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Ito S, Nakashima H, Machino M, Segi N, Ishizuka S, Takegami Y, Takeuchi J, Ouchida J, Hasegawa Y, Imagama S. Comparison of the Relationship between Visual Acuity and Motor Function in Non-Elderly and Elderly Adults. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12052008. [PMID: 36902795 PMCID: PMC10003822 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12052008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to clarify the relationship between visual acuity and motor function in younger and elderly participants and to compare differences between non-elderly and elderly participants. In total, 295 participants who underwent visual and motor functional examinations were included; participants with visual acuity ≥0.7 were assigned to the normal group (N group) and those with visual acuity ≤0.7 were assigned to the low-visual-acuity group (L group). Motor function was compared between the N and L groups; the analysis was performed by grouping participants into those aged >65 years (elderly) and those aged <65 years (non-elderly). The non-elderly group (average age, 55.6 ± 6.7 years) had 105 and 35 participants in the N and L groups, respectively. Back muscle strength was significantly lower in the L group than in the N group. The elderly group (average age, 71.1 ± 5.1 years) had 102 and 53 participants in the N and L groups, respectively. Gait speed was significantly lower in the L group than in the N group. These results reveal differences in the relationship between vision and motor function in non-elderly and elderly adults and indicate that poor vision is associated with lower back-muscle strength and walking speed in younger and elderly participants, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadayuki Ito
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8560, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Nakashima
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8560, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-52-741-2111
| | - Masaaki Machino
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8560, Japan
| | - Naoki Segi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8560, Japan
| | - Shinya Ishizuka
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8560, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Takegami
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8560, Japan
| | - Jun Takeuchi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Jun Ouchida
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8560, Japan
| | - Yukiharu Hasegawa
- Department of Rehabilitation, Kansai University of Welfare Science, Osaka 582-0026, Japan
| | - Shiro Imagama
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8560, Japan
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Lens Epithelial Cell Removal in Routine Phacoemulsification: Is It Worth the Bother? Am J Ophthalmol 2022; 239:1-10. [PMID: 35081415 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2022.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To review the literature on crystalline lens epithelial cell (LEC) removal in routine phacoemulsification and determine whether it should be incorporated as part of a surgeon's standard technique. DESIGN Perspective. METHODS Expert commentary with video demonstrations on techniques of removal of LECs and associated potential complications. Discussion incorporates the importance of LEC removal, a review of techniques to prevent posterior capsular opacification (PCO), and the effects of intraocular lens design on LEC proliferation and PCO. RESULTS The evidence suggests that LEC removal should be routinely performed as it can be carried out safely and with considerable short- and long-term benefits for patients. With effective cleanup, there is reduced anterior capsule opacification, fibrosis, and decentration of the capsular bag as well as reduced rates of posterior capsular opacification. Techniques for removal are easy to learn, with very low complication rates, and can reduce the risk of the long-term need for technically complex procedures such as intraocular lens explantation. CONCLUSIONS LEC removal from both the anterior and posterior capsule is part of a continuous, incremental improvement of cataract surgery and should be introduced to ophthalmology trainees during their formative years as part of their regular cataract surgery armamentarium.
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Kee QT, Abd Rahman MH, Mohamad Fadzil N, Mohammed Z, Shahar S. The impact of near visual impairment on instrumental activities of daily living among community-dwelling older adults in Selangor. BMC Res Notes 2021; 14:395. [PMID: 34689826 PMCID: PMC8543948 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-021-05813-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Near visual impairment (VI) is a common disability in an aging population. Near vision is crucial in activity of daily living including reading, smartphone and computer use and meal preparation. This study was conducted to determine the association between near visual acuity (VA) and contrast sensitivity (CS) with activity of daily living (ADL) among visually impaired older adults. Results A total of 208 participants aged ≥ 60 were recruited from the population-based longitudinal study on neuroprotective model for healthy longevity. Habitual near VA and CS were measured using Lighthouse near VA chart and Pelli-Robson CS chart, respectively. Lawton instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) was used to assess ADL. There are 41.8% participants with near visual impairment and 28.7% among them had IADL disability. Independent t test showed significant lower mean IADL score among visually impaired participants [t(206) = 2.03, p = 0.04]. IADL score significantly correlated with near VA (r = − 0.21, p = 0.05) but not with CS (r = − 0.14, p = 0.21). Near VA (B = − 0.44, p = 0.03) and age (B = − 0.07, p = 0.01) significantly predicted IADL. The findings show poorer VA renders higher IADL disability, which may necessitate interventions to improve ADL among visually impaired older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu Ting Kee
- Optometry and Vision Sciences Programme, Center for Rehabilitation and Special Needs Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Wilayah Persekutuan , Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Harimi Abd Rahman
- Optometry and Vision Sciences Programme, Center for Rehabilitation and Special Needs Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Wilayah Persekutuan , Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Norliza Mohamad Fadzil
- Optometry and Vision Sciences Programme, Center for Rehabilitation and Special Needs Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Wilayah Persekutuan , Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Zainora Mohammed
- Optometry and Vision Sciences Programme, Center for Rehabilitation and Special Needs Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Wilayah Persekutuan , Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Suzana Shahar
- Dietetic Programme, Center of Healthy Ageing and Wellness, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Wilayah Persekutuan, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Kim SH, Hurh K, Park Y, Jang SI, Park EC. Synergistic associations of visual and self-reported hearing acuity with low handgrip strength in older adults: a population-based cross-sectional study. BMC Geriatr 2021; 21:513. [PMID: 34563124 PMCID: PMC8466740 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-021-02470-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is unclear whether visual and hearing acuity are independently or synergistically associated with muscle strength. We aimed to examine the associations of visual and self-reported hearing acuity with low handgrip strength and the additive interaction between visual and hearing acuity on low handgrip strength in people over 60 years. METHOD Data of 3,075 individuals aged over 60 years from the 2017 and 2018 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were used for this cross-sectional study. Low handgrip strength was defined based on the 20th percentile of the study population (< 30.4 kg for male and < 17.7 kg for female). Visual and self-reported hearing acuity were each divided into three categories: good, moderate, and impaired. Multiple logistic regression and relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI) were performed. RESULTS Of the 3,075 participants, 993 (32.3 %) demonstrated low handgrip strength. Low handgrip strength was more prevalent in participants with moderate (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.54, 95 % confidence interval [CI] = 1.12-2.12) and impaired visual acuity (AOR = 2.00, 95 % CI = 1.34-2.96). Both moderate and impaired self-reported hearing acuity were significantly associated with low handgrip strength (moderate: AOR = 1.25, 95 % CI = 1.01-1.55; impaired: AOR = 1.66, 95 % CI = 1.15-2.38). The more severe the sensory function decline, the higher the association with muscle weakness. Moreover, combined sensory impairments were associated with deteriorating low handgrip strength (AOR = 8.38), with significantly strong additive interactions (RERI = 2.61, 95 % CI = 2.52-2.70). CONCLUSIONS Awareness is needed regarding the risk of reduced muscle strength in individuals with moderate and impaired sensory function. Older people with sensory function decline in clinical settings may benefit from programs such as exercise prescription to prevent muscle weakness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Hoon Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungduk Hurh
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonsik Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-In Jang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Cheol Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Qian XX, Chau PH, Kwan CW, Lou VWQ, Leung AYM, Ho M, Fong DYT, Chi I. Investigating Risk Factors for Falls among Community-Dwelling Older Adults According to WHO's Risk Factor Model for Falls. J Nutr Health Aging 2021; 25:425-432. [PMID: 33786558 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-020-1539-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The World Health Organization developed the Risk Factor Model for Falls to describe fall risks in a comprehensive manner. However, there was a lack of study adopting such framework in quantifying falls risk from different factors in a single model. Therefore, this study examined the risk factors from four domains in the Risk Factor Model for Falls among older adults. DESIGN Secondary data analysis of 10-year assessment records of the Minimum Data Set-Home Care instrument. SETTING Hong Kong. PARTICIPANTS 89,100 community-dwelling adults aged 65 and over who first applied for publicly funded long-term care services from 2005 to 2014. MEASUREMENTS The Minimum Data Set-Home Care instrument was used to ascertain older adults' care needs and match them with appropriate services. Additionally, meteorological records from the same period were extracted from the Hong Kong Observatory. The logistic regression model was used to examine risk factors and their associations with falls. RESULTS In total 70 factors were included in the analysis, of which 37 were significantly associated with falls. Behavioral risk factors generally had greater odds ratios of falling, as compared with biological, socioeconomic, and environmental factors. Out of all significant factors, functional status, alcohol drinking, and locomotion outdoors had the largest odds ratios of falling. CONCLUSION Behavioral risk factors for falls are of remarkable influence yet are modifiable among older adults. Hence, falls prevention programs may need to prioritize addressing these factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- X X Qian
- Pui Hing Chau, School of Nursing, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, Tel: (+852) 3917 6626,
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Siira H, Elo S, Kyngäs H, Falck A. Well-being Supportive Home Environment of Elderly People with Visual Impairments and Health-related Quality of Life. ACTIVITIES, ADAPTATION & AGING 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/01924788.2020.1823789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H. Siira
- Research Unit of Nursing Science and Health Management, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Research Center and PEDEGO Research Unit, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - S. Elo
- Master School, Lapland University of Applied Sciences, Kemi, Finland
| | - H. Kyngäs
- Research Unit of Nursing Science and Health Management, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - A. Falck
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Research Center and PEDEGO Research Unit, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
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Lai KY, Pathipati MP, Blumenkranz MS, Leung LS, Moshfeghi DM, Toy BC, Myung D. Assessment of Eye Disease and Visual Impairment in the Nursing Home Population Using Mobile Health Technology. Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina 2020; 51:262-270. [PMID: 32511729 DOI: 10.3928/23258160-20200501-03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE To characterize the burden of eye disease and the utility of teleophthalmology in nursing home patients, a population with ophthalmic needs not commensurate with care received. PATIENTS AND METHODS Informed consent was obtained from 78 California Bay Area skilled nursing facility patients. Near visual acuity (VA) and anterior/posterior segment photographs were taken with a smartphone-based VA app and ophthalmic camera system. The Nursing Home Vision-Targeted Health-Related Quality of Life questionnaire was also administered. Risk factors for visual impairment were assessed. Institutional review board approval was obtained from Stanford University. RESULTS Cataracts (51%), diabetic retinopathy (DR) (12%), optic neuropathy (12%), and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) (10%) were common findings; 11.7% had other referral-warranted findings. AMD and DR correlated with a higher risk of poor VA, with adjusted odds ratios of 22 (P = .01) and 43 (P = .004). CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated a high prevalence of poor VA and ophthalmic disease in the nursing home population impacting quality of life. Smartphone-based teleophthalmology platforms have the potential to increase access to eye care for nursing home patients. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina. 2020;51:262-270.].
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Söz G, Karakaya Z. The evaluation of geriatric patients who presented with trauma to the emergency department. Arch Med Sci 2019; 15:1261-1268. [PMID: 31572472 PMCID: PMC6764314 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2017.69636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Geriatric patients are subject to traumas more frequently due to age-related physiopathological changes. The objective of the study was to evaluate the demographic properties of geriatric patients who presented with trauma to the emergency department in addition to establishing the course of the diagnosis and treatment. MATERIAL AND METHODS Nine hundred and twelve geriatric patients who presented with trauma to the emergency department during one year were included in this retrospective study. Cause of the presentation, demographic properties, diseases, medications, sites of trauma, departments of consultations, departments that the patients were admitted to, discharge, mortality and morbidity rates were obtained from the folders of the subjects. The subjects were assigned to age groups 65-79 years old and over 80 years old. RESULTS 60.4% (n = 551) of the 912 subjects were female, 39.6% (n = 361) were male and the mean age of the subjects was 77.16 (65-100). Falls were the most common cause (80.3%) of traumas, and the most frequently affected parts of the body were the extremities. The over 80 group was the most frequently consulted group (p = 0.01) and women were admitted more often to the hospital (p = 0.03). Of the patients who presented with trauma, 28.9% (n = 264) were hospitalized and 2% (n = 18) died. The most common causes of death of patients were femur fractures and intracranial hemorrhages. CONCLUSIONS Due to high mortality and morbidity, this geriatric patient group deserves a multidisciplinary approach beginning with the emergency departments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gülbahar Söz
- Emergency Medicine Department, Izmir Çiğli Region Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Zeynep Karakaya
- Emergency Medicine Department, Izmir Atatürk Education and Research Hospital, Katip Çelebi University, Izmir, Turkey
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