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Zbrun MV, Moreno N, Camussone CM, Signorini ML, Primo ME. Comparison of real-time PCR and nested PCR based on the HlyA gene for the detection of Listeria monocytogenes. Application on cheese samples. Braz J Microbiol 2024; 55:1783-1791. [PMID: 38687417 PMCID: PMC11153442 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-024-01353-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to compare the performance of a nested polymerase chain reaction (nPCR) and a real-time PCR based on the amplification of the HlyA gene from Listeria monocytogenes using a plasmid DNA standard. Nested PCR was developed with an internal amplification control (IAC). Both techniques were validated in soft cheese samples by comparing their results with the results of the microbiological reference method ISO 11290-1:2017. Cheese samples artificially contaminated with 3.5 to 3,500 UFC/25 g were processed by ISO 11290-1:2017 and, at several times of culture, DNA samples were extracted. All cheeses contaminated with L. monocytogenes were positive for the microbiological method 96 h post contamination and for nPCR and real-time PCR 48 h post contamination. At this time, the HlyA gene was amplified in all contaminated samples. Both molecular techniques showed the same sensitivity, 30 copies/reaction or 3.5 UFC/25 g, when plasmid DNA standard or artificially contaminated cheese samples were used. Finally, eighty soft cheese samples obtained from local retail stores and tested by three methods were negative, indicating a 100% concordance in results. The development of an nPCR with IAC reinforces the reliability of the negative results without increasing the costs of the reaction. Besides, nPCR showed less sensitivity to the presence of inhibitory substances in the reaction. The use of one of these molecular techniques could be easily coupled to the microbiological method, serving as a screening method in the food industry for hygiene monitoring and early identification of contaminated foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- María V Zbrun
- Instituto de Investigación de La Cadena Láctea (IdICaL) (INTA- CONICET), Ruta 34 Km 227, (2300), Rafaela, Santa Fe, Argentina
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Litoral National University, Kreder 2805, (3080), Esperanza, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Nadia Moreno
- Faculty of Technology and Innovation for Development, Food Sciences Area, National University of Rafaela (UNRAf), Bv. Roca 989, (2300), Rafaela, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Cecilia M Camussone
- Instituto de Investigación de La Cadena Láctea (IdICaL) (INTA- CONICET), Ruta 34 Km 227, (2300), Rafaela, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Marcelo L Signorini
- Instituto de Investigación de La Cadena Láctea (IdICaL) (INTA- CONICET), Ruta 34 Km 227, (2300), Rafaela, Santa Fe, Argentina
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Litoral National University, Kreder 2805, (3080), Esperanza, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - María E Primo
- Instituto de Investigación de La Cadena Láctea (IdICaL) (INTA- CONICET), Ruta 34 Km 227, Faculty of Technology and Innovation for Development, Food Sciences Area, National University of Rafaela (UNRAf), Bv. Roca 989, (2300), Rafaela, Santa Fe, Argentina.
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Duma MN, Ciupescu LM, Dan SD, Crisan-Reget OL, Tabaran A. Virulence and Antimicrobial Resistance of Listeria monocytogenes Isolated from Ready-to-Eat Food Products in Romania. Microorganisms 2024; 12:954. [PMID: 38792784 PMCID: PMC11123701 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12050954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes) poses a significant threat to food safety due to its ability to cause severe human illness and its resistance to various antibiotics and environmental conditions. This study investigated the prevalence, serotype distribution, virulence gene profiles, and antimicrobial resistance patterns of L. monocytogenes in ready-to-eat (RTE) food products from Romania. A total of 8151 samples were analyzed, including various processed dairy, bovine, poultry, pork, and fish products. Bacterial isolation was conducted using the classical standard method, followed by confirmation through biochemical and molecular testing. Among the isolated strains, serotypes 1/2a, 1/2b, and 1/2c were identified, with a prevalence of 75% for serotype 1/2a. Additionally, virulence genes specific to listeriolysin O (hlyA) and regulatory factor A (prfA) were detected in all isolates. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed varying resistance patterns among the L. monocytogenes strains. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and oxacillin showed the highest prevalence of resistance at 26.92% and 23.07%, respectively. However, all strains remained susceptible to ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, and moxifloxacin. Notably, 23.07% of the isolates exhibited multidrug resistance, with the most common pattern being resistance to oxacillin, penicillin, and tetracycline. Analysis of antimicrobial resistance genes identified tetracycline resistance genes, particularly tet(C), tet(M), and tet(K), in a significant proportion of isolates. The presence of ampC and dfrD genes was also notable, indicating potential mechanisms of resistance. These results emphasize the necessity for ongoing surveillance of L. monocytogenes in RTE foods and emphasize the importance of thorough monitoring of antimicrobial resistance to guide public health strategies within the European Union.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihaela Niculina Duma
- Laboratory of Food Microbiology, Sanitary Veterinary Directorate for Food Safety, 400621 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Laurenţiu Mihai Ciupescu
- The Institute of Hygiene and Veterinary Public, The National Sanitary Veterinary Authority for Food Safety, Campul Mosilor 5, 013701 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Sorin Daniel Dan
- Department of Animal Husbandry and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (S.D.D.); (O.L.C.-R.)
| | - Oana Lucia Crisan-Reget
- Department of Animal Husbandry and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (S.D.D.); (O.L.C.-R.)
| | - Alexandra Tabaran
- Department of Animal Husbandry and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (S.D.D.); (O.L.C.-R.)
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Floris I, Vannuccini A, Ligotti C, Musolino N, Romano A, Viani A, Bianchi DM, Robetto S, Decastelli L. Detection and Characterization of Zoonotic Pathogens in Game Meat Hunted in Northwestern Italy. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:562. [PMID: 38396530 PMCID: PMC10886018 DOI: 10.3390/ani14040562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Wildlife can represent a reservoir of zoonotic pathogens and a public health problem. In the present study, we investigated the spread of zoonotic pathogens (Salmonella spp., Yersinia enterocolitica, Listeria monocytogenes, Shiga-toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC), and hepatitis E virus (HEV)) considering the presence of virulence and antibiotic resistance genes in game meat from animals hunted in northwest Italy. During two hunting seasons (2020 to 2022), samples of liver and/or muscle tissue were collected from chamois (n = 48), roe deer (n = 26), deer (n = 39), and wild boar (n = 35). Conventional microbiology and biomolecular methods were used for the detection, isolation, and characterization of the investigated pathogens. Two L. monocytogenes serotype IIa strains were isolated from wild boar liver; both presented fosfomycin resistance gene and a total of 22 virulence genes were detected and specified in the text. Eight Y. enterocolitica biotype 1A strains were isolated from chamois (2), wild boar (5), and deer (1) liver samples; all showed streptogramin and beta-lactam resistance genes; the virulence genes found were myfA (8/8 strains), ymoA (8/8), invA (8/8), ystB (8/8), and ail (4/8). Our data underscore the potential role of wildlife as a carrier of zoonotic and antibiotic-resistant pathogens in northwest Italy and a food safety risk for game meat consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Floris
- SC Sicurezza e Qualità degli Alimenti, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d’Aosta (IZSPLV), Via Bologna 148, 10154 Turin, Italy; (I.F.); (A.V.); (N.M.); (A.R.); (D.M.B.); (L.D.)
| | - Andrea Vannuccini
- SC Sicurezza e Qualità degli Alimenti, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d’Aosta (IZSPLV), Via Bologna 148, 10154 Turin, Italy; (I.F.); (A.V.); (N.M.); (A.R.); (D.M.B.); (L.D.)
- Posto di Controllo Frontaliero (PCF), Ponte Caracciolo MONTITAL, 16126 Genova, Italy
| | - Carmela Ligotti
- SC Sicurezza e Qualità degli Alimenti, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d’Aosta (IZSPLV), Via Bologna 148, 10154 Turin, Italy; (I.F.); (A.V.); (N.M.); (A.R.); (D.M.B.); (L.D.)
| | - Noemi Musolino
- SC Sicurezza e Qualità degli Alimenti, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d’Aosta (IZSPLV), Via Bologna 148, 10154 Turin, Italy; (I.F.); (A.V.); (N.M.); (A.R.); (D.M.B.); (L.D.)
| | - Angelo Romano
- SC Sicurezza e Qualità degli Alimenti, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d’Aosta (IZSPLV), Via Bologna 148, 10154 Turin, Italy; (I.F.); (A.V.); (N.M.); (A.R.); (D.M.B.); (L.D.)
| | - Annalisa Viani
- National Reference Centre for Wild Animals Diseases (CeRMAS), SC Valle d’Aosta, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d’Aosta (IZSPLV), 11020 Aosta, Italy; (A.V.); (S.R.)
| | - Daniela Manila Bianchi
- SC Sicurezza e Qualità degli Alimenti, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d’Aosta (IZSPLV), Via Bologna 148, 10154 Turin, Italy; (I.F.); (A.V.); (N.M.); (A.R.); (D.M.B.); (L.D.)
| | - Serena Robetto
- National Reference Centre for Wild Animals Diseases (CeRMAS), SC Valle d’Aosta, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d’Aosta (IZSPLV), 11020 Aosta, Italy; (A.V.); (S.R.)
- SS Patologie della Fauna Selvatica, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d’Aosta (IZSPLV), 11020 Aosta, Italy
| | - Lucia Decastelli
- SC Sicurezza e Qualità degli Alimenti, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d’Aosta (IZSPLV), Via Bologna 148, 10154 Turin, Italy; (I.F.); (A.V.); (N.M.); (A.R.); (D.M.B.); (L.D.)
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Ravindhiran R, Sivarajan K, Sekar JN, Murugesan R, Dhandapani K. Listeria monocytogenes an Emerging Pathogen: a Comprehensive Overview on Listeriosis, Virulence Determinants, Detection, and Anti-Listerial Interventions. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2023; 86:2231-2251. [PMID: 37479828 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-023-02269-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes, the third most deleterious zoonotic pathogen, is a major causative agent of animal and human listeriosis, an infection related to the consumption of contaminated food products. Even though, this pathogen has been responsible for the outbreaks of foodborne infections in the early 1980s, the major outbreaks have been reported during the past two decades. Listeriosis infection in the host is a rare but life-threatening disease with major public health and economic implications. Extensive reports on listeriosis outbreaks are associated with milk and milk products, meat and meat products, and fresh produce. This bacterium can adapt to any environmental and stress conditions, making it a prime causative agent for major foodborne diseases. The pathogen could survive an antibiotic treatment and persist in the host cell, thereby escaping the standard diagnostic practices. The current review strives to provide concise information on the epidemiology, serotypes, and pathogenesis of the L. monocytogenes to decipher the knowledge on the endurance of the pathogen inside the host and food products as a vehicle for Listeria contaminations. In addition, various detection methods for Listeria species from food samples and frontline regimens of L. monocytogenes treatment have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramya Ravindhiran
- Department of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Avinashilingam Institute for Home Science and Higher Education for Women, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641043, India
| | - Karthiga Sivarajan
- Department of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Avinashilingam Institute for Home Science and Higher Education for Women, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641043, India
| | - Jothi Nayaki Sekar
- Department of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Avinashilingam Institute for Home Science and Higher Education for Women, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641043, India
| | - Rajeswari Murugesan
- Department of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Avinashilingam Institute for Home Science and Higher Education for Women, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641043, India
| | - Kavitha Dhandapani
- Department of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Avinashilingam Institute for Home Science and Higher Education for Women, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641043, India.
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Azinheiro S, Rodríguez-López P, Lozano-León A, Guedes H, Regal P, Franco CM, Cepeda A, Teixeira P, Melo LD, Silva D, Fernández A, Faria M, Roumani F, Herrera J, Prado M, López-Cabo M, Garrido-Maestu A. Interlaboratory validation of a multiplex qPCR method for the detection of Listeria monocytogenes in a ready-to-eat seafood product. Food Control 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2023.109769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
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Strain R, Tran TT, Mills S, Stanton C, Ross RP. A pilot study of dietary fibres on pathogen growth in an ex vivo colonic model reveals their potential ability to limit vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus expansion. MICROBIOME RESEARCH REPORTS 2023; 2:22. [PMID: 38046819 PMCID: PMC10688796 DOI: 10.20517/mrr.2022.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Aim: Dietary fibre is important for shaping gut microbiota. The aim of this pilot study was to investigate the impact of dietary fibres on pathogen performance in the presence of gut microbiota. Methods: In an ex vivo gut model, pooled faecal samples were spiked with a cocktail of representative gastrointestinal pathogens and fermented with yeast β-glucan for 24 hours, after which 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing and short-chain and branched-chain fatty acid (SCFA and BCFA) analyses were performed. In addition, oat β-glucan, arabinoxylan, yeast β-glucan, and galactooligosaccharides were each tested against individual representative pathogens and pathogen growth was assessed via qPCR. Glucose served as a control carbon source. Results: Based on 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing, yeast β-glucan selected for higher proportions of Bacteroides (P = 0.0005, ~6 fold) and Clostridia (P = 0.005, ~3.6 fold) while species of Escherichia/Shigella (P = 0.021, ~2.8 fold) and Lactobacillus (P = 0.007, ~ 15.7-fold) were higher in glucose. Pathogen relative abundance did not differ between glucose and yeast β-glucan. In the absence of pathogens, higher production of BCFAs (P = 0.002) and SCFAs (P = 0.002) fatty acids was observed for fibre group(s). For individual pathogens, yeast β-glucan increased growth of Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, and Listeria monocytogenes (P < 0.05), arabinoxylan increased S. typhimurium (P < 0.05). Tested fibres decreased vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (P < 0.05), with yeast β-glucan causing a 1-log reduction (P < 0.01), while galactooligosaccharides decreased L. monocytogenes (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Tested fibres differentially influenced the growth of pathogens, but yeast β-glucan could represent a dietary strategy to help limit vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) expansion in the gut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronan Strain
- Food Biosciences Department, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork P61C996, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Co. Cork T12YT20, Ireland
| | - Tam T.T. Tran
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Co. Cork T12YT20, Ireland
| | - Susan Mills
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Co. Cork T12YT20, Ireland
| | - Catherine Stanton
- Food Biosciences Department, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork P61C996, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Co. Cork T12YT20, Ireland
| | - R. Paul Ross
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Co. Cork T12YT20, Ireland
- Microbiology Department, University College Cork, Co. Cork T12TP07, Ireland
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7
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Obaidat MM, AlShehabat IA. High multidrug resistance of Listeria monocytogenes and association with water sources in sheep and goat dairy flocks in Jordan. Prev Vet Med 2023; 215:105922. [PMID: 37084631 DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2023.105922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is a significant pathogen that causes listeriosis in humans and small ruminants. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence, antimicrobial resistance and risk factors of L. monocytogenes in small dairy ruminants in Jordan. A total of 948 milk samples were collected from 155 sheep and goat flocks across Jordan. L. monocytogenes was isolated from the samples, confirmed and tested for 13 clinically important antimicrobials. Data were also collected on the husbandry practices to identify risk factors for the presence of L. monocytogenes. The results showed that the flock-level prevalence of L. monocytogenes was 20.0% (95% CI; 14.46%-26.99%) and the prevalence in the individual milk samples was 6.43% (95% CI; 4.92%-8.36%). The univariable (UOR=2.65, p = 0.021) and multivariable (AOR=2.49, p = 0.028) analyses showed that using water from municipality pipelines as a water source in the flock reduced L. monocytogenes prevalence. All L. monocytogenes isolates were resistant to at least one antimicrobial. High percentages of the isolates were resistant to ampicillin (83.6%), streptomycin (79.3%), kanamycin (75.0%), quinupristin/dalfopristin (63.8%) and clindamycin (61.2%). About 83.6% of the isolates (94.2% and 75% of the sheep and goat isolates) exhibited multidrug resistance (resistance to ≥3 antimicrobial classes). In addition, the isolates exhibited fifty unique antimicrobial resistance profiles. Thus, it's recommended to restrict the misuse of clinically important antimicrobials and to chlorinate and monitor the water sources in sheep and goat flocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad M Obaidat
- Department of Vet. Pathol.and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Ar-Ramtha, Irbid, Jordan.
| | - Issa A AlShehabat
- Department of Vet. Pathol.and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Ar-Ramtha, Irbid, Jordan
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Maciel C, Silva NFD, Teixeira P, Magalhães JMCS. Development of a Novel Phagomagnetic-Assisted Isothermal DNA Amplification System for Endpoint Electrochemical Detection of Listeria monocytogenes. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:bios13040464. [PMID: 37185539 PMCID: PMC10136355 DOI: 10.3390/bios13040464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The hitherto implemented Listeria monocytogenes detection techniques are cumbersome or require expensive non-portable instrumentation, hindering their transposition into on-time surveillance systems. The current work proposes a novel integrated system resorting to loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), assisted by a bacteriophage P100-magnetic platform, coupled to an endpoint electrochemical technique, towards L. monocytogenes expeditious detection. Molybdophosphate-based optimization of the bacterial phagomagnetic separation protocol allowed the determination of the optimal parameters for its execution (pH 7, 25 °C, 32 µg of magnetic particles; 60.6% of specific capture efficiency). The novel LAMP method targeting prfA was highly specific, accomplishing 100% inclusivity (for 61 L. monocytogenes strains) and 100% exclusivity (towards 42 non-target Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria). As a proof-of-concept, the developed scheme was successfully validated in pasteurized milk spiked with L. monocytogenes. The phagomagnetic-based approach succeeded in the selective bacterial capture and ensuing lysis, triggering Listeria DNA leakage, which was efficiently LAMP amplified. Methylene blue-based electrochemical detection of LAMP amplicons was accomplished in 20 min with remarkable analytical sensitivity (1 CFU mL-1). Hence, the combined system presented an outstanding performance and robustness, providing a 2.5 h-swift, portable, cost-efficient detection scheme for decentralized on-field application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cláudia Maciel
- Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, CBQF-Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
| | - Nádia F D Silva
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Paula Teixeira
- Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, CBQF-Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
| | - Júlia M C S Magalhães
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
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9
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Kalinin EV, Chalenko YM, Kezimana P, Stanishevskyi YM, Ermolaeva SA. Combination of growth conditions and InlB-specific dot-immunoassay for rapid detection of Listeria monocytogenes in raw milk. J Dairy Sci 2023; 106:1638-1649. [PMID: 36710191 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2022-21997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The gram-positive bacterium Listeria monocytogenes is an important foodborne pathogen contaminating dairy products. Closely related to L. monocytogenes saprophytic Listeria spp. are also frequent contaminators of food and, particularly, dairy products. To distinguish L. monocytogenes from nonpathogenic Listeria spp. and other bacteria, a dot-immunoassay was developed. The immunoassay is based on the polyclonal antibody to the secreted form of the surface virulence-associated L. monocytogenes-specific InlB protein. To increase InlB production, bacteria were grown on the brain-heart infusion agar supplemented with 0.2% activated charcoal (BHIC agar). Direct plating of artificially contaminated raw milk samples on the BHIC agar followed by the dot-immunoassay allowed a rapid identification of L. monocytogenes in concentrations as little as 10 cfu/mL. Using the developed approach, preliminary results were obtained within 14 h, and the final results were obtained after 26 h. The dot-immunoassay was tested on L. monocytogenes strains belonging to different clonal complexes and phylogenetic lineages, Listeria spp., and other bacterial species. Results showed the exceptional specificity of the developed dot-immunoassay for the rapid identification of L. monocytogenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Egor V Kalinin
- Laboratory of Ecology of Pathogenic Bacteria, Gamaleya Research Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology, 123098 Moscow, Russia; Institutue of Biochemical Technology and Nanotechnology, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 117198 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Yaroslava M Chalenko
- Laboratory of Ecology of Pathogenic Bacteria, Gamaleya Research Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology, 123098 Moscow, Russia
| | - Parfait Kezimana
- Institutue of Biochemical Technology and Nanotechnology, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 117198 Moscow, Russia
| | - Yaroslav M Stanishevskyi
- Institutue of Biochemical Technology and Nanotechnology, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 117198 Moscow, Russia
| | - Svetlana A Ermolaeva
- Laboratory of Ecology of Pathogenic Bacteria, Gamaleya Research Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology, 123098 Moscow, Russia.
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Retrospective Molecular Survey on Bacterial and Protozoan Abortive Agents in Roe Deer (Capreolus capreolus) from Central Italy. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12223202. [PMID: 36428429 PMCID: PMC9686506 DOI: 10.3390/ani12223202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial and protozoan agents can determine abortion and other reproductive disorders in domestic ruminants, but data regarding their occurrence in wild ruminants are scanty worldwide, including in Italy. The aim of this retrospective study was to verify the occurrence of the main bacterial and protozoan abortive agents in 72 spleen samples previously collected from roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) living in mountain areas of Central Italy. All samples were collected and submitted to DNA extraction for other investigations. Molecular analyses were carried out on the DNA samples to detect Brucella spp., Chlamydia abortus, Coxiella burnetii, Salmonella enterica, Listeria monocytogenes, Neospora caninum, and Toxoplasma gondii. Three (4.16%) roe deer resulted PCR positive for C. burnetii and one (1.38%) for T. gondii. These findings suggest that roe deer living in the investigated areas do not act as important reservoirs of the searched agents. However, the tested animals lived in a closed area without contact with domestic animals that are usually involved in the epidemiology of the investigated pathogens. Monitoring of wild ruminants is pivotal to verify changes in the epidemiological scenario from a One Health perspective, too.
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11
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Azinheiro S, Roumani F, Costa-Ribeiro A, Prado M, Garrido-Maestu A. Application of MinION sequencing as a tool for the rapid detection and characterization of Listeria monocytogenes in smoked salmon. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:931810. [PMID: 36033887 PMCID: PMC9399719 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.931810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial pathogens may be present in different types of foods, and hence the development of novel methods to assure consumers' safeness is of great interest. Molecular methods are known to provide sensitive and rapid results; however, they are typically targeted approaches. In recent years, the advent of non-targeted approaches based on next-generation sequencing (NGS) has emerged as a rational way to proceed. This technology allows for the detection of several pathogens simultaneously. Furthermore, with the same set of data, it is possible to characterize the microorganisms in terms of serotype, virulence, and/ or resistance genes, among other molecular features. In the current study, a novel method for the detection of Listeria monocytogenes based on the "quasimetagenomics" approach was developed. Different enrichment media and immunomagnetic separation (IMS) strategies were compared to determine the best approach in terms of L. monocytogenes sequences generated from smoked salmon samples. Finally, the data generated were analyzed with a user-friendly workflow that simultaneously provided the species identification, serotype, and antimicrobial resistance genes. The new method was thoroughly evaluated against a culture-based approach, using smoked salmon inoculated with L. monocytogenes as the matrix of choice. The sequencing method reached a very low limit of detection (LOD50, 1.2 CFU/ 25 g) along with high diagnostic sensitivity and specificity (100%), and a perfect correlation with the culture-based method (Cohen's k = 1.00). Overall, the proposed method overcomes all the major limitations reported for the implementation of NGS as a routine food testing technology and paves the way for future developments taking its advantage into consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Azinheiro
- Food Quality and Safety Research Group, International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Braga, Portugal
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain
| | - Foteini Roumani
- Food Quality and Safety Research Group, International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Braga, Portugal
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain
| | - Ana Costa-Ribeiro
- Food Quality and Safety Research Group, International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Braga, Portugal
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Immunology, University of Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - Marta Prado
- Food Quality and Safety Research Group, International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Braga, Portugal
| | - Alejandro Garrido-Maestu
- Food Quality and Safety Research Group, International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Braga, Portugal
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12
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Rapid Same-Day Detection of Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella spp., and Escherichia coli O157 by Colorimetric LAMP in Dairy Products. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-022-02345-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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13
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Azinheiro S, Ghimire D, Carvalho J, Prado M, Garrido-Maestu A. Next-day detection of viable Listeria monocytogenes by multiplex reverse transcriptase real-time PCR. Food Control 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2021.108593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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14
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Azinheiro S, Carvalho J, Fuciños P, Pastrana L, Prado M, Garrido-Maestu A. Short pre-enrichment and modified matrix lysis. A comparative study towards same-day detection of Listeria monocytogenes. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.112900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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15
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Maćkiw E, Korsak D, Kowalska J, Felix B, Stasiak M, Kucharek K, Antoszewska A, Postupolski J. Genetic diversity of Listeria monocytogenes isolated from ready-to-eat food products in retail in Poland. Int J Food Microbiol 2021; 358:109397. [PMID: 34536853 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2021.109397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The study describes the characterization of Listeria monocytogenes isolated from the general 2017-2019 national official control and monitoring sampling program. A total of 60,928 of ready-to-eat (RTE) food products were collected in retail in Poland, while the number of L. monocytogenes contaminated samples was 67 (0.1%). The majority of the strains belonged to molecular serotype IVb followed by IIa, frequently associated with human listeriosis. Furthermore, 61.2% of the isolates were resistant at least to one of the tested antimicrobials: penicillin, ampicillin, meropenem, erythromycin, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, ciprofloxacin, chloramphenicol, gentamicin, vancomycin, tetracycline and rifampicin. Virulence genes inlA, inlC, inlJ and lmo2672 were detected in all of the isolates. In our study the llsX gene (encoding LLS) exhibited 11.6% positivity. The 32 strains were grouped into 12 clonal complexes (CCs) which belong to the major clones that are in circulation in Europe. Among them, seven strains with the cgMLST close relatedness (CC2) were isolated from diverse food sectors, underlining a large circulation of this clone in Poland, most likely from multiple introduction sources. Additionally, two RTE strains CC6 and one CC37 were identified as closely related by cgMLST to two publicly available genomes of clinical strains isolated in Poland in 2012-2013. These results indicate the large strain circulation and point to RTE food products as a potential source of human listeriosis. The present study provided data to capture the contamination status of L. monocytogenes in foods at the retail level in Poland and assess the potential risk of this pathogen for human safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elżbieta Maćkiw
- Department of Food Safety, National Institute of Public Health NIH - National Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Dorota Korsak
- Department of Food Safety, National Institute of Public Health NIH - National Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Kowalska
- Department of Food Safety, National Institute of Public Health NIH - National Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Benjamin Felix
- European Union Reference Laboratory for L. monocytogenes, ANSES, Laboratory for Food Safety, University of Paris-Est, 94700 Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Monika Stasiak
- Department of Food Safety, National Institute of Public Health NIH - National Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kucharek
- Department of Food Safety, National Institute of Public Health NIH - National Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Antoszewska
- Department of Food Safety, National Institute of Public Health NIH - National Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jacek Postupolski
- Department of Food Safety, National Institute of Public Health NIH - National Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland
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16
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Agostinho Davanzo EF, dos Santos RL, Castro VHDL, Palma JM, Pribul BR, Dallago BSL, Fuga B, Medeiros M, Titze de Almeida SS, da Costa HMB, Rodrigues DDP, Lincopan N, Perecmanis S, Santana AP. Molecular characterization of Salmonella spp. and Listeria monocytogenes strains from biofilms in cattle and poultry slaughterhouses located in the federal District and State of Goiás, Brazil. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0259687. [PMID: 34767604 PMCID: PMC8589217 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella spp. are considered important foodborne pathogens that are commonly associated with foods of animal origin. The aim of this study was to perform molecular characterization of L. monocytogenes and Salmonella spp. isolated from biofilms of cattle and poultry slaughterhouses located in the Federal District and State of Goiás, Brazil. Fourteen L. monocytogenes isolates and one Salmonella sp. were detected in poultry slaughterhouses. No isolates were detected in cattle slaughterhouses. All L. monocytogenes isolates belonged to lineage II, and 11 different pulsotypes were detected. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis revealed the dissemination of two strains within one plant, in addition to the regional dissemination of one of them. The Salmonella isolate was identified via whole genome sequencing as Salmonella enterica serovar Minnesota ST548. In the sequence analysis, no premature stop codons were detected in the inlA gene of Listeria. All isolates demonstrated the ability to adhere to Caco-2 cells, while 50% were capable of invading them. Antimicrobial resistance was detected in 57.1% of the L. monocytogenes isolates, and resistance to sulfonamide was the most common feature. The tetC, ermB, and tetM genes were detected, and four isolates were classified as multidrug-resistant. Salmonella sp. was resistant to nine antimicrobials and was classified as multidrug-resistant. Resistance genes qnrB19, blaCMY-2, aac(6')-Iaa, sul2, and tetA, and a mutation in the parC gene were detected. The majority (78.5%) of the L. monocytogenes isolates were capable of forming biofilms after incubation at 37°C for 24 h, and 64.3% were capable of forming biofilms after incubation at 12°C for 168 h. There was no statistical difference in the biofilm-forming capacity under the different evaluated conditions. Salmonella sp. was capable of forming biofilms at both tested temperatures. Biofilm characterization was confirmed by collecting the samples consistently, at the same sampling points, and by assessing biofilm formation in vitro. These results highlight the potential risk of cross-contamination in poultry slaughterhouses and the importance of surveillance and pathogen control maintenance programs within the meat production industry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Joana Marchesini Palma
- Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, University of Brasília (UnB), Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Bruno Rocha Pribul
- National Reference Laboratory for Bacterial Enteric Infections, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Bruna Fuga
- Laboratory of Bacterial Resistance and Therapeutic Alternatives, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Margareti Medeiros
- Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, University of Brasília (UnB), Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | | | | | - Dália dos Prazeres Rodrigues
- National Reference Laboratory for Bacterial Enteric Infections, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Nilton Lincopan
- Laboratory of Bacterial Resistance and Therapeutic Alternatives, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Simone Perecmanis
- Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, University of Brasília (UnB), Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Angela Patrícia Santana
- Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, University of Brasília (UnB), Brasília, DF, Brazil
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17
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Roumani F, Azinheiro S, Carvalho J, Prado M, Garrido-Maestu A. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification combined with immunomagnetic separation and propidium monoazide for the specific detection of viable Listeria monocytogenes in milk products, with an internal amplification control. Food Control 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2021.107975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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18
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Esposito C, Cardillo L, Borriello G, Ascione G, Valvini O, Galiero G, Fusco G. First Detection of Listeria monocytogenes in a Buffalo Aborted Foetus in Campania Region (Southern Italy). Front Vet Sci 2021; 7:571654. [PMID: 33644140 PMCID: PMC7902923 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.571654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes (LM) is the causative agent of listeriosis in both animals and humans, representing one of the most severe food-borne diseases in humans. Out of 13 serotypes, only three (i.e., 1/2a, 1/2b, and 4b) are responsible for 95% of human outbreaks of listeriosis. Ruminants have been hypothesised to represent the main natural reservoir for this pathogen and to be involved in the transmission of Listeria to humans. During pregnancy, listeriosis in ruminants cause various reproductive disorders as well as abortion. However, little is known about abortion due to LM in water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis). In this study, we report for the first time the detection of LM in a water buffalo foetus in the region of Campania, Italy. Complete necropsy was performed, and samples and swabs from the abomasum, kidneys, liver, lungs, and spleen were collected. Microbiological and molecular analyses were carried out to detect bacterial, viral, and protozoarian abortive pathogens. The results revealed the presence of LM in the liver, lungs, and abomasum, and no other agent was detected. Isolation was confirmed by biochemical and molecular tests. Molecular serotype characterisation was performed, and serogroup IVb was identified. In conclusion, because of the zoonotic implications of our findings, this report highlights the importance of including LM in the diagnostic panel in cases of bubaline abortion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Esposito
- Unit of Virology, Department of Animal Health, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Naples, Italy
| | - Lorena Cardillo
- Unit of Virology, Department of Animal Health, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Naples, Italy
| | - Giorgia Borriello
- Unit of Applied Biotechnologies and Bioinformatics, Department of Animal Health, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Naples, Italy
| | - Grazia Ascione
- Unit of Special Diagnostics and Fish Pathology, Department of Animal Health, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Naples, Italy
| | - Ornella Valvini
- Unit of Special Diagnostics and Fish Pathology, Department of Animal Health, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Naples, Italy
| | - Giorgio Galiero
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Scientific Director, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanna Fusco
- Unit of Virology, Department of Animal Health, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Naples, Italy
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19
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Prevalence, Virulence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Salmonella spp., Yersinia enterocolitica and Listeria monocytogenes in European Wild Boar ( Sus scrofa) Hunted in Tuscany (Central Italy). Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10020093. [PMID: 33498307 PMCID: PMC7909251 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10020093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Wild boar is an animal the population of which constantly increases in Europe. This animal plays an important role as a reservoir for several pathogens, including three of the most important zoonoses: salmonellosis, yersiniosis and listeriosis. The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the occurrence of antimicrobial-resistant and virulence factor genes of Salmonella spp., Yersinia enterocolitica and Listeria monocytogenes isolated from wild boar in Tuscany (Central Italy). During two consequent hunting seasons (2018/2019 and 2019/2020), rectal swabs, spleens and livers were collected from 287 hunted wild boar to isolate strains. Each isolate was tested to investigate its antimicrobial resistance and to detect virulence factor genes by PCR. Eighteen Salmonella strains (6.27%) were isolated. Of these, 66.7% were resistant to streptomycin, 13.4% to cephalothin, 6.67% to imipenem and one isolate (6.67%) was resistant simultaneously to five antimicrobials. Moreover, the most detected genes were sopE (73.4%), pipB (66.7%), sodCI (53.3%), spvR and spvC (46.7%). In total, 54 (17.8%) Yersinia enterocolitica were isolated; of them, 26 (48.1%), 9 (16.7%), 17 (31.5%), 1 (1.85%) and 1 (1.85%) belonged to biotypes 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, respectively. All strains (100%) demonstrated resistance to cephalothin and 70.4% to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, 55.6% to ampicillin, and 37.0% to cefoxitin. Additionally, the most detected genes were ystA (25.9%), inv (24.1%), ail (22.2%), ystB (18.5%) and virF (14.8%). Finally, only one Listeriamonocytogenes isolate (0.35%) was obtained, belonging to serogroup IVb, serovar 4b, and it was found to be resistant to cefoxitin, cefotaxime and nalidixic acid. The results highlighted the role of wild boar as a carrier for pathogenic and antimicrobial-resistant Salmonella spp., Yersinia enterocolitica and Listeria monocytogens, representing a possible reservoir for domestic animals and human pathogens.
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20
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Abstract
For assessing isolates of Listeria monocytogenes, serotype designation is the first subtyping method used. Methodologies used to assign serotype are currently evolving and will eventually be replaced with whole genome sequencing. Traditionally, serotyping has been done with agglutination reactions; however, alternative methods utilizing enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) are common. Described here are the three non-genomic methods and the advantages and disadvantages of each.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Gorski
- Produce Safety and Microbiology Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Albany, CA, USA.
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21
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Maćkiw E, Korsak D, Kowalska J, Felix B, Stasiak M, Kucharek K, Postupolski J. Incidence and genetic variability of Listeria monocytogenes isolated from vegetables in Poland. Int J Food Microbiol 2020; 339:109023. [PMID: 33341686 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2020.109023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study is to investigate the prevalence and genetic diversity of Listeria monocytogenes in various fresh and frozen vegetable products available in Poland. The samples were collected at retail market within the framework of national official control and monitoring program. In the years 2016-2019 a total of 49 samples out of 8712 collected vegetable samples were positive for L. monocytogenes. Our findings demonstrated that the occurrence of L. monocytogenes in various vegetable products was generally low, on average only 0.56% in the studied years. All isolates were susceptible to 11 antimicrobial agents: penicillin, ampicillin, meropenem, erythromycin, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, ciprofloxacin, chloramphenicol, gentamicin, vancomycin, and tetracycline. All of them harbored virulence-associated genes (inlA, inlC, and lmo2672), 82% harbored inlJ gene and few of them (22%) also possessed the llsX gene. The majority of collected isolates (65%) belonged to molecular serogroup 1/2a-3a, followed by 4ab-4b-4d-4e (33%), and only one to serogroup 1/2b-3b-7 (2%). Isolates yielded 18 different restriction profiles, revealing a large cluster of contamination linked to frozen corn (21 strains) and distributed in 3 pulsotypes. MLST analysis classified selected isolates into nine clonal complexes (CCs). The obtained results contribute to characterizing the diversity of L. monocytogenes isolated from various vegetable products in Poland and their impact on food safety and public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elżbieta Maćkiw
- Department of Food Safety, National Institute of Public Health - National Institute of Hygiene, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Dorota Korsak
- Department of Food Safety, National Institute of Public Health - National Institute of Hygiene, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Kowalska
- Department of Food Safety, National Institute of Public Health - National Institute of Hygiene, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Benjamin Felix
- European Union Reference Laboratory for L. monocytogenes, ANSES, Laboratory for Food Safety, University of Paris-Est, 94700 Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Monika Stasiak
- Department of Food Safety, National Institute of Public Health - National Institute of Hygiene, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kucharek
- Department of Food Safety, National Institute of Public Health - National Institute of Hygiene, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jacek Postupolski
- Department of Food Safety, National Institute of Public Health - National Institute of Hygiene, Warsaw, Poland
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22
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Zhang X, Ling L, Li Z, Wang J. Mining Listeria monocytogenes single nucleotide polymorphism sites to identify the major serotypes using allele-specific multiplex PCR. Int J Food Microbiol 2020; 335:108885. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2020.108885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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23
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Application of Recombinase Polymerase Amplification with Lateral Flow for a Naked-Eye Detection of Listeria monocytogenes on Food Processing Surfaces. Foods 2020; 9:foods9091249. [PMID: 32906705 PMCID: PMC7555525 DOI: 10.3390/foods9091249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The continuous contamination of foods with L. monocytogenes, highlights the need for additional controls in the food industry. The verification of food processing plants is key to avoid cross-contaminations, and to assure the safety of the food products. In this study, a new methodology for the detection of L. monocytogenes on food contact surfaces was developed and evaluated. It combines Recombinase Polymerase Amplification (RPA) with the lateral flow (LF) naked-eye detection. Different approaches for the recovery of the bacteria from the surface, the enrichment step and downstream analysis by RPA-LF were tested and optimized. The results were compared with a standard culture-based technique and qPCR analysis. Sampling procedure with sponges was more efficient for the recovery of the bacteria than a regular swab. A 24 h enrichment in ONE broth was needed for the most sensitive detection of the pathogen. By RPA-LF, it was possible to detect 1.1 pg/µL of pure L. monocytogenes DNA, and the complete methodology reached a LoD50 of 4.2 CFU/cm2 and LoD95 of 18.2 CFU/cm2. These results are comparable with the culture-based methodology and qPCR. The developed approach allows for a next-day detection without complex equipment and a naked-eye visualization of the results.
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24
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Garrido-Maestu A, Azinheiro S, Fuciños P, Carvalho J, Prado M. Comparative study of multiplex real-time recombinase polymerase amplification and ISO 11290-1 methods for the detection of Listeria monocytogenes in dairy products. Food Microbiol 2020; 92:103570. [PMID: 32950155 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2020.103570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Dairy products have been implicated in foodborne infections caused by different bacterial pathogens. Among them, Listeria monocytogenes is of particular concern due to its ubiquity, resistance to sanitation processes and high mortality rates resulting from infection. These issues make the development of novel methods for the rapid detection of this bacterium of high interest. The evaluation of a novel multiplex real-time Recombinase Polymerase Amplification method including an internal amplification control is reported in the present work. The method performance was compared to that of the European reference method (ISO 11290-1) for the detection of the species in samples from 40 commercial products, including 14 UHT milk samples, 16 hard cheese samples, 6 infant dairy preparation samples and 4 fresh cheese samples. A limit of detection below 10 cfu/25 g or mL sample was achieved, and values higher than 90% were obtained for relative sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive and negative predictive values and the index (kappa) of concordance. Analysis was achieved within one working day, compared to the six days required using the ISO method. Moreover, slight modification of the ISO 11290-1 method to include secondary enrichment in half Fraser broth resulted in the confirmation of all positive samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Garrido-Maestu
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Av. Mestre José Veiga s/n, 4715-330, Braga, Portugal.
| | - Sarah Azinheiro
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Av. Mestre José Veiga s/n, 4715-330, Braga, Portugal
| | - Pablo Fuciños
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Av. Mestre José Veiga s/n, 4715-330, Braga, Portugal
| | - Joana Carvalho
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Av. Mestre José Veiga s/n, 4715-330, Braga, Portugal
| | - Marta Prado
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Av. Mestre José Veiga s/n, 4715-330, Braga, Portugal
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25
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Maćkiw E, Stasiak M, Kowalska J, Kucharek K, Korsak D, Postupolski J. Occurrence and Characteristics of Listeria monocytogenes in Ready-to-Eat Meat Products in Poland. J Food Prot 2020; 83:1002-1009. [PMID: 32045003 DOI: 10.4315/jfp-19-525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Listeria monocytogenes is a potential hazard for food safety and therefore for public health. The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence and characteristics of L. monocytogenes in Polish ready-to-eat (RTE) meat products for retail sale. Among the 184,439 food samples collected within the framework of a national official control and monitoring program, only 0.3% were positive for L. monocytogenes. A significant group of products that did not meet the criteria were RTE meat products. This group accounted for 40% of all noncompliant samples. Seventy L. monocytogenes isolates from these RTE meat products (meat, sausages, and delicatessen products with meat) were examined. The majority of the tested isolates (51%) belonged to serogroup 1/2a-3a followed by 1/2c-3c (21%), 1/2b-3b-7 (14%), and 4ab-4b-4d-4e (13%). Serogroup 4a-4c was not present among the tested isolates. All L. monocytogenes isolates harbored the virulence-associated genes inlA, inlC, inlJ, and lmo2672. The llsX marker was detected in 12 (17%) of the 70 isolates. Ampicillin resistance was the most common resistance phenotype and was identified in 83% of the L. monocytogenes isolates. A low incidence of resistance to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (6% of isolates) was also detected. All L. monocytogenes isolates were susceptible to chloramphenicol, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, meropenem, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, tetracycline, and erythromycin. This work provides useful information regarding contamination of RTE meat products with L. monocytogenes, which may have implications for food safety risks. HIGHLIGHTS
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Affiliation(s)
- Elżbieta Maćkiw
- Department of Food Safety, National Institute of Public Health-National Institute of Hygiene, 24 Chocimska Str., 00-791 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Monika Stasiak
- Department of Food Safety, National Institute of Public Health-National Institute of Hygiene, 24 Chocimska Str., 00-791 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Kowalska
- Department of Food Safety, National Institute of Public Health-National Institute of Hygiene, 24 Chocimska Str., 00-791 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kucharek
- Department of Food Safety, National Institute of Public Health-National Institute of Hygiene, 24 Chocimska Str., 00-791 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dorota Korsak
- Department of Food Safety, National Institute of Public Health-National Institute of Hygiene, 24 Chocimska Str., 00-791 Warsaw, Poland.,Department of Applied Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 1 Miecznikowa Str., 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jacek Postupolski
- Department of Food Safety, National Institute of Public Health-National Institute of Hygiene, 24 Chocimska Str., 00-791 Warsaw, Poland
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Obaidat MM. Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella enterica and Escherichia coli O157:H7 in imported beef cattle in Jordan. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2020; 70:101447. [PMID: 32105836 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2020.101447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
This study characterized Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella enterica, and E. coli O157:H7 by collecting rectoanal mucosal swabs and fecal samples from 518 imported beef cattle at Jordan's major abattoir. A unique 53 L. monocytogenes, 287 S. enterica, and 17 E. coli O157:H7 were isolated from 37, 120 and 9 different animals; respectively. The prevalence of S. enterica, L. monocytogenes and E. coli O157:H7 were 23.2 % (95 % CI, 19.7-27.0 %), 7.1 % (95 % CI, 5.2-9.7 %) and 1.7 % (95 % CI, 0.9-3.3 %); respectively. All L. monocytogenes, all E. coli O157:H7 and 93.0 % of S. enterica isolates resisted at least one antimicrobial class. All L. monocytogenes, 94.1 % of E. coli O157:H7 and 69.7 % of S. enterica isolates exhibited multidrug resistance (resistant to ≥3 antimicrobials classes). Moreover, high percentages of L. monocytogenes (98.1 %), E. coli O157:H7 (64.7 %) and S. enterica (45.3 %) isolates resisted ≥5 antimicrobial classes. More than 90 % of the L. monocytogenes isolates resisted ampicillin, penicillin and erythromycin and more than 75 % resisted vancomycin. S. enterica isolates resisted several treatment-of-choice antimicrobials such as nalidixic acid (85.4 %), ciprofloxacin (26.8 %) and ceftriaxone (19.5 %). Furthermore, greater than 50 % of the E. coli O157:H7 isolates resisted streptomycin, nalidixic acid, tetracycline, ampicillin, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, kanamycin, chloramphenicol and ciprofloxacin. The high prevalence and the high resistance percentages of the studied pathogens toward clinically important antimicrobials is alarming. Thus, applying strict sanitation procedures at the abattoirs in Jordan is crucial to lower the risk of carcasses contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad M Obaidat
- Department of Veterinary Pathology and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.
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Obaidat MM, Stringer AP. Prevalence, molecular characterization, and antimicrobial resistance profiles of Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella enterica, and Escherichia coli O157:H7 on dairy cattle farms in Jordan. J Dairy Sci 2019; 102:8710-8720. [PMID: 31351714 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2019-16461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This study determined the prevalence, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis profiles, and antimicrobial resistance profile of Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella enterica, and Escherichia coli O157:H7 isolates from dairy cattle farms in Jordan. Samples from bulk tank milk (n = 305), cattle feces (n = 610), and rectoanal mucosal swabs (n = 610) were collected from 61 dairy cattle farms. We confirmed 32 L. monocytogenes, 28 S. enterica, and 24 E. coli O157:H7 isolates from the samples. The farm-level prevalence (at least 1 positive sample per farm) of L. monocytogenes, S. enterica, and E. coli O157:H7 was 27.9, 19.7, and 23.0%, respectively. The prevalence of L. monocytogenes, S. enterica, and E. coli O157:H7 in bulk tank milk was 7.5, 1.6, and 3.3%, respectively. The prevalence of L. monocytogenes and S. enterica in fecal samples was 1.5 and 3.8%, respectively, and the prevalence of E. coli O157:H7 in rectoanal mucosal swabs was 2.3%. Based on disk diffusion testing, all L. monocytogenes, S. enterica, and E. coli O157:H7 isolates exhibited resistance to at least 1 antimicrobial class. Multidrug resistance (resistance to 3 or more classes of antimicrobials) was exhibited by 96.9% of L. monocytogenes, 91.7% of E. coli O157:H7, and 82.1% of S. enterica isolates. Moreover, 93.8, 79.2, and 57.1% of the L. monocytogenes, E. coli O157:H7, and S. enterica isolates, respectively, were resistant to 5 or more antimicrobial classes. More than 50% of L. monocytogenes isolates were resistant to ampicillin, clindamycin, penicillin, erythromycin, quinupristin-dalfopristin, streptomycin, teicoplanin, linezolid, vancomycin, kanamycin, and tetracycline. More than 50% of S. enterica and E. coli O157:H7 isolates were resistant to ampicillin, cephalothin, nalidixic acid, kanamycin, streptomycin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, and tetracycline. The prevalence of the studied pathogens this study was comparable to reports from other countries. The isolated pathogens exhibited a high degree of antimicrobial resistance, suggesting that the bacterial flora of dairy cattle in Jordan are under intense antimicrobial selection pressure. Additional research is required to determine the causes and drivers of resistance, and to develop approaches to mitigating antimicrobial resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad M Obaidat
- Department of Veterinary Pathology and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan.
| | - Andrew P Stringer
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh 27607
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A Novel Method for Sampling and Long-Term Monitoring of Microbes That Uses Stickers of Plain Paper. Appl Environ Microbiol 2019; 85:AEM.00766-19. [PMID: 31126944 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00766-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Detection of pathogens is crucial in food production areas. While it is well established, swabbing as a state-of-the-art sampling method offers several drawbacks with respect to yield, standardization, overall handling, and long-term monitoring. This led us to develop and evaluate a method that is easier to use at a lower cost and that should be at least as sensitive. After evaluating sundry promising materials, we tested text-marking paper stickers for their suitability to take up and release Listeria monocytogenes with their nonsticky paper side over a 14-day time period using quantitative PCR. The recovery rate was similar to that in previous studies using conventional swabs, and we also confirmed the feasibility of pooling besides resilience to cleansing and disinfection. In a proof-of-concept experiment that sampled several locations, such as door handles, the occurrences of L. monocytogenes and Escherichia coli were determined. The results suggest that the presented sticker system might offer a promising cost-effective alternative sampling system with improved handling characteristics.IMPORTANCE As a ubiquitous bacterium, Listeria monocytogenes has a propensity to enter food production areas inadvertently via fomites such as door handles and switches. While the bacterium might not be in direct contact with the food products, knowing the microbial status of the surroundings is essential for risk assessment. Our investigation into a novel quantitative PCR (qPCR)-based sampling system with the highest sensitivity and ability to monitor over long periods of time, yet based on paper, proved to be cost-effective and reasonably convenient to handle.
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Witte AK, Sickha R, Mester P, Fister S, Schoder D, Rossmanith P. Essential role of polymerases for assay performance - Impact of polymerase replacement in a well-established assay. BIOMOLECULAR DETECTION AND QUANTIFICATION 2018; 16:12-20. [PMID: 30560063 PMCID: PMC6287537 DOI: 10.1016/j.bdq.2018.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) is one of the most commonly molecular methods used today. It is central to numerous assays that have since been developed and described around its optimization. The Listeria monocytogenes prfA qPCR assay has been studied in great detail and due to its comprehensive knowledge, excellent performance (sensitivity of one single copy), and internal amplification control, it represents a suitable test platform for qPCR examinations. In this study, we compared ten different polymerases (or ready-to-use mastermixes) as possible (economic) alternatives to our gold standard Platinum Taq polymerase. We sought to determine the reproducibility of these assays under modified conditions, which are realistic because published assays are frequently used with substituted polymerases. Surprisingly, there was no amplification at all with some of the tested polymerases, even although the internal amplification control worked well. Since adaptation of the thermal profile and of MgCl2 concentration could restore amplification, simple replacement of the polymerase can destroy a well-established assay leading up to >106-fold less analytical sensitivity. Further, validation using Poisson and PCR-Stop analyses revealed limits to some assay-polymerase combinations and emphasize the importance of validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kristina Witte
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Monitoring of Microbial Contaminants, Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Science, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinaerplatz 1, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - Romana Sickha
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Monitoring of Microbial Contaminants, Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Science, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinaerplatz 1, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - Patrick Mester
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Monitoring of Microbial Contaminants, Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Science, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinaerplatz 1, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - Susanne Fister
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Monitoring of Microbial Contaminants, Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Science, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinaerplatz 1, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - Dagmar Schoder
- Institute of Milk Hygiene, Milk Technology and Food Science, Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Science, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinaerplatz 1, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Rossmanith
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Monitoring of Microbial Contaminants, Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Science, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinaerplatz 1, 1210, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Milk Hygiene, Milk Technology and Food Science, Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Science, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinaerplatz 1, 1210, Vienna, Austria
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Witkowska E, Korsak D, Kowalska A, Janeczek A, Kamińska A. Strain-level typing and identification of bacteria - a novel approach for SERS active plasmonic nanostructures. Anal Bioanal Chem 2018; 410:5019-5031. [PMID: 29907950 PMCID: PMC6061775 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-018-1153-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
One of the potential applications of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is the detection of biological compounds and microorganisms. Here we demonstrate that SERS coupled with principal component analysis (PCA) serves as a perfect method for determining the taxonomic affiliation of bacteria at the strain level. We demonstrate for the first time that it is possible to distinguish different genoserogroups within a single species, Listeria monocytogenes, which is one of the most virulent foodborne pathogens and in some cases contact with which may be fatal. We also postulate that it is possible to detect additional proteins in the L. monocytogenes cell envelope, which provide resistance to benzalkonium chloride and cadmium. A better understanding of this infectious agent could help in selecting the appropriate pharmaceutical product for enhanced treatment. Graphical abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelin Witkowska
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Dorota Korsak
- Faculty of Biology, Institute of Microbiology, Department of Applied Microbiology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aneta Kowalska
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Janeczek
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Kamińska
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224, Warsaw, Poland.
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Rapid and sensitive detection of viable Listeria monocytogenes in food products by a filtration-based protocol and qPCR. Food Microbiol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2018.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Hadjilouka A, Paramithiotis S, Drosinos EH. Genetic Analysis of the Listeria Pathogenicity Island 1 of Listeria monocytogenes 1/2a and 4b Isolates. Curr Microbiol 2018; 75:857-865. [PMID: 29468304 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-018-1458-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to apply descriptive, phylogenetic, recombination, and selection analyses on alignments of the Listeria Pathogenicity Island 1 (LIPI-1) of 1/2a and 4b Listeria monocytogenes isolates of different origin in order to gain insights into the evolution of this virulence gene cluster. For that purpose, a total of 19 L. monocytogenes isolates (9 meat isolates, serotype 1/2a; 5 meat isolates, serotype 4b; 5 strawberry isolates, serotype 4b) that have been previously separated at strain level were subjected to sequencing of their LIPI-1. Descriptive analysis revealed extensive nucleotide diversity mostly in the intragenic regions. The actA gene of 1/2a and 4b meat isolates and the hly gene of the 4b strawberry isolates exhibited the higher diversity; limited diversity was observed in prfA and plcA genes of the 4b isolates and mpl gene of the 1/2a isolates. Phylogenetic analysis of the complete island resulted in two major clusters that were consistent with serotype assignment of the isolates. Moreover, effective discrimination between serotypes was obtained by plcA, plcB, mpl, actA and the intergenic regions plcA-prfA and plcA-hly. In all cases but plcB and plcA-prfA 4b isolates were also differentiated according to their source of isolation as well. Selection analysis revealed that the island consisted of randomly evolving DNA with the exception of prfA gene of 1/2a isolates and actA gene of 4b meat isolates for which purifying selection or population expansion was indicated. Finally, no statistically significant evidence for recombination has been observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agni Hadjilouka
- Laboratory of Food Quality Control and Hygiene, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 118 55, Athens, Greece
| | - Spiros Paramithiotis
- Laboratory of Food Quality Control and Hygiene, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 118 55, Athens, Greece.
| | - Eleftherios H Drosinos
- Laboratory of Food Quality Control and Hygiene, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 118 55, Athens, Greece
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Agustí G, Fittipaldi M, Codony F. Optimization of a Viability PCR Method for the Detection of Listeria monocytogenes in Food Samples. Curr Microbiol 2018; 75:779-785. [DOI: 10.1007/s00284-018-1448-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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34
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Chen JQ, Healey S, Regan P, Laksanalamai P, Hu Z. PCR-based methodologies for detection and characterization of Listeria monocytogenes and Listeria ivanovii in foods and environmental sources. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2017.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Wieczorek K, Osek J. Prevalence, genetic diversity and antimicrobial resistance of Listeria monocytogenes isolated from fresh and smoked fish in Poland. Food Microbiol 2017; 64:164-171. [PMID: 28213022 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2016.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Revised: 12/28/2016] [Accepted: 12/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A total of 57 out of 301 (18.9%) fresh and smoked fish samples in Poland were positive for Listeria monocytotgenes. The bacteria were most frequently identified in fresh and smoked salmon (32.0% and 33.8% respectively) as well as in fresh cod (31.8%). Only three samples of smoked salmon were contaminated with the bacteria above 100 CFU/g. Four molecular serogroups were identified and the most prevalent, 1/2a-3a (40 isolates; 70.2%), was present in samples from both marine (33 strains; 71.7%) and freshwater fish (7 isolates; 63.6%). Similar duality of prevalence was observed only for L. monocytogenes of 1/2b-3b-7 serogroup (14 strains; 24.6%), which was identified in 11 (23.9%) marine and 3 (27.3%) freshwater fish. All isolates harboured 10 virulence-associated genes (inlA, inlB, inlC, inlJ, lmo2672, plcA, plcB, hlyA, actA, and mpl) and most of them (56; 98.2%) also possessed the flaA marker. Several strains displayed resistance to oxacillin (33; 57.9%), ceftriaxone (18; 31.6%), or clindamycin (5; 8.8%), and two isolates of serogroup 1/2a-3a showed multiresistance to all three. Genetic subtyping showed the presence of different pulsotypes belonging to six PFGE clusters. The obtained results provide useful information regarding fish contamination with L. monocytogenes which may have implications for public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinga Wieczorek
- Department of Hygiene of Food of Animal Origin, National Veterinary Research Institute, Partyzantow 57, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland
| | - Jacek Osek
- Department of Hygiene of Food of Animal Origin, National Veterinary Research Institute, Partyzantow 57, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland.
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36
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Witte AK, Mester P, Fister S, Witte M, Schoder D, Rossmanith P. A Systematic Investigation of Parameters Influencing Droplet Rain in the Listeria monocytogenes prfA Assay - Reduction of Ambiguous Results in ddPCR. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0168179. [PMID: 27992475 PMCID: PMC5167268 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0168179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR) determines DNA amounts based upon the pattern of positive and negative droplets, according to Poisson distribution, without the use of external standards. However, division into positive and negative droplets is often not clear because a part of the droplets has intermediate fluorescence values, appearing as “rain” in the plot. Despite the droplet rain, absolute quantification with ddPCR is possible, as shown previously for the prfA assay in quantifying Listeria monocytogenes. Nevertheless, reducing the rain, and thus ambiguous results, promotes the accuracy and credibility of ddPCR. In this study, we extensively investigated chemical and physical parameters for optimizing the prfA assay for ddPCR. While differences in the concentration of all chemicals and the dye, quencher and supplier of the probe did not alter the droplet pattern, changes in the PCR cycling program, such as prolonged times and increased cycle numbers, improved the assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kristina Witte
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Monitoring of Microbial Contaminants, Institute of Milk Hygiene, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Patrick Mester
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Monitoring of Microbial Contaminants, Institute of Milk Hygiene, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Susanne Fister
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Monitoring of Microbial Contaminants, Institute of Milk Hygiene, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Matthias Witte
- Department of Psychology, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Dagmar Schoder
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Monitoring of Microbial Contaminants, Institute of Milk Hygiene, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Milk Hygiene, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Rossmanith
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Monitoring of Microbial Contaminants, Institute of Milk Hygiene, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Milk Hygiene, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
- * E-mail:
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Zeng D, Chen Z, Jiang Y, Xue F, Li B. Advances and Challenges in Viability Detection of Foodborne Pathogens. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:1833. [PMID: 27920757 PMCID: PMC5118415 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Foodborne outbreaks are a serious public health and food safety concern worldwide. There is a great demand for rapid, sensitive, specific, and accurate methods to detect microbial pathogens in foods. Conventional methods based on cultivation of pathogens have been the gold standard protocols; however, they take up to a week to complete. Molecular assays such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR), sequencing, microarray technologies have been widely used in detection of foodborne pathogens. Among molecular assays, PCR technology [conventional and real-time PCR (qPCR)] is most commonly used in the foodborne pathogen detection because of its high sensitivity and specificity. However, a major drawback of PCR is its inability to differentiate the DNA from dead and viable cells, and this is a critical factor for the food industry, regulatory agencies and the consumer. To remedy this shortcoming, researchers have used biological dyes such as ethidium monoazide and propidium monoazide (PMA) to pretreat samples before DNA extraction to intercalate the DNA of dead cells in food samples, and then proceed with regular DNA preparation and qPCR. By combining PMA treatment with qPCR (PMA-qPCR), scientists have applied this technology to detect viable cells of various bacterial pathogens in foods. The incorporation of PMA into PCR-based assays for viability detection of pathogens in foods has increased significantly in the last decade. On the other hand, some downsides with this approach have been noted, particularly to achieve complete suppression of signal of DNA from the dead cells present in some particular food matrix. Nowadays, there is a tendency of more and more researchers adapting this approach for viability detection; and a few commercial kits based on PMA are available in the market. As time goes on, more scientists apply this approach to a broader range of pathogen detections, this viability approach (PMA or other chemicals such as platinum compound) may eventually become a common methodology for the rapid, sensitive, and accurate detection of foodborne pathogens. In this review, we summarize the development in the field including progress and challenges and give our perspective in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dexin Zeng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing, China
| | - Zi Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing, China; Animal Quarantine Laboratory, Jiangsu Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine BureauNanjing, China
| | - Yuan Jiang
- Animal Quarantine Laboratory, Jiangsu Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine BureauNanjing, China; Shanghai Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine BureauShanghai, China
| | - Feng Xue
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing, China
| | - Baoguang Li
- Division of Molecular Biology, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, United States Food and Drug Administration, Laurel MD, USA
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38
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Evaluation of the performance of quantitative detection of the Listeria monocytogenes prfA locus with droplet digital PCR. Anal Bioanal Chem 2016; 408:7583-7593. [PMID: 27558101 PMCID: PMC5061835 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-016-9861-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2016] [Revised: 07/03/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Fast and reliable pathogen detection is an important issue for human health. Since conventional microbiological methods are rather slow, there is growing interest in detection and quantification using molecular methods. The droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR) is a relatively new PCR method for absolute and accurate quantification without external standards. Using the Listeria monocytogenes specific prfA assay, we focused on the questions of whether the assay was directly transferable to ddPCR and whether ddPCR was suitable for samples derived from heterogeneous matrices, such as foodstuffs that often included inhibitors and a non-target bacterial background flora. Although the prfA assay showed suboptimal cluster formation, use of ddPCR for quantification of L. monocytogenes from pure bacterial cultures, artificially contaminated cheese, and naturally contaminated foodstuff was satisfactory over a relatively broad dynamic range. Moreover, results demonstrated the outstanding detection limit of one copy. However, while poorer DNA quality, such as resulting from longer storage, can impair ddPCR, internal amplification control (IAC) of prfA by ddPCR, that is integrated in the genome of L. monocytogenes ΔprfA, showed even slightly better quantification over a broader dynamic range. Evaluating the absolute quantification potential of ddPCR targeting Listeria monocytogenes prfA ![]()
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Nucera DM, Grassi MA, Morra P, Piano S, Tabacco E, Borreani G. Detection, identification, and typing of Listeria species from baled silages fed to dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 2016; 99:6121-6133. [PMID: 27209131 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2016-10928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Anaerobiosis, critical for successful ensilage, constitutes a challenge in baled silages. The loss of complete anaerobiosis causes aerobic deterioration and silages undergo dry matter and nutrient losses, pathogen growth, and mycotoxin production. Silage may represent an ideal substrate for Listeria monocytogenes, a pathogen of primary concern in several cheeses. The aim of this research was to investigate the occurrence of Listeria in baled silage fed to cows producing milk for a protected designation of origin cheese, and to characterize isolates by repetitive sequence-based PCR. Listeria spp. were detected in 21 silages and L. monocytogenes in 6 out of 80 of the analyzed silages; 67% of positives were found in molded zones. Results of the PCR typing showed genotypic homogeneity: 72.9 and 78.8% similarity between strains of Listeria spp. (n=56) and L. monocytogenes (n=24), respectively. Identical profiles were recovered in molded and nonmolded areas, indicating that contamination may have occurred during production. The application of PCR allowed the unambiguous identification of Listeria isolated from baled silages, and repetitive sequence-based PCR allowed a rapid and effective typing of isolates. Results disclose the potential of the systematic typing of Listeria in primary production, which is needed for the understanding of its transmission pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- D M Nucera
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences (DISAFA), University of Torino, 10095 Grugliasco (TO), Italy
| | - M A Grassi
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, 10095 Grugliasco (TO), Italy
| | - P Morra
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, 10095 Grugliasco (TO), Italy
| | - S Piano
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences (DISAFA), University of Torino, 10095 Grugliasco (TO), Italy
| | - E Tabacco
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences (DISAFA), University of Torino, 10095 Grugliasco (TO), Italy
| | - G Borreani
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences (DISAFA), University of Torino, 10095 Grugliasco (TO), Italy.
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Maćkiw E, Modzelewska M, Mąka Ł, Ścieżyńska H, Pawłowska K, Postupolski J, Korsak D. Antimicrobial resistance profiles of Listeria monocytogenes isolated from ready-to-eat products in Poland in 2007–2011. Food Control 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2015.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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41
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Zahra N, Goodwin W. The Development and Use of Internal Amplification Controls (IACs) with DNA Profiling Kits for Forensic DNA Analysis. Methods Mol Biol 2016; 1420:109-124. [PMID: 27259734 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-3597-0_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Biological samples recovered for forensic investigations are often degraded and/or have low amounts of DNA; in addition, in some instances the samples may be contaminated with chemicals that can act as PCR inhibitors. As a consequence this can make interpretation of the results challenging with the possibility of having partial profiles and false negative results. Because of the impact of DNA analysis on forensic investigations, it is important to monitor the process of DNA profiling, in particular the amplification reaction. In this chapter we describe a method for the in-house generation and use of internal amplification controls (IACs) with DNA profiling kits to monitor the success of the PCR proces. In the example we show the use of the SGM Plus® kit. These controls can also be used to aid the interpretation of the DNA profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Zahra
- School of Forensic and Investigative Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, Lancashire, PR1 2HE, UK.
| | - William Goodwin
- School of Forensic and Investigative Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, Lancashire, PR1 2HE, UK
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Terentjeva M, Eizenberga I, Valciņa O, Novoslavskij A, Strazdiņa V, Bērziņš A. Prevalence of Foodborne Pathogens in Freshwater Fish in Latvia. J Food Prot 2015; 78:2093-8. [PMID: 26555535 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-15-121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to detect the prevalence of Salmonella spp., Listeria monocytogenes, and Yersinia enterocolitica in freshwater fish in Latvia. In total, 235 samples, including freshly caught fish from fives lakes (n = 129) and fish from retail markets (n = 106), were collected from April 2014 to December 2014 in Latvia. Samples were tested according to International Organization for Standardization methods. No Salmonella spp. were found in fresh fish from lakes or in commercially available fish. In contrast, the overall prevalence of L. monocytogenes and Y. enterocolitica in freshwater fish was 13% (30 of 235) and 14% (34 of 235), respectively, and no significant difference between the prevalence of L. monocytogenes and Y. enterocolitica was observed (P > 0.05). All Y. enterocolitica isolates belonged to the nonpathogenic 1A biotype. Molecular serotyping of L. monocytogenes revealed that the most distributed serogroup was 1/2a-3a (65%), followed by 1/2c-3c (25%), 1/2b-3b (5%), and 4b, 4d, 4e (5%). The prevalence of L. monocytogenes and Y. enterocolitica in freshwater lake fish was 2% (2 of 129) and 3% (4 of 129), respectively. In contrast, the prevalence of L. monocytogenes and Y. enterocolitica in fish at retail markets was 26% (28 of 106) and 28% (30 of 106), respectively. In retail samples, 9 of 58 positive fish contained both L. monocytogenes and Y. enterocolitica. In general, differences in the prevalences of L. monocytogenes and Y. enterocolitica in retail samples were significantly higher than those in freshly caught fish (P < 0.05). The results of this study indicate that freshwater fish could be an important source of Y. enterocolitica and L. monocytogenes for consumers in Latvia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarita Terentjeva
- Institute of Food and Environmental Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Latvia University of Agriculture, K. Helmaņa iela 8, LV-3004, Jelgava, Latvia.
| | - Inga Eizenberga
- Institute of Food and Environmental Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Latvia University of Agriculture, K. Helmaņa iela 8, LV-3004, Jelgava, Latvia; Institute of Food Safety, Animal Health and Environment, BIOR, Lejupes iela 3, Rīga, LV-1076, Latvia
| | - Olga Valciņa
- Institute of Food Safety, Animal Health and Environment, BIOR, Lejupes iela 3, Rīga, LV-1076, Latvia
| | - Aleksandr Novoslavskij
- Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Veterinary Academy, TilŽės Street 18, 47181, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Vita Strazdiņa
- Institute of Food Safety, Animal Health and Environment, BIOR, Lejupes iela 3, Rīga, LV-1076, Latvia
| | - Aivars Bērziņš
- Institute of Food and Environmental Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Latvia University of Agriculture, K. Helmaņa iela 8, LV-3004, Jelgava, Latvia. Institute of Food Safety, Animal Health and Environment, BIOR, Lejupes iela 3, Rīga, LV-1076, Latvia
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Wang L, Zhao L, Yuan J, Jin TZ. Application of a novel antimicrobial coating on roast beef for inactivation and inhibition of Listeria monocytogenes during storage. Int J Food Microbiol 2015; 211:66-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2015.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Revised: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 07/05/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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44
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Development, and complete evaluation, of a novel Most-Probable-Number (MPN) qPCR method for accurate and express quantification of Listeria monocytogenes in foodstuffs. Eur Food Res Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-015-2496-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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45
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A Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification-Based Method for Analysing Animal Feed for the Presence of Salmonella. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-015-0148-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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46
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Liu Z, Zhu J, Xia X, Wang L, Yang C, Li X. Development of a Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Assay Based on lmo0460 Sequence for Detection of L
isteria monocytogenes. J Food Saf 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/jfs.12183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhanmin Liu
- School of Life Sciences; Shanghai University; Shanghai 200444 China
| | - Jiachao Zhu
- School of Life Sciences; Shanghai University; Shanghai 200444 China
| | - Xueying Xia
- School of Life Sciences; Shanghai University; Shanghai 200444 China
| | - Lin Wang
- School of Life Sciences; Shanghai University; Shanghai 200444 China
| | - Cuiyun Yang
- Shanghai Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau; Shanghai China
| | - Xiaohong Li
- Shanghai Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau; Shanghai China
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Michelon D, Félix B, Vingadassalon N, Mariet JF, Larsson JT, Møller-Nielsen E, Roussel S. PFGE standard operating procedures for Listeria monocytogenes: harmonizing the typing of food and clinical strains in Europe. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2015; 12:244-52. [PMID: 25658711 DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2014.1877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is a foodborne pathogen responsible for a severe disease known as listeriosis. The European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) coordinates a network of national public health laboratories (NPHLs) in charge of typing clinical strains. In food, it is the European Union Reference Laboratory for L. monocytogenes (EURL Lm), which manages a network of National Reference Laboratories (NRLs). A pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) standard operating procedure (EURL SOP) has been used routinely at the EURL Lm since 2007. The EURL Lm has recommended that NRLs use the EURL SOP, whereas the Statens Serum Institut (SSI), under contract for ECDC, requested that NPHLs use Halpins' SOP (HSOP) published in 2010 for the PulseNet USA network. An update of Halpins' SOP (uHSOP) was published in 2013. To facilitate the exchange of profiles among human and food European reference laboratories, it is crucial to ensure that the PFGE profiles obtained with these different SOPs are comparable. The aim here was to compare the EURL SOP with HSOP and uHSOP. The panel comprised 114 well-characterized SSI/EURL strains. All were characterized at the EURL using both the EURL SOP and uHSOP. Seventy of the 114 strains were also characterized at the SSI using HSOP. The EURL SOP and uHSOP produced indistinguishable combined (ApaI/AscI) profiles for the 114 strains tested. The EURL SOP and HSOP produced indistinguishable combined profiles for 69 of the 70 strains tested. One strain displayed for the AscI profile an additional low-intensity band at 184 kbp with HSOP. For this strain, SSI and EUR Lm had already observed the same profile from NPHLs and NRLs. However, this deviation is minor as it accounted for about 1% of all the 114 combined profiles. This study should facilitate the exchange of reproducible PFGE profiles among human and food reference laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien Michelon
- 1 University Paris-Est , French Agency for Food, Environmental, and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), Laboratory for Food Safety, European Union Reference Laboratory for Listeria monocytogenes, Maisons-Alfort, France
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Hadjilouka A, Mantzourani KS, Katsarou A, Cavaiuolo M, Ferrante A, Paramithiotis S, Mataragas M, Drosinos EH. Estimation of Listeria monocytogenes and Escherichia coli O157:H7 prevalence and levels in naturally contaminated rocket and cucumber samples by deterministic and stochastic approaches. J Food Prot 2015; 78:311-22. [PMID: 25710146 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-14-261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The aims of the present study were to determine the prevalence and levels of Listeria monocytogenes and Escherichia coli O157:H7 in rocket and cucumber samples by deterministic (estimation of a single value) and stochastic (estimation of a range of values) approaches. In parallel, the chromogenic media commonly used for the recovery of these microorganisms were evaluated and compared, and the efficiency of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)-based protocol was validated. L. monocytogenes and E. coli O157:H7 were detected and enumerated using agar Listeria according to Ottaviani and Agosti plus RAPID' L. mono medium and Fluorocult plus sorbitol MacConkey medium with cefixime and tellurite in parallel, respectively. Identity was confirmed with biochemical and molecular tests and the ELISA. Performance indices of the media and the prevalence of both pathogens were estimated using Bayesian inference. In rocket, prevalence of both L. monocytogenes and E. coli O157:H7 was estimated at 7% (7 of 100 samples). In cucumber, prevalence was 6% (6 of 100 samples) and 3% (3 of 100 samples) for L. monocytogenes and E. coli O157:H7, respectively. The levels derived from the presence-absence data using Bayesian modeling were estimated at 0.12 CFU/25 g (0.06 to 0.20) and 0.09 CFU/25 g (0.04 to 0.170) for L. monocytogenes in rocket and cucumber samples, respectively. The corresponding values for E. coli O157:H7 were 0.59 CFU/25 g (0.43 to 0.78) and 1.78 CFU/25 g (1.38 to 2.24), respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of the culture media differed for rocket and cucumber samples. The ELISA technique had a high level of cross-reactivity. Parallel testing with at least two culture media was required to achieve a reliable result for L. monocytogenes or E. coli O157:H7 prevalence in rocket and cucumber samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agni Hadjilouka
- Laboratory of Food Quality Control and Hygiene, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, GR-118 55 Athens, Greece.
| | - Kyriaki-Sofia Mantzourani
- Laboratory of Food Quality Control and Hygiene, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, GR-118 55 Athens, Greece
| | - Anastasia Katsarou
- Laboratory of Food Quality Control and Hygiene, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, GR-118 55 Athens, Greece
| | - Marina Cavaiuolo
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Antonio Ferrante
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Spiros Paramithiotis
- Laboratory of Food Quality Control and Hygiene, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, GR-118 55 Athens, Greece
| | - Marios Mataragas
- Laboratory of Food Quality Control and Hygiene, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, GR-118 55 Athens, Greece
| | - Eleftherios H Drosinos
- Laboratory of Food Quality Control and Hygiene, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, GR-118 55 Athens, Greece
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Manios SG, Grivokostopoulos NC, Bikouli VC, Doultsos DA, Zilelidou EA, Gialitaki MA, Skandamis PN. A 3-year hygiene and safety monitoring of a meat processing plant which uses raw materials of global origin. Int J Food Microbiol 2014; 209:60-9. [PMID: 25600954 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2014.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2014] [Revised: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 12/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A systematic approach in monitoring the hygiene of a meat processing plant using classical microbiological analyses combined with molecular characterization tools may assist in the safety of the final products. This study aimed: (i) to evaluate the total hygiene level and, (ii) to monitor and characterize the occurrence and spread of Salmonella spp. and Listeria monocytogenes in the environment and the final products of a meat industry that processes meat of global origin. In total, 2541 samples from the processing environment, the raw materials, and the final products were collected from a Greek meat industry in the period 2011-2013. All samples were subjected to enumeration of total viable counts (TVC), Escherichia coli (EC) and total coliforms (TCC) and the detection of Salmonella spp., while 709 of these samples were also analyzed for the presence L. monocytogenes. Pathogen isolates were serotyped and further characterized for their antibiotic resistance and subtyped by PFGE. Raw materials were identified as the primary source of contamination, while improper handling might have also favored the proliferation of the initial microbial load. The occurrence of Salmonella spp. and L. monocytogenes reached 5.5% and 26.9%, respectively. Various (apparent) cross-contamination or persistence trends were deduced based on PFGE analysis results. Salmonella isolates showed wide variation in their innate antibiotic resistance, contrary to L. monocytogenes ones, which were found susceptible to all antibiotics except for cefotaxime. The results emphasize the biodiversity of foodborne pathogens in a meat industry and may be used by meat processors to understand the spread of pathogens in the processing environment, as well as to assist the Food Business Operator (FBO) in establishing effective criteria for selection of raw materials and in improving meat safety and quality. This approach can limit the increase of microbial contamination during the processing steps observed in our study as well as the cross contamination of meat products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stavros G Manios
- Agricultural University of Athens, Department of Food Science & Technology, Laboratory of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Iera Odos 75, Athens 11855, Greece
| | - Nikolaos C Grivokostopoulos
- Agricultural University of Athens, Department of Food Science & Technology, Laboratory of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Iera Odos 75, Athens 11855, Greece
| | - Vasiliki C Bikouli
- Agricultural University of Athens, Department of Food Science & Technology, Laboratory of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Iera Odos 75, Athens 11855, Greece
| | - Dimitrios A Doultsos
- Agricultural University of Athens, Department of Food Science & Technology, Laboratory of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Iera Odos 75, Athens 11855, Greece
| | - Evangelia A Zilelidou
- Agricultural University of Athens, Department of Food Science & Technology, Laboratory of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Iera Odos 75, Athens 11855, Greece
| | - Maria A Gialitaki
- Agricultural University of Athens, Department of Food Science & Technology, Laboratory of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Iera Odos 75, Athens 11855, Greece
| | - Panagiotis N Skandamis
- Agricultural University of Athens, Department of Food Science & Technology, Laboratory of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Iera Odos 75, Athens 11855, Greece.
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50
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Garrido-Maestu A, Chapela MJ, Vieites JM, Cabado AG. Application of real-time PCR to detect Listeria monocytogenes in a mussel processing industry: Impact on control. Food Control 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2014.05.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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