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Li Y, Xia X, Wu W, Tian X, Hu Y, Dong B, Wang Y. The Mediating Effects of Nutritional Status on the Relationship between Number of Residual Teeth and Cognitive Function among Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Multicenter Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:3089. [PMID: 37513507 PMCID: PMC10384863 DOI: 10.3390/nu15143089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The underlying mechanisms of the relationship between the number of teeth and cognition is still unclear. We aimed to construct a mediation model between the number of residual teeth and cognitive function, using nutritional status as a mediating factor. This study was completed using the West China Health and Aging Trend cohort. A total of 6634 multi-ethnic older adults, aged 50 years or older, were included. This study measured cognitive function using the Short-Portable Mental Status Questionnaire, and nutritional status was assessed using the Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form. The mediation analysis examined the potential mediating role of nutritional status. The pathway analysis was supplemented and validated using the structural equation modelling framework. Multiple linear regression demonstrated that a higher number of residual teeth was correlated with enhanced cognitive function (β = -0.15; 95% CI: -0.19 to -0.111). The mediation model, from the number of residual teeth to cognitive impairment, was partially mediated by nutritional status (β = -0.0608; 95% CI: -0.0762 to -0.0461). The proportion of the mediating effect, expressed as a percentage, was 40.66%. Furthermore, the estimated coefficients for the number of residual teeth and nutritional status varied across ethnic groups. This study indicated that enhancing the nutrition of older adults could reduce the adverse effects of the number of residual teeth on cognitive function among older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Li
- West China School of Nursing, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Y.L.); (Y.H.)
| | - Xin Xia
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China;
| | - Wenwen Wu
- West China School of Nursing, Innovation Center of Nursing Research, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China;
| | - Xin Tian
- West China School of Nursing, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Y.L.); (Y.H.)
| | - Yuexia Hu
- West China School of Nursing, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Y.L.); (Y.H.)
| | - Birong Dong
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China;
| | - Yanyan Wang
- Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Science and Technology Department, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Yao S, Xiao S, Jin X, Xiong M, Peng J, Jian L, Mei Y, Huang Y, Zhou H, Xu T. Effect of a community-based child health counselling intervention on health-seeking behaviours, complementary feeding and nutritional condition among children aged 6-23 months in rural China: A pre- and post-comparison study. MATERNAL & CHILD NUTRITION 2022; 18:e13289. [PMID: 34816596 PMCID: PMC8710108 DOI: 10.1111/mcn.13289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In China, the prevalence of undernutrition among children under 5 years of age has declined significantly during recent decades. However, noticeable gaps exist between rural and urban areas. Since 2012, a government-funded nutrition programme, Ying Yang Bao (YYB; soybean powder-based iron-rich supplement) programme, has been implemented in poor rural areas to decrease the risk of developing anaemia among children aged 6-23 months, but there are still inadequate health care awareness, feeding knowledge and skills among caregivers. From June 2018 to December 2020, a child health counselling intervention was delivered through a home visit based on the YYB programme in Liangshan. Child health messages were given by trained village child health assistants while distributing YYB. Surveys were conducted before and after the intervention to analyse changes in child health check-up frequency, complementary feeding practice and prevalence of undernutrition. After the intervention, the proportion of children who had regular health check-ups, who were vaccinated and who met the minimum YYB consumption significantly increased from 26.0%, 81.6%, and 67.8% to 59.7%, 95.0%, and 79.2%. Increased rates of IYCF indicators (introduction of solid, semisolid, or soft foods, minimum dietary diversity and consumption of iron-rich or iron-fortified foods) were observed after the intervention. The prevalence of stunting, underweight, wasting, and anaemia significantly decreased from 26.3% to 10.8%, 13.4% to 8.7%, 14.0% to 10.5%, and 52.1% to 43.9%. This intervention can be well integrated into the YYB programme with less additional resources. Children in resource-limited areas will benefit more from a comprehensive nutritional package, including food supplements and child health education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyi Yao
- Child Health Care Department, National Center for Women and Children's Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Shuyue Xiao
- Child Health Care Department, National Center for Women and Children's Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Xi Jin
- Child Health Care Department, National Center for Women and Children's Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Mei Xiong
- Division of Program Management, Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture Hospital for Women and Children's Health, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Peng
- Division of Program Management, Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture Hospital for Women and Children's Health, Sichuan, China
| | - Lijun Jian
- Child Health Care Department, Butuo County Hospital for Women and Children's Health, Sichuan, China
| | - Yongli Mei
- Division of Program Management, Meigu County Hospital for Women and Children's Health, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuehua Huang
- Child Health Care Department, Yuexi County Hospital for Women and Children's Health, Sichuan, China
| | - Haiqun Zhou
- Child Health Care Department, Zhaojue County Hospital for Women and Children's Health, Sichuan, China
| | - Tao Xu
- Child Health Care Department, National Center for Women and Children's Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
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