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Elnesr SS, Abdel-Razik AH, Abdelsalam AM, Nabil TM, Elwan HAM. Effect of probiotics and humate substances on blood parameters, intestinal development and immune organs of growing quail. Anim Biotechnol 2023; 34:3647-3657. [PMID: 36914984 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2023.2188054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate impacts of dietary probiotics (Bacillus subtilis PB6) and humate substances (HS) supplementation on histomorphometry of small intestine and immune organs, blood parameters of growing quail. A total of 216 unsexed quails (seven days old) were randomly distributed to six groups. The 1st group did not receive any supplements (control), 2nd group received B. subtilis (CloSTAT: 0.5 g/kg diet), 3rd and 4th groups received HS (4 and 8 g/kg diet, respectively), 5th and 6th groups received CloSTAT + 4g HS and CloSTAT + 8g HS, respectively. Results showed that the inclusion of B. subtilis alone in quail diets significantly improved histomorphometry indices of intestine and immune organs compared to the control. Dietary supplementation of HS alone led to deteriorating histomorphometry indices of intestinal segments and immune organs compared to the control. CloSTAT, HS or both improved lipid profile and antioxidant parameters. Serum mineral levels did not differ significantly among groups except for Ca levels. In conclusion, dietary probiotics supplementation enhanced histomorphometry of intestine and immune organs and improved serum Ca, lipid profile and antioxidant indices. Moreover, the addition of HS (4 or 8 g/kg diet) improved lipid profile and antioxidant indices, but led to undesirable results in intestinal development and immune organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaaban S Elnesr
- Department of Poultry Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - A H Abdel-Razik
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Adel M Abdelsalam
- Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Taghreed M Nabil
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Hamada A M Elwan
- Animal and Poultry Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Minia University, El-Minya, Egypt
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Marcinčák S, Semjon B, Marcinčáková D, Reitznerová A, Mudroňová D, Vašková J, Nagy J. Humic Substances as a Feed Supplement and the Benefits of Produced Chicken Meat. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13040927. [PMID: 37109456 PMCID: PMC10146898 DOI: 10.3390/life13040927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Humic substances with a high proportion of humic acids (more than 40%) have been classified by the European Commission as feed materials that can be used in animal nutrition since 2013. A protective effect on the intestinal mucosa, as well as anti-inflammatory, adsorptive and antimicrobial properties, were recorded. Nutrient absorption, nutritional status and the immune response in chickens supplemented with HSs were significantly improved. HSs have the ability to enhance protein digestion as well as the utilization of calcium and trace elements. They are known to improve feed digestibility as a result of maintaining an optimal pH in the gut, leading to lower levels of nitrogen excretion and less odor in the husbandry environment. HSs not only increase digestibility and result in greater utilization of the feed ration but also improve the overall quality of the meat produced. They increase the protein content and reduce the fat content in breast muscles. They also contribute to improving the sensory characteristics of the meat produced. Their antioxidant properties improve the oxidative stability of meat during storage. The influence of HSs on fatty acid composition may be one of the reasons that meat has a more beneficial effect on the health of consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Slavomír Marcinčák
- Department of Food Hygiene, Technology and Safety, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, Komenského 73, 041 81 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Boris Semjon
- Department of Food Hygiene, Technology and Safety, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, Komenského 73, 041 81 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Dana Marcinčáková
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, Komenského 73, 041 81 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Anna Reitznerová
- Department of Food Hygiene, Technology and Safety, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, Komenského 73, 041 81 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Dagmar Mudroňová
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, Komenského 73, 041 81 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Janka Vašková
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, 040 11 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Jozef Nagy
- Department of Food Hygiene, Technology and Safety, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, Komenského 73, 041 81 Košice, Slovakia
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3
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López-García YR, Gómez-Rosales S, Angeles MDL, Jiménez-Severiano H, Merino-Guzman R, Téllez-Isaias G. Effect of the Addition of Humic Substances on Morphometric Analysis and Number of Goblet Cells in the Intestinal Mucosa of Broiler Chickens. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13020212. [PMID: 36670752 PMCID: PMC9855014 DOI: 10.3390/ani13020212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms of action of humic substances (HS) as growth promoters in poultry are unknown. In this study, the productive performance, histology, and number of goblet cells (GC) in the intestinal villi of broilers under steady-state digestive conditions and under abrupt changes in diet with the addition of HS was evaluated. Broilers housed individually were offered three treatments from 14−28 days: 1 = diet with white corn/soybean meal, without growth promoter antibiotics (nonGPA); 2 = with GPA (GPA); and 3 = with 0.3% HS. At day 28, two diets were suddenly introduced: (A) white corn/soybean meal plus dried distillers’ grains with solubles (DDGS); and (B) white/blue corn/soybean meal/DDGS, keeping the three original treatments. Diets A and B were also exchanged on day 37. FCR was lower with GPA and HS compared to nonGPA from 14−38 days (p < 0.05); at day 28, under steady-state digestive conditions, HS had a similar effect to GPA on the histology and GC number in the jejunum villi. The number of GC in the jejunum of HS-fed broilers on days 29 and 38, after diet changes, behaves similarly to that of AGP-fed broilers (p > 0.05). HS appears to strengthen the mucosal protection of the epithelium of the intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yair Román López-García
- Posgrado en Ciencias de la Producción y de la Salud Animal, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Km 1 carretera a Colón, Queretaro 76280, Mexico
| | - Sergio Gómez-Rosales
- Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Fisiología y Mejoramiento Animal, INIFAP, Km 1 carretera a Colón, Queretaro 76280, Mexico
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-44-2362-6725
| | - María de Lourdes Angeles
- Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Fisiología y Mejoramiento Animal, INIFAP, Km 1 carretera a Colón, Queretaro 76280, Mexico
| | - Héctor Jiménez-Severiano
- Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Fisiología y Mejoramiento Animal, INIFAP, Km 1 carretera a Colón, Queretaro 76280, Mexico
| | - Rubén Merino-Guzman
- Departamento de Medicina y Zootecnia de Aves, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de Mexico 04510, Mexico
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Akaichi A, Jebali A, Abbes O, Taieb SH, Feki M, Kaboudi K, Chaouacha-Chekir RB, Benlarbi M, Boudhrioua N. Effect of humic acid and organic acids, alone or in combination, on blood biochemical constituents and humoral immune response in broiler chickens. Livest Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2022.104880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Gómez-Rosales S, Angeles ML, López-Hernández LH, López-Garcia YR, Domínguez-Negrete A. Responses of Broiler Chickens Fed Low or High Non-Starch Polysaccharide Diets and the Addition of Humic Substances from a Worm Compost. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF POULTRY SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2021-1510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Gómez-Rosales
- National Institute of Forestry Agriculture and Livestock Research Ringgold standard institution, Mexico
| | - ML Angeles
- National Institute of Forestry Agriculture and Livestock Research Ringgold standard institution, Mexico
| | - LH López-Hernández
- National Institute of Forestry Agriculture and Livestock Research Ringgold standard institution, Mexico
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Angeles ML, Gómez-Rosales S, López-Garcia YR, Montoya-Franco A. Growth Performance and Tibia Mineralization of Broiler Chickens Supplemented with a Liquid Extract of Humic Substances. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF POULTRY SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2021-1450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- ML Angeles
- National Institute of Research in Forestry, Agriculture and Livestock, Mexico
| | - S Gómez-Rosales
- National Institute of Research in Forestry, Agriculture and Livestock, Mexico
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Domínguez-Negrete A, Gómez-Rosales S, Angeles MDL, López-Hernández LH, Reis de Souza TC, Latorre-Cárdenas JD, Téllez-Isaias G. Addition of Different Levels of Humic Substances Extracted from Worm Compost in Broiler Feeds. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11113199. [PMID: 34827930 PMCID: PMC8614351 DOI: 10.3390/ani11113199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Different sources and inclusion levels of humic substances (HS) have been tested in broiler rations as an alternative to the addition of growth promoter antibiotics (GPA) with promising results. The current study was carried out to assess the influence of HS extracted from worm compost on broiler production parameters, carcass yield, tibia characteristics, lactic acid bacteria (LAB) counts, excretion of Eimeria oocysts, and antioxidant status of breast meat. A total of 1200 broilers were used, housed in groups of 30 per pen, and assigned to five treatments: 1 = basal diet with GPA (positive control), 2 = basal diet without GPA (negative control), 3-5 = basal diet with 0.15, 0.30, and 0.45% HS, respectively. The data was subjected to a variance analysis and orthogonal contrasts. The FI decreased linearly (p < 0.05) from 1-14, 29-42, and 1-42 days as the inclusion of HS in the feed increased. The FCR had quadratic responses (p < 0.01) from 29-42 and 1-42 days concerning the HS inclusion levels. Lactic acid bacteria was higher (p ˂ 0.05) in ten-day-old chicks with 0.45% HS in the diet. The 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity antioxidant potential decreased linearly (p < 0.05) concerning increasing HS in the feed. The results indicate that HS can be used as growth promoters in broiler feeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Domínguez-Negrete
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Autonomous University of Queretaro, Av. de las Ciencias S/N, Juriquilla, Queretaro 76230, Mexico; (A.D.-N.); (T.C.R.d.S.)
| | - Sergio Gómez-Rosales
- National Center of Disciplinary Research in Animal Physiology and Genetics, INIFAP, Km 1 Carretera a Colon Ajuchitlán, Queretaro 76280, Mexico; (M.d.L.A.); (L.H.L.-H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-44-2362-6725
| | - María de Lourdes Angeles
- National Center of Disciplinary Research in Animal Physiology and Genetics, INIFAP, Km 1 Carretera a Colon Ajuchitlán, Queretaro 76280, Mexico; (M.d.L.A.); (L.H.L.-H.)
| | - Luis Humberto López-Hernández
- National Center of Disciplinary Research in Animal Physiology and Genetics, INIFAP, Km 1 Carretera a Colon Ajuchitlán, Queretaro 76280, Mexico; (M.d.L.A.); (L.H.L.-H.)
| | - Tercia Cesaria Reis de Souza
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Autonomous University of Queretaro, Av. de las Ciencias S/N, Juriquilla, Queretaro 76230, Mexico; (A.D.-N.); (T.C.R.d.S.)
| | | | - Guillermo Téllez-Isaias
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA; (J.D.L.-C.); (G.T.-I.)
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Mudroňová D, Karaffová V, Pešulová T, Koščová J, Maruščáková IC, Bartkovský M, Marcinčáková D, Ševčíková Z, Marcinčák S. The effect of humic substances on gut microbiota and immune response of broilers. FOOD AGR IMMUNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/09540105.2019.1707780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- D. Mudroňová
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Košice, Slovakia
| | - V. Karaffová
- Department of Pathological Anatomy and Pathological Physiology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Košice, Slovakia
| | - T. Pešulová
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Košice, Slovakia
| | - J. Koščová
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Košice, Slovakia
| | - I. Cingeľová Maruščáková
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Košice, Slovakia
| | - M. Bartkovský
- Department of Food Hygiene and Technology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Košice, Slovakia
| | - D. Marcinčáková
- Department of Food Hygiene and Technology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Z. Ševčíková
- Department of Pathological Anatomy and Pathological Physiology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Košice, Slovakia
| | - S. Marcinčák
- Department of Food Hygiene and Technology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Košice, Slovakia
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The effect of dietary humic substances on the fattening performance, carcass yield, blood biochemistry parameters and bone mineral profile of broiler chickens. ACTA VET BRNO 2019. [DOI: 10.2754/avb201988030307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Humic substances are currently being considered as a new feed component in replacement of antibiotic growth stimulators to improve growth and health in animals. The aim of our work was to evaluate the effect of the addition of humic substances to the feed at concentrations of 0.8% and 1.0% on the growth parameters, carcass yield, selected blood enzymes, minerals, and the bone quality in broiler chickens. One hundred fifty COBB 500 one-day-old male broiler chicks were randomly divided into one control and two experimental groups (n = 50) with three replications (16, 16 and 17 per pen), and fattened for 35 days. The broilers of the experimental groups (H0.8 and H1.0) were fed commercial feed mixtures with added humic substances (at 8 g·kg-1and 10 g·kg-1). The control group was fed a diet without the addition of humic substances. A slight increase in the final body weight and feed conversion ratio was noted in the experimental groups (P> 0.05). Significantly higher yields of breast and thigh meat (P< 0.05) were recorded for the experimental group H1.0. The blood cholesterol level was lower for both experimental groups. A lower concentration of alkaline-phosphatase was observed in group H1.0. A decrease in aspartate aminotransferase and calcium was recorded for group H0.8. A significantly higher content of calcium and lower content of phosphorus was found in the bones of experimental animals. The 1% addition of humic substances had a positive impact on growth parameters (P> 0.05), improved selected blood indices and increased the calcium content in the bones of broilers (P< 0.05).
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Bennett CE, Thomas R, Williams M, Zalasiewicz J, Edgeworth M, Miller H, Coles B, Foster A, Burton EJ, Marume U. The broiler chicken as a signal of a human reconfigured biosphere. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2018; 5:180325. [PMID: 30662712 PMCID: PMC6304135 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.180325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Changing patterns of human resource use and food consumption have profoundly impacted the Earth's biosphere. Until now, no individual taxa have been suggested as distinct and characteristic new morphospecies representing this change. Here we show that the domestic broiler chicken is one such potential marker. Human-directed changes in breeding, diet and farming practices demonstrate at least a doubling in body size from the late medieval period to the present in domesticated chickens, and an up to fivefold increase in body mass since the mid-twentieth century. Moreover, the skeletal morphology, pathology, bone geochemistry and genetics of modern broilers are demonstrably different to those of their ancestors. Physical and numerical changes to chickens in the second half of the twentieth century, i.e. during the putative Anthropocene Epoch, have been the most dramatic, with large increases in individual bird growth rate and population sizes. Broiler chickens, now unable to survive without human intervention, have a combined mass exceeding that of all other birds on Earth; this novel morphotype symbolizes the unprecedented human reconfiguration of the Earth's biosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carys E. Bennett
- School of Geography, Geology and the Environment, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Richard Thomas
- School of Archaeology and Ancient History, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Mark Williams
- School of Geography, Geology and the Environment, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Jan Zalasiewicz
- School of Geography, Geology and the Environment, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Matt Edgeworth
- School of Archaeology and Ancient History, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Holly Miller
- Department of Classics and Archaeology, University Park, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Ben Coles
- School of Geography, Geology and the Environment, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Alison Foster
- School of Archaeology and Ancient History, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Emily J. Burton
- School of Animal, Rural and Environmental Sciences, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG25 0QF, UK
| | - Upenyu Marume
- School of Agriculture Science, North West University, P Bag X 2046, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa
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Disetlhe ARP, Marume U, Mlambo V, Hugo A. Effects of dietary humic acid and enzymes on meat quality and fatty acid profiles of broiler chickens fed canola-based diets. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2018; 32:711-720. [PMID: 30208685 PMCID: PMC6502717 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.18.0408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Objective This study was conducted to assess the effect of potassium humate and enzymes (Xylanase+Amylase+Protease) inclusion in diets on carcass characteristics, meat quality and fatty acid profiles of broilers fed canola-based diets. Methods Two hundred and twenty broilers randomly allotted to 5 dietary treatments: the control (commercial broiler diet); CM (17.5% canola meal inclusion); CMEnz (17.5% CM inclusion+0.3 g/kg Axtra XAP); CMPh (17.5% CM inclusion+1.5% Potassium Humate, PH); and CMEnzPh (17.5% CM inclusion+1.5% PH+0.3 g/kg Axtra XAP) were slaughtered at day 42 for assessment of carcass and meat quality parameters. Results Diet had no effect on carcass traits apart from breast muscle weight and breast muscle index. The highest breast muscle weight was observed in broilers fed CMEnz (487.6±17.5 g) followed by those fed the control diet (474.37±17.5 g). Diet also had no significant dietary effect on pH, temperature, drip loss and shear force values of the breast muscle. However, diet significantly affected meat colour and water-holding capacity. Broilers in the control and CMPh groups (52.94±0.67 and 52.91±0.67) had the highest (p<0.05) values for lightness (L*), whilst those fed CMEnzPh had the lowest value (47.94±0.67). In contrast, CM group had the lowest (p<0.05) value for redness (a*) with CMEnzPh group having the highest values. The proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), n-6 and n-3 fatty acids and the PUFA/saturated fatty acid ratio were increased in CM-based diets containing enzymes and humic acid. Conclusion It can, therefore, be concluded that CM can be included in broiler diets in the presence of enzymes and humic acid with positive effects on meat quality and important fatty acids that are beneficial to the health of consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amogelang R P Disetlhe
- Department of Animal Sciences, School of Agriculture Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Science and Technology, North West University, P Bag X 2046, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa.,Food Security and Safety Niche area, Faculty of Agriculture, Science and Technology, North West University, P Bag X 2046, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa
| | - Upenyu Marume
- Department of Animal Sciences, School of Agriculture Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Science and Technology, North West University, P Bag X 2046, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa.,Food Security and Safety Niche area, Faculty of Agriculture, Science and Technology, North West University, P Bag X 2046, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa
| | - Victor Mlambo
- Department of Animal Sciences, School of Agriculture Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Science and Technology, North West University, P Bag X 2046, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa.,Food Security and Safety Niche area, Faculty of Agriculture, Science and Technology, North West University, P Bag X 2046, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa
| | - Arno Hugo
- Department of Microbial, Biochemical and Food Biotechnology, University of Free State, P.O. Box 339 Bloemfontein, 9300, South Africa
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