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Thongseiratch T, Khantee P, Jaroenmark N, Nuttapasit N, Thonglua N. "Anees Has Measles": Storytelling and Singing to Enhance MMR Vaccination in Child Care Centers Amid Religious Hesitancy. Vaccines (Basel) 2024; 12:819. [PMID: 39066456 PMCID: PMC11281558 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12070819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This study explores the enhancement of MMR vaccination rates in the deep south of Thailand through a culturally tailored intervention that incorporates storytelling and singing, aligning with local cultural and religious values. The "Anees has Measles" intervention, developed with input from community stakeholders including health workers, religious leaders, and parents, featured traditional melodies in its singing activities. The intervention comprised two main components: storytelling sessions and singing activities, both utilizing culturally resonant content and formats to effectively engage the community. Conducted from December 2019 to March 2020 across eight districts in five provinces, the study targeted children aged 18 months to 5 years in government child care centers. Results indicated a substantial increase in MMR vaccination coverage from 44.3% to 72.0% twelve months post-intervention, and further to 77.0% at 48 months post-intervention, representing a significant and sustained improvement (p < 0.001). This marked and continuous increase demonstrates the effectiveness of culturally adapted health education in areas with significant vaccine hesitancy. The findings highlight the importance of integrating culturally and religiously sensitive methods into public health strategies, significantly enhancing vaccine acceptance and coverage in diverse and conservative settings. This approach suggests a broader applicability for similar interventions in comparable contexts globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Therdpong Thongseiratch
- Child Development Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand; (N.J.); (N.N.); (N.T.)
| | - Puttichart Khantee
- Infectious Disease Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - Naphat Jaroenmark
- Child Development Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand; (N.J.); (N.N.); (N.T.)
| | - Napatsaree Nuttapasit
- Child Development Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand; (N.J.); (N.N.); (N.T.)
| | - Nithida Thonglua
- Child Development Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand; (N.J.); (N.N.); (N.T.)
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2
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Kia M, Nekooei F, Alipour AH, Hashemi SMA, Salimi V, Fattahi MJ, Lankarani KB, Sarvari J. Investigation of the Seroprevalence of Antimeasles Immunoglobulin G Antibody in Students at Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. Viral Immunol 2023; 36:424-428. [PMID: 37566488 DOI: 10.1089/vim.2023.0026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Measles is an acute, highly contagious disease with a high mortality rate in children. Although vaccination has reduced measles incidence, outbreaks still occur. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to investigate the frequency of antimeasles immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody (Ab) among students at Shiraz University of Medical Sciences (SUMS). Four hundred fifty SUMS students were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Information on demographics and measles vaccination history was collected using a questionnaire. Participants were divided into two groups, including A and B, according to routine doses of measles vaccine and the national measles/rubella immunization program. The antimeasles IgG Abs were tested using a commercial Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Kit. Participants ranged in age from 18 to 48 years, with a mean age of 22.2 (±4.3). Fifty percent of the subjects were male. Our results showed that 63.6% of the cases were positive for antimeasles IgG Abs. The seroprevalence of IgG Abs between groups A and B did not differ significantly (p = 0.612). There was also no significant correlation between the seroprevalence of antimeasles IgG Abs and the age (p = 0.43) or sex (p = 0.24) of the subjects. The results showed that the frequency of antimeasles IgG Abs is lower than required to prevent the measles virus from circulating. Therefore, a booster vaccination may be necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Kia
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Nekooei
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Amir Hossein Alipour
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Vahid Salimi
- Department of Virology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javad Fattahi
- Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Kamran Bagheri Lankarani
- Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Heath, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Jamal Sarvari
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Gastroenterohepatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Sharp B, Rallabandi R, Devaux P. Advances in RNA Viral Vector Technology to Reprogram Somatic Cells: The Paramyxovirus Wave. Mol Diagn Ther 2022; 26:353-367. [PMID: 35763161 DOI: 10.1007/s40291-022-00599-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Ethical issues are a significant barrier to the use of embryonic stem cells in patients due to their origin: human embryos. To further the development of stem cells in a patient application, alternative sources of cells were sought. A process referred to as reprogramming was established to create induced pluripotent stem cells from somatic cells, resolving the ethical issues, and vectors were developed to deliver the reprogramming factors to generate induced pluripotent stem cells. Early viral vectors used integrating retroviruses and lentiviruses as delivery vehicles for the transcription factors required to initiate reprogramming. However, because of the inherent risk associated with vectors that integrate into the host genome, non-integrating approaches were explored. The development of non-integrating viral vectors offers a safer alternative, and these modern vectors are reliable, efficient, and easy to use to achieve induced pluripotent stem cells suitable for direct patient application in the growing field of individualized medicine. This review summarizes all the RNA viral vectors in the field of reprogramming with a special focus on the emerging delivery vectors based on non-integrating Paramyxoviruses, Sendai and measles viruses. We discuss their design and evolution towards being safe and efficient reprogramming vectors in generating induced pluripotent stem cells from somatic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenna Sharp
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Ramya Rallabandi
- Virology and Gene Therapy Graduate Program, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.,Regenerative Sciences Program, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Patricia Devaux
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA. .,Virology and Gene Therapy Graduate Program, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA. .,Regenerative Sciences Program, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
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bin Umair M, Akusa FN, Kashif H, Seerat-e-Fatima, Butt F, Azhar M, Munir I, Ahmed M, Khalil W, Sharyar H, Rafique S, Shahid M, Afzal S. Viruses as tools in gene therapy, vaccine development, and cancer treatment. Arch Virol 2022; 167:1387-1404. [PMID: 35462594 PMCID: PMC9035288 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-022-05432-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Using viruses to our advantage has been a huge leap for humanity. Their ability to mediate horizontal gene transfer has made them useful tools for gene therapy, vaccine development, and cancer treatment. Adenoviruses, adeno-associated viruses, retroviruses, lentiviruses, alphaviruses, and herpesviruses are a few of the most common candidates for use as therapeutic agents or efficient gene delivery systems. Efforts are being made to improve and perfect viral-vector-based therapies to overcome potential or reported drawbacks. Some preclinical trials of viral vector vaccines have yielded positive results, indicating their potential as prophylactic or therapeutic vaccine candidates. Utilization of the oncolytic activity of viruses is the future of cancer therapy, as patients will then be free from the harmful effects of chemo- or radiotherapy. This review discusses in vitro and in vivo studies showing the brilliant therapeutic potential of viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Musab bin Umair
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology (CEMB), University of the Punjab, 87-West Canal Bank Road, Thokar Niaz Baig, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Fujimura Nao Akusa
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology (CEMB), University of the Punjab, 87-West Canal Bank Road, Thokar Niaz Baig, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Hadia Kashif
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology (CEMB), University of the Punjab, 87-West Canal Bank Road, Thokar Niaz Baig, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Seerat-e-Fatima
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology (CEMB), University of the Punjab, 87-West Canal Bank Road, Thokar Niaz Baig, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Fatima Butt
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology (CEMB), University of the Punjab, 87-West Canal Bank Road, Thokar Niaz Baig, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Marium Azhar
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology (CEMB), University of the Punjab, 87-West Canal Bank Road, Thokar Niaz Baig, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Iqra Munir
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology (CEMB), University of the Punjab, 87-West Canal Bank Road, Thokar Niaz Baig, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ahmed
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology (CEMB), University of the Punjab, 87-West Canal Bank Road, Thokar Niaz Baig, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Wajeeha Khalil
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology (CEMB), University of the Punjab, 87-West Canal Bank Road, Thokar Niaz Baig, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz Sharyar
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology (CEMB), University of the Punjab, 87-West Canal Bank Road, Thokar Niaz Baig, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shazia Rafique
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology (CEMB), University of the Punjab, 87-West Canal Bank Road, Thokar Niaz Baig, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shahid
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology (CEMB), University of the Punjab, 87-West Canal Bank Road, Thokar Niaz Baig, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Samia Afzal
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology (CEMB), University of the Punjab, 87-West Canal Bank Road, Thokar Niaz Baig, Lahore, Pakistan
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Maduray K, Parboosing R. Metal Nanoparticles: a Promising Treatment for Viral and Arboviral Infections. Biol Trace Elem Res 2021; 199:3159-3176. [PMID: 33029761 PMCID: PMC7540915 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-020-02414-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Globally, viral diseases continue to pose a significant threat to public health. Recent outbreaks, such as influenza, coronavirus, Ebola, and dengue, have emphasized the urgent need for new antiviral therapeutics. Considerable efforts have focused on developing metal nanoparticles for the treatment of several pathogenic viruses. As a result of these efforts, metal nanoparticles are demonstrating promising antiviral activity against pathogenic surrogates and clinical isolates. This review summarizes the application of metal nanoparticles for the treatment of viral infections. It provides information on synthesis methods, size-related properties, nano-bio-interaction, and immunological effects of metal nanoparticles. This article also addresses critical criteria and considerations for developing clinically translatable nanosized metal particles to treat viral diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaminee Maduray
- Department of Virology, University of KwaZulu-Natal/National Health Laboratory Service, Durban, South Africa.
| | - Raveen Parboosing
- Department of Virology, University of KwaZulu-Natal/National Health Laboratory Service, Durban, South Africa
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6
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Mutoh Y, Kano Y, Oguri T, Kato H, Umemura T, Norizuki C, Ichihara T, Yuasa H. Severe Measles Encephalitis and Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis in an Immunocompetent Japanese Young Male. Intern Med 2021; 60:1971-1976. [PMID: 33456033 PMCID: PMC8263189 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.5362-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Measles encephalitis rarely affects young adults and has no established treatment strategy. This brief report described the rare case of an immunocompetent 30-year-old man with severe measles pneumonia and encephalitis, following the autoimmune disease acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, during a large measles outbreak in 2018 in Japan. With multidisciplinary treatments, including corticosteroids, intravenous immunoglobulins, vitamin A, and therapeutic plasma exchange, the patient was successfully treated. This case provides a new strategy for treating measles encephalitis and its complications during measles outbreak.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshikazu Mutoh
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Tosei General Hospital, Japan
| | - Yuya Kano
- Department of Neurology, Tosei General Hospital, Japan
| | - Takuya Oguri
- Department of Neurology, Tosei General Hospital, Japan
| | - Hideki Kato
- Department of Neurology, Tosei General Hospital, Japan
| | - Takumi Umemura
- Department of Infection Control Team, Tosei General Hospital, Japan
| | - Chihiro Norizuki
- Department of Infection Control Team, Tosei General Hospital, Japan
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Choudhury SKM, Ma X, Abdullah SW, Zheng H. Activation and Inhibition of the NLRP3 Inflammasome by RNA Viruses. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:1145-1163. [PMID: 33814921 PMCID: PMC8009543 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s295706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation refers to the response of the immune system to viral, bacterial, and fungal infections, or other foreign particles in the body, which can involve the production of a wide array of soluble inflammatory mediators. It is important for the development of many RNA virus-infected diseases. The primary factors through which the infection becomes inflammation involve inflammasome. Inflammasomes are proteins complex that the activation is responsive to specific pathogens, host cell damage, and other environmental stimuli. Inflammasomes bring about the maturation of various pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-18 and IL-1β in order to mediate the innate immune defense mechanisms. Many RNA viruses and their components, such as encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) 2B viroporin, the viral RNA of hepatitis C virus, the influenza virus M2 viroporin, the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) small hydrophobic (SH) viroporin, and the human rhinovirus (HRV) 2B viroporin can activate the Nod-like receptor (NLR) family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome to influence the inflammatory response. On the other hand, several viruses use virus-encoded proteins to suppress inflammation activation, such as the influenza virus NS1 protein and the measles virus (MV) V protein. In this review, we summarize how RNA virus infection leads to the activation or inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Mohiuddin Choudhury
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Foot and Mouth Disease Reference Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730046, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - XuSheng Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Foot and Mouth Disease Reference Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730046, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Sahibzada Waheed Abdullah
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Foot and Mouth Disease Reference Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730046, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - HaiXue Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Foot and Mouth Disease Reference Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730046, Gansu, People's Republic of China
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8
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Gussow AB, Auslander N, Wolf YI, Koonin EV. Prediction of the incubation period for COVID-19 and future virus disease outbreaks. BMC Biol 2020; 18:186. [PMID: 33256718 PMCID: PMC7703724 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-020-00919-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background A crucial factor in mitigating respiratory viral outbreaks is early determination of the duration of the incubation period and, accordingly, the required quarantine time for potentially exposed individuals. At the time of the COVID-19 pandemic, optimization of quarantine regimes becomes paramount for public health, societal well-being, and global economy. However, biological factors that determine the duration of the virus incubation period remain poorly understood. Results We demonstrate a strong positive correlation between the length of the incubation period and disease severity for a wide range of human pathogenic viruses. Using a machine learning approach, we develop a predictive model that accurately estimates, solely from several virus genome features, in particular, the number of protein-coding genes and the GC content, the incubation time ranges for diverse human pathogenic RNA viruses including SARS-CoV-2. The predictive approach described here can directly help in establishing the appropriate quarantine durations and thus facilitate controlling future outbreaks. Conclusions The length of the incubation period in viral diseases strongly correlates with disease severity, emphasizing the biological and epidemiological importance of the incubation period. Perhaps, surprisingly, incubation times of pathogenic RNA viruses can be accurately predicted solely from generic features of virus genomes. Elucidation of the biological underpinnings of the connections between these features and disease progression can be expected to reveal key aspects of virus pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayal B Gussow
- National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20894, USA
| | - Noam Auslander
- National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20894, USA.
| | - Yuri I Wolf
- National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20894, USA
| | - Eugene V Koonin
- National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20894, USA.
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Sanyaolu A, Okorie C, Marinkovic A, Ayodele O, Abbasi AF, Prakash S, Gosse J, Younis S, Mangat J, Chan H. Measles Outbreak in Unvaccinated and Partially Vaccinated Children and Adults in the United States and Canada (2018-2019): A Narrative Review of Cases. INQUIRY: The Journal of Health Care Organization, Provision, and Financing 2020; 56:46958019894098. [PMID: 31823676 PMCID: PMC6906342 DOI: 10.1177/0046958019894098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Since 2018 and currently in 2019, the United States and Canada experienced a
rapidly spreading measles virus outbreak. The developing outbreak may be due to
a lack of vaccination, an inadequate dosage of measles (MMR) vaccine, clusters
of intentionally under-vaccinated children, imported measles from global travel,
and from those who are immunocompromised or have other life-threatening
diseases. The infection originated mainly from travelers who acquired measles
abroad and has thus led to a major outbreak and health concern not only in the
United States and Canada but also in other parts of the world. According to
World Health Organization, from January 2019 through September 2019, 1234 cases
of measles have been reported in the United States and 91 reported cases in
Canada, while in 2018, 372 and 28 cases were reported in the United States and
Canada, respectively. A potential driving factor to the increased cases maybe
because fewer children have been vaccinated over the last number of years in
both countries. This article is a narrative review of cases discussing the
measles outbreak among partially vaccinated and unvaccinated children and adults
in the United States and Canada in 2018 and 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jessica Gosse
- All Saints University, Kingstown, Saint Vincent, and the Grenadines
| | - Sadaf Younis
- All Saints University, Kingstown, Saint Vincent, and the Grenadines
| | - Jasmine Mangat
- All Saints University, Kingstown, Saint Vincent, and the Grenadines
| | - Henry Chan
- Medical University of the Americas, Charlestown, Saint Kitts, and Nevis
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Abstract
Infectious diseases are caused from pathogens, which need a reliable and fast diagnosis. Today, expert personnel and centralized laboratories are needed to afford much time in diagnosing diseases caused from pathogens. Recent progress in electrochemical studies shows that biosensors are very simple, accurate, precise, and cheap at virus detection, for which researchers find great interest in this field. The clinical levels of these pathogens can be easily analyzed with proposed biosensors. Their working principle is based on affinity between antibody and antigen in body fluids. The progress still continues on these biosensors for accurate, rapid, reliable sensors in future.
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Russell SJ, Babovic-Vuksanovic D, Bexon A, Cattaneo R, Dingli D, Dispenzieri A, Deyle DR, Federspiel MJ, Fielding A, Galanis E, Lacy MQ, Leibovich BC, Liu MC, Muñoz-Alía M, Miest TC, Molina JR, Mueller S, Okuno SH, Packiriswamy N, Peikert T, Raffel C, Van Rhee F, Ungerechts G, Young PR, Zhou Y, Peng KW. Oncolytic Measles Virotherapy and Opposition to Measles Vaccination. Mayo Clin Proc 2019; 94:1834-1839. [PMID: 31235278 PMCID: PMC6800178 DOI: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2019.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Recent measles epidemics in US and European cities where vaccination coverage has declined are providing a harsh reminder for the need to maintain protective levels of immunity across the entire population. Vaccine uptake rates have been declining in large part because of public misinformation regarding a possible association between measles vaccination and autism for which there is no scientific basis. The purpose of this article is to address a new misinformed antivaccination argument-that measles immunity is undesirable because measles virus is protective against cancer. Having worked for many years to develop engineered measles viruses as anticancer therapies, we have concluded (1) that measles is not protective against cancer and (2) that its potential utility as a cancer therapy will be enhanced, not diminished, by prior vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen J Russell
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.
| | | | | | | | - David Dingli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | | | - David R Deyle
- Division of Medical Genetics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | | | - Adele Fielding
- Department of Hematology, UCL Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - Eva Galanis
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Division of Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | | | | | - Minetta C Liu
- Division of Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | | | | | | | - Sabine Mueller
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Scott H Okuno
- Division of Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | | | - Tobias Peikert
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Corey Raffel
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Frits Van Rhee
- UAMS Myeloma Center, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock
| | - Guy Ungerechts
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Paul R Young
- Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL
| | - Yumei Zhou
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Kah-Whye Peng
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
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Generation of recombinant measles virus containing the wild-type P gene to improve its oncolytic efficiency. Microb Pathog 2019; 135:103631. [PMID: 31381964 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2019.103631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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13
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Humphreys IR, Sebastian S. Novel viral vectors in infectious diseases. Immunology 2018; 153:1-9. [PMID: 28869761 PMCID: PMC5721250 DOI: 10.1111/imm.12829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the development of vaccinia virus as a vaccine vector in 1984, the utility of numerous viruses in vaccination strategies has been explored. In recent years, key improvements to existing vectors such as those based on adenovirus have led to significant improvements in immunogenicity and efficacy. Furthermore, exciting new vectors that exploit viruses such as cytomegalovirus (CMV) and vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) have emerged. Herein, we summarize these recent developments in viral vector technologies, focusing on novel vectors based on CMV, VSV, measles and modified adenovirus. We discuss the potential utility of these exciting approaches in eliciting protection against infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian R. Humphreys
- Institute of Infection and Immunity/Systems Immunity University Research InstituteCardiff UniversityCardiffUK
- The Wellcome Trust Sanger InstituteHinxtonUK
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Garg D, Reddy V, Singh RK, Dash D, Bhatia R, Tripathi M. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome as a presenting feature of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis. J Neurovirol 2017; 24:128-131. [PMID: 29243130 DOI: 10.1007/s13365-017-0602-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) is a slowly progressive degenerative disorder caused by measles virus. It is characterised by typical clinical and electrophysiological features in the form of slow myoclonic jerks, with progressive cognitive impairment, visual symptoms, and periodic complexes on EEG, with raised titres of anti-measles antibodies in CSF and serum. Atypical presentations of SSPE have been reported including brainstem involvement, ADEM-like presentation, acute encephalitis, and cerebellar ataxia. Presentation with predominant extrapyramidal features is uncommon. We describe a case of SSPE presenting with extensive rigidity with highly elevated CPK values, mimicking neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) which was most probably due to central dopaminergic blockade induced by the disease process. To our knowledge, this is the first case of SSPE presenting with a NMS-like syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divyani Garg
- Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Varun Reddy
- Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar Singh
- Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
| | - Deepa Dash
- Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Rohit Bhatia
- Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Manjari Tripathi
- Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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15
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Raslan R, El Sayegh S, Chams S, Chams N, Leone A, Hajj Hussein I. Re-Emerging Vaccine-Preventable Diseases in War-Affected Peoples of the Eastern Mediterranean Region-An Update. Front Public Health 2017; 5:283. [PMID: 29119098 PMCID: PMC5661270 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2017.00283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
For the past few decades, the Eastern Mediterranean Region has been one area of the world profoundly shaped by war and political instability. On-going conflict and destruction have left the region struggling with innumerable health concerns that have claimed the lives of many. Wars, and the chaos they leave behind, often provide the optimal conditions for the growth and re-emergence of communicable diseases. In this article, we highlight a few of the major re-emerging vaccine preventable diseases in four countries of the Eastern Mediterranean Region that are currently affected by war leading to a migration crisis: Iraq, South Sudan, Syria, and Yemen. We will also describe the impact these infections have had on patients, societies, and national health care services. This article also describes the efforts, both local and international, which have been made to address these crises, as well as future endeavors that can be done to contain and control further devastation left by these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasha Raslan
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Skye El Sayegh
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Sana Chams
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Rochester, MI, United States
| | - Nour Chams
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Rochester, MI, United States
| | - Angelo Leone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Inaya Hajj Hussein
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Rochester, MI, United States
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Fujiyuki T, Horie R, Yoneda M, Kuraishi T, Yasui F, Kwon HJ, Munekata K, Ikeda F, Hoshi M, Kiso Y, Omi M, Sato H, Kida H, Hattori S, Kohara M, Kai C. Efficacy of recombinant measles virus expressing highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) antigen against HPAIV infection in monkeys. Sci Rep 2017; 7:12017. [PMID: 28931922 PMCID: PMC5607339 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08326-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) is a serious threat not only to domestic fowls but also to humans. Vaccines inducing long-lasting immunity against HPAIV are required. In the present study, we generated recombinant measles virus (MV) expressing the hemagglutinin protein of HPAIV without the multibasic site necessary for its pathogenicity in chickens using the backbone of an MV vaccine strain (rMV-Ed-H5HA) or a wild-type MV-derived mutant (rMV-HL-Vko-H5HA). We examined protective efficacy of the candidate vaccines in the monkey infection model by the challenge with a HPAIV (H5N1). Cynomolgus monkeys inoculated with the candidate vaccines produced both anti-H5 HA and anti-MV antibodies. They recovered earlier from influenza symptoms than unvaccinated monkeys after the challenge with the HPAIV strain. Chest radiography and histopathological analyses confirmed less severe pneumonia in the vaccinated monkeys. Vaccination tended to suppress viral shedding and reduced the interleukin-6 levels in the lungs. Furthermore, the vaccination with rMV-Ed-H5HA of monkeys with pre-existing anti-MV immunity induced the production of anti-H5 HA antibodies. These results suggest that both candidate vaccines effectively reduce disease severity in naïve hosts, and that rMV-Ed-H5HA is a particularly good candidate vaccine against HPAIV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Fujiyuki
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Ryo Horie
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan.,International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Misako Yoneda
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kuraishi
- International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan.,Amami Laboratory of Injurious Animals, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 802, Tean Sude, Setouchi-cho, Oshima-gun, Kagoshima, 894-1531, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Yasui
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6, Kamikitazawa, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 156-8506, Japan
| | - Hyun-Jeong Kwon
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Keisuke Munekata
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6, Kamikitazawa, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 156-8506, Japan
| | - Fusako Ikeda
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Miho Hoshi
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Yuri Kiso
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Mio Omi
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Hiroki Sato
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kida
- Research Center for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, North 20, West 10 Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 001-0020, Japan
| | - Shosaku Hattori
- Amami Laboratory of Injurious Animals, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 802, Tean Sude, Setouchi-cho, Oshima-gun, Kagoshima, 894-1531, Japan
| | - Michinori Kohara
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6, Kamikitazawa, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 156-8506, Japan
| | - Chieko Kai
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan. .,International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan. .,Amami Laboratory of Injurious Animals, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 802, Tean Sude, Setouchi-cho, Oshima-gun, Kagoshima, 894-1531, Japan.
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Oncolytic viruses represent a novel treatment modality that is unencumbered by the standard resistance mechanisms limiting the therapeutic efficacy of conventional antineoplastic agents. Attenuated engineered measles virus strains derived from the Edmonston vaccine lineage have undergone extensive preclinical evaluation with significant antitumor activity observed in a broad range of preclinical tumoral models. These have laid the foundation for several clinical trials in both solid and hematologic malignancies, which have demonstrated safety, biologic activity and the ability to elicit antitumor immune responses. Areas covered: This review examines the published preclinical data which supported the clinical translation of this therapeutic platform, reviews the available clinical trial data and expands on ongoing phase II testing. It also looks at approaches to optimize clinical applicability and offers future perspectives. Expert opinion: Reverse genetic engineering has allowed the generation of oncolytic MV strains retargeted to increase viral tumor specificity, or armed with therapeutic and immunomodulatory genes in order to enhance anti-tumor efficacy. Continuous efforts focusing on exploring methods to overcome resistance pathways and determining optimal combinatorial strategies will facilitate further development of this encouraging antitumor strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Robinson
- a Division of Medical Oncology , Mayo Clinic , Rochester , MN , USA
| | - Evanthia Galanis
- a Division of Medical Oncology , Mayo Clinic , Rochester , MN , USA
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18
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Meng FY, Sun Y, Shen YG, Pan HF, Tang JH, Wang BB, Wu CH, Ye DQ. Safety of measles-containing vaccines in post-marketing surveillance in Anhui, China. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0172108. [PMID: 28192490 PMCID: PMC5305249 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0172108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The safety of measles vaccination is of great interest and importance to public health practice and the general society. We have analyzed the adverse events following immunization (AEFIs) of currently used measles-containing vaccines (including live attenuated measles vaccine, live attenuated measles and rubella combined vaccine, live attenuated measles and mumps combined vaccine, live attenuated Measles, Mumps and Rubella Combined Vaccine) in Anhui Province, China. From 2009 to 2014, 9.9 million doses of measles-containing vaccines were administrated and 1893 AEFIs were found (191.4 per million doses), of which, 33 serious AEFIs (3.3 per million vaccine doses) were reported. 59.4% (1124 cases) were male cases, and 85.1% (1611 cases) occurred in persons aged < 1 year. 93.3% (1766 cases) occurred at the first dose of vaccination and 95.9% (1815 cases) were found within 3 days after vaccination. This study presents up-to-date data and suggests that the measles-containing vaccines used in Anhui Province of China are safe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan-Ya Meng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Department of Immunization and Prevention, Anhui Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yong Sun
- Department of Immunization and Prevention, Anhui Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yong-Gang Shen
- Department of Immunization and Prevention, Anhui Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Hai-Feng Pan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Ji-Hai Tang
- Department of Immunization and Prevention, Anhui Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Bin-Bing Wang
- Department of Immunization and Prevention, Anhui Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Chang-Hao Wu
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Dong-Qing Ye
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui, China
- * E-mail:
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19
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Jiang Y, Qin Y, Chen M. Host-Pathogen Interactions in Measles Virus Replication and Anti-Viral Immunity. Viruses 2016; 8:v8110308. [PMID: 27854326 PMCID: PMC5127022 DOI: 10.3390/v8110308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Revised: 11/06/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The measles virus (MeV) is a contagious pathogenic RNA virus of the family Paramyxoviridae, genus Morbillivirus, that can cause serious symptoms and even fetal complications. Here, we summarize current molecular advances in MeV research, and emphasize the connection between host cells and MeV replication. Although measles has reemerged recently, the potential for its eradication is promising with significant progress in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of its replication and host-pathogen interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanliang Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and Modern Virology Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Yali Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and Modern Virology Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Mingzhou Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and Modern Virology Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
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20
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Dundar NO, Gencpinar P, Sallakci N, Duman O, Haspolat S, Anlar B, Yegin O. Interleukin-12 (-1188) A/C and interferon-γ (+874) A/T gene polymorphisms in subacute sclerosing panencephalitis patients. J Neurovirol 2016; 22:661-665. [DOI: 10.1007/s13365-016-0442-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Revised: 03/28/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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21
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Abstract
Despite the tremendous progress in controlling measles in China, there was measles outbreak in Beijing which was a result of cluster of unvaccinated people or people failure to vaccinate. In order to accelerate measles control efforts and achieve and high levels of measles immunity, it is helpful to implement more targeted management strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Meina
- a The Second Military Medical University; Faculty of Health Service; Institute of Military Health Management, PLA ; Shanghai , China
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Ho TH, Kew C, Lui PY, Chan CP, Satoh T, Akira S, Jin DY, Kok KH. PACT- and RIG-I-Dependent Activation of Type I Interferon Production by a Defective Interfering RNA Derived from Measles Virus Vaccine. J Virol 2016; 90:1557-68. [PMID: 26608320 PMCID: PMC4719617 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.02161-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED The live attenuated measles virus vaccine is highly immunostimulatory. Identification and characterization of its components that activate the innate immune response might provide new strategies and agents for the rational design and development of chemically defined adjuvants. In this study, we report on the activation of type I interferon (IFN) production by a defective interfering (DI) RNA isolated from the Hu-191 vaccine strain of measles virus. We found that the Hu-191 virus induced IFN-β much more potently than the Edmonston strain. In the search for IFN-inducing species in Hu-191, we identified a DI RNA specifically expressed by this strain. This DI RNA, which was of the copy-back type, was predicted to fold into a hairpin structure with a long double-stranded stem region of 206 bp, and it potently induced the expression of IFN-β. Its IFN-β-inducing activity was further enhanced when both cytoplasmic RNA sensor RIG-I and its partner, PACT, were overexpressed. On the contrary, this activity was abrogated in cells deficient in PACT or RIG-I. The DI RNA was found to be associated with PACT in infected cells. In addition, both the 5'-di/triphosphate end and the double-stranded stem region on the DI RNA were essential for its activation of PACT and RIG-I. Taken together, our findings support a model in which a viral DI RNA is sensed by PACT and RIG-I to initiate an innate antiviral response. Our work might also provide a foundation for identifying physiological PACT ligands and developing novel adjuvants or antivirals. IMPORTANCE The live attenuated measles virus vaccine is one of the most successful human vaccines and has largely contained the devastating impact of a highly contagious virus. Identifying the components in this vaccine that stimulate the host immune response and understanding their mechanism of action might help to design and develop better adjuvants, vaccines, antivirals, and immunotherapeutic agents. We identified and characterized a defective interfering RNA from the Hu-191 vaccine strain of measles virus which has safely been used in millions of people for many years. We further demonstrated that this RNA potently induces an antiviral immune response through cellular sensors of viral RNA known as PACT and RIG-I. Similar types of viral RNA that bind with and activate PACT and RIG-I might retain the immunostimulatory property of measles virus vaccines but would not induce adaptive immunity. They are potentially useful as chemically defined vaccine adjuvants, antivirals, and immunostimulatory agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Hin Ho
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Chun Kew
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Pak-Yin Lui
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Chi-Ping Chan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Takashi Satoh
- Department of Host Defense, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shizuo Akira
- Department of Host Defense, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Dong-Yan Jin
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Kin-Hang Kok
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
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23
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External Quality Assessment for the Detection of Measles Virus by Reverse Transcription-PCR Using Armored RNA. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0134681. [PMID: 26244795 PMCID: PMC4526687 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0134681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2015] [Accepted: 07/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, nucleic acid tests for detection of measles virus RNA have been widely applied in laboratories belonging to the measles surveillance system of China. An external quality assessment program was established by the National Center for Clinical Laboratories to evaluate the performance of nucleic acid tests for measles virus. The external quality assessment panel, which consisted of 10 specimens, was prepared using armored RNAs, complex of noninfectious MS2 bacteriophage coat proteins encapsulated RNA of measles virus, as measles virus surrogate controls. Conserved sequences amplified from a circulating measles virus strain or from a vaccine strain were encapsulated into these armored RNAs. Forty-one participating laboratories from 15 provinces, municipalities, or autonomous regions that currently conduct molecular detection of measles virus enrolled in the external quality assessment program, including 40 measles surveillance system laboratories and one diagnostic reagent manufacturer. Forty laboratories used commercial reverse transcription-quantitative PCR kits, with only one laboratory applying a conventional PCR method developed in-house. The results indicated that most of the participants (38/41, 92.7%) were able to accurately detect the panel with 100% sensitivity and 100% specificity. Although a wide range of commercially available kits for nucleic acid extraction and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction were used by the participants, only two false-negative results and one false-positive result were generated; these were generated by three separate laboratories. Both false-negative results were obtained with tests performed on specimens with the lowest concentration (1.2 × 104 genomic equivalents/mL). In addition, all 18 participants from Beijing achieved 100% sensitivity and 100% specificity. Overall, we conclude that the majority of the laboratories evaluated have reliable diagnostic capacities for the detection of measles virus.
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Driscoll CB, Tonne JM, El Khatib M, Cattaneo R, Ikeda Y, Devaux P. Nuclear reprogramming with a non-integrating human RNA virus. Stem Cell Res Ther 2015; 6:48. [PMID: 25889591 PMCID: PMC4415226 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-015-0035-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2014] [Revised: 09/10/2014] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Advances in the field of stem cells have led to novel avenues for generating induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from differentiated somatic cells. iPSCs are typically obtained by the introduction of four factors--OCT4, SOX2, KLF4, and cMYC--via integrating vectors. Here, we report the feasibility of a novel reprogramming process based on vectors derived from the non-integrating vaccine strain of measles virus (MV). METHODS We produced a one-cycle MV vector by substituting the viral attachment protein gene with the green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene. This vector was further engineered to encode for OCT4 in an additional transcription unit. RESULTS After verification of OCT4 expression, we assessed the ability of iPSC reprogramming. The reprogramming vector cocktail with the OCT4-expressing MV vector and SOX2-, KLF4-, and cMYC-expressing lentiviral vectors efficiently transduced human skin fibroblasts and formed iPSC colonies. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and immunostaining confirmed induction of endogenous pluripotency-associated marker genes, such as SSEA-4, TRA-1-60, and Nanog. Pluripotency of derived clones was confirmed by spontaneous differentiation into three germ layers, teratoma formation, and guided differentiation into beating cardiomyocytes. CONCLUSIONS MV vectors can induce efficient nuclear reprogramming. Given the excellent safety record of MV vaccines and the translational capabilities recently developed to produce MV-based vectors now used for cancer clinical trials, our MV vector system provides an RNA-based, non-integrating gene transfer platform for nuclear reprogramming that is amenable for immediate clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher B Driscoll
- Department of Molecular Medicine, and Virology and Gene Therapy Graduate Track, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
| | - Jason M Tonne
- Department of Molecular Medicine, and Virology and Gene Therapy Graduate Track, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
| | - Moustafa El Khatib
- Department of Molecular Medicine, and Virology and Gene Therapy Graduate Track, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
| | - Roberto Cattaneo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, and Virology and Gene Therapy Graduate Track, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
| | - Yasuhiro Ikeda
- Department of Molecular Medicine, and Virology and Gene Therapy Graduate Track, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
| | - Patricia Devaux
- Department of Molecular Medicine, and Virology and Gene Therapy Graduate Track, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
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