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Abdelhamid WG, Mowaad NA, Asaad GF, Galal AF, Mohammed SS, Mostafa OE, Sadek DR, Elkhateb LA. The potential protective effect of Camellia Sinensis in mitigating monosodium glutamate-induced neurotoxicity: biochemical and histological study in male albino rats. Metab Brain Dis 2024; 39:953-966. [PMID: 38869783 PMCID: PMC11233344 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-024-01365-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is the sodium compound derived from glutamic acid. Excessive daily ingestion of MSG leads to elevated amounts of glutamic acid in the bloodstream, which can be detrimental to brain structures. Camellia sinensis, often known as green tea (GT), is a rich source of essential hexogen antioxidants that are necessary for the body. Thirty-two adult male albino rats were divided into four groups (n = 8). Group 1 served as a control -ve group. Group 2 was given GT (1.5 ml/rat/day). Group 3 was given MSG (600 mg/kg/day). Group 4 was given MSG (600 mg/kg/day) and GT (1.5 ml/rat/day). All treatments were given orally for 28 days. MSG administration resulted in significant neurotoxicity in rats that was revealed by the significant reduction of serum concentration of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and nitric oxide (NO), and the significant elevation of total antioxidant capacity (TAC) accompanied by the significant reduction of levels of serum monoamines (dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine) and histological changes in the hippocampus area CA1, dentate gyrus, and cerebellar cortex and positive immunohistochemical staining of glial fibrillary acidic proteins (GFAP) and calretinin. Administration of GT with MSG counteracted the MSG-mediated oxidative stress by significantly increasing serum concentrations of GPX and NO and significantly decreasing concentrations of TAC. Furthermore, GT significantly increased levels of serum monoamines (dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine). Moreover, it ameliorated the histological changes, GFAP, and calretinin immunostaining in brain tissues. It is envisaged that GT will serve as a viable protective choice for the inclusion of the neurotoxicity treatment procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walaa G Abdelhamid
- Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Noha A Mowaad
- Narcotics, Ergogenics and Poisons Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Gihan F Asaad
- Pharmacology Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Asmaa F Galal
- Narcotics, Ergogenics and Poisons Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sarah S Mohammed
- Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Olfat E Mostafa
- Biochemistry Department, Poison Control Center, Ain Shams University Hospitals, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Doaa R Sadek
- Histology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Lobna A Elkhateb
- Histology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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PEKMEZEKMEK A. MONOSODYUM GLUTAMAT, LEZZET ARTTIRICI MI, ÖLDÜREN LEZZET Mİ? KAHRAMANMARAŞ SÜTÇÜ İMAM ÜNIVERSITESI TIP FAKÜLTESI DERGISI 2022. [DOI: 10.17517/ksutfd.1067018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Monosodium glutamat (MSG) 1800’lü yıllardan beri lezzet artırıcı katkı maddesi olarak, işlenmiş ve paketlenmiş tuzlu veya tatlı gıdalarda kullanılmaktadır. Yapılan birçok çalışma MSG kullanımının çok sayıda yapısal ve fonksiyonel bozukluklara yol açabileceğini ortaya çıkarmıştır. Son yıllarda MSG kullanımının çok artması gıda güvenliği konusunda endişelerinde artmasına neden olmuştur.
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Kochmar M. MY, Golosh JV, Hetsko OI. EFFECT OF MONOSODIUM GLUTAMATE ON ORGANS OF THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM IN HUMANS AND RATS. BULLETIN OF PROBLEMS BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.29254/2077-4214-2022-3-166-58-69] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Banerjee A, Mukherjee S, Maji BK. Monosodium glutamate causes hepato-cardiac derangement in male rats. Hum Exp Toxicol 2021; 40:S359-S369. [PMID: 34560825 DOI: 10.1177/09603271211049550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
People in the fast-food era rely on pre-packaged foods and engage in limited physical activity, which leads to a shift in eating patterns. Monosodium glutamate (MSG), a dietary ingredient used in this sort of cuisine, has been found to be hazardous to both experimental animals and humans. The objective of this study was to explore at the unnecessary changes caused by consuming MSG in secret and exceeding the recommended dosage. Hence, we decided to evaluate the impact of MSG by using three different doses (200, 400, and 600 mg/kg body weight orally) for 28 days in rats. We uncovered that all three MSG dosages result in a rise in body weight, dyslipidemia, inflammatory response, and hepato-cardiac marker enzymes, all of which imply hepatic and cardiac toxicity. Furthermore, changes in redox status suggest oxidative stress, which was higher in all three MSG dosages although not as much as in the MSG-600 group when compared to control. Such effects eventually manifested themselves in tissue architecture of the liver and heart, resulting in severe hepato-cardiac derangement, but the degree of tissue damage was greater in the MSG-600 group. As a result, it is possible that MSG has a negative influence on the liver and heart. However, the MSG-600 group showed a substantial effect, indicating that MSG should not be used in food preparation. Therefore, the findings of the study may aid in the formulation of health-care strategies and serve as a warning to the general public regarding the use of MSG in daily diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnab Banerjee
- Department of Physiology (UG & PG), Serampore College, West Bengal, India
| | - Sandip Mukherjee
- Department of Physiology (UG & PG), Serampore College, West Bengal, India
| | - Bithin Kumar Maji
- Department of Physiology (UG & PG), Serampore College, West Bengal, India
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Nwanneka OL, Abigail A, Yemisi A, Oniovosa Leonard AG, Onoriode OG, Ndubuisi Chikere NM, Ewenodere BO, Emmanual I, Adekunle AA. Effect of the Aqueous Extract of Ganoderma lucidum on the Haematology, Oestradiol, Cholesterol and Protein Levels of Wistar Rats Fed with Monosodium Glutamate. MALAYSIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.21315/mjps2020.18.2.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Monosodium glutamate (MSG) at high concentration has been reported to alter the physiological and biochemical states of animals and humans. Ganoderma lucidum (G. lucidum) is a polypore mushroom reported to possess many medicinal attributes such as anticholesterolemia and the control of hormonal disorders. The present study investigated the effect of water extract of G. lucidum in the changes of haematology, oestradiol, cholesterol and protein levels of Wistar rats induced by MSG. Haematological analysis was determined from plasma, while oestrogen, serum total protein and cholesterol levels were determined from the serum of the rats. Results showed that MSG significantly raised the level of oestrogen (62.5 ± 0.28 pg/mL) in the rats which was significantly reduced in the rats fed with MSG for 30 days before treating them with the extracts of G. lucidum (30.85 ± 12.94 pg/mL–44.15 ± 0.92 pg/mL) and in rats fed concurrently with MSG and G. lucidum. The cholesterol level was significantly reduced in the rats treated with MSG and G. lucidum (200 mg/kg) concurrently compared to rats fed with MSG alone. The white blood cell (WBC) and red blood cell (RBC) levels were within normal in rats fed with both MSG and G. lucidum as in the control group while the rats fed with MSG only had low WBC, neutrophil (NEU) and RBC. This could imply that G. lucidum ameliorates the effect of MSG on serum oestrogen, serum cholesterol, WBCs, NEU, platelets and lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Abraham Abigail
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Ayoade Yemisi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Yaba College of Technology, Lagos, Nigeria
| | | | | | | | - Bikomo Ojigho Ewenodere
- Biochemistry Section, Department of Chemical Science, School of Science, Yaba College of Technology, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Ikegwu Emmanual
- Department of Statistics, School of Science, Yaba College of Technology, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Ayodeji Ayo Adekunle
- Department of Statistics, School of Science, Yaba College of Technology, Lagos, Nigeria
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Omogbiya AI, Ben-Azu B, Eduviere AT, Eneni AEO, Nwokoye PO, Ajayi AM, Umukoro S. Monosodium glutamate induces memory and hepatic dysfunctions in mice: ameliorative role of Jobelyn ® through the augmentation of cellular antioxidant defense machineries. Toxicol Res 2020; 37:323-335. [PMID: 34295796 DOI: 10.1007/s43188-020-00068-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of high doses of monosodium glutamate (MSG), a known food additive on hepatic, memory and locomotor functions in mice, and the ameliorative potentials of Jobelyn® (JB), a unique dietary supplement. Twenty four male Swiss mice divided into 4 groups (n = 6) were given MSG (2, 4 and 8 g/kg) or normal saline (10 mL/kg) orally for 14 days. In the intervention study, another set of 30 male Swiss mice distributed into 5 groups (n = 6) received normal saline, MSG (8 g/kg) alone or in combination with JB (5, 10 and 20 mg/kg) orally, for 14 days. Memory and locomotor functions as well as brain oxido-nitrergic stress biomarkers were then assessed in both studies. The hepatic oxido-nitrergic stress biomarkers, liver enzymes functions and histomorphology of the liver were also assessed. MSG (2, 4 and 8 g/kg) produced memory dysfunction, hyperlocomotion, increased malondialdehyde and nitrite levels accompanied by decreased antioxidant status in the brain and hepatic tissues. MSG-treated mice had increased hepatic enzyme activities (alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase) and distorted cyto-architectural integrity of the liver. These findings further suggest that MSG compromised hepatic functioning, which might also contribute to its neurotoxicity. However, JB (5, 10 and 20 mg/kg, p.o) attenuated the memory deficit, hyperlocomotion, increased oxido-nitrergic stress responses in the brain and hepatic tissues induced by MSG (8 g/kg, p.o). JB also normalized hepatic enzymes activities and histomorphological changes in MSG-treated mice. Taken together, JB mitigated MSG-induced toxicity through mechanisms relating to enhancement of cellular antioxidant-machineries and normalization of hepatic enzymatic functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Itivere Omogbiya
- Neuropharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State Nigeria
- Neuropharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Delta State Nigeria
| | - Benneth Ben-Azu
- Neuropharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State Nigeria
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, PAMO University of Medical Sciences, Port-Harcourt, Rivers State Nigeria
| | - Anthony Taghogho Eduviere
- Neuropharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Delta State Nigeria
| | - Aya-Ebi Okubo Eneni
- Neuropharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State Nigeria
| | - Prisilla O Nwokoye
- Neuropharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Delta State Nigeria
| | - Abayomi Mayowa Ajayi
- Neuropharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State Nigeria
| | - Solomon Umukoro
- Neuropharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State Nigeria
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Shukry M, El-Shehawi AM, El-Kholy WM, Elsisy RA, Hamoda HS, Tohamy HG, Abumandour MM, Farrag FA. Ameliorative Effect of Graviola ( Annona muricata) on Mono Sodium Glutamate-Induced Hepatic Injury in Rats: Antioxidant, Apoptotic, Anti-inflammatory, Lipogenesis Markers, and Histopathological Studies. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10111996. [PMID: 33143024 PMCID: PMC7693810 DOI: 10.3390/ani10111996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Food additives, especially monosodium glutamate (MSG), induces serious liver disorders. This study premeditated to investigate the effect of Graviola extract (GE) on hepatic and cellular alterations induced by MSG. Our result revealed that GE administration normalized the oxidative stress markers, as well as the proinflammatory cytokines, in addition to downregulation of the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and FAS, hepatic fatty acid synthase, and led to the upregulation of the silent information regulator protein one (SIRT1) gene. This is the first report investigating the intracellular pathway and mechanism of Graviola extract’s action in alleviating the MSG supplementation injuries. Abstract Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is a widely used food additive, and there is a trepidation that MSG plays a critical role in multiple hepatic disorders. This study was planned to investigate Graviola extract (GE) effects on hepatic and cellular alterations induced by MSG. Fifty Wistar rats were randomly allocated into five groups: control (received normal saline), Graviola (received 200 mg/kg body weight), MSG (received 2.4 gm MSG/kg, 15% of Lethal dose (LD50) of MSG), Graviola + monosodium glutamate (MSG + GE; received GE, 200 mg/kg/day and MSG 2.4 gm/kg body weight (BW) for the next four weeks), and monosodium glutamate + Graviola (received MSG only (2.4 gm/kg BW) daily for four weeks, then concomitant with Graviola (200 mg/kg BW) daily for the next four weeks. MSG and GR were administered orally for eight weeks. Our results showed that MSG caused a significant increase in oxidative stress markers malondialdehyde (MDA), reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), proinflammatory cytokines interleukin 6 (IL-6) level, a tumor protein (P53), hepatic cellular damage, as well as proapoptotic markers caspase-3, and B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL-2)-like protein 4 (Bax). A significant decrease in superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione S transferase (GST), reduced glutathione (GSH), and an antiapoptotic agent B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCl-2) was observed. The detected MSG effects were normalized by Graviola administration, either a prophylactic or protecting dose. Besides, Graviola reduced the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and hepatic fatty acid synthase (FAS) and led to the upregulation of the silent information regulator protein one gene expression gene (SIRT1).In conclusion, the results suggest that Gaviola’s interrelated antiapoptotic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties are potential mechanisms to enhance hepatic deficits and protect the liver. Graviola can, therefore, be considered a promising hepatoprotective supplement. Additionally, further human clinical trials are also necessary to validate the present research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Shukry
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, 33511 Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
- Correspondence:
| | - Ahmed M. El-Shehawi
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, 21527 Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Wafaa M. El-Kholy
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, 35516 Mansoura, Egypt;
| | - Rasha A. Elsisy
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, 33516 Kafrelsheikh, Egypt;
| | - Hazem S. Hamoda
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aswan University, 81528 Aswan, Egypt;
| | - Hossam G. Tohamy
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, 22785 Alexandria, Egypt;
| | - Mohamed M. Abumandour
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, 22785 Alexandria, Egypt;
| | - Foad A. Farrag
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, 33511 Kafrelsheikh, Egypt;
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Adadi P, Barakova NV, Krivoshapkina EF. Scientific approaches to improving artisan methods of producing local food condiments in Ghana. Food Control 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2019.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Butanol Extract of Tinospora cordifolia Ameliorates Cognitive Deficits Associated with Glutamate-Induced Excitotoxicity: A Mechanistic Study Using Hippocampal Neurons. Neuromolecular Med 2019; 22:81-99. [DOI: 10.1007/s12017-019-08566-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Zhelyazkov G, Stratev D. Effect of monosodium glutamate on growth performance and blood biochemical parameters of rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss W.). Vet World 2019; 12:1008-1012. [PMID: 31528025 PMCID: PMC6702566 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2019.1008-1012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of dietary monosodium glutamate (MSG) on growth performance and blood biochemical parameters of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss W.). Materials and Methods: A total of 200 trouts were allotted in five experimental groups (n=40) that for 60 days received feed supplemented with MSG at the following levels: 0% (K) or 0.5% (E) or 1% (F) or 3% (G) or 5% (H). Results: The average initial weight of trouts was 116.68±1.51 g (K), 116.58±1.33 g (E), 116.43±1.39 g (F), 117.40±1.47 g (G), and 115.95±1.88 g (H). At the end of the trial, control fish (K) had the lowest live weight (242.90±3.87 g) compared to Groups E (252.70±5.69 g), F (250.93±4.82 g), G (248.25±4.98 g), and H (247.95±4.74 g). Feed conversion ratio (FCR) of control group (K) was higher (1.11±0.02) versus FCR values established in Groups E (1.03±0.01), F (1.04±0.02), G (1.07±0.03), and H (1.06±0.02). Albumin, aspartate aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, alkaline phosphatase, phosphorus, magnesium, and triglyceride exhibited statistically significant differences versus controls. Conclusion: The results from the study showed that dietary supplementation of rainbow trouts with MSG increased live weight and reduced FCR. The optimum level of MSG recommended for addition to feed was 0.5%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgi Zhelyazkov
- Department of Biology and Aquaculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Trakia University, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Deyan Stratev
- Department of Food Hygiene and Control, Veterinary Legislation and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
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Zhang Y, Zhang L, Venkitasamy C, Pan Z, Ke H, Guo S, Wu D, Wu W, Zhao L. Potential effects of umami ingredients on human health: Pros and cons. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2019; 60:2294-2302. [PMID: 31272187 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2019.1633995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Umami taste is the most recent confirmed basic taste in addition to sour, sweet, bitter, and salty. It has been controversial because of its effects on human nutritional benefit. Based on the available literatures, this review categorized 13 positive and negative effects of umami taste on human health. On the positive side, umami taste can improve food flavor and consumption, improve nutrition intake of the elderly and patients, protect against duodenal cancer, reduce ingestion of sodium chloride, decrease consumption of fat, and improve oral functions. On the other hand, umami taste can also induce hepatotoxicity, cause asthma, induce migraine headaches, damage the nervous system, and promote obesity. Due to its novelty, there are many functions and effects of umami taste waiting to be discovered. With further investigation, more information regarding the effects of umami taste on human health will be discerned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing of Sichuan, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Longyi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing of Sichuan, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chandrasekar Venkitasamy
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA.,Healthy Processed Foods Research Unit, Western Regional Research Center, USDA-ARS, Albany, California, USA
| | - Zhongli Pan
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA.,Healthy Processed Foods Research Unit, Western Regional Research Center, USDA-ARS, Albany, California, USA
| | - Huan Ke
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing of Sichuan, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Siya Guo
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing of Sichuan, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Di Wu
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing of Sichuan, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wanxia Wu
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing of Sichuan, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liming Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing of Sichuan, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China.,State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, R&D Center of Separation and Extraction Technology in Fermentation Industry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
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Roles of Moringa oleifera Leaf Extract in Improving the Impact of High Dietary Intake of Monosodium Glutamate-Induced Liver Toxicity, Oxidative Stress, Genotoxicity, DNA Damage, and PCNA Alterations in Male Rats. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:4501097. [PMID: 30647808 PMCID: PMC6311796 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4501097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
It is common for food to be made more palatable through the use of the flavour enhancer monosodium glutamate, also known as vetsin powder. The purpose of the study described in this paper was to explore how vetsin-induced hepatic toxicity, DNA fragmentation, damage, and oxidative stress modifications could be mitigated with moringa leaf extract (MLE). To that end, 40 male rats were separated into four groups: normal control, positive control or MLE, vetsin, and vetsin combined with MLE. Results indicated that, compared to the control group, the levels of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), liver malondialdehyde (MDA), DNA damage, injury, PCNA, and P53 expressions were significantly enhanced by the administration of vetsin (P < 0.05). However, the vetsin group had significantly reduced levels of albumin, globulin, total protein, liver glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase enzyme (SOD), catalase, and glutathione S-transferase (GST) enzyme activities (P < 0.05) by comparison to control. Meanwhile, modifications in liver functions, oxidative stress, DNA damage, liver injury, and PCNA expression were alleviated when vetsin was administered alongside MLE. The authors conclude that vetsin may have many side effects and that MLE can ameliorate biochemical changes, oxidative stress, hepatic injury, PCNA, and P53 alterations induced by vetsin administration.
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Cui C, Lu H, Hui Q, Lu S, Liu Y, Ahmad W, Wang Y, Hu P, Liu X, Cai Y, Liu L, Zhang X, Zhao K, Li Y, Ren H, Jin N, Liu Z. A preliminary investigation of the toxic effects of Benzylpenicilloic acid. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 111:567-577. [PMID: 29233688 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Benzylpenicilloic acid (BPNLA) is a major cleavage product of benzylpenicillin G (BP) generated after heating treatment. It is found in animal derived products from the unstable residual penicillin. Previous studies have only reported the allergic reaction caused by BPNLA, but not described its toxicity. In this study, the toxicity of BPNLA was evaluated to report the potential public health risk posed by animal derived products using in vivo and in vitro models, including the acute toxicity assays, cytotoxicity assays, apoptosis assays and cell cycle progression assay. The LD50 value for BPNLA was 8.48 g/kg [bw] intraperitoneally. BPNLA showed cytotoxicity and inhibition of cell proliferation on SK-N-SH cells, MRC-5 cells and GC-1 cells. Further, Annexin-v/PI staining and Hoechst 33342 staining showed increased cell apoptosis and nucleus morphological changes with toxic levels of BPNLA. BPNLA arrested cells in G1 phase and reduced cells population in S phase in a dose-dependent manner. This work suggests that BPNLA might be a potential toxic agent and might have public health significance. However, the toxic concentrations of BPNLA are relatively high compared to levels that would result from the degradation of antibiotics residues in meat from animals that have received a therapeutic dose of benzylpenicillin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Cui
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, 5333 Xi'an Road, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, PR China
| | - Huijun Lu
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Institute of Military Veterinary, AMMS, Changchun, Jilin, 130122, PR China
| | - Qi Hui
- School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Chashan University Park, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, PR China
| | - Shiying Lu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, 5333 Xi'an Road, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, PR China
| | - Yan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Institute of Military Veterinary, AMMS, Changchun, Jilin, 130122, PR China
| | - Waqas Ahmad
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, 5333 Xi'an Road, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, PR China; Section of Epidemiology and Public Health, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Jhang, 35200, Pakistan
| | - Yang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, 5333 Xi'an Road, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, PR China
| | - Pan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, 5333 Xi'an Road, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, PR China
| | - Xilin Liu
- China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130033, PR China
| | - Yan Cai
- Changchun Institute of Biological Products, 1616 Chuangxin Road, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, PR China
| | - Lingjiu Liu
- Changchun Institute of Biological Products, 1616 Chuangxin Road, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, PR China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, 5333 Xi'an Road, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, PR China
| | - Ke Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, 5333 Xi'an Road, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, PR China
| | - Yansong Li
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, 5333 Xi'an Road, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, PR China
| | - Honglin Ren
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, 5333 Xi'an Road, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, PR China
| | - Ningyi Jin
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Institute of Military Veterinary, AMMS, Changchun, Jilin, 130122, PR China.
| | - Zengshan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, 5333 Xi'an Road, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, PR China.
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Kazmi Z, Fatima I, Perveen S, Malik SS. Monosodium glutamate: Review on clinical reports. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2017.1295260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zehra Kazmi
- Microbiology and Biotechnology Research Lab, Department of Environmental Sciences, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Iffat Fatima
- Department of Animal Sciences, Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Shaghufta Perveen
- Microbiology and Biotechnology Research Lab, Department of Environmental Sciences, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Saima Shakil Malik
- Microbiology and Biotechnology Research Lab, Department of Environmental Sciences, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
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Ibegbulem CO, Chikezie PC, Ukoha AI, Opara CN. Effects of diet containing monosodium glutamate on organ weights, acute blood steroidal sex hormone levels, lipid profile and erythrocyte antioxidant enzymes activities of rats. JOURNAL OF ACUTE DISEASE 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joad.2016.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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16
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Ugur Calis I, Turgut Cosan D, Saydam F, Kerem Kolac U, Soyocak A, Kurt H, Veysi Gunes H, Sahinturk V, Sahin Mutlu F, Ozdemir Koroglu Z, Degirmenci I. The Effects of Monosodium Glutamate and Tannic Acid on Adult Rats. IRANIAN RED CRESCENT MEDICAL JOURNAL 2016; 18:e37912. [PMID: 28184327 PMCID: PMC5291937 DOI: 10.5812/ircmj.37912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Revised: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Background Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is a widely-used flavor enhancer and stabilizer in ready-made or packaged foods. The excessive use of MSG has been shown to increase oxidative stress in different organ systems and causes glucose metabolism disorders, obesity, and coronary diseases. Objectives In this study, the antioxidant activity of tannic acid was investigated experimentally with respect to its protective effects against overdosed MSG-induced oxidative stress in rats. The study took place in Turkey in August 2013. Methods Four groups (n = 7) of three- to four-month-old Sprague-Dawley female rats were used in this study. The first group was the control, who were administered saline. The second group received tannic acid (50 mg/kg, 3 days) intraperitoneally (i.p.). The third group received MSG (2 g/kg, 7 days) i.p., and the fourth group received both tannic acid (50 mg/kg, 3 days, pretreatment) and MSG (2 g/kg, 7 days) i.p. The animals were euthanized ten days later. Blood was collected for determining the hematological values and blood glucose levels. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were determined in the brain, liver, and kidney homogenates, and in the erythrocyte hemolysate. Histopathological examination of the brain, liver, and kidneys was conducted through hematoxylin-eosin staining. Results The data showed that the tannic acid treatment statistically decreased the MDA levels in the brain tissues of the group administered MSG and tannic acid (P < 0.001) when compared to the corresponding values of the control group. The SOD activities in the blood hemolysates of the MSG and tannic acid group increased when compared to the corresponding values for the MSG group (P < 0.01). Additionally, we found that pretreatment with tannic acid reduced blood glucose levels in comparison to the levels of the MSG group (P = 0.029). The results of our study show that tannic acid pretreatment in adult rats decreased blood glucose levels and oxidative stress. Conclusions In the literature, it was observed that short-term MSG exposure does not cause significant histological changes in the kidneys, liver, or brain cortex. These findings should be re-evaluated in additional long-term studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Ugur Calis
- Department of Medical Biology, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Didem Turgut Cosan
- Department of Medical Biology, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir, Turkey
- Corresponding Author: Didem Turgut Cosan, Department of Medical Biology, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir, Turkey. Tel: +90-2222392979, Fax: +90-2222392986, E-mail:
| | - Faruk Saydam
- Department of Medical Biology, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Faculty of Medicine, Rize, Turkey
| | - Umut Kerem Kolac
- Department of Medical Biology, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Ahu Soyocak
- Department of Medical Biology, Istanbul Aydin University, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hulyam Kurt
- Department of Medical Biology, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Hasan Veysi Gunes
- Department of Medical Biology, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Varol Sahinturk
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Fezan Sahin Mutlu
- Department of Biostatistics, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | | | - Irfan Degirmenci
- Department of Medical Biology, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir, Turkey
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Unal F, Ataseven N, Celebi Keskin A, Yuzbasioglu D. Answer to letter sent by Dr. M.D. Rogers (Chairman of the International Glutamate Technical Committee (IGTC), Belgium) related to Ataseven et al. article published in Food and Chemical Toxicology 2016; 91:8–18. Food Chem Toxicol 2016; 94:262-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2016.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Revised: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Bayomy NA, Soliman GM, Abdelaziz EZ. Effect of Potassium Bromate on the Liver of Adult Male Albino Rat and A Possible Protective Role of Vitamin C: Histological, Immunohistochemical, and Biochemical Study. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2016; 299:1256-69. [PMID: 27373450 DOI: 10.1002/ar.23386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Potassium bromate (KBrO3 ) is a food additive which is used primarily as a maturing agent for flour. It is proved as a toxic agent with significant reduction in the activities of antioxidant capacity. The therapeutic efficacy of vitamin C as antioxidant may provide a possible solution to KBrO3 mediated oxidative damage. Twenty four adult male albino rats were used to evaluate the protective role of vitamin C against KBrO3 induced hepatotoxicity and divided into four groups; Group 1 (control), Group 2: received 30 mg/Kg/day vitamin C orally for 4 weeks, Group 3: received 20 mg/Kg/dose KBrO3 orally twice weekly for 4 weeks and Group 4: received both KBrO3 and vitamin C. Liver specimens were processed for histological study by light and electron microscopes and stained immunohistochemically to detect glial fibriller acidic protein (GFAP). Serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were estimated as well as the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities in all dissected tissues were determined. KBrO3 induced histological alterations in the form of degeneration, cellular infiltration and significant increase in collagen deposition in portal tracts with a significant increase in immunoexpression of GFAP. Significant rise in serum levels of AST, ALT, and MDA in liver tissues were recorded. However, levels of GSH and SOD were significantly decreased. Most of these changes were improved by vitamin C treatment. In conclusion, vitamin C ameliorates the histological and biochemical alterations of the liver induced by KBrO3 . Anat Rec, 299:1256-1269, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naglaa A Bayomy
- Histology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Gehan M Soliman
- Histology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Eman Z Abdelaziz
- Pharmacology department, Faculty of Medicine, Ismalia University, Suez Canal, Egypt
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Sadek K, Abouzed T, Nasr S. Lycopene modulates cholinergic dysfunction, Bcl-2/Bax balance, and antioxidant enzymes gene transcripts in monosodium glutamate (E621) induced neurotoxicity in a rat model. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2016; 94:394-401. [DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2015-0388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The effect of monosodium glutamate (MSG) on brain tissue and the relative ability of lycopene to avert these neurotoxic effects were investigated. Thirty-two male Wistar rats were distributed into 4 groups: group I, untreated (placebo); group II, injected with MSG (5 mg·kg−1) s.c.; group III, gastrogavaged with lycopene (10 mg·kg−1) p.o.; and group IV received MSG with lycopene with the same mentioned doses for 30 days. The results showed that MSG induced elevation in lipid peroxidation marker and perturbation in the antioxidant homeostasis and increased the levels of brain and serum cholinesterase (ChE), total creatine phosphokinase (CPK), creatine phosphokinase isoenzymes BB (CPK-BB), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Glutathione S-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) activities and gene expression were increased and glutathione content was reduced in the MSG-challenged rats, and these effects were ameliorated by lycopene. Furthermore, MSG induced apoptosis in brain tissues reflected in upregulation of pro-apoptotic Bax while lycopene upregulated the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2. Our results indicate that lycopene appears to be highly effective in relieving the toxic effects of MSG by inhibiting lipid peroxidation and inducing modifications in the activity of cholinesterase and antioxidant pathways. Interestingly, lycopene protects brain tissue by inhibiting apoptosis signaling induced by MSG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kadry Sadek
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Al-Buhiyra Governorate, Egypt
| | - Tarek Abouzed
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafr El-sheikh University, Egypt
| | - Sherif Nasr
- Department of Veterinary Genetics and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Egypt
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Umukoro S, Oluwole GO, Olamijowon HE, Omogbiya AI, Eduviere AT. Effect of Monosodium Glutamate on Behavioral Phenotypes, Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress in Brain Tissues and Liver Enzymes in Mice. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.4236/wjns.2015.55033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Alalwani AD. Monosodium glutamate induced testicular lesions in rats (histological study). MIDDLE EAST FERTILITY SOCIETY JOURNAL 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mefs.2013.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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