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Korover N, Etzion S, Cherniak A, Rabinski T, Levitas A, Etzion Y, Ofir R, Parvari R, Cohen S. Functional defects in hiPSCs-derived cardiomyocytes from patients with a PLEKHM2-mutation associated with dilated cardiomyopathy and left ventricular non-compaction. Biol Res 2023; 56:34. [PMID: 37349842 PMCID: PMC10288792 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-023-00442-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a primary myocardial disease, leading to heart failure and excessive risk of sudden cardiac death with rather poorly understood pathophysiology. In 2015, Parvari's group identified a recessive mutation in the autophagy regulator, PLEKHM2 gene, in a family with severe recessive DCM and left ventricular non-compaction (LVNC). Fibroblasts isolated from these patients exhibited abnormal subcellular distribution of endosomes, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes and had impaired autophagy flux. To better understand the effect of mutated PLEKHM2 on cardiac tissue, we generated and characterized induced pluripotent stem cells-derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs) from two patients and a healthy control from the same family. The patient iPSC-CMs showed low expression levels of genes encoding for contractile functional proteins (α and β-myosin heavy chains and 2v and 2a-myosin light chains), structural proteins integral to heart contraction (Troponin C, T and I) and proteins participating in Ca2+ pumping action (SERCA2 and Calsequestrin 2) compared to their levels in control iPSC-derived CMs. Furthermore, the sarcomeres of the patient iPSC-CMs were less oriented and aligned compared to control cells and generated slowly beating foci with lower intracellular calcium amplitude and abnormal calcium transient kinetics, measured by IonOptix system and MuscleMotion software. Autophagy in patient's iPSC-CMs was impaired as determined from a decrease in the accumulation of autophagosomes in response to chloroquine and rapamycin treatment, compared to control iPSC-CMs. Impairment in autophagy together with the deficiency in the expression of NKX2.5, MHC, MLC, Troponins and CASQ2 genes, which are related to contraction-relaxation coupling and intracellular Ca2+ signaling, may contribute to the defective function of the patient CMs and possibly affect cell maturation and cardiac failure with time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataly Korover
- Avram and Stella Goldstein-Goren Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer-Sheva, Israel.
| | - Sharon Etzion
- Regenerative Medicine & Stem Cell Research Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Alexander Cherniak
- Avram and Stella Goldstein-Goren Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Tatiana Rabinski
- Regenerative Medicine & Stem Cell Research Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Aviva Levitas
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Soroka University Medical Center and Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Yoram Etzion
- Regenerative Medicine & Stem Cell Research Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer-Sheva, Israel
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Rivka Ofir
- Regenerative Medicine & Stem Cell Research Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer-Sheva, Israel
- Dead Sea & Arava Science Center, 8691000, Masada, Israel
| | - Ruti Parvari
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer-Sheva, Israel
- National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Smadar Cohen
- Avram and Stella Goldstein-Goren Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer-Sheva, Israel
- Regenerative Medicine & Stem Cell Research Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer-Sheva, Israel
- Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer-Sheva, Israel
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2
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Lazo OM, Schiavo G. Rab10 regulates the sorting of internalised TrkB for retrograde axonal transport. eLife 2023; 12:81532. [PMID: 36897066 PMCID: PMC10005780 DOI: 10.7554/elife.81532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurons process real-time information from axon terminals to coordinate gene expression, growth, and plasticity. Inputs from distal axons are encoded as a stream of endocytic organelles, termed signalling endosomes, targeted to the soma. Formation of these organelles depends on target-derived molecules, such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), which is recognised by TrkB receptors on the plasma membrane, endocytosed, and transported to the cell body along the microtubules network. Notwithstanding its physiological and neuropathological importance, the mechanism controlling the sorting of TrkB to signalling endosomes is currently unknown. In this work, we use primary mouse neurons to uncover the small GTPase Rab10 as critical for TrkB sorting and propagation of BDNF signalling from axon terminals to the soma. Our data demonstrate that Rab10 defines a novel membrane compartment that is rapidly mobilised towards the axon terminal upon BDNF stimulation, enabling the axon to fine-tune retrograde signalling depending on BDNF availability at the synapse. These results help clarifying the neuroprotective phenotype recently associated to Rab10 polymorphisms in Alzheimer's disease and provide a new therapeutic target to halt neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Marcelo Lazo
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases and UCL Queen Square Motor Neuron Disease Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCLLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Giampietro Schiavo
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases and UCL Queen Square Motor Neuron Disease Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCLLondonUnited Kingdom
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3
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Cason SE, Holzbaur EL. Axonal transport of autophagosomes is regulated by dynein activators JIP3/JIP4 and ARF/RAB GTPases. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.28.526044. [PMID: 36747648 PMCID: PMC9901177 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.28.526044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Neuronal autophagosomes, "self-eating" degradative organelles, form at presynaptic sites in the distal axon and are transported to the soma to recycle their cargo. During transit, autophagic vacuoles (AVs) mature through fusion with lysosomes to acquire the enzymes necessary to breakdown their cargo. AV transport is driven primarily by the microtubule motor cytoplasmic dynein in concert with dynactin and a series of activating adaptors that change depending on organelle maturation state. The transport of mature AVs is regulated by the scaffolding proteins JIP3 and JIP4, both of which activate dynein motility in vitro. AV transport is also regulated by ARF6 in a GTP-dependent fashion. While GTP-bound ARF6 promotes the formation of the JIP3/4-dynein-dynactin complex, RAB10 competes with the activity of this complex by increasing kinesin recruitment to axonal AVs and lysosomes. These interactions highlight the complex coordination of motors regulating organelle transport in neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sydney E. Cason
- Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania
- Neuroscience Graduate Group, University of Pennsylvania
- Pennsylvania Muscle Institute, University of Pennsylvania
| | - Erika L.F. Holzbaur
- Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania
- Neuroscience Graduate Group, University of Pennsylvania
- Pennsylvania Muscle Institute, University of Pennsylvania
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4
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Chen L, Zhao ZW, Zeng PH, Zhou YJ, Yin WJ. Molecular mechanisms for ABCA1-mediated cholesterol efflux. Cell Cycle 2022; 21:1121-1139. [PMID: 35192423 PMCID: PMC9103275 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2022.2042777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The maintenance of cellular cholesterol homeostasis is essential for normal cell function and viability. Excessive cholesterol accumulation is detrimental to cells and serves as the molecular basis of many diseases, such as atherosclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, and diabetes mellitus. The peripheral cells do not have the ability to degrade cholesterol. Cholesterol efflux is therefore the only pathway to eliminate excessive cholesterol from these cells. This process is predominantly mediated by ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1), an integral membrane protein. ABCA1 is known to transfer intracellular free cholesterol and phospholipids to apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) for generating nascent high-density lipoprotein (nHDL) particles. nHDL can accept more free cholesterol from peripheral cells. Free cholesterol is then converted to cholesteryl ester by lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase to form mature HDL. HDL-bound cholesterol enters the liver for biliary secretion and fecal excretion. Although how cholesterol is transported by ABCA1 to apoA-I remains incompletely understood, nine models have been proposed to explain this effect. In this review, we focus on the current view of the mechanisms underlying ABCA1-mediated cholesterol efflux to provide an important framework for future investigation and lipid-lowering therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Zhen-Wang Zhao
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Lab for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Peng-Hui Zeng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Ying-Jie Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Wen-Jun Yin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China,CONTACT Wen-Jun Yin Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan421001, China
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5
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Kozyraki R, Verroust P, Cases O. Cubilin, the intrinsic factor-vitamin B12 receptor. VITAMINS AND HORMONES 2022; 119:65-119. [PMID: 35337634 DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2022.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cubilin (CUBN), the intrinsic factor-vitamin B12 receptor is a large endocytic protein involved in various physiological functions: vitamin B12 uptake in the gut; reabsorption of albumin and maturation of vitamin D in the kidney; nutrient delivery during embryonic development. Cubilin is an atypical receptor, peripherally associated to the plasma membrane. The transmembrane proteins amnionless (AMN) and Lrp2/Megalin are the currently known molecular partners contributing to plasma membrane transport and internalization of Cubilin. The role of Cubilin/Amn complex in the handling of vitamin B12 in health and disease has extensively been studied and so is the role of the Cubilin-Lrp2 tandem in renal pathophysiology. Accumulating evidence strongly supports a role of Cubilin in some developmental defects including impaired closure of the neural tube. Are these defects primarily caused by the dysfunction of a specific Cubilin ligand or are they secondary to impaired vitamin B12 or protein uptake? We will present the established Cubilin functions, discuss the developmental data and provide an overview of the emerging implications of Cubilin in the field of cardiovascular disease and cancer pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Kozyraki
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Université de Paris, Paris, France.
| | - Pierre Verroust
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Cases
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Université de Paris, Paris, France
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6
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Bileck A, Bortel P, Kriz M, Janker L, Kiss E, Gerner C, Del Favero G. Inward Outward Signaling in Ovarian Cancer: Morpho-Phospho-Proteomic Profiling Upon Application of Hypoxia and Shear Stress Characterizes the Adaptive Plasticity of OVCAR-3 and SKOV-3 Cells. Front Oncol 2022; 11:746411. [PMID: 35251951 PMCID: PMC8896345 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.746411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
With the onset of resistance, ovarian cancer cells display almost unpredictable adaptive potential. This may derive from the tumor genetic ancestry and can be additionally tailored by post translational protein modifications (PTMs). In this study, we took advantage of high-end (phospho)-proteome analysis combined with multiparametric morphometric profiling in high-grade serous (OVCAR-3) and non-serous (SKOV-3) ovarian carcinoma cells. For functional experiments, we applied two different protocols, representing typical conditions of the abdominal cavity and of the growing tumor tissue: on the one side hypoxia (oxygen 1%) which develops within the tumor mass or is experienced during migration/extravasation in non-vascularized areas. On the other hand, fluid shear stress (250 rpm, 2.8 dyn/cm2) which affects tumor surface in the peritoneum or metastases in the bloodstream. After 3 hours incubation, treatment groups were clearly distinguishable by PCA analysis. Whereas basal proteome profiles of OVCAR-3 and SKOV-3 cells appeared almost unchanged, phosphoproteome analysis revealed multiple regulatory events. These affected primarily cellular structure and proliferative potential and consolidated in the proteome signature after 24h treatment. Upon oxygen reduction, metabolism switched toward glycolysis (e.g. upregulation hexokinase-2; HK2) and cell size increased, in concerted regulation of pathways related to Rho-GTPases and/or cytoskeletal elements, resembling a vasculogenic mimicry response. Shear stress regulated proteins governing cell cycle and structure, as well as the lipid metabolism machinery including the delta(14)-sterol reductase, kinesin-like proteins (KIF-22/20A) and the actin-related protein 2/3 complex. Independent microscopy-based validation experiments confirmed cell-type specific morphometric responses. In conclusion, we established a robust workflow enabling the description of the adaptive potential of ovarian cancer cells to physical and chemical stressors typical for the abdominal cavity and supporting the identification of novel molecular mechanisms sustaining tumor plasticity and pharmacologic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Bileck
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Joint Metabolome Facility, University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Patricia Bortel
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michelle Kriz
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Chemistry University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lukas Janker
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Endre Kiss
- Core Facility Multimodal Imaging, Faculty of Chemistry University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christopher Gerner
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Joint Metabolome Facility, University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Core Facility Multimodal Imaging, Faculty of Chemistry University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- *Correspondence: Giorgia Del Favero, ; Christopher Gerner,
| | - Giorgia Del Favero
- Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Chemistry University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Core Facility Multimodal Imaging, Faculty of Chemistry University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- *Correspondence: Giorgia Del Favero, ; Christopher Gerner,
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7
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Zhang J, Jiang Z, Shi A. Rab GTPases: The principal players in crafting the regulatory landscape of endosomal trafficking. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2022; 20:4464-4472. [PMID: 36051867 PMCID: PMC9418685 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2022.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
After endocytosis, diverse cargos are sorted into endosomes and directed to various destinations, including extracellular macromolecules, membrane lipids, and membrane proteins. Some cargos are returned to the plasma membrane via endocytic recycling. In contrast, others are delivered to the Golgi apparatus through the retrograde pathway, while the rest are transported to late endosomes and eventually to lysosomes for degradation. Rab GTPases are major regulators that ensure cargos are delivered to their proper destinations. Rabs are localized to distinct endosomes and play predominant roles in membrane budding, vesicle formation and motility, vesicle tethering, and vesicle fusion by recruiting effectors. The cascades between Rabs via shared effectors or the recruitment of Rab activators provide an additional layer of spatiotemporal regulation of endocytic trafficking. Notably, several recent studies have indicated that disorders of Rab-mediated endocytic transports are closely associated with diseases such as immunodeficiency, cancer, and neurological disorders.
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8
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Grahammer F, Huber TB, Artunc F. Role of mTOR Signaling for Tubular Function and Disease. Physiology (Bethesda) 2021; 36:350-358. [PMID: 34514872 DOI: 10.1152/physiol.00021.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) forms two distinct intracellular multiprotein complexes that control a multitude of intracellular processes linked to metabolism, proliferation, actin cytoskeleton, and survival. Recent studies have identified the importance of these complexes for transport regulation of ions and nutrients along the entire nephron. First reports could link altered activity of these complexes to certain disease entities, i.e. diabetic nephropathy, acute kidney injury or hyperkalemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Grahammer
- Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tobias B Huber
- Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ferruh Artunc
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Nephrology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Institute of Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases, Helmholtz Center Munich, University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research, University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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9
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Sun Z, Huang J, Su L, Li J, Qi F, Su H, Chen Y, Zhang Q, Zhang Q, Li Z, Zhang S. Arf6-mediated macropinocytosis-enhanced suicide gene therapy of C16TAB-condensed Tat/pDNA nanoparticles in ovarian cancer. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:14538-14551. [PMID: 34473182 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr03974a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The use of cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs), typically HIV-Tat, to deliver therapeutic genes for cancer treatment is hampered by the inefficient delivery and complicated uptake route of plasmid DNA (pDNA). On the one hand, surface charges, particle size and shape essentially contribute to the endocytosis pathway of Tat/pDNA nanocomplexes, and on the other hand, endogenous cellular factors dominantly determine their intracellular trafficking fate and biological outcome. Recent advances in surfactant-modified nanomaterial and dual molecular imaging technology have offered new opportunities for suicide gene therapy. In this study, we employed the cationic surfactant C16TAB to further condense Tat/pDNA nanocomplexes for improving their delivery efficiency and tested the therapeutic effect of Tat/pDNA/C16TAB (T-P-C) nanoparticles carrying the GCV-converted HSV-ttk suicide gene for ovarian cancer. The cellular endocytosis pathway and underlying signal mechanism of T-P-C nanoparticles were further determined. The obtained T-P-C nanoparticles exhibited a small size, positive surface charge, irregular granular shape and high pDNA encapsulation efficiency. The in vitro experiments showed that T-P-C nanoparticles mainly used the macropinocytosis pathway for uptake in ovarian cancer cells. Their internalization and payload gene expression were controlled by the Arf6 GTPase-dependent, Rab GTPase-activated signal axis. Further in vivo molecular imaging based on DF (Fluc-eGFP)-TF (RFP-Rluc-HSV-ttk) system showed that T-P-C nanoparticles significantly increased the targeted delivery and suicide gene therapy in a mouse model xenografted with human ovarian cancer. More importantly, Arf6-mediated macropinocytosis remarkably enhanced the delivery efficiency and suicide gene therapy effect of T-P-C nanoparticles. Therefore, these C16TAB-condensed Tat/pDNA nanoparticles combined with the dual molecular imaging strategy provides a novel intracellular delivery platform for high-efficient, precise suicide gene therapy of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Sun
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Weijin Road 92, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Jinhai Huang
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Weijin Road 92, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Linjia Su
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, P.R. China.
| | - Jing Li
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, P.R. China.
| | - Fangzheng Qi
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, P.R. China.
| | - Huishan Su
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, P.R. China.
| | - Yanan Chen
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, P.R. China.
| | - Qing Zhang
- Cancer Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Qiangzhe Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Zongjin Li
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, P.R. China.
| | - Sihe Zhang
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, P.R. China.
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10
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Singh V, Davidson AC, Hume PJ, Koronakis V. Arf6 Can Trigger Wave Regulatory Complex-Dependent Actin Assembly Independent of Arno. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21072457. [PMID: 32252226 PMCID: PMC7177560 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The small GTPase ADP-ribosylation factor 6 (Arf6) anchors at the plasma membrane to orchestrate key functions, such as membrane trafficking and regulating cortical actin cytoskeleton rearrangement. A number of studies have identified key players that interact with Arf6 to regulate actin dynamics in diverse cell processes, yet it is still unknown whether Arf6 can directly signal to the wave regulatory complex to mediate actin assembly. By reconstituting actin dynamics on supported lipid bilayers, we found that Arf6 in co-ordination with Rac1(Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1) can directly trigger actin polymerization by recruiting wave regulatory complex components. Interestingly, we demonstrated that Arf6 triggers actin assembly at the membrane directly without recruiting the Arf guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) ARNO (ARF nucleotide-binding site opener), which is able to activate Arf1 to enable WRC-dependent actin assembly. Furthermore, using labelled E. coli, we demonstrated that actin assembly by Arf6 also contributes towards efficient phagocytosis in THP-1 macrophages. Taken together, this study reveals a mechanism for Arf6-driven actin polymerization.
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11
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Lučin P, Kareluša L, Blagojević Zagorac G, Mahmutefendić Lučin H, Pavišić V, Jug Vučko N, Lukanović Jurić S, Marcelić M, Lisnić B, Jonjić S. Cytomegaloviruses Exploit Recycling Rab Proteins in the Sequential Establishment of the Assembly Compartment. Front Cell Dev Biol 2018; 6:165. [PMID: 30564576 PMCID: PMC6288171 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2018.00165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytomegaloviruses (CMV) reorganize membranous system of the cell in order to develop a virion assembly compartment (VAC). The development starts in the early (E) phase of infection with the reorganization of the endosomal system and the Golgi and proceeds to the late phase until newly formed virions are assembled and released. The events in the E phase involve reorganization of the endosomal recycling compartment (ERC) in a series of cellular alterations that are mostly unknown. In this minireview, we discuss the effect of murine CMV infection on Rab proteins, master regulators of membrane trafficking pathways, which in the cascades with their GEFs and GAPs organize the flow of membranes through the ERC. Immunofluorescence analyzes of murine CMV infected cells suggest perturbations of Rab cascades that operate at the ERC. Analysis of cellular transcriptome in the course of both murine and human CMV infection demonstrates the alteration in expression of cellular genes whose products are known to build Rab cascades. These alterations, however, cannot explain perturbations of the ERC. Cellular proteome data available for human CMV infected cells suggests the potential role of RabGAP downregulation at the end of the E phase. However, the very early onset of the ERC alterations in the course of MCMV infection indicates that CMVs exploit Rab cascades to reorganize the ERC, which represents the earliest step in the sequential establishment of the cVAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pero Lučin
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia.,University North - University Center Varaždin, Varaždin, Croatia
| | - Ljerka Kareluša
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | | | - Hana Mahmutefendić Lučin
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia.,University North - University Center Varaždin, Varaždin, Croatia
| | - Valentino Pavišić
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Natalia Jug Vučko
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Silvija Lukanović Jurić
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Marina Marcelić
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Berislav Lisnić
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Stipan Jonjić
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
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12
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Gadahi JA, Ehsan M, Wang S, Zhang Z, Yan R, Song X, Xu L, Li X. Recombinant protein of Haemonchus contortus small GTPase ADP-ribosylation factor 1 (HcARF1) modulate the cell mediated immune response in vitro. Oncotarget 2017; 8:112211-112221. [PMID: 29348819 PMCID: PMC5762504 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
ADP-ribosylation factors (ARFs) are members of the Ras-related small GTPase family involved in the vesicular trafficking regulation. Immunomodulatory effects of these proteinson host cell arenot being addressed yet. H. contortus small GTPase ADP-ribosylation 1 gene (HcARF1) was cloned and recombinant protein of HcARF1 (rHcARF1) was successfully expressed in Escherichia coli. Binding activity of rHcARF1 to goat PBMCs was confirmed by immunofluorescence assay (IFA) and its immunomudulatory effects on cytokine secretion, cell proliferation, cell migration and nitric oxide production (NO) were observed by co-incubation of rHcARF1. IFA results revealed that rHcARF1 could bind to the PBMCs. The interaction of rHcARF1 modulated the cytokine production, the production of IL-4, IL-10 and IL-17 was increased in a dose dependent manner, however, the IFN-γ production was significantly decreased. Cell migration and NO production were significantly increased by rHcARF1, whereas, rHcARF1 treatment significantly suppressed the proliferation of the PBMC in a dose dependent manner. Our findings showed that the rHcARF1 play important roles on the goat PBMCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javaid Ali Gadahi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, PR China.,Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Sindh Agriculture University, Tando Jam, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ehsan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Shuai Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Zhenchao Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Ruofeng Yan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Xiaokai Song
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Lixin Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Xiangrui Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, PR China
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13
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Liu H, Wang S, Hang W, Gao J, Zhang W, Cheng Z, Yang C, He J, Zhou J, Chen J, Shi A. LET-413/Erbin acts as a RAB-5 effector to promote RAB-10 activation during endocytic recycling. J Cell Biol 2017; 217:299-314. [PMID: 29079669 PMCID: PMC5748983 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201705136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2017] [Revised: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
RAB-10 is a master regulator of endocytic recycling in polarized epithelial cells. Liu et al. identify LET-413, the Caenorhabditis elegans homolog of Scrib/Erbin, as a RAB-5 effector that is required for the DENN-4–mediated activation of RAB-10 and the control of membrane expansion in the C. elegans intestine. RAB-10/Rab10 is a master regulator of endocytic recycling in epithelial cells. To better understand the regulation of RAB-10 activity, we sought to identify RAB-10(GDP)–interacting proteins. One novel RAB-10(GDP)–binding partner that we identified, LET-413, is the Caenorhabditis elegans homologue of Scrib/Erbin. Here, we focus on the mechanistic role of LET-413 in the regulation of RAB-10 within the C. elegans intestine. We show that LET-413 is a RAB-5 effector and colocalizes with RAB-10 on endosomes, and the overlap of LET-413 with RAB-10 is RAB-5 dependent. Notably, LET-413 enhances the interaction of DENN-4 with RAB-10(GDP) and promotes DENN-4 guanine nucleotide exchange factor activity toward RAB-10. Loss of LET-413 leads to cytosolic dispersion of the RAB-10 effectors TBC-2 and CNT-1. Finally, we demonstrate that the loss of RAB-10 or LET-413 results in abnormal overextensions of lateral membrane. Hence, our studies indicate that LET-413 is required for DENN-4–mediated RAB-10 activation, and the LET-413–assisted RAB-5 to RAB-10 cascade contributes to the integrity of C. elegans intestinal epithelia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shimin Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Weijian Hang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jinghu Gao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wenjuan Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zihang Cheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Chao Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jun He
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Juan Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Anbing Shi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China .,Institute for Brain Research, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Key Laboratory of Neurological Disease of National Education Ministry, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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14
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Marwaha R, Arya SB, Jagga D, Kaur H, Tuli A, Sharma M. The Rab7 effector PLEKHM1 binds Arl8b to promote cargo traffic to lysosomes. J Cell Biol 2017; 216:1051-1070. [PMID: 28325809 PMCID: PMC5379943 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201607085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Revised: 12/30/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Endocytic, autophagic, and phagocytic vesicles move on microtubule tracks to fuse with lysosomes. Small GTPases, such as Rab7 and Arl8b, recruit their downstream effectors to mediate this transport and fusion. However, the potential cross talk between these two GTPases is unclear. Here, we show that the Rab7 effector PLEKHM1 simultaneously binds Rab7 and Arl8b, bringing about clustering and fusion of late endosomes and lysosomes. We show that the N-terminal RUN domain of PLEKHM1 is necessary and sufficient for interaction with Arl8b and its subsequent localization to lysosomes. Notably, we also demonstrate that Arl8b mediates recruitment of HOPS complex to PLEKHM1-positive vesicle contact sites. Consequently, Arl8b binding to PLEKHM1 is required for its function in delivery and, therefore, degradation of endocytic and autophagic cargo in lysosomes. Finally, we also show that PLEKHM1 competes with SKIP for Arl8b binding, which dictates lysosome positioning. These findings suggest that Arl8b, along with its effectors, orchestrates lysosomal transport and fusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rituraj Marwaha
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Mohali, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Subhash B Arya
- Division of Cell Biology and Immunology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh 160036, India
| | - Divya Jagga
- Division of Cell Biology and Immunology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh 160036, India
| | - Harmeet Kaur
- Division of Cell Biology and Immunology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh 160036, India
| | - Amit Tuli
- Division of Cell Biology and Immunology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh 160036, India
| | - Mahak Sharma
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Mohali, Punjab 140306, India
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15
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Zhu X, Zhou T, Chen L, Zheng S, Chen S, Zhang D, Li G, Wang Z. Arf6 controls endocytosis and polarity during asexual development of Magnaporthe oryzae. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2016; 363:fnw248. [PMID: 27810885 DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnw248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 03/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Asexual development of phytopathogenic fungi such as Magnaporthe oryzae involves morphological changes that require spatiotemporal regulation of polarized growth. ADP-ribosylation factor 6 (Arf6) is a small GTPase known to regulate membrane trafficking and organization of the actin cytoskeleton at the cell surface, and consequently has an impact on cell morphology and polarity. In this study, we have functionally characterized the Arf6 homolog in M. oryzae, showing that ▵arf6 exhibits hyperbranching at hyphal tips and morphologically abnormal conidia as a result of defective polarized growth. ▵arf6 hyphae are also defective in endocytosis as evidenced by a significant delay of FM4-64 uptake. Most ▵arf6 conidia display reduced conidial length, and have defects in conidial septum formation and nuclear distribution. Furthermore, ▵arf6 conidia show a disorganized actin cytoskeleton with random distribution of actin patches at the cell cortex and reduced accumulation of tropomyosin. Arf6-GFP is found to concentrate at the septum area and possibly in endocytic vesicles. Taken together, our data indicate that Arf6 plays an essential role in endocytosis and polarity establishment during asexual development of M. oryzae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohan Zhu
- Fujian-Taiwan Joint Center for Ecological Control of Crop Pests, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China.,Key Laboratory for Functional Genomics of Plant Fungal Pathogens, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Tengsheng Zhou
- Fujian-Taiwan Joint Center for Ecological Control of Crop Pests, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China .,Key Laboratory for Functional Genomics of Plant Fungal Pathogens, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Liqiong Chen
- Fujian-Taiwan Joint Center for Ecological Control of Crop Pests, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China.,Key Laboratory for Functional Genomics of Plant Fungal Pathogens, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Shiqin Zheng
- Fujian-Taiwan Joint Center for Ecological Control of Crop Pests, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Shaohua Chen
- Fujian-Taiwan Joint Center for Ecological Control of Crop Pests, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Dongmei Zhang
- Fujian-Taiwan Joint Center for Ecological Control of Crop Pests, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China .,Key Laboratory for Functional Genomics of Plant Fungal Pathogens, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Guangpu Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Zonghua Wang
- Fujian-Taiwan Joint Center for Ecological Control of Crop Pests, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China.,Key Laboratory for Functional Genomics of Plant Fungal Pathogens, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
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16
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Grahammer F, Ramakrishnan SK, Rinschen MM, Larionov AA, Syed M, Khatib H, Roerden M, Sass JO, Helmstaedter M, Osenberg D, Kühne L, Kretz O, Wanner N, Jouret F, Benzing T, Artunc F, Huber TB, Theilig F. mTOR Regulates Endocytosis and Nutrient Transport in Proximal Tubular Cells. J Am Soc Nephrol 2016; 28:230-241. [PMID: 27297946 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2015111224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 05/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal proximal tubular cells constantly recycle nutrients to ensure minimal loss of vital substrates into the urine. Although most of the transport mechanisms have been discovered at the molecular level, little is known about the factors regulating these processes. Here, we show that mTORC1 and mTORC2 specifically and synergistically regulate PTC endocytosis and transport processes. Using a conditional mouse genetic approach to disable nonredundant subunits of mTORC1, mTORC2, or both, we showed that mice lacking mTORC1 or mTORC1/mTORC2 but not mTORC2 alone develop a Fanconi-like syndrome of glucosuria, phosphaturia, aminoaciduria, low molecular weight proteinuria, and albuminuria. Interestingly, proteomics and phosphoproteomics of freshly isolated kidney cortex identified either reduced expression or loss of phosphorylation at critical residues of different classes of specific transport proteins. Functionally, this resulted in reduced nutrient transport and a profound perturbation of the endocytic machinery, despite preserved absolute expression of the main scavenger receptors, MEGALIN and CUBILIN. Our findings highlight a novel mTOR-dependent regulatory network for nutrient transport in renal proximal tubular cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Grahammer
- Department of Medicine IV, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Suresh K Ramakrishnan
- Institute of Anatomy, Department of Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Markus M Rinschen
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Alexey A Larionov
- Institute of Anatomy, Department of Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Maryam Syed
- Institute of Anatomy, Department of Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Hazim Khatib
- Department of Medical IV, Sektion Nieren- und Hochdruckkrankheiten, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Malte Roerden
- Department of Medical IV, Sektion Nieren- und Hochdruckkrankheiten, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jörn Oliver Sass
- Bioanalytics and Biochemistry, Department of Natural Sciences, Bonn Rhein Sieg University of Applied Sciences, Rheinbach, Germany.,Division of Clinical Chemistry and Biochemistry and Children's Research Centre, University Children's Hospital Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Martin Helmstaedter
- Department of Medicine IV, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Dorothea Osenberg
- Department of Medicine IV, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Lucas Kühne
- Department of Medicine IV, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Kretz
- Department of Medicine IV, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Nicola Wanner
- Department of Medicine IV, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Francois Jouret
- Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Génoprotéomique Appliquée, Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Liège, Liege, Belgium; and
| | - Thomas Benzing
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ferruh Artunc
- Department of Medical IV, Sektion Nieren- und Hochdruckkrankheiten, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Tobias B Huber
- Department of Medicine IV, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; .,BIOSS, Centre for Biological Signalling Studies and.,FRIAS, Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies and ZBSA, Center for Biological System Analysis, Albert Ludwigs University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Franziska Theilig
- Institute of Anatomy, Department of Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland;
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17
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Tan X, Thapa N, Choi S, Anderson RA. Emerging roles of PtdIns(4,5)P2--beyond the plasma membrane. J Cell Sci 2015; 128:4047-56. [PMID: 26574506 PMCID: PMC4712784 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.175208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphoinositides are a collection of lipid messengers that regulate most subcellular processes. Amongst the seven phosphoinositide species, the roles for phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate [PtdIns(4,5)P2] at the plasma membrane, such as in endocytosis, exocytosis, actin polymerization and focal adhesion assembly, have been extensively studied. Recent studies have argued for the existence of PtdIns(4,5)P2 at multiple intracellular compartments, including the nucleus, endosomes, lysosomes, autolysosomes, autophagic precursor membranes, ER, mitochondria and the Golgi complex. Although the generation, regulation and functions of PtdIns(4,5)P2 are less well-defined in most other intracellular compartments, accumulating evidence demonstrates crucial roles for PtdIns(4,5)P2 in endolysosomal trafficking, endosomal recycling, as well as autophagosomal pathways, which are the focus of this Commentary. We summarize and discuss how phosphatidylinositol phosphate kinases, PtdIns(4,5)P2 and PtdIns(4,5)P2-effectors regulate these intracellular protein and membrane trafficking events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Tan
- Program in Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, 1300 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Narendra Thapa
- Program in Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, 1300 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Suyong Choi
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, 1300 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Richard A Anderson
- Program in Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, 1300 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706, USA Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, 1300 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706, USA
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