- Department of Surgery, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (J.W.); (R.G.); (H.C.)
| | - Shannon E. Lynch
- Graduate Biomedical Sciences, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA;
- Department of Radiology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (C.G.)
| | - Carlos Gallegos
- Department of Radiology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (C.G.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Margarita Jacaranda Rosendo-Pineda
- Departamento de Neuropatología Molecular, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (M.J.R.-P.); (J.C.G.)
| | - Juan Carlos Gomora
- Departamento de Neuropatología Molecular, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (M.J.R.-P.); (J.C.G.)
| | - Herbert Chen
- Department of Surgery, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (J.W.); (R.G.); (H.C.)
- Department of Pathology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA;
| | - Diana Lin
- Department of Pathology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA;
| | - Anna Sorace
- Department of Radiology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (C.G.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- O’Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Renata Jaskula-Sztul
- Department of Surgery, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (J.W.); (R.G.); (H.C.)
- O’Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Sadanandan E. Velu
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA;
- O’Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
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14
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Chiliquinga AJ, Acosta B, Ogonaga-Borja I, Villarruel-Melquiades F, de la Garza J, Gariglio P, Ocádiz-Delgado R, Ramírez A, Sánchez-Pérez Y, García-Cuellar CM, Bañuelos C, Camacho J. Ion Channels as Potential Tools for the Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Treatment of HPV-Associated Cancers. Cells 2023; 12:1376. [PMID: 37408210 PMCID: PMC10217072 DOI: 10.3390/cells12101376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The human papilloma virus (HPV) group comprises approximately 200 genetic types that have a special affinity for epithelial tissues and can vary from producing benign symptoms to developing into complicated pathologies, such as cancer. The HPV replicative cycle affects various cellular and molecular processes, including DNA insertions and methylation and relevant pathways related to pRb and p53, as well as ion channel expression or function. Ion channels are responsible for the flow of ions across cell membranes and play very important roles in human physiology, including the regulation of ion homeostasis, electrical excitability, and cell signaling. However, when ion channel function or expression is altered, the channels can trigger a wide range of channelopathies, including cancer. In consequence, the up- or down-regulation of ion channels in cancer makes them attractive molecular markers for the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of the disease. Interestingly, the activity or expression of several ion channels is dysregulated in HPV-associated cancers. Here, we review the status of ion channels and their regulation in HPV-associated cancers and discuss the potential molecular mechanisms involved. Understanding the dynamics of ion channels in these cancers should help to improve early diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment in the benefit of HPV-associated cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Brenda Acosta
- Grupo de Investigación de Ciencias en Red, Universidad Técnica del Norte, Ibarra 100105, Ecuador
- Departamento de Farmacología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Ciudad de Mexico CP 07360, Mexico
| | - Ingrid Ogonaga-Borja
- Grupo de Investigación de Ciencias en Red, Universidad Técnica del Norte, Ibarra 100105, Ecuador
- Departamento de Farmacología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Ciudad de Mexico CP 07360, Mexico
| | - Fernanda Villarruel-Melquiades
- Departamento de Farmacología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Ciudad de Mexico CP 07360, Mexico
| | - Jaime de la Garza
- Unidad de Oncología Torácica y Laboratorio de Medicina Personalizada, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INCan), Tlalpan, Ciudad de Mexico CP 14080, Mexico
| | - Patricio Gariglio
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Ciudad de Mexico CP 07360, Mexico
| | - Rodolfo Ocádiz-Delgado
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Ciudad de Mexico CP 07360, Mexico
| | - Ana Ramírez
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Calzada Universidad 14418, Tijuana 22390, Mexico
| | - Yesennia Sánchez-Pérez
- Subdirección de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INCan), Tlalpan, Ciudad de Mexico CP 14080, Mexico
| | - Claudia M. García-Cuellar
- Subdirección de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INCan), Tlalpan, Ciudad de Mexico CP 14080, Mexico
| | - Cecilia Bañuelos
- Programa Transdisciplinario en Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico para la Sociedad, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Ciudad de Mexico CP 07360, Mexico
| | - Javier Camacho
- Departamento de Farmacología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Ciudad de Mexico CP 07360, Mexico
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15
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Pio-Lopez L, Levin M. Morphoceuticals: perspectives for discovery of drugs targeting anatomical control mechanisms in regenerative medicine, cancer and aging. Drug Discov Today 2023; 28:103585. [PMID: 37059328 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2023.103585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Morphoceuticals are a new class of interventions that target the setpoints of anatomical homeostasis for efficient, modular control of growth and form. Here, we focus on a subclass: electroceuticals, which specifically target the cellular bioelectrical interface. Cellular collectives in all tissues form bioelectrical networks via ion channels and gap junctions that process morphogenetic information, controlling gene expression and allowing cell networks to adaptively and dynamically control growth and pattern formation. Recent progress in understanding this physiological control system, including predictive computational models, suggests that targeting bioelectrical interfaces can control embryogenesis and maintain shape against injury, senescence and tumorigenesis. We propose a roadmap for drug discovery focused on manipulating endogenous bioelectric signaling for regenerative medicine, cancer suppression and antiaging therapeutics. Teaser: By taking advantage of the native problem-solving competencies of cells and tissues, a new kind of top-down approach to biomedicine becomes possible. Bioelectricity offers an especially tractable interface for interventions targeting the software of life for regenerative medicine applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Léo Pio-Lopez
- Allen Discovery Center, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA
| | - Michael Levin
- Allen Discovery Center, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA; Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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16
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Abed T, Ganser K, Eckert F, Stransky N, Huber SM. Ion channels as molecular targets of glioblastoma electrotherapy. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1133984. [PMID: 37006466 PMCID: PMC10064067 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1133984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Therapies with weak, non-ionizing electromagnetic fields comprise FDA-approved treatments such as Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields) that are used for adjuvant therapy of glioblastoma. In vitro data and animal models suggest a variety of biological TTFields effects. In particular, effects ranging from direct tumoricidal, radio- or chemotherapy-sensitizing, metastatic spread-inhibiting, up to immunostimulation have been described. Diverse underlying molecular mechanisms, such as dielectrophoresis of cellular compounds during cytokinesis, disturbing the formation of the spindle apparatus during mitosis, and perforating the plasma membrane have been proposed. Little attention, however, has been paid to molecular structures that are predestinated to percept electromagnetic fields-the voltage sensors of voltage-gated ion channels. The present review article briefly summarizes the mode of action of voltage sensing by ion channels. Moreover, it introduces into the perception of ultra-weak electric fields by specific organs of fishes with voltage-gated ion channels as key functional units therein. Finally, this article provides an overview of the published data on modulation of ion channel function by diverse external electromagnetic field protocols. Combined, these data strongly point to a function of voltage-gated ion channels as transducers between electricity and biology and, hence, to voltage-gated ion channels as primary targets of electrotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tayeb Abed
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Katrin Ganser
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Franziska Eckert
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nicolai Stransky
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Stephan M. Huber
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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17
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Karthik N, Lee JJH, Soon JLJ, Chiu HY, Loh AHP, Ong DST, Tam WL, Taneja R. Histone variant H3.3 promotes metastasis in alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma. J Pathol 2023; 259:342-356. [PMID: 36573560 DOI: 10.1002/path.6048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The relatively quiet mutational landscape of rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) suggests that epigenetic deregulation could be central to oncogenesis and tumour aggressiveness. Histone variants have long been recognised as important epigenetic regulators of gene expression. However, the role of histone variants in RMS has not been studied hitherto. In this study, we show that histone variant H3.3 is overexpressed in alveolar RMS (ARMS), an aggressive subtype of RMS. Functionally, knockdown of H3F3A, which encodes for H3.3, significantly impairs the ability of ARMS cells to undertake migration and invasion and reduces Rho activation. In addition, a striking reduction in metastatic tumour burden and improved survival is apparent in vivo. Using RNA-sequencing and ChIP-sequencing analyses, we identified melanoma cell adhesion molecule (MCAM/CD146) as a direct downstream target of H3.3. Loss of H3.3 resulted in a reduction in the presence of active marks and an increase in the occupancy of H1 at the MCAM promoter. Cell migration and invasion were rescued in H3F3A-depleted cells through MCAM overexpression. Moreover, we identified G9a, a lysine methyltransferase encoded by EHMT2, as an upstream regulator of H3F3A. Therefore, this study identifies a novel H3.3 dependent axis involved in ARMS metastasis. These findings establish the potential of MCAM as a therapeutic target for high-risk ARMS patients. © 2022 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nandini Karthik
- Department of Physiology, Healthy Longevity and NUS Cancer Centre for Cancer Research Translation Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jane Jia Hui Lee
- Genome Institute of Singapore (GIS), Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Joshua Ling Jun Soon
- Department of Physiology, Healthy Longevity and NUS Cancer Centre for Cancer Research Translation Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hsin Yao Chiu
- Department of Physiology, Healthy Longevity and NUS Cancer Centre for Cancer Research Translation Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Amos Hong Pheng Loh
- VIVA-KKH Paediatric Brain and Solid Tumour Programme, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Derrick Sek Tong Ong
- Department of Physiology and NUS Center for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wai Leong Tam
- Genome Institute of Singapore (GIS), Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Reshma Taneja
- Department of Physiology, Healthy Longevity and NUS Cancer Centre for Cancer Research Translation Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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18
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Fairhurst C, Martin F, Watt I, Bland M, Doran T, Brackenbury WJ. Sodium channel-inhibiting drugs and cancer-specific survival: a population-based study of electronic primary care data. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e064376. [PMID: 36737094 PMCID: PMC9900071 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-064376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Antiepileptic and antiarrhythmic drugs inhibit voltage-gated sodium (Na+) channels (VGSCs), and preclinical studies show that these medications reduce tumour growth, invasion and metastasis. We investigated the association between VGSC inhibitor use and survival in patients with breast, bowel and prostate cancer. DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. SETTING Individual electronic primary healthcare records extracted from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink. PARTICIPANTS Records for 132 996 patients with a diagnosis of breast, bowel or prostate cancer. OUTCOME MEASURES Adjusted Cox proportional hazards regression was used to analyse cancer-specific survival associated with exposure to VGSC inhibitors. Exposure to non-VGSC-inhibiting antiepileptic medication and other non-VGSC blockers were also considered. Drug exposure was treated as a time-varying covariate to account for immortal time bias. RESULTS During 1 002 225 person-years of follow-up, there were 42 037 cancer-specific deaths. 53 724 (40.4%) patients with cancer had at least one prescription for a VGSC inhibitor of interest. Increased risk of cancer-specific mortality was associated with exposure to this group of drugs (HR 1.59, 95% CI 1.56 to 1.63, p<0.001). This applied to VGSC-inhibiting tricyclic antidepressants (HR 1.61, 95% CI 1.50 to 1.65, p<0.001), local anaesthetics (HR 1.49, 95% CI 1.43 to 1.55, p<0.001) and anticonvulsants (HR 1.40, 95% CI 1.34 to 1.48, p<0.001) and persisted in sensitivity analyses. In contrast, exposure to VGSC-inhibiting class 1c and 1d antiarrhythmics was associated with significantly improved cancer-specific survival (HR 0.75, 95% CI 0.64 to 0.88, p<0.001 and HR 0.54, 95% CI 0.33 to 0.88, p=0.01, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Association between VGSC inhibitor use and mortality in patients with cancer varies according to indication. Exposure to VGSC-inhibiting antiarrhythmics, but not anticonvulsants, supports findings from preclinical data, with improved survival. However, additional confounding factors may underlie these associations, highlighting the need for further study.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fabiola Martin
- University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ian Watt
- Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | | | - Tim Doran
- Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
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19
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Han Y, Drobisch P, Krüger A, William D, Grützmann K, Böthig L, Polster H, Seifert L, Seifert AM, Distler M, Pecqueux M, Riediger C, Plodeck V, Nebelung H, Weber GF, Pilarsky C, Kahlert U, Hinz U, Roth S, Hackert T, Weitz J, Wong FC, Kahlert C. Plasma extracellular vesicle messenger RNA profiling identifies prognostic EV signature for non-invasive risk stratification for survival prediction of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. J Hematol Oncol 2023; 16:7. [PMID: 36737824 PMCID: PMC9896775 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-023-01404-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prognosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most dismal of all cancers and the median survival of PDAC patients is only 6-8 months after diagnosis. While decades of research effort have been focused on early diagnosis and understanding of molecular mechanisms, few clinically useful markers have been universally applied. To improve the treatment and management of PDAC, it is equally relevant to identify prognostic factors for optimal therapeutic decision-making and patient survival. Compelling evidence have suggested the potential use of extracellular vesicles (EVs) as non-invasive biomarkers for PDAC. The aim of this study was thus to identify non-invasive plasma-based EV biomarkers for the prediction of PDAC patient survival after surgery. METHODS Plasma EVs were isolated from a total of 258 PDAC patients divided into three independent cohorts (discovery, training and validation). RNA sequencing was first employed to identify differentially-expressed EV mRNA candidates from the discovery cohort (n = 65) by DESeq2 tool. The candidates were tested in a training cohort (n = 91) by digital droplet polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR). Cox regression models and Kaplan-Meier analyses were used to build an EV signature which was subsequently validated on a multicenter cohort (n = 83) by ddPCR. RESULTS Transcriptomic profiling of plasma EVs revealed differentially-expressed mRNAs between long-term and short-term PDAC survivors, which led to 10 of the top-ranked candidate EV mRNAs being tested on an independent training cohort with ddPCR. The results of ddPCR enabled an establishment of a novel prognostic EV mRNA signature consisting of PPP1R12A, SCN7A and SGCD for risk stratification of PDAC patients. Based on the EV mRNA signature, PDAC patients with high risk displayed reduced overall survival (OS) rates compared to those with low risk in the training cohort (p = 0.014), which was successfully validated on another independent cohort (p = 0.024). Interestingly, the combination of our signature and tumour stage yielded a superior prognostic performance (p = 0.008) over the signature (p = 0.022) or tumour stage (p = 0.016) alone. It is noteworthy that the EV mRNA signature was demonstrated to be an independent unfavourable predictor for PDAC prognosis. CONCLUSION This study provides a novel and non-invasive prognostic EV mRNA signature for risk stratification and survival prediction of PDAC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Han
- Department of Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Pascal Drobisch
- Department of Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Alexander Krüger
- Core Unit for Molecular Tumour Diagnostics, National Center for Tumour Diseases, Dresden, Germany
| | - Doreen William
- Core Unit for Molecular Tumour Diagnostics, National Center for Tumour Diseases, Dresden, Germany
| | - Konrad Grützmann
- Core Unit for Molecular Tumour Diagnostics, National Center for Tumour Diseases, Dresden, Germany
| | - Lukas Böthig
- Department of Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Heike Polster
- Department of Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Lena Seifert
- Department of Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,National Center for Tumour Diseases, Partner Site Dresden, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Adrian M Seifert
- Department of Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,National Center for Tumour Diseases, Partner Site Dresden, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marius Distler
- Department of Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,National Center for Tumour Diseases, Partner Site Dresden, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mathieu Pecqueux
- Department of Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,National Center for Tumour Diseases, Partner Site Dresden, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Carina Riediger
- Department of Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,National Center for Tumour Diseases, Partner Site Dresden, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Verena Plodeck
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Carl Gustav Carus University Hospital Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Heiner Nebelung
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Carl Gustav Carus University Hospital Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Georg F Weber
- Department of Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | - Ulf Kahlert
- Molecular and Experimental Surgery, University Clinic for General-, Visceral-, Vascular- and Transplantation Surgery, Medical Faculty University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Ulf Hinz
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Susanne Roth
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thilo Hackert
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Weitz
- Department of Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,National Center for Tumour Diseases, Partner Site Dresden, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Fang Cheng Wong
- Department of Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Christoph Kahlert
- Department of Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany. .,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany. .,National Center for Tumour Diseases, Partner Site Dresden, Heidelberg, Germany.
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20
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Ion Channels in Gliomas-From Molecular Basis to Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032530. [PMID: 36768856 PMCID: PMC9916861 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Ion channels provide the basis for the nervous system's intrinsic electrical activity. Neuronal excitability is a characteristic property of neurons and is critical for all functions of the nervous system. Glia cells fulfill essential supportive roles, but unlike neurons, they also retain the ability to divide. This can lead to uncontrolled growth and the formation of gliomas. Ion channels are involved in the unique biology of gliomas pertaining to peritumoral pathology and seizures, diffuse invasion, and treatment resistance. The emerging picture shows ion channels in the brain at the crossroads of neurophysiology and fundamental pathophysiological processes of specific cancer behaviors as reflected by uncontrolled proliferation, infiltration, resistance to apoptosis, metabolism, and angiogenesis. Ion channels are highly druggable, making them an enticing therapeutic target. Targeting ion channels in difficult-to-treat brain tumors such as gliomas requires an understanding of their extremely heterogenous tumor microenvironment and highly diverse molecular profiles, both representing major causes of recurrence and treatment resistance. In this review, we survey the current knowledge on ion channels with oncogenic behavior within the heterogeneous group of gliomas, review ion channel gene expression as genomic biomarkers for glioma prognosis and provide an update on therapeutic perspectives for repurposed and novel ion channel inhibitors and electrotherapy.
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21
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Erdogan MA, Yuca E, Ashour A, Gurbuz N, Sencan S, Ozpolat B. SCN5A promotes the growth and lung metastasis of triple-negative breast cancer through EF2-kinase signaling. Life Sci 2023; 313:121282. [PMID: 36526045 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mumin Alper Erdogan
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, Unit 1950, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Erkan Yuca
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, Unit 1950, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ahmed Ashour
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, Unit 1950, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nilgun Gurbuz
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, Unit 1950, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sevide Sencan
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, Unit 1950, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Bulent Ozpolat
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, Unit 1950, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Nanomedicine, Innovative Cancer Therapeutics, Dr. Marr and Roy Neil Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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22
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Edenfield S, Sims AM, Porretta C, Gould HJ, Paul D. Effect of Cell Cycle on Cell Surface Expression of Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels and Na +,K +-ATPase. Cells 2022; 11:cells11203240. [PMID: 36291108 PMCID: PMC9600173 DOI: 10.3390/cells11203240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs) are the target for many therapies. Variation in membrane potential occurs throughout the cell cycle, yet little attention has been devoted to the role of VGSCs and Na+,K+-ATPases. We hypothesized that in addition to doubling DNA and cell membrane in anticipation of cell division, there should be a doubling of VGSCs and Na+,K+-ATPase compared to non-dividing cells. We tested this hypothesis in eight immortalized cell lines by correlating immunocytofluorescent labeling of VGSCs or Na+,K+-ATPase with propidium iodide or DAPI fluorescence using flow cytometry and imaging. Cell surface expression of VGSCs during phases S through M was double that seen during phases G0–G1. By contrast, Na+,K+-ATPase expression increased only 1.5-fold. The increases were independent of baseline expression of channels or pumps. The variation in VGSC and Na+,K+-ATPase expression has implications for both our understanding of sodium’s role in controlling the cell cycle and variability of treatments targeted at these components of the Na+ handling system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Edenfield
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Abigail M. Sims
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Constance Porretta
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Harry J. Gould
- Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Neuroscience Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Correspondence: (H.J.G.III); (D.P.)
| | - Dennis Paul
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Neuroscience Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Dental and Craniofacial Biology Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70119, USA
- Correspondence: (H.J.G.III); (D.P.)
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23
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Sharudin NA, Murtadha Noor Din AH, Azahar II, Azlan MM, Yaacob NS, Sarmiento ME, Dominguez AA, Mokhtar NF. Invasion and Metastasis Suppression by Anti-Neonatal Nav1.5 Antibodies in Breast Cancer. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2022; 23:2953-2964. [PMID: 36172657 PMCID: PMC9810324 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2022.23.9.2953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Detectable neonatal Nav1.5 (nNav1.5) expression in tumour breast tissue positive for lymph node metastasis and triple-negative subtype serves as a valid tumour-associated antigen to target and prevent breast cancer invasion and metastasis. Therapeutic antibodies against tumour antigens have become the predominant class of new drugs in cancer therapy because of their fewer adverse effects and high specificity. OBJECTIVE This study was designed to investigate the therapeutic and anti-metastatic potential of the two newly obtained anti-nNav1.5 antibodies, polyclonal anti-nNav1.5 (pAb-nNav1.5) and monoclonal anti-nNav1.5 (mAb-nNav1.5), on breast cancer invasion and metastasis. METHODS MDA-MB-231 and 4T1 cells were used as in vitro models to study the effect of pAb-nNav1.5 (59.2 µg/ml) and mAb-nNav1.5 (10 µg/ml) (24 hours treatment) on cell invasion. 4T1-induced mammary tumours in BALB/c female mice were used as an in vivo model to study the effect of a single dose of intravenous pAb-nNav1.5 (1 mg/ml) and mAb-nNav1.5 (1 mg/ml) on the occurrence of metastasis. Real-time PCR and immunofluorescence staining were conducted to assess the effect of antibody treatment on nNav1.5 mRNA and protein expression, respectively. The animals' body weight, organs, lesions, and tumour mass were also measured and compared. RESULTS pAb-nNav1.5 and mAb-nNav1.5 treatments effectively suppressed the invasion of MDA-MB-231 and 4T1 cells in the 3D spheroid invasion assay. Both antibodies significantly reduced nNav1.5 gene and protein expression in these cell lines. Treatment with pAb-nNav1.5 and mAb-nNav1.5 successfully reduced mammary tumour tissue size and mass and prevented lesions in vital organs of the mammary tumour animal model whilst maintaining the animal's healthy weight. mRNA expression of nNav1.5 in mammary tumour tissues was only reduced by mAb-nNav1.5. CONCLUSION Overall, this work verifies the uniqueness of targeting nNav1.5 in breast cancer invasion and metastasis prevention, but more importantly, humanised versions of mAb-nNav1.5 may be valuable passive immunotherapeutic agents to target nNav1.5 in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Aishah Sharudin
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
| | - Ahmad Hafiz Murtadha Noor Din
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
| | - Irfan Irsyad Azahar
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
| | - Mawaddah Mohd Azlan
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
| | - Nik Soriani Yaacob
- Department of Chemical Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
| | - Maria Elena Sarmiento
- School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
| | - Armando Acosta Dominguez
- School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
| | - Noor Fatmawati Mokhtar
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia. ,For Correspondence:
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24
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Katsuta E, Takabe K, Vujcic M, Gottlieb PA, Dai T, Mercado-Perez A, Beyder A, Wang Q, Opyrchal M. Mechano-Sensing Channel PIEZO2 Enhances Invasive Phenotype in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:9909. [PMID: 36077309 PMCID: PMC9455988 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mechanically gated PIEZO channels lead to an influx of cations, activation of additional Ca2+ channels, and cell depolarization. This study aimed to investigate PIEZO2's role in breast cancer. METHODS The clinical relevance of PIEZO2 expression in breast cancer patient was analyzed in a publicly available dataset. Utilizing PIEZO2 overexpressed breast cancer cells, and in vitro and in vivo experiments were conducted. RESULTS High expression of PIEZO2 was correlated with a worse survival in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) but not in other subtypes. Increased PEIZO2 channel function was confirmed in PIEZO2 overexpressed cells after mechanical stimulation. PIEZO2 overexpressed cells showed increased motility and invasive phenotypes as well as higher expression of SNAIL and Vimentin and lower expression of E-cadherin in TNBC cells. Correspondingly, high expression of PIEZO2 was correlated with the increased expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related genes in a TNBC patient. Activated Akt signaling was observed in PIEZO2 overexpressed TNBC cells. PIEZO2 overexpressed MDA-MB-231 cells formed a significantly higher number of lung metastases after orthotopic implantation. CONCLUSION PIEZO2 activation led to enhanced SNAIL stabilization through Akt activation. It enhanced Vimentin and repressed E-cadherin transcription, resulting in increased metastatic potential and poor clinical outcomes in TNBC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eriko Katsuta
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Kazuaki Takabe
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
- Department of Surgery, University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
- Department of Breast Surgery and Oncology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo 160-8402, Japan
- Department of Surgery, Yokohama City University, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
- Department of Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
| | - Marija Vujcic
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Philip A. Gottlieb
- Physiology and Biophysics, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - Tao Dai
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Arnaldo Mercado-Perez
- Enteric Neuroscience Program, Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Arthur Beyder
- Enteric Neuroscience Program, Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Qingfei Wang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Mateusz Opyrchal
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
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25
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Nav1.6 promotes the progression of human follicular thyroid carcinoma cells via JAK-STAT signaling pathway. Pathol Res Pract 2022; 236:153984. [PMID: 35753135 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2022.153984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) is one of the most common malignant tumors of the endocrine system. Recent studies have shown that voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs) affect the proliferation, migration, and invasion of tumor cells. However, the expression and functions of VGSCs, and the molecular pathways activated by VGSCs in FTC cells remain unclear. Our studies revealed that the expression of Nav1.6, encoded by SCN8A, was the predominantly upregulated subtype of VGSCs in FTC tissues. Knockdown of Nav1.6 significantly inhibited the proliferation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition and invasiveness of FTC cells. Using gene set enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomics, SCN8A was predicted to be related to the JAK-STAT signaling pathway. Hence, we targeted the JAK-STAT pathway and demonstrated that Nav1.6 enhanced FTC cell proliferation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and invasion by phosphorylating JAK2 to activate STAT3. Furthermore, downregulating the expression of Nav1.6 improve the susceptibility of FTC cells to ubenimex in vitro. These results suggest Nav1.6 accelerates FTC progression through JAK/STAT signaling and may be a potential target for FTC therapy.
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26
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Massó-Vallés D, Beaulieu ME, Jauset T, Giuntini F, Zacarías-Fluck MF, Foradada L, Martínez-Martín S, Serrano E, Martín-Fernández G, Casacuberta-Serra S, Castillo Cano V, Kaur J, López-Estévez S, Morcillo MÁ, Alzrigat M, Mahmoud L, Luque-García A, Escorihuela M, Guzman M, Arribas J, Serra V, Larsson LG, Whitfield JR, Soucek L. MYC Inhibition Halts Metastatic Breast Cancer Progression by Blocking Growth, Invasion, and Seeding. CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2022; 2:110-130. [PMID: 36860495 PMCID: PMC9973395 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-21-0103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
MYC's role in promoting tumorigenesis is beyond doubt, but its function in the metastatic process is still controversial. Omomyc is a MYC dominant negative that has shown potent antitumor activity in multiple cancer cell lines and mouse models, regardless of their tissue of origin or driver mutations, by impacting on several of the hallmarks of cancer. However, its therapeutic efficacy against metastasis has not been elucidated yet. Here we demonstrate for the first time that MYC inhibition by transgenic Omomyc is efficacious against all breast cancer molecular subtypes, including triple-negative breast cancer, where it displays potent antimetastatic properties both in vitro and in vivo. Importantly, pharmacologic treatment with the recombinantly produced Omomyc miniprotein, recently entering a clinical trial in solid tumors, recapitulates several key features of expression of the Omomyc transgene, confirming its clinical applicability to metastatic breast cancer, including advanced triple-negative breast cancer, a disease in urgent need of better therapeutic options. Significance While MYC role in metastasis has been long controversial, this manuscript demonstrates that MYC inhibition by either transgenic expression or pharmacologic use of the recombinantly produced Omomyc miniprotein exerts antitumor and antimetastatic activity in breast cancer models in vitro and in vivo, suggesting its clinical applicability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Massó-Vallés
- Preclinical & Translational Research Program, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, C/ Natzaret, Barcelona, Spain.,Peptomyc S.L., Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Marie-Eve Beaulieu
- Preclinical & Translational Research Program, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, C/ Natzaret, Barcelona, Spain.,Peptomyc S.L., Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Toni Jauset
- Preclinical & Translational Research Program, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, C/ Natzaret, Barcelona, Spain.,Peptomyc S.L., Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Fabio Giuntini
- Preclinical & Translational Research Program, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, C/ Natzaret, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mariano F. Zacarías-Fluck
- Preclinical & Translational Research Program, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, C/ Natzaret, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laia Foradada
- Peptomyc S.L., Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sandra Martínez-Martín
- Preclinical & Translational Research Program, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, C/ Natzaret, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Erika Serrano
- Preclinical & Translational Research Program, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, C/ Natzaret, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Génesis Martín-Fernández
- Preclinical & Translational Research Program, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, C/ Natzaret, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Jastrinjan Kaur
- Preclinical & Translational Research Program, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, C/ Natzaret, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Miguel Ángel Morcillo
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mohammad Alzrigat
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Loay Mahmoud
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Antonio Luque-García
- Preclinical & Translational Research Program, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, C/ Natzaret, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Escorihuela
- Preclinical & Translational Research Program, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, C/ Natzaret, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Guzman
- Preclinical & Translational Research Program, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, C/ Natzaret, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joaquín Arribas
- Preclinical & Translational Research Program, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, C/ Natzaret, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.,Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Violeta Serra
- Preclinical & Translational Research Program, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, C/ Natzaret, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lars-Gunnar Larsson
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jonathan R. Whitfield
- Preclinical & Translational Research Program, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, C/ Natzaret, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Soucek
- Preclinical & Translational Research Program, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, C/ Natzaret, Barcelona, Spain.,Peptomyc S.L., Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.,Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain.,Corresponding Author: Laura Soucek, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), C/ Natzaret, 115-117, CELLEX Centre, Barcelona 08035, Spain. Phone: 349-3254-3450; E-mail:
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27
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Discovering the Triad between Nav1.5, Breast Cancer, and the Immune System: A Fundamental Review and Future Perspectives. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12020310. [PMID: 35204811 PMCID: PMC8869595 DOI: 10.3390/biom12020310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Nav1.5 is one of the nine voltage-gated sodium channel-alpha subunit (VGSC-α) family members. The Nav1.5 channel typically carries an inward sodium ion current that depolarises the membrane potential during the upstroke of the cardiac action potential. The neonatal isoform of Nav1.5, nNav1.5, is produced via VGSC-α alternative splicing. nNav1.5 is known to potentiate breast cancer metastasis. Despite their well-known biological functions, the immunological perspectives of these channels are poorly explored. The current review has attempted to summarise the triad between Nav1.5 (nNav1.5), breast cancer, and the immune system. To date, there is no such review available that encompasses these three components as most reviews focus on the molecular and pharmacological prospects of Nav1.5. This review is divided into three major subsections: (1) the review highlights the roles of Nav1.5 and nNav1.5 in potentiating the progression of breast cancer, (2) focuses on the general connection between breast cancer and the immune system, and finally (3) the review emphasises the involvements of Nav1.5 and nNav1.5 in the functionality of the immune system and the immunogenicity. Compared to the other subsections, section three is pretty unexploited; it would be interesting to study this subsection as it completes the triad.
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28
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Ion Channel Involvement in Tumor Drug Resistance. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12020210. [PMID: 35207698 PMCID: PMC8878471 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12020210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Over 90% of deaths in cancer patients are attributed to tumor drug resistance. Resistance to therapeutic agents can be due to an innate property of cancer cells or can be acquired during chemotherapy. In recent years, it has become increasingly clear that regulation of membrane ion channels is an important mechanism in the development of chemoresistance. Here, we review the contribution of ion channels in drug resistance of various types of cancers, evaluating their potential in clinical management. Several molecular mechanisms have been proposed, including evasion of apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, decreased drug accumulation in cancer cells, and activation of alternative escape pathways such as autophagy. Each of these mechanisms leads to a reduction of the therapeutic efficacy of administered drugs, causing more difficulty in cancer treatment. Thus, targeting ion channels might represent a good option for adjuvant therapies in order to counteract chemoresistance development.
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29
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Zhang H, Gu J, Qu M, Sun Z, Huang Q, Cata JP, Chen W, Miao C. Effects of Intravenous Infusion of Lidocaine on Short-Term Outcomes and Survival in Patients Undergoing Surgery for Ovarian Cancer: A Retrospective Propensity Score Matching Study. Front Oncol 2022; 11:689832. [PMID: 35070949 PMCID: PMC8770535 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.689832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Intravenous lidocaine has been shown to reduce opioid consumption and is associated with favourable outcomes after surgery. In this study, we explored whether intraoperative lidocaine reduces intraoperative opioid use and length of stay (LOS) and improves long-term survival after primary debulking surgery for ovarian cancer and explored the correlation between SCN9A expression and ovarian cancer prognosis. Methods This retrospective study included patients who underwent primary debulking surgery(PDS) for ovarian cancer from January 2015 to December 2018. The patients were divided into non-lidocaine and lidocaine [bolus injection of 1.5 mg/kg lidocaine at the induction of anaesthesia followed by a continuous infusion of 2 mg/(kg∙h) intraoperatively] groups. Intraoperative opioid consumption, the verbal numeric rating scale (VNRS) at rest and LOS were recorded. Propensity score matching was used to minimize bias, and disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were compared between the two groups. Results After propensity score matching(PSM), the demographics were not significantly different between the groups. The intraoperative sufentanil consumption in the lidocaine group was significantly lower than that in the non-lidocaine group (Mean: 35.6 μg vs. 43.2 μg, P=0.035). LOS was similar between the groups (12.0 days vs. 12.4 days, P=0.386). There was a significant difference in DFS between the groups (32.3% vs. 21.6%, P=0.015), and OS rates were significantly higher in the lidocaine group than in the non-lidocaine group (35.2% vs. 25.6%, P=0.042). Multivariate analysis indicated that intraoperative lidocaine infusion was associated with prolonged OS and DFS. Conclusion Intraoperative intravenous lidocaine infusion appears to be associated with improved OS and DFS in patients undergoing primary debulking surgery for ovarian cancer. Our study has the limitations of a retrospective review. Hence, our results should be confirmed by a prospective randomized controlled trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiahui Gu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengdi Qu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhirong Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Centre, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qihong Huang
- Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Respiratory Research Institute, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Clinical Sciences, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Juan P Cata
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston, TX, United States.,Anesthesiology and Surgical Oncology Research Group, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Wankun Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Changhong Miao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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30
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Fnu G, Weber GF. Alterations of Ion Homeostasis in Cancer Metastasis: Implications for Treatment. Front Oncol 2022; 11:765329. [PMID: 34988012 PMCID: PMC8721045 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.765329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously reported that metastases from all malignancies are characterized by a core program of gene expression that suppresses extracellular matrix interactions, induces vascularization/tissue remodeling, activates the oxidative metabolism, and alters ion homeostasis. Among these features, the least elucidated component is ion homeostasis. Here we review the literature with the goal to infer a better mechanistic understanding of the progression-associated ionic alterations and identify the most promising drugs for treatment. Cancer metastasis is accompanied by skewing in calcium, zinc, copper, potassium, sodium and chloride homeostasis. Membrane potential changes and water uptake through Aquaporins may also play roles. Drug candidates to reverse these alterations are at various stages of testing, with some having entered clinical trials. Challenges to their utilization comprise differences among tumor types and the involvement of multiple ions in each case. Further, adverse effects may become a concern, as channel blockers, chelators, or supplemented ions will affect healthy and transformed cells alike.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulimirerouzi Fnu
- College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati Academic Health Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Georg F Weber
- College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati Academic Health Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
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31
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Ranolazine: An Old Drug with Emerging Potential; Lessons from Pre-Clinical and Clinical Investigations for Possible Repositioning. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 15:ph15010031. [PMID: 35056088 PMCID: PMC8777683 DOI: 10.3390/ph15010031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease is a significant public health problem with high mortality and morbidity. Extensive scientific investigations from basic sciences to clinics revealed multilevel alterations from metabolic imbalance, altered electrophysiology, and defective Ca2+/Na+ homeostasis leading to lethal arrhythmias. Despite the recent identification of numerous molecular targets with potential therapeutic interest, a pragmatic observation on the current pharmacological R&D output confirms the lack of new therapeutic offers to patients. By contrast, from recent trials, molecules initially developed for other fields of application have shown cardiovascular benefits, as illustrated with some anti-diabetic agents, regardless of the presence or absence of diabetes, emphasizing the clear advantage of “old” drug repositioning. Ranolazine is approved as an antianginal agent and has a favorable overall safety profile. This drug, developed initially as a metabolic modulator, was also identified as an inhibitor of the cardiac late Na+ current, although it also blocks other ionic currents, including the hERG/Ikr K+ current. The latter actions have been involved in this drug’s antiarrhythmic effects, both on supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias (VA). However, despite initial enthusiasm and promising development in the cardiovascular field, ranolazine is only authorized as a second-line treatment in patients with chronic angina pectoris, notwithstanding its antiarrhythmic properties. A plausible reason for this is the apparent difficulty in linking the clinical benefits to the multiple molecular actions of this drug. Here, we review ranolazine’s experimental and clinical knowledge on cardiac metabolism and arrhythmias. We also highlight advances in understanding novel effects on neurons, the vascular system, skeletal muscles, blood sugar control, and cancer, which may open the way to reposition this “old” drug alone or in combination with other medications.
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32
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Lim XR, Bradley E, Griffin CS, Hollywood MA, Sergeant GP, Thornbury KD. Fast voltage-dependent sodium (Na V ) currents are functionally expressed in mouse corpus cavernosum smooth muscle cells. Br J Pharmacol 2021; 179:1082-1101. [PMID: 34767251 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Corpus cavernosum smooth muscle (CCSM) exhibits phasic contractions that are coordinated by ion channels. Mouse models are commonly used to study erectile dysfunction, but there are few published electrophysiological studies of mouse CCSM. We describe, for the first time, voltage-dependent sodium (NaV ) currents in mouse CCSM and investigate their function. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Electrophysiological, pharmacological, and immunocytochemical studies on isolated CCSM cells. Tension measurements in whole tissue. KEY RESULTS A fast, voltage-dependent sodium current was induced by depolarising steps. Steady-state activation and inactivation curves revealed a window current between -60 and -30 mV. Two populations of NaV currents, ('TTX-sensitive') and ('TTX-insensitive'), were distinguished. TTX-sensitive current showed 48% block with the NaV -subtype-specific blockers ICA-121431 (NaV 1.1-1.3), PF-05089771 (NaV 1.7), and 4,9-anhydro-TTX (NaV 1.6). TTX-insensitive current was insensitive to A803467, a NaV 1.8 blocker. Immunocytochemistry confirmed the expression of NaV 1.5 and NaV 1.4 in freshly dispersed CCSM cells. Veratridine, a NaV activator, reduced time-dependent inactivation of the current and increased the duration of evoked action potentials. Veratridine induced phasic contractions in CCSM strips. This effect was reversible with TTX and nifedipine but not by KB-R7943. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS We report, for the first time, a fast voltage-dependent sodium current in mouse CCSM. Stimulation of this current increases the contractility of corpus cavernosum in vitro, suggesting that it may contribute to the mechanisms of detumescence, and potentially serve as a clinically relevant target for pharmaceutical intervention in erectile dysfunction. Further work will be necessary to define its role.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Keith D Thornbury
- Smooth Muscle Research Centre Dundalk Institute of Technology, Dublin, Ireland
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33
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Rivaud MR, Delmar M, Remme CA. Heritable arrhythmia syndromes associated with abnormal cardiac sodium channel function: ionic and non-ionic mechanisms. Cardiovasc Res 2021; 116:1557-1570. [PMID: 32251506 PMCID: PMC7341171 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvaa082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The cardiac sodium channel NaV1.5, encoded by the SCN5A gene, is responsible for the fast upstroke of the action potential. Mutations in SCN5A may cause sodium channel dysfunction by decreasing peak sodium current, which slows conduction and facilitates reentry-based arrhythmias, and by enhancing late sodium current, which prolongs the action potential and sets the stage for early afterdepolarization and arrhythmias. Yet, some NaV1.5-related disorders, in particular structural abnormalities, cannot be directly or solely explained on the basis of defective NaV1.5 expression or biophysics. An emerging concept that may explain the large disease spectrum associated with SCN5A mutations centres around the multifunctionality of the NaV1.5 complex. In this alternative view, alterations in NaV1.5 affect processes that are independent of its canonical ion-conducting role. We here propose a novel classification of NaV1.5 (dys)function, categorized into (i) direct ionic effects of sodium influx through NaV1.5 on membrane potential and consequent action potential generation, (ii) indirect ionic effects of sodium influx on intracellular homeostasis and signalling, and (iii) non-ionic effects of NaV1.5, independent of sodium influx, through interactions with macromolecular complexes within the different microdomains of the cardiomyocyte. These indirect ionic and non-ionic processes may, acting alone or in concert, contribute significantly to arrhythmogenesis. Hence, further exploration of these multifunctional effects of NaV1.5 is essential for the development of novel preventive and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde R Rivaud
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology, Heart Center, Amsterdam UMC (location AMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Meigberdreef 15, 1105AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mario Delmar
- The Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, New York University School of Medicine, 435 E 30th St, NSB 707, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Carol Ann Remme
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology, Heart Center, Amsterdam UMC (location AMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Meigberdreef 15, 1105AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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34
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Murtadha AH, Azahar IIM, Sharudin NA, Has ATC, Mokhtar NF. Influence of nNav1.5 on MHC class I expression in breast cancer. J Biosci 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12038-021-00196-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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35
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Alam A, Rampes S, Patel S, Hana Z, Ma D. Anesthetics or anesthetic techniques and cancer surgical outcomes: a possible link. Korean J Anesthesiol 2021; 74:191-203. [PMID: 33596628 PMCID: PMC8175878 DOI: 10.4097/kja.20679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
As of 2018 cancer is responsible for almost 9.6 million deaths annually and, with an aging population, the incidence of cancer is expected to continue to rise. Surgery is an important treatment modality for patients with solid organ cancers. It has been postulated that, due to potentially overlapping processes underlying the development of malignancy and the therapeutic pathways of various anesthetic agents, the choice of anesthetic type and method of administration may affect post-operative outcomes in patients with cancer. This is a literature review of the most recent evidence extracted from various databases including PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane, as well as journals and book reference lists. The review highlights the pathophysiological processes underpinning cancer development and the molecular actions of anesthetic agents, pre-clinical and retrospective studies investigating cancer and anesthetics, as well as ongoing clinical trials. Overall, there are conflicting results regarding the impact of regional vs. general anesthesia on cancer recurrence, whilst the majority of data suggest a benefit of the use of intravenous propofol over inhalational volatile anesthetics. The biological changes associated with the surgical inflammatory response offer a unique opportunity to intervene to counteract any potentially cancer-promoting effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azeem Alam
- Division of Anesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea & Westminster Hospital, London, UK
| | - Sanketh Rampes
- Division of Anesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea & Westminster Hospital, London, UK
| | - Sonam Patel
- Division of Anesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea & Westminster Hospital, London, UK
| | - Zac Hana
- Division of Anesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea & Westminster Hospital, London, UK
| | - Daqing Ma
- Division of Anesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea & Westminster Hospital, London, UK
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36
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Al-Ward H, Liu CY, Liu N, Shaher F, Al-Nusaif M, Mao J, Xu H. Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel β1 Gene: An Overview. Hum Hered 2021; 85:101-109. [PMID: 34038903 DOI: 10.1159/000516388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Voltage-gated sodium channels are protein complexes composed of 2 subunits, namely, pore-forming α- and regulatory β-subunits. A β-subunit consists of 5 proteins encoded by 4 genes (i.e., SCN1B-SCN4B). SUMMARY β1-Subunits regulate sodium ion channel functions, including gating properties, subcellular localization, and kinetics. Key Message: Sodium channel β1- and its variant β1B-subunits are encoded by SCN1B. These variants are associated with many human diseases, such as epilepsy, Brugada syndrome, Dravet syndrome, and cancers. On the basis of previous research, we aimed to provide an overview of the structure, expression, and involvement of SCN1B in physiological processes and focused on its role in diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisham Al-Ward
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jiamusi University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiamusi, China
| | - Chun-Yang Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ankang University School of Medicine, Ankang, China
| | - Ning Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jiamusi University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiamusi, China
| | - Fahmi Shaher
- Department of Pathophysiology, Jiamusi University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiamusi, China
| | - Murad Al-Nusaif
- Department of Neurology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jing Mao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jiamusi University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiamusi, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jiamusi University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiamusi, China
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37
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Levin M. Bioelectrical approaches to cancer as a problem of the scaling of the cellular self. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 165:102-113. [PMID: 33961843 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2021.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
One lens with which to understand the complex phenomenon of cancer is that of developmental biology. Cancer is the inevitable consequence of a breakdown of the communication that enables individual cells to join into computational networks that work towards large-scale, morphogenetic goals instead of more primitive, unicellular objectives. This perspective suggests that cancer may be a physiological disorder, not necessarily due to problems with the genetically-specified protein hardware. One aspect of morphogenetic coordination is bioelectric signaling, and indeed an abnormal bioelectric signature non-invasively reveals the site of incipient tumors in amphibian models. Functionally, a disruption of resting potential states triggers metastatic melanoma phenotypes in embryos with no genetic defects or carcinogen exposure. Conversely, optogenetic or molecular-biological modulation of bioelectric states can override powerful oncogenic mutations and prevent or normalize tumors. The bioelectrically-mediated information flows that harness cells toward body-level anatomical outcomes represent a very attractive and tractable endogenous control system, which is being targeted by emerging approaches to cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Levin
- Allen Discovery Center at Tufts University, 200 Boston Ave., Suite 4600, Medford, MA, 02155, USA.
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38
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Bouza AA, Edokobi N, Hodges SL, Pinsky AM, Offord J, Piao L, Zhao YT, Lopatin AN, Lopez-Santiago LF, Isom LL. Sodium channel β1 subunits participate in regulated intramembrane proteolysis-excitation coupling. JCI Insight 2021; 6:141776. [PMID: 33411695 PMCID: PMC7934843 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.141776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Loss-of-function (LOF) variants in SCN1B, encoding voltage-gated sodium channel β1 subunits, are linked to human diseases with high risk of sudden death, including developmental and epileptic encephalopathy and cardiac arrhythmia. β1 Subunits modulate the cell-surface localization, gating, and kinetics of sodium channel pore-forming α subunits. They also participate in cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesion, resulting in intracellular signal transduction, promotion of cell migration, calcium handling, and regulation of cell morphology. Here, we investigated regulated intramembrane proteolysis (RIP) of β1 by BACE1 and γ-secretase and show that β1 subunits are substrates for sequential RIP by BACE1 and γ-secretase, resulting in the generation of a soluble intracellular domain (ICD) that is translocated to the nucleus. Using RNA sequencing, we identified a subset of genes that are downregulated by β1-ICD overexpression in heterologous cells but upregulated in Scn1b-null cardiac tissue, which lacks β1-ICD signaling, suggesting that the β1-ICD may normally function as a molecular brake on gene transcription in vivo. We propose that human disease variants resulting in SCN1B LOF cause transcriptional dysregulation that contributes to altered excitability. Moreover, these results provide important insights into the mechanism of SCN1B-linked channelopathies, adding RIP-excitation coupling to the multifunctionality of sodium channel β1 subunits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra A Bouza
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Nnamdi Edokobi
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Samantha L Hodges
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Alexa M Pinsky
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - James Offord
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Lin Piao
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Yan-Ting Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Anatoli N Lopatin
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Luis F Lopez-Santiago
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Lori L Isom
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Department of Neurology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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39
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Sodium ion channels as potential therapeutic targets for cancer metastasis. Drug Discov Today 2021; 26:1136-1147. [PMID: 33545383 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2021.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Is it possible to develop drugs for the treatment of a specific type of metastatic cancer by targeting sodium ion channels?
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40
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Rajaratinam H, Rasudin NS, Al Astani TAD, Mokhtar NF, Yahya MM, Wan Zain WZ, Asma-Abdullah N, Mohd Fuad WE. Breast cancer therapy affects the expression of antineonatal Nav1.5 antibodies in the serum of patients with breast cancer. Oncol Lett 2021; 21:108. [PMID: 33376541 PMCID: PMC7751336 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.12369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Neonatal Nav1.5 (nNav1.5) is the alternative splice variant of Nav1.5 and it has been widely associated with the progression of breast cancer. The immunological context of nNav1.5 with respect to breast cancer metastases remains unexplored. The presence of antibodies against nNav1.5 may highlight the immunogenicity of nNav1.5. Hence, the aim of the present study was to detect the presence of antineonatal Nav1.5 antibodies (antinNav1.5-Ab) in the serum of patients with breast cancer and to elucidate the effects of breast cancer therapy on its expression. A total of 32 healthy female volunteers and 64 patients with breast cancer were randomly recruited into the present study as the control and breast cancer group, respectively. Patients with breast cancer were divided equally based on their pre- and ongoing-treatment status. Serum samples were tested with in-house indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to detect antinNav1.5-Ab, CD25 (T regulatory cell marker) using an ELISA kit and Luminex assay to detect the expression of metastasis-associated cytokines, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, IL-8, chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) The mean difference in the expression of antinNav1.5-Ab among the three groups (control, pretreatment and ongoing-treatment) was significant (P=0.0005) and the pretreatment breast cancer group exhibited the highest expression. The concentration of CD25 was highest in the pretreatment breast cancer group compared with the control and ongoing-treatment groups. There was a significant positive correlation between antinNav1.5-Ab and IL-6 in the pretreatment group (r=0.7260; P=0.0210) and a significant negative correlation between antinNav1.5-Ab and VEGF in the ongoing-treatment group (r=-0.842; P-value=0.0040). The high expression of antinNav1.5-Ab in the pretreatment group was in accordance with the uninterrupted presence of metastasis and highlighted the immunogenicity of nNav1.5 whereas the low expression of antinNav1.5-Ab in the ongoing-treatment group reflected the efficacy of breast cancer therapy in eliminating metastases. The augmented manifestation of T regulatory cells in the pretreatment group highlighted the functional role of nNav1.5 in promoting metastasis. The parallel expression of antinNav1.5-Ab with the imbalanced expression of cytokines promoting metastasis (IL-8, IL-6 and TNF-α) and cytokines that prevent metastasis (IL-10) indicated the role of nNav1.5 in breast cancer growth. The expression of antinNav1.5-Ab in accordance to the metastatic microenvironment indicates the immunogenicity of the protein and highlights the influence of breast cancer therapy on its expression level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harishini Rajaratinam
- School of Health Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Kubang Kerian, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia
| | - Nur Syahmina Rasudin
- School of Health Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Kubang Kerian, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia
| | - Tengku Ahmad Damitri Al Astani
- Department of Chemical Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Kubang Kerian, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia
- Breast Cancer Awareness and Research (BestARi) Unit, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (HUSM), Kubang Kerian, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia
| | - Noor Fatmawati Mokhtar
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Kubang Kerian, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia
| | - Maya Mazuwin Yahya
- Department of Surgery, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Kubang Kerian, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia
| | - Wan Zainira Wan Zain
- Department of Surgery, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Kubang Kerian, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia
| | - Nurul Asma-Abdullah
- School of Health Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Kubang Kerian, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia
| | - Wan Ezumi Mohd Fuad
- School of Health Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Kubang Kerian, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia
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41
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Wang H, Cui G, Yu B, Sun M, Yang H. Cancer Stem Cell Niche in Colorectal Cancer and Targeted Therapies. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26:1979-1993. [PMID: 32268862 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200408102305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs), also known as tumor-initiating cells, are a sub-population of tumor cells found in many human cancers that are endowed with self-renewal and pluripotency. CSCs may be more resistant to conventional anticancer therapies than average cancer cells, as they can easily escape the cytotoxic effects of standard chemotherapy, thereby resulting in tumor relapse. Despite significant progress in related research, effective elimination of CSCs remains an unmet clinical need. CSCs are localized in a specialized microenvironment termed the niche, which plays a pivotal role in cancer multidrug resistance. The niche components of CSCs, such as the extracellular matrix, also physically shelter CSCs from therapeutic agents. Colorectal cancer is the most common malignancy worldwide and presents a relatively transparent process of cancer initiation and development, making it an ideal model for CSC niche research. Here, we review recent advances in the field of CSCs using colorectal cancer as an example to illustrate the potential therapeutic value of targeting the CSC niche. These findings not only provide a novel theoretical basis for in-depth discussions on tumor occurrence, development, and prognosis evaluation, but also offer new strategies for the targeted treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Drug Discovery, School of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China.,Laboratory medical college, Jilin Medical University, Jilin, China
| | - Guihua Cui
- School of Pharmacy, Jilin Medical University, Jilin, China
| | - Bo Yu
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Drug Discovery, School of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
| | - Meiyan Sun
- Laboratory medical college, Jilin Medical University, Jilin, China
| | - Hong Yang
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Drug Discovery, School of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
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42
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Wu M, Lou W, Lou M, Fu P, Yu XF. Integrated Analysis of Distant Metastasis-Associated Genes and Potential Drugs in Colon Adenocarcinoma. Front Oncol 2020; 10:576615. [PMID: 33194689 PMCID: PMC7645237 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.576615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Most colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) patients die of distant metastasis, though there are some therapies for metastatic COAD. However, the genes exclusively expressed in metastatic COAD remain unclear. This study aims to identify prognosis-related genes associated with distant metastasis and develop therapeutic strategies for COAD patients. Methods: Transcriptomic data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA; n = 514) cohort were analyzed as a discovery dataset. Next, the data from the GEPIA database and PROGgeneV2 database were used to validate our analysis. Key genes were identified based on the differential miRNA and mRNA expression with respect to M stage. The potential drugs targeting candidate differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were also investigated. Results: A total of 127 significantly DEGs in patients with distant metastasis compared with patients without distant metastasis were identified. Then, four prognosis-related genes (LEP, DLX2, CLSTN2, and REG3A) were selected based on clustering analysis and survival analysis. Finally, three compounds targeting the candidate DEGs, including ajmaline, TTNPB, and dydrogesterone, were predicted to be potential drugs for COAD. Conclusions: This study revealed that distant metastasis in COAD is associated with a specific group of genes, and three existing drugs may suppress the distant metastasis of COAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaowei Wu
- Cancer Institute, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weiyang Lou
- Department of Breast Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Meng Lou
- Cancer Institute, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peifen Fu
- Department of Breast Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Fang Yu
- Cancer Institute, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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43
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Griffin M, Khan R, Basu S, Smith S. Ion Channels as Therapeutic Targets in High Grade Gliomas. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12103068. [PMID: 33096667 PMCID: PMC7589494 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12103068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Glioblastoma multiforme is an aggressive grade IV lethal brain tumour with a median survival of 14 months. Despite surgery to remove the tumour, and subsequent concurrent chemotherapy and radiotherapy, there is little in terms of effective treatment options. Because of this, exploring new treatment avenues is vital. Brain tumours are intrinsically electrically active; expressing unique patterns of ion channels, and this is a characteristic we can exploit. Ion channels are specialised proteins in the cell’s membrane that allow for the passage of positive and negatively charged ions in and out of the cell, controlling membrane potential. Membrane potential is a crucial biophysical signal in normal and cancerous cells. Research has identified that specific classes of ion channels not only move the cell through its cell cycle, thus encouraging growth and proliferation, but may also be essential in the development of brain tumours. Inhibition of sodium, potassium, calcium, and chloride channels has been shown to reduce the capacity of glioblastoma cells to grow and invade. Therefore, we propose that targeting ion channels and repurposing commercially available ion channel inhibitors may hold the key to new therapeutic avenues in high grade gliomas. Abstract Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a lethal brain cancer with an average survival of 14–15 months even with exhaustive treatment. High grade gliomas (HGG) represent the leading cause of CNS cancer-related death in children and adults due to the aggressive nature of the tumour and limited treatment options. The scarcity of treatment available for GBM has opened the field to new modalities such as electrotherapy. Previous studies have identified the clinical benefit of electrotherapy in combination with chemotherapeutics, however the mechanistic action is unclear. Increasing evidence indicates that not only are ion channels key in regulating electrical signaling and membrane potential of excitable cells, they perform a crucial role in the development and neoplastic progression of brain tumours. Unlike other tissue types, neural tissue is intrinsically electrically active and reliant on ion channels and their function. Ion channels are essential in cell cycle control, invasion and migration of cancer cells and therefore present as valuable therapeutic targets. This review aims to discuss the role that ion channels hold in gliomagenesis and whether we can target and exploit these channels to provide new therapeutic targets and whether ion channels hold the mechanistic key to the newfound success of electrotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Griffin
- Children’s Brain Tumour Research Centre, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK;
| | - Raheela Khan
- Division of Medical Sciences and Graduate Entry Medicine, Royal Derby Hospital, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK;
| | - Surajit Basu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Queen’s Medical Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK;
| | - Stuart Smith
- Children’s Brain Tumour Research Centre, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK;
- Correspondence:
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Wang P, Wadsworth PA, Dvorak NM, Singh AK, Chen H, Liu Z, Zhou R, Holthauzen LMF, Zhou J, Laezza F. Design, Synthesis, and Pharmacological Evaluation of Analogues Derived from the PLEV Tetrapeptide as Protein-Protein Interaction Modulators of Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel 1.6. J Med Chem 2020; 63:11522-11547. [PMID: 33054193 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The voltage-gated Na+ (Nav) channel is the molecular determinant of excitability. Disruption of protein-protein interactions (PPIs) between Nav1.6 and fibroblast growth factor 14 (FGF14) leads to impaired excitability of neurons in clinically relevant brain areas associated with channelopathies. Here, we designed, synthesized, and pharmacologically characterized new peptidomimetics based on a PLEV tetrapeptide scaffold derived from the FGF14:Nav1.6 PPI interface. Addition of an N-terminal 1-adamantanecarbonyl pharmacophore significantly improved peptidomimetic inhibitory potency. Surface plasmon resonance studies revealed that while this moiety was sufficient to confer binding to FGF14, altering the C-terminal moiety from methoxy (21a) to π bond-containing (23a and 23b) or cycloalkane substituents (23e) abrogated the binding to Nav1.6. Whole-cell patch-clamp electrophysiology subsequently revealed that 21a had functionally relevant interactions with both the C-terminal tail of Nav1.6 and FGF14. Collectively, these findings support that 21a (PW0564) may serve as a promising lead to develop target-selective neurotherapeutics by modulating protein-channel interactions.
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45
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Soto G, Calero F, Naranjo M. [Lidocaine in oncological surgery: the role of blocking in voltage-gated sodium channels. A narrative review]. Rev Bras Anestesiol 2020; 70:527-533. [PMID: 32951865 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjan.2020.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2019] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current evidence suggests that oncological surgery, which is a therapy used in the treatment of solid tumors, increases the risk of metastasis. In this regard, a wide range of tumor cells express Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels (VGSC), whose biological roles are not related to the generation of action potentials. In epithelial tumor cells, VGSC are part of cellular structures named invadopodia, involved in cell proliferation, migration, and metastasis. Recent studies showed that lidocaine could decrease cancer recurrence through its direct effects on tumor cells and immunomodulatory properties on the stress response. OBJECTIVE The aim of this narrative review is to highlight the role of VGSC in tumor cells, and to describe the potential antiproliferative effect of lidocaine during the pathogenesis of metastasis. CONTENTS A critical review of literature from April 2017 to April 2019 was performed. Articles found on PubMed (2000-2019) were considered. A free text and MeSH-lidocaine; voltage-gated sodium channels; tumor cells; invadopodia; surgical stress; cell proliferation; metastasis; cancer recurrence-for articles in English, Spanish and Portuguese language-was used. A total of 62 were selected. CONCLUSION In animal studies, lidocaine acts by blocking VGSC and other receptors, decreasing migration, invasion, and metastasis. These studies need to be replicated in humans in the context of oncological surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- German Soto
- Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Carrera de Posgrado de Especialización en Anestesiología, Rosario, Argentina; Hospital Escuela Eva Perón, Granadero Baigorria, Argentina.
| | - Fernanda Calero
- Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Carrera de Posgrado de Especialización en Anestesiología, Rosario, Argentina; Hospital Escuela Eva Perón, Granadero Baigorria, Argentina
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Soto G, Calero F, Naranjo M. Lidocaine in oncological surgery. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF ANESTHESIOLOGY (ENGLISH EDITION) 2020. [PMID: 32951865 PMCID: PMC9373205 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjane.2020.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background The current evidence suggests that oncological surgery, which is a therapy used in the treatment of solid tumors, increases the risk of metastasis. In this regard, a wide range of tumor cells express Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels (VGSC), whose biological roles are not related to the generation of action potentials. In epithelial tumor cells, VGSC are part of cellular structures named invadopodia, involved in cell proliferation, migration, and metastasis. Recent studies showed that lidocaine could decrease cancer recurrence through its direct effects on tumor cells and immunomodulatory properties on the stress response. Objective The aim of this narrative review is to highlight the role of VGSC in tumor cells, and to describe the potential antiproliferative effect of lidocaine during the pathogenesis of metastasis. Contents A critical review of literature from April 2017 to April 2019 was performed. Articles found on PubMed (2000–2019) were considered. A free text and MeSH-lidocaine; voltage-gated sodium channels; tumor cells; invadopodia; surgical stress; cell proliferation; metastasis; cancer recurrence – for articles in English, Spanish and Portuguese language – was used. A total of 62 were selected. Conclusion In animal studies, lidocaine acts by blocking VGSC and other receptors, decreasing migration, invasion, and metastasis. These studies need to be replicated in humans in the context of oncological surgery.
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Poisson L, Lopez-Charcas O, Chadet S, Bon E, Lemoine R, Brisson L, Ouaissi M, Baron C, Besson P, Roger S, Moussata D. Rock inhibition promotes Na V1.5 sodium channel-dependent SW620 colon cancer cell invasiveness. Sci Rep 2020; 10:13350. [PMID: 32770034 PMCID: PMC7414216 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-70378-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The acquisition of invasive capacities by carcinoma cells, i.e. their ability to migrate through and to remodel extracellular matrices, is a determinant process leading to their dissemination and to the development of metastases. these cancer cell properties have often been associated with an increased Rho-ROCK signalling, and ROCK inhibitors have been proposed for anticancer therapies. In this study we used the selective ROCK inhibitor, Y-27632, to address the participation of the Rho-ROCK signalling pathway in the invasive properties of SW620 human colon cancer cells. Contrarily to initial assumptions, Y-27632 induced the acquisition of a pro-migratory cell phenotype and increased cancer cell invasiveness in both 3- and 2-dimensions assays. This effect was also obtained using the other ROCK inhibitor Fasudil as well as with knocking down the expression of ROCK-1 or ROCK-2, but was prevented by the inhibition of NaV1.5 voltage-gated sodium channel activity. Indeed, ROCK inhibition enhanced the activity of the pro-invasive NaV1.5 channel through a pathway that was independent of gene expression regulation. In conclusions, our evidence identifies voltage-gated sodium channels as new targets of the ROCK signalling pathway, as well as responsible for possible deleterious effects of the use of ROCK inhibitors in the treatment of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucile Poisson
- EA4245 Transplantation, Immunologie, Inflammation, Université de Tours, 10 Boulevard Tonnellé, 37032, Tours, France.,Inserm UMR1069, Nutrition, Croissance et Cancer, Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Osbaldo Lopez-Charcas
- EA4245 Transplantation, Immunologie, Inflammation, Université de Tours, 10 Boulevard Tonnellé, 37032, Tours, France
| | - Stéphanie Chadet
- EA4245 Transplantation, Immunologie, Inflammation, Université de Tours, 10 Boulevard Tonnellé, 37032, Tours, France
| | - Emeline Bon
- EA4245 Transplantation, Immunologie, Inflammation, Université de Tours, 10 Boulevard Tonnellé, 37032, Tours, France
| | - Roxane Lemoine
- EA4245 Transplantation, Immunologie, Inflammation, Université de Tours, 10 Boulevard Tonnellé, 37032, Tours, France
| | - Lucie Brisson
- Inserm UMR1069, Nutrition, Croissance et Cancer, Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Mehdi Ouaissi
- EA4245 Transplantation, Immunologie, Inflammation, Université de Tours, 10 Boulevard Tonnellé, 37032, Tours, France.,CHRU de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Christophe Baron
- EA4245 Transplantation, Immunologie, Inflammation, Université de Tours, 10 Boulevard Tonnellé, 37032, Tours, France.,CHRU de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Pierre Besson
- EA4245 Transplantation, Immunologie, Inflammation, Université de Tours, 10 Boulevard Tonnellé, 37032, Tours, France
| | - Sébastien Roger
- EA4245 Transplantation, Immunologie, Inflammation, Université de Tours, 10 Boulevard Tonnellé, 37032, Tours, France. .,Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France.
| | - Driffa Moussata
- EA4245 Transplantation, Immunologie, Inflammation, Université de Tours, 10 Boulevard Tonnellé, 37032, Tours, France.,CHRU de Tours, Tours, France
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Cata JP, Guerra C, Soto G, Ramirez MF. Anesthesia Options and the Recurrence of Cancer: What We Know so Far? Local Reg Anesth 2020; 13:57-72. [PMID: 32765061 PMCID: PMC7369361 DOI: 10.2147/lra.s240567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Surgery is a critical period in the survival of patients with cancer. While resective surgery of primary tumors has shown to prolong the life of these patients, it can also promote mechanisms associated with metastatic progression. During surgery, patients require general and sometimes local anesthetics that also modulate mechanisms that can favor or reduce metastasis. In this narrative review, we summarized the evidence about the impact of local, regional and general anesthesia on metastatic mechanisms and the survival of patients. The available evidence suggests that cancer recurrence is not significantly impacted by neither regional anesthesia nor volatile or total intravenous anesthesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan P Cata
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Anesthesiology and Surgical Oncology Research Group, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Carlos Guerra
- Department of Anesthesia, Pain Management, and Perioperative Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - German Soto
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hospital Eva Perón, Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Maria F Ramirez
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Anesthesiology and Surgical Oncology Research Group, Houston, TX, USA
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Scorpion Toxins and Ion Channels: Potential Applications in Cancer Therapy. Toxins (Basel) 2020; 12:toxins12050326. [PMID: 32429050 PMCID: PMC7290751 DOI: 10.3390/toxins12050326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Apoptosis, a genetically directed process of cell death, has been studied for many years, and the biochemical mechanisms that surround it are well known and described. There are at least three pathways by which apoptosis occurs, and each pathway depends on extra or intracellular processes for activation. Apoptosis is a vital process, but disturbances in proliferation and cell death rates can lead to the development of diseases like cancer. Several compounds, isolated from scorpion venoms, exhibit inhibitory effects on different cancer cells. Indeed, some of these compounds can differentiate between healthy and cancer cells within the same tissue. During the carcinogenic process, morphological, biochemical, and biological changes occur that enable these compounds to modulate cancer but not healthy cells. This review highlights cancer cell features that enable modulation by scorpion neurotoxins. The properties of the isolated scorpion neurotoxins in cancer cells and the potential uses of these compounds as alternative treatments for cancer are discussed.
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50
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Yang M, James AD, Suman R, Kasprowicz R, Nelson M, O'Toole PJ, Brackenbury WJ. Voltage-dependent activation of Rac1 by Na v 1.5 channels promotes cell migration. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:3950-3972. [PMID: 31612502 PMCID: PMC6973152 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Ion channels can regulate the plasma membrane potential (Vm ) and cell migration as a result of altered ion flux. However, the mechanism by which Vm regulates motility remains unclear. Here, we show that the Nav 1.5 sodium channel carries persistent inward Na+ current which depolarizes the resting Vm at the timescale of minutes. This Nav 1.5-dependent Vm depolarization increases Rac1 colocalization with phosphatidylserine, to which it is anchored at the leading edge of migrating cells, promoting Rac1 activation. A genetically encoded FRET biosensor of Rac1 activation shows that depolarization-induced Rac1 activation results in acquisition of a motile phenotype. By identifying Nav 1.5-mediated Vm depolarization as a regulator of Rac1 activation, we link ionic and electrical signaling at the plasma membrane to small GTPase-dependent cytoskeletal reorganization and cellular migration. We uncover a novel and unexpected mechanism for Rac1 activation, which fine tunes cell migration in response to ionic and/or electric field changes in the local microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Yang
- Department of BiologyUniversity of YorkYorkUK
| | - Andrew D. James
- Department of BiologyUniversity of YorkYorkUK
- York Biomedical Research InstituteUniversity of YorkYorkUK
| | - Rakesh Suman
- Phase Focus Ltd, Electric WorksSheffield Digital CampusSheffieldUK
| | | | - Michaela Nelson
- Department of BiologyUniversity of YorkYorkUK
- York Biomedical Research InstituteUniversity of YorkYorkUK
| | - Peter J. O'Toole
- Bioscience Technology Facility, Department of BiologyUniversity of YorkYorkUK
| | - William J. Brackenbury
- Department of BiologyUniversity of YorkYorkUK
- York Biomedical Research InstituteUniversity of YorkYorkUK
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