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Pommy J, Smart CM, Bryant AM, Wang Y. Three potential neurovascular pathways driving the benefits of mindfulness meditation for older adults. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1207012. [PMID: 37455940 PMCID: PMC10340530 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1207012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Mindfulness meditation has been shown to be beneficial for a range of different health conditions, impacts brain function and structure relatively quickly, and has shown promise with aging samples. Functional magnetic resonance imaging metrics provide insight into neurovascular health which plays a key role in both normal and pathological aging processes. Experimental mindfulness meditation studies that included functional magnetic resonance metrics as an outcome measure may point to potential neurovascular mechanisms of action relevant for aging adults that have not yet been previously examined. We first review the resting-state magnetic resonance studies conducted in exclusively older adult age samples. Findings from older adult-only samples are then used to frame the findings of task magnetic resonance imaging studies conducted in both clinical and healthy adult samples. Based on the resting-state studies in older adults and the task magnetic resonance studies in adult samples, we propose three potential mechanisms by which mindfulness meditation may offer a neurovascular therapeutic benefit for older adults: (1) a direct neurovascular mechanism via increased resting-state cerebral blood flow; (2) an indirect anti-neuroinflammatory mechanism via increased functional connectivity within the default mode network, and (3) a top-down control mechanism that likely reflects both a direct and an indirect neurovascular pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Pommy
- Department of Neurology, Division of Neuropsychology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Colette M. Smart
- Department of Psychology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Andrew M. Bryant
- Department of Neurology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Neurology, Division of Neuropsychology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Department of Radiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
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Wu K, Wan M, Zhou H, Li C, Zhou X, Li E, Li Y, Liu C, Liu L. Mindfulness-based stress reduction combined with early cardiac rehabilitation improves negative mood states and cardiac function in patients with acute myocardial infarction assisted with an intra-aortic balloon pump: a randomized controlled trial. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1166157. [PMID: 37324635 PMCID: PMC10265675 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1166157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the clinical effects of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) intervention combined with early cardiac rehabilitation (CR) on patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) assisted with an intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP). Methods A total of 100 AMI patients with IABP assistance due to hemodynamic instability at Wuhan Asia Heart Hospital were enrolled in the study. The participants were divided into two groups using the random number table method (n = 50 each group). Patients receiving routine CR were assigned to the CR control group, while patients receiving MBSR plus CR were assigned to the MBSR intervention group. The intervention was performed twice a day until the removal of the IABP (5-7 days). Each patient's level of anxiety/depression and negative mood state were evaluated before and after intervention using the self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), self-rating depression scale (SDS), and profiles of mood state scale (POMS). The results of the control and intervention groups were compared. IABP-related complications and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), measured with echocardiography, were also assessed and compared between the two groups. Results The SAS, SDS, and POMS scores were lower in the MBSR intervention group than in the CR control group (P < 0.05). There were also less IABP-related complications in the MBSR intervention group. LVEF was significantly improved in both groups, but the degree of LVEF improvement was more significant in the MBSR intervention group than in the CR control group (P < 0.05). Conclusions MBSR combined with early CR intervention can assist in alleviating anxiety, depression, and other negative mood states, reduce IABP-related complications, and further improve cardiac function in AMI patients with IABP assistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kemei Wu
- Division of Cardiac Care Unit, Department of Cardiology, Wuhan Asia Heart Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Miaomiao Wan
- Division of Cardiac Care Unit, Department of Cardiology, Wuhan Asia Heart Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Huiqin Zhou
- Division of Cardiac Care Unit, Department of Cardiology, Wuhan Asia Heart Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Cui Li
- Division of Cardiac Care Unit, Department of Cardiology, Wuhan Asia Heart Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaomin Zhou
- Division of Cardiac Care Unit, Department of Cardiology, Wuhan Asia Heart Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - E. Li
- Division of Cardiac Care Unit, Department of Cardiology, Wuhan Asia Heart Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Cardiac Rehabilitation, Wuhan Asia Heart Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Chengwei Liu
- Division of Cardiac Care Unit, Department of Cardiology, Wuhan Asia Heart Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Liu
- Division of Cardiac Care Unit, Department of Cardiology, Wuhan Asia Heart Hospital, Wuhan, China
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Bublitz MH, Salmoirago-Blotcher E, Sanapo L, Ayala N, Mehta N, Bourjeily G. Feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effects of mindfulness training on antenatal blood pressure. J Psychosom Res 2023; 165:111146. [PMID: 36621212 PMCID: PMC10288303 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2023.111146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) are one of the greatest causes of perinatal morbidity and mortality. Mindfulness training (MT) significantly reduces blood pressure in non-pregnant adults, yet MT has not been tested to reduce blood pressure in the prenatal period. OBJECTIVES The objectives of this pilot randomized clinical trial were to test the feasibility, acceptability, and effects of MT on rates of HDP among pregnant participants at risk for HDP. Exploratory analyses examined effects of MT on antenatal blood pressure. STUDY DESIGN Participants were randomized to an 8-week phone-delivered MT intervention or usual care. Feasibility was defined by MT completion. Acceptability was defined by participants' satisfaction with the intervention. HDP outcomes were collected by medical chart review. Antenatal blood pressure values were extracted from medical records. RESULTS Twenty-nine participants were randomized to phone-based MT (N = 15) or usual care (N = 14). 73% participants completed >5 MT sessions, indicating that MT was feasible. One hundred percent of participants indicated they were "satisfied" or "very satisfied" with the intervention, suggesting the intervention was acceptable. Rates of HDP were lower in the MT vs. usual care condition (9% vs. 29%; OR: 0.25, 95% C.I.: 0.02-2.65) although this did not reach statistical significance. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels were significantly lower at follow up among those randomized to MT vs. usual care. CONCLUSIONS Results from this pilot trial suggest that prenatal MT is feasible and acceptable and may be a useful adjunctive preventative treatment for HDP among at-risk pregnant patients. CLINICALTRIALS gov identifier is NCT03679117.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret H Bublitz
- Women's Medicine Collaborative at The Miriam Hospital, Providence, RI, USA; Department of Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
| | - Elena Salmoirago-Blotcher
- Women's Medicine Collaborative at The Miriam Hospital, Providence, RI, USA; Department of Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Laura Sanapo
- Women's Medicine Collaborative at The Miriam Hospital, Providence, RI, USA; Department of Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Nina Ayala
- Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Women and Infant's Hospital of Rhode Island, Providence, RI, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Niharika Mehta
- Women's Medicine Collaborative at The Miriam Hospital, Providence, RI, USA; Department of Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Ghada Bourjeily
- Women's Medicine Collaborative at The Miriam Hospital, Providence, RI, USA; Department of Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
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Mittal TK, Evans E, Pottle A, Lambropoulos C, Morris C, Surawy C, Chuter A, Cox F, de Silva R, Mason M, Banya W, Thakrar D, Tyrer P. Mindfulness-based intervention in patients with persistent pain in chest (MIPIC) of non-cardiac cause: a feasibility randomised control study. Open Heart 2022; 9:openhrt-2022-001970. [PMID: 35545356 PMCID: PMC9096570 DOI: 10.1136/openhrt-2022-001970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The study evaluated the feasibility of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) in patients with non-cardiac chest pain by assessing their willingness to participate and adhere to the programme, and for these data to help further refine the content of MBCT for chest pain. Patients and methods This prospective 2:1 randomised controlled trial compared the intervention of adapted MBCT as an addition to usual care with just usual care in controls. Among 573 patients who attended the rapid access chest pain clinic over the previous 12 months and were not diagnosed with a cardiac cause but had persistent chest pain were invited. The intervention was a 2-hour, weekly, online guided 8-week MBCT course. Compliance with attendance and the home practice was recorded. Enrolled patients completed the Seattle angina questionnaire (SAQ), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Cardiac Anxiety Questionnaire, Five-Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire, and Euro Quality of Life–5 Dimensions–5 Level at baseline assessment and after 8-week period. Results Persistent chest pain was reported by 114 patients. Of these, 33 (29%) patients with a mean age of 54.2 (±12.2) years and 68% women, consented to the study. Baseline questionnaires revealed mild physical limitation (mean SAQ, 76.8±25), high levels of anxiety (76%) and depression (53%), modest cardiac anxiety (CAQ,1.78±0.61) and mindfulness score (FFMQ, 45.5±7.3). Six patients subsequently withdrew due to bereavement, caring responsibilities and ill health. Of the remaining 27 participants, 18 in the intervention arm attended an average of 5 sessions with 61% attending ≥6 sessions. Although not statistically powered, the study revealed a significant reduction in general anxiety, improved mindfulness and a trend towards improvement in SAQ scores in the intervention arm. Conclusion One-third of patients with persistent non-cardiac chest pain were willing to participate in mindfulness-based therapy. An improvement in anxiety and mindfulness was detected in this feasibility study. A larger trial is required to demonstrate improvement in chest pain symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarun Kumar Mittal
- Heart Division, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK .,Faculty of Medicine, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Emma Evans
- Oxford Psychological Medicine Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Alison Pottle
- Heart Division, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | | | - Christina Surawy
- Oxford Mindfulness Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Antony Chuter
- Heart Division, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Felicia Cox
- Heart Division, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Ranil de Silva
- Heart Division, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.,Faculty of Medicine, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Mark Mason
- Heart Division, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.,Faculty of Medicine, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Winston Banya
- Department of Medical Statistics, Research & Development, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, London, UK
| | | | - Peter Tyrer
- Centre of Psychiatry, Imperial College London, London, UK
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Lutz A, Chételat G, Collette F, Klimecki OM, Marchant NL, Gonneaud J. The protective effect of mindfulness and compassion meditation practices on ageing: Hypotheses, models and experimental implementation. Ageing Res Rev 2021; 72:101495. [PMID: 34718153 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2021.101495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) represents a major health and societal issue; there is no treatment to date and the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying this disease are not well understood. Yet, there is hope that AD risk factors and thus the number of AD cases can be significantly reduced by prevention measures based on lifestyle modifications as targeted by non-pharmacological preventive interventions. So far, these interventions have rarely targeted the psycho-affective risk factors related to depression, stress, anxiety, and feeling of loneliness, which are all prevalent in ageing. This paper presents the hypothesis that the regular practice of mindfulness meditation (MM) and loving-kindness and compassion meditation (LKCM) in the ageing population constitutes a lifestyle that is protective against AD. In this model, these practices can promote cognition, mental health, and well-being by strengthening attention control, metacognitive monitoring, emotion regulation and pro-social capacities. Training these capacities could reduce the risk of AD by upregulating beneficial age-related factors such as cognitive reserve, and down-regulating detrimental age-related factors, such as stress, or depression. As an illustration, we present the Medit-Ageing study (public name Silver Santé Study), an on-going European project that assesses the impact and mechanisms of non-pharmacological interventions including meditation, in the ageing population.
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