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Aloufi A, Aubee J, Vargas KM, Apprey V, Thompson K, Copeland R, Kanaan Y, Ricks-Santi L, Brim H, Abbas M. Vitamin D receptor polymorphisms and associated miRNAs in the development of breast cancer in African American women. Gene 2024:148695. [PMID: 38945313 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BCa) is a prevalent form of cancer in women, exhibiting varying rates and distribution across different ethnic groups. Among these groups, African American (AA) women have the highest incidence of BCa and the lowest levels of Vitamin D (VD). Numerous studies have explored the connection between variations in the VDR gene and BCa risk, particularly in different populations, but research on the AA population remains limited. Epigenetic modifications, including specific microRNAs (miRNAs), can influence gene expression without altering the genetic code and have been implicated in cancer initiation and progression. Our hypothesis suggests that VDR gene variations may increase BCa risk in AA women and that changes in miRNA expression profiles could contribute to BCa development. Using data from the 1000 Genome Project, we identified five VDR gene variants with significant frequency differences between AA and European-American (EA) populations. We genotyped 404 African American BCa cases and controls for five variants using TaqMan® assays. SNPstats assessed their association with BCa risk. The rs1544410 variant's recessive model (A/A) showed a decreased BCa risk in AA (odds ratio 0.33, 95% CI: 0.15-0.73, p-value 0.0041). Conversely, the rs2853563 variant's recessive model (A/A) was linked to an increased BCa risk (odds ratio 4.04, 95% CI: 1.49-10.95, p-value 0.0022). We investigated miRNA expression influenced by VD in HCC1806 Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) cell lines with the A/A allele for rs2853563. nCounter® Nanostring technology assessed miRNA profiles after calcitriol treatment. Our results indicated that calcitriol treatment led to reduced expression of six miRNAs, four of which are associated with tumor suppression in the presence of the AA genotype in TNBC cell lines. These findings suggest that specific VDR genotypes could have a potential effect on the miRNAs expression which could potentially serve as markers for cell proliferation in TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abrar Aloufi
- Howard University, Department of Microbiology, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Joseph Aubee
- Howard University, Department of Microbiology, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Kevin Monsalve Vargas
- MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Pre/Postoperative Services, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Victor Apprey
- The National Human Genome Center, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Karl Thompson
- Howard University, Department of Microbiology, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Robert Copeland
- Howard University, Department of Microbiology, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Yasmine Kanaan
- Howard University, Department of Microbiology, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | - Hassan Brim
- Howard University, Department of Pathology, Washington, DC, USA.
| | - Muneer Abbas
- Howard University, Department of Microbiology, Washington, DC, USA; The National Human Genome Center, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA.
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Nandakumar M, Sathyapalan T, Butler AE, Atkin SL. Oxidative Stress Markers and Heat Shock Proteins in Non-Obese Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Are Not Elevated and Show No Correlation with Vitamin D. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2044. [PMID: 37509682 PMCID: PMC10377564 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11072044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Oxidative stress (OS) is recognized in the pathophysiology of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). OS results in intracellular reactive oxygen species generation, causing oxidative protein damage that is protected by heat shock proteins (HSPs). Vitamin D is thought to reduce and protect against OS; therefore, OS, HSP, and vitamin D levels may be associated with PCOS. However, their expression in PCOS without underlying inflammation is unknown. METHODS In this exploratory study, the plasma levels of 7 OS proteins and 10 HSPs that are affected by the OS process were measured using Slow Off-rate Modified Aptamer (SOMA)-scan plasma protein measurements in non-obese, non-insulin resistant women with PCOS (n = 24) without systemic inflammation and control (n = 24) women; the cohorts were matched for weight and age. The OS proteins and HSPs were correlated with 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 (25(OH)D3) and the active form, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3), as measured by isotope-dilution liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. RESULTS The PCOS women versus the controls had comparable insulin resistance and systemic inflammation (C-reactive protein 2.0 mg/L vs. 2.3 mg/L, p > 0.05), but higher free androgen index and anti-mullerian hormone levels. Among the OS proteins, only esterase D (ESD; p < 0.01) was elevated in PCOS and the HSPs did not differ between the PCOS and control women. There was no correlation of 25(OH)D3 or 1,25(OH)2D3 with any of the proteins. CONCLUSIONS In a PCOS population that was non-obese and without insulin resistance and systemic inflammation, only ESD was elevated in PCOS, whilst the other OS proteins and HSPs were not elevated. Further, none of the OS proteins or HSPs were correlated with either 25(OH)D3 or 1,25(OH)2D3 in either cohort of women or when both cohorts were combined, indicating that the OS and HSP responses were largely absent and not affected by vitamin D in a non-obese PCOS population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjula Nandakumar
- Research Department, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Bahrain, Busaiteen, Adliya 15503, Bahrain
| | - Thozhukat Sathyapalan
- Academic Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Hull York Medical School, Hull HU6 7RU, UK
| | - Alexandra E Butler
- Research Department, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Bahrain, Busaiteen, Adliya 15503, Bahrain
| | - Stephen L Atkin
- Research Department, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Bahrain, Busaiteen, Adliya 15503, Bahrain
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Lee C, Mayer E, Bernthal N, Wenke J, O'Toole RV. Orthopaedic infections: what have we learned? OTA Int 2023; 6:e250. [PMID: 37168032 PMCID: PMC10166335 DOI: 10.1097/oi9.0000000000000250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Orthopaedic infections remain challenging complications to treat, with profound economic impact in addition to patient morbidity. The overall estimates of infection after orthopaedic surgery with internal devices has been estimated at 5%, with hospital costs eight times that of those without fracture-related infections and with significantly poorer functional and pain interference PROMIS scores. Orthopaedic infection interventions have been focused on prevention and treatment options. The creation of new modalities for orthopaedic infection treatment can benefit from the understanding of the temporal relationship between bacterial colonization and host-cell integration, a concept referred to as "the race for the surface." Regarding prevention, host modulation and antibiotic powder use have been explored as viable options to lower infection rates. Orthopaedic infection treatment has additionally continued to evolve, with PO antibiotics demonstrating equivalent efficacy to IV antibiotics for the treatment of orthopaedic infections in recent studies. In conclusion, orthopaedic infections remain difficult clinical dilemmas, although evolving prevention and treatment modalities continue to emerge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
- Corresponding author. Address: Christopher Lee, MD, University of California Los Angeles Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, 10833 Le Conte Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90095. E-mail:
| | - Erik Mayer
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Nicholas Bernthal
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Joseph Wenke
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX; and
| | - Robert V. O'Toole
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD
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Matuszkiewicz-Rowińska J, Kulicki P, Zebrowski P, Klatko W, Sokalski A, Niemczyk S, Wypych-Birecka M, Małyszko J. Cholecalciferol vs. Small Doses of Alfacalcidol vs. Placebo in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients on Hemodialysis: A Randomized Parallel Group Study. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 8:781191. [PMID: 35127748 PMCID: PMC8814355 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.781191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The ability of extrarenal tissues to convert 25(OH)D (calcidiol) into 1,25(OH)2D (calcitriol) and dependence of the conversion on substrate levels provide the rationale for supplementing vitamin D in dialysis patients who usually have severe depletion of both: 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH)2D. The primary aim of the study was to compare effects of small doses of cholecalciferol (12,000 IU/week) with frequently used in Europe, small doses of alfacalcidol (1.5 μg/week) or placebo, given for 12 weeks, on serum 1,25(OH)2D in hemodialysis patients with 25(OH)D deficiency. Secondary outcomes were changes in serum calcium, phosphate, 25(OH)D, parathyroid hormone (PTH), fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) and sclerostin during the treatment. Methods This was a prospective, randomized, partly double-blind (cholecalciferol vs. placebo) study. Out of 522 patients dialyzed in 5 centers in the Mazovian Province, 93 gave informed consent and met the inclusion criteria: any vitamin D metabolites and calcimimetics naïve; no history of liver or intestinal disease; serum 25(OH)D <20 ng/ml, iPTH <1,000 –>110 pg/ml, calcium <10.2, and phosphate <6.8 mg/dl. The subjects were stratified by serum iPTH, then randomized into 3 groups according to the treatment. Results To our knowledge, this is the first study comparing head-to-head these drugs in the hemodialysis population. There were no significant differences between the groups at baseline. 81 patients completed the study. Cholecalciferol normalized serum 25(OH)D, with a mean rise from 12.9 ± 6.7 to 31.3 ± 10.1 ng/ml (p < 0.0001). This was accompanied by a marked increase of 1,25(OH)2D from 13.8 ± 9.3 to 25.1 ± 14.2 pmol/l (p < 0.0001). A rise in serum 1,25(OH)2D was also observed in alfacalcidol treated patients, however much smaller (from 13.5 ± 10.1 to 18.5 ± 11.0 pmol/l; p = 0.02). Neither cholecalciferol nor alfacalcidol treatment resulted in significant changes in serum PTH and the remaining parameters. Conclusions In most patients, treatment with cholecalciferol in a 12,000 IU/week dose permits safe correction of 25(OH)D deficiency and is more effective than 1.5 μg/week dose of alfacalcidol in rising serum 1,25(OH)2D. This, together with a lack of influence on circulating iPTH the usefulness of such small alfacalcidol doses in hemodialysis patients is debatable.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paweł Kulicki
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Paweł Zebrowski
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wiesław Klatko
- Nephrology Department, Regional Specialty Hospital, Ciechanów, Poland
| | - Antoni Sokalski
- Dialysis Unit and Nephrology Department, Regional Specialty Hospital, Radom, Poland
| | - Stanisław Niemczyk
- Department of Internal Medicine Nephrology and Dialysis, Military Medical Institute of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Jolanta Małyszko
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
- *Correspondence: Jolanta Małyszko
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Chun RF, Shieh A, Gottlieb C, Yacoubian V, Wang J, Hewison M, Adams JS. Vitamin D Binding Protein and the Biological Activity of Vitamin D. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:718. [PMID: 31708871 PMCID: PMC6821678 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D has a long-established role in bone health. In the last two decades, there has been a dramatic resurgence in research interest in vitamin D due to studies that have shown its possible benefits for non-skeletal health. Underpinning the renewed interest in vitamin D was the identification of the vital role of intracrine or localized, tissue-specific, conversion of inactive pro-hormone 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] to active 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [1,25(OH)2D]. This intracrine mechanism is the likely driving force behind vitamin D action resulting in positive effects on human health. To fully capture the effect of this localized, tissue-specific conversion to 1,25(OH)2D, adequate 25(OH)D would be required. As such, low serum concentrations of 25(OH)D would compromise intracrine generation of 1,25(OH)2D within target tissues. Consistent with this is the observation that all adverse human health consequences of vitamin D deficiency are associated with a low serum 25(OH)D level and not with low 1,25(OH)2D concentrations. Thus, clinical investigators have sought to define what concentration of serum 25(OH)D constitutes adequate vitamin D status. However, since 25(OH)D is transported in serum bound primarily to vitamin D binding protein (DBP) and secondarily to albumin, is the total 25(OH)D (bound plus free) or the unbound free 25(OH)D the crucial determinant of the non-classical actions of vitamin D? While DBP-bound-25(OH)D is important for renal handling of 25(OH)D and endocrine synthesis of 1,25(OH)2D, how does DBP impact extra-renal synthesis of 1,25(OH)2D and subsequent 1,25(OH)2D actions? Are their pathophysiological contexts where total 25(OH)D and free 25(OH)D would diverge in value as a marker of vitamin D status? This review aims to introduce and discuss the concept of free 25(OH)D, the molecular biology and biochemistry of vitamin D and DBP that provides the context for free 25(OH)D, and surveys in vitro, animal, and human studies taking free 25(OH)D into consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rene F. Chun
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Rene F. Chun
| | - Albert Shieh
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Carter Gottlieb
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Vahe Yacoubian
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Jeffrey Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Martin Hewison
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - John S. Adams
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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Cunningham TK, Allgar V, Dargham SR, Kilpatrick E, Sathyapalan T, Maguiness S, Mokhtar Rudin HR, Abdul Ghani NM, Latiff A, Atkin SL. Association of Vitamin D Metabolites With Embryo Development and Fertilization in Women With and Without PCOS Undergoing Subfertility Treatment. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:13. [PMID: 30761082 PMCID: PMC6361765 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: The relationship between fertilization rates and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)2D3), 25-hydroxyvitamin D2 (25(OH)D2), 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25(OH)D3), 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (24,25(OH)2D3), and 25-hydroxy-3epi-Vitamin D3 (3epi25(OH)D3) concentrations in age and weight matched women with and without PCOS was studied. Methods: Fifty nine non-obese women, 29 with PCOS, and 30 non-PCOS undergoing IVF, matched for age and weight were included. Serum vitamin D metabolites were taken the menstrual cycle prior to commencing controlled ovarian hyperstimulation. Results: Vitamin D metabolites did not differ between PCOS and controls; however, 25(OH)D3 correlated with embryo fertilization rates in PCOS patients alone (p = 0.03). For all subjects, 3epi25(OH)D3 correlated with fertilization rate (p < 0.04) and negatively with HOMA-IR (p < 0.02); 25(OH)D2 correlated with cleavage rate, G3D3 and blastocyst (p < 0.05; p < 0.009; p < 0.002, respectively). 24,25(OH)2D3 correlated with AMH, antral follicle count, eggs retrieved and top quality embryos (G3D3) (p < 0.03; p < 0.003; p < 0.009; p < 0.002, respectively), and negatively with HOMA-IR (p < 0.01). 1,25(OH)2D3 did not correlate with any of the metabolic or embryo parameters. In slim PCOS, 25(OH)D3 correlated with increased fertilization rates in PCOS, but other vitamin D parameters did not differ to matched controls. Conclusion: 3epi25(OH)D3, 25(OH)D2, and 24,25(OH)2D3, but not 1,25(OH)2D3, were associated with embryo parameters suggesting that vitamin D metabolites other than 1,25(OH)2D3 are important in fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Keith Cunningham
- Hull IVF Unit, Women and Children's Hospital, Hull Royal Infirmary, Hull, United Kingdom
- Centre for Diabetes and Metabolic Research, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, United Kingdom
| | - Victoria Allgar
- Department of Statistics, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Thozhukat Sathyapalan
- Centre for Diabetes and Metabolic Research, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen Maguiness
- Hull IVF Unit, Women and Children's Hospital, Hull Royal Infirmary, Hull, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - Stephen L. Atkin
- Weill Cornell Medicine Qatar, Doha, Qatar
- *Correspondence: Stephen L. Atkin
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Hegde V, Arshi A, Wang C, Buser Z, Wang JC, Jensen AR, Adams JS, Zeegen EN, Bernthal NM. Preoperative Vitamin D Deficiency Is Associated With Higher Postoperative Complication Rates in Total Knee Arthroplasty. Orthopedics 2018; 41:e489-e495. [PMID: 29708568 DOI: 10.3928/01477447-20180424-04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the relative incidence of postoperative complications in 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25D)-deficient and -sufficient patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Patients who were either serum 25D deficient (25D <20 ng/mL) or 25D sufficient (25D ≥20 ng/mL) 90 days prior to primary TKA from 2007 to 2016 were identified using the Humana administrative claims registry. The incidence of postoperative medical and surgical complications was determined by querying for relevant International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision and Current Procedural Terminology codes. Risk-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) were calculated using multivariate logistic regression with age, sex, and Charlson Comorbidity Index as covariates. In total, 868 of 6593 patients who underwent TKA from 2007 to 2016 were 25D deficient, corresponding to a 13.2% prevalence rate. On adjustment for age, sex, and Charlson Comorbidity Index, 25D-deficient patients had a higher incidence of postoperative stiffness requiring manipulation under anesthesia (OR, 1.69; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.39-2.04; P<.001), surgical site infection requiring irrigation and debridement (OR, 1.76; 95% CI, 1.25-2.48; P=.001), and prosthesis explantation (OR, 2.97; 95% CI, 2.04-4.31; P<.001) at 1 year. Patients who were 25D deficient also had higher rates of postoperative deep venous thrombosis (OR, 1.80; 95% CI, 1.36-2.38; P<.001), myocardial infarction (OR, 2.11; 95% CI, 1.41-3.15; P<.001), and cerebrovascular accident (OR, 1.73; 95% CI, 1.17-2.57; P=.006). Thus, serum 25D levels below 20 ng/mL are associated with a higher incidence of postoperative complications and may be a perioperative modifiable risk factor in TKA. [Orthopedics. 2018; 41(4):e489-e495.].
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Hegde V, Dworsky EM, Stavrakis AI, Loftin AH, Zoller SD, Park HY, Richman S, Johansen D, Hu Y, Taylor JA, Hamad CD, Chun RF, Xi W, Adams JS, Bernthal NM. Single-Dose, Preoperative Vitamin-D Supplementation Decreases Infection in a Mouse Model of Periprosthetic Joint Infection. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2017; 99:1737-1744. [PMID: 29040128 PMCID: PMC6948832 DOI: 10.2106/jbjs.16.01598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite recent advances, infection remains the most common etiology of arthroplasty failure. Recent work suggests that 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25D) deficiency correlates with the frequency of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI). We endeavored to examine whether 25D3 deficiency leads to increased bacterial burden in vivo in an established mouse model of PJI and, if so, whether this effect can be reversed by preoperative 25D3 supplementation. METHODS Mice (lys-EGFP) possessing fluorescent neutrophils were fed a vitamin D3-sufficient (n = 20) or deficient (n = 40) diet for 6 weeks. A group of 25D3-deficient mice (n = 20) were "rescued" with 1 intraperitoneal dose of 25D3 at 3 days before surgery. A stainless steel implant was inserted into the knee joint and the joint space was inoculated with bioluminescent Staphylococcus aureus (1 × 10 colony forming units [CFUs]). In vivo imaging was used to monitor bacterial burden and neutrophil infiltration. Blood was drawn to confirm 25D3 levels 3 days before surgery and on postoperative days (PODs) 0 and 14. Mice were killed at POD 21, and CFUs were quantified after culture. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) and β-N-acetylglucosaminidase (NAG) were assayed to look at neutrophil infiltration and activated tissue macrophage recruitment, respectively. RESULTS Serum values confirmed 25D3 deficiency and repletion of the 25D3-rescued group. Bacterial bioluminescence and neutrophil fluorescence were significantly greater (p < 0.05) in the 25D3-deficient group. CFU counts from the joint tissue and implant were also significantly greater in this group (p < 0.05). Rescue treatment significantly decreased bacterial burden and neutrophil infiltration (p < 0.05). Compared with the 25D3-sufficient and 25D3-rescued groups, MPO activity was higher (p < 0.02) and NAG activity was lower (p < 0.03) in the 25D3-deficient group. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated in vivo in a mouse model of PJI that (1) 25D3 deficiency results in increased bacterial burden and neutrophil infiltration, and (2) this effect can be reversed with preoperative repletion of 25D3. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Considering that >65% of patients undergoing arthroplasty have insufficient or low levels of total 25D and that 25D levels can be replenished with ease using a U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved, oral 25D3 product, 25D deficiency may be an important modifiable risk factor in humans undergoing joint replacement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Hegde
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Erik M. Dworsky
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Alexandra I. Stavrakis
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Amanda H. Loftin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Stephen D. Zoller
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Howard Y. Park
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Sherif Richman
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Daniel Johansen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Yan Hu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Julie A. Taylor
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Christopher D. Hamad
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Rene F. Chun
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Weixian Xi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - John S. Adams
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Nicholas M. Bernthal
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California,E-mail address for N.M. Bernthal:
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Braithwaite VS, Jones KS, Schoenmakers I, Silver M, Prentice A, Hennig BJ. Vitamin D binding protein genotype is associated with plasma 25OHD concentration in West African children. Bone 2015; 74:166-70. [PMID: 25652210 PMCID: PMC4366041 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2014.12.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2014] [Revised: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin D is well known for its role in promoting skeletal health. Vitamin D status is determined conventionally by circulating 25-dihydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) concentration. There is evidence indicating that circulating 25OHD concentration is affected by variation in Gc, the gene encoding the vitamin D binding protein (DBP). The composite genotype of two single nucleotide polymorphisms (rs7041 and rs4588) results in different DBP isotypes (Gc1f, Gc1s and Gc2). The protein configurational differences among DBP isotypes affect DBP substrate binding affinity. The aims of this study were to determine 1) Gc variant frequencies in a population from an isolated rural region of The Gambia, West Africa (n=3129) with year-round opportunity for cutaneous vitamin D synthesis and 2) the effects of Gc variants on 25OHD concentration (n=237) in a genetically representative sub-group of children (mean (SD) age: 11.9 (4.8) years). The distribution of Gc variants was Gc1f: 0.86, Gc1s: 0.11 and Gc2: 0.03. The mean (SD) concentration of 25OHD was 59.6 (12.9) nmol/L and was significantly higher in those homozygous for Gc1f compared to other Gc variants (60.7 (13.1) vs. 56.6 (12.1) nmol/L, P=0.03). Plasma 25OHD and 1,25(OH)2D concentration was significantly associated with parathyroid hormone in Gc1f-1f but not in the other Gc variants combined. This study demonstrates that different Gc variants are associated with different 25OHD concentrations in a rural Gambian population. Gc1f-1f, thought to have the highest affinity for 25OHD, had the highest 25OHD concentration compared with lower affinity Gc variants. The considerable difference in Gc1f frequency observed in Gambians compared with other non-West African populations and associated differences in plasma 25OHD concentration, may have implications for the way in which vitamin D status should be interpreted across different ancestral groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- V S Braithwaite
- MRC Human Nutrition Research, Elsie Widdowson Laboratory, Fulbourn Road, Cambridge CB1 9NL, UK.
| | - K S Jones
- MRC Human Nutrition Research, Elsie Widdowson Laboratory, Fulbourn Road, Cambridge CB1 9NL, UK
| | - I Schoenmakers
- MRC Human Nutrition Research, Elsie Widdowson Laboratory, Fulbourn Road, Cambridge CB1 9NL, UK
| | - M Silver
- MRC International Nutrition Group at London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel St, London WC1E 7HT UK and MRC Unit, The Gambia
| | - A Prentice
- MRC Human Nutrition Research, Elsie Widdowson Laboratory, Fulbourn Road, Cambridge CB1 9NL, UK; MRC Keneba, Keneba, The Gambia
| | - B J Hennig
- MRC International Nutrition Group at London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel St, London WC1E 7HT UK and MRC Unit, The Gambia
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