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Newall P, Swanton TB. Beyond 'single customer view': Player tracking's potential role in understanding and reducing gambling-related harm. Addiction 2024; 119:1156-1163. [PMID: 38298143 DOI: 10.1111/add.16438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Usage of electronic gaming machines (EGMs) and on-line gambling is strongly associated with gambling-related harm. Player-tracking systems can monitor a gambler's activity across multiple sessions and/or operators, providing a clearer picture of the person's risk of harm with respect to these gambling formats and enabling harm reduction efforts. The Finnish and Norwegian state monopolies have player-tracking systems in place, while the United Kingdom is implementing an operator-led system called 'single customer view' for on-line gambling, and Australian states are proposing similar 'player cards' for land-based EGMs. ARGUMENT Player tracking can advance harm reduction efforts in three ways. First, player tracking improves our understanding of gambling-related harm by providing data on how the population gambles, which can potentially be linked with operator, government and/or prevalence data sets. Secondly, player tracking can be used to implement harm reduction measures such as expenditure limits, self-exclusion and age verification. Thirdly, player tracking can provide a platform to evaluate harm reduction measures via gold-standard field trials. These potential benefits need to be weighed against various practical and ethical issues. CONCLUSIONS The potential benefits of player-tracking systems would be maximized via systems administered independently of the gambling industry and implemented universally across all gambling in a given jurisdiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Newall
- School of Psychological Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Thomas B Swanton
- Faculty of Science, School of Psychology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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2
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Differences Amongst Estimates of the UK Problem Gambling Prevalence Rate Are Partly Due to a Methodological Artefact. Int J Ment Health Addict 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11469-022-00877-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
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3
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Muggleton N, Parpart P, Newall P, Leake D, Gathergood J, Stewart N. The association between gambling and financial, social and health outcomes in big financial data. Nat Hum Behav 2021; 5:319-326. [PMID: 33542528 DOI: 10.1038/s41562-020-01045-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Gambling is an ordinary pastime for some people, but is associated with addiction and harmful outcomes for others. Evidence of these harms is limited to small-sample, cross-sectional self-reports, such as prevalence surveys. We examine the association between gambling as a proportion of monthly income and 31 financial, social and health outcomes using anonymous data provided by a UK retail bank, aggregated for up to 6.5 million individuals over up to 7 years. Gambling is associated with higher financial distress and lower financial inclusion and planning, and with negative lifestyle, health, well-being and leisure outcomes. Gambling is associated with higher rates of future unemployment and physical disability and, at the highest levels, with substantially increased mortality. Gambling is persistent over time, growing over the sample period, and has higher negative associations among the heaviest gamblers. Our findings inform the debate over the relationship between gambling and life experiences across the population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi Muggleton
- Department of Social Policy and Intervention, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. .,Warwick Business School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK. .,Applied Science, Lloyds Banking Group, London, UK.
| | - Paula Parpart
- Warwick Business School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.,Applied Science, Lloyds Banking Group, London, UK.,Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Philip Newall
- Warwick Manufacturing Group, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.,School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, CQ University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - David Leake
- Applied Science, Lloyds Banking Group, London, UK
| | - John Gathergood
- School of Economics, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Neil Stewart
- Warwick Business School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
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4
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Widinghoff C, Berge J, Wallinius M, Billstedt E, Hofvander B, Håkansson A. Gambling Disorder in Male Violent Offenders in the Prison System: Psychiatric and Substance-Related Comorbidity. J Gambl Stud 2019; 35:485-500. [PMID: 29971589 PMCID: PMC6517603 DOI: 10.1007/s10899-018-9785-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Gambling disorder is an addiction that can cause major suffering, and some populations seem to be more vulnerable than others. Offender populations have a remarkably high prevalence of gambling problems and they are also over-represented in a number of diagnoses related to gambling disorder, like substance use disorders and antisocial personality disorder. Yet, there are few studies investigating gambling disorder prevalence and related psychiatric comorbidity in this group. This study aims to investigate the prevalence of, and association between, gambling disorder and other psychiatric diagnoses in a sample of young, male violent offenders. Two hundred and sixty-four male offenders, all serving sentences for violent crimes (recruited between 2010 and 2012) participated in this study and went through comprehensive psychiatric evaluation, including assessment for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 4th Edition criteria. Sixteen percent of the participants met criteria for gambling disorder. Antisocial personality disorder, cannabis, cocaine and anabolic steroids abuse were significantly more common among participants with gambling disorder. The gambling disorder group also showed significantly lower educational attainment. Cocaine abuse and failure to graduate elementary and middle school in expected time were independently associated with gambling disorder in a regression analysis. This study confirms the previously described high prevalence of gambling disorder in offenders. The psychiatric comorbidity was high and the problems had started early, with lower educational attainment in the gambling disorder group. The findings stress the importance of increased awareness of gambling problems among convicted offenders and of gambling research on young people with delinquent behavior. There is a need of more research to investigate this further, in order to develop preventive strategies and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Widinghoff
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Psychiatry, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Clinical Research Unit/Gambling Disorder Unit, Malmö Addiction Center, 205 02 Malmö, Region Skåne Sweden
| | - Jonas Berge
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Psychiatry, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Clinical Research Unit/Gambling Disorder Unit, Malmö Addiction Center, 205 02 Malmö, Region Skåne Sweden
| | - Märta Wallinius
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Regional Forensic Psychiatric Clinic, Växjö, Sweden
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Centre for Ethics, Law and Mental Health, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Eva Billstedt
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Centre for Ethics, Law and Mental Health, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Gillberg Neuropsychiatry Centre, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Björn Hofvander
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Centre for Ethics, Law and Mental Health, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Division of Forensic Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Lund University, Lund, Region Skåne Sweden
| | - Anders Håkansson
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Psychiatry, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Clinical Research Unit/Gambling Disorder Unit, Malmö Addiction Center, 205 02 Malmö, Region Skåne Sweden
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Rémond JJ, Romo L. Analysis of Gambling in the Media Related to Screens: Immersion as a Predictor of Excessive Use? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:E58. [PMID: 29301311 PMCID: PMC5800157 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15010058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2017] [Revised: 12/25/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This study investigates the intricacies between the player interface proposed by the screens, (in particular on smartphone applications or in video games) and gambling. Recent research indicates connections between "immersion" and excessive screen practice. We want to understand the causal-effects between online gambling and the "immersion" variable and understand their relationship and its contingencies. This article empirically investigates whether and how it is possible to observe immersion with its sub-dimensions in gambling on different screens. The objective of this study was to analyze: (1) the costs and benefits associated with gambling practice on screens (2) the link between gambling practice and screen practice (video game, Internet, mobile screen); (3) to observe the propensity to immersion for individuals practicing gambling on screens; and (4) to examine the comorbidities and cognitive factors associated with the practice of gambling on screen. A total of 432 adults (212 men, 220 women), recruited from Ile-de-France (France), responded to a battery of questionnaires. Our study suggests that immersion variables make it possible to understand the cognitive participation of individuals towards screens in general, the practice of gambling on screens and the excessive practice of screens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Jacques Rémond
- Psychology Department, Laboratory EA CLIPSYD 4430, Paris Nanterre University, 92000 Nanterre, France.
| | - Lucia Romo
- Psychology Department, Laboratory EA CLIPSYD 4430, Paris Nanterre University, 92000 Nanterre, France.
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An Evaluation of Substance Abuse, Mental Health Disorders, and Gambling Correlations: an Opportunity for Early Public Health Interventions. Int J Ment Health Addict 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11469-015-9589-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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7
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Shead NW, Derevensky JL, Paskus TS. Trends in Gambling Behavior among College Student-Athletes: A Comparison of 2004 and 2008 NCAA Survey Data. JOURNAL OF GAMBLING ISSUES 2014. [DOI: 10.4309/jgi.2014.29.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Two large samples of National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) student-athletes in 2004 (N = 18,916) and 2008 (N = 17,675) were surveyed about their gambling behavior. A cross-comparison highlighted gambling trends among college-student athletes across the four-year span. Overall, past-year and weekly gambling rates were lower in 2008 compared to 2004. There were no within-gender differences in the proportion of individuals at-risk or meeting criteria for a gambling problem between 2004 (4.0% males, 0.3% females) and 2008 (3.8% males, 0.4% females). Participation rates were higher in 2004 for all gambling activities, except for past-year Internet gambling and sports wagering, which increased in 2008 among males. Across sports, gambling participation was notably highest among golfers of both genders. Collectively, the results suggest that gambling activity among student-athletes is on a downward trend in spite of ongoing expansion of gambling opportunities.
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Stark S, Zahlan N, Albanese P, Tepperman L. Beyond description: Understanding gender differences in problem gambling. J Behav Addict 2012; 1:123-34. [PMID: 26165462 DOI: 10.1556/jba.1.2012.3.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aims Though women make up roughly one third of all problem gamblers, research has typically focused on male problem gamblers. Recent research has started to shift its attention toward the importance of gender. However, studies rarely attempt to understand gender differences in problem gambling or subject these differences to thorough multivariate analyses. To address some of the gaps in our knowledge of gender differences, we examine whether patterns of gambling behavior and psychological factors mediate the relationship between gender and problem gambling. Methods We use logistic multiple regression to analyze two large Canadian datasets - the 2005 Ontario Prevalence Survey and the 2007 Canadian Community Health Survey. Results Variables found to mediate the relationship between gender and problem gambling are the type(s) of game(s) played (in the 2005 Ontario Prevalence Survey) and the number of games played (in the 2007 Canadian Community Health Survey). Conclusions Men are more likely to be problem gamblers than women, and this gender difference is understandable in terms of differences in patterns of gambling behavior. We conclude that men experience problems because they play riskier games and women experience problems because they prefer chance-based games, which are associated with significantly higher odds of problem gambling. We specify the three main ways that women's reasons for gambling - to escape or for empowerment - translate into chance-based games.
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Breen HM, Hing N, Gordon A. Indigenous Gambling Motivations, Behaviour and Consequences in Northern New South Wales, Australia. Int J Ment Health Addict 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s11469-010-9293-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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10
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Abstract
This paper examines the question of whether indicators of pathological or disordered gambling should be included in current public health surveillance systems. Such inclusion can be justified in terms of the emerging associations between disordered gambling and the leading indicators of the risk for premature morbidity and mortality. Additional justification can be seen in terms of the potential of Internet gambling to increase the incidence of gambling disorders, particularly among younger and older populations. The paper describes characteristics of public health surveillance systems and recommends including gambling in such systems, on at least a provisional basis.
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Gambling Trends in the State of New Mexico: 1996–1998. Int J Ment Health Addict 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s11469-008-9178-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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12
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Starling R, Blankenship J, May P, Woodall G. Problem Gambling in New Mexico: 1996 and 1998. Int J Ment Health Addict 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s11469-008-9163-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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