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Agaoglu NB, Ng OH, Zemheri IE, Unal B, Gerenli N, Tosun I, Yazıcı H, Ozbek U, Kamihara J, Rana HQ. Managing CDH1 Cancer Risks in a Child: Complex Decision Making in a Family With Hereditary Diffuse Gastric Cancer. Am J Med Genet A 2024:e63897. [PMID: 39392178 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.63897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 09/16/2024] [Accepted: 09/20/2024] [Indexed: 10/12/2024]
Abstract
Germline pathogenic variants (PVs) in CDH1 cause hereditary diffuse gastric cancer. The management of CDH1 cases with a positive family history includes total prophylactic gastrectomy or intensive surveillance. In this study, we report a 16-year-old boy with intramucosal gastric signet ring cells in the setting of a germline CDH1 PV and a family history of early-onset gastric cancer. The approach to managing both the proband and their 9-year-old sister, who also had the CDH1 PV, presented a challenge to both clinicians and the family. Herein, we present the complexities of managing gastric cancer risk when a CDH1 PV is identified in childhood in the setting of a family history of early-onset gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nihat Bugra Agaoglu
- Division of Cancer Genetics and Prevention, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medical Genetics, Division of Cancer Genetics, Umraniye Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
- Frankfurter Institut für Klinische Krebsforschung IKF, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ozden Hatirnaz Ng
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Acibadem University Rare Diseases and Orphan Drugs Application and Research Center, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Itir Ebru Zemheri
- Department of Pathology, Umraniye Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Busra Unal
- Department of Medical Genetics, Division of Cancer Genetics, Umraniye Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nelgin Gerenli
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Umraniye Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ilkay Tosun
- Department of Pathology, Umraniye Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hulya Yazıcı
- Oncology Institute, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Medical Genetics and Biology, Medical School, Istanbul Health and Technology University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ugur Ozbek
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center (IBG), Izmir, Turkey
| | - Junne Kamihara
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Huma Q Rana
- Division of Cancer Genetics and Prevention, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Javed A, Yarmohammadi M, Korkmaz KS, Rubio-Tomás T. The Regulation of Cyclins and Cyclin-Dependent Kinases in the Development of Gastric Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:2848. [PMID: 36769170 PMCID: PMC9917736 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer predominantly occurs in adenocarcinoma form and is characterized by uncontrolled growth and metastases of gastric epithelial cells. The growth of gastric cells is regulated by the action of several major cell cycle regulators including Cyclins and Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), which act sequentially to modulate the life cycle of a living cell. It has been reported that inadequate or over-activity of these molecules leads to disturbances in cell cycle dynamics, which consequently results in gastric cancer development. Manny studies have reported the key roles of Cyclins and CDKs in the development and progression of the disease in either in vitro cell culture studies or in vivo models. We aimed to compile the evidence of molecules acting as regulators of both Cyclins and CDKs, i.e., upstream regulators either activating or inhibiting Cyclins and CDKs. The review entails an introduction to gastric cancer, along with an overview of the involvement of cell cycle regulation and focused on the regulation of various Cyclins and CDKs in gastric cancer. It can act as an extensive resource for developing new hypotheses for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aadil Javed
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Cancer Biology Laboratory, Ege University, Izmir 35040, Turkey
| | - Mahdieh Yarmohammadi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran 33817-74895, Iran
| | - Kemal Sami Korkmaz
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Cancer Biology Laboratory, Ege University, Izmir 35040, Turkey
| | - Teresa Rubio-Tomás
- School of Medicine, University of Crete, 70013 Herakleion, Crete, Greece
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Huang J, Wang H, Xu Y, Li C, Lv X, Han X, Chen X, Chen Y, Yu Z. The Role of CTNNA1 in Malignancies: An Updated Review. J Cancer 2023; 14:219-230. [PMID: 36741258 PMCID: PMC9891874 DOI: 10.7150/jca.79236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Catenin alpha 1 (CTNNA1), encoding α-catenin, is involved in several physiological activities, such as adherens junction synthesis and signal transduction. Recent studies have suggested additional functions for CTNNA1 malignancies. This review systematically summarizes the varying functions of CTNNA1 in different tumors and briefly describes the diverse pathways and mechanisms involved in different types of tumors. CTNNA1 is abnormally expressed in leukemia and solid tumor such as cancers of digestive system, genitourinary system and breast, and it's related to the occurrence, development, and prognosis of tumors. In addition, the possible physiological processes involving CTNNA1, such as methylation, miRNA interference, or regulatory axes, similar to those of CDH1, SETD2, and hsa-miR-30d-5p/GJA1 are also summarized here. The precise mechanism of CTNNA1 in most cancers remains uncertain; hence, additional pre-clinical studies of CTNNA1 are warranted for potential early tumor diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhua Huang
- Department of Gynecology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital/the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518035, Guangdong, China.,College of Medicine, Shantou University, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Huihui Wang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei, 230023, China
| | - Yuting Xu
- Department of Gynecology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital/the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518035, Guangdong, China.,College of Medicine, Shantou University, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Chunhua Li
- Department of Gynecology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital/the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518035, Guangdong, China
| | - Xinyue Lv
- Department of Gynecology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital/the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518035, Guangdong, China
| | - Xintong Han
- Department of Gynecology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital/the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518035, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaochun Chen
- Department of Gynecology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital/the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518035, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Gynecology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital/the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518035, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiying Yu
- Department of Gynecology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital/the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518035, Guangdong, China.,✉ Corresponding author: Zhiying Yu, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, 3002 Sungang West Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China, 518035. Tel: 0755-83366388; Fax: +86 83366388-3048; E-mail:
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CDH1 Gene Mutation Hereditary Diffuse Gastric Cancer Outcomes: Analysis of a Large Cohort, Systematic Review of Endoscopic Surveillance, and Secondary Cancer Risk Postulation. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13112622. [PMID: 34073553 PMCID: PMC8199234 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13112622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Some patients carry a mutated copy of the CDH1 gene that can lead to a very rare form of hereditary gastric cancer called signet-ring cell adenocarcinoma (SRCC). SRCCs rarely form visible tumors prior to spreading. Hence, patients are recommended to have prophylactic gastrectomies at a young age. Many patients wish to avoid surgery and thus have regular checks with upper endoscopy with biopsies to rule out cancer. Further, these patients may also be at risk of other cancers beyond the already known breast cancer risks, but this is not known. In this study, we show that despite systematic biopsy protocols, many early cancers might be missed on endoscopy. Therefore, patients should not rely on endoscopy to delay surgery. These patients may also be at increased risk of colorectal SRCC, which has very poor survival outcomes. To confirm this, we need a central database that captures outcomes for this patient population. Abstract Hereditary diffuse gastric cancer (HDGC) is a rare signet-ring cell adenocarcinoma (SRCC) linked to CDH1 (E-cadherin) inactivating germline mutations, and increasingly other gene mutations. Female CDH1 mutation carriers have additional risk of lobular breast cancer. Risk management includes prophylactic total gastrectomy (PTG). The utility of endoscopic surveillance is unclear, as early disease lacks macroscopic lesions. The current systematic biopsy protocols have unknown efficacy, and other secondary cancer risks are postulated. We conducted a retrospective study of consecutive asymptomatic HDGC patients undergoing PTG, detailing endoscopic, pathologic, and outcome results. A systematic review compared endoscopic biopsy foci detection via random sampling versus Cambridge Protocol against PTG findings. A population-level secondary-cancer-risk postulation among sporadic gastric SRCC patients was completed using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. Of 97 patients, 67 underwent PTG, with 25% having foci detection on random endoscopic biopsy despite 75% having foci on final pathology. There was no improvement in the endoscopic detection rate by Cambridge Protocol. The postulated hazard ratio among sporadic gastric SRCC patients for a secondary colorectal SRCC was three-fold higher, relative to conventional adenocarcinoma patients. Overall, HDGC patients should not rely on endoscopic surveillance to delay PTG, and may have secondary SRCC risks. A definitive determination of actual risk requires collaborative patient outcome data banking.
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Piombino C, Cortesi L, Lambertini M, Punie K, Grandi G, Toss A. Secondary Prevention in Hereditary Breast and/or Ovarian Cancer Syndromes Other Than BRCA. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2020; 2020:6384190. [PMID: 32733558 PMCID: PMC7376433 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6384190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BRCA1- and BRCA2-associated hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndromes are among the best-known and most extensively studied hereditary cancer syndromes. Nevertheless, many patients who proved negative at BRCA genetic testing bring pathogenic mutations in other suppressor genes and oncogenes associated with hereditary breast and/or ovarian cancers. These genes include TP53 in Li-Fraumeni syndrome, PTEN in Cowden syndrome, mismatch repair (MMR) genes in Lynch syndrome, CDH1 in diffuse gastric cancer syndrome, STK11 in Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, and NF1 in neurofibromatosis type 1 syndrome. To these, several other genes can be added that act jointly with BRCA1 and BRCA2 in the double-strand break repair system, such as PALB2, ATM, CHEK2, NBN, BRIP1, RAD51C, and RAD51D. Management of primary and secondary cancer prevention in these hereditary cancer syndromes is crucial. In particular, secondary prevention by screening aims to discover precancerous lesions or cancers at their initial stages because early detection could allow for effective treatment and a full recovery. The present review aims to summarize the available literature and suggest proper screening strategies for hereditary breast and/or ovarian cancer syndromes other than BRCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Piombino
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital of Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Laura Cortesi
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital of Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Matteo Lambertini
- Department of Medical Oncology, U.O.C Clinica di Oncologia Medica, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (DiMI), School of Medicine, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Kevin Punie
- Department of General Medical Oncology, Multidisciplinary Breast Center, Leuven Kanker Instituut, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Giovanni Grandi
- Department of Obstetrics and Ginecology, University Hospital of Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Angela Toss
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital of Modena, Modena, Italy
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Transplant Surgery, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine Relevance, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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Assumpção P, Araújo T, Khayat A, Ishak G, Santos S, Barra W, Acioli JF, Rossi B, Assumpção P. Hereditary gastric cancer: Three rules to reduce missed diagnoses. World J Gastroenterol 2020; 26:1382-1393. [PMID: 32308342 PMCID: PMC7152522 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v26.i13.1382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer remains one of the most lethal cancers. The incidence and mortality rates are quite similar. The main reason for the high mortality is diagnosis at advanced stages of disease, when treatment options are poor. One of the supposed strategies to overcome late-stage diagnosis is identifying people at high risk with the aim of establishing rigorous clinical control, including routine endoscopy and biopsies. Hereditary gastric cancer (HGC) syndromes, though representing a sizeable group to monitor for prevention or, at least, for early diagnosis, are apparently extremely rare. The low rate of HGC diagnosis might be related to the low rates of suspicion, insufficient familiarity about clinical diagnosis criteria, and the supposed conditional necessity of a molecular diagnosis. In this review, we will discuss simple measures to increase HGC diagnosis by applying three rules that might provide an opportunity for precision care to benefit the families affected by this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Assumpção
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Taíssa Araújo
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66073-000, Brazil
| | - André Khayat
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66073-000, Brazil
| | - Geraldo Ishak
- Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66073-000, Brazil
| | - Sidney Santos
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66073-000, Brazil
| | - Williams Barra
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66073-000, Brazil
| | - João Felipe Acioli
- Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66073-000, Brazil
| | - Benedito Rossi
- Centro de Oncologia e Aconselhamento Genético, Hospital Sírio Libanês, São Paulo 01308-050, Brazil
| | - Paulo Assumpção
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66073-000, Brazil
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Katabathina VS, Menias CO, Khanna L, Murphy L, Dasyam AK, Lubner MG, Prasad SR. Hereditary Gastrointestinal Cancer Syndromes: Role of Imaging in Screening, Diagnosis, and Management. Radiographics 2019; 39:1280-1301. [DOI: 10.1148/rg.2019180185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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8
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Han C, Ni Z, Yuan T, Zhang J, Wang C, Wang X, Ning HB, Liu J, Sun N, Liu CF, Shi M, Lu WQ, Shi YQ. Influence of serum vitamin D level on Helicobacter pylori eradication: A multi-center, observational, prospective and cohort study. J Dig Dis 2019; 20:421-426. [PMID: 31145549 PMCID: PMC6851741 DOI: 10.1111/1751-2980.12793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study was designed to test whether serum vitamin D levels affected Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and eradication rates. METHODS A multicenter observational prospective cohort study was conducted. A total of 496 H. pylori- positive (H. pylori+ ) and 257 H. pylori-negative (H. pylori- ) patients were enrolled from four hospitals in China. Baseline serum vitamin D levels were measured and a 13 C-urea breath test (UBT) was performed for all the participants. The H. pylori+ patients were divided into two subgroups based on their serum vitamin D levels (<10 or ≥10 ng/mL). A second 13 C-UBT was performed between 4 and 8 weeks after 14-day bismuth-containing quadruple eradication therapies. Factors potentially affecting H. pylori eradication were determined using a questionnaire survey. RESULTS Serum vitamin D levels were significantly lower in the H. pylori+ group than in the H. pylori- group ([17.0 ± 6.9] ng/mL vs [19.2 ± 8.0] ng/mL, P = 0.000). H. pylori eradication rate significantly differed between patients with serum vitamin D levels of <10 ng/mL and ≥10 ng/mL (71.7% vs 87.3%, P = 0.005). A multivariate analysis showed that having serum vitamin D level ≥10 ng/mL was an independent risk factor for a successful H. pylori eradication (odds ratio 0.381, 95% confidence interval 0.183-0.791, P = 0.010). CONCLUSIONS Serum vitamin D level may affect H. pylori infection and its eradication. Randomized controlled trials are needed to find out whether vitamin D supplements may increase the H. pylori eradication rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Han
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive DiseasesAir Force Military Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxi ProvinceChina
- Health Management CenterRocket Army Emei SanatoriumEmeiSichuan ProvinceChina
| | - Zhen Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive DiseasesAir Force Military Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxi ProvinceChina
- Department of GastroenterologyGeneral Hospital of the Western Theater CommandChengduSichuan ProvinceChina
| | - Ting Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive DiseasesAir Force Military Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxi ProvinceChina
- Department of GastroenterologyHospital No. 150 of the People's Liberation ArmyLuoyangHenan ProvinceChina
| | - Jian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive DiseasesAir Force Military Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxi ProvinceChina
| | - Chan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shaanxi Provincial People's HospitalXi'anShaanxi ProvinceChina
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of GastroenterologyXianyang Central HospitalXianyangShaanxi ProvinceChina
| | - Han Bing Ning
- Department of GastroenterologyFirst Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenan ProvinceChina
| | - Jie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive DiseasesAir Force Military Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxi ProvinceChina
| | - Nina Sun
- Xi'an Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxi ProvinceChina
| | - Cai Fang Liu
- Xi'an Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxi ProvinceChina
| | - Miao Shi
- Xi'an Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxi ProvinceChina
| | - Wen Quan Lu
- Department of GastroenterologyFirst Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenan ProvinceChina
| | - Yong Quan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive DiseasesAir Force Military Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxi ProvinceChina
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Kumar S, Long JM, Ginsberg GG, Katona BW. The role of endoscopy in the management of hereditary diffuse gastric cancer syndrome. World J Gastroenterol 2019; 25:2878-2886. [PMID: 31249446 PMCID: PMC6589732 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v25.i23.2878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hereditary diffuse gastric cancer (HDGC) syndrome is an inherited cancer risk syndrome associated with pathogenic germline CDH1 variants. Given the high risk for developing diffuse gastric cancer, CDH1 carriers are recommended to undergo prophylactic total gastrectomy for cancer risk reduction. Current guidelines recommend upper endoscopy in CDH1 carriers prior to surgery and then annually for individuals deferring prophylactic total gastrectomy. Management of individuals from HDGC families without CDH1 pathogenic variants remains less clear, and management of families with CDH1 pathogenic variants in the absence of a family history of gastric cancer is particularly problematic at present. Despite adherence to surveillance protocols, endoscopic detection of cancer foci in HDGC is suboptimal and imperfect for facilitating decision-making. Alternative endoscopic modalities, such as chromoendoscopy, endoscopic ultrasound, and other non-white light methods have been utilized, but are of limited utility to further improve cancer detection and risk stratification in HDGC. Herein, we review what is known and what remains unclear about endoscopic surveillance for HDGC, among individuals with and without germline CDH1 pathogenic variants. Ultimately, the use of endoscopy in the management of HDGC remains a challenging arena, but one in which further research to improve surveillance is crucial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shria Kumar
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Jessica M Long
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Gregory G Ginsberg
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Bryson W Katona
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
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Skill N, Maluccio M. Contemporary paradigm for the evaluation and treatment of hereditary gastric cancer. Transl Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019; 4:14. [PMID: 30976717 DOI: 10.21037/tgh.2019.01.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is the third leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. Survival is linked to stage at diagnosis and tolerance to surgery and adjuvant therapy. The emergence of sophisticated methods to identify patients at high risk for the development of gastric cancer has given us an opportunity to eliminate a lethal disease in an identifiable patient population. Guidelines and recommendations have been established and prophylactic total gastrectomy is considered the most effective treatment. However, this requires substantial physical and emotional investment. It is imperative that patients and families are supported by genetic counseling, ongoing surveillance, and survivorship studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Skill
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Mary Maluccio
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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11
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Del Moral-Hernández O, Castañón-Sánchez CA, Reyes-Navarrete S, Martínez-Carrillo DN, Betancourt-Linares R, Jiménez-Wences H, de la Peña S, Román-Román A, Hernández-Sotelo D, Fernández-Tilapa G. Multiple infections by EBV, HCMV and Helicobacter pylori are highly frequent in patients with chronic gastritis and gastric cancer from Southwest Mexico: An observational study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e14124. [PMID: 30653141 PMCID: PMC6370051 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000014124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The chronic inflammation and damage to the gastric epithelium induced by Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) are the main risk factors for gastric cancer development. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) induce chronic inflammation and have been found in gastric tumors. The objectives this observational study were to determine the frequency of multiple infections by Helicobacter pylori, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) and to relate the infection by EBV and HCMV with H. pylori vacA/cagA genotypes in patients with chronic gastritis or gastric cancer. DNA from H. pylori, EBV and HCMV was detected by PCR in biopsies from 106 Mexican patients with chronic gastritis and 32 from gastric cancer. The cagA status and the vacA genotypes of H. pylori were determined by PCR. In chronic gastritis and gastric cancer EBV was found in 69.8% and 87.5%, HCMV in 52.8% and 53.1%, and H. pylori in 48.1% and 40.6%, respectively. In chronic gastritis, 53% of H. pylori patients were EBV and 33% were both EBV/HCMV; in gastric cancer, 92.3% of H. pylori-infected individuals were EBV and 46.1% were EVB/HCMV. All the intestinal- and mixed-type tumors and the 83.3% of diffuse-type tumors were EBV. No significant differences were found between single infections or coinfections with the diagnosis or the cancer type. The H. pylori genotypes were not related to EBV or HCMV infection. The frequency of dual infections by H. pylori, EBV and HCMV is higher in patients from southwest Mexico than other populations. It is likely that these pathogens act synergistically to induce inflammation and gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Del Moral-Hernández
- Laboratory of Virology and Epigenetics of Cancer, Faculty of Chemical-Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero
| | | | | | | | | | - Hilda Jiménez-Wences
- Laboratory of Clinical Research, Faculty of Chemical-Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Guerrero
| | - Sol de la Peña
- Postdoctoral Fellow CONACYT in Laboratory of Clinical Research, Faculty of Chemical-Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Guerrero
| | - Adolfo Román-Román
- Laboratory of Bacteriology Research, Faculty of Chemical-Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, Mexico
| | - Daniel Hernández-Sotelo
- Laboratory of Virology and Epigenetics of Cancer, Faculty of Chemical-Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero
| | - Gloria Fernández-Tilapa
- Laboratory of Clinical Research, Faculty of Chemical-Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Guerrero
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Liu WZ, Xie Y, Lu H, Cheng H, Zeng ZR, Zhou LY, Chen Y, Wang JB, Du YQ, Lu NH. Fifth Chinese National Consensus Report on the management of Helicobacter pylori infection. Helicobacter 2018; 23:e12475. [PMID: 29512258 DOI: 10.1111/hel.12475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 292] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since the 'Fourth Chinese National Consensus Report on the management of H. pylori infection' was published in 2012, three important consensuses (Kyoto global consensus report on H. pylori gastritis, The Toronto Consensus for the Treatment of H. pylori Infection in Adults and Management of H. pylori infection-the Maastricht V/Florence Consensus Report) have been published regarding the management of H. pylori infection. MATERIALS AND METHODS A Delphi method was adopted to develop the consensus of relevant 'statements'. First, the established 'statements' were sent to experts via email. Second, after undergoing two rounds of consultation, the initial statements were discussed face to face and revised in the conference item by item on 16 December 2016. Finally, 21 core members of conferees participated in the final vote of statements. Voting for each statement was performed using an electronic system with levels of agreements shown on the screen in real time. RESULTS Consensus contents contained a total of 48 "statements" and related 6 parts, including indications for H. pylori eradication, diagnosis, treatment, H. pylori and gastric cancer, H. pylori infection in special populations, H. pylori and gastrointestinal microbiota. CONCLUSIONS Recommendations are provided on the basis of the best available evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Zhong Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Hong Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Cheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi Rong Zeng
- Division of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Li Ya Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ye Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jiang Bin Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Yi Qi Du
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Nong Hua Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
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Mi EZ, Mi EZ, di Pietro M, O'Donovan M, Hardwick RH, Richardson S, Ziauddeen H, Fletcher PC, Caldas C, Tischkowitz M, Ragunath K, Fitzgerald RC. Comparative study of endoscopic surveillance in hereditary diffuse gastric cancer according to CDH1 mutation status. Gastrointest Endosc 2018; 87:408-418. [PMID: 28688938 PMCID: PMC5780354 DOI: 10.1016/j.gie.2017.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Hereditary diffuse gastric cancer (HDGC) accounts for 1% of gastric cancer cases. For patients with a germline CDH1 mutation, risk-reducing gastrectomy is recommended. However, for those delaying surgery or for families with no causative mutation identified, regular endoscopy is advised. This study aimed to determine the yield of signet ring cell carcinoma (SRCC) foci in individuals with a CDH1 pathogenic variant compared with those without and how this varies with successive endoscopies. METHODS Patients fulfilling HDGC criteria were recruited to a prospective longitudinal cohort study. Endoscopy was performed according to a strict protocol with visual inspection followed by focal lesion and random biopsy sampling to detect foci of SRCC. Survival analysis determined progression to finding of SRCC according to CDH1 mutation status. The European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30 and 36-item Short Form Health Survey questionnaires assessed quality of life before surveillance and each endoscopy. RESULTS Eighty-five individuals fulfilling HDGC criteria underwent 201 endoscopies; 54 (63.5%) tested positive for CDH1 mutation. SRCC yield was 61.1% in CDH1 mutation carriers compared with 9.7% in noncarriers, and mutation-positive patients had a 10-fold risk of SRCC on endoscopy compared with those with no mutation detected (P < .0005). Yield of SRCC decreased substantially with subsequent endoscopies. Surveillance was associated with improved psychological health. CONCLUSIONS SRCC foci are prevalent in CDH1 mutation carriers and can be detected at endoscopy using a standardized, multiple biopsy sampling protocol. Decreasing yield over time suggests that the frequency of endoscopy might be reduced. For patients with no CDH1 pathogenic variant detected, the cost-to-benefit ratio needs to be assessed in view of the low yield.
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Key Words
- aei, allelic expression imbalance
- cdh1+, cdh1 pathogenic variant
- cdh1-npvd, cdh1 no pathogenic variant detected
- dgc, diffuse gastric cancer
- eortc-qol-c30, european organization for research and treatment of cancer quality of life questionnaire core 30
- gc, gastric cancer
- hdgc, hereditary diffuse gastric cancer
- ppi, proton pump inhibitor
- qol, quality of life
- rrtg, risk-reducing total gastrectomy
- sf-36, 36-item short form health survey
- srcc, signet ring cell carcinoma
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Z Mi
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ella Z Mi
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Maria O'Donovan
- Department of Histopathology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Richard H Hardwick
- Department of Oesophago-Gastric Surgery, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Susan Richardson
- Familial Gastric Cancer Study, Department of Oncology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Paul C Fletcher
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Cambridge and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Carlos Caldas
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge and Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Marc Tischkowitz
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Cambridge and Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Krish Ragunath
- NIHR Nottingham Digestive Diseases Biomedical Research Unit, University of Nottingham and Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Rebecca C Fitzgerald
- MRC Cancer Unit, Hutchison-MRC Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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14
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Zhang H, Feng M, Feng Y, Bu Z, Li Z, Jia S, Ji J. Germline mutations in hereditary diffuse gastric cancer. Chin J Cancer Res 2018; 30:122-130. [PMID: 29545726 DOI: 10.21147/j.issn.1000-9604.2018.01.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Among which, about 1%-3% of gastric cancer patients were characterized by inherited gastric cancer predisposition syndromes, knowing as hereditary diffuse gastric cancer (HDGC). Studies reported that CDH1 germline mutations are the main cause of HDGC. With the help of rapid development of genetic testing technologies and data analysis tools, more and more researchers focus on seeking candidate susceptibility genes for hereditary cancer syndromes. In addition, National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines recommend that the patients of HDGC carrying CDH1 mutations should undergo prophylactic gastrectomy or routine endoscopic surveillances. Therefore, genetic counseling plays a key role in helping individuals with pathogenic mutations make appropriate risk management plans. Moreover, experienced and professional genetic counselors as well as a systematic multidisciplinary team (MDT) are also required to facilitate the development of genetic counseling and benefit pathogenic mutation carriers who are in need of regular and standardized risk management solutions. In this review, we provided an overview about the germline mutations of several genes identified in HDGC, suggesting that these genes may potentially act as susceptibility genes for this malignant cancer syndrome. Furthermore, we introduced information for prevention, diagnosis and risk management of HDGC. Investigations on key factors that may have effect on risk management decision-making and genetic data collection of more cancer syndrome family pedigrees are required for the development of HDGC therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- Surgery Laboratory, the Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010050, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Mengmeng Feng
- Surgery Laboratory, the Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010050, China
| | - Yi Feng
- Surgery Laboratory, the Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010050, China
| | - Zhaode Bu
- Surgery Laboratory, the Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010050, China
| | - Ziyu Li
- Surgery Laboratory, the Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010050, China
| | - Shuqin Jia
- Surgery Laboratory, the Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010050, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Jiafu Ji
- Surgery Laboratory, the Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010050, China
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15
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Katabathina VS, Menias CO, Prasad SR. Imaging and Screening of Hereditary Cancer Syndromes. Radiol Clin North Am 2017; 55:1293-1309. [PMID: 28991567 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcl.2017.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
There is a wide spectrum of mendelian disorders that predispose patients to an increased risk of benign as well as malignant tumors. Hereditary cancer syndromes are characterized by the early onset of diverse, frequently advanced malignancies in specific organ systems in multiple family members, posing significant challenges to diagnosis and management. A better understanding of the genetic abnormalities and pathophysiology that underlie these disorders has led to contemporary paradigms to screen, allowing early diagnosis, and has improved targeted therapies to aid in management. This article reviews select hereditary cancer syndromes with an emphasis on imaging-based screening and surveillance strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkata S Katabathina
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.
| | - Christine O Menias
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, 13400 East Shea Boulevard, Scottsdale, AZ 85259, USA
| | - Srinivasa R Prasad
- Department of Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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16
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Ghersin I, Katz LH. Gastric cancer in a teenager: a case report. Int J Adolesc Med Health 2017; 31:/j/ijamh.ahead-of-print/ijamh-2017-0078/ijamh-2017-0078.xml. [PMID: 28779571 DOI: 10.1515/ijamh-2017-0078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background Gastric cancer occurs mainly in older patients, with a peak incidence over 60 years of age. It is relatively rare among younger individuals. However, the frequency of gastric cancer in young patients appears to be on the rise worldwide. Case presentation We report the case of a 19-year-old female soldier who, after a considerable diagnostic delay, was diagnosed with gastric adenocarcinoma. She is one of the youngest gastric adenocarcinoma patients ever reported in Israel. Conclusion This case should serve as a reminder that gastric carcinoma is a possible diagnosis even in young patients. It also highlights the critical importance of obtaining a thorough medical history in the process of clinical decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itai Ghersin
- Medical Corps, Israeli Defence Force, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat-Gan, Israel, Fax: +972-48220787
| | - Lior H Katz
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat-Gan, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel
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17
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Zhang Z, Xin S, Gao M, Cai Y. Promoter hypermethylation of MGMT gene may contribute to the pathogenesis of gastric cancer: A PRISMA-compliant meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e6708. [PMID: 28445279 PMCID: PMC5413244 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000006708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BECKGROUND The association of MGMT (O-methyguanine deoxyribonucleic acid methyltransferase) promoter hypermethylation with gastric cancer (GC) risk has been studied extensively, but the results remained unclear. Here, we performed a meta-analysis to evaluate whether promoter hypermethylation of the MGMT gene contributed to gastric pathogenesis. METHODS Relevant studies were identified by retrieving the PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was applied to assess methodological quality of the included studies. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated to evaluate the association of MGMT promoter hypermethylation with gastric pathogenesis. Moreover, STATA 12.0 software was used to summarize the extracted data in this meta-analysis. RESULTS Seventeen studies, comprising 1736 cases and 1291 controls, were included in this meta-analysis. The frequency of MGMT promoter hypermethylation in the GC group (32.97%) was significantly higher than those in the control group (18.00%) (OR = 2.83, CI = 1.93-4.15, P < .05). When stratified by cancer subtype, the results indicated that the frequency of MGMT promoter hypermethylation was significantly higher in gastric adenocarcinoma than in control group (OR = 3.47, CI = 1.06-11.35, P < .05). In addition, MGMT promoter hypermethylation significantly promoted distant metastasis and lymph node (LN) metastasis of gastric tumor (for distant metastasis, OR = 4.22, CI = 2.42-7.37, P < .05; for LN metastasis, OR = 1.56, CI = 1.14-2.13, P < .05). A significant association between MGMT promoter hypermethylation and TNM-stage was also found in the present meta-analysis (OR = 2.70, CI = 1.79-4.08, P < .05). CONCLUSION The results of this meta-analysis suggested that MGMT gene-promoter hypermethylation was significantly associated with an increased risk of GC, especially in Asians. Furthermore, MGMT gene-promoter hypermethylation might be correlated with the distant metastasis and LN metastasis of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongxin Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Huzhou Central Hospital
| | - Shaojun Xin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Huzhou Central Hospital
| | - Min Gao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Huzhou Central Hospital
| | - Yunxiang Cai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First People's Hospital of Huzhou, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
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18
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Linear-Stapled Side-to-Side Esophagojejunostomy with Hand-Sewn Closure of the Common Enterotomy After Prophylactic and Therapeutic Total Gastrectomy. J Gastrointest Surg 2017; 21:712-722. [PMID: 27882512 PMCID: PMC5360481 DOI: 10.1007/s11605-016-3326-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
After total gastrectomy, anastomosis-related complications such as leak or stricture can be highly morbid. Between July 2005 and December 2015, a linear-stapled side-to-side esophagojejunostomy with hand-sewn closure of the common enterotomy (modified Orringer technique) was used for Roux-en-Y reconstruction after prophylactic total gastrectomy in 22 germline CDH1 mutation carriers and after therapeutic total gastrectomy in 18 patients diagnosed with gastric adenocarcinoma. All operations were performed by the same surgeon. No patient in either cohort developed a clinically evident anastomotic leak, one patient (2.5%) developed a contained radiographic leak that healed without intervention, and one patient (2.5%) developed an anastomotic stricture treated by endoscopic dilatation 7 months after operation. These rates were lower than radiographic leak and stricture rates in a comparison group of 32 patients who received a completely hand-sewn esophagojejunostomy (6.3 and 3.1%, respectively). Here, we describe how to perform the linear-stapled esophagojejunostomy anastomosis.
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19
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Figueiredo T, Guedes MTS, Souza LPSE, Rosa AAS, Accetta AC, de Luca Nascimento MA, Santiago L, Alcântara DDF. Prevalence of Family History of Cancer among Gastric Cancer Patients at Brazilian National Cancer Institute. Health (London) 2017. [DOI: 10.4236/health.2017.91003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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20
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Mulder KE, Ahmed S, Davies JD, Doll CM, Dowden S, Gill S, Gordon V, Hebbard P, Lim H, McFadden A, McGhie JP, Park J, Wong R. Report from the 17th Annual Western Canadian Gastrointestinal Cancer Consensus Conference; Edmonton, Alberta; 11-12 September 2015. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 23:425-434. [PMID: 28050139 DOI: 10.3747/co.23.3384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The 17th annual Western Canadian Gastrointestinal Cancer Consensus Conference (wcgccc) was held in Edmonton, Alberta, 11-12 September 2015. The wcgccc is an interactive multidisciplinary conference attended by health care professionals from across Western Canada (British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan, and Manitoba) who are involved in the care of patients with gastrointestinal cancer. Surgical, medical, and radiation oncologists; pathologists; radiologists; and allied health care professionals participated in presentation and discussion sessions for the purposes of developing the recommendations presented here. This consensus statement addresses current issues in the management of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- K E Mulder
- Alberta: Medical Oncology (Mulder), Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton; Radiation Oncology (Doll) and Medical Oncology (Dowden), Tom Baker Cancer Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary
| | - S Ahmed
- Saskatchewan: Medical Oncology (Ahmed), Saskatchewan Cancer Agency, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon
| | - J D Davies
- British Columbia: Medical Oncology (Davies, Gill, Lim, McGhie) and Surgical Oncology (McFadden), BC Cancer Agency, University of British Columbia, Vancouver
| | - C M Doll
- Alberta: Medical Oncology (Mulder), Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton; Radiation Oncology (Doll) and Medical Oncology (Dowden), Tom Baker Cancer Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary
| | - S Dowden
- Alberta: Medical Oncology (Mulder), Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton; Radiation Oncology (Doll) and Medical Oncology (Dowden), Tom Baker Cancer Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary
| | - S Gill
- British Columbia: Medical Oncology (Davies, Gill, Lim, McGhie) and Surgical Oncology (McFadden), BC Cancer Agency, University of British Columbia, Vancouver
| | - V Gordon
- Manitoba: Medical Oncology (Gordon, Wong), Cancer Care Manitoba, and Surgery (Hebbard, Park), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg
| | - P Hebbard
- Manitoba: Medical Oncology (Gordon, Wong), Cancer Care Manitoba, and Surgery (Hebbard, Park), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg
| | - H Lim
- British Columbia: Medical Oncology (Davies, Gill, Lim, McGhie) and Surgical Oncology (McFadden), BC Cancer Agency, University of British Columbia, Vancouver
| | - A McFadden
- British Columbia: Medical Oncology (Davies, Gill, Lim, McGhie) and Surgical Oncology (McFadden), BC Cancer Agency, University of British Columbia, Vancouver
| | - J P McGhie
- British Columbia: Medical Oncology (Davies, Gill, Lim, McGhie) and Surgical Oncology (McFadden), BC Cancer Agency, University of British Columbia, Vancouver
| | - J Park
- Manitoba: Medical Oncology (Gordon, Wong), Cancer Care Manitoba, and Surgery (Hebbard, Park), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg
| | - R Wong
- Manitoba: Medical Oncology (Gordon, Wong), Cancer Care Manitoba, and Surgery (Hebbard, Park), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg
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21
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Prophylactic Total Gastrectomy for Hereditary Diffuse Gastric Cancer. ACG Case Rep J 2016; 3:e179. [PMID: 28008412 PMCID: PMC5171935 DOI: 10.14309/crj.2016.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Germline mutations in the CDH1 gene that produces E-cadherin have been implicated in the development of early-onset diffuse gastric cancer, termed hereditary diffuse gastric cancer. The mean age of gastric cancer diagnosis in affected individuals is 37 years. By age 80, CDH1 mutation carriers who fulfill the clinical criteria for hereditary diffuse gastric cancer have an estimated lifetime risk of gastric cancer development of 67% for men and 83% for women. Data suggest that endoscopic surveillance for mutation carriers is largely ineffective. Prophylactic total gastrectomy between the ages of 18 and 40 years is recommended in carriers of germline-truncating E-cadherin mutations.
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22
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Suárez-Arriaga MC, Ribas-Aparicio RM, Ruiz-Tachiquín ME. MicroRNAs in hereditary diffuse gastric cancer. Biomed Rep 2016; 5:151-154. [PMID: 27446532 DOI: 10.3892/br.2016.706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In 2012, gastric cancer (GC) was the third cause of mortality due to cancer in men and women. In Central and South America, high mortality rates have been reported. A total of 95% of tumors developed in the stomach are of epithelial origin; thus, these are denominated adenocarcinomas of the stomach. Diverse classification systems have been established, among which two types of GC based on histological type and growth pattern have been described as follows: Intestinal (IGC) and diffuse (DGC). Approximately 1-3% of GC cases are associated with heredity. Hereditary-DGC (HDGC), with 80% penetrance, is an autosomal-type, dominant syndrome in which 40% of cases are carriers of diverse mutations of the CDH1 gene, which encodes for the cadherin protein. By contrast, microRNA are non-encoded, single-chain RNA molecules. These molecules regulate the majority of cellular functions at the post-transcriptional level. However, analysis of these interactions by means of Systems Biology has allowed the understanding of complex and heterogeneous diseases, such as cancer. These molecules are ubiquitous; however, their expression can be specific in different tissues either temporarily or permanently, depending on the stage of the cell. Due to the participation of microRNA in the processes of cellular proliferation, cell cycle control, apoptosis, differentiation and metabolism, these have been indicated to have a role in the development of cancerous processes, finding specific patterns of expression in different neoplasms, including GC, in which the microRNA expression profile is different in samples of non-cancerous versus cancerous tissues. A difference has been observed in the expression patterns of DGC and IGC. However, the role of microRNA in HDGC has not yet been established. The present study reviews the investigations that describe the participation of microRNA in the regulation of genes CDH1, RHOA, CTNNA1, INSR and TGF-β in different neoplasms, such as HDGC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayra-Cecilia Suárez-Arriaga
- Medical Research Unit in Human Genetics, Hospital of Pediatrics, National Medical Center XXI Century, Mexican Social Security Institute, Mexico City 06720, Mexico; Department of Microbiology, National School of Biological Sciences, National Polytechnic Institute, Mexico City 11340, Mexico
| | - Rosa-María Ribas-Aparicio
- Department of Microbiology, National School of Biological Sciences, National Polytechnic Institute, Mexico City 11340, Mexico
| | - Martha-Eugenia Ruiz-Tachiquín
- Medical Research Unit in Human Genetics, Hospital of Pediatrics, National Medical Center XXI Century, Mexican Social Security Institute, Mexico City 06720, Mexico
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