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Monalisa K, Sahoo B. Clinical profile and photocontact sensitivity pattern in patients with cosmetic dermatitis: A prospective study. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2024; 0:1-7. [PMID: 38841970 DOI: 10.25259/ijdvl_1110_2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Background With the rise in cosmetic usage, adverse reactions related to cosmetics have also risen. Photocontact dermatitis to cosmetics is a challenging entity to diagnose and manage. Objectives To evaluate the clinical features and photocontact sensitivity patterns in patients with cosmetic dermatitis and establish their association based on patch and photopatch test results. Methods A prospective observational study, where 80 patients with a clinical diagnosis of cosmetic dermatitis were patch or photopatch tested (as per indication) with the Indian standard series, Indian cosmetic and fragrance series, and the patient's personal product(s). Results A total of 104 positive reactions were observed in 57/80 patients, of which 50 were relevant to cosmetics usage. Sixty-five patients underwent a photopatch test, and 17 tested positive. Photosensitivity in patients was significantly associated with a positive photopatch test (p-value < 0.001). Various new photo-allergens were discovered, including propylene glycol, triethanolamine, chloroacetamide, isopropyl myristate, cetrimide and hexamine. Facial melanosis was a predominant clinical finding in 44 patients, with pigmented contact dermatitis detected in 19 (43.2%) of these cases. Limitations Patients' personal products could not be tested on every patient. Chemical analysis of indigenous products and the individual chemical ingredients of the patient's personal products could not be patch-tested separately. Phototesting was not performed in patients with photosensitivity. Conclusion In patients with suspected cosmetic dermatitis with history of photosensitivity or those with facial melanosis of unknown origin, a photopatch test is crucial to detect potentially hidden photo allergens. Many new photo allergens have emerged in the present study. Cosmetic companies should provide detailed information regarding each constituent of the cosmetic products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumari Monalisa
- Department of Dermatology, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India
| | - Bijaylaxmi Sahoo
- Department of Dermatology, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India
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2
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Zhang M, Zhang M, Zeng Q, Lin D, Zhang N. Association of p-phenylenediamine exposure with alterations of pulmonary function, pruritus and health-related quality of life in hair dye factory workers: a cross-sectional study. Sci Rep 2023; 13:2623. [PMID: 36788348 PMCID: PMC9929233 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-29721-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
P-Phenylenediamine (PPD) is a common component of hair dye, which can cause skin contact allergy and asthma with impaired pulmonary function. However, the adverse effects of occupational exposure to different dose PPD was rarely mentioned. We recruited 124 workers from a hair dye factory to explore the association of occupational PPD exposure on pulmonary function, pruritus and health related quality of life (HRQL). We categorized exposure to PPD into 3 levels: lower exposure group (< 0.00001 mg/m3); middle exposure group (0.00001-0.00033 mg/m3); higher exposure group (0.00033-0.047 mg/m3). The HRQL and subjective pruritus of the workers were assessed by the short form 36 health survey (SF-36) and Visual analogue scale (VAS) of pruritus, respectively. In the high PPD-exposed group, the percentage of FEV1 (FEV1%) was lower in higher exposure group compared with lower exposure group. The FEV1/FVC was also lower in comparison to the higher exposure and middle exposure groups (p < 0.05). PPD levels were negatively correlated with vitality and mental health (p < 0.01). The structural equation model showed the positive effects of PPD on VAS level (β = 0.213, p < 0.001), and indicated partly negtive effects of PPD on total score of SF-36 (β = - 0.465, p = 0.002), respectively. Our results indicate that occupational exposure to PPD might be associated with pulmonary function impairment, poor HRQL, and subjective pruritus of the workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhang
- Shenzhen Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases, Shenzhen, 518020, People's Republic of China.
| | - Meibian Zhang
- grid.198530.60000 0000 8803 2373National Institute of Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100050 People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiang Zeng
- grid.464467.3Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin, 300011 People’s Republic of China
| | - Dafeng Lin
- Shenzhen Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases, Shenzhen, 518020 People’s Republic of China
| | - Naixing Zhang
- Shenzhen Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases, Shenzhen, 518020, People's Republic of China.
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3
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Ito A, Suzuki K, Matsunaga K, Yagami A, Ito T, Tamagawa-Mineoka R, Adachi A, Sugiura M, Miyazawa H, Kato A, Nakada T, Nishioka K, Kubota Y, Matsukura S, Watanabe Y, Asada H, Kanto H. Patch testing with the Japanese baseline series 2015: a four-year experience. Contact Dermatitis 2021; 86:189-195. [PMID: 34921568 DOI: 10.1111/cod.14027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Japanese baseline series (JBS), established in 1994, was updated in 2008 and in 2015. The JBS 2015 is a modification of the Thin-layer Rapid Use Epicutaneous (TRUE) test (SmartPractice Denmark, Hillerød, Denmark). No nationwide studies concerning the TRUE test have previously been reported. OBJECTIVES To determine the prevalence of sensitizations to JBS 2015 allergens from 2015 to 2018. METHODS We investigated JBS 2015 patch test results using the web-registered Skin Safety Case Information-Net (SSCI-Net) from April 2015 to March 2019. RESULTS Patch test results of 5865 patients were registered from 63 facilities. The five allergens with the highest positivity rates were gold sodium thiosulfate (GST, 25.7%), nickel sulfate (24.5%), urushiol (9.1%), p-phenylene diamine (PPD, 8.9%) and cobalt chloride (8.4%). The five allergens with the lowest positivity rates were mercaptobenzothiazole (0.8%), formaldehyde (0.9%), paraben mix (1.1%), mercapto mix (1.1%), and PPD black rubber mix (1.4%). CONCLUSIONS Nickel sulfate and GST had the highest positivity rates. The JBS 2015, including a modified TRUE test, is suitable for baseline series patch testing. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Ito
- Department of Dermatology, Nagata Clinic, Niigata, Niigata, Japan.,Japanese Contact Dermatitis Research Group, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kayoko Suzuki
- Japanese Contact Dermatitis Research Group, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan.,Department of Allergology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kayoko Matsunaga
- Japanese Contact Dermatitis Research Group, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan.,Department of Integrative Medical Science for Allergic Disease, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Akiko Yagami
- Japanese Contact Dermatitis Research Group, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan.,Department of Allergology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Takashi Ito
- Japanese Contact Dermatitis Research Group, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan.,Department of Dermatology, Toho University Omori Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Risa Tamagawa-Mineoka
- Japanese Contact Dermatitis Research Group, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan.,Department of Dermatology Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Atsuko Adachi
- Japanese Contact Dermatitis Research Group, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan.,Department of Dermatology, Hyogo Prefectural Kakogawa Medical Center, Kakogawa, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Mariko Sugiura
- Japanese Contact Dermatitis Research Group, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan.,Environmental Dermatology & Allergology, Daiichi Clinic, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Miyazawa
- Japanese Contact Dermatitis Research Group, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan.,Nishi-Sapporo Skin and Allergy Clinic, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Atsuko Kato
- Japanese Contact Dermatitis Research Group, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan.,Department of Dermatology, Gokeikai Osaka Kaisei Hospital, Osaka, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tokio Nakada
- Japanese Contact Dermatitis Research Group, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan.,Department of Dermatology, Showa University Fujigaoka Hospital, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kazue Nishioka
- Japanese Contact Dermatitis Research Group, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan.,Joy Dermatological Clinic, Sanyo-Onoda, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Yumiko Kubota
- Japanese Contact Dermatitis Research Group, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan.,Department of Dermatology, Fukuoka Sanno Hospital, Fukuoka, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Setsuko Matsukura
- Japanese Contact Dermatitis Research Group, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan.,Department of Dermatology, Saiseikai Yokohamashi Nanbu Hospital, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yuko Watanabe
- Japanese Contact Dermatitis Research Group, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan.,Watanabe Skin and Plastic Surgery Clinic, Matsuyama, Ehime, Japan
| | - Hideo Asada
- Japanese Contact Dermatitis Research Group, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan.,Department of Dermatology, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Hiromi Kanto
- Japanese Contact Dermatitis Research Group, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan.,Department of Dermatology, Toho University Omori Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
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4
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Encabo Durán B, Romero-Pérez D, Silvestre Salvador J. Allergic Contact Dermatitis Due to Paraphenylenediamine: An Update. ACTAS DERMO-SIFILIOGRAFICAS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.adengl.2018.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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5
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Han JH, Lee HJ, Bang CH, Lee JH, Park YM, Lee JY. P-Phenylenediamine Hair Dye Allergy and Its Clinical Characteristics. Ann Dermatol 2018; 30:316-321. [PMID: 29853746 PMCID: PMC5929949 DOI: 10.5021/ad.2018.30.3.316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Background P-phenylenediamine (PPD) has been identified as the most frequent contact sensitizer of hair dye and the clinical characteristics of hair dye contact allergy (HDCA) are diverse. Objective The purpose of this study was to identify the clinical characteristics of HDCA and to assess the relationships between HDCA, exposure time to PPD and PPD positivity. Methods We analyzed 105 patients with patch test-confirmed hair dye allergy who presented between July 2009 and March 2015. Clinical symptoms, signs, associated skin diseases, involved ACD area, and patterns of hair dye use were obtained by reviewing medical records and by interview. Results HDCA was more common in women and in individuals aged more than 50 years. Pruritus was the most common symptom; erythematous macules and patches were the most frequently observed clinical signs. The most common site of HDCA was the face and non-specific eczema and urticaria were frequently observed with HDCA. Exposure time to hair dye, represented as frequency and duration, showed a positive correlation with the area affected by hair dye allergy (p<0.001). Hair dye allergy was identified in most patients (80%) before diagnosis by patch test. However, only 28.6% of all patients stopped using hair dye, even after the diagnosis was confirmed. Conclusion The extent of hair dye allergy involvement was related to exposure time to hair dye. For effective treatment of HDCA, it is important to properly educate patients with HDCA about the clinical manifestations of HDCA and to keep away from allergens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Hee Han
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Ji Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chul Hwan Bang
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Min Park
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jun Young Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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6
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Encabo Durán B, Romero-Pérez D, Silvestre Salvador JF. Allergic Contact Dermatitis Due to Paraphenylenediamine: An Update. ACTAS DERMO-SIFILIOGRAFICAS 2018; 109:602-609. [PMID: 29496197 DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2017.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Paraphenylenediamine (PPD) is an amine that is mainly used as an ingredient in hair dyes and henna tattoos. The incidence of allergic contact dermatitis to PPD is increasing, particularly in younger patients. In this article, we review the main sources of PPD and the substances with which it can interact and present a practical algorithm for diagnosing and treating suspected cases of PPD allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Encabo Durán
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital General Universitario de Alicante, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante, Alicante, España.
| | - D Romero-Pérez
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital General Universitario de Alicante, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante, Alicante, España
| | - J F Silvestre Salvador
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital General Universitario de Alicante, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante, Alicante, España
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Ito A, Nishioka K, Kanto H, Yagami A, Yamada S, Sugiura M, Yasunaga C, Yoshii K, Kobayashi H, Adachi A, Ikezawa Y, Washizaki K, Inui S, Miyazawa H, Oiso N, Nakata T, Matsunaga K. A multi-institutional joint study of contact dermatitis related to hair colouring and perming agents in Japan. Contact Dermatitis 2017; 77:42-48. [PMID: 28425114 DOI: 10.1111/cod.12783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Revised: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Japan, allergic contact dermatitis caused by hair colouring agents is a considerable problem for those occupationally exposed and also for consumers. Over the last 20 years, p-phenylenediamine (PPD) has been a common allergen, with ∼7% positive patch test reactions. OBJECTIVES To investigate which ingredients caused allergic contact dermatitis related to hair dye and perming solutions in Japan, to assess whether PPD is suitable for screening for hair dye allergy, and to propose allergens for a Japanese hairdresser series. METHODS We selected 19 hair cosmetic allergens, including PPD, Bandrowski's base, cysteamine HCl, and ammonium thioglycolate. Altogether 203 patients (26 males and 177 females) with suspected contact allergy to hair colouring or perming solutions at 14 hospitals in Japan were included. RESULTS The highest prevalence of positive reactions (35.1%) was for PPD. p-Methylaminophenol and o-aminophenol were often positive, both in the PPD-positive and in the PPD-negative patients. Moreover, cysteamine HCl often yielded positive test reactions. CONCLUSIONS PPD is insufficient to diagnose contact allergy caused by to hair dyes. We recommend 13 allergens to be included in a Japanese hairdresser series.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Ito
- Department of Dermatology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, 951-8520, Japan
| | | | - Hiromi Kanto
- Department of Dermatology, Toho University Omori Medical Centre, Ohta-ku, 143-8541, Japan
| | - Akiko Yagami
- Department of Dermatology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, 470-1100, Japan
| | - Shigeki Yamada
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, 470-1100, Japan
| | - Mariko Sugiura
- Department of Environmental Dermatology and Allergology, Daiichi Clinic, Nagoya, 450-0008, Japan
| | - Chihiro Yasunaga
- Department of Dermatology, Gokeikai Osaka Kaisei Hospital, Ikeda, 532-0003, Japan
| | | | - Hiromi Kobayashi
- Department of Dermatology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan
| | - Atsuko Adachi
- Department of Dermatology, Hyogo Prefectural Kakogawa Medical Centre, Kakogawa, 675-8611, Japan
| | - Yuko Ikezawa
- Department of Dermatology, Chigasaki Municipal Hospital, Chigasaki, 253-0042, Japan
| | - Kumiko Washizaki
- Department of Dermatology, Toho University Omori Medical Centre, Ohta-ku, 143-8541, Japan
| | - Shigeki Inui
- Department of Regenerative Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | | | - Naoki Oiso
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Dermatology, Kindai University, Osakasayama, 589-0014, Japan
| | - Tokio Nakata
- Department of Dermatology, Showa University Fujigaoka Hospital, Yokohama, 227-8501, Japan
| | - Kayoko Matsunaga
- Department of Dermatology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, 470-1100, Japan.,Department of Integrative Medical Science for Allergic Disease, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, 470-1100, Japan
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8
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Kock M, Coenraads PJ, Blömeke B, Goebel C. Continuous usage of a hair dye product containing 2-methoxymethyl-para-phenylenediamine by hair-dye-allergic individuals. Br J Dermatol 2016; 174:1042-50. [PMID: 26749506 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.14390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite a positive patch test reaction to para-phenylenediamine (PPD) and/or toluene-2,5-diamine (PTD), many people attempt to continue dyeing their hair with products containing PPD or its derivatives. OBJECTIVES Investigation of elicitation reactions among PPD/PTD-allergic individuals to hair dye products containing the less sensitizing PPD derivative 2-methoxymethyl (ME)-PPD. METHODS Elicitation reactions were studied in 43 PPD/PTD-allergic individuals by a 45-min pretest with an ME-PPD-containing hair dye on their forearm. Upon a negative result this was followed by exposure to subsequent hair colour treatment(s). RESULTS Overall, 38 of 43 PPD/PTD-allergic individuals did not develop an elicitation reaction during the pretest with ME-PPD-containing hair dye products, and were eligible for subsequent hair colour treatments. Of these 38 PPD/PTD-allergic individuals, 29 tolerated subsequent hair dyeing with ME-PPD-containing hair dye products, while seven showed mild and two showed moderate/marked allergic reactions upon the first hair colour treatment. CONCLUSIONS Hair dye products with the less sensitizing ME-PPD were tolerated by 29 of 43 (67%) PPD/PTD-allergic individuals throughout continued hair dyeing with an average of nine treatments per year. Five individuals reacted upon pretesting, while only mild-to-moderate/marked skin reactions occurred upon hair dyeing in nine individuals who were not identified by the pretest. To our knowledge this is the first study among PPD/PTD-allergic individuals indicating that a negative 45-min pretest with a hair dye product helps to avoid severe allergic reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kock
- Global Safety Surveillance & Analysis and Central Product Safety, The Procter & Gamble Co., Schwalbach am Taunus, Germany
| | - P-J Coenraads
- Dermatology Department, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - B Blömeke
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, University Trier, Trier, Germany
| | - C Goebel
- Global Safety Surveillance & Analysis and Central Product Safety, The Procter & Gamble Co., Schwalbach am Taunus, Germany
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