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Kajero JA, Seedat S, Ohaeri JU, Akindele A, Aina O. The effects of cannabidiol on behavioural and oxidative stress parameters induced by prolonged haloperidol administration. Acta Neuropsychiatr 2022:1-11. [PMID: 36328984 DOI: 10.1017/neu.2022.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We investigated the influence of oral cannabidiol (CBD) on vacuous chewing movements (VCM) and oxidative stress parameters induced by short- and long-term administration of haloperidol in a rat model of tardive dyskinesia (TD). METHODS Haloperidol was administered either sub-chronically via the intraperitoneal (IP) route or chronically via the intramuscular (IM) route to six experimental groups only or in combination with CBD. VCM and oxidative stress parameters were assessed at different time points after the last dose of medication. RESULTS Oral CBD (5 mg/kg) attenuated the VCM produced by sub-chronic administration of haloperidol (5 mg/kg) but had minimal effects on the VCM produced by chronic administration of haloperidol (50 mg/kg). In both sub-chronic and chronic haloperidol groups, there were significant changes in brain antioxidant parameters compared with CBD only and the control groups. The sub-chronic haloperidol-only group had lower glutathione activity compared with sub-chronic haloperidol before CBD and the control groups; also, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl activities were increased in the sub-chronic (IP) haloperidol only group compared with the CBD only and control groups. Nitric oxide activity was increased in sub-chronic haloperidol-only group compared to the other groups; however, the chronic haloperidol group had increased malondialdehyde activity compared to the other groups. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that CBD ameliorated VCM in the sub-chronic haloperidol group before CBD, but marginally in the chronic haloperidol group before CBD. There was increased antioxidant activity in the sub-chronic group compared to the chronic group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaiyeola Abiola Kajero
- Federal Neuropsychiatric Hospital, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Soraya Seedat
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Jude U Ohaeri
- Department of Psychological Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria Enugu Campus, Enugu, Nigeria
| | - Abidemi Akindele
- Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Toxicology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Oluwagbemiga Aina
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria
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Choi KY, Choo JM, Lee YJ, Lee Y, Cho CH, Kim SH, Lee HJ. Association between the IL10 rs1800896 Polymorphism and Tardive Dyskinesia in Schizophrenia. Psychiatry Investig 2020; 17:1031-1036. [PMID: 33059393 PMCID: PMC7596282 DOI: 10.30773/pi.2020.0191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is a major immunoregulatory cytokine and its gene plays a fundamental role in anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive activity. This study aimed to examine the association between the IL10 gene promoter -1082G/A polymorphism (rs1800896) and tardive dyskinesia (TD) in schizophrenia. METHODS Two hundred and eighty unrelated Korean schizophrenic patients participated in this study (105 TD and 175 non-TD patients). TD was diagnosed using the Research Diagnostic Criteria for TD and Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale (AIMS). Genotyping was performed by RT-PCR and high-resolution melting curve analysis. RESULTS The distributions of genotypic frequencies did not differ between patients with and without TD (χ2=4.33, p=0.115). However, allelic frequencies of the two groups were different (χ2=4.45, p=0.035); the A allele frequency was higher in TD. The total AIMS scores of the three genotypes were not different (F=1.33, p=0.266). However, the total AIMS scores of the A allele carrier and the A allele non-carrier were significantly different (t=5.79, p<0.001). Logistic regression analaysis showed that IL10 -1082G/A genotype significantly predicts presence of TD (p=0.045) after adjusting for covariates such as age and treatment duration. CONCLUSION This finding suggests that the A allele of rs1800896 may be associated with TD development following a low IL-10 function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwang-Yeon Choi
- Department of Psychiatry, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Min Choo
- Department of General Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Youn-Jung Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yujin Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul Metropolitan Eunpyeong Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul-Hyun Cho
- Department of Psychiatry, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.,Chronobiology Institute, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Hyun Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Heon-Jeong Lee
- Chronobiology Institute, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Psychiatry, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Loonen AJ, Wilffert B, Ivanova SA. Putative role of pharmacogenetics to elucidate the mechanism of tardive dyskinesia in schizophrenia. Pharmacogenomics 2019; 20:1199-1223. [PMID: 31686592 DOI: 10.2217/pgs-2019-0100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Identifying biomarkers which can be used as a diagnostic tool is a major objective of pharmacogenetic studies. Most mental and many neurological disorders have a compiled multifaceted nature, which may be the reason why this endeavor has hitherto not been very successful. This is also true for tardive dyskinesia (TD), an involuntary movement complication of long-term treatment with antipsychotic drugs. The observed associations of specific gene variants with the prevalence and severity of a disorder can also be applied to try to elucidate the pathogenesis of the condition. In this paper, this strategy is used by combining pharmacogenetic knowledge with theories on the possible role of a dysfunction of specific cellular elements of neostriatal parts of the (dorsal) extrapyramidal circuits: various glutamatergic terminals, medium spiny neurons, striatal interneurons and ascending monoaminergic fibers. A peculiar finding is that genetic variants which would be expected to increase the neostriatal dopamine concentration are not associated with the prevalence and severity of TD. Moreover, modifying the sensitivity to glutamatergic long-term potentiation (and excitotoxicity) shows a relationship with levodopa-induced dyskinesia, but not with TD. Contrasting this, TD is associated with genetic variants that modify vulnerability to oxidative stress. Reducing the oxidative stress burden of medium spiny neurons may also be the mechanism behind the protective influence of 5-HT2 receptor antagonists. It is probably worthwhile to discriminate between neostriatal matrix and striosomal compartments when studying the mechanism of TD and between orofacial and limb-truncal components in epidemiological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Jm Loonen
- Unit of PharmacoTherapy, Epidemiology & Economics, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713AV Groningen, The Netherlands.,GGZ Westelijk Noord-Brabant, Hoofdlaan 8, 4661AA Halsteren, The Netherlands
| | - Bob Wilffert
- Unit of PharmacoTherapy, Epidemiology & Economics, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713AV Groningen, The Netherlands.,Dept. of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Svetlana A Ivanova
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Aleutskaya Street, 4, 634014 Tomsk, Russian Federation.,School of Non-Destructive Testing & Security, Division for Control and Diagnostics, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Lenin Avenue, 30, 634050 Tomsk, Russian Federation.,Central Research Laboratory, Siberian State Medical University, Moscowski Trakt, 2, 634050 Tomsk, Russian Federation
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Chang FC, Fung VS. Clinical significance of pharmacogenomic studies in tardive dyskinesia associated with patients with psychiatric disorders. PHARMACOGENOMICS & PERSONALIZED MEDICINE 2014; 7:317-28. [PMID: 25378945 PMCID: PMC4207069 DOI: 10.2147/pgpm.s52806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Pharmacogenomics is the study of the effects of genetic polymorphisms on medication pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. It offers advantages in predicting drug efficacy and/or toxicity and has already changed clinical practice in many fields of medicine. Tardive dyskinesia (TD) is a movement disorder that rarely remits and poses significant social stigma and physical discomfort for the patient. Pharmacokinetic studies show an association between cytochrome P450 enzyme-determined poor metabolizer status and elevated serum antipsychotic and metabolite levels. However, few prospective studies have shown this to correlate with the occurrence of TD. Many retrospective, case-control and cross-sectional studies have examined the association of cytochrome P450 enzyme, dopamine (receptor, metabolizer and transporter), serotonin (receptor and transporter), and oxidative stress enzyme gene polymorphisms with the occurrence and severity of TD. These studies have produced conflicting and confusing results secondary to heterogeneous inclusion criteria and other patient characteristics that also act as confounding factors. This paper aims to review and summarize the pharmacogenetic findings in antipsychotic-associated TD and assess its clinical significance for psychiatry patients. In addition, we hope to provide insight into areas that need further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence Cf Chang
- Movement Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Victor Sc Fung
- Movement Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Son WY, Lee HJ, Yoon HK, Kang SG, Park YM, Yang HJ, Choi JE, An H, Seo HK, Kim L. Gaba transporter SLC6A11 gene polymorphism associated with tardive dyskinesia. Nord J Psychiatry 2014; 68:123-8. [PMID: 23795861 DOI: 10.3109/08039488.2013.780260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) insufficiency has been reported to be related to the tardive dyskinesia (TD) susceptibility. Inada et al. (Pharmacogenet Genomics 2008;18:317-23) identified eight genes belonging to GABA receptor signaling pathway that may be involved in TD susceptibility by genome-wide screening and they replicated associations in an independent sample for polymorphisms in SLC6A11 (GABA transporter 3), GABRG3 (c-3 subunit of GABA-A receptor) and GABRB2 (β-2 subunit of GABA-A receptor). In this study, we tried to replicate their finding in a larger Korean sample and find if any of the genes was associated with the susceptibility to TD. METHODS We selected three polymorphisms in SLC6A11 (rs4684742), GABRG3 (rs2061051) and GABRB2 (rs918528) from the previous study. We carried out a case-control study (105 TD and 175 non-TD schizophrenic patients) to identify the association between the three candidate polymorphisms and susceptibility to TD and their epistatic interactions by using the multifactor dimensionality reduction (MDR) algorithm. RESULTS Among the three variants, SCL6A11 genotypes distribution showed a significant difference between the TD and non-TD patients (P = 0.049). However, GABRG3 and GABRB2 genotype distributions were not associated with TD (P = 0.268 and P = 0.976, respectively). Further, our analyses provided significant evidence for gene-gene interactions (SCL6A11, GABRG3 and GABRB2) in the development of TD. The odds ratio increased to 2.53 (CI = 1.515-4.217, P = 0.0003) when the genetic susceptibility to TD was analyzed with the three genes considered altogether through MDR approach. CONCLUSION These results suggest that GABA receptor signaling pathway was associated with the increased susceptibility to TD in Korean schizophrenic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo-Young Son
- Woo-Young Son, Department of Psychiatry, Korea University College of Medicine , Seoul , South Korea , and Department of Biology, Cornell University College of Arts and Sciences , NY 14850 , USA
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Kang SG, Lee HJ, Yoon HK, Cho SN, Park YM, Kim L. There is no evidence for an association between the serotonin receptor 3A gene C178T polymorphism and tardive dyskinesia in Korean schizophrenia patients. Nord J Psychiatry 2013; 67:214-8. [PMID: 23126479 DOI: 10.3109/08039488.2012.732114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tardive dyskinesia (TD) is a potential adverse effect of long-term treatment with antipsychotics. Previous studies have suggested a link between brain serotonergic systems and TD vulnerability. A recent report described that a serotonin 3 receptor (5-HTR3) agonist induced rhythmic movements in mice with complete paraplegia. Furthermore, it has been reported that the 5-HTR3 antagonist ondansetron is efficacious in the treatment of Gilles de la Tourette syndrome (GTS). AIM The aim of the present study was to determine whether the 5-HTR3A gene C178T polymorphism is associated with antipsychotic-induced TD in Korean schizophrenia patients. METHODS We investigated 280 Korean schizophrenia patients. Subjects with TD (n = 105) and without TD (n = 175) were matched for antipsychotic drug exposure and other relevant variables. RESULTS The distributions of genotypic (chi-squared = 3.55, p = 0.169) and allelic (chi-squared = 0.40, p = 0.528) frequencies did not differ between patients with and without TD. The total score on the Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale also did not differ between the two genotype groups (F = 0.94, p = 0.391). CONCLUSIONS The findings of the present study do not support the involvement of the 5-HTR3A gene C178T polymorphism in TD in Korean schizophrenia subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Gul Kang
- Department of Psychiatry, Gachon University, School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
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Lai IC, Chen ML, Wang YC, Chen JY, Liao DL, Bai YM, Lin CC, Chen TT, Liou YJ. Analysis of genetic variations in the human melatonin receptor (MTNR1A, MTNR1B) genes and antipsychotics-induced tardive dyskinesia in schizophrenia. World J Biol Psychiatry 2011; 12:143-8. [PMID: 20726823 DOI: 10.3109/15622975.2010.496870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Antipsychotics-induced tardive dyskinesia (TD) has been suggested to be related to altered dopaminergic neurotransmission in the striatum. Melatonin has a modulating effect on dopaminergic neurotransmission in the brain; therefore, the hypothesis of an association between the melatonin receptor genes (MTNR1A, MTNR1B) and antipsychotics-induced TD was examined in this study. METHODS Schizophrenic inpatients receiving long-term antipsychotic treatment were assessed using the Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale, and only patients who were either free of any abnormal involuntary movement (non-TD group) or who demonstrated persistent TD (TD group) were enrolled. Genotyping of six tagging single nucleus polymorphisms (SNPs) in the melatonin receptor genes (MRNR1A, MTNR1B) was then performed for each subject. RESULTS Four hundred and eighteen inpatients (TD=256, non-TD=162) fitted the study criteria and underwent TD assessment and genotyping. Individual haplotype analysis showed that the haplotype ATG was significantly associated with non-TD (permutation P=0.037), and the association was also found to be significant by global haplotype analyses (permutation P=0.045). CONCLUSIONS Our results indicated a significant association between the haplotype ATG in the MTNR1A gene and non-TD. Further replication in other countries or other populations is indicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Ching Lai
- Department of Psychiatry, Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
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Abstract
Tardive dyskinesia (TD) is one of the most serious adverse side effects of antipsychotic drugs and is an important topic of pharmacogenetic studies. Since there is a genetic susceptibility for developing this adverse reaction, and given that it is hard to predict its development prior to or during the early period of medication, the genetic study of TD is a promising research topic that has a direct clinical application. Moreover, such studies would improve our understanding of the genetic mechanism(s) underlying abnormal dyskinetic movement. A substantial number of case-control association studies of TD have been performed, with numbers of studies focusing on the genes involved in antipsychotic drug metabolism, such as those for cytochrome P450 (CYP) and oxidative stress related genes as well as various neurotransmitter related genes. These studies have produced relatively consistent though controversial findings for certain polymorphisms such as CYP2D6*10, DRD2 Taq1A, DRD3 Ser9Gly, HTR2A T102C, and MnSOD Ala9Val. Moreover, the application of the genome-wide association study (GWAS) to the susceptibility of TD has revealed certain associated genes that previously were never considered to be associated with TD, such as the rs7669317 on 4q24, GLI2 gene, GABA pathway genes, and HSPG2 gene. Although a substantial number of genetic studies have investigated TD, many of the positive findings have not been replicated or are inconsistent, which could be due to differences in study design, sample size, and/or subject ethnicity. We expect that more refined research will be performed in the future to resolve these issues, which will then enable the genetic prediction of TD and clinical application thereof.
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Cho CH, Kang SG, Choi JE, Park YM, Lee HJ, Kim L. Association between Antipsychotics-Induced Restless Legs Syndrome and Tyrosine Hydroxylase Gene Polymorphism. Psychiatry Investig 2009; 6:211-5. [PMID: 20046397 PMCID: PMC2796069 DOI: 10.4306/pi.2009.6.3.211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2009] [Revised: 07/05/2009] [Accepted: 07/08/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Restless legs syndrome (RLS) has been reported to be more prevalent in schizophrenic patients who take antipsychotics. The cause of RLS is unknown but associated with dopaminergic deficiency. Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) is the enzyme responsible for catalyzing the conversion of L-tyrosine to DOPA. The purpose of this study is to determine whether the TH gene Val81Met polymorphism is associated with antipsychotic-induced RLS. METHODS One hundred ninety Korean schizophrenic patients were evaluated by the diagnostic criteria of the International RLS Study Group (IRLSSG). The genotyping was performed by PCR-based methods. RESULTS Of the one hundred ninety schizophrenic patients, 44 (23.2%) were found to have RLS. Although there were no significant associations between TH genotypes or allele frequencies and RLS, when separate analyses were performed by sex (male or female), we detected significant differences in the frequencies of the genotype (chi(2)=6.15, p=0.046) and allele (chi(2)=4.67, p=0.031) of the TH gene Val81Met polymorphism between those with and without RLS in the female patients. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that the TH gene Val81Met SNP might be associated with antipsychotic-induced RLS in female schizophrenic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chul-Hyun Cho
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung-Gul Kang
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung-Eun Choi
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Division of Brain Korea 21 Biomedical Science, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young-Min Park
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Inje University College of Medicine, Ilsan Paik Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| | - Heon-Jeong Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Division of Brain Korea 21 Biomedical Science, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Leen Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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