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Arıkan FB, Sagsoz N. Effects of obesity on the serum BMP15, GDF9, and kisspeptin concentrations in women of reproductive age. J Med Biochem 2023; 42:392-400. [PMID: 37790202 PMCID: PMC10542717 DOI: 10.5937/jomb0-37329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background As BMP15, GDF9, and kisspeptin all play critical roles in folliculogenesis and fertilization, investigating the possible relationship between obesity and these three factors could prove crucial in relation to understanding the role of obesity in infertility. Thus, the present study sought to determine the effects of obesity on the serum BMP15, GDF9, and kisspeptin concentrations in women of reproductive age. Methods Ninety female participants were equally divided into three groups: class-1 obese (n=30), class-2 obese (n=30), and normal weight (control; n=30). The participants' serum BMP15, GDF9, and AMH concentrations were measured. Moreover, the serum kisspeptin concentrations were evaluated in the class-1 obese and control groups by means of the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method while the participants were in their menstrual period. Results The serum BMP15 and kisspeptin concentrations were found to be much higher in the control group than in both obese groups (p=0.001 and p=0.01, respectively). While the GDF9 concentration exhibited a statistically significant positive correlation with age, the BMP15 concentration exhibited a positive correlation with the kisspeptin and LH concentrations in the control group. In addition, a positive correlation was identified between the BMP15 concentration and both age and the glucose level and a negative correlation with the insulin level in both the obese groups. Conclusions Obesity appears to reduce the serum BMP15 and kisspeptin concentrations in obese women of reproductive age. This reduction may represent a milestone in reproductive dysfunction and may be used to predict the success of infertility treatment in obese women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Funda Bulut Arıkan
- Kirikkale University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Kirikkale, Turkey
| | - Nevin Sagsoz
- Kirikkale University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kirikkale, Turkey
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Szeliga A, Podfigurna A, Bala G, Meczekalski B. Decreased neurokinin B as a risk factor of functional hypothalamic amenorrhea. Gynecol Endocrinol 2023; 39:2216313. [PMID: 37224872 DOI: 10.1080/09513590.2023.2216313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurokinin B (NKB) belongs to the tachykinin family of proteins who's regulation is essential for proper function of the reproductive system. It has been shown that patients with functional hypothalamic amenorrhea (FHA) exhibit decreased levels of serum kisspeptin. As kisspeptin secretion is regulated by NKB signaling, it is reasonable to suspect that patients with FHA will also have abnormal NKB secretion. AIM To assess NKB levels in patients with FHA and to determine whether NKB signaling is affected in these patients. We hypothesized that decreased NKB signaling is a factor contributing to the development of the FHA. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 147 patients with FHA and 88 healthy age-matched controls were enrolled. Baseline blood samples were drawn from both groups to measure serum concentrations of NKB, luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), estradiol (E2), prolactin (PRL), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (fT4), cortisol, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S), testosterone (T), glucose, and insulin. RESULTS Mean serum NKB levels were found to be decreased significantly in the FHA group when compared with the control group (628.35 ± 324.92 vs. 721.41 ± 337.57 ng/L, respectively p = 0.002). No statistical difference was observed in NKB-1 levels within the FHA group when selecting for normal and decreased body mass index. CONCLUSIONS Patients with FHA were found to have decreased serum NKB concentrations when compared to healthy controls. Abnormal NKB secretion is likely a key factor contributing to development of FHA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Szeliga
- Department of Gynecological Endocrinology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Podfigurna
- Department of Gynecological Endocrinology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Gregory Bala
- UCD School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Blazej Meczekalski
- Department of Gynecological Endocrinology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
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Akad M, Socolov R, Furnică C, Covali R, Stan CD, Crauciuc E, Pavaleanu I. Kisspeptin Variations in Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome-A Prospective Case Control Study. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2022; 58:medicina58060776. [PMID: 35744039 PMCID: PMC9227115 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58060776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Background and objectives: Kisspeptin, also named metastin, showed important roles in initiating the secretion of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and is an essential factor in the development of polycystic ovaries syndrome (PCOS). Several research studies noticed associations between kisspeptin levels and patients with anovulatory cycles due to PCOS with an increased LH/FSH ratio. The aim of our study was to bring scientific evidence regarding the correlation between high kisspeptin and luteinizing hormone values in subfertile women due to PCOS. Materials and Methods: A prospective case-control study was conducted in “Elena Doamna” Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology between 4 January 2021 and 1 March 2022. All patients agreed to participate in our study, had ages between 18 and 45 years old, and had a body mass index between 18.5 and 30 kg/m2. The study group consisted of subfertile patients with PCOS and menstrual disturbances, including amenorrhea or oligomenorrhea. The control group consisted of healthy patients with ovulatory cycles and no other reproductive or endocrinology pathologies. During the follicular phase of their menstrual cycle, patients had blood samples taken with the dosage of kisspeptin, LH, FSH, estradiol, insulin, glycemic levels, testosterone, and prolactin. Pelvic ultrasounds and clinical examinations were performed as well. Results: Significant differences were observed in kisspeptin, LH, FSH, and estradiol levels between patients with PCOS and the control group. After the univariate analysis, PCOS was significantly associated with increased kisspeptin, increased LH, and decreased FSH. There was no significant association between PCOS, estradiol, prolactin, and insulin. Conclusions: kisspeptin serum values are higher in subfertile PCOS patients, supporting the hypothesis that an over-stimulation of the KISS1 system might cause the hyper-stimulation of the HPG-axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Akad
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Gr. T. Popa”, 700115 Iași, Romania; (M.A.); (C.F.); (R.C.); (C.D.S.); (E.C.); (I.P.)
- Clinical Hospital of Obstetrics and Pharmacy “Elena Doamna”, 700398 Iași, Romania
| | - Răzvan Socolov
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Gr. T. Popa”, 700115 Iași, Romania; (M.A.); (C.F.); (R.C.); (C.D.S.); (E.C.); (I.P.)
- Clinical Hospital of Obstetrics and Pharmacy “Elena Doamna”, 700398 Iași, Romania
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +40-07-2272-8514
| | - Cristina Furnică
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Gr. T. Popa”, 700115 Iași, Romania; (M.A.); (C.F.); (R.C.); (C.D.S.); (E.C.); (I.P.)
| | - Roxana Covali
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Gr. T. Popa”, 700115 Iași, Romania; (M.A.); (C.F.); (R.C.); (C.D.S.); (E.C.); (I.P.)
- Clinical Hospital of Obstetrics and Pharmacy “Elena Doamna”, 700398 Iași, Romania
| | - Catalina Daniela Stan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Gr. T. Popa”, 700115 Iași, Romania; (M.A.); (C.F.); (R.C.); (C.D.S.); (E.C.); (I.P.)
- Clinical Hospital of Obstetrics and Pharmacy “Elena Doamna”, 700398 Iași, Romania
| | - Eduard Crauciuc
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Gr. T. Popa”, 700115 Iași, Romania; (M.A.); (C.F.); (R.C.); (C.D.S.); (E.C.); (I.P.)
- Clinical Hospital of Obstetrics and Pharmacy “Elena Doamna”, 700398 Iași, Romania
| | - Ioana Pavaleanu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Gr. T. Popa”, 700115 Iași, Romania; (M.A.); (C.F.); (R.C.); (C.D.S.); (E.C.); (I.P.)
- Clinical Hospital of Obstetrics and Pharmacy “Elena Doamna”, 700398 Iași, Romania
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Hudson AD, Kauffman AS. Metabolic actions of kisspeptin signaling: Effects on body weight, energy expenditure, and feeding. Pharmacol Ther 2022; 231:107974. [PMID: 34530008 PMCID: PMC8884343 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.107974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Kisspeptin (encoded by the Kiss1 gene) and its receptor, KISS1R (encoded by the Kiss1r gene), have well-established roles in stimulating reproduction via central actions on reproductive neural circuits, but recent evidence suggests that kisspeptin signaling also influences metabolism and energy balance. Indeed, both Kiss1 and Kiss1r are expressed in many metabolically-relevant peripheral tissues, including both white and brown adipose tissue, the liver, and the pancreas, suggesting possible actions on these tissues or involvement in their physiology. In addition, there may be central actions of kisspeptin signaling, or factors co-released from kisspeptin neurons, that modulate metabolic, feeding, or thermoregulatory processes. Accumulating data from animal models suggests that kisspeptin signaling regulates a wide variety of metabolic parameters, including body weight and energy expenditure, adiposity and adipose tissue function, food intake, glucose metabolism, respiratory rates, locomotor activity, and thermoregulation. Herein, the current evidence for the involvement of kisspeptin signaling in each of these physiological parameters is reviewed, gaps in knowledge identified, and future avenues of important research highlighted. Collectively, the discussed findings highlight emerging non-reproductive actions of kisspeptin signaling in metabolism and energy balance, in addition to previously documented roles in reproductive control, but also emphasize the need for more research to resolve current controversies and uncover underlying molecular and physiological mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra D Hudson
- Dept. of OBGYN and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States of America
| | - Alexander S Kauffman
- Dept. of OBGYN and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States of America.
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Ibrahim RO, Omer SH, Fattah CN. The Correlation between Hormonal Disturbance in PCOS Women and Serum Level of Kisspeptin. Int J Endocrinol 2020; 2020:6237141. [PMID: 32411228 PMCID: PMC7199587 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6237141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kisspeptin is a neuropeptide that upregulates gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion. It is an essential element for the luteinizing hormone (LH) surge and ovulation. Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) expose alteration in both GnRH and LH secretion levels. OBJECTIVE This paper aims to evaluate serum kisspeptin levels in healthy and polycystic ovarian syndrome women. Furthermore, it investigates the effect of obesity and age on circulating kisspeptin levels in both normal and PCOS women. Moreover, it points out the correlation between kisspeptin and other hormonal parameters. Methods and Patients. One hundred women (60 are with PCOS and 40 are normal) were enrolled in the study. Five milliliter samples of blood from all the patients and control women were obtained twice during the menstrual cycle. All the study samples were classified depending on the age factor for several subgroups. RESULTS Kisspeptin levels were higher in PCOS patients than those in the normal group. Kisspeptin correlated with serum free testosterone level (r=0.26). In healthy women, preovulatory kisspeptin levels were higher than follicular kisspeptin levels (P < 0.05), while this difference was insignificant in PCOS patients. The variation in serum kisspeptin levels between overweight/obese and normal-weight women was insignificant. In normal women, serum kisspeptin levels were higher in women >35 years than those <24 years at (P=0.03). CONCLUSION The serum kisspeptin level is higher in PCOS women. Its levels fluctuate during the menstrual cycle, but these fluctuations are disturbed in PCOS women. The effect of BMI on serum kisspeptin levels is insignificant, and kisspeptin serum levels increase with age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razaw O. Ibrahim
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kirkuk, Kirkuk, Iraq
| | - Shirwan H. Omer
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
| | - Chro N. Fattah
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
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Wang T, Han S, Tian W, Zhao M, Zhang H. Effects of kisspeptin on pathogenesis and energy metabolism in polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). Gynecol Endocrinol 2019; 35:807-810. [PMID: 30957568 DOI: 10.1080/09513590.2019.1597343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Kisspeptin has been shown to participate in the regulation of pituitary hormone secretion and energy metabolism. In PCOS patients, there are disorders in pituitary hormone secretion and energy metabolism. The aim of this study was to investigate the serum kisspeptin and its relationship with abnormal metabolism in PCOS. This restrospective case-control study included 73 cases with PCOS and 63 control cases. All subjects were divided into obese and nonobese groups based on BMI. The serum kisspeptin levels, Cor, DHEA-S, plasma concentrations of glucose were tested. We found that the level of kisspeptin in PCOS group was higher than it in control group. The kisspeptin levels in nonobese PCOS group increased most obviously over than the other groups. The kisspeptin levels of all the subjects were positively correlated with LH levels, negatively correlated with the glucose-AUC, the insulin-AUC, and triglyceride levels. The findings of this study suggest that kisspeptin may play an important role in ovulation disorders in PCOS patients through regulating the level of LH and it could regulate the body's energy metabolism by regulating glucose and lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianhua Wang
- a Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin , China
| | - Shan Han
- a Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin , China
| | - Wenyan Tian
- a Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin , China
| | - Mingfei Zhao
- a Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin , China
| | - Huiying Zhang
- a Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin , China
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Hestiantoro A, Astuti BPK, Muharam R, Pratama G, Witjaksono F, Wiweko B. Dysregulation of Kisspeptin and Leptin, as Anorexigenic Agents, Plays Role in the Development of Obesity in Postmenopausal Women. Int J Endocrinol 2019; 2019:1347208. [PMID: 31871451 PMCID: PMC6913251 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1347208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
During the menopausal period, women have a higher tendency to develop obesity and any other metabolic syndromes. Dysregulation of leptin and kisspeptin signaling as anorexigenic agents is believed to be the connection between metabolic disorders and altered reproductive function. Therefore, this study aimed at investigating the association between leptin, soluble leptin receptor (sOBR), free leptin index, kisspeptin concentrations, and body mass index (BMI) in postmenopausal women. A cross-sectional study was carried out among 171 postmenopausal women aged 40-75 years from 2017 to 2018. Subjects were assigned into 2 groups according to their BMIs: obese group (84 subjects) and nonobese group (87 subjects). In addition to anthropometric measurement, blood sample was collected from each subject for leptin, sOBR, free leptin index (FLI), and kisspeptin evaluation. Bivariate and correlation analysis discovered that leptin and FLI were positively correlated with BMI, while sOBR and kisspeptin were negatively correlated with BMI. Among those variables, multivariate analysis found that leptin, sOBR, and kisspeptin were independently associated with obesity. Therefore, it can be concluded that higher serum leptin concentration and FLI, as well as lower serum sOBR and kisspeptin concentrations, are significantly associated with obesity in postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andon Hestiantoro
- Reproductive Immunoendocrinology Division, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia
- Cluster of Human Reproduction, Fertility and Family Planning, Indonesian Medical Education and Research Institute, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia
| | - Brilliant P. K. Astuti
- Reproductive Immunoendocrinology Division, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia
- Cluster of Human Reproduction, Fertility and Family Planning, Indonesian Medical Education and Research Institute, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia
| | - Raden Muharam
- Reproductive Immunoendocrinology Division, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia
- Cluster of Human Reproduction, Fertility and Family Planning, Indonesian Medical Education and Research Institute, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia
| | - Gita Pratama
- Reproductive Immunoendocrinology Division, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia
- Cluster of Human Reproduction, Fertility and Family Planning, Indonesian Medical Education and Research Institute, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia
| | - Fiastuti Witjaksono
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jl. Salemba Raya No. 6, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia
| | - Budi Wiweko
- Reproductive Immunoendocrinology Division, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia
- Cluster of Human Reproduction, Fertility and Family Planning, Indonesian Medical Education and Research Institute, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia
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Latif R, Rafique N, Salem AM, AlSheikh MH, Chathoth S. Correlation between circulatory Kisspeptin and Adipokines in normal and over-weight Saudi females during menstrual cycle. BIOL RHYTHM RES 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/09291016.2017.1350440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Latif
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - N. Rafique
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - A. M. Salem
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mona H. AlSheikh
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - S. Chathoth
- Department of Genetic Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
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