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Mota-Gutierrez J, Lis L, Lasagabaster A, Nafarrate I, Ferrocino I, Cocolin L, Rantsiou K. Campylobacter spp. prevalence and mitigation strategies in the broiler production chain. Food Microbiol 2022; 104:103998. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2022.103998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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2
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Stingl K, Heise J, Thieck M, Wulsten IF, Pacholewicz E, Iwobi AN, Govindaswamy J, Zeller-Péronnet V, Scheuring S, Luu HQ, Fridriksdottir V, Gölz G, Priller F, Gruntar I, Jorgensen F, Koene M, Kovac J, Lick S, Répérant E, Rohlfing A, Zawilak-Pawlik A, Rossow M, Schlierf A, Frost K, Simon K, Uhlig S, Huber I. Challenging the "gold standard" of colony-forming units - Validation of a multiplex real-time PCR for quantification of viable Campylobacter spp. in meat rinses. Int J Food Microbiol 2021; 359:109417. [PMID: 34624596 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2021.109417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Campylobacter jejuni is the leading bacterial food-borne pathogen in Europe. Despite the accepted limits of cultural detection of the fastidious bacterium, the "gold standard" in food microbiology is still the determination of colony-forming units (CFU). As an alternative, a live/dead differentiating qPCR has been established, using propidium monoazide (PMA) as DNA-intercalating crosslink agent for inactivating DNA from dead, membrane-compromised cells. The PMA treatment was combined with the addition of an internal sample process control (ISPC), i.e. a known number of dead C. sputorum cells to the samples. The ISPC enables i), monitoring the effective reduction of dead cell signal by the light-activated DNA-intercalating dye PMA, and ii), compensation for potential DNA losses during processing. Here, we optimized the method for routine application and performed a full validation of the method according to ISO 16140-2:2016(E) for the quantification of live thermophilic Campylobacter spp. in meat rinses against the classical enumeration method ISO 10272-2:2017. In order to render the method applicable and cost-effective for practical application, the ISPC was lyophilized to be distributable to routine laboratories. In addition, a triplex qPCR was established to simultaneously quantify thermophilic Campylobacter, the ISPC and an internal amplification control (IAC). Its performance was statistically similar to the two duplex qPCRs up to a contamination level of 4.7 log10Campylobacter per ml of meat rinse. The limit of quantification (LOQ) of the alternative method was around 20 genomic equivalents per PCR reaction, i.e. 2.3 log10 live Campylobacter per ml of sample. The alternative method passed a relative trueness study, confirming the robustness against different meat rinses, and displayed sufficient accuracy within the limits set in ISO 16140-2:2016(E). Finally, the method was validated in an interlaboratory ring trial, confirming that the alternative method was fit for purpose with a tendency of improved repeatability and reproducibility compared to the reference method for CFU determination. Campylobacter served as a model organism, challenging CFU as "gold standard" and could help in guidance to the general acceptance of live/dead differentiating qPCR methods for the detection of food-borne pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Stingl
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Department of Biological Safety, National Reference Laboratory for Campylobacter, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Janine Heise
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Department of Biological Safety, National Reference Laboratory for Campylobacter, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maja Thieck
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Department of Biological Safety, National Reference Laboratory for Campylobacter, Berlin, Germany
| | - Imke F Wulsten
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Department of Biological Safety, National Reference Laboratory for Campylobacter, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ewa Pacholewicz
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Department of Biological Safety, National Reference Laboratory for Campylobacter, Berlin, Germany; Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Lelystad, the Netherlands
| | - Azuka N Iwobi
- Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority (LGL), Oberschleissheim, Germany
| | | | | | - Sandra Scheuring
- Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority (LGL), Oberschleissheim, Germany
| | - Huong Quynh Luu
- National Institute of Veterinary Research (NIVR), Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | | | - Greta Gölz
- Freie Universitaet Berlin, Institute of Food Safety and Food Hygiene, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Igor Gruntar
- University of Ljubljana, Institute of Microbiology and Parasitology, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Frieda Jorgensen
- Public Health England, Food, Water and Environmental Laboratory - Porton, Salisbury, United Kingdom
| | - Miriam Koene
- Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Lelystad, the Netherlands
| | - Jasna Kovac
- The Pennsylvania State University, Department of Food Science, State College, PA, United States
| | - Sonja Lick
- Max Rubner-Institute (MRI), Department of Safety and Quality of Meat, Kulmbach, Germany
| | | | - Annika Rohlfing
- Impetus GmbH & Co. Bioscience KG, Microbiology, Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Anna Zawilak-Pawlik
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, PAS, Microbiology Department, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Marko Rossow
- State Office for Consumer Protection Saxony-Anhalt, Department of Food Safety, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - Ingrid Huber
- Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority (LGL), Oberschleissheim, Germany
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Estimating the performance of four culture media used for enumeration and detection of Campylobacter species in chicken meat. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2019.108808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Kim J, Shin H, Park H, Jung H, Kim J, Cho S, Ryu S, Jeon B. Microbiota Analysis for the Optimization of Campylobacter Isolation From Chicken Carcasses Using Selective Media. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:1381. [PMID: 31293537 PMCID: PMC6598470 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Since contaminated poultry meat is the major source of transmitting Campylobacter jejuni to humans, the isolation of Campylobacter from poultry carcasses is frequently performed in many countries as a baseline survey to ensure food safety. However, existing isolation methods have technical limitations in isolating this fastidious bacterium, such as a growth competition with indigenous bacteria in food samples. In this study, we compared the differences in microbiota compositions between Bolton and Preston selective media, two most common selective media to isolate Campylobacter, and investigated how different microbiota compositions resulting from different enrichment methods may affect isolation frequencies. A next-generation sequencing (NGS) analysis of 16S rRNA demonstrated that Bolton and Preston-selective enrichments generated different microbiota structures that shared only 31.57% of Operating Taxonomic Unit (OTU) types. Particularly, Escherichia was highly prevalent in Bolton selective media, and the enrichment cultures that increase Escherichia negatively affected the efficacy of Campylobacter isolation. Furthermore, the combination of the selective media made a significant difference in the isolation frequency. The Bolton broth and Preston agar combination exhibited the highest (60.0%) frequencies of Campylobacter isolation, whereas the Bolton broth and Bolton agar combination showed the lowest (2.5%). These results show that each selective medium generates a unique microbiota structure and that the sequence of combining the selective media also critically affects the isolation frequency by altering microbiota compositions. In this study, we demonstrated how a microbiota analysis using NGS can be utilized to optimize a protocol for bacterial isolation from food samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinshil Kim
- Department of Food and Animal Biotechnology, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hakdong Shin
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyeeun Park
- Department of Food and Animal Biotechnology, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hayan Jung
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Junhyung Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seongbeom Cho
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sangryeol Ryu
- Department of Food and Animal Biotechnology, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Byeonghwa Jeon
- Department of Food and Animal Biotechnology, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
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Aerts M, Battisti A, Hendriksen R, Kempf I, Teale C, Tenhagen BA, Veldman K, Wasyl D, Guerra B, Liébana E, Thomas-López D, Belœil PA. Technical specifications on harmonised monitoring of antimicrobial resistance in zoonotic and indicator bacteria from food-producing animals and food. EFSA J 2019; 17:e05709. [PMID: 32626332 PMCID: PMC7009308 DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2019.5709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Proposals to update the harmonised monitoring and reporting of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) from a public health perspective in Salmonella, Campylobacter coli, Campylobacter jejuni, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) from food-producing animals and derived meat in the EU are presented in this report, accounting for recent trends in AMR, data collection needs and new scientific developments. Phenotypic monitoring of AMR in bacterial isolates, using microdilution methods for testing susceptibility and interpreting resistance using epidemiological cut-off values is reinforced, including further characterisation of those isolates of E. coli and Salmonella showing resistance to extended-spectrum cephalosporins and carbapenems, as well as the specific monitoring of ESBL/AmpC/carbapenemase-producing E. coli. Combinations of bacterial species, food-producing animals and meat, as well as antimicrobial panels have been reviewed and adapted, where deemed necessary. Considering differing sample sizes, numerical simulations have been performed to evaluate the related statistical power available for assessing occurrence and temporal trends in resistance, with a predetermined accuracy, to support the choice of harmonised sample size. Randomised sampling procedures, based on a generic proportionate stratified sampling process, have been reviewed and reinforced. Proposals to improve the harmonisation of monitoring of prevalence, genetic diversity and AMR in MRSA are presented. It is suggested to complement routine monitoring with specific cross-sectional surveys on MRSA in pigs and on AMR in bacteria from seafood and the environment. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) of isolates obtained from the specific monitoring of ESBL/AmpC/carbapenemase-producing E. coli is strongly advocated to be implemented, on a voluntary basis, over the validity period of the next legislation, with possible mandatory implementation by the end of the period; the gene sequences encoding for ESBL/AmpC/carbapenemases being reported to EFSA. Harmonised protocols for WGS analysis/interpretation and external quality assurance programmes are planned to be provided by the EU-Reference Laboratory on AMR.
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Hodges LM, Carrillo CD, Upham JP, Borza A, Eisebraun M, Kenwell R, Mutschall SK, Haldane D, Schleihauf E, Taboada EN. A strain comparison of Campylobacter isolated from retail poultry and human clinical cases in Atlantic Canada. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0215928. [PMID: 31067242 PMCID: PMC6505856 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0215928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Campylobacter is the leading cause of food-borne bacterial disease in Canada and many developed countries. One of the most common sources of human campylobacteriosis is considered to be the consumption or handling of raw or undercooked poultry. To date, few Canadian studies have investigated both the prevalence of Campylobacter on retail poultry and its potential impact on human clinical cases. The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of Campylobacter spp. at the retail level and the correlation between subtypes recovered from chicken and those recovered from human clinical cases within the province of Nova Scotia, Canada. From this study 354 human clinical isolates were obtained from provincial hospital laboratories and a total of 480 packages of raw poultry cuts were sampled from retail outlets, yielding 312 isolates (65%), of all which were subtyped using comparative genomic fingerprinting (CGF). Of the 312 chicken isolates, the majority of isolates were C. jejuni (91.7%), followed by C. coli (7.7%) and C. lari (0.6%). Using CGF to subtype C. jejuni and C. coli isolates, 99 and 152 subtypes were recovered from chicken and clinical cases, respectively. The most prevalent human and chicken subtypes found in NS are similar to those observed nationally; indicating that the Campylobacter from this study appear to reflect of the profile of Campylobacter subtypes circulating nationally. Of the subtypes observed, only 36 subtypes were common between the two groups, however, these subtypes represented 48.3% of the clinical isolates collected. The findings from this study provides evidence that in Nova Scotia, retail poultry can act as a reservoir for Campylobacter subtypes that have been implicated in human illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M. Hodges
- Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Catherine D. Carrillo
- Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Ottawa Laboratory (Carling), Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Antonela Borza
- Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | | | - Robyn Kenwell
- Bureau of Microbial Hazards, Food Directorate, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Steven K. Mutschall
- National Microbiology Laboratory at Lethbridge, Public Health Agency of Canada, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada
| | - David Haldane
- Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Mackenzie Building, Halifax, Nova Scotia
| | | | - Eduardo N. Taboada
- National Microbiology Laboratory at Lethbridge, Public Health Agency of Canada, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada
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Carrillo CD, Kenwell R, Iugovaz I, Oyarzabal OA. Recovery of Campylobacter spp. from Food and Environmental Sources. Methods Mol Biol 2018; 1512:9-18. [PMID: 27885594 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-6536-6_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The recovery of Campylobacter species from food and environmental sources is challenging due to the slow growth of these bacteria and the need to suppress competing organisms during the isolation procedures. The addition of multiple selective antimicrobials to growth media can negatively impact recovery of some Campylobacter spp. Here, we describe our current method for the isolation of thermotolerant Campylobacter species, mainly C. jejuni and C. coli, from food and environmental samples. We emphasize the use of membrane filtration during plating for the specific isolation of Campylobacter spp. and a reduced use of antimicrobial supplements throughout the whole isolation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine D Carrillo
- Canadian Food Inspection Agency, 960 Carling Avenue Bldg # 22, Ottawa, ON, Canada, K1A 0Y9.
| | - Robyn Kenwell
- Bureau of Microbial Hazards, Health Canada, 251 Sir Frederick Banting Driveway, Ottawa, ON, Canada, K1A 0K9
| | - Irene Iugovaz
- Health Canada, Québec Region, 1001 Saint-Laurent Street West, Longueuil, QC, Canada, J4K 1C7
| | - Omar A Oyarzabal
- University of Vermont, Extension, 278 South Main Street, Suite 2, St. Albans, VT, 05478, UK
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Ladely SR, Meinersmann RJ, Plumblee JR, Fedorka-Cray PJ. Isolation Method (Direct Plating or Enrichment) does Not Affect Antimicrobial Susceptibility ofCampylobacterfrom Chicken Carcasses. J Food Saf 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/jfs.12279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Scott R. Ladely
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Food Safety Inspection Service, Outbreaks Section of the Eastern Laboratory; Richard B. Russell Agricultural Research Center; 950 College Station Road Athens Georgia 30605
| | - Richard J. Meinersmann
- U.S. Department of Agriculture; Agriculture Research Service, Bacterial Epidemiology and Antimicrobial Resistance Research Unit, Richard B. Russell Agricultural Research Center; 950 College Station Road Athens Georgia 30605
| | - Jodie R. Plumblee
- U.S. Department of Agriculture; Agriculture Research Service, Bacterial Epidemiology and Antimicrobial Resistance Research Unit, Richard B. Russell Agricultural Research Center; 950 College Station Road Athens Georgia 30605
| | - Paula J. Fedorka-Cray
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology; College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University; 1060 William Moore Drive Raleigh North Carolina 27607
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Huang H, Brooks BW, Lowman R, Carrillo CD. Campylobacter species in animal, food, and environmental sources, and relevant testing programs in Canada. Can J Microbiol 2015; 61:701-21. [DOI: 10.1139/cjm-2014-0770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Campylobacter species, particularly thermophilic campylobacters, have emerged as a leading cause of human foodborne gastroenteritis worldwide, with Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacter coli, and Campylobacter lari responsible for the majority of human infections. Although most cases of campylobacteriosis are self-limiting, campylobacteriosis represents a significant public health burden. Human illness caused by infection with campylobacters has been reported across Canada since the early 1970s. Many studies have shown that dietary sources, including food, particularly raw poultry and other meat products, raw milk, and contaminated water, have contributed to outbreaks of campylobacteriosis in Canada. Campylobacter spp. have also been detected in a wide range of animal and environmental sources, including water, in Canada. The purpose of this article is to review (i) the prevalence of Campylobacter spp. in animals, food, and the environment, and (ii) the relevant testing programs in Canada with a focus on the potential links between campylobacters and human health in Canada.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongsheng Huang
- Canadian Food Inspection Agency, 3851 Fallowfield Road, Ottawa, ON K2H 8P9, Canada
| | - Brian W. Brooks
- Canadian Food Inspection Agency, 3851 Fallowfield Road, Ottawa, ON K2H 8P9, Canada
| | - Ruff Lowman
- Food Safety Risk Analysis, Food Policy Coordination, Policy and Programs, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, 1400 Merivale Road, Tower 2, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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