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Kim SP, Jeong I, Kang N, Kim M, Kim OK. Black Ginger Extract Suppresses Fat Accumulation by Regulating Lipid Metabolism in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice. J Med Food 2024. [PMID: 39023772 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2024.k.0043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the antiobesity effects of black ginger extract (BGE) in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice. Mice were divided into six groups: normal diet control (NC, AIN-93G normal diet), 60% HFD control (HFD), HFD containing metformin at 250 mg/kg b.w. (Met, positive control), and HFD containing BGE at 5, 10, or 20 mg/kg b.w. for 15 weeks. BGE administration significantly prevented HFD-induced increases in weight gain, organ weight, and adipose tissue mass. Furthermore, it resulted in decreased adipogenesis and lipogenesis-related factors, including phosphorylated mitogen-activated protein kinase, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, CCAAT/enhancer-binding proteins, sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1, phosphorylated cAMP response element-binding protein, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, fatty acid synthase, dephosphorylated ATP-citrate lyase, dephosphorylated acetyl-CoA carboxylase, and lipoprotein lipase, in white adipose tissues. Moreover, BGE administration enhanced lipolysis in white adipose tissue, as evidenced by elevated levels of adipose triglyceride lipase, phosphorylated hormone-sensitive lipase, and protein kinase A, along with reduced levels of perilipin and phosphodiesterase 3B. BGE induced thermogenesis in brown adipose tissues, as reflected by the increased expression of AMP-activated protein kinase, uncoupling protein 1, and carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 and decreased levels of fatty acid-binding protein 4. In conclusion, this study provides comprehensive evidence supporting the antiobesity effects of BGE, elucidating the underlying molecular mechanisms involved in preventing weight gain, suppressing adipogenesis, promoting lipolysis, and stimulating thermogenesis. These findings suggest the potential therapeutic utility of BGE in combating obesity and associated metabolic disorders (KHGASP-2023-034).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Pyo Kim
- Department of Medical Nutrition, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Inae Jeong
- Division of Food and Nutrition, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Namgil Kang
- R&D Division, Nutrione Co., Ltd., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Minkyung Kim
- R&D Division, Nutrione Co., Ltd., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ok-Kyung Kim
- Division of Food and Nutrition, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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Dickerson B, Maury J, Jenkins V, Nottingham K, Xing D, Gonzalez DE, Leonard M, Kendra J, Ko J, Yoo C, Johnson S, Pradelles R, Purpura M, Jäger R, Sowinski R, Rasmussen CJ, Kreider RB. Effects of Supplementation with Microalgae Extract from Phaeodactylum tricornutum (Mi136) to Support Benefits from a Weight Management Intervention in Overweight Women. Nutrients 2024; 16:990. [PMID: 38613023 PMCID: PMC11013338 DOI: 10.3390/nu16070990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microalgae like Phaeodactylum tricornutum (PT) contain the carotenoid, fucoxanthin, which has been purported to promote fat loss, lower blood lipids, and improve glucose management. This study examined whether dietary supplementation with microalgae extracts from PT containing 4.4 mg/d of fucoxanthin affects changes in body composition or health markers in overweight women during an exercise and diet intervention. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 37 females (28.6 ± 7.9 years, 80.2 ± 14.9 kg, 29.6 ± 3.8 kg/m², 41.4 ± 4.2% fat) fasted for 12 h, donated a fasting blood sample, completed health and mood state inventories, and undertook body composition, health, and exercise assessments. In a counterbalanced, randomized, and double-blind manner, participants ingested a placebo (PL), or microalgae extract of Phaeodactylum tricornutum standardized to 4.4 mg of fucoxanthin (FX) for 12 weeks while participating in a supervised exercise program that included resistance-training and walking (3 days/week) with encouragement to accumulate 10,000 steps/day on remaining days of the week. The diet intervention involved reducing energy intake by about -300 kcal/d (i.e., ≈1400-1600 kcals/d, 55% carbohydrate, 30% fat, 15% protein) to promote a -500 kcal/d energy deficit with exercise. Follow-up testing was performed at 6 and 12 weeks. A general linear model (GLM) with repeated measures statistical analysis was used to analyze group responses and changes from baseline with 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS Dietary supplementation with microalgae extract from PT containing fucoxanthin for 12 weeks did not promote additional weight loss or fat loss in overweight but otherwise healthy females initiating an exercise and diet intervention designed to promote modest weight loss. However, fucoxanthin supplementation preserved bone mass, increased bone density, and saw greater improvements in walking steps/day, resting heart rate, aerobic capacity, blood lipid profiles, adherence to diet goals, functional activity tolerance, and measures of quality of life. Consequently, there appears to be some benefit to supplementing microalgae extract from PT containing fucoxanthin during a diet and exercise program. Registered clinical trial #NCT04761406.
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Affiliation(s)
- Broderick Dickerson
- Exercise & Sport Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Sports Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (B.D.); (V.J.); (K.N.); (D.X.); (D.E.G.); (M.L.); (J.K.); (J.K.); (C.Y.); (S.J.); (R.S.); (C.J.R.)
| | - Jonathan Maury
- Research & Development Department, Microphyt, 34670 Baillargues, France; (J.M.); (R.P.)
| | - Victoria Jenkins
- Exercise & Sport Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Sports Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (B.D.); (V.J.); (K.N.); (D.X.); (D.E.G.); (M.L.); (J.K.); (J.K.); (C.Y.); (S.J.); (R.S.); (C.J.R.)
| | - Kay Nottingham
- Exercise & Sport Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Sports Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (B.D.); (V.J.); (K.N.); (D.X.); (D.E.G.); (M.L.); (J.K.); (J.K.); (C.Y.); (S.J.); (R.S.); (C.J.R.)
| | - Dante Xing
- Exercise & Sport Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Sports Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (B.D.); (V.J.); (K.N.); (D.X.); (D.E.G.); (M.L.); (J.K.); (J.K.); (C.Y.); (S.J.); (R.S.); (C.J.R.)
| | - Drew E. Gonzalez
- Exercise & Sport Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Sports Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (B.D.); (V.J.); (K.N.); (D.X.); (D.E.G.); (M.L.); (J.K.); (J.K.); (C.Y.); (S.J.); (R.S.); (C.J.R.)
| | - Megan Leonard
- Exercise & Sport Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Sports Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (B.D.); (V.J.); (K.N.); (D.X.); (D.E.G.); (M.L.); (J.K.); (J.K.); (C.Y.); (S.J.); (R.S.); (C.J.R.)
| | - Jacob Kendra
- Exercise & Sport Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Sports Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (B.D.); (V.J.); (K.N.); (D.X.); (D.E.G.); (M.L.); (J.K.); (J.K.); (C.Y.); (S.J.); (R.S.); (C.J.R.)
| | - Joungbo Ko
- Exercise & Sport Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Sports Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (B.D.); (V.J.); (K.N.); (D.X.); (D.E.G.); (M.L.); (J.K.); (J.K.); (C.Y.); (S.J.); (R.S.); (C.J.R.)
| | - Choongsung Yoo
- Exercise & Sport Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Sports Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (B.D.); (V.J.); (K.N.); (D.X.); (D.E.G.); (M.L.); (J.K.); (J.K.); (C.Y.); (S.J.); (R.S.); (C.J.R.)
| | - Sarah Johnson
- Exercise & Sport Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Sports Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (B.D.); (V.J.); (K.N.); (D.X.); (D.E.G.); (M.L.); (J.K.); (J.K.); (C.Y.); (S.J.); (R.S.); (C.J.R.)
| | - Rémi Pradelles
- Research & Development Department, Microphyt, 34670 Baillargues, France; (J.M.); (R.P.)
| | - Martin Purpura
- Increnovo LLC, Whitefish Bay, WI 53217, USA; (M.P.); (R.J.)
| | - Ralf Jäger
- Increnovo LLC, Whitefish Bay, WI 53217, USA; (M.P.); (R.J.)
| | - Ryan Sowinski
- Exercise & Sport Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Sports Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (B.D.); (V.J.); (K.N.); (D.X.); (D.E.G.); (M.L.); (J.K.); (J.K.); (C.Y.); (S.J.); (R.S.); (C.J.R.)
| | - Christopher J. Rasmussen
- Exercise & Sport Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Sports Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (B.D.); (V.J.); (K.N.); (D.X.); (D.E.G.); (M.L.); (J.K.); (J.K.); (C.Y.); (S.J.); (R.S.); (C.J.R.)
| | - Richard B. Kreider
- Exercise & Sport Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Sports Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (B.D.); (V.J.); (K.N.); (D.X.); (D.E.G.); (M.L.); (J.K.); (J.K.); (C.Y.); (S.J.); (R.S.); (C.J.R.)
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Mondal A, Banerjee S, Terang W, Bishayee A, Zhang J, Ren L, da Silva MN, Bishayee A. Capsaicin: A chili pepper bioactive phytocompound with a potential role in suppressing cancer development and progression. Phytother Res 2024; 38:1191-1223. [PMID: 38176910 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Cancer profoundly influences morbidity and fatality rates worldwide. Patients often have dismal prognoses despite recent improvements in cancer therapy regimens. However, potent biomolecules derived from natural sources, including medicinal and dietary plants, contain biological and pharmacological properties to prevent and treat various human malignancies. Capsaicin is a bioactive phytocompound present in red hot chili peppers. Capsaicin has demonstrated many biological effects, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and anticarcinogenic capabilities. This review highlights the cellular and molecular pathways through which capsaicin exhibits antineoplastic activities. Our work also depicts the synergistic anticancer properties of capsaicin in conjunction with other natural bioactive components and approved anticancer drugs. Capsaicin inhibits proliferation in various cancerous cells, and its antineoplastic actions in numerous in vitro and in vivo carcinoma models impact oncogenesis, tumor-promoting and suppressor genes, and associated signaling pathways. Capsaicin alone or combined with other phytocompounds or approved antineoplastic drugs triggers cell cycle progression arrest, generating reactive oxygen species and disrupting mitochondrial membrane integrity, ultimately stimulating caspases and promoting death. Furthermore, capsaicin alone or in combination can promote apoptosis in carcinoma cells by enhancing the p53 and c-Myc gene expressions. In conclusion, capsaicin alone or in combination can have enormous potential for cancer prevention and intervention, but further high-quality studies are needed to firmly establish the clinical efficacy of this phytocompound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arijit Mondal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, M.R. College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Balisha, India
| | - Sabyasachi Banerjee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Gupta College of Technological Sciences, Asansol, India
| | - Wearank Terang
- Department of Pharmacology, Rahman Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Kamrup, India
| | - Anusha Bishayee
- Department of Statistics and Data Science, College of Arts and Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Jie Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Li Ren
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Milton Nascimento da Silva
- Laboratory of Liquid Chromatography, Institute of Exact and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
- Chemistry Post-Graduation Program, Institute of Exact and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
- Pharmaceutical Science Post-Graduation Program, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, Florida, USA
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Shaik Mohamed Sayed UF, Moshawih S, Goh HP, Kifli N, Gupta G, Singh SK, Chellappan DK, Dua K, Hermansyah A, Ser HL, Ming LC, Goh BH. Natural products as novel anti-obesity agents: insights into mechanisms of action and potential for therapeutic management. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1182937. [PMID: 37408757 PMCID: PMC10318930 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1182937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity affects more than 10% of the adult population globally. Despite the introduction of diverse medications aimed at combating fat accumulation and obesity, a significant number of these pharmaceutical interventions are linked to substantial occurrences of severe adverse events, occasionally leading to their withdrawal from the market. Natural products serve as attractive sources for anti-obesity agents as many of them can alter the host metabolic processes and maintain glucose homeostasis via metabolic and thermogenic stimulation, appetite regulation, pancreatic lipase and amylase inhibition, insulin sensitivity enhancing, adipogenesis inhibition and adipocyte apoptosis induction. In this review, we shed light on the biological processes that control energy balance and thermogenesis as well as metabolic pathways in white adipose tissue browning, we also highlight the anti-obesity potential of natural products with their mechanism of action. Based on previous findings, the crucial proteins and molecular pathways involved in adipose tissue browning and lipolysis induction are uncoupling protein-1, PR domain containing 16, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ in addition to Sirtuin-1 and AMP-activated protein kinase pathway. Given that some phytochemicals can also lower proinflammatory substances like TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1 secreted from adipose tissue and change the production of adipokines like leptin and adiponectin, which are important regulators of body weight, natural products represent a treasure trove for anti-obesity agents. In conclusion, conducting comprehensive research on natural products holds the potential to accelerate the development of an improved obesity management strategy characterized by heightened efficacy and reduced incidence of side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Said Moshawih
- PAPRSB Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong, Brunei
| | - Hui Poh Goh
- PAPRSB Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong, Brunei
| | - Nurolaini Kifli
- PAPRSB Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong, Brunei
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jaipur, India
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar Chellappan
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kamal Dua
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
- Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
| | - Andi Hermansyah
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas AirlanggaSurabaya, Indonesia
| | - Hooi Leng Ser
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Sunway, Malaysia
| | - Long Chiau Ming
- PAPRSB Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong, Brunei
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas AirlanggaSurabaya, Indonesia
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Sunway, Malaysia
| | - Bey Hing Goh
- Biofunctional Molecule Exploratory Research Group, School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Huang Q, Xin X, Sun Q, An Z, Gou X, Feng Q. Plant-derived bioactive compounds regulate the NLRP3 inflammasome to treat NAFLD. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:896899. [PMID: 36016562 PMCID: PMC9396216 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.896899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a liver disorder characterized by abnormal accumulation of hepatic fat and inflammatory response with complex pathogenesis. Over activation of the pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome triggers the secretion of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18, induces pyroptosis, and promotes the release of a large number of pro-inflammatory proteins. All of which contribute to the development of NAFLD. There is a great deal of evidence indicating that plant-derived active ingredients are effective and safe for NAFLD management. This review aims to summarize the research progress of 31 active plant-derived components (terpenoids, flavonoids, alkaloids, and phenols) that alleviate lipid deposition, inflammation, and pyroptosis by acting on the NLRP3 inflammasome studied in both in vitro and in vivo NAFLD models. These studies confirmed that the NLRP3 inflammasome and its related genes play a key role in NAFLD amelioration, providing a starting point for further study on the correlation of plant-derived compounds treatment with the NLRP3 inflammasome and NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Huang
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Xin
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - QinMei Sun
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ziming An
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojun Gou
- Central Laboratory, Baoshan District Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Qin Feng
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Qin Feng,
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Husain I, Bala K, Khan IA, Khan SI. A review on phytochemicals, pharmacological activities, drug interactions, and associated toxicities of licorice (
Glycyrrhiza
sp.). FOOD FRONTIERS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/fft2.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Islam Husain
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA
| | - Kiran Bala
- Department of P.G. Studies and Research in Biological Science Rani Durgavati University Jabalpur India
| | - Ikhlas A. Khan
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA
| | - Shabana I. Khan
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA
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Shan Z, Zhao Y, Qiu Z, Angxiu S, Gu Y, Luo J, Bi H, Luo W, Xiong R, Ma S, He Z, Chen L. Conjugated linoleic acid prompts bone formation in ovariectomized osteoporotic rats and weakens osteoclast formation after treatment with ultraviolet B. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:503. [PMID: 33850900 PMCID: PMC8039685 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Background Ultraviolet B (UVB) has been reported to prevent bone loss by promoting the synthesis of vitamin D. However, UVB can also enhance osteoclastic differentiation, inhibit osteogenic differentiation, and cause oxidative damage. The present study aimed to analyze the osteoprotective effects of UVB and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) in rats with ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis, and to determine the interactions between UVB and CLA and their effects on bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMCs). Methods In vitro, the distance of UVB irradiation and the dose of CLA were selected by immunofluorescence assays and Cytotoxicity assay. BMSCs and BMMCs were detected by immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence assays. In vivo, three-month-old female Sprague-Dawley rats that had undergone ovariectomy were treated with UVB and CLA. After 8 weeks of therapy, the femurs of the rats were examined by micro-computed tomography (CT) and immunohistochemical detection to assess the therapeutic efficacy. Results The least inhibitive UVB distance and dosage of CLA were selected for the in vivo experiments. CLA effectively weakened the osteogenic inhibitory effect of UVB (72 cm), significantly improved the activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), promoted the formation of mineralized nodules, and alleviated the oxidative damage induced by UVB. CLA also effectively weakened the osteoclast-promoting effect of UVB (72 cm), inhibited osteoclast formation, and inhibited the inflammatory damage to BMMCs caused by UVB (72 cm) irradiation. Micro-CT results showed that UVB irradiation could promote bone formation in ovariectomized Sprague-Dawley rats, while CLA could significantly promote bone regeneration. Immunofluorescence assays results showed that CLA alleviated UVB-induced oxidative damage to osteoblasts. The ROS detection results demonstrated that CLA effectively alleviated UVB-induced oxidative damage to BMSCs. Furthermore, Immunohistochemical assays showed that UVB and CLA treatment increased bone density, inhibited osteolytic osteolysis, and enhanced osteogenic activity. Conclusions CLA can effectively weaken osteoclast promotion, osteogenic inhibition, and oxidative damage caused by UVB. Combination treatment of UVB and CLA exerts an osteoprotective effect on ovariectomized osteoporotic rats and stimulates osteogenesis. The molecular mechanism of this interaction requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongshu Shan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the 1st Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, People's Hospital of Qinghai Province, Xining, China
| | - Yanyan Zhao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, People's Hospital of Qinghai Province, Xining, China
| | - Zhixue Qiu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, People's Hospital of Qinghai Province, Xining, China
| | - Suonan Angxiu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, People's Hospital of Qinghai Province, Xining, China
| | - Yong Gu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the 1st Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Junming Luo
- Department of Pathology, People's Hospital of Qinghai Province, Xining, China
| | - Hongtao Bi
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Xining, China
| | - Wei Luo
- Department of Endocrinology, People's Hospital of Qinghai Province, Xining, China
| | - Rui Xiong
- Nutrition Department, People's Hospital of Qinghai Province, Xining, China
| | - Siqing Ma
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, People's Hospital of Qinghai Province, Xining, China
| | - Zhao He
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, People's Hospital of Qinghai Province, Xining, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the 1st Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Liu S, Chang X, Yu J, Xu W. Cerasus humilis Cherry Polyphenol Reduces High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity in C57BL/6 Mice by Mitigating Fat Deposition, Inflammation, and Oxidation. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:4424-4436. [PMID: 32227855 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c01617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the anti-obesity effects and mechanisms of Cerasus humilis polyphenol (CHP) in C57BL/6 obese mice and 3T3-L1 cells. High-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry was used for the qualitative and quantitative identification of CHP components. The obese mice, induced by feeding high-fat diet (HFD), were treated with CHP (250 mg/kg/day) by gavage for 12 weeks. Orlistat was gavaged at 15.6 mg/kg bw/day, as a positive control group. The analysis revealed that the main components of CHP were procyanidin B2, cyanidin-3-glucoside, and pelargonidin-3-glucoside. CHP dietary supplementation significantly reduced body weight and improved blood lipid measurements in HFD-fed mice (p < 0.01). Moreover, it inhibited mRNA expression of miR-122, Srebp-1c, and Cpt1a (p < 0.01) and reduced hepatic lipid deposition, as seen by hematoxylin and eosin staining. CHP downregulated the protein expression of PPARγ and C/EBPα in HFD-induced obese mice and inhibited adipocyte differentiation (p < 0.01). Compared with the HFD group, CHP supplementation had an obvious anti-inflammatory effect (decreased protein expression, such as TNF-α, IL-6, and MCP1), reducing leptin levels and TNF-α secretion in serum and cells (p < 0.01). CHP significantly inhibited the expression of miR-27a/b (53.3 and 29.9%, p < 0.01) in mice retroperitoneal white adipocytes, enhancing the expression of the target gene Prdm16 and significantly upregulating Sirt1 (105.5%, p < 0.01) compared with the HFD group. Moreover, CHP supplementation effectively improved oxidative stress (ROS, T-AOC, SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px) induced by HFD in obese mice (p < 0.01). Thus, CHP mitigates adipocyte differentiation, browning of white adipocytes, and reduction of inflammation and antioxidant activity to reduce obesity. Consequently, these results provide novel insights into the anti-obesity roles of CHP in HFD-induced obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suwen Liu
- College of Food Science & Technology, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066004, China
| | - Xuedong Chang
- College of Food Science & Technology, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066004, China
- Hebei Yanshan Special Industrial Technology Research Institute, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066004, China
| | - Jincheng Yu
- College of Food Science & Technology, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066004, China
| | - Weifeng Xu
- College of Food Science & Technology, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066004, China
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Fanaee-Danesh E, Gali CC, Tadic J, Zandl-Lang M, Carmen Kober A, Agujetas VR, de Dios C, Tam-Amersdorfer C, Stracke A, Albrecher NM, Manavalan APC, Reiter M, Sun Y, Colell A, Madeo F, Malle E, Panzenboeck U. Astaxanthin exerts protective effects similar to bexarotene in Alzheimer's disease by modulating amyloid-beta and cholesterol homeostasis in blood-brain barrier endothelial cells. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2019; 1865:2224-2245. [PMID: 31055081 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2019.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 04/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by overproduction, impaired clearance, and deposition of amyloid-β peptides (Aβ) and connected to cholesterol homeostasis. Since the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is involved in these processes, we investigated effects of the retinoid X receptor agonist, bexarotene (Bex), and the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α agonist and antioxidant, astaxanthin (Asx), on pathways of cellular cholesterol metabolism, amyloid precursor protein processing/Aβ production and transfer at the BBB in vitro using primary porcine brain capillary endothelial cells (pBCEC), and in 3xTg AD mice. Asx/Bex downregulated transcription/activity of amyloidogenic BACE1 and reduced Aβ oligomers and ~80 kDa intracellular 6E10-reactive APP/Aβ species, while upregulating non-amyloidogenic ADAM10 and soluble (s)APPα production in pBCEC. Asx/Bex enhanced Aβ clearance to the apical/plasma compartment of the in vitro BBB model. Asx/Bex increased expression levels of ABCA1, LRP1, and/or APOA-I. Asx/Bex promoted cholesterol efflux, partly via PPARα/RXR activation, while cholesterol biosynthesis/esterification was suppressed. Silencing of LRP-1 or inhibition of ABCA1 by probucol reversed Asx/Bex-mediated effects on levels of APP/Aβ species in pBCEC. Murine (m)BCEC isolated from 3xTg AD mice treated with Bex revealed elevated expression of APOE and ABCA1. Asx/Bex reduced BACE1 and increased LRP-1 expression in mBCEC from 3xTg AD mice when compared to vehicle-treated or non-Tg treated mice. In parallel, Asx/Bex reduced levels of Aβ oligomers in mBCEC and Aβ species in brain soluble and insoluble fractions of 3xTg AD mice. Our results suggest that both agonists exert beneficial effects at the BBB by balancing cholesterol homeostasis and enhancing clearance of Aβ from cerebrovascular endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Fanaee-Danesh
- Division of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Chaitanya Chakravarthi Gali
- Division of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Jelena Tadic
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Martina Zandl-Lang
- Division of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Alexandra Carmen Kober
- Division of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Vicente Roca Agujetas
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), IDIBAPS, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina de Dios
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), IDIBAPS, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Spain; Department of Biomedicine, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carmen Tam-Amersdorfer
- Division of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Anika Stracke
- Division of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Nicole Maria Albrecher
- Division of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Marielies Reiter
- Division of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Yidan Sun
- Division of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Anna Colell
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), IDIBAPS, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Frank Madeo
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria; BioTechMed Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Ernst Malle
- Division of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Ute Panzenboeck
- Division of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
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Fan XX, Pan HD, Li Y, Guo RJ, Leung ELH, Liu L. Novel therapeutic strategy for cancer and autoimmune conditions: Modulating cell metabolism and redox capacity. Pharmacol Ther 2018; 191:148-161. [PMID: 29953901 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2018.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Dysregulation of cell metabolism and redox balance is implicated in the pathogenesis and progression of cancer and autoimmune diseases. Because the cell proliferation and apoptotic regulatory pathways are interconnected with metabolic and redox signalling pathways, the current mono-target treatment is ineffective, and multi-drug resistance remains common. Complex diseases are often implicated in a network-based context of pathology; therefore, a new holistic intervention approach is required to block multi-crosstalk in such complicated circumstances. The use of therapeutic agents isolated from herbs to holistically modulate metabolism and redox state has been shown to relieve carcinoma growth and the inflammatory response in autoimmune disorders. Multiple clinically applied or novel herbal chemicals with metabolic and redox modulatory capacity as well as low toxicity have recently been identified. Moreover, new metabolic targets and mechanisms of drug action have been discovered, leading to the exploration of new pathways for drug repositioning, clinical biomarker spectra, clinical treatment strategies and drug development. Taken together with multiple supporting examples, the modulation of cell metabolism and the redox capacity using herbal chemicals is emerging as a new, alternative strategy for the holistic treatment of cancer and autoimmune disorders. In the future, the development of new diagnostic tools based on the detection of metabolic and redox biomarkers, reformulation of optimized herbal compositions using artificial intelligence, and the combination of herbs with mono-targeting drugs will reveal new potential for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Xing Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute For Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, SAR, China
| | - Hu-Dan Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute For Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, SAR, China
| | - Ying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute For Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, SAR, China
| | - Rui-Jin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute For Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, SAR, China
| | - Elaine Lai-Han Leung
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute For Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, SAR, China; Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Hubei, China; Department of Thoracic Surgery, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Liang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute For Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, SAR, China.
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11
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Sahin N, Orhan C, Tuzcu M, Juturu V, Sahin K. Capsaicinoids improve egg production by regulating ovary nuclear transcription factors against heat stress in quail. Br Poult Sci 2016; 58:177-183. [PMID: 27869499 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2016.1262001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
1. To examine the molecular mechanism of capsaicinoid supplementation from capsicum extract, laying Japanese quail (n = 180, 5 weeks old) were reared either at 22°C for 24 h/d (thermoneutral, TN) or at 34°C for 8 h/d (heat stress, HS) and fed on one of three diets containing 0, 25 or 50 mg of capsaicinoids per kilogram for 12 weeks (2 × 3 factorial arrangement). 2. The results revealed that exposure to HS decreased feed consumption by 10.7% and egg production by 13.6%, increased serum and ovary malondialdehyde (MDA) levels by 66.9% and 88.1%, respectively, and reduced ovary superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities by 28.3%, 48.7% and 43.8%, respectively. 3. There were magnifications in the ovary nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cell (NF-κB) levels by 42.4% and suppressions in nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2), protein kinase B (Akt) and haem-oxygenase 1 (HO-1) levels by 29.2%, 38.2% and 30.7%, respectively, in heat-stressed quail. 4. With increasing supplemental capsaicinoids, there were linear increases in egg production, antioxidant enzyme activity, linear decreases in ovary MDA and NF-κB levels and linear increases in ovary Nrf2, Akt and HO-1 levels at a greater extent in quail reared under TN condition than those reared under HS condition. Two-way treatment interactions showed that the degree of restorations in all response variables was more notable under the HS environment than under the TN environment as supplemental capsaicinoid level was increased. 5. In conclusion, capsaicinoid supplementation alleviates oxidative stress through regulating the ovary nuclear transcription factors in heat-stressed quail.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Sahin
- a Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , Firat University , Elazig , Turkey
| | - C Orhan
- a Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , Firat University , Elazig , Turkey
| | - M Tuzcu
- b Department of Biology, Faculty of Science , Firat University , Elazig , Turkey
| | - V Juturu
- c Research and Development , OmniActive Health Technologies Inc ., Morristown , NJ , USA
| | - K Sahin
- a Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , Firat University , Elazig , Turkey
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12
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Recovery of capsaicin from Capsicum frutescens by applying aqueous two-phase systems based on acetonitrile and cholinium-based ionic liquids. Chem Eng Res Des 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2016.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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13
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Muradian K, Vaiserman A, Min KJ, Fraifeld VE. Fucoxanthin and lipid metabolism: A minireview. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2015; 25:891-897. [PMID: 26141943 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2015.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Revised: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/25/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Accumulating data suggest that food supplementation with seaweeds which traditionally are an important part of food culture in South-East Asian countries might lead to essential health benefits. In this short review, we summarize findings from experimental studies on the effects of fucoxanthin (a carotenoid derived from brown seaweeds) on lipid metabolism, adiposity, and related conditions and discuss the possible underlying mechanisms. DATA SYNTHESIS Supplementation of fucoxanthin or its derivatives consistently attenuated body and visceral fat weight gain, lipid accumulation in the liver, decreases insulin resistance, and improves the plasma lipid profile in rodents fed a high-fat diet. It should however be noted that in diabetic/obese KK-Ay mice with genetically compromised insulin signaling, fucoxanthin might increase the plasma levels of cholesterol and low-density lipoproteins. The anti-obesity effects of fucoxanthin are apparently mediated by the hormones leptin and adiponectin through their common target AMK-activated protein kinase, resulting in downregulation of lipogenic enzymes and upregulation of lipolytic enzymes. Fucoxanthin also suppresses adipocyte differentiation and induces the expression of uncoupling proteins in visceral adipose tissue. CONCLUSIONS The results of experimental studies suggest that consumption of fucoxanthin and its derivatives as nutritional supplements is a promising option for prevention and treatment of obesity and a wide variety of related pathologies, including metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, and heart disease. Yet, clinical trials are warranted to assess a therapeutic value of fucoxanthin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kh Muradian
- State Institute of Gerontology, Kiev, Ukraine
| | - A Vaiserman
- State Institute of Gerontology, Kiev, Ukraine.
| | - K-J Min
- Department of Natural Medical Sciences, Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - V E Fraifeld
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Center for Multidisciplinary Research on Aging, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
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Zhang J, Sun Z, Sun P, Chen T, Chen F. Microalgal carotenoids: beneficial effects and potential in human health. Food Funct 2014; 5:413-25. [PMID: 24480814 DOI: 10.1039/c3fo60607d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae are huge natural sources of high-value compounds with health-promoting properties. The carotenoids derived from microalgae have significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, which allow them to provide health benefits. In this article, the bioactivities of microalgal carotenoids are reviewed. Emphasis is placed on astaxanthin, a ketocarotenoid with extraordinary potential for protecting against a wide range of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- Institute for Food & Bioresource Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China.
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Simmler C, Pauli GF, Chen SN. Phytochemistry and biological properties of glabridin. Fitoterapia 2013; 90:160-84. [PMID: 23850540 PMCID: PMC3795865 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2013.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2013] [Revised: 06/27/2013] [Accepted: 07/01/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Glabridin, a prenylated isoflavonoid of G. glabra L. roots (European licorice, Fabaceae), has been associated with a wide range of biological properties such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-atherogenic, regulation of energy metabolism, estrogenic, neuroprotective, anti-osteoporotic, and skin-whitening. While glabridin is one of the most studied licorice flavonoids, a comprehensive literature survey linked to its numerous bioactivities is unavailable. The present review provides a comprehensive description of glabridin as a key chemical and biological marker of G. glabra, by covering both its phytochemical characterization and reported biological activities. Both glabridin and standardized licorice extracts have significant impact on food, dietary supplements (DSs) and cosmetic markets, as evidenced by the amount of available patents and scientific articles since 1976, when glabridin was first described. Nevertheless, a thorough literature survey also reveals that information about the isolation and chemical characterization of this important marker is scattered and less detailed than expected. Accordingly, the first part of this review gathers and provides all analytical and spectroscopic data required for the comprehensive phytochemical characterization of glabridin. The four most frequently described and most relevant bioactivities of glabridin are its anti-inflammatory, anti-atherogenic, estrogenic-like effects, and its capacity to regulate energy metabolism. While all bioactivities reported for glabridin belong to a wide array of targets, its principal biological properties are likely interconnected. To this end, the current state of the literature suggests that the biological activity of glabridin mainly results from its capacity to down-regulate intracellular reactive oxygen species, bind to antioxidant effectors, and act on estrogen receptors, potentially as a plant-based Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulator (phytoSERM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Simmler
- UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood Street, Chicago, IL, USA.
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