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The prevalence and clinical relevance of 2R/2R TYMS genotype in patients with gastrointestinal malignancies treated with fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy regimens. THE PHARMACOGENOMICS JOURNAL 2021; 21:308-317. [PMID: 33608662 PMCID: PMC8159739 DOI: 10.1038/s41397-021-00210-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Introduction The prevalence of 2R/2R TYMS genotype is variable but estimated to be around 20–30% in Caucasians. The clinical relevance of TYMS 2R/2R genotype in predicting severe fluoropyrimidine-related adverse events (FrAE) is controversial. Here, we explored the prevalence and clinical relevance of 2R/2R TYMS genotype. Methods Between 2011 and 2018, 126 patients were genotyped for TYMS. FrAEs were graded according to CTCAE version 5.0. Fisher’s exact test was used for statistical analysis. Results The prevalence of TYMS 2R/2R genotype was 24.6%. Among patients with TYMS genotypes (N = 71) that predict decreased TS expression, 2R/2R TYMS genotype was the most common TYMS genotype seen in female (57%) and African American (60%) patients. Among patients with genotypes that predict increased TS expression (N = 55), 12 patients had grade 3–4 FrAEs (22%), while among patients with genotypes that predict decreased TS expression (N = 71), 30 patients had grade 3–4 FrAEs (42%) (p = 0.0219). Compared to patients with genotypes predicting increased TS expression, 17 out of 31 patients (55%) with TYMS 2R/2R genotype had grade 3–4 FrAEs (p = 0.0039) and 15 out 40 patients (38%) with TYMS 2R/3RC and TYMS 3RC/3RC genotype had grade 3–4 FrAEs (p = 0.1108). Conclusion The prevalence of TYMS 2R/2R genotype was 24.6%, and it had a unique sex and ethnic distribution. Polymorphism in the promoter region of TYMS gene that predicts decreased TS expression due to 2R/2R variant was associated with grade 3–4 FrAEs. These data suggest that genotyping patients who are not DPD deficient for TYMS might identify patients at risk of severe FrAEs.
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Guo WL, Geng J, Zhao JG, Fang F, Huang SG, Wang J. Gene expression profiling reveals upregulated FUT1 and MYBPC1 in children with pancreaticobiliary maljunction. Braz J Med Biol Res 2019; 52:e8522. [PMID: 31365696 PMCID: PMC6668958 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20198522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreaticobiliary maljunction (PBM) is associated with high risk of epithelial atypical growth and malignant transformation of the bile duct or gallbladder. However, overall changes in genetic expression have not been examined in children with PBM. Genome-wide expression was analyzed using peripheral blood samples from 10 children with PBM and 15 pediatric controls. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using microarray. Bioinformatics analysis was conducted using Gene Ontology and KEGG analyses. The top 5 in the up-regulated genes in PBM were verified with qRT-PCR. Receiver operator characteristic curve analysis was conducted to evaluate the predictive accuracy of selected genes for PBM. The microarray experiments identified a total of 876 DEGs in PBM, among which 530 were up-regulated and the remaining 346 were down-regulated. Verification of the top 5 up-regulated genes (TYMS, MYBPC1, FUT1, XAGE2, and GREB1L) by qRT-PCR confirmed the up-regulation of MYBPC1 and FUT1. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis suggested that FUT1 and MYBPC1 up-regulation could be used to predict PBM, with the area under the curve of 0.873 (95%CI=0.735-1.000) and 0.960 (95%CI=0.891-1.000), respectively. FUT1 and MYBPC1 were up-regulated in children with PBM, and could be used as potential biomarkers for PBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Liang Guo
- Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jia Geng
- Clinical Laboratory, the 3rd Hospital of Yulin, Yulin, China
| | - Jun-gang Zhao
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Fang Fang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Shun-Gen Huang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Wang SM, Zeng WX, Wu WS, Sun LL, Yan D. Genotype and allele frequencies of TYMS rs2790 A > G polymorphism in a Chinese paediatric population with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. J Clin Pharm Ther 2018; 43:507-512. [PMID: 29500934 DOI: 10.1111/jcpt.12678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE Thymidylate synthase (TYMS) is an important target for methotrexate (MTX). Genetic variations in the TYMS gene contribute to the differences in treatment responses to MTX. The aim of this study was to investigate the distribution of a microRNA (miRNA) binding site polymorphism (rs2790 A > G) in the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) of TYMS and its association with MTX concentration and haematological toxicity in Chinese paediatric patients with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). METHODS The Sequenom MassARRAY system was used for TYMS rs2790 A > G genotyping in 118 children with ALL. Serum MTX concentrations were measured by a fluorescence polarization immunoassay. Clinical data were extracted from the electronic medical records. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The minor allele frequency noted in this study (39.8%) was significantly higher than those in the CEU (Utah residents with northern and western Europe ancestry; 16.2%) and YRI (Yoruba in Ibadan, Nigeria; 25.0%) samples reported in the 1000 Genomes Project (P < .01). The frequency of MTX level >40 μmol/L at 24 hours in patients with the AA genotype (36.6%) was significantly higher than that in GG genotype carriers (5.9%, P < .05). However, the incidence rates of haematological toxicity were similar in the three genotype groups. Whereas there was evidence of higher blood levels in the A homozygotes, the evidence for this translating to higher toxicity was lacking. A larger study would be required to answer this. WHAT IS NEW AND CONCLUSION The results of this study confirmed the significant ethnic differences in the distributions of the TYMS rs2790 A > G polymorphism. Whereas there was evidence of differences in MTX blood levels according to genotype, our study was not powered to show whether this would lead to more haematological toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- S-M Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-characteristic Profiling for Evaluation of Rational Drug Use, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - W-X Zeng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-characteristic Profiling for Evaluation of Rational Drug Use, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - W-S Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - L-L Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - D Yan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-characteristic Profiling for Evaluation of Rational Drug Use, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Cantarella CD, Ragusa D, Giammanco M, Tosi S. Folate deficiency as predisposing factor for childhood leukaemia: a review of the literature. GENES & NUTRITION 2017; 12:14. [PMID: 28588742 PMCID: PMC5455200 DOI: 10.1186/s12263-017-0560-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Folic acid and its derivates, known as folates, are chemoprotective micronutrients of great interest because of their essential role in the maintenance of health and genomic integrity. The supplementation of folic acid during pregnancy has long been known to reduce the risk of neural tube defects (NTDs) in the foetus. Folate metabolism can be altered by many factors, including adequate intake through diet. Folate deficiency can compromise the synthesis, repair and methylation of DNA, with deleterious consequences on genomic stability and gene expression. These processes are known to be altered in chronic diseases, including cancer and cardiovascular diseases. MAIN BODY This review focuses on the association between folate intake and the risk of childhood leukaemia. Having compiled and analysed studies from the literature, we show the documented effects of folates on the genome and their role in cancer prevention and progression with particular emphasis on DNA methylation modifications. These changes are of crucial importance during pregnancy, as maternal diet has a profound impact on the metabolic and physiological functions of the foetus and the susceptibility to disease in later life. Folate deficiency is capable of modifying the methylation status of certain genes at birth in both animals and humans, with potential pathogenic and tumorigenic effects on the progeny. Pre-existing genetic polymorphisms can modify the metabolic network of folates and influence the risk of cancer, including childhood leukaemias. The protective effects of folic acid might be dose dependent, as excessive folic acid could have the adverse effect of nourishing certain types of tumours. CONCLUSION Overall, maternal folic acid supplementation before and during pregnancy seems to confer protection against the risk of childhood leukaemia in the offspring. The optimal folic acid requirements and supplementation doses need to be established, especially in conjunction with other vitamins in order to determine the most successful combinations of nutrients to maintain genomic health and wellbeing. Further research is therefore needed to uncover the role of maternal diet as a whole, as it represents a main factor capable of inducing permanent changes in the foetus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catia Daniela Cantarella
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Denise Ragusa
- Division of Biosciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Institute of Environment, Health and Societies, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK
| | - Marco Giammanco
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Sabrina Tosi
- Division of Biosciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Institute of Environment, Health and Societies, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK
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Qiao Z, Lou D, Ruan L. TSER polymorphism is not associated with risk of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia: A meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e6143. [PMID: 28207544 PMCID: PMC5319533 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000006143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accumulating studies have explored the effect of thymidylate synthase enhancer region (TSER) variation on risk of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) with controversial results. Therefore, this quantitative meta-analysis was performed to assess synthetically the association of TSER variation with susceptibility to develop pediatric ALL. METHODS The PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, Wanfang Database, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure were systematically retrieved to obtain the published case-control studies about the relationship between TSER variation and pediatric ALL risk. The quality assessment of the included studies was preformed and relevant information was collected. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were applied to evaluate the strength of association. RESULTS This meta-analysis finally included 2681 children with ALL and 3854 matched controls from 11 investigations. The quantitative synthesis results found no significant association between TSER variation and susceptibility to pediatric ALL in overall comparisons under 5 genetic models (2R/3R vs 3R/3R: OR = 0.95, 95% CI = 0.84-1.07, P = 0.41; 2R/2R vs 3R/3R: OR = 0.99, 95% CI = 0.84-1.16, P = 0.90; 2R2R vs 3R/3R+2R/3R: OR = 1.05, 95% CI = 0.92-1.21, P = 0.45; 2R/3R+2R/2R vs 3R/3R: OR = 0.97, 95% CI = 0.87-1.09, P = 0.63; 2R vs 3R: OR = 1.03, 95% CI = 0.92-1.15, P = 0.61). Similarly, there was no significant association existed in the stratification analyses according to ethnicity, control source, and quality score. CONCLUSION This meta-analysis shows that TSER variation is not related to the development risk of pediatric ALL.
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Zhao Y, Chen W, Zhu W, Li J, Su J, Zhao S, Chen M, Zhang J, Guo A, Yan S, Zhou X, Kuang X, Liu Z, Luo D, Knepper TC, He Y, Chen X. Tandem repeats of TSER significantly influence the efficacy of 5-fluorouracil in the treatment of plantar warts. Per Med 2016; 13:233-240. [PMID: 29767611 DOI: 10.2217/pme-2015-0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
AIM To identify potential genetic risk markers associated with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) treatment outcomes in plantar warts patients. METHODS In this study, 126 plantar warts patients were treated with an intralesional mixture of 5-FU, lidocaine and epinephrine. Treatment outcomes were compared with DNA mutation analysis. RESULTS More patients with TSER 3R/3R genotype failed 5-FU treatment than TSER 2R/3R+2R/2R (72.1 vs 43.8%; odds ratio: 3.32; 95% CI: 1.26-8.72; p = 0.013). In addition, the regression modeling identified patient age and TSER 3R allele as covariates of the risk of 5-FU treatment failure (p = 0.025). CONCLUSION TSER 3R/3R of TYMS gene was found to be the major risk of treatment failure. This genetic marker provides a potential treatment stratification target to modulate 5-FU treatment in plantar wart patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer & Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Department of Dermatology, Heping Hospital, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, China
| | - Wangqing Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer & Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wu Zhu
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer & Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer & Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Juan Su
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer & Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shuang Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer & Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Mingliang Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer & Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jianglin Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer & Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Aiyuan Guo
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer & Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Siyu Yan
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer & Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xingchen Zhou
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer & Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xinwei Kuang
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer & Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhaoqian Liu
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Dan Luo
- Department of Social Medicine & Health Management, Public Health School, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Todd C Knepper
- Moffitt Cancer Center, DeBartolo Family Personalized Medicine Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Yijing He
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer & Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Moffitt Cancer Center, DeBartolo Family Personalized Medicine Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Xiang Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer & Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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7
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Milne E, Greenop KR, Scott RJ, Haber M, Norris MD, Attia J, Jamieson SE, Miller M, Bower C, Bailey HD, Dawson S, McCowage GB, de Klerk NH, van Bockxmeer FM, Armstrong BK. Folate pathway gene polymorphisms, maternal folic acid use, and risk of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2015; 24:48-56. [PMID: 25395472 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-14-0680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies suggest that maternal folic acid supplementation before or during pregnancy protects against childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). We investigated associations between ALL risk and folate pathway gene polymorphisms, and their modification by maternal folic acid supplements, in a population-based case-control study (2003-2007). METHODS All Australian pediatric oncology centers provided cases; controls were recruited by national random digit dialing. Data from 392 cases and 535 controls were included. Seven folate pathway gene polymorphisms (MTHFR 677C>T, MTHFR 1298A>C, MTRR 66A>G, MTR 2756 A>G, MTR 5049 C>A, CBS 844 Ins68, and CBS 2199 T>C) were genotyped in children and their parents. Information on prepregnancy maternal folic acid supplement use was collected. ORs were estimated with unconditional logistic regression adjusted for frequency-matched variables and potential confounders. Case-parent trios were also analyzed. RESULTS There was some evidence of a reduced risk of ALL among children who had, or whose father had, the MTRR 66GG genotype: ORs 0.60 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.39-0.91] and 0.64 (95% CI, 0.40-1.03), respectively. The ORs for paternal MTHFR 677CT and TT genotypes were 1.41 (95% CI, 1.02-1.93) and 1.81 (95% CI, 1.06-3.07). ORs varied little by maternal folic acid supplementation. CONCLUSIONS Some folate pathway gene polymorphisms in the child or a parent may influence ALL risk. While biologically plausible, underlying mechanisms for these associations need further elucidation. IMPACT Folate pathway polymorphisms may be related to risk of childhood ALL, but larger studies are needed for conclusive results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Milne
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
| | - Kathryn R Greenop
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Rodney J Scott
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, John Hunter Hospital, New Lambton, New South Wales, Australia. School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia. Hunter Area Pathology Service, HNEHealth, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Michelle Haber
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Murray D Norris
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - John Attia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, John Hunter Hospital, New Lambton, New South Wales, Australia. School of Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sarra E Jamieson
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Margaret Miller
- School of Exercise and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Mount Lawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Carol Bower
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Helen D Bailey
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia. Section of Environment and Radiation, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Somer Dawson
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | | | - Nicholas H de Klerk
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Frank M van Bockxmeer
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Royal Perth Hospital and the School of Surgery, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Bruce K Armstrong
- Sax Institute, Haymarket, New South Wales, Australia. Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Dunna NR, Naushad SM, Vuree S, Anuradha C, Sailaja K, Surekha D, Rao DR, Vishnupriya S. Association of thymidylate synthase 5'-UTR 28bp tandem repeat and serine hydroxymethyltransfarase C1420T polymorphisms with susceptibility to acute leukemia. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2014; 15:1719-23. [PMID: 24641398 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.4.1719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current study was aimed to elucidate the association of thymidylate synthase (TYMS) 5'- UTR 28bp tandem repeat and cytosolic serine hydroxymethyltransferase (cSHMT) C1420T polymorphisms with acute leukemia in South Indian subjects. A total of 812 subjects [523 healthy controls, 148 acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cases and 141 acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cases] were screened for TYMS 5'-UTR 28bp tandem repeat and cSHMT C1420T using PCR-AFLP and PCR-with confronting two-pair primers (CTPP) approaches. TYMS 5'-UTR 2R allele frequencies of controls, ALL and AML cases were 35.3%, 28.0% and 30.1% respectively. This polymorphism conferred protection against ALL (OR: 0.71, 95%CI: 0.53-0.96) while showing no statistically significant association with AML (OR: 0.79, 95%CI: 0.58, 1.07). The cSHMT variant allele (T-) frequencies of ALL and AML cases (6.42% and 5.68% respectively) were significantly lower compared to controls (58.3%). This polymorphism conferred protection against ALL (OR: 0.049, 95%CI: 0.029-0.081) and AML (OR: 0.043, 95%CI: 0.025-0.074). The TYMS 5'-UTR 2R2R genotype was associated with a lower total leukocyte count, smaller percentage of blasts, and more adequate platelet count compared to 2R3R and 3R3R genotypes in ALL cases. No such genotype-dependent differences were observed in AML cases. ALL cases carrying the cSHMT C1420T polymorphism showed higher disease free survival compared to those with the wild genotype. To conclude, the TYMS 5'-UTR 28bp tandem repeat reduces risk for ALL while cSHMT C1420T reduces risk for both ALL and AML. Both also influence disease progression in ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nageswara Rao Dunna
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, India E-mail :
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9
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Wang L, Wang R, Pan Y, Sun Y, Zhang J, Chen H. The pemetrexed-containing treatments in the non-small cell lung cancer is -/low thymidylate synthase expression better than +/high thymidylate synthase expression: a meta-analysis. BMC Cancer 2014; 14:205. [PMID: 24641970 PMCID: PMC3994655 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-14-205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2012] [Accepted: 03/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The predictive value of thymidylate synthase (TS) for clinical sensitivity to pemetrexed-containing chemotherapy in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains controversial. This meta-analysis is performed to provide an assessment of whether expression variations of TS are associated with objective response in patients with NSCLC treated with pemetrexed-containing chemotherapy. METHODS An electronic search was conducted using the databases MEDLINE, EMBASE and CNKI, from inception to June 10th, 2013. A systemic review of the studies on the association between TS expression in NSCLC and objective response of pemetrexed-containing regimen was performed. Pooled odds ratios (OR) for the response rate were calculated using the software Revman 5.0. RESULTS There were a total of 526 patients in the eight studies that met our criteria for evaluation. +/high expression of TS was found in 269 patients (51.1%), and -/low expression for this gene was found in 257 (48.9%) patients. The objective response rate for pemetrexed-containing chemotherapy was significantly higher in patients with -/low expression TS expression (OR = 0.45; 95% CI, 0.29-0.70; p = 0.0004). Although patients with -/low expression of TS have a longer median overall survival time and progression free survival time than those with +/high expression of TS, the difference was not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS -/low expression of TS was associated with higher objective response in NSCLC patients treated with pemetrexed-containing chemotherapy. TS may be a suitable marker of sensitivity to pemetrexed-based chemotherapy in patients with NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong-An Road, Shanghai 200032, China.
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10
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Nazki FH, Sameer AS, Ganaie BA. Folate: Metabolism, genes, polymorphisms and the associated diseases. Gene 2014; 533:11-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2013.09.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 206] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2013] [Revised: 08/19/2013] [Accepted: 09/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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11
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Lima A, Azevedo R, Sousa H, Seabra V, Medeiros R. Current approaches for TYMS polymorphisms and their importance in molecular epidemiology and pharmacogenetics. Pharmacogenomics 2013; 14:1337-51. [DOI: 10.2217/pgs.13.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
TS is critical for providing the requisite nucleotide precursors in order to maintain DNA synthesis and repair. Furthermore, it is an important target for several drugs such as 5-fluorouracil and methotrexate. However, several mechanisms of resistance to TS inhibitors have been explained as linked to TYMS overexpression. Some authors have described the relationship between genetic polymorphisms on TYMS, in particular rs34743033, rs2853542 and rs34489327, with the development of several diseases and with the clinical response to drug therapy and/or survival. Nevertheless, the obtained results described in the literature are controversial, which has lead to a search strategy to understand the impact of these polymorphisms on molecular epidemiology and pharmacogenetics. With the progress of these scientific areas, early identification of individuals at risk of disease along with improvement in the prediction of patients’ outcome will offer a powerful tool for the translation of TYMS polymorphisms into clinical practice and individualization of treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurea Lima
- Molecular Oncology Group CI, Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Porto (IPO-Porto), Rua António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072, Porto, Portugal
- Abel Salazar Institute for the Biomedical Sciences (ICBAS), University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
- CESPU, Health Sciences Research Center (CICS), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Higher Institute of Health Sciences – North (ISCS-N), Rua Central de Gandra 1317, 4585-116, Gandra PRD, Portugal.
| | - Rita Azevedo
- Molecular Oncology Group CI, Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Porto (IPO-Porto), Rua António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072, Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine of University of Porto (FMUP), Al. Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Hugo Sousa
- Molecular Oncology Group CI, Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Porto (IPO-Porto), Rua António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072, Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine of University of Porto (FMUP), Al. Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Virology Service, Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Porto (IPO-Porto), Rua António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072, Porto, Portugal
| | - Vítor Seabra
- CESPU, Health Sciences Research Center (CICS), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Higher Institute of Health Sciences – North (ISCS-N), Rua Central de Gandra 1317, 4585-116, Gandra PRD, Portugal
| | - Rui Medeiros
- Molecular Oncology Group CI, Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Porto (IPO-Porto), Rua António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072, Porto, Portugal
- Abel Salazar Institute for the Biomedical Sciences (ICBAS), University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
- Virology Service, Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Porto (IPO-Porto), Rua António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072, Porto, Portugal
- Research Department – Portuguese League Against Cancer (LPCC-NRNorte), Estrada Interior da Circunvalação, 6657, 4200-177, Porto, Portugal
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