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Wang Y, Shi G, Huang TCT, Li J, Long Z, Reisdorf R, Shin AY, Amadio P, Behfar A, Zhao C, Moran SL. Enhancing Functional Recovery after Segmental Nerve Defect Using Nerve Allograft Treated with Plasma-Derived Exosome. Plast Reconstr Surg 2023; 152:1247-1258. [PMID: 36912739 DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000010389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nerve injuries can result in detrimental functional outcomes. Currently, autologous nerve graft offers the best outcome for segmental peripheral nerve injury. Allografts are alternatives, but do not have comparable results. This study evaluated whether plasma-derived exosome can improve nerve regeneration and functional recovery when combined with decellularized nerve allografts. METHODS The effect of exosomes on Schwann cell proliferation and migration were evaluated. A rat model of sciatic nerve repair was used to evaluate the effect on nerve regeneration and functional recovery. A fibrin sealant was used as the scaffold for exosome. Eighty-four Lewis rats were divided into autograft, allograft, and allograft with exosome groups. Gene expression of nerve regeneration factors was analyzed on postoperative day 7. At 12 and 16 weeks, rats were subjected to maximum isometric tetanic force and compound muscle action potential. Nerve specimens were then analyzed by means of histology and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Exosomes were readily taken up by Schwann cells that resulted in improved Schwann cell viability and migration. The treated allograft group had functional recovery (compound muscle action potential, isometric tetanic force) comparable to that of the autograft group. Similar results were observed in gene expression analysis of nerve regenerating factors. Histologic analysis showed no statistically significant differences between treated allograft and autograft groups in terms of axonal density, fascicular area, and myelin sheath thickness. CONCLUSIONS Plasma-derived exosome treatment of decellularized nerve allograft may provide comparable clinical outcomes to that of an autograft. This can be a promising strategy in the future as an alternative for segmental peripheral nerve repair. CLINICAL RELEVANCE STATEMENT Off-the-shelf exosomes may improve recovery in nerve allografts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yicun Wang
- From the Department of Orthopedics, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery
| | - Guidong Shi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery
- Tianjin Medical University
| | | | - Jialun Li
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Wuhan Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology
| | | | | | | | | | - Atta Behfar
- Center for Regenerative Medicine
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic
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Mahdian M, Tabatabai TS, Abpeikar Z, Rezakhani L, Khazaei M. Nerve regeneration using decellularized tissues: challenges and opportunities. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1295563. [PMID: 37928728 PMCID: PMC10620322 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1295563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In tissue engineering, the decellularization of organs and tissues as a biological scaffold plays a critical role in the repair of neurodegenerative diseases. Various protocols for cell removal can distinguish the effects of treatment ability, tissue structure, and extracellular matrix (ECM) ability. Despite considerable progress in nerve regeneration and functional recovery, the slow regeneration and recovery potential of the central nervous system (CNS) remains a challenge. The success of neural tissue engineering is primarily influenced by composition, microstructure, and mechanical properties. The primary objective of restorative techniques is to guide existing axons properly toward the distal end of the damaged nerve and the target organs. However, due to the limitations of nerve autografts, researchers are seeking alternative methods with high therapeutic efficiency and without the limitations of autograft transplantation. Decellularization scaffolds, due to their lack of immunogenicity and the preservation of essential factors in the ECM and high angiogenic ability, provide a suitable three-dimensional (3D) substrate for the adhesion and growth of axons being repaired toward the target organs. This study focuses on mentioning the types of scaffolds used in nerve regeneration, and the methods of tissue decellularization, and specifically explores the use of decellularized nerve tissues (DNT) for nerve transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Mahdian
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Tayebeh Sadat Tabatabai
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Zahra Abpeikar
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Leila Rezakhani
- Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mozafar Khazaei
- Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Qian C, Zhang Z, Zhao R, Wang D, Li H. Effect of acellular nerve scaffold containing human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells on nerve repair and regeneration in rats with sciatic nerve defect. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2022; 10:483. [PMID: 35571424 PMCID: PMC9096419 DOI: 10.21037/atm-22-1578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Background The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of acellular nerve scaffold (ANS) containing human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) on nerve repair and regeneration in rats with sciatic nerve defect. Methods Sciatic nerve trunks were removed from 6 female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats, and ANS was prepared by lyophilization + enzymatic method and divided into A, B, C, D and E groups according to different treatment times. hUC-MSCs were isolated from the collected umbilical cords and cultured, and then ANS-hUC-MSCs complexes were made. The other 24 adult female SD rats were randomly divided into the control, autograft, ANS, and ANS-hUC-MSCs groups, and a rat model of sciatic nerve defect was established. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, Luxol fast blue (LFB) staining, Masson staining, and scanning electron microscopy were used to observe the morphology and tissue structure of ANS. The performance of ANS was evaluated by mechanical detection, and hydroxyproline (HYP) content was evaluated using a biochemical kit. Flow cytometry was adopted to detect the levels of hUC-MSCs surface antigens CD29, CD44, and CD34, as well as electrophysiological detection and muscle wet weight recovery rate for measuring rat muscle performance. Results ANS was prepared according to group A method and had good mechanical properties, with less residues of cells and myelin, and higher HYP content, indicating that this scaffold had the best performance. ANS-hUC-MSCs significantly reduced myelin injury in the sciatic nerve, and increased axonal regeneration, effectively improving sciatic nerve injury in rats. In addition, ANS-hUC-MSCs significantly increased compound muscle action potential (CMAP), nerve conduction velocity (NCV), and muscle wet weight, and reduced muscle atrophy. Conclusions ANS containing hUC-MSCs can promote nerve repair and regeneration in rats with sciatic nerve defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuang Qian
- Department of Orthopaedics, Children's Hospital of Fudan University and National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Children's Hospital of Fudan University and National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital of Fudan University and National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Dahui Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Children's Hospital of Fudan University and National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital of Fudan University and National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China
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Rochkind S, Almog M, Meilin S, Nevo Z. Reviving Matrix for Nerve Reconstruction in Rabbit Model of Chronic Peripheral Nerve Injury With Massive Loss Defect. Front Surg 2021; 7:609638. [PMID: 33521046 PMCID: PMC7844361 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2020.609638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate the innovative guiding regenerative gel (GRG) and antigliotic GRG (AGRG) fillings for nerve conduits, prepared with Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved agents and expected to provide an alternative to autologous nerve graft and to enable reconnection of massive nerve gaps in a rabbit model of chronic peripheral nerve injury with massive loss defect that simulates the human condition of chronic injury with a large gap. Methods: The components and dosimetry for GRG and AGRG formulations were investigated in vitro on nerve cell culture and in vivo on 10-mm reconstructed sciatic nerves of 72 rats using different concentrations of agents and completed on a rabbit model of delayed (chronic) complete peripheral nerve injury with a 25-mm gap. Forty rabbits underwent delayed (9 weeks after complete injury of the tibial portion of the sciatic nerve) nerve tube reconstruction of a gap that is 25 mm long. GRG and AGRG groups were compared with autologous and empty tube reconstructed groups. Rats and rabbits underwent electrophysiological and histochemical assessments (19 weeks for rats and 40 weeks for rabbits). Results: Application of AGRG showed a significant increase of about 78% in neurite length per cell and was shown to have the most promising effect on neuronal outgrowth, with total number of neurites increasing by 4-fold. The electrophysiological follow-up showed that AGRG treatment is most promising for the reconstruction of the tibial portion of the sciatic nerve with a critical gap of 25 mm. The beneficial effect of AGRG was found when compared with the autologous nerve graft reconstruction. Thirty-one weeks post the second surgery (delayed reconstruction), histochemical observation showed significant regeneration after using AGRG neurogel, compared with the empty tube, and succeeded in significantly regenerating the nerve, as well as the autologous nerve graft, which was almost similar to a healthy nerve. Conclusion: We demonstrate that in the model of delayed peripheral nerve repair with massive loss defect, the application of AGRG led to a stronger nerve recovery and can be an alternative to autologous nerve graft.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimon Rochkind
- Research Center for Nerve Reconstruction, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Mara Almog
- Research Center for Nerve Reconstruction, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Sigal Meilin
- Neurology R&D Division, MD Biosciences, Ness Ziona, Israel
| | - Zvi Nevo
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Customized Scaffold Design Based on Natural Peripheral Nerve Fascicle Characteristics for Biofabrication in Tissue Regeneration. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2019:3845780. [PMID: 31915690 PMCID: PMC6935460 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3845780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 07/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Objective The use of a biofabrication nerve scaffold, which mimics the nerve microstructure, as an alternative for autologous nerve transplantation is a promising strategy for treating peripheral nerve defects. This study aimed to design a customized biofabrication scaffold model with the characteristics of human peripheral nerve fascicles. Methods We used Micro-MRI technique to obtain different nerve fascicles. A full-length 28 cm tibial nerve specimen was obtained and was divided into 14 two-centimetre nerve segments. 3D models of the nerve fascicles were obtained by three-dimensional reconstruction after image segmentation. The central line of the nerve fascicles was fitted, and the aggregation of nerve fascicles was analysed quantitatively. The nerve scaffold was designed by simulating the clinical nerve defect and extracting information from the acquired nerve fascicle data; the scaffold design was displayed by 3D printing to verify the accuracy of the model. Result The microstructure of the sciatic nerve, tibial nerve, and common peroneal nerve in the nerve fascicles could be obtained by three-dimensional reconstruction. The number of cross fusions of tibial nerve fascicles from proximal end to distal end decreased gradually. By designing the nerve graft in accordance with the microstructure of the nerve fascicles, the 3D printed model demonstrated that the two ends of the nerve defect can be well matched. Conclusion The microstructure of the nerve fascicles is complicated and changeable, and the spatial position of each nerve fascicle and the long segment of the nerve fascicle aggregation show great changes at different levels. Under the premise of the stability of the existing imaging techniques, a large number of scanning nerve samples can be used to set up a three-dimensional database of the peripheral nerve fascicle microstructure, integrating the gross imaging information, and provide a template for the design of the downstream nerve graft model.
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Bordbar S, Lotfi Bakhshaiesh N, Khanmohammadi M, Sayahpour FA, Alini M, Baghaban Eslaminejad M. Production and evaluation of decellularized extracellular matrix hydrogel for cartilage regeneration derived from knee cartilage. J Biomed Mater Res A 2020; 108:938-946. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sima Bordbar
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR Tehran Iran
- Tehran University of Medical Sciences Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Nasrin Lotfi Bakhshaiesh
- Tehran University of Medical Sciences Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Mehdi Khanmohammadi
- Tehran University of Medical Sciences Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Forough Azam Sayahpour
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR Tehran Iran
| | - Mauro Alini
- AO Research Institute Davos 7270 Davos Platz Switzerland
| | - Mohamadreza Baghaban Eslaminejad
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR Tehran Iran
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Buckenmeyer MJ, Meder TJ, Prest TA, Brown BN. Decellularization techniques and their applications for the repair and regeneration of the nervous system. Methods 2019; 171:41-61. [PMID: 31398392 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2019.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
A variety of surgical and non-surgical approaches have been used to address the impacts of nervous system injuries, which can lead to either impairment or a complete loss of function for affected patients. The inherent ability of nervous tissues to repair and/or regenerate is dampened due to irreversible changes that occur within the tissue remodeling microenvironment following injury. Specifically, dysregulation of the extracellular matrix (i.e., scarring) has been suggested as one of the major factors that can directly impair normal cell function and could significantly alter the regenerative potential of these tissues. A number of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine-based approaches have been suggested to intervene in the process of remodeling which occurs following injury. Decellularization has become an increasingly popular technique used to obtain acellular scaffolds, and their derivatives (hydrogels, etc.), which retain tissue-specific components, including critical structural and functional proteins. These advantageous characteristics make this approach an intriguing option for creating materials capable of stimulating the sensitive repair mechanisms associated with nervous system injuries. Over the past decade, several diverse decellularization methods have been implemented specifically for nervous system applications in an attempt to carefully remove cellular content while preserving tissue morphology and composition. Each application-based decellularized ECM product requires carefully designed treatments that preserve the unique biochemical signatures associated within each tissue type to stimulate the repair of brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerve tissues. Herein, we review the decellularization techniques that have been applied to create biomaterials with the potential to promote the repair and regeneration of tissues within the central and peripheral nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Buckenmeyer
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, 450 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, United States.
| | - Tyler J Meder
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, 450 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, United States.
| | - Travis A Prest
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, 450 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, United States.
| | - Bryan N Brown
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, 450 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, United States; McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 450 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, United States; Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Magee-Womens Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh, 450 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, United States.
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A Survey of the Prevalence and Practice Patterns of Human Acellular Nerve Allograft Use. PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY-GLOBAL OPEN 2018; 6:e1803. [PMID: 30254826 PMCID: PMC6143321 DOI: 10.1097/gox.0000000000001803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Background: There have been many technical and scientific advances over the last decade in peripheral nerve surgery. Human acellular nerve graft (HANA) has become increasingly popular but current practice patterns among hand surgeons have yet to be defined. Coding practices may not have kept up with this innovation. A 26 question survey of hand surgeons was performed to evaluate the adoption of HANA, and current coding and billing practices. The survey was sent to hand surgeons trained in orthopedic, plastic, general, and neuro surgery. The survey was designed and implemented by the Mayo Clinic Survey Center. Results: Four hundred sixty-one responses to the survey were received. Most respondents currently use HANA (70%). Of those surgeons who do use HANA, nearly all use it less than 10 times per month (98%). There was no significant difference in the use of HANA across different specialties. There was a significant difference in HANA use depending on practice type with higher use by those in group private practice (57%) compared with academic practice (28%), solo practice (12%), and other practice environment (3%). There was a significant difference in HANA use depending on the number of years in practice. Those in practice less than 5 years used HANA the most (32%), followed by > 20 years in practice (27%), 6–10 years in practice (16%), 16–20 years in practice (14%), and 11–15 years in practice (11%). When asked the Current Procedural Terminology code they would use to bill for the procedure of choice, the most common response was 64910 (nerve repair with synthetic conduit or vein allograft). Conclusions: HANA has surpassed nerve conduit as the traditional gold standard in our study with nearly 70% of hand surgeons using HANA in their practice and a greater percentage of respondents choosing HANA as their first choice to repair as compared with nerve conduit, nerve autograft, or vein graft. There remains confusion regarding appropriate billing practices for the use of HANA. Due to its common use, a Current Procedural Terminology code should specifically designated for the use of HANA in the hand.
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Amniattalab A, Mohammadi R. Functional, Histopathological and Immunohistichemical Assessments of Cyclosporine A on Sciatic Nerve Regeneration Using Allografts: A Rat Sciatic Nerve Model. Bull Emerg Trauma 2017; 5:152-159. [PMID: 28795058 DOI: pmid/28795058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To study the functional, histopathological and immunohistochemical effect of cyclosporine A on sciatic nerve regeneration using allografts in a rat sciatic nerve model. METHODS Thirty male white Wistar rats were divided into three experimental groups (n = 10), randomly: Normal control group (NC), allograft group (ALLO), CsA treated group (ALLO/ CsA). In NC group left sciatic nerve was exposed through a gluteal muscle incision and after homeostasis muscle was sutured. In the ALLO group the left sciatic nerve was exposed through a gluteal muscle incision and transected proximal to the tibio-peroneal bifurcation where a 10 mm segment was excised. The same procedure was performed in the ALLO/ CsA group and the animals were treated with interaperitoneal administration of cyclosporine A. The harvested nerves of the rats of ALLO group were served as allograft for ALLO/ CsA group and vice versa. The NC and ALLO groups received 300 μL sterile olive oil interaperitoneally once a day for one week and the ALLO/ CsA group received 300 μL CsA (1mg/kg/day) interaperitoneally once a day for one week. RESULTS Behavioral, functional, biomechanical and gastrocnemius muscle mass showed earlier regeneration of axons in ALLO/ CsA than in ALLO group (p=0.001). Histomorphometic and immunohistochemical studies also showed earlier regeneration of axons in ALLO/ CsA than in ALLO group (p=0.034). CONCLUSION Administration of CsA could accelerate functional recovery after nerve allografting in sciatic nerve. It may have clinical implications for the surgical management of patients after nerve transection in emergency conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Amniattalab
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Urmia Branch, Islamic Azad University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Rahim Mohammadi
- Department of Surgery and Diagnostic Imaging, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
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Boriani F, Fazio N, Fotia C, Savarino L, Nicoli Aldini N, Martini L, Zini N, Bernardini M, Baldini N. A novel technique for decellularization of allogenic nerves and in vivo
study of their use for peripheral nerve reconstruction. J Biomed Mater Res A 2017; 105:2228-2240. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Revised: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F. Boriani
- Laboratory for Orthopaedic Pathophysiology and Regenerative Medicine; Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute; Bologna Italy
| | - N. Fazio
- Prometeo Laboratory; Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute; Bologna Italy
| | - C. Fotia
- Laboratory for Orthopaedic Pathophysiology and Regenerative Medicine; Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute; Bologna Italy
| | - L. Savarino
- Laboratory for Orthopaedic Pathophysiology and Regenerative Medicine; Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute; Bologna Italy
| | - N. Nicoli Aldini
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Surgical Studies; Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute; Bologna Italy
| | - L. Martini
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Surgical Studies; Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute; Bologna Italy
| | - N. Zini
- CNR, National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Molecular Genetics; Bologna Italy
- Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Cell Biology; Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute; Bologna Italy
| | - M. Bernardini
- Department of Animal Medicine; Production and Health, Padova University; Padua Italy
| | - N. Baldini
- Laboratory for Orthopaedic Pathophysiology and Regenerative Medicine; Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute; Bologna Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences; University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
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Xiang F, Wei D, Yang Y, Chi H, Yang K, Sun Y. Tissue-engineered nerve graft with tetramethylpyrazine for repair of sciatic nerve defects in rats. Neurosci Lett 2016; 638:114-120. [PMID: 27988347 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2016.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Revised: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A tissue-engineered nerve with tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) was repaired for sciatic nerve defects in rats. A total of 55 adult Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were classified into 4 groups, with 15 rats in each of groups A, B, and C as well as 10 rats in group D. About 1.5cm of a sciatic nerve of the right hind limb located 0.5cm below the inferior margin of the piriformis was resected to form the defects. Four types of nerve grafts used for bridging nerve defects in the SD rats corresponded to the 4 groups: tissue-engineered nerves with TMP in group A, tissue-engineered nerves without TMP in group B, acellular nerve grafts (ANGs) in group C, and autologous nerves in group D. Twelve weeks post-surgery, the sciatic functional index, nerve conduction velocity, and gastrocnemius wet weight of groups A and D were higher than those of groups B and C (P<0.05). Results of fluorescence microscopy and histological staining indicated that group A performed better than groups B and C (P<0.05). Similarly, the number of horseradish peroxidase-labeled positive cells was significantly larger in group A than in groups B and C. Regenerative nerve fibers were abundant in group A and consisted mainly of myelinated nerve fibers, which were better than those in groups B and C (P<0.05). The study demonstrated that tissue-engineered nerves constructed by ANGs seeded with neural stem cells and combined with TMP can effectively repair sciatic nerve defects in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifan Xiang
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Daiqing Wei
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yunkang Yang
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
| | - Haotian Chi
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Kun Yang
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuanlin Sun
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
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Wang Y, Jia H, Li WY, Guan LX, Deng L, Liu YC, Liu GB. Molecular examination of bone marrow stromal cells and chondroitinase ABC-assisted acellular nerve allograft for peripheral nerve regeneration. Exp Ther Med 2016; 12:1980-1992. [PMID: 27698684 PMCID: PMC5038205 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2016.3585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the molecular mechanisms underlying combinatorial bone marrow stromal cell (BMSC) transplantation and chondroitinase ABC (Ch-ABC) therapy in a model of acellular nerve allograft (ANA) repair of the sciatic nerve gap in rats. Sprague Dawley rats (n=24) were used as nerve donors and Wistar rats (n=48) were randomly divided into the following groups: Group I, Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) control group (ANA treated with DMEM only); Group II, Ch-ABC group (ANA treated with Ch-ABC only); Group III, BMSC group (ANA seeded with BMSCs only); Group IV, Ch-ABC + BMSCs group (Ch-ABC treated ANA then seeded with BMSCs). After 8 weeks, the expression of nerve growth factor, brain-derived neurotrophic factor and vascular endothelial growth factor in the regenerated tissues were detected by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry. Axonal regeneration, motor neuron protection and functional recovery were examined by immunohistochemistry, horseradish peroxidase retrograde neural tracing and electrophysiological and tibialis anterior muscle recovery analyses. It was observed that combination therapy enhances the growth response of the donor nerve locally as well as distally, at the level of the spinal cord motoneuron and the target muscle organ. This phenomenon is likely due to the propagation of retrograde and anterograde transport of growth signals sourced from the graft site. Collectively, growth improvement on the donor nerve, target muscle and motoneuron ultimately contribute to efficacious axonal regeneration and functional recovery. Thorough investigation of molecular peripheral nerve injury combinatorial strategies are required for the optimization of efficacious therapy and full functional recovery following ANA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Department of Anatomy, Mudanjiang College of Medicine, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang 157011, P.R. China
| | - Hua Jia
- Department of Anatomy, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui 750004, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Yuan Li
- Department of Anatomy, Mudanjiang College of Medicine, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang 157011, P.R. China
| | - Li-Xin Guan
- Department of Anatomy, Mudanjiang College of Medicine, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang 157011, P.R. China
| | - Lingxiao Deng
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Yan-Cui Liu
- Department of Anatomy, Mudanjiang College of Medicine, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang 157011, P.R. China
| | - Gui-Bo Liu
- Department of Anatomy, Mudanjiang College of Medicine, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang 157011, P.R. China
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Pulley BR, Luo TD, Barnwell JC, Smith BP, Smith TL, Li Z. A chronically-denervated versus a freshly-harvested autograft for nerve repair in rats. HAND AND MICROSURGERY 2016; 5:124-129. [PMID: 30828670 DOI: 10.5455/handmicrosurg.215015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Autologous nerve grafting remains the gold standard for repair of peripheral nerve injuries. Its use, however, is limited by donor nerve availability and donor site morbidity. This is especially problematic after failure of an initial autograft that requires a repeat nerve graft, resulting in a second surgical site with associated morbidity. Based on the molecular differences in nerve degeneration in the proximal and distal segments after transection, we hypothesized that a chronically-denervated proximal stump may be viable for autologous nerve repair. Methods 20 Sprague-Dawley rats underwent right sciatic nerve excision and sural nerve transection. After 8 weeks, nerve repair was performed by harvesting the proximal segment of the sural nerve (n=10) or a fresh sural nerve (n=10) from the contralateral hind limb. Electrophysiological changes were analyzed to compare the fresh and denervated grafts. Results Electrophysiological testing demonstrated higher compound motor action potential in the denervated group compared to the fresh autograft group, however this difference was not statistically significant (p=0.117). Conclusion The proximal segment of a chronically-denervated sural nerve can be as effective as a fresh sural nerve for autologous repair of peripheral nerve injuries in a rodent model.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Beth P Smith
- Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Thomas L Smith
- Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Zhongyu Li
- Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
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