1
|
Mousavi SS, Karami H, Tamadoni A, Mahmoudi H, Shekarriz R, Siami R, Hashemi-Soteh MB. Spectrum of Beta-Thalassemia Mutations in Potential Carriers with Microcytic Hypochromic Anemia from Mazandaran and Golestan, Northern Provinces of Iran. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 2024:8664803. [PMID: 38322302 PMCID: PMC10846921 DOI: 10.1155/2024/8664803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Introduction β-Thalassaemia is the most common genetic disorder and is considered as a major public health concern in Iran. Different countrywide studies have shown a heterogeneous mutational basis of β-thalassaemia with different frequencies in each area. This study is aimed at investigating the common and rare mutations in Mazandaran and Golestan, northern provinces of Iran. Methods 5425 microcytic and hypochromic individuals were investigated from Mazandaran and Golestan provinces. From these, 1323 beta carrier or affected individuals were selected where 938 persons were from Mazandaran and 385 people were from Golestan province, respectively. Result 53 different mutations were identified, IVSII-1 (G>A) was the most common (59.14%) followed by Cd 22/23/24 (-7 bp) (5.34%), Cd 8 (-AA) (4.93%), Cd30 (G>A) (4.00%), and IVSI-5 (G>C) (3.70%) with a total of 77.11% in Mazandaran Province, respectively. In Golestan Province, IVSI-5 (G>C) was the most frequent (44.62%) followed by IVSII-1 (G>A) (27.18%), Cd 15 (TGG>TAG) (4.36%), Fr 8/9(+G) (3.85%), and Cd 8(-AA) (2.05%) with a total of 82.06%, respectively. From the 53 different mutations, 22 numbers have been observed in both provinces. Two deletions of the beta gene named Sicilian and Asian-Indian have been detected in Mazandaran with a frequency of 0.72% each. Conclusion The 53 different mutations identified in this study were the most ever reported mutations in the country. Due to diversity of different ethnic groups, there are many varieties of mutation in beta globin gene in Iran. It could be assumed that both founder effect and natural selection caused by migration from neighboring areas have complemented each other to produce the high frequency of unique alleles within each region.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hossein Karami
- Department of Pediatrics Hematology & Oncology, Thalassemia Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Ahmad Tamadoni
- Non-Communicable Pediatric Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Hassan Mahmoudi
- The Clinical Research Development Unit of Amirkola Children's Hospital, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Ramin Shekarriz
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Rita Siami
- Ghaemshahr Health Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Bagher Hashemi-Soteh
- Immunogenetic Research Center, Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Biochemistry and Genetic Department, Medical Faculty, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Nyangasa S, Solomon D, Njiro B, Faisal A, Makani J, Nkya S. The rate and pattern of fetal hemoglobin decline adjusted to sickle cell status of newborns in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania: A prospective cohort study. Am J Hematol 2023; 98:E241-E243. [PMID: 37345514 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.27004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Foetal haemoglobin (%) and foetal cell (%) according to sickle cell status.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Salama Nyangasa
- Dar es Salaam University College of Education, Dar es salaam, Tanzania
| | - David Solomon
- Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es salaam, Tanzania
| | - Belinda Njiro
- Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es salaam, Tanzania
| | - Anab Faisal
- Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es salaam, Tanzania
| | - Julie Makani
- Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es salaam, Tanzania
| | - Siana Nkya
- Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es salaam, Tanzania
- Tanzania Human Genetics Organisation, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Adigwe OP, Onavbavba G, Onoja SO. Impact of Sickle Cell Disease on Affected Individuals in Nigeria: A Critical Review. Int J Gen Med 2023; 16:3503-3515. [PMID: 37601802 PMCID: PMC10438428 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s410015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Sickle cell disease is an autosomal recessive disorder of the beta-globin gene, with resultant deformation of the red blood cells and variable clinical outcomes. Nigeria is recognised as the country with the highest burden of sickle cell disease globally. This study aimed at critically reviewing available literature on impact of sickle cell disease in Nigeria. A literature search was carried out on four databases, and a total of 116 articles that met the inclusion criteria were included in the critical review. It was observed that majority of the studies were carried out in South-Western part of Nigeria (47.4%), whilst the North-East had the least number of studies undertaken in this area, more than a quarter of the studies (27.6%) were related to hematologic and serologic screening. Major themes that emerged from this review were morbidity and mortality; prevalence of sickle cell disease; issues relating to blood transfusion; psychosocial impact; and anatomical dysfunction in sickle cell disease. Intervention programs from both government and non-governmental organizations aimed at reducing the burden of sickle cell disease and its socio-economic impact were identified as key to strategies aimed at overcoming challenges associated with the disease. Findings from this study also revealed that education and awareness interventions were central to reducing the prevalence of sickle cell disease in this setting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Obi Peter Adigwe
- National Institute for Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Abuja, Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria
| | - Godspower Onavbavba
- National Institute for Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Abuja, Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria
| | - Solomon Oloche Onoja
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Nigeria, Enugu, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kalaigar SS, Rajashekar RB, Nataraj SM, Vishwanath P, Prashant A. Bioinformatic Tools for the Identification of MicroRNAs Regulating the Transcription Factors in Patients with β-Thalassemia. Bioinform Biol Insights 2022; 16:11779322221115536. [PMID: 35935529 PMCID: PMC9354123 DOI: 10.1177/11779322221115536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
β-thalassemia is a significant health issue worldwide, with approximately 7% of the world’s population having defective hemoglobin genes. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short noncoding RNAs regulating gene expression at the post-transcriptional level by targeting multiple gene transcripts. The levels of fetal hemoglobin (HbF) can be increased by regulating the expression of the γ-globin gene using the suppressive effects of miRNAs on several transcription factors such as MYB, BCL11A, GATA1, and KLF. An early step in discovering miRNA:mRNA target interactions is the computational prediction of miRNA targets that can be later validated with wet-lab investigations. This review highlights some commonly employed computational tools such as miRBase, Target scan, DIANA-microT-CDS, miRwalk, miRDB, and micro-TarBase that can be used to predict miRNA targets. Upon comparing the miRNA target prediction tools, 4 main aspects of the miRNA:mRNA target interaction are shown to include a few common features on which most target prediction is based: conservation sites, seed match, free energy, and site accessibility. Understanding these prediction tools’ usage will help users select the appropriate tool and interpret the results accurately. This review will, therefore, be helpful to peers to quickly choose a list of the best miRNAs associated with HbF induction. Researchers will obtain significant results using these bioinformatics tools to establish a new important concept in managing β-thalassemia and delivering therapeutic strategies for improving their quality of life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sumayakausar S Kalaigar
- Center for Medical Genomics & Counselling, Department of Biochemistry, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysore, India
| | | | - Suma M Nataraj
- Center for Medical Genomics & Counselling, Department of Biochemistry, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysore, India.,Special Interest Group-Human Genomics & Rare Disorders (SIG-HGRD), JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysore, India
| | - Prashant Vishwanath
- Center for Medical Genomics & Counselling, Department of Biochemistry, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysore, India.,Special Interest Group-Human Genomics & Rare Disorders (SIG-HGRD), JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysore, India
| | - Akila Prashant
- Center for Medical Genomics & Counselling, Department of Biochemistry, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysore, India.,Special Interest Group-Human Genomics & Rare Disorders (SIG-HGRD), JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysore, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hu L, Huang L, Han Y, Jin T, Liu J, Jiang M, Liu X, Li Y, Han W, An B, Huang S. Association of polymorphisms in the HBG1-HBD intergenic region with HbF levels. J Clin Lab Anal 2020; 34:e23243. [PMID: 32068918 PMCID: PMC7307336 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increased levels of fetal hemoglobin (HbF) can improve the clinical course of the patients with sickle cell anemia (SCA) or β-thalassemia. The HBG1-HBD intergenic region plays an important role in this process. However, very few studies investigated whether the variations in this region have an effect on HbF expression. METHODS We retrieved all the SNP data in the HBG1-HBD intergenic region and defined the haplotype blocks, then performed cluster analysis and selected a tagSNP. A total of 500 normal individuals and 300 β-thalassemia carriers were enrolled. After routine blood and hemoglobin capillary electrophoresis testing, β-thalassemia mutations were detected using PCR-reverse dot blot. The genotypes of the rs4910736 (A > C) and rs10128556 (C > T) were determined using Sanger sequencing; the relationship between the two SNPs and the levels of HbF was analyzed. RESULTS Two haplotype blocks were constructed. Block 1 included seven haplotypes divided into two groups M and N by 11 tagSNPs, among which rs4910736 was selected as a tagSNP, while block 2 included three haplotypes. We found that the haplotypes of block 1 were statistically associated with HbF levels, but the non-tagSNP rs10128556 was shown to be more strongly associated with HbF levels than rs4910736. CONCLUSION This work proved that the haplotypes in the HBG1-HBD intergenic region and SNP rs10128556 are both statistically associated with HbF levels, revealing the association of polymorphisms in the HBG1-HBD intergenic region with HbF levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Hu
- School of MedicineGuizhou UniversityGuiyangChina
- Prenatal Diagnosis CenterGuizhou Provincial People's HospitalGuiyangChina
| | - Ling Huang
- Department of LaboratoryGuizhou Provincial People's HospitalGuiyangChina
| | - Yuanyuan Han
- School of MedicineGuizhou UniversityGuiyangChina
| | - Tingting Jin
- School of MedicineGuizhou UniversityGuiyangChina
| | - Juan Liu
- School of MedicineGuizhou UniversityGuiyangChina
| | - Minmin Jiang
- Prenatal Diagnosis CenterGuizhou Provincial People's HospitalGuiyangChina
| | - Xingmei Liu
- Department of LaboratoryGuizhou Provincial People's HospitalGuiyangChina
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Department of LaboratoryGuizhou Provincial People's HospitalGuiyangChina
| | - Wenping Han
- Department of LaboratoryNanjing Red Cross Blood CenterNanjingChina
| | - Bangquan An
- Department of Planning and DevelopmentGuizhou Provincial People's HospitalGuiyangChina
| | - Shengwen Huang
- School of MedicineGuizhou UniversityGuiyangChina
- Prenatal Diagnosis CenterGuizhou Provincial People's HospitalGuiyangChina
- NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Immunological DiseasesGuizhou Provincial People's HospitalGuiyangChina
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ugwu NI, Nna EO, Egwu AN, Okoye EA. Hemoglobin SS Nigerian Woman First Diagnosed at the Age of 52 years with Manifestation Mimicking Tuberculosis of the Spine. Niger Med J 2020; 61:106-109. [PMID: 32675904 PMCID: PMC7357801 DOI: 10.4103/nmj.nmj_220_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Sickle cell anemia (SCA) is an inherited disorder of hemoglobin due to the presence of abnormal hemoglobin in a homozygous state. Manifestation is usually in infancy or early childhood due to gradual decrease in hemoglobin F level as age advances. Diagnosis in middle age is unusual. We present a woman who was diagnosed of SCA for the first time at middle age. The aim was to bring to the knowledge of physicians that patients with SCA can also present late so high index of suspicion is required to make diagnosis. A 52-year-old woman presented to orthopedic clinic with complaints of generalized bone pain and low back pain. There was no history of trauma prior to the onset of the pain. There was no associated fever, weight loss, loss of appetite, nor weakness of the lower limbs. X-ray of the spine done showed wedge collapse of the 12th thoracic and first lumbar vertebrae with posterior angulation of the thoracolumbar junction giving dorsal kyphosis. Her mode of presentation raised a suspicion of tuberculosis of the spine to rule out multiple myeloma. However, investigations for tuberculosis and multiple myeloma were all negative. This necessitated the investigation for SCA and the diagnosis was confirmed. The diagnosis of SCA is usually made in infancy or early childhood. High index of suspicion is required to make the diagnosis at middle age.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ngozi Immaculata Ugwu
- Department of Haematology and Immunology, Faculty of Clinical Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria.,Department of Haematology and Transfusion Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
| | - Emmanuel Okechukwu Nna
- Safety Molecular Pathology Laboratory, The Molecular Pathology Institute, Enugu, Nigeria
| | - Agama Nnachi Egwu
- Department of Surgery (Orthopaedic Unit), Ebonyi State University/ Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - Ejike Augustine Okoye
- Department of Haematology and Immunology, Faculty of Clinical Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria.,Department of Haematology and Transfusion Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Foetal Haemoglobin and Disease Severity in Nigerian Children with Sickle Cell Anaemia. Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis 2017; 9:e2017063. [PMID: 29181140 PMCID: PMC5667525 DOI: 10.4084/mjhid.2017.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Foetal haemoglobin (HbF) is a major modifying factor influencing sickle cell disease (SCD) severity. Despite this, HbF estimation is not routinely done in Nigeria. The relationship between HbF and SCD severity among affected children is also poorly studied. Methods In this descriptive cross-sectional study, we determined the relationship between steady state HbF levels and disease severity of Nigerian children aged 1 – 15 years with homozygous SCD. For each child, the socio-demographic characteristics and SCD clinical severity were determined. The latter was assessed based on the frequency of significant painful episodes, blood transfusion, and hospitalisation in the preceding 12 months; lifetime cumulative incidence of SCD-related complications; the degree of splenic and hepatic enlargement; current haematocrit and leucocyte count. Foetal haemoglobin levels were quantified with high-performance liquid chromatography. Results The mean HbF level of the 105 children with SCA was 9.9 ± 6.0%. Male had significantly lower mean HbF levels than females, 8.0 ± 5.6% vs. 12.2 ± 5.8% (p < 0.001). None of the children had severe disease. However, the 32 children with moderate disease had significantly lower mean foetal haemoglobin levels than the 73 with mild disease (7.7 ± 5.6% vs 10.8 ± 6.0% respectively). The mean HbF level was also significantly lower in children who had a history of acute chest syndrome and stroke compared to those without these complications, p = 0.002 and 0.010 respectively. Conclusion Children with SCA who had a moderate disease and those with a history of life-threatening complications such as stroke and acute chest syndrome had significantly low HbF levels. Therefore, it is recommended that facilities for early quantification of foetal haemoglobin and HbF inducement were made available to reduce the morbidity and mortality among these children.
Collapse
|
8
|
Correlation between the Lactate Dehydrogenase Levels with Laboratory Variables in the Clinical Severity of Sickle Cell Anemia in Congolese Patients. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0123568. [PMID: 25946088 PMCID: PMC4422668 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0123568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2014] [Accepted: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sickle cell anemia is an inflammatory disease and is characterized by chronic hemolysis. We sought to evaluate the association of lactate dehydrogenase levels with specific clinical phenotypes and laboratory variables in patients with sickle cell anemia. Methods The present cross-sectional study was conducted in Sickle Cell Centre of Yolo in Kinshasa, the Democratic Republic of Congo. Two hundred and eleven patients with Sickle Cell Anemia in steady state were recruited. Seventy-four participants with normal Hb (Hb-AA) were selected as a control group. Results The average rates of hemoglobin, hematocrit, and red blood cells tended to be significantly lower in subjects with Hb-SS (p<0.001). The average rates of white blood cells, platelets, reticulocytes and serum LDH were significantly higher in subjects with Hb-SS (p<0.001). The average rates of Hb, HbF, hematocrit and red blood cells of Hb-SS patients with asymptomatic clinical phenotype were significantly higher than those of the two other phenotypes. However, the average rates of white blood cells, platelets, reticulocytes, and LDH of Hb-SS patients with the severe clinical phenotype are higher than those of two other clinical phenotypes. Significant correlations were observed between Hb and white blood cell in severe clinical phenotype (r3 = -0.37 *) between Hb and red blood cells in the three phenotypes (r1 = 0.69 * r2 * = 0.69, r3 = 0.83 *), and finally between Hb and reticulocytes in the asymptomatic clinical phenotype and severe clinical phenotype (r1 = -0.50 * r3 = 0.45 *). A significant increase in LDH was observed in patients with leg ulcer, cholelithiasis and aseptic necrosis of the femoral head. Conclusion The increase in serum LDH is accompanied by changes in hematological parameters. In our midst, serum LDH may be considered as an indicator of the severity of the disease.
Collapse
|