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Lee MC, Hsu YJ, Shen SY, Ho CS, Huang CC. A functional evaluation of anti-fatigue and exercise performance improvement following vitamin B complex supplementation in healthy humans, a randomized double-blind trial. Int J Med Sci 2023; 20:1272-1281. [PMID: 37786445 PMCID: PMC10542023 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.86738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
B vitamins play a crucial role in maintaining fundamental cellular functions and various essential metabolic pathways in the body. Although they do not directly provide energy, each B vitamin acts as a cofactor in energy metabolism processes. Based on the evidence presented above, we hypothesized that a 28-day supplementation of vitamin B would enhance physical performance and reduce physical fatigue. The objective of this study was to evaluate the anti-fatigue effect of vitamin B supplementation, specifically vitamin B1, B2, B6, and B12, and its potential to improve exercise performance. We employed a randomized double-blind crossover design with a 28-day supplementation period. Sixteen male and sixteen female subjects, aged 20-30 years, were divided into two groups: the placebo group (n=16, equal gender distribution) and the Ex PLUS® group (n=16, equal gender distribution). The participants received either placebo or Ex PLUS® (one tablet per day) for 28 consecutive days. Following the intervention, there was a 14-day wash-out period during which the subjects did not receive any further interventions. After supplementation with Ex PLUS®, we found a significant increase in the running time by 1.26-fold (p < 0.05) to exhaustion compared to that before supplementation and that in the placebo group. In addition, the Ex PLUS® supplementation group presented significantly reduced blood lactate and blood ammonia concentrations during exercise and at rest after exercise compared with placebo (p < 0.05). In conclusion, 28 consecutive days of vitamin B complex (Ex PLUS®) supplementation significantly improved exercise endurance performance and reduced exercise fatigue biochemical metabolites in not athletes. In addition, it does not cause adverse effects in humans when taken at appropriate doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mon-Chien Lee
- Graduate Institute of Sports Science, National Taiwan Sport University, Taoyuan City 333325, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ju Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Sports Science, National Taiwan Sport University, Taoyuan City 333325, Taiwan
| | - Sih-Yu Shen
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Engineering, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, 242062, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Shan Ho
- Graduate Institute of Sports Science, National Taiwan Sport University, Taoyuan City 333325, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chang Huang
- Graduate Institute of Sports Science, National Taiwan Sport University, Taoyuan City 333325, Taiwan
- Tajen University, Pingtung 907101, Taiwan
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Effects of four weeks lasting aerobic physical activity on cardiovascular biomarkers, oxidative stress and histomorphometric changes of heart and aorta in rats with experimentally induced hyperhomocysteinemia. Mol Cell Biochem 2023; 478:161-172. [PMID: 35759142 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-022-04503-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the effects of hyperhomocysteinemia and aerobic physical activity on changes of cardiovascular biomarkers in sera, oxidative stress in cardiac tissue, and histomorphometric parameters of heart and aorta in rats. Experiments were conducted on male Wistar albino rats organized into four groups (n = 10, per group): C (control group): 0.9% NaCl 0.2 mL/day; H (homocysteine group): homocysteine 0.45 µmol/g b.w./day; CPA (control + physical activity group): 0.9% NaCl 0.2 mL/day and a program of physical activity on a treadmill; and HPA (homocysteine + physical activity group) homocysteine 0.45 µmol/g b.w./day and a program of physical activity on a treadmill. Substances were applied subcutaneously twice a day. Lipid peroxidation and relative activity of Mn-superoxide dismutase isoform were significantly higher in active hyperhomocysteinemic rats in comparison to sedentary animals. Atherosclerotic plaques were detected in aorta samples of active hyperhomocysteinemic rats and also, they had increased left ventricle wall and interventricular septum, and transverse diameter of cardiomyocytes compared to sedentary groups. Aerobic physical activity in the condition of hyperhomocysteinemia can lead to increased oxidative stress in cardiac tissue and changes in histomorphometric parameters of the heart and aorta, as well increased lipid parameters and cardiac damage biomarkers in sera of rats.
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Associations of Serum Folate and Holotranscobalamin with Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Rural and Urban Cameroon. Nutrients 2021; 14:nu14010178. [PMID: 35011051 PMCID: PMC8747568 DOI: 10.3390/nu14010178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A low intake of fruit and vegetables and a high intake of meat are associated with higher cardiometabolic disease risk; however much prior research has relied on subjective methods for dietary assessment and focused on Western populations. We aimed to investigate the association of blood folate as an objective marker of fruit and vegetable intake and holotranscobalamin (holoTC) as a marker of animal-sourced food intake with cardiometabolic risk factors. We conducted a population-based cross-sectional study on 578 adults (mean ± SD age = 38.2 ± 8.6 years; 64% women). The primary outcome was a continuous metabolic syndrome score. The median serum folate was 12.9 (IQR: 8.6–20.5) nmol/L and the mean holoTC was 75 (SD: 34.3) pmol/L. Rural residents demonstrated higher serum folate concentrations (15.9 (9.8–25.9) nmol/L) than urban residents (11.3 (7.9–15.8) nmol/L), but lower holoTC concentrations (rural: 69.8 (32.9) pmol/L; urban: 79.8 (34.9)) pmol/L, p < 0.001 for both comparisons. There was an inverse association between serum folate and metabolic syndrome score by −0.20 in the z-score (95% CI, −0.38 to −0.02) per 10.8 (1 SD) of folate) in a model adjusted for socio-demographic factors, smoking status, alcohol intake, BMI, and physical activity. HoloTC was positively associated with the metabolic syndrome score in unadjusted analysis (0.33 (95% CI, 0.10 to 0.56)) but became non-significant (0.17 (−0.05 to 0.39)) after adjusting for socio-demographic and behavioural characteristics. In conclusion, serum folate and holoTC were associated with the metabolic syndrome score in opposite directions. The positive association between serum holoTC and the metabolic syndrome score was partly dependent on sociodemographic characteristics. These findings suggest that, based on these biomarkers reflecting dietary intakes, public health approaches promoting a higher intake of fruit and vegetables may lower cardiometabolic risk factors in this population.
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Surendran S, Vimaleswaran KS. A nutrigenetic approach to examine the relationship between vitamin B12 status and cardio‐metabolic traits in multiple ethnic groups – findings from the GeNuIne Collaboration. NUTR BULL 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/nbu.12494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Surendran
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences University of Reading Reading UK
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences School of Biosciences and MedicineUniversity of Surrey Guildford UK
| | - K. S. Vimaleswaran
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences University of Reading Reading UK
- Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health (IFNH) University of Reading Reading UK
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Prevalence and Indicators of Vitamin B12 Insufficiency among Young Women of Childbearing Age. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 18:ijerph18010001. [PMID: 33374905 PMCID: PMC7792587 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin B12 insufficiency is a global health issue among women of childbearing age, yet few studies have investigated its prevalence and risk factors among healthy Middle Eastern populations. This cross-sectional study included 346 Saudi women aged 19–30 years and enrolled at King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. A series of questionnaires were administered to record the study participants’ sociodemographic status, medical history, dietary intake, and physical activity. Participants’ anthropometric data were also recorded and their fasting blood samples were analyzed. The rate of vitamin B12 insufficiency (≤220 pmol/L) was approximately 6% among the study participants. After adjusting for confounding factors, it was observed that the risk factors for vitamin B12 insufficiency included daily sitting time ≥ 7 h, low income (<10,000 Saudi riyal) and increasing age. The recommended dietary allowance of vitamin B12 (>2.4 mcg/day) has been shown to confer reasonable protection against vitamin B12 insufficiency. These study findings highlight that a combination of increased physical activity and dietary vitamin B12 intake above the current recommended dietary allowance may help improve the serum vitamin B12 levels of young women of childbearing age, especially those with a low socioeconomic status. Timely detection and protection against vitamin B12 insufficiency in this subpopulation are important to prevent maternal and fetal health risks.
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Raizel R, da Mata Godois A, Coqueiro AY, Voltarelli FA, Fett CA, Tirapegui J, de Paula Ravagnani FC, de Faria Coelho-Ravagnani C. Pre-season dietary intake of professional soccer players. Nutr Health 2017; 23:215-222. [PMID: 29037118 DOI: 10.1177/0260106017737014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the well-documented importance of nutrition in optimizing performance and health, the dietary intake of soccer players has attracted little attention. AIM We aimed to assess the pre-season dietary intake of professional soccer players and its adequacy in macro and micronutrients. METHODS The pre-season dietary intake of 19 male athletes was assessed using a semi-structured 3-day food record. To determine dietary adequacy and excess, energy and macronutrient intake were compared with the Brazilian dietary reference values for athletes, and micronutrients were compared with the Estimated Average Requirement - EAR (minimum recommendation) and Tolerable Upper Intake Level - UL (maximum recommendation). RESULTS Mean daily energy intake (40.74±12.81 kcal/kg) was adequate. However, there was a low carbohydrate intake (5.44±1.86 g/kg/day) and a high amount of protein and fat (1.91±0.75 and 1.27±0.50 g/kg/day, respectively). Sodium intake (3141.77±939.76 mg/day) was higher than UL (2300 mg/day), while the majority of players showed daily intake of vitamin A (74%), vitamin D (100%), folate (58%), calcium and magnesium (68%) below the EAR (625, 10 and 320 µg/day, 800 and 330 mg/day, respectively). CONCLUSION The dietary intake of professional soccer players was adequate in energy, but inadequate in macro and micronutrients, which suggests the need to improve nutritional practices to sustain the physical demands of soccer during pre-season.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Raizel
- 1 Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Audrey Yule Coqueiro
- 1 Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Julio Tirapegui
- 1 Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Brazil
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Zhou D, Hlady RA, Schafer MJ, White TA, Liu C, Choi JH, Miller JD, Roberts LR, LeBrasseur NK, Robertson KD. High fat diet and exercise lead to a disrupted and pathogenic DNA methylome in mouse liver. Epigenetics 2016; 12:55-69. [PMID: 27858497 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2016.1261239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
High-fat diet consumption and sedentary lifestyle elevates risk for obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and cancer. Exercise training conveys health benefits in populations with or without these chronic conditions. Diet and exercise regulate gene expression by mediating epigenetic mechanisms in many tissues; however, such effects are poorly documented in the liver, a central metabolic organ. To dissect the consequences of diet and exercise on the liver epigenome, we measured DNA methylation, using reduced representation bisulfite sequencing, and transcription, using RNA-seq, in mice maintained on a fast food diet with sedentary lifestyle or exercise, compared with control diet with and without exercise. Our analyses reveal that genome-wide differential DNA methylation and expression of gene clusters are induced by diet and/or exercise. A combination of fast food and exercise triggers extensive gene alterations, with enrichment of carbohydrate/lipid metabolic pathways and muscle developmental processes. Through evaluation of putative protective effects of exercise on diet-induced DNA methylation, we show that hypermethylation is effectively prevented, especially at promoters and enhancers, whereas hypomethylation is only partially attenuated. We assessed diet-induced DNA methylation changes associated with liver cancer-related epigenetic modifications and identified significant increases at liver-specific enhancers in fast food groups, suggesting partial loss of liver cell identity. Hypermethylation at a subset of gene promoters was associated with inhibition of tissue development and promotion of carcinogenic processes. Our study demonstrates extensive reprogramming of the epigenome by diet and exercise, emphasizing the functional relevance of epigenetic mechanisms as an interface between lifestyle modifications and phenotypic alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Zhou
- a Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics , Mayo Clinic , Rochester , MN , USA
| | - Ryan A Hlady
- a Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics , Mayo Clinic , Rochester , MN , USA
| | - Marissa J Schafer
- b Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic , Rochester , MN , USA.,c Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation , Mayo Clinic , Rochester , MN , USA
| | - Thomas A White
- b Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic , Rochester , MN , USA
| | - Chen Liu
- d Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine , Rutgers University , NJ , USA
| | - Jeong-Hyeon Choi
- e Department of Applied Research , Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea , Korea
| | - Jordan D Miller
- b Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic , Rochester , MN , USA.,f Department of Surgery , Mayo Clinic , Rochester , MN , USA
| | - Lewis R Roberts
- g Mayo Clinic Cancer Center , Mayo Clinic , Rochester , MN , USA.,h Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester , MN , USA
| | - Nathan K LeBrasseur
- b Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic , Rochester , MN , USA.,c Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation , Mayo Clinic , Rochester , MN , USA
| | - Keith D Robertson
- a Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics , Mayo Clinic , Rochester , MN , USA.,g Mayo Clinic Cancer Center , Mayo Clinic , Rochester , MN , USA.,i Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic , Rochester , MN , USA
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