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Ali GF, Hassanein EHM, Mohamed WR. Molecular mechanisms underlying methotrexate-induced intestinal injury and protective strategies. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024:10.1007/s00210-024-03164-x. [PMID: 38822868 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-03164-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Methotrexate (MTX) is a folic acid reductase inhibitor that manages various malignancies as well as immune-mediated inflammatory chronic diseases. Despite being frequently prescribed, MTX's severe multiple toxicities can occasionally limit its therapeutic potential. Intestinal toxicity is a severe adverse effect associated with the administration of MTX, and patients are significantly burdened by MTX-provoked intestinal mucositis. However, the mechanism of such intestinal toxicity is not entirely understood, mechanistic studies demonstrated oxidative stress and inflammatory reactions as key factors that lead to the development of MTX-induced intestinal injury. Besides, MTX causes intestinal cells to express pro-inflammatory cytokines like interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), which activate nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB). This is followed by the activation of the Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of the transcription3 (JAK/STAT3) signaling pathway. Moreover, because of its dual anti-inflammatory and antioxidative properties, nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2/heme oxygenase-1 (Nrf2/HO-1) has been considered a critical signaling pathway that counteracts oxidative stress in MTX-induced intestinal injury. Several agents have potential protective effects in counteracting MTX-provoked intestinal injury such as omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, taurine, umbelliferone, vinpocetine, perindopril, rutin, hesperidin, lycopene, quercetin, apocynin, lactobacillus, berberine, zinc, and nifuroxazide. This review aims to summarize the potential redox molecular mechanisms of MTX-induced intestinal injury and how they can be alleviated. In conclusion, studying these molecular pathways might open the way for early alleviation of the intestinal damage and the development of various agent plans to attenuate MTX-mediated intestinal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaber F Ali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, 62514, Egypt
| | - Emad H M Hassanein
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut Branch, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, 71524, Egypt
| | - Wafaa R Mohamed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, 62514, Egypt.
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Akhigbe R, Odetayo A, Akhigbe T, Hamed M, Ashonibare P. Pathophysiology and management of testicular ischemia/reperfusion injury: Lessons from animal models. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27760. [PMID: 38694115 PMCID: PMC11058307 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Testicular torsion is a urological emergency that involves the twisting of the spermatic cord along its course. Compelling pieces of evidence have implicated oxidative stress-sensitive signaling in pathogenesis of testicular I/R injury. Although, surgical detorsion is the mainstay management; blockade of the pathways involved in the pathogenesis may improve the surgical outcome. Experimental studies using various testicular I/R models have been reported in a bid to explore the mechanisms associated with testicular I/R and evaluate the benefits of potential therapeutic measures; however, most are limited by their shortcomings. Thus, this review was intended to describe the details of the available testicular I/R models as well as their merits and drawbacks, the pathophysiological basis and consequences of testicular I/R, and the pharmacological agents that have being proposed to confer testicular benefits against testicular I/R. This provides an understanding of the pathophysiological events and available models used in studying testicular I/R. In addition, this research provides evidence-based molecules with therapeutic potentials as well as their mechanisms of action in testicular I/R.
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Affiliation(s)
- R.E. Akhigbe
- Department of Physiology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria
- Reproductive Biology and Toxicology Research Laboratory, Oasis of Grace Hospital, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - A.F. Odetayo
- Reproductive Biology and Toxicology Research Laboratory, Oasis of Grace Hospital, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria
- Department of Physiology, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
| | - T.M. Akhigbe
- Reproductive Biology and Toxicology Research Laboratory, Oasis of Grace Hospital, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria
- Breeding and Plant Genetics Unit, Department of Agronomy, Osun State University, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - M.A. Hamed
- Reproductive Biology and Toxicology Research Laboratory, Oasis of Grace Hospital, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
- The Brainwill Laboratory, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - P.J. Ashonibare
- Department of Physiology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria
- Reproductive Biology and Toxicology Research Laboratory, Oasis of Grace Hospital, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria
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3
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Ozyigit F, Deger AN, Kocak FE, Ekici MF, Simsek H, Arık O. Protective effects of hesperidin in gastric damage caused by experimental ischemia-reperfusion injury model in rats. Acta Cir Bras 2024; 39:e391124. [PMID: 38477785 DOI: 10.1590/acb391124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study evaluated the protective effect of hesperidin on injury induced by gastric ischemia-reperfusion. METHODS Fifty male Sprague Dawley rats (250-300 g) were divided into five groups: control (C), sham (S), ischemia (I), ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) and hesperidin + ischemia-reperfusion (Hes + I/R). Hesperidin was injected intraperitoneally at the dose of 100 mg/kg one hour before the experimental stomach ischemia-reperfusion. Celiac artery was ligated. After 45 minutes ischemia and 60 minutes reperfusion period, blood samples were obtained under anesthesia. Then, animals were sacrificed, stomach tissues were excised for biochemical, and histopathological analyses were performed. Malondialdehyde levels and superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase activities and total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), protein, total thiol parameters were measured in plasma, and tissue homogenate samples. H + E, periodic acid-Schiff, hypoxia inducible factor, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick end-labeling (TUNEL), and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) for cell proliferation as immunohistochemical parameters were determined. RESULTS Upon biochemical and histopathological assessment, hesperidin decreased stomach tissue changes in comparison with IR group. Ischemia-reperfusion injury led to a considerably increase in malondialdehyde, protein, and TOS levels (p < 0.001) in stomach tissue. Hesperidin treatment significantly decreased malondialdehyde, protein, and TOS levels (p < 0.001). Hesperidin increased superoxide dismutase, TAS, total thiol and glutathione peroxidase activities in comparison with IR group. Hesperidin reduced damage and also increased TUNEL and PCNA immunoreactivity in stomach tissue. CONCLUSIONS Hesperidin was able to decrease I/R injury of the stomach tissue due to inhibition of lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation, duration of antioxidant, and free radical scavenger properties. Consequently, hesperidin can provide a beneficial therapeutic choice for preventing stomach tissue ischemia-reperfusion injury in clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filiz Ozyigit
- Bandirma Onyedi Eylul University - Faculty of Medicine - Department of Pharmacology - Bandirma, Turkey
| | - Ayse Nur Deger
- Kutahya Health Sciences University - Faculty of Medicine - Department of Pathology - Kutahya, Turkey
| | - Fatma Emel Kocak
- Kutahya Health Sciences University - Faculty of Medicine - Department of Medical Biochemistry - Kutahya, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Fatih Ekici
- Kutahya Health Sciences University - Faculty of Medicine - Department of General Surgery - Kutahya, Turkey
| | - Hasan Simsek
- Aksaray University - Faculty of Medicine - Department of Physiology - Aksaray, Turkey
| | - Ozlem Arık
- Kutahya Health Sciences University - Faculty of Medicine - Department of Biostatistics - Kutahya, Turkey
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Nabil I, Eid AA, Yassin HA, Abouelrous RA, Solaiman AA. Protective role of hesperidin in finasteride-induced testicular toxicity in adult male Wistar rats: Insights into oxidative stress, apoptosis, and ultrastructure of seminiferous tubules. Reprod Toxicol 2024; 124:108535. [PMID: 38216069 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2024.108535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
A negative impact of finasteride on fertility has been reported, in which over production of reactive oxygen species and apoptosis were implicated. Hesperidin, a plant-derived bioflavonoid with antioxidant and anti-apoptotic effects, may mitigate these adverse effects. In order to investigate the possible protective role of hesperidin against finasteride-induced seminiferous tubules toxicity in adult male Wistar rats, 60 rats were randomized into five groups (I-V) receiving distilled water, 0.5% sodium carboxymethylcellulose solution, hesperidin, finasteride, and combined hesperidin and finasteride respectively. Testicular weight, sperm count and motility were determined. Testicular tissue homogenates were prepared to measure the level of malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), reduced glutathione (GSH) and the gene expression of caspase-3 and B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl2). Testes were processed for light and electron microscopic evaluation. Johnsen score was calculated. Administration of finasteride resulted in significantly decreased testicular weights, sperm count and motility, Johnsen score, tissue levels of TAC and GSH together with significant increase in tissue MDA. Gene expression revealed significantly increased caspase-3 and decreased Bcl2. Furthermore, finasteride disrupted the seminiferous tubules, causing degenerative changes affecting Sertoli cells and spermatogenic cells. Co-administration of hesperidin with finasteride resulted in improvement in testicular weights, TAC, GSH, Bcl2, Johnsen score, sperm count and motility as well as preservation of the structure of the seminiferous tubules. To conclude, hesperidin was found to have a protective potential on finasteride-induced oxidative stress, apoptosis and testicular structural damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iman Nabil
- Department of Histology & Cell biology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Amira Abulfotooh Eid
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Andrology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Hend A Yassin
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Rana Ahmed Abouelrous
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Amany A Solaiman
- Department of Histology & Cell biology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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Sharifnia M, Eftekhari Z, Mortazavi P. Niosomal hesperidin attenuates the M1/M2-macrophage polarization-based hepatotoxicity followed chlorpyrifos -induced toxicities in mice. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 198:105724. [PMID: 38225079 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Chlorpyrifos(CPF) is a well-known hepatotoxic agent that has side effects on several organs. On the contrary, hepatic macrophages are crucial in maintaining liver tissue integrity. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effects and possible mechanisms of niosomal hesperidin (Nio + Hesp), a flavanone glycoside found in citrus fruits, on M1-M2 liver macrophage polarization and inflammatory cells in the brain, liver, and ovarian tissues. Forty C57 mice were divided into CPF(3 mg/kg), Sham(Dimethyl sulfoxide 40 μL/kg), CPF + Hesp(100 mg/kg), and CPF + Nio + Hesp (100 mg/kg) groups. The activity of sera superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA), brain, liver, and ovary tissues changes, and M1-M2 liver macrophage polarization were evaluated by examining the expression of CD163 and CD68 genes. Hepatic lesions consisting of sporadic foci of coagulation necrosis, inflammatory cell reaction, and regenerative fibrosis were seen following CPF injection, reflected by significant overexpression of CD163 and CD68 genes. In comparison, Nio + Hesp declined the amount of cell apoptosis in the liver and downregulated CD163 and CD68 gene expression. Both Nio + Hesp and Hesp alleviated CPF-induced hepatotoxicity, however, Nio + Hesp was superior to hesperidin in the downregulation of the CD163 and CD68 gene expression. Even though a significant difference between hesperidin and Nio + Hesp was observed in the number of Graafian follicles, corpus luteum, and peri-antral follicles, no substantial difference was observed in primary follicles. The ameliorative effects of Hesp and Nio + Hesp may be at least in part due to their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. These findings showed that both M1- and M2-macrophages contributed to the development of hepatic lesions induced by CPF and provided information about macrophage activation, indicating the importance of analysis of macrophage phenotypes for hepatotoxicity based on M1/M2-polarization which can be downregulated by niosomal nesperidin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Sharifnia
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zohre Eftekhari
- Biotchnology Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Pejman Mortazavi
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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Ermiş IS, Deveci E, Aşır F. Effects of Quince Gel and Hesperidin Mixture on Experimental Endometriosis. Molecules 2023; 28:5945. [PMID: 37630196 PMCID: PMC10458919 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28165945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Endometriosis (EM) is the presence of endometrial tissue outside the uterus. This study aimed to examine the effects of quince gel and hesperidin treatment on uterine tissue in an experimental endometriosis model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-two rats were categorized into four groups as sham, EM, EM+quince gel (QG), and EM+QG+Hesperidin (HES). The endometriosis (EM) model was induced with surgical intervention. Estradiol benzoate (EB) was used to induce endometrial hyperplasia. In the EM group, EB was given to rats for 7 days. The EM+QG group received 2 cc QG for 21 days. HES treatment was given for 21 days after EM induction. At the end of the experiment, blood was taken from the animals and the serum total antioxidant status (TAS) and total oxidant status (TOS) values were studied. Uterine tissues were dissected and processed for histological paraffin embedding. Tissues were fixed in 4% glutaraldehyde solution and processed for ultrastructural analysis. RESULTS After EM, QG and HES treatment significantly increased the TAS and decreased the TOS value. EM caused epithelial and glandular degeneration, thinning of the basal membranes, and vascular dilatation with increased fibrosis and edema. QG+HES restored the pathology and showed protective effects in uterine tissues. Caspase-3 expression was increased in the epithelium, glands, and muscle layers of the EM group. In EM+QG+HES, hesperidin protected cell survival and decreased Caspase-3 expression in uterine tissues. TNF-α expression was intense in inflammatory cells and the muscle layer in the EM group. HES reduced inflammation by decreasing the TNF-α expression. MAPK expression was increased after EM induction in epithelial, glandular, and inflammatory cells in the EM group. After HES treatment, MAPK expression was mainly negative in cells of uterine tissue in the EM+QG+HES group. Ultrastructurally, in the EM group, organelles were disrupted and dilated and degenerated after EM induction. QG and HES treatment improved cellular organelles. CONCLUSION Local vaginal applications can be an alternative treatment method in the endometriosis model via QG+HES treatment promoting cell proliferation and angiogenesis and preventing cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Işılay Sezen Ermiş
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical Faculty, Harran University, Şanlıurfa 63050, Turkey
| | - Engin Deveci
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical Faculty, Dicle University, Diyarbakır 21280, Turkey; (E.D.); (F.A.)
| | - Fırat Aşır
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical Faculty, Dicle University, Diyarbakır 21280, Turkey; (E.D.); (F.A.)
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Abdel-Kader MS, Abdel-Rahman RF, Althurwi HN, Soliman GA, Ogaly HA, Albaqami FF. Samarcandin protects against testicular ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats via activation of Nrf2/HO-1-mediated antioxidant responses. Saudi Pharm J 2023; 31:1186-1196. [PMID: 37273262 PMCID: PMC10236372 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2023.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of samarcandin (SMR) in preventing testicular injury caused by ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) in rats. Rats were divided into 4 groups at random: the sham group, the T/D control group (CONT), the T/D group receiving SMR treatment at 10 mg/kg (SMR-10), and the T/D group receiving SMR treatment at 20 mg/kg (SMR-20). When compared to the CONT group, SMR improved the oxidant/antioxidant balance by reducing malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NOx), and increasing reduced glutathione (GSH), gluta-thione peroxide (GSH-Px), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Moreover, SMR increased the levels of the steroid hormones' testosterone (TST), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and luteinizing hormone (LH) in the blood as well as controlled the inflammatory mediators; interleukin-6 (IL6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). Nevertheless, SMR-treated animals showed a considerable downregulation of the apoptotic marker caspase-3. The T/D-induced histopathological changes were reduced and Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen (PCNA) protein expression was enhanced by SMR. These effects are associated with upregulation of testicular (Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and downregulation of NF-κB mRNA expression levels. These findings suggest that SMR may be able to prevent T/D-induced testis damage by mainly regulating the expression of Nrf2 and NF-B, which seems to mediate its promising antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic effects seen in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maged S. Abdel-Kader
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21215, Egypt
| | | | - Hassan N. Althurwi
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gamal A. Soliman
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Hanan A. Ogaly
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Faisal F. Albaqami
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
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Önder GÖ, Göktepe Ö, Baran M, Bitgen N, Aydin F, Yay A. Therapeutic potential of hesperidin: Apoptosis induction in breast cancer cell lines. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 176:113791. [PMID: 37080525 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.113791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
Hesperidin is a flavonoid commonly found in citrus fruits. Studies have shown that hesperidin has anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antimicrobial properties, as well as its effectiveness in carcinogenesis. In this paper, we aim to investigate the molecular mechanisms of hesperidin-induced apoptosis in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cancer cells. The inhibitory effect of hesperidin on cellular proliferation was evaluated with the MTT assay. Cell cycle analysis of hesperidin-treated cells was then performed, as well as immunocytochemical analysis of the effect on the apoptosis pathway (TUNEL, Bax, and Bcl-2 expression). Moreover, hesperidin induced cellular apoptosis in MCF-7 breast cancer cells by inhibiting Bcl-2 and enhancing Bax expression at protein levels. On the other hand, hesperidin caused apoptosis in the MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line, but it did not activate the Bax/Bcl-2 pathway. Hesperidin also induced cell cycle arrest at the S phase in the MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines. These findings showed that hesperidin is a potential therapeutic candidate for preventing the progression of breast cancer. In addition, hesperidin could significantly stimulate the death mechanisms in ER/PR (+) MCF-7 cells by changing the expression balance of Bax and Bcl-2 proteins, but lead ER/PR (-) MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells to apoptosis in a different way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gözde Özge Önder
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey; Genome and Stem Cell Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
| | - Özge Göktepe
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey; Genome and Stem Cell Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
| | - Münevver Baran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Basic Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
| | - Nazmiye Bitgen
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey; Genome and Stem Cell Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
| | - Funda Aydin
- Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Basic Sciences, Van, Turkey.
| | - Arzu Yay
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey; Genome and Stem Cell Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
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Zhang H, Zhu Y, Jin C, Shi L, Xie Y, Sun X, Li P, Zhu X, Dai Q, Yang F, Xie X, Qin L. Oct4 reduction contributes to testicular injury of unilateral testicular torsion in mice model and apoptotic death of Sertoli cells through mediating CIP2A expression. Gene 2023; 860:147214. [PMID: 36690227 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
This study explored the mechanism of ipsilateral testis injury after ipsilateral testicular torsion detorsion (T/D) and the potential testis-protective part of the octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (Oct4)-cancerous inhibitors of protein phosphatase 2A (CIP2A) axis in a T/D animal model and in ischemia-reperfusion (IR)-treated testicular Sertoli TM4 cells. Quantitative Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and western blot (WB) confirmed the downregulation of both CIP2A and Oct4 expression in the testicular tissue from T/D mice compared with sham-operated mice. T/D model was then established in mice with upregulated Oct4 expression in the testis. Oct4 elevation restored CIP2A expression in testes after T/D treatment. Furthermore, we observed that an increase in Oct4 ameliorated the testicular damage caused by torsion in the testis. Biochemical analysis indicated that T/D treatment increased serum anti-sperm antibody levels, but reduced testosterone levels. Meanwhile, in testicular tissue, reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), and activity of testicular myeloperoxidase (MPO) enzymes were promoted, while glutathione peroxidase activity (GPx) was decreased by T/D injury. Notably, testicular Oct4 restoration partially counteracted the effect of T/D treatment on these biochemical indices. Hypoxia/reoxygenation (HR) treatment was applied to TM4 cells to mimic TT injury in vitro. A gain-of-function study showed that Oct4 overexpression partly counteracted the promoting role of HR in cell damage, apoptosis, and oxidative stress in TM4 cells. These observations provide novel insights into the possible biochemical mechanism underlying the mediation of the Oct4-CIP2A axis in T/D injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haochuan Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Yiting Zhu
- Department of Second Clinical Medical School, Whenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Chengli Jin
- Department of First Clinical Medical School, Whenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Lingxin Shi
- Department of Second Clinical Medical School, Whenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Ying Xie
- Department of Second Clinical Medical School, Whenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Xinyi Sun
- Department of Second Clinical Medical School, Whenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Peizhen Li
- Department of Second Clinical Medical School, Whenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Xinyi Zhu
- Department of Second Clinical Medical School, Whenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Quanquan Dai
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wenzhou Yongjia County Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Fan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering in Guizhou Province, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China; Bio-XInstitutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Research Center for Lin He Academician New Medicine, Institutes for Shanghai Pudong Decoding Life, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xiaoxiao Xie
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Le Qin
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Yesil S, Ozdemir C, Arslan M, Gundogdu AC, Kavutcu M, Atan A. Protective effect of cerium oxide on testicular function and oxidative stress after torsion/detorsion in adult male rats. Exp Ther Med 2022; 25:1. [PMID: 36561629 PMCID: PMC9748645 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Testicular torsion (T)/detorsion (D) can cause testicular injury due to the rotation of the spermatic cord and its vessels, therefore it represents an urological emergency that is surgically treated. Oxidative damage occurs in the testis and distant organs because of the overproduction of free radicals and overexpression of proinflammatory cytokines by reperfusion after surgery. Cerium oxide (CeO2) nanoparticles, a material also known as nanoceria, have regenerative antioxidant properties on oxidative stress. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of nanoceria on testis tissues in testicular T/D in rats. A total of 24 rats were equally and randomly divided into four groups: Control, CeO2, T/D and CeO2-T/D groups. Left inguinoscrotal incision was performed in the control group. In the CeO2 group, 0.5 mg/kg CeO2 was given intraperitoneally 30 min before inguinoscrotal incision. In the T/D group, unilateral testicular T/D was performed through an inguinoscrotal incision and rotating the left testis 720˚ clockwise, which was then left ischemic for 120 min, followed by 120 min of reperfusion. In the CeO2-T/D group, 0.5 mg/kg CeO2 was given intraperitoneally 30 min before testicular T/D. At the end of the experiment, testis tissues were removed for histopathological and biochemical examinations. The samples were histologically examined, Glutathione-s transferase (GST), catalase (CAT), paraoxonase (PON) activities and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were measured via biochemical analysis methods, while the expression levels of p53, Bax and Bcl-2 were detected using immunohistochemistry. The present results revealed statistically significant inter-group differences in PON, CAT and GST activities and MDA levels. GST, CAT and PON activities were significantly higher, whereas MDA levels in the CeO2-T/D group were significantly lower compared with those in the T/D group. The T/D group had increased Bax and decreased Bcl-2 expression levels in their seminiferous tubules compared with the control and CeO2 groups. CeO2 treatment led to downregulation of Bax and upregulation of Bcl-2. The expression of p53 was high in the T/D group compared with that in the control and CeO2 groups, and was upregulated in all germinal cells. However, compared with that in the T/D group, p53 expression was significantly decreased in the CeO2-T/D group. The testicular injury score significantly increased in the CeO2-T/D group compared with the control and CeO2 groups. Rats in the CeO2-T/D group demonstrated significantly milder tissue lesions compared with those in T/D group. The present findings indicated that nanoceria may protect testis in rats against the harmful effects of T/D. Further studies are required to evaluate how CeO2 reduces oxidative stress and cell death in testis tissue that underwent T/D-related injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suleyman Yesil
- Department of Urology, Medical Faculty, Gazi University, 06510 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Cagri Ozdemir
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Medical Faculty, Gazi University, 06510 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Arslan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Medical Faculty, Gazi University, 06510 Ankara, Turkey,Life Sciences Application and Research Center, Gazi University, 06510 Ankara, Turkey,Correspondence to: Dr Mustafa Arslan, Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Medical Faculty, Gazi University, 29 Besevler Road, 06510 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ayse Cakir Gundogdu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical Faculty, Kutahya Health Sciences University, 43050 Kutahya, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Kavutcu
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Gazi University, 06510 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ali Atan
- Department of Urology, Medical Faculty, Gazi University, 06510 Ankara, Turkey
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11
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Azmy AM, Abd Elbaki BT, Ali MA, Mahmoud AA. Effect of ozone versus naringin on testicular injury in experimentally induced ulcerative colitis in adult male albino rats. Ultrastruct Pathol 2022; 46:439-461. [DOI: 10.1080/01913123.2022.2132337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abeer M. Azmy
- Medical Histology and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Bassant T. Abd Elbaki
- Medical Histology and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Mohammed A. Ali
- Medical Histology and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Abeer A Mahmoud
- Medical Histology and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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12
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Vitamin D3 Prevents the Deleterious Effects of Testicular Torsion on Testis by Targeting miRNA-145 and ADAM17: In Silico and In Vivo Study. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14121222. [PMID: 34959623 PMCID: PMC8703569 DOI: 10.3390/ph14121222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Testicular torsion (TT) is the most common urological emergency in children and young adults that can lead to infertility in many cases. The ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury due to TT has been implicated in the pathogenesis of testicular damage. The main pathological mechanisms of contralateral injury after ipsilateral TT are not fully understood. In the presented study, we investigated the molecular and microscopic basis of ipsilateral and contralateral testicular injury following ipsilateral testicular torsion detorsion (T/D) and explored the possible protective role of vitamin D3. The biochemical analysis indicated that IR injury following T/D significantly decreased the activity of testicular glutathione peroxidase (GPx) enzyme, level of serum testosterone, serum inhibin B, and expression of testicular miRNA145, while increased the activity of testicular myeloperoxidase (MPO) enzyme, level of testicular malondialdehyde (MDA), level of serum antisperm-antibody (AsAb), and expression of ADAM-17. The histological and semen analysis revealed that torsion of the testis caused damages on different tissues in testis. Interestingly, administration of vitamin D3 prior to the IR injury reversed the deterioration effect of IR injury on the testicular tissues as indicated by biochemical and histological analysis which revealed normal appearance of the seminiferous tubules with an apparent decrease in collagen fiber deposition in both ipsilateral and contralateral testes. Our results revealed that the protective effect of vitamin D3 treatment could be attributed to target miRNA145 and ADAM17 protein. To further investigate these findings, we performed a detailed molecular modelling study in order to explore the binding affinity of vitamin D3 toward ADAM17 protein. Our results revealed that vitamin D3 has the ability to bind to the active site of ADAM17 protein via a set of hydrophobic and hydrophilic interactions with high docking score. In conclusion, this study highlights the protective pharmacological application of vitamin D3 to ameliorate the damages of testicular T/D on the testicular tissues via targeting miRNA145 and ADAM17 protein.
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13
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Balci CN, Firat T, Acar N, Kukner A. Carvacrol treatment opens Kir6.2 ATP-dependent potassium channels and prevents apoptosis on rat testis following ischemia-reperfusion injury model. ROMANIAN JOURNAL OF MORPHOLOGY AND EMBRYOLOGY 2021; 62:179-190. [PMID: 34609420 PMCID: PMC8597367 DOI: 10.47162/rjme.62.1.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Testicular torsion is a urological problem that causes subfertility and testicular damage in males. Testis torsion and detorsion lead to ischemia–reperfusion (IR) injury in the testis. Testicular IR injury causes the increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS), oxidative stress (OS) and germ cell-specific apoptosis. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether Carvacrol has a protective effect on testicular IR injury and its effects on Kir6.2 channels, which is a member of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-dependent potassium channels. In the study, 2–4 months old 36 albino Wistar rats were used. For experimental testicular IR model, the left testis was rotated counterclockwise at 720° for two hours, and after two hours following torsion, detorsion was performed. Carvacrol was dissolved in 5% Dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO) at a dose of 73 mg/kg and half an hour before detorsion, 0.2 mL was administered intraperitoneally. In testicular tissues, caspase 3 and Kir6.2 immunoexpressions were examined. Serum malondialdehyde (MDA) and testosterone levels were measured. Apoptotic cells and serum MDA levels were significantly decreased and Kir6.2 activation was significantly increased in Carvacrol-administrated IR group. As a result of our study, Carvacrol may activates Kir6.2 channels and inhibits apoptosis and may have a protective effect on testicular IR injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cemre Nur Balci
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey;
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14
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Ganjiani V, Ahmadi N, Divar MR, Sharifiyazdi H, Meimandi-Parizi A. Protective effects of crocin on testicular torsion/detorsion in rats. Theriogenology 2021; 173:241-248. [PMID: 34399388 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2021.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress, caused by extreme accumulation of un-scavenged reactive oxygen species, plays an integral role in the Ischemia-Reperfusion (I/R) injury to the testicles following testicular torsion. The current research aimed to examine the protective effects of crocin as a natural antioxidant on testicular I/R injury in rats. Animals were divided randomly into five groups (seven each): (1) sham group, (2) torsion/detorsion (T/D) group, (3) intact group with 100 mg/kg crocin, (4) and (5) T/D groups followed by treatment with two different doses of crocin (50 and 100 mg/kg (IP)). I/R injury was induced by 720° clockwise torsion of the left testicles for 2 h. After 24 h of reperfusion, blood samples and epididymal sperms were collected to measure biochemical (GPx, SOD, and MDA), hormonal (testosterone), and sperm parameters (total sperm recovery, motility, viability, and morphology). Moreover, affected testicles were subjected to histopathology examination. I/R injury caused a significant reduction in sperm characteristics (except for morphology) (P < 0.05), which could not be significantly improved by crocin administration at either dose (P > 0.05). Johnsen's testicular score, mean seminiferous tubular diameter, and germinal epithelial cell thickness were significantly decreased in the T/D group compared to the intact and sham groups. However, crocin could significantly improve the histopathological parameters in both treatment groups compared to the T/D group (P < 0.05). T/D reduced SOD and GPx activity and testosterone level significantly (except for GPx) compared to the sham group (P < 0.05). However, crocin administration could significantly reverse them. Also, crocin reduced the amount of MDA significantly in the high-dose treatment group in comparison to T/D group (P < 0.05). The results of the current study revealed that crocin could be a promising agent to protect against I/R injury following surgical correction of the testicular torsion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Ganjiani
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Nasrollah Ahmadi
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Reza Divar
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Hassan Sharifiyazdi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
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15
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Saki G, Eidi A, Mortazavi P, Panahi N, Vahdati A. Effect of β-asarone in normal and β-amyloid-induced Alzheimeric rats. Arch Med Sci 2020; 16:699-706. [PMID: 32399120 PMCID: PMC7212238 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2020.94659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION β-Asarone is a major component of Acorus tatarinowii Schott. It has pharmacological effects that include antihyperlipidemic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activity. In the present study, the effect of β-asarone on neurodegeneration induced by intrahippocampal administration of β-amyloid was investigated in adult male Wistar rats. MATERIAL AND METHODS The rats were randomly divided into 9 groups: normal control, sham-operated control, β-asarone (12.5, 25, and 50 mg/kg intragastrically, daily) alone, Alzheimeric control rats (β-amyloid, intrahippocampal), β-asarone (12.5, 25, and 50 mg/kg intragastrically, daily) together with β-amyloid, and treatment was performed accordingly. Animals were injected with β-amyloid bilaterally. Animals received β-asarone daily using an intragastric tube for 50 days, starting from 30 days before administration of the β-amyloid. The rats were sacrificed and parameters of oxidative stress, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activity were measured in hippocampus homogenate. Histopathological changes were examined by Bielschowsky staining. RESULTS Our results showed that administration of β-asarone (25 and 50 mg/kg) significantly increased the levels of antioxidant enzymes, including SOD (1.09 ±0.02, 1.21 ±0.02, p < 0.001, respectively) and GPX (58.94 ±0.78, 68.92 ±3.64, p < 0.001, respectively) in comparison with Alzheimeric control rats (SOD and GPX level for Alzheimeric control group: 0.44 ±0.01, 35.09 ±1.15, respectively). Histopathological examination showed that β-asarone decreased cell loss in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus in Alzheimeric rats. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that β-asarone is effective in providing protection against oxidative stress and neuronal damage induced by β-amyloid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Golshid Saki
- Department of Biology, Fars Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Fars, Iran
- Department of Biology, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Akram Eidi
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pejman Mortazavi
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Specialized Veterinary Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Negar Panahi
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Specialized Veterinary Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Akbar Vahdati
- Department of Biology, Fars Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Fars, Iran
- Department of Biology, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran
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16
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Moshkelani S, Asghari A, Abedi G, Jahandideh A, Mortazavi P. Effects of Magnesium Sulfate Administration on Testicular Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Rats. ARCHIVES OF RAZI INSTITUTE 2020; 75:83-91. [PMID: 32292006 DOI: 10.22092/ari.2018.123458.1251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 09/30/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed at investigating the effects of intraperitoneal (IP) administration of magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) on testicular ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury in rats. In total, 50 adult Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups. Group 1 received no injection (control); however, group 2 was subjected to 2 h of I and 24 h of R. Subsequently, group 3 was subjected to 2 h of 1, and after 1 h of I, 125 mg/kg MgSO4 was injected intraperitoneally followed by 24 h of R. Groups 4 and 5 were subjected to the same process as group 3, whereas the rats were injected with 250 and 500 mg/kg of MgSO4, respectively. After 24 h, the left testes of all rats were removed for histological analysis and antioxidant activities. According to the results, there was a significant increase in tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) among I/R rats (P&lt;0.05), whereas MgSO4 decreased I/R-induced MDA (P&lt;0.05). Furthermore, experimental I/R diminished glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels significantly (P&lt;0.05). Moreover, MgSO4 (250 and 500 mg/kg) increased GPx and SOD activity significantly in I/R rats (P&lt;0.05). Furthermore, seminiferous tubules degenerated, and few spermatocytes were observed in the testis tubules of the I/R rats. Regarding pathological parameters, seminiferous tubules and spermatocyte were normal in the testes of MgSO4 (250 and 500 mg/kg)-treated experimental I/R-induced rats. In conclusion, this study demonstrated the beneficial effects of MgSO4 on testicular IR injury in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Moshkelani
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - A Asghari
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Clinical Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - G Abedi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - A Jahandideh
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - P Mortazavi
- Department of Pathobiology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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17
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Chen LJ, Ning JZ, Cheng F, Rao T, Yu WM, Ruan Y, Wu JF, Li RG, Geng RX. Comparison of Intraperitoneal and Intratesticular GYY4137 Therapy for the Treatment of Testicular Ischemia Reperfusion Injury in Rats. Curr Med Sci 2020; 40:332-338. [DOI: 10.1007/s11596-020-2180-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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18
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Shokoohi M, Khaki A, Shoorei H, Khaki AA, Moghimian M, Abtahi-Eivary SH. Hesperidin attenuated apoptotic-related genes in testicle of a male rat model of varicocoele. Andrology 2019; 8:249-258. [PMID: 31325243 DOI: 10.1111/andr.12681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2019] [Revised: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Varicocoele is a swollen bulge of the pampiniform venous plexus inside the scrotum. It is also considered one of the causes of infertility in males. It has been demonstrated that hesperidin has remarkable pharmacological potentials, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and anticarcinogenic effects. OBJECTIVE The present study aimed to evaluate the protective effect of hesperidin on varicocoele-induced testicular tissue damage and oxidative stress in the testicles of adult male rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Animals were assigned into the following groups: control group (Ctrl) or sham, varicocoele group (Vcl) which received no treatment, varicocoele group that was daily fed with hesperidin (Vcl+Hsp) at a dose of 50 mg/kg for eight weeks, and hesperidin group (Hsp) which received only hesperidin. At the end of the treatment period, the levels of oxidative stress markers were measured in plasma, and the expression of Bax and Bcl-2 was determined by immunocytochemistry and RT-qPCR methods. The index of apoptosis was assessed by the TUNEL assay. RESULTS Johnsen's score, the epithelium thickness, and diameter of seminiferous tubules were improved in the Vcl+Hsp group as compared to the Vcl group. Treatment with hesperidin enhanced the serum levels of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzymes and decreased the heightened concentrations of malondialdehyde (MDA) in testicular tissue (p < 0.001). Moreover, our results demonstrated that hesperidin considerably diminished Bax and increased Bcl-2 expression (gene and protein) levels compared with the Vcl group (p < 0.05). It also markedly reduced the rate of programmed cell death in germ cells (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS It seems that the treatment with hesperidin could mitigate testicular tissue damage in rats underwent varicocoele possibly through its antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Shokoohi
- Women's Reproductive Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - A Khaki
- Women's Reproductive Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Pathology, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - H Shoorei
- Women's Reproductive Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - A A Khaki
- Women's Reproductive Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - M Moghimian
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | - S-H Abtahi-Eivary
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
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19
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Sedaghat Z, Kadkhodaee M, Seifi B, Salehi E. Inducible and endothelial nitric oxide synthase distribution and expression with hind limb per-conditioning of the rat kidney. Arch Med Sci 2019; 15:1081-1091. [PMID: 31360203 PMCID: PMC6657261 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2019.85651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/05/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We recently reported that a series of brief hind limb ischemia and reperfusion (IR) at the beginning of renal ischemia (remote per-conditioning - RPEC) significantly attenuated the ischemia/reperfusion-induced acute kidney injury. In the present study, we investigated whether the nitric oxide synthase (NOS) pathway is involved in the RPEC protection of the rat ischemic kidneys. MATERIAL AND METHODS Male rats were subjected to right nephrectomy and randomized as: (1) sham, no additional intervention; (2) IR, 45 min of renal ischemia followed by 24 h reperfusion; (3) RPEC, four 5 min cycles of lower limb IR administered at the beginning of renal ischemia; (4) RPEC+L-NAME (a non-specific NOS inhibitor, 10 mg/kg, i.p.) (5) RPEC + 1400W (a specific iNOS inhibitor, 1 mg/kg, i.p.). After 24 h, blood, urine and tissue samples were collected. RESULTS The protective effect of RPEC on renal function, oxidative stress indices, pro-inflammatory marker expression and histopathological changes of kidneys subjected to 45 min ischemia were completely inhibited by pretreatment with L-NAME or 1400W. It was accompanied by increased iNOS and eNOS expression in the RPEC group compared with the IR group. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that the protective effects of RPEC on renal IR injury are closely dependent on the nitric oxide production after the reperfusion and both eNOS and iNOS are involved in this protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Sedaghat
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehri Kadkhodaee
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behjat Seifi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Eisa Salehi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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20
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Qi X, Qin Z, Tang J, Han P, Xing Q, Wang K, Yu J, Zhou G, Tang M, Wang W, Zhang W. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids ameliorates testicular ischemia-reperfusion injury through the induction of Nrf2 and inhibition of NF-κB in rats. Exp Mol Pathol 2017; 103:44-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2017.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Revised: 06/17/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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21
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Ghasemnejad-Berenji M, Ghazi-Khansari M, Yazdani I, Nobakht M, Abdollahi A, Ghasemnejad-Berenji H, Mohajer Ansari J, Pashapour S, Dehpour AR. Effect of metformin on germ cell-specific apoptosis, oxidative stress and epididymal sperm quality after testicular torsion/detorsion in rats. Andrologia 2017; 50. [DOI: 10.1111/and.12846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M. Ghasemnejad-Berenji
- Department of Pharmacology; School of Medicine; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
- Experimental Medicine Research Center; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
- Department of Pharmacology; Faculty of Pharmacy; Urmia University of Medical Sciences; Urmia Iran
| | - M. Ghazi-Khansari
- Department of Pharmacology; School of Medicine; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - I. Yazdani
- Department of Pharmacology; School of Medicine; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
- Experimental Medicine Research Center; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - M. Nobakht
- Department of Anatomy; School of Medicine; Iran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - A. Abdollahi
- Department of Pathology; Cancer Institute; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - H. Ghasemnejad-Berenji
- Department of Anatomy and Reproductive Biology; School of Medicine; Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - J. Mohajer Ansari
- Department of Anatomy; School of Medicine; Iran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - S. Pashapour
- Department of Pathology; Urmia University of Medical Science; Urmia Iran
| | - A. R. Dehpour
- Department of Pharmacology; School of Medicine; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
- Experimental Medicine Research Center; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
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22
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Vaos G, Zavras N. Antioxidants in experimental ischemia-reperfusion injury of the testis: Where are we heading towards? World J Methodol 2017; 7:37-45. [PMID: 28706858 PMCID: PMC5489422 DOI: 10.5662/wjm.v7.i2.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2017] [Revised: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Testicular torsion (TT) is a medical emergency that primary affects newborns and young adolescents. It causes testicular injury due to the torsion of the spermatic cord and its components, initially in the venous blood flow and finally in the arterial blood flow. Prompt diagnosis and early surgical management are necessary in managing this urgent situation. The process of the pathophysiological events in ischemia-reperfusion is multifactorial and deals with the perception of the oxidative stress responsible for the consequences of ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) stress following TT. Duration and severity of torsion also play a significant role in the oxidative stress. A detrimental result of the defense system of the testes takes place resulting finally in testicular atrophy and impaired function. Antioxidant factors have been experimentally studied in an effort to front this state. They have been classified as endogenous or exogenous antioxidants. Endogenous antioxidants comprise a structure of enzymic enzymatic and non-enzymic enzymatic particles presented within cytoplasm and numerous other subunits in the cells. Exogenous antioxidants include a variety of natural and pharmaceutical agents that may prevent or ameliorate the harmful effects of I/R injury. In this study we review those factors and their ability to enhance the oxidative status of the testis. A feature insight into where we are heading is attempted.
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