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Choudhury FK, Premkumar V, Zecha J, Boyd J, Gaynor AS, Guo Z, Martin T, Cimbro R, Allman EL, Hess S. Multiomics Characterization of a Less Invasive Microfluidic-Based Cell Sorting Technique. J Proteome Res 2024. [PMID: 38417049 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.3c00773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
Fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) is a specialized technique to isolate specific cell subpopulations with a high level of recovery and accuracy. However, the cell sorting procedure can impact the viability and metabolic state of cells. Here, we performed a comparative study and evaluated the impact of traditional high-pressure charged droplet-based and microfluidic chip-based sorting on the metabolic and phosphoproteomic profile of different cell types. While microfluidic chip-based sorted cells more closely resembled the unsorted control group for most cell types tested, the droplet-based sorted cells showed significant metabolic and phosphoproteomic alterations. In particular, greater changes in redox and energy status were present in cells sorted with the droplet-based cell sorter along with larger shifts in proteostasis. 13C-isotope tracing analysis on cells recovering postsorting revealed that the sorter-induced suppression of mitochondrial TCA cycle activity recovered faster in the microfluidic chip-based sorted group. Apart from this, amino acid and lipid biosynthesis pathways were suppressed in sorted cells, with minimum impact and faster recovery in the microfluidic chip-based sorted group. These results indicate microfluidic chip-based sorting has a minimum impact on metabolism and is less disruptive compared to droplet-based sorting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feroza K Choudhury
- Dynamic Omics, Centre for Genomics Research (CGR), Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20878, United States
| | - Viji Premkumar
- Dynamic Omics, Centre for Genomics Research (CGR), Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20878, United States
| | - Jana Zecha
- Dynamic Omics, Centre for Genomics Research (CGR), Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20878, United States
| | - Jonathan Boyd
- Dynamic Omics, Centre for Genomics Research (CGR), Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20878, United States
| | - Andrew S Gaynor
- Oncology Cell Therapy, ICC, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20878, United States
| | - Zengli Guo
- Biologics Engineering, Cell Therapeutics and Viral Technologies, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20878, United States
| | - Tom Martin
- Biologics Engineering, Oncology TTD, ADC, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20878, United States
| | - Raffaello Cimbro
- Dynamic Omics, Centre for Genomics Research (CGR), Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge CB2 0AA, United Kingdom
| | - Erik L Allman
- Dynamic Omics, Centre for Genomics Research (CGR), Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20878, United States
| | - Sonja Hess
- Dynamic Omics, Centre for Genomics Research (CGR), Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20878, United States
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Zhao H, Gao H, Zhang Y, Lan T, Wang J, Zhao H, Zhang H, Xue M, Liang H. Folic Acid Protects against Ethanol-Induced Hepatic Mitophagy Imbalance by ROS Scavenging and Attenuating the Elevated Hcy Levels. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:14276-14288. [PMID: 37738285 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c01851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Ample evidence indicates that ethanol-induced oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction are central to the pathogenesis of alcoholic liver disease (ALD). As an adaptive quality control mechanism, mitophagy removes dysfunctional mitochondria to avert hepatic lesions in ALD. Folic acid exhibits potential radical scavenging properties and has been proven to ameliorate mitochondrial disorder in oxidative stress-related diseases. In this study, we aimed to uncover the mitophagy regulatory effects of folic acid in a 10w alcohol C57BL/6J mice feeding model (56% v/v) and L02 cells model cultured with ethanol (2.5% v/v). The results showed that folic acid alleviates ethanol-induced liver injury, decreasing oxidative stress and restoring liver enzyme. Furthermore, folic acid improved the mitochondrial function and inhibited ethanol-activated mitophagy through decreasing PINK1-Parkin and Drp1 expression, which inhibited the release of mitochondrial cytochrome C to the cytoplasm, preventing hepatocyte apoptosis. Intriguingly, folic acid attenuates the elevated hepatic homocysteine (Hcy) level. Additionally, the pretreatment of L02 cells with folic acid also ameliorated Hcy-induced oxidative damage, mitochondrial fission, and mitophagy. In summary, these results suggest that folic acid has beneficial effects in mitophagy remodeling by ROS scavenging and facilitating Hcy metabolism and could be developed as a potential therapeutic agent against ALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huichao Zhao
- Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University. Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Haiqi Gao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Basic Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yabin Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Tongtong Lan
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Jingwen Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Haifeng Zhao
- Qingdao Institute of Food and Drug Inspection, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Huaqi Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Meilan Xue
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Basic Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Hui Liang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
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3
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Marengo L, Fabio MC, Bernal IS, Salguero A, Molina JC, Morón I, Cendán CM, D'Addario C, Pautassi RM. Folate administration ameliorates neurobehavioral effects of prenatal ethanol exposure. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF DRUG AND ALCOHOL ABUSE 2023; 49:63-75. [PMID: 36722686 DOI: 10.1080/00952990.2022.2159425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Background: Prenatal ethanol exposure (PEE) induces heightened ethanol intake at adolescence in preclinical studies. Ethanol intake alters the absorption of folate, a methyl-group donor critical for numerous cellular functions. The prenatal administration of folate is, therefore, a promising approach to reduce the effects of PEE.Objectives: Experiment 1 determined if prenatal folate modulated the effects of PEE on ethanol intake, anxiety-like response, and exploratory behaviors (Experiment 1) in Wistar rats. Experiment 2 assessed, in rats not given PEE, if postnatal folate reversed effects of ethanol exposure at postnatal days 28-42. Experiment 3 assessed if folate altered blood ethanol levels (BELs).Methods: Experiment 1 involved 242 (125 male) adolescent Wistar rats derived from dams given folate (20 mg/kg, gestational days - GD- 13-20) + ethanol (2.0 g/kg, GD 17-20), ethanol, or vehicle only at pregnancy. Experiment 2 involved 29 male adolescents administered vehicle or ethanol doses co-administered or not with folate. In Experiment 3 twelve adult females were tested for BELs after folate administration. These tests were applied: intake tests, light dark box (LDB), elevated plus maze, open field and concentric square field.Results: PEE heightened ethanol intake (η2 ps = 0.06-07) and induced hyperactivity and a reduced latency to exit the white area of the LDB (η2 ps = 0.12-17). These effects were partially inhibited by folate (p > .05). Rats exposed to ethanol exposure at adolescence exhibited reduced motor activity (η2 p = .17), regardless of folate treatment. Folate did not affect BELs.Conclusion: Folate administration should be considered as a preventive or acute treatment to attenuate the neurobehavioral effects of PEE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Marengo
- Department of Psychophysiology, Instituto de Investigación Médica M. y M. Ferreyra (INIMEC - CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - María Carolina Fabio
- Department of Psychophysiology, Instituto de Investigación Médica M. y M. Ferreyra (INIMEC - CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba), Córdoba, Argentina.,Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Ivan Servín Bernal
- Department of Psychophysiology, Instituto de Investigación Médica M. y M. Ferreyra (INIMEC - CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Agustín Salguero
- Department of Psychophysiology, Instituto de Investigación Médica M. y M. Ferreyra (INIMEC - CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Juan Carlos Molina
- Department of Psychophysiology, Instituto de Investigación Médica M. y M. Ferreyra (INIMEC - CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba), Córdoba, Argentina.,Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Ignacio Morón
- Department of Psychobiology and Centre of Investigation of Mind, Brain, and Behavior (CIMCYC), Faculty of Psychology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Cruz Miguel Cendán
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Neuroscience, Biomedical Research Center (CIBM) Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, and Biosanitary Research Institute ibs. GRANADA, Granada, Spain
| | | | - Ricardo Marcos Pautassi
- Department of Psychophysiology, Instituto de Investigación Médica M. y M. Ferreyra (INIMEC - CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba), Córdoba, Argentina.,Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
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4
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Zhang H, Zuo Y, Zhao H, Zhao H, Wang Y, Zhang X, Zhang J, Wang P, Sun L, Zhang H, Liang H. Folic acid ameliorates alcohol-induced liver injury via gut–liver axis homeostasis. Front Nutr 2022; 9:989311. [PMID: 36337656 PMCID: PMC9632181 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.989311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut–liver axis (GLA) plays an important role in the development of alcohol-induced liver injury. Alcohol consumption is typically associated with folic acid deficiency. However, no clear evidence has confirmed the effect of folic acid supplementation on alcohol-induced liver injury via GLA homeostasis. In this study, male C57BL/6J mice were given 56% (v/v) ethanol and 5.0 mg/kg folic acid daily by gavage for 10 weeks to investigate potential protective mechanisms of folic acid in alcohol-induced liver injury via GLA homeostasis. Histopathological and biochemical analyses showed that folic acid improved lipid deposition and inflammation in the liver caused by alcohol consumption and decreased the level of ALT, AST, TG, and LPS in serum. Folic acid inhibited the expression of the TLR4 signaling pathway and its downstream inflammatory mediators in the liver and upregulated the expression of ZO-1, claudin 1, and occludin in the intestine. But compared with the CON group, folic acid did not completely eliminate alcohol-induced intestine and liver injury. Furthermore, folic acid regulated alcohol-induced alterations in gut microbiota. In alcohol-exposed mice, the relative abundance of Bacteroidota was significantly increased, and the relative abundance of unclassified_Lachnospiraceae was significantly decreased. Folic acid supplementation significantly increased the relative abundance of Verrucomicrobia, Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group and Akkermansia, and decreased the relative abundance of Proteobacteria. The results of Spearman’s correlation analysis showed that serum parameters and hepatic inflammatory cytokines were significantly correlated with several bacteria, mainly including Bacteroidota, Firmicutes, and unclassified_Lachnospiraceae. In conclusion, folic acid could ameliorate alcohol-induced liver injury in mice via GLA homeostasis to some extent, providing a new idea and method for prevention of alcohol-induced liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaqi Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yuwei Zuo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Huichao Zhao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yutong Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xinyu Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jiacheng Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lirui Sun
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Huizhen Zhang
- Qingdao Institute for Food and Drug Control, Qingdao, China
| | - Hui Liang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- *Correspondence: Hui Liang,
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5
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Mating M, Sharbati S, Einspanier R. A Detoxification Enzyme for Apis mellifera Newly Characterized by Recombinant Expression: 10-Formyl Tetrahydrofolate Dehydrogenase. FRONTIERS IN INSECT SCIENCE 2022; 2:829869. [PMID: 38468756 PMCID: PMC10926475 DOI: 10.3389/finsc.2022.829869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Honeybees are important managed pollinators that perform important ecological and economic functions. In recent decades, the obligate ectoparasite Varroa destructor severely affected survival of honeybees as it either feeds on hemolymph and fat bodies or acts as a vector for viruses. A common treatment against the varroa mite is formic acid, which has been used for many years by beekeepers. This treatment is known to be effective, but the therapeutic index is very narrow. Many beekeepers report negative effects of formic acid on bees, which include damage to brood, worker bee mortality, and queen loss. Little is yet known about the molecular mechanisms of formic acid detoxification in honeybees. Our previous study shows the upregulation of predicted 10-formyl tetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase (10-FTHFDH) transcripts in honeybees exposed to formic acid. Here, the predicted honeybee-specific 10-FTHFDH is recombinantly expressed, and its hydrolase and dehydrogenase activities are investigated. As a result, the enzyme shows similar dehydrogenase activity in comparison to known 10-FTHFDHs. This study provides further knowledge to better understand the detoxification mechanisms of formic acid in Apis mellifera.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ralf Einspanier
- Institute of Veterinary Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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6
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Sandoval C, Farías J, Zamorano M, Herrera C. Vitamin Supplements as a Nutritional Strategy against Chronic Alcohol Consumption? An Updated Review. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11030564. [PMID: 35326214 PMCID: PMC8945215 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11030564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Several studies have shown that blood vitamin levels are low in alcoholic patients. In effect, alcohol use abuse is considered a chronic disease that promotes the pathogenesis of many fatal diseases, such as cancer and liver cirrhosis. The alcohol effects in the liver can be prevented by antioxidant mechanisms, which induces enzymatic as well as other nonenzymatic pathways. The effectiveness of several antioxidants has been evaluated. However, these studies have been accompanied by uncertainty as mixed results were reported. Thus, the aim of the present review article was to examine the current knowledge on vitamin deficiency and its role in chronic liver disease. Our review found that deficiencies in nutritional vitamins could develop rapidly during chronic liver disease due to diminished hepatic storage and that inadequate vitamins intake and alcohol consumption may interact to deplete vitamin levels. Numerous studies have described that vitamin supplementation could reduce hepatotoxicity. However, further studies with reference to the changes in vitamin status and the nutritional management of chronic liver disease are in demand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Sandoval
- Escuela de Tecnología Médica, Facultad de Salud, Universidad Santo Tomás, Los Carreras 753, Osorno 5310431, Chile
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile; (J.F.); (M.Z.)
- Departamento de Ciencias Preclínicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +56-45-2325720
| | - Jorge Farías
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile; (J.F.); (M.Z.)
- Núcleo Científico y Tecnológico en Biorecursos (BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Mauricio Zamorano
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile; (J.F.); (M.Z.)
- Núcleo Científico y Tecnológico en Biorecursos (BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Christian Herrera
- Departamento de Ciencias Preclínicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile;
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7
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Toghan R, Amin YA, Ali RA, Fouad SS, Ahmed MAEB, Saleh SM. Protective effects of Folic acid against reproductive, hematological, hepatic, and renal toxicity induced by Acetamiprid in male Albino rats. Toxicology 2022; 469:153115. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2022.153115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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8
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Abdel-Rahman ON, Abdel-Baky ES. Hematological and renoprotective effects of folic acid and lentil extract in diclofenac sodium exposed rats. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 83:e247360. [PMID: 34817022 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.247360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive intake of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as, diclofenac sodium (DS) may lead to toxicity in the rats. In this work, we aimed to examine the protective impact of lentil extract (LE) and folic acid (FA) on the hematological markers, the kidney tissue oxidative stress and the renal function against diclofenac sodium (DS) in male albino rats. The rats (120-150 g) were divided into four equal groups randomly, the first group kept as the untreated control. The second group was administrated with DS (11.6 mg/kg b.wt. orally once/day). The third group was received DS+FA (11.6 mg/kg b.wt.+76.9 microgram/kg b.wt.) orally once/day. The fourth group was treated with DS+LE (11.6 mg/kg b.wt.+500 mg/kg b.wt.) orally once/day. After four weeks, the results revealed that DS produced a significant decrease in the values of red blood cells (RBCs), hemoglobin concentration (Hb), hematocrit (HCT) and white blood cells (WBCs). On the other hand, there was a significant increase in the platelets count. Also, DS induced a renal deterioration; this was evidenced by the significant increase in the serum levels of urea, creatinine, uric acid, Na, Ca, Mg as well as the nitric oxide (NO) level in the kidney tissue. Also, there were a significant reduction in the serum levels of potassium (K) and reduced glutathione (GSH) in the kidney homogenates. Moreover, the findings in the rats treated by DS+LE or DS+FA showed a potential protection on the hematological markers, oxidative stress in the kidney tissue and the renal function disturbed by DS. LE and FA could play a potent role for the prevention the adverse hematological, the kidney tissue oxidative stress and the renal dysfunction caused by DS via their anti-oxidative and bioactive phytochemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omnia N Abdel-Rahman
- Department of Biological and Geological Sciences, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Enas S Abdel-Baky
- Department of Biological and Geological Sciences, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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9
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Athayde LA, de Aguiar SLF, Miranda MCG, Brito RVJ, de Faria AMC, Nobre SAM, Andrade MC. Lactococcus lactis Administration Modulates IgE and IL-4 Production and Promotes Enterobacteria Growth in the Gut from Ethanol-Intake Mice. Protein Pept Lett 2021; 28:1164-1179. [PMID: 34315363 DOI: 10.2174/0929866528666210727102019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is well known that alcohol can trigger inflammatory effects in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) interfering with mucosal homeostasis. OBJECTIVE This study evaluated the effectiveness of Lactococcus lactis treatment in controlling the increase in molecular biomarkers related to allergic inflammation, and the effect on the diversity and abundance of the Enterobacteriaceae family in the GIT after high-dose acute administration of ethanol. METHODS Mice received ethanol or saline solution by gavage for four consecutive days, and 24 h after the last administration the animals were given L. lactis or M17 broth orally ad libitum for two consecutive days. The animals were subsequently sacrificed and dissected. RESULTS L. lactis treatment was able to restore basal levels of secretory immunoglobulin A in the gastric mucosa, serum total immunoglobulin E, interleukin (IL)-4 production in gastric and intestinal tissues, and IL-10 levels in gastric tissue. L. lactis treatment encouraged the diversification of the Enterobacteriaceae population, particularly the commensal species, in the GIT. CONCLUSION This research opens a field of studies regarding the modulatory effect of L. lactis on immunological and microbial changes induced after alcohol intake.
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10
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Hodge A, Andrewartha N, Lourensz D, Strauss R, Correia J, Goonetilleke M, Yeoh G, Lim R, Sievert W. Human Amnion Epithelial Cells Produce Soluble Factors that Enhance Liver Repair by Reducing Fibrosis While Maintaining Regeneration in a Model of Chronic Liver Injury. Cell Transplant 2021; 29:963689720950221. [PMID: 32813573 PMCID: PMC7563845 DOI: 10.1177/0963689720950221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Human amnion epithelial cells (hAECs) exert potent antifibrotic and anti-inflammatory effects when transplanted into preclinical models of tissue fibrosis. These effects are mediated in part via the secretion of soluble factors by hAECs which modulate signaling pathways and affect cell types involved in inflammation and fibrosis. Based on these reports, we hypothesized that these soluble factors may also support liver regeneration during chronic liver injury. To test this, we characterized the effect of both hAECs and hAEC-conditioned medium (CM) on liver repair in a mouse model of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced fibrosis. Liver repair was assessed by liver fibrosis, hepatocyte proliferation, and the liver progenitor cell (LPC) response. We found that the administration of hAECs or hAEC-CM reduced liver injury and fibrosis, sustained hepatocyte proliferation, and reduced LPC numbers during chronic liver injury. Additionally, we undertook in vitro studies to document both the cell-cell and paracrine-mediated effects of hAECs on LPCs by investigating the effects of co-culturing the LPCs and hAECs and hAEC-CM on LPCs. We found little change in LPCs co-cultured with hAECs. In contrast, hAEC-CM enhances LPC proliferation and differentiation. These findings suggest that paracrine factors secreted by hAECs enhance liver repair by reducing fibrosis while promoting regeneration during chronic liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Hodge
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, 2538Monash Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Centre for Inflammatory Disease, School of Clinical Sciences, 2538Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Both the authors contributed equally to this article
| | - Neil Andrewartha
- Centre for Medical Research, 102804Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.,School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia.,Both the authors contributed equally to this article
| | - Dinushka Lourensz
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, 2538Monash Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Centre for Inflammatory Disease, School of Clinical Sciences, 2538Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Robyn Strauss
- Centre for Medical Research, 102804Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.,School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Jeanne Correia
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, 2538Monash Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Centre for Inflammatory Disease, School of Clinical Sciences, 2538Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mihiri Goonetilleke
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Clinical Sciences, 2541Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,568369The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - George Yeoh
- Centre for Medical Research, 102804Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.,School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia.,Centre for Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Rebecca Lim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Clinical Sciences, 2541Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,568369The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - William Sievert
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, 2538Monash Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Centre for Inflammatory Disease, School of Clinical Sciences, 2538Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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11
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Xin FZ, Zhao ZH, Zhang RN, Pan Q, Gong ZZ, Sun C, Fan JG. Folic acid attenuates high-fat diet-induced steatohepatitis via deacetylase SIRT1-dependent restoration of PPARα. World J Gastroenterol 2020; 26:2203-2220. [PMID: 32476787 PMCID: PMC7235203 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v26.i18.2203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Folic acid has been shown to improve non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), but its roles in hepatic lipid metabolism, hepatic one-carbon metabolism, and gut microbiota are still unknown.
AIM To demonstrate the role of folic acid in lipid metabolism and gut microbiota in NASH.
METHODS Twenty-four Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned into three groups: Chow diet, high-fat diet (HFD), and HFD with folic acid administration. At the end of 16 wk, the liver histology, the expression of hepatic genes related to lipid metabolism, one-carbon metabolism, and gut microbiota structure analysis of fecal samples based on 16S rRNA sequencing were measured to evaluate the effect of folic acid. Palmitic acid-exposed Huh7 cell line was used to evaluate the role of folic acid in hepatic lipid metabolism.
RESULTS Folic acid treatment attenuated steatosis, lobular inflammation, and hepatocellular ballooning in rats with HFD-induced steatohepatitis. Genes related to lipid de novo lipogenesis, β-oxidation, and lipid uptake were improved in HFD-fed folic acid-treated rats. Furthermore, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) and silence information regulation factor 1 (SIRT1) were restored by folic acid in HFD-fed rats and palmitic acid-exposed Huh7 cell line. The restoration of PPARα by folic acid was blocked after transfection with SIRT1 siRNA in the Huh7 cell line. Additionally, folic acid administration ameliorated depleted hepatic one-carbon metabolism and restored the diversity of the gut microbiota in rats with HFD-induced steatohepatitis.
CONCLUSION Folic acid improves hepatic lipid metabolism by upregulating PPARα levels via a SIRT1-dependent mechanism and restores hepatic one-carbon metabolism and diversity of gut microbiota, thereby attenuating HFD-induced NASH in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Zhi Xin
- Center for Fatty Liver, Department of Gastroenterology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Ze-Hua Zhao
- Center for Fatty Liver, Department of Gastroenterology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Rui-Nan Zhang
- Center for Fatty Liver, Department of Gastroenterology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Qin Pan
- Center for Fatty Liver, Department of Gastroenterology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Zi-Zhen Gong
- Shanghai Key Lab of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Chao Sun
- Center for Fatty Liver, Department of Gastroenterology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jian-Gao Fan
- Center for Fatty Liver, Department of Gastroenterology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Key Lab of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Shanghai 200092, China
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12
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Herst PM, Dalvai M, Lessard M, Charest PL, Navarro P, Joly-Beauparlant C, Droit A, Trasler JM, Kimmins S, MacFarlane AJ, Benoit-Biancamano MO, Bailey JL. Folic acid supplementation reduces multigenerational sperm miRNA perturbation induced by in utero environmental contaminant exposure. ENVIRONMENTAL EPIGENETICS 2019; 5:dvz024. [PMID: 31853372 PMCID: PMC6911352 DOI: 10.1093/eep/dvz024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) can induce epigenetic changes in the paternal germline. Here, we report that folic acid (FA) supplementation mitigates sperm miRNA profiles transgenerationally following in utero paternal exposure to POPs in a rat model. Pregnant founder dams were exposed to an environmentally relevant POPs mixture (or corn oil) ± FA supplementation and subsequent F1-F4 male descendants were not exposed to POPs and were fed the FA control diet. Sperm miRNA profiles of intergenerational (F1, F2) and transgenerational (F3, F4) lineages were investigated using miRNA deep sequencing. Across the F1-F4 generations, sperm miRNA profiles were less perturbed with POPs+FA compared to sperm from descendants of dams treated with POPs alone. POPs exposure consistently led to alteration of three sperm miRNAs across two generations, and similarly one sperm miRNA due to POPs+FA; which was in common with one POPs intergenerationally altered sperm miRNA. The sperm miRNAs that were affected by POPs alone are known to target genes involved in mammary gland and embryonic organ development in F1, sex differentiation and reproductive system development in F2 and cognition and brain development in F3. When the POPs treatment was combined with FA supplementation, however, these same miRNA-targeted gene pathways were perturbed to a lesser extend and only in F1 sperm. These findings suggest that FA partially mitigates the effect of POPs on paternally derived miRNA in a intergenerational manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- P M Herst
- Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Centre de recherche en reproduction, développement et santé intergénérationnelle, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada
| | - M Dalvai
- Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Centre de recherche en reproduction, développement et santé intergénérationnelle, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada
| | - M Lessard
- Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Centre de recherche en reproduction, développement et santé intergénérationnelle, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada
| | - P L Charest
- Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Centre de recherche en reproduction, développement et santé intergénérationnelle, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada
| | - P Navarro
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Centre de recherche en reproduction, développement et santé intergénérationnelle, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada
| | - C Joly-Beauparlant
- Computational Biology Laboratory Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada
| | - A Droit
- Computational Biology Laboratory Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada
| | - J M Trasler
- Departments of Pediatrics, Human Genetics and Pharmacology & Therapeutics, and The Montreal Children's Hospital and Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - S Kimmins
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - A J MacFarlane
- Nutrition Research Division, Health Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - M-O Benoit-Biancamano
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal University, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada
| | - J L Bailey
- Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Centre de recherche en reproduction, développement et santé intergénérationnelle, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada
- Correspondence address. Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Laval University, Pavillon Paul-Comtois, 2425, rue de l'Agriculture. Tel: +1-418-571-7034; Fax: +1-418- 656-3766; E-mail:
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13
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Folic acid and flaxseed oil supplements in Ossimi ewes: effect on body weight changes, progesterone profile, blood chemistry, and litter traits. Trop Anim Health Prod 2019; 52:301-308. [PMID: 31338729 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-019-02017-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The aim was to explore the impact of periconceptional folic acid or flaxseed oil (FXO) supplementation on fertility, progesterone profile, and blood chemistry in pregnant ewes during the breeding season. In total, 54 Ossimi ewes were divided into three groups (18 animals each). The control treatment (CON) fed a basal diet only, while the others fed the basal diet and supplemented every other day with a single bolus of folic acid (FO 500 μg/head) or flaxseed oil (FX 50 ml/head). During the early stage of pregnancy, the FO and FX groups showed significantly higher serum antioxidant activity (glutathione and superoxide dismutase) as compared with the control CON group (P = 0.012 and 0.007, respectively). Although no significant variations were detected in the serum nitric oxide levels during the early stage and mid-stage of pregnancy, the FO and FX groups showed significantly lower serum nitric oxide concentration in the late stage of pregnancy (P = 0.001). The FO and FX groups showed significantly higher serum progesterone concentrations during the early stage (10.9 and 11.4 ng/ml, respectively) and mid-stage (22.2 and 23.4 ng/ml, respectively) of pregnancy as compared with the CON group (7.72 and 13.9 ng/ml, respectively). The FX group exhibited a significantly higher lambing rate (P = 0.034), as well as the proportion of female lambs (P = 0.029) as compared with the CON group. In conclusion, supplementing Ossimi ewes with folic acid or FXO significantly improved the progesterone profile during pregnancy. Moreover, the FXO supplementation significantly increased the lambing rate and the female lamb rate as compared with the control group.
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14
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Úbeda N, Partearroyo T, Varela-Moreiras G. Adequate or elevated dietary folate does not ameliorate the reduced antioxidant capacity induced by vitamin B 12 deficiency in aged rats. INT J VITAM NUTR RES 2019; 90:239-248. [PMID: 30747607 DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Folate could have an antioxidant role but also may be detrimental under vitamin B12 deficiency. The aim was to investigate the effect of different dietary folic acid (FA) levels, on oxidative stress in B12 induced deficient aged rats. Thirty-five male aged Sprague-Dawley rats, were fed either a vitamin B12 deficient (n = 27) or a control diet (n = 8) during eight weeks. Then, animals were divided into four groups: B12 and FA deficient diet (DBDF), B12 deficient diet and FA control diet (DBCF), B12 deficient diet and FA supplemented diet (DBSF), and control diet (CBCF) for a 30 days period. Methionine metabolism and antioxidant status were evaluated. Both vitamins deficiencies elevated serum homocysteine (Hcy) (7.7 vs. 4.3 μmol/L, p < 0.05) and reduced S-adenosylmethionine hepatic content (283.7 vs. 581.9 μg/g protein, p < 0.05), the total antioxidant capacity (155.7 vs. 189.3 μmol/L, p < 0.05), glutathione (GSH) (120.5 vs. 419.9 μg/mg protein, p < 0.05) and oxidized glutathione (0.9 vs. 2.6 μg/mg protein, p < 0.05) compared to control. Activities of glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase enzymes or damage to macromolecules were unaffected. Adequate or elevated dietary FA in B12 deficiency rats decreased Hcy (5.7 and 6.3 μmol/L, respectively) and increased total antioxidant capacity (189.8 and 192.6 μmol/L, respectively) to values similar to control group, whereas GSH concentration was significantly lower than control (209.1 and 208.0 μg/mg protein respectively, p < 0.05). In conclusion, in a vitamin B12 deficiency status, adequate or elevated FA prevented impairment in one-carbon metabolism, but does not fully reverse the decrease in antioxidant capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Úbeda
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences. Universidad CEU San Pablo, CEU Universities, Madrid, Spain
| | - Teresa Partearroyo
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences. Universidad CEU San Pablo, CEU Universities, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gregorio Varela-Moreiras
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences. Universidad CEU San Pablo, CEU Universities, Madrid, Spain
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15
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Folic acid protects against experimental prenatal nicotine – induced cardiac injury by decreasing inflammatory changes, serum TNF and COX - 2 expression. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 2018; 25:151-156. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pathophys.2018.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Revised: 03/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
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16
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Tu HC, Lee GH, Hsiao TH, Kao TT, Wang TY, Tsai JN, Fu TF. One crisis, diverse impacts-Tissue-specificity of folate deficiency-induced circulation defects in zebrafish larvae. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0188585. [PMID: 29176804 PMCID: PMC5703520 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0188585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Folate (vitamin B9) is an essential nutrient required for cell survival, proliferation, differentiation and therefore embryogenesis. Folate deficiency has been associated with many diseases, including congenital heart diseases and megaloblastic anemia, yet the mechanisms underlying these remains elusive. Here, we examine the impact of folate deficiency on the development of the circulation system using a zebrafish transgenic line which displays inducible folate deficiency. Impaired hematopoiesis includes decreased hemoglobin levels, decreased erythrocyte number, increased erythrocyte size and aberrant c-myb expression pattern were observed in folate deficient embryos. Cardiac defects, including smaller chamber size, aberrant cardiac function and cmlc2 expression pattern, were also apparent in folate deficient embryos. Characterization of intracellular folate content in folate deficiency revealed a differential fluctuation among the different folate derivatives that carry a single carbon group at different oxidation levels. Rescue attempts by folic acid and nucleotides resulted in differential responses among affected tissues, suggesting that different pathomechanisms are involved in folate deficiency-induced anomalies in a tissue-specific manner. The results of the current study provide an explanation for the inconsistent outcome observed clinically in patients suffering from folate deficiency and/or receiving folate supplementation. This study also supports the use of this model for further research on the defective cardiogenesis and hematopoiesis caused by folate deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Chi Tu
- The Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, College of Medicine, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Gang-Hui Lee
- The Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, College of Medicine, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Tsun-Hsien Hsiao
- The Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, College of Medicine, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Tseng-Ting Kao
- The Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, College of Medicine, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Ya Wang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, College of Medicine, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Ning Tsai
- Department of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Fun Fu
- The Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, College of Medicine, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, College of Medicine, Tainan, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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17
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Asgarshirazi M, Shariat M, Sheikh M. Comparison of efficacy of folic acid and silymarin in the management of antiepileptic drug induced liver injury: a randomized clinical trial. Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int 2017; 16:296-302. [PMID: 28603098 DOI: 10.1016/s1499-3872(16)60142-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liver injury associated with antiepileptic drugs accounts for a large proportion of drug-induced liver injuries (DILI) in children. Although withdrawal of the causative agent is the only proved treatment for DILI, in some clinical situations it is not possible. Recent studies have reported promising results of using hepatoprotective drugs with antioxidant actions for the management of DILI. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of folic acid versus silymarin treatment in relation to decreasing liver enzymes in patients with DILI due to antiepileptic therapy. METHODS This randomized, open-label, clinical trial evaluated 55 children with epilepsy who were on antiepileptic treatment and experienced DILI. The children were randomized to receive either silymarin (5 mg/kg per day) or folic acid (1 mg per day) for one month and were followed up for three months. RESULTS Liver enzymes significantly decreased in both groups. The decrease trend in alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were stronger in the folic acid group compared to silymarin group (P=0.04 and P=0.007, respectively). At the end of the study patients in the folic acid group had significantly lower ALT (P=0.04), AST (P=0.02), and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) (P<0.001) levels and also higher percentage of normal ALT (30.7% vs 3.4%, P=0.009) and AST (42.3% vs 0%, P<0.001), and GGT (23.1% vs 0%, P=0.008) values compared to the patients in the silymarin group. No rebound elevations in ALT, AST and GGT levels or adverse reactions were noted in neither of the study groups. CONCLUSION Although both treatments were safe and effective in decreasing liver enzymes, folic acid seems to be superior to silymarin in the management of DILI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mahdi Sheikh
- Maternal, Fetal and Neonatal Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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18
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Romecín P, Atucha NM, Navarro EG, Ortiz MC, Iyú D, Rosado JA, García-Estañ J. Role of homocysteine and folic acid on the altered calcium homeostasis of platelets from rats with biliary cirrhosis. Platelets 2017; 28:698-705. [PMID: 28150525 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2016.1265920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Previously, we have found that intracellular calcium homeostasis is altered in platelets from an experimental model of liver cirrhosis, the bile-duct ligated (BDL) rat; these alterations are compatible with the existence of a hypercoagulable state. Different studies indicate that cholestatic diseases are associated with hyperhomocysteinemia; thus, we hypothetized that it could contribute to those platelet alterations. In the present study, we have investigated the role of homocysteine (HCY) in platelet aggregation and calcium signaling in the BDL model. The effect of chronic folic acid treatment was also analyzed. Acute treatment with HCY increased the aggregation response to ADP and calcium responses to thrombin in platelets of control and BDL rats. Capacitative calcium entry was not altered by HCY. Chronic treatment with folic acid decreased platelet aggregation in control and BDL rats, but this decrease was greater in BDL rats. In folic acid-treated rats, thrombin-induced calcium entry and release were decreased in platelet of control rats but unaltered in BDL rats; however, capacitative calcium entry was decreased in platelets of control and BDL rats treated with folic acid. Reactive oxygen species were produced at higher levels by BDL platelets after stimulation with HCY or thrombin and folic acid normalized these responses. HCY plays a role in the enhanced platelet aggregation response of BDL rats, probably through an enhanced formation of ROS. Folic acid pretreatment normalizes many of the platelet alterations shown by BDL rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Romecín
- a Depto. Fisiología, Fac. Medicina, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB) , Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Noemí M Atucha
- a Depto. Fisiología, Fac. Medicina, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB) , Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Esther G Navarro
- a Depto. Fisiología, Fac. Medicina, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB) , Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - M Clara Ortiz
- a Depto. Fisiología, Fac. Medicina, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB) , Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - David Iyú
- a Depto. Fisiología, Fac. Medicina, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB) , Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Juan Antonio Rosado
- b Depto. Fisiología, Fac. Veterinaria , Universidad de Extremadura , Cáceres, Spain
| | - Joaquín García-Estañ
- a Depto. Fisiología, Fac. Medicina, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB) , Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
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19
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Guo X, Cui H, Zhang H, Guan X, Zhang Z, Jia C, Wu J, Yang H, Qiu W, Zhang C, Yang Z, Chen Z, Mao G. Protective Effect of Folic Acid on Oxidative DNA Damage: A Randomized, Double-Blind, and Placebo Controlled Clinical Trial. Medicine (Baltimore) 2015; 94:e1872. [PMID: 26559255 PMCID: PMC4912249 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000001872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Although previous reports have linked DNA damage with both transmissions across generations as well as our own survival, it is unknown how to reverse the lesion. Based on the data from a Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo Controlled Clinical Trial, this study aimed to assess the efficacy of folic acid supplementation (FAS) on DNA oxidative damage reversal.In this randomized clinical trial (RCT), a total of 450 participants were enrolled and randomly assigned to 3 groups to receive folic acid (FA) 0.4 mg/day (low-FA), 0.8 mg/day (high-FA), or placebo (control) for 8 weeks. The urinary 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and creatinine (Cr) concentration at pre- and post-FAS were measured with modified enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), respectively. A multivariate general linear model was applied to assess the individual effects of FAS and the joint effects between FAS and hypercholesterolemia on oxidative DNA damage improvement. This clinical trial was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02235948.Of the 438 subjects that received FA fortification or placebo, the median (first quartile, third quartile) of urinary 8-OHdG/Cr for placebo, low-FA, and high-FA groups were 58.19 (43.90, 82.26), 53.51 (38.97, 72.74), 54.73 (39.58, 76.63) ng/mg at baseline and 57.77 (44.35, 81.33), 51.73 (38.20, 71.30), and 50.65 (37.64, 76.17) ng/mg at the 56th day, respectively. A significant decrease of urinary 8-OHdG was observed after 56 days FA fortification (P < 0.001). Compared with the placebo, after adjusting for some potential confounding factors, including the baseline urinary 8-OHdG/Cr, the urinary 8-OHdG/Cr concentration significantly decreased after 56 days FAS [β (95% confidence interval) = -0.88 (-1.62, -0.14) and P = 0.020 for low-FA; and β (95% confidence interval) = -2.68 (-3.42, -1.94) and P < 0.001 for high-FA] in a dose-response fashion (Ptrend < 0.001). Test of interaction between hypercholesterolemia and FA supplementation on urinary 8-OHdG reduction was significant (P = 0.001).The present study demonstrates that FA fortification is independently linked to the reduction of urinary 8-OHdG/Cr in a dose-related pattern, which suggests that FA is beneficial to protect against oxidative damage to DNA. This effect is apparently stronger in those with hypercholesterolemia. The authors provide a new insight into the prevention and reversal of oxidative DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Guo
- From the School of Environmental Science & Public Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou (XG, HZ, XG, CJ, HY, WQ, CZ, GM); School of Public Health, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Inner Mongolia (XG, ZZ); University Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University (HC); School of Laboratory Medicine & Life Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou (JW); Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Wuyuan County, Inner Mongolia, China (ZY); Center on the Early Life Origins of Disease, the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD (ZC, GM); and Center on Clinical & Epidemiological Eye Disease, the Affiliated Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China (GM)
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20
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Sim WC, Yin HQ, Choi HS, Choi YJ, Kwak HC, Kim SK, Lee BH. L-serine supplementation attenuates alcoholic fatty liver by enhancing homocysteine metabolism in mice and rats. J Nutr 2015; 145:260-7. [PMID: 25644346 DOI: 10.3945/jn.114.199711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyperhomocysteinemia plays an important role in the development of hepatic steatosis, and studies indicate that homocysteine-lowering treatment inhibits the development of fatty liver. OBJECTIVE We evaluated the effects of L-serine on alcoholic fatty liver and homocysteine metabolism. METHODS In a binge ethanol study, male C57BL/6 mice were divided into 4 groups: control, ethanol + vehicle, and ethanol + 20 or 200 mg/kg L-serine. Mice were gavaged with ethanol (5 g/kg body weight) 3 times every 12 h with or without L-serine which was given twice 30 min before the last 2 ethanol doses. Control mice were fed isocaloric dextran-maltose. In a chronic ethanol study, male Wistar rats were divided into 3 groups: control, ethanol, and ethanol + L-serine. Rats were fed a standard Lieber-DeCarli ethanol diet (36% ethanol-derived calories) for 4 wk with or without dietary L-serine supplementation (1%; wt:vol) for the last 2 wk. In control rats, the ethanol-derived calories were replaced with dextran-maltose. The effects of L-serine were also tested in AML12 cells manipulated to have high homocysteine concentrations by silencing the genes involved in homocysteine metabolism. RESULTS Binge ethanol treatment increased serum homocysteine and hepatic triglyceride (TG) concentrations by >5-fold vs. controls, which were attenuated in the 200-mg/kg L-serine treatment group by 60.0% and 47.5%, respectively, compared with the ethanol group. In the chronic ethanol study, L-serine also decreased hepatic neutral lipid accumulation by 63.3% compared with the ethanol group. L-serine increased glutathione and S-adenosylmethionine by 94.0% and 30.6%, respectively, compared with the ethanol group. Silencing betaine homocysteine methyltransferase, cystathionine β-synthase, or methionine increased intracellular homocysteine and TG concentrations by >2-fold, which was reversed by L-serine when L-serine-independent betaine homocysteine methyltransferase was knocked down. CONCLUSION These results demonstrate that L-serine ameliorates alcoholic fatty liver by accelerating L-serine-dependent homocysteine metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo-Cheol Sim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; and
| | - Hu-Quan Yin
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; and
| | - Ho-Sung Choi
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; and
| | - You-Jin Choi
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; and
| | - Hui Chan Kwak
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Kyum Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Hoon Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; and
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Ethanol-induced upregulation of 10-formyltetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase helps relieve ethanol-induced oxidative stress. Mol Cell Biol 2013; 34:498-509. [PMID: 24277932 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.01427-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcoholism induces folate deficiency and increases the risk for embryonic anomalies. However, the interplay between ethanol exposure and embryonic folate status remains unclear. To investigate how ethanol exposure affects embryonic folate status and one-carbon homeostasis, we incubated zebrafish embryos in ethanol and analyzed embryonic folate content and folate enzyme expression. Exposure to 2% ethanol did not change embryonic total folate content but increased the tetrahydrofolate level approximately 1.5-fold. The expression of 10-formyltetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase (FDH), a potential intracellular tetrahydrofolate reservoir, was increased in both mRNA and protein levels. Overexpressing recombinant FDH in embryos alleviated the ethanol-induced oxidative stress in ethanol-exposed embryos. Further characterization of the zebrafish fdh promoter revealed that the -124/+40 promoter fragment was the minimal region required for transactivational activity. The results of site-directed mutagenesis and binding analysis revealed that Sp1 is involved in the basal level of expression of fdh but not in ethanol-induced upregulation of fdh. On the other hand, CEBPα was the protein that mediated the ethanol-induced upregulation of fdh, with an approximately 40-fold increase of fdh promoter activity when overexpressed in vitro. We concluded that upregulation of fdh involving CEBPα helps relieve embryonic oxidative stress induced by ethanol exposure.
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Kubota M, Nakata R, Adachi S, Watanabe KI, Heike T, Takeshita Y, Shima M. Plasma homocysteine, methionine and S-adenosylhomocysteine levels following high-dose methotrexate treatment in pediatric patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia or Burkitt lymphoma: association with hepatotoxicity. Leuk Lymphoma 2013; 55:1591-5. [PMID: 24090503 DOI: 10.3109/10428194.2013.850684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate: (i) changes of plasma homocysteine, methionine and S-adenosylhomocysteine levels following high-dose methotrexate (HD-MTX) treatment and (ii) the correlation of these sulfur-containing amino acids with MTX-induced hepatotoxicity. Fifteen pediatric patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and one patient with Burkitt lymphoma, with a total of 26 treatment courses of HD-MTX, were enrolled. Homocysteine levels increased at 24 h after HD-MTX treatment, and showed marginal decreases at 48 and 72 h. Methionine levels showed a biphasic pattern, i.e. an initial decrease at 24 h followed by increases at 48 and 72 h. S-adenosylhomocysteine exhibited a marginal decrease at 24 h. Changes of homocysteine exhibited significant correlation only with a maximum increase of alanine aminotransferase or total bilirubin from baseline. This study has demonstrated, for the first time, simultaneous changes of plasma homocysteine, methionine and S-adenosylhomocysteine following HD-MTX. The potential of homocysteine as a marker of hepatotoxicity is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaru Kubota
- Department of Human Life and Environment, Nara Women's University , Nara , Japan
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Lee SJ, Kim SY, Min H. Effects of vitamin C and E supplementation on oxidative stress and liver toxicity in rats fed a low-fat ethanol diet. Nutr Res Pract 2013; 7:109-14. [PMID: 23610603 PMCID: PMC3627927 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2013.7.2.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2012] [Revised: 02/12/2013] [Accepted: 02/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
We compared the preventive capacity of high intakes of vitamin C (VC) and vitamin E (VE) on oxidative stress and liver toxicity in rats fed a low-fat ethanol diet. Thirty-two Wistar rats received the low fat (10% of total calories) Lieber-DeCarli liquid diet as follows: either ethanol alone (Alc group, 36% of total calories) or ethanol in combination with VC (Alc + VC group, 40 mg VC/100 g body weight) or VE (Alc + VE group, 0.8 mg VE/100 g body weight). Control rats were pair-fed a liquid diet with the Alc group. Ethanol administration induced a modest increase in alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), conjugated dienes (CD), and triglycerides but decreased total radical-trapping antioxidant potential (TRAP) in plasma. VE supplementation to alcohol-fed rats restored the plasma levels of AST, CD, and TRAP to control levels. However, VC supplementation did not significantly influence plasma ALT, AST, or CD. In addition, a significant increase in plasma aminothiols such as homocysteine and cysteine was observed in the Alc group, but cysteinylglycine and glutathione (GSH) did not change by ethanol feeding. Supplementing alcohol-fed rats with VC increased plasma GSH and hepatic S-adenosylmethionine, but plasma levels of aminothiols, except GSH, were not influenced by either VC or VE supplementation in ethanol-fed rats. These results indicate that a low-fat ethanol diet induces oxidative stress and consequent liver toxicity similar to a high-fat ethanol diet and that VE supplementation has a protective effect on ethanol-induced oxidative stress and liver toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo-Jung Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Bio-Nano Science, Hannam University, 461-6 Jeonmin-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-811, Korea
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Abstract
Epigenetic medicine is still in its infancy. To date, only a handful of diseases have documented epigenetic correlates upstream of gene regulation including cancer, developmental syndromes and late-onset diseases. The finding that epigenetic markers are dynamic and heterogeneous at tissue and cellular levels, combined with recent identification of a new form of functionally distinct DNA methylation has opened a wider window for investigators to pry into the epigenetic world. It is anticipated that many diseases will be elucidated through this epigenetic inquiry. In this review, we discuss the normal course of DNA methylation during development, taking alcohol as a demonstrator of the epigenetic impact of environmental factors in disease etiology, particularly the growth retardation and neurodevelopmental deficits of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisol Resendiz
- Stark Neuroscience Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, MS508, Indiana University School Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Nail C Öztürk
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, MS508, Indiana University School Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Anatomy, Mersin University School of Medicine, Turkey
| | - Feng C Zhou
- Stark Neuroscience Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, MS508, Indiana University School Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
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