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Tan M, Wu Z, Li J, Liang Y, Lv W. Analyzing the impact of unemployment on mental health among Chinese university graduates: a study of emotional and linguistic patterns on Weibo. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1337859. [PMID: 38784586 PMCID: PMC11111880 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1337859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study explores the intricate relationship between unemployment rates and emotional responses among Chinese university graduates, analyzing how these factors correlate with specific linguistic features on the popular social media platform Sina Weibo. The goal is to uncover patterns that elucidate the psychological and emotional dimensions of unemployment challenges among this demographic. Methods The analysis utilized a dataset of 30,540 Sina Weibo posts containing specific keywords related to unemployment and anxiety, collected from January 2019 to June 2023. The posts were pre-processed to eliminate noise and refine the data quality. Linear regression and textual analyses were employed to identify correlations between unemployment rates for individuals aged 16-24 and the linguistic characteristics of the posts. Results The study found significant fluctuations in urban youth unemployment rates, peaking at 21.3% in June 2023. A corresponding increase in anxiety-related expressions was noted in the social media posts, with peak expressions aligning with high unemployment rates. Linguistic analysis revealed that the category of "Affect" showed a strong positive correlation with unemployment rates, indicating increased emotional expression alongside rising unemployment. Other categories such as "Negative emotion" and "Sadness" also showed significant correlations, highlighting a robust relationship between economic challenges and emotional distress. Conclusion The findings underscore the profound impact of unemployment on the emotional well-being of university students, suggesting that economic hardships are closely linked to psychological stress and heightened negative emotions. This study contributes to a holistic understanding of the socio-economic challenges faced by young adults, advocating for comprehensive support systems that address both the economic and psychological facets of unemployment.
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Jacovides C, Papadopoulou SK, Pavlidou E, Dakanalis A, Alexatou O, Vorvolakos T, Lechouritis E, Papacosta E, Chrysafi M, Mitsiou M, Mentzelou M, Kosti RI, Giaginis C. Association of Pregnant Women's Perinatal Depression with Sociodemographic, Anthropometric and Lifestyle Factors and Perinatal and Postnatal Outcomes: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Clin Med 2024; 13:2096. [PMID: 38610861 PMCID: PMC11012430 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13072096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: In recent decades, the incidence of depression has gradually increased in the general population globally. Depression is also common during gestation and could result in detrimental gestational complications for both the mother and the fetus. The survey presented aimed to evaluate whether pregnant women's perinatal depression could be associated with socio-demographic, anthropometry and lifestyle factors, and perinatal and postnatal outcomes. Methods: This is a cross-sectional survey conducted on 5314 pregnant women. Socio-demographic and lifestyle factors were recorded by relevant questionnaires via face-to-face interviews. Anthropometric parameters were measured by qualified personnel. Perinatal depressive symptomatology status was evaluated by Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI-II) questionnaire. Results: Depressive symptoms throughout gestation were found in 35.1% of the enrolled women. Perinatal depression was significantly associated with lower educational and economic level, pre-pregnancy regular smoking and reduced levels of Mediterranean diet adherence levels, a higher prevalence of gestational diabetes and preterm birth, as well as a higher incidence of delivering by caesarean section and abnormal childbirth weight. Perinatal depression was also significantly associated with a higher prevalence of maternal postpartum depression and lower prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding practices, as well as with a higher incidence of childhood asthma. Conclusions: Pregnant women's perinatal depression appears to be associated with various socio-demographic, anthropometry, and lifestyle characteristics and with a higher frequency of several adverse pregnancy complications. The present findings emphasize the importance of pregnant women's perinatal mental health, highlighting the need to develop and apply public strategies and policies for psychological counseling and support of future mothers to minimize probable risk factors that may trigger perinatal depression. Novel well-organized, follow-up surveys of enhanced validity are highly recommended to establish more definitive conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constantina Jacovides
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, 81400 Lemnos, Greece
| | - Sousana K Papadopoulou
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Eleni Pavlidou
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, 81400 Lemnos, Greece
| | - Antonios Dakanalis
- Department of Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, 20900 Monza, Italy
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Olga Alexatou
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, 81400 Lemnos, Greece
| | - Theofanis Vorvolakos
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Health Sciences, University General Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Eleftherios Lechouritis
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, 81400 Lemnos, Greece
| | - Elena Papacosta
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, School of Education and Social Sciences, Frederick University, 3080 Limassol, Cyprus
| | - Maria Chrysafi
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, 81400 Lemnos, Greece
| | - Maria Mitsiou
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Maria Mentzelou
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, 81400 Lemnos, Greece
| | - Rena I Kosti
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Physical Education, Sport Science and Dietetics, University of Thessaly, 42132 Trikala, Greece
| | - Constantinos Giaginis
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, 81400 Lemnos, Greece
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Kim HN, Taylor S. Differences of people with visual disabilities in the perceived intensity of emotion inferred from speech of sighted people in online communication settings. Disabil Rehabil Assist Technol 2024; 19:633-640. [PMID: 35997772 DOI: 10.1080/17483107.2022.2114555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE As humans convey information about emotions by speech signals, emotion recognition via auditory information is often employed to assess one's affective states. There are numerous ways of applying the knowledge of emotional vocal expressions to system designs that accommodate users' needs adequately. Yet, little is known about how people with visual disabilities infer emotions from speech stimuli, especially via online platforms (e.g., Zoom). This study focussed on examining the degree to which they perceive emotions strongly or weakly, i.e., perceived intensity but also investigating the degree to which their sociodemographic backgrounds affect them perceiving different intensity levels of emotions when exposed to a set of emotional speech stimuli via Zoom. MATERIALS AND METHODS A convenience sample of 30 individuals with visual disabilities participated in zoom interviews. Participants were given a set of emotional speech stimuli and reported the intensity level of the perceived emotions on a rating scale from 1 (weak) to 8 (strong). RESULTS When the participants were exposed to the emotional speech stimuli, calm, happy, fearful, sad, and neutral, they reported that neutral was the dominant emotion they perceived with the greatest intensity. Individual differences were also observed in the perceived intensity of emotions, associated with sociodemographic backgrounds, such as health, vision, job, and age. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study are anticipated to contribute to the fundamental knowledge that will be helpful for many stakeholders such as voice technology engineers, user experience designers, health professionals, and social workers providing support to people with visual disabilities.IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATIONTechnologies equipped with alternative user interfaces (e.g., Siri, Alexa, and Google Voice Assistant) meeting the needs of people with visual disabilities can promote independent living and quality of life.Such technologies can also be equipped with systems that can recognize emotions via users' voice, such that users can obtain services customized to fit their emotional needs or adequately address their emotional challenges (e.g., early detection of onset, provision of advice, and so on).The results of this study can be beneficial to health professionals (e.g., social workers) who work closely with clients who have visual disabilities (e.g., virtual telehealth sessions) as they could gain insights or learn how to recognize and understand the clients' emotional struggle by hearing their voice, which is contributing to enhancement of emotional intelligence. Thus, they can provide better services to their clients, leading to building a strong bond and trust between health professionals and clients with visual disabilities even they meet virtually (e.g., Zoom).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung Nam Kim
- North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC, USA
| | - Shaniah Taylor
- North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC, USA
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Mbare B. Psychosocial work environment and mental wellbeing of food delivery platform workers in Helsinki, Finland: A qualitative study. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being 2023; 18:2173336. [PMID: 36730307 PMCID: PMC9897739 DOI: 10.1080/17482631.2023.2173336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Food delivery platform work is a relatively new phenomenon in Finland and has not been studied widely hence limited knowledge on its work environment. The aim of this study was to explore and understand its psychosocial work environment in the Helsinki region and how it relates to the mental wellbeing of its couriers. METHODS The study draws its findings from 20 semi-structured, in-depth interviews with food delivery platform workers in Helsinki. Data were approached through thematic analysis where the six phases of thematic analysis were meticulously followed. RESULTS Food delivery platform work provided couriers with income and labour market opportunities. However, its work environment was psychosocially burdening, which posed detrimental challenges to the mental wellbeing of its couriers. CONCLUSION Study findings indicated that food delivery platform workers worked in an onerous work environment, which accentuated their occupational mental health. Thus, this study recommends future longitudinal research that would examine the association between food delivery platform work and mental health of couriers working through such platforms. Also, interventions and policies that aim at improving its psychosocial work environment are required for a more decent and healthier work environment that enhances mental health and wellbeing of its couriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benta Mbare
- Doctoral researcher, in the doctoral programme in Health Sciences at Tampere University, Tampere, Finland,CONTACT Benta Mbare Doctoral programme in Health Sciences, Tampere University, Finland
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Cebrino J, Portero de la Cruz S. Prevalence and Associated Factors of Depression among Adults Suffering from Migraine in Spain. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1630. [PMID: 38137078 PMCID: PMC10741794 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13121630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Considering the significance of migraine and the limited amount of research conducted on its association with depression in population-based studies in Spain, this study aimed to determine the prevalence and change of depression from 2017 to 2020 among adults with migraine in Spain and to analyze the sociodemographic and health-related variables linked to depression in migraine sufferers. A cross-sectional study on 5329 adults with migraine from the Spanish National Health Survey 2017 and the European Health Survey in Spain 2020 was performed. Binary logistic regression was used to examine the factors related to depression. A total of 26.32% of people with migraine suffered from depression. No significant changes in that prevalence between 2017 and 2020 were observed. The risk factors associated with depression included being between the ages of 25 and 44 (p = 0.018), being separated or divorced (p = 0.033), being unemployed (p < 0.001), not engaging in recreational physical activity (p = 0.016), perceiving one's health as average, poor, or very poor (p < 0.001), experiencing moderate to severe pain in daily activities (p = 0.011, p = 0.004, p < 0.001, respectively), and having 1-2 or ≥3 chronic conditions (p = 0.003, p < 0.001, respectively). Conversely, being married (p = 0.001) and alcohol consumption (p = 0.007) were identified as protective factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Cebrino
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Seville, Avda. Doctor Fedriani, S/N, 41009 Seville, Spain;
| | - Silvia Portero de la Cruz
- Department of Nursing, Pharmacology and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of Córdoba, Avda. Menéndez Pidal, S/N, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
- Research Group GE10 Clinical and Epidemiological Research in Primary Care, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
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Farmani A, Rahimianbougar M, Mohammadi Y, Faramarzi H, Khodarahimi S, Nahaboo S. Psychological, Structural, Social and Economic Determinants of Suicide Attempt: Risk Assessment and Decision Making Strategies. OMEGA-JOURNAL OF DEATH AND DYING 2023; 86:1144-1166. [PMID: 33736538 DOI: 10.1177/00302228211003462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this research was to conduct a risk assessment and management of psychological, structural, social and economic determinants (PSSED) in a suicide attempt. The sample consisted of 353 individuals who had a recorded history of suicidal attempt; and 20 professional individuals by purposive sampling method within a descriptive cross-sectional design. Worksheets for RAM and AHP were used for data collection in this study. The rate of suicide attempt was 7.21 per 100,000 population in this study. Analysis showed that depression and mental disorders; personality disorders; family problems; socio-cultural and economic problems; lack of awareness; and low level of education have a high level of risk for suicide attempts. Psychiatric and psychological services; awareness and knowledge of life skills; medical services to dysfunctional families; development of community-based planning for PSSED of suicide; and employment and entrepreneurship services may lower suicide attempt risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azam Farmani
- Social Emergency Center, Welfare General Bureau of Fars Province, Shiraz, Iran
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Iftikhar S, Perceval G, Fu Y, Zhou C, Cao Y. Prevalence of mental health problems among stranded international students during the COVID-19 pandemic. BMC Psychol 2022; 10:211. [PMID: 36057725 PMCID: PMC9440457 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-022-00917-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) spread fast throughout China and the rest of the world, prompting the World Health Organization to declare a worldwide pandemic on March 11, 2020. Many countries have implemented travel bans, lockdowns, and stay-at-home policies to combat the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to investigate the risk factors of mental health problems among international students stranded outside of China during the pandemic. METHODS A qualitative study was conducted among non-Chinese international students enrolled at Chinese universities who were stranded in their home countries. The participants were recruited using a purposive sampling technique. Following informed consent, in-depth interviews were conducted with the help of a semi-structured guide. Two independent investigators transcribed and coded the interview data. The investigators established themes after going through a detailed discussion. RESULTS Participants reported several mental health risk factors, such as a rise in hopelessness and level of uncertainty, worry, lost interest and focus, lack of support, unemployment and financial hardships, social pressure, behavioral and mood changes, sleep disorder, and increased smoking. These mental health problems will affect the concentration and deep learning, thereby increasing academic stress. In addition, we found that the outbreak of the delta-variant led to a further increase in these mental health risk factors. CONCLUSIONS The pandemic scenario, along with international travel restrictions, increased the likelihood of mental health problems among stranded international students. Thus, preventing further rises in mental health disorders and reducing the effects of pandemic-related measures on stranded international students, such as researchers and policymakers can mitigate the pandemic's effects and achieve national or international health and educational goals. Adequate intervention for this group is strongly recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shandana Iftikhar
- School of Education, Soochow University, Room No. 5627, Building 1005, Dushu lake campus, Suzhou, China
| | - Garon Perceval
- School of Education, Soochow University, Room No. 5627, Building 1005, Dushu lake campus, Suzhou, China.,UQ Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia
| | - Yining Fu
- School of Education, Soochow University, Room No. 5627, Building 1005, Dushu lake campus, Suzhou, China.
| | - Chuan Zhou
- School of Education, Soochow University, Room No. 5627, Building 1005, Dushu lake campus, Suzhou, China
| | - Yongguo Cao
- School of Education, Soochow University, Room No. 5627, Building 1005, Dushu lake campus, Suzhou, China
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8
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Socastro A, Contreras A, Peinado V, Trucharte A, Valiente C, Vazquez C, Sanchez-Lopez A. The mediating role of controllability appraisals and coping strategies on adaptive functioning after job loss: a path model. Sci Rep 2022; 12:14898. [PMID: 36050384 PMCID: PMC9436725 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19186-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Job loss is a stressful event that increases the risk of experiencing depression and anxiety, especially during the initial months of unemployment. This study examined differences in psychological symptoms and resilient functioning accounted by employment status. The results pointed out that recently unemployed compared to currently employed individuals had lower levels of perceived controllability and resilience as well as higher levels of depression and anxiety. Path analyses showed that lower controllability appraisals at wave 1 of recently unemployed compared to employed individuals, in turn, predicted a lower use of active coping and reappraisal at wave 2, with the latter further accounting for lower levels in resilience. Higher use of distraction further mediated the relation between employment status and higher levels of depression and anxiety symptoms. Our findings demonstrate the importance of controllability appraisals and coping strategies used to promote adaptive psychological functioning following job loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Socastro
- Department of Personality, Evaluation and Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, Somosaguas Campus, 28223, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Alba Contreras
- Department of Personality, Evaluation and Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, Somosaguas Campus, 28223, Madrid, Spain
| | - Vanesa Peinado
- Department of Personality, Evaluation and Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, Somosaguas Campus, 28223, Madrid, Spain
| | - Almudena Trucharte
- Department of Personality, Evaluation and Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, Somosaguas Campus, 28223, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Valiente
- Department of Personality, Evaluation and Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, Somosaguas Campus, 28223, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmelo Vazquez
- Department of Personality, Evaluation and Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, Somosaguas Campus, 28223, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alvaro Sanchez-Lopez
- Department of Personality, Evaluation and Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, Somosaguas Campus, 28223, Madrid, Spain
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Davis LL, Mumba MN, Toscano R, Pilkinton P, Blansett CM, McCall K, MacVicar D, Bartolucci A. A Randomized Controlled Trial Evaluating the Effectiveness of Supported Employment Integrated in Primary Care. Psychiatr Serv 2022; 73:620-627. [PMID: 34521208 DOI: 10.1176/appi.ps.202000926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Mental health issues can cause serious problems in occupational functioning, including higher rates of unemployment. Individual placement and support (IPS) is an evidence-based supported employment intervention that is typically integrated within a mental health setting; however, many primary care patients view referral to a mental health clinic as stigmatizing. Thus, this study examined whether delivery of IPS in a primary care setting provides an effective treatment option and avoids unnecessary delays in obtaining competitive employment. METHODS U.S. military veterans (N=119) who had a diagnosis in a broad range of nonpsychotic psychiatric disorders and who were receiving care from Veterans Health Administration (VHA) patient-aligned care teams were prospectively randomly assigned to IPS (N=58) or standard VHA non-IPS vocational rehabilitation (VR) (N=61). The primary outcome was achievement of steady worker status, defined as holding a competitive job for ≥6 months of the 12-month follow-up. RESULTS As hypothesized, a significantly greater proportion of IPS participants achieved steady worker status (45%), compared with VR participants (25%) (p=0.02; odds ratio=2.49, 95% confidence interval=1.14-5.43). On average, the IPS participants worked significantly more weeks (p=0.003) and earned significantly more income (p=0.033) from competitive jobs, compared with VR participants. CONCLUSIONS The results provide supporting evidence for offering IPS within primary care with the aim of restoring meaningful and sustained competitive employment for veterans living with a mental disorder. Such modifications could improve veterans' vocational outcomes, moving a significantly greater number of disabled veterans back to full and productive lives in the community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lori L Davis
- Research Service, Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Medical Center, Tuscaloosa, Alabama (Davis, Mumba, Toscano, Pilkinton, Blansett, McCall, MacVicar); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama School of Medicine, Birmingham (Davis); Capstone College of Nursing, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa (Mumba); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, University of Alabama College of Community Health Sciences, Tuscaloosa (Pilkinton); Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (Bartolucci)
| | - Mercy N Mumba
- Research Service, Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Medical Center, Tuscaloosa, Alabama (Davis, Mumba, Toscano, Pilkinton, Blansett, McCall, MacVicar); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama School of Medicine, Birmingham (Davis); Capstone College of Nursing, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa (Mumba); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, University of Alabama College of Community Health Sciences, Tuscaloosa (Pilkinton); Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (Bartolucci)
| | - Richard Toscano
- Research Service, Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Medical Center, Tuscaloosa, Alabama (Davis, Mumba, Toscano, Pilkinton, Blansett, McCall, MacVicar); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama School of Medicine, Birmingham (Davis); Capstone College of Nursing, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa (Mumba); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, University of Alabama College of Community Health Sciences, Tuscaloosa (Pilkinton); Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (Bartolucci)
| | - Patricia Pilkinton
- Research Service, Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Medical Center, Tuscaloosa, Alabama (Davis, Mumba, Toscano, Pilkinton, Blansett, McCall, MacVicar); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama School of Medicine, Birmingham (Davis); Capstone College of Nursing, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa (Mumba); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, University of Alabama College of Community Health Sciences, Tuscaloosa (Pilkinton); Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (Bartolucci)
| | - Catherine M Blansett
- Research Service, Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Medical Center, Tuscaloosa, Alabama (Davis, Mumba, Toscano, Pilkinton, Blansett, McCall, MacVicar); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama School of Medicine, Birmingham (Davis); Capstone College of Nursing, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa (Mumba); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, University of Alabama College of Community Health Sciences, Tuscaloosa (Pilkinton); Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (Bartolucci)
| | - Kimberly McCall
- Research Service, Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Medical Center, Tuscaloosa, Alabama (Davis, Mumba, Toscano, Pilkinton, Blansett, McCall, MacVicar); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama School of Medicine, Birmingham (Davis); Capstone College of Nursing, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa (Mumba); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, University of Alabama College of Community Health Sciences, Tuscaloosa (Pilkinton); Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (Bartolucci)
| | - David MacVicar
- Research Service, Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Medical Center, Tuscaloosa, Alabama (Davis, Mumba, Toscano, Pilkinton, Blansett, McCall, MacVicar); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama School of Medicine, Birmingham (Davis); Capstone College of Nursing, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa (Mumba); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, University of Alabama College of Community Health Sciences, Tuscaloosa (Pilkinton); Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (Bartolucci)
| | - Al Bartolucci
- Research Service, Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Medical Center, Tuscaloosa, Alabama (Davis, Mumba, Toscano, Pilkinton, Blansett, McCall, MacVicar); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama School of Medicine, Birmingham (Davis); Capstone College of Nursing, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa (Mumba); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, University of Alabama College of Community Health Sciences, Tuscaloosa (Pilkinton); Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (Bartolucci)
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10
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Amiri S. Unemployment associated with major depression disorder and depressive symptoms: a systematic review and meta-analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND ERGONOMICS 2021; 28:2080-2092. [PMID: 34259616 DOI: 10.1080/10803548.2021.1954793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Objectives. This study investigated the association between unemployment and depressive symptoms and major depression disorder worldwide using a systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods. Search time was limited to all articles published in English until December 2020. In the association between unemployment and depression, first, the results of qualified studies were extracted and, then, the results of each study were pooled with each other using the random effects method. Results. The prevalence of depression in the unemployed is 21%, 95% confidence interval (CI) [18, 24%]. This prevalence for depression symptoms is 24%, 95% CI [20, 28%] and for major depressive disorder is 16%, 95% CI [9-24%]. The association between unemployment and depressive symptoms was odds ratio (OR) 2.06, 95% CI [1.85, 2.30] and the association for major depressive disorder was OR 1.88, 95% CI [1.57, 2.25]. The association between unemployment and depression in men was OR 2.27, 95% CI [1.76, 2.93] and in women was OR 1.62, 95% CI [1.40, 1.87]. Conclusions. What is clear from the present study is that unemployment can lead to a higher prevalence of depressive symptoms and major depressive disorder, thereby undermining the mental health of the unemployed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohrab Amiri
- Medicine, Quran and Hadith Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Lifestyle Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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11
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Mallah N, Figueiras A, Heidarian Miri H, Takkouche B. Association of knowledge and attitudes with practices of misuse of tranquilizers: A cohort study in Spain. Drug Alcohol Depend 2021; 225:108793. [PMID: 34087748 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.108793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tranquilizer misuse represents a growing international public health problem with heavy social and economic consequences. We aimed to identify the psychosocial determinants of this misuse practice, focusing on modifiable factors including knowledge and attitudes towards these medications. METHODS A prospective cohort study involving 847 adults accompanying children in primary care clinics was carried out in Spain. A validated Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices (KAP) questionnaire on tranquilizer use was self-administered at baseline, and then participants were followed-up bimonthly. A misuse event was defined as unprescribed intake of tranquilizers, storing/sharing leftovers of tranquilizers, and/or not adhering to the prescribed treatment period, timing or dosage. Poisson regression models were applied to estimate adjusted Incidence Rate Ratios (IRRs) of misuse and their 95 % Confidence Intervals (CIs). FINDINGS Individuals' personal attitudes towards tranquilizers and treating physicians are strongly associated with the misuse of these drugs. These attitudes include: individuals' acceptance of taking tranquilizers to improve sleeping [IRR: 5.10 (95 %CI: 2.74-9.48)], to work better [IRR: 2.04 (95 %CI: 1.05-3.99)], or for recreational purposes [IRR: 1.85 (95 %CI: 1.04-3.32)]; willingness to prolong the course of tranquilizer treatment without medical consultation [IRR: 2.45 (95 %CI: 1.46-4.13)]; agreeing on storing tranquilizers for possible future need [IRR: 5.07 (95 %CI: 2.73-9.40)]; and untrusting the physician's decision about tranquilizer prescription [IRR: 1.92 (95 %CI: 1.12-3.30)]. The level of knowledge is marginally associated with tranquilizer misuse. CONCLUSIONS There is a strong association between individuals' attitudes towards tranquilizers and the misuse practices of these drugs. Educational interventional studies could help reduce the incidence of tranquilizer misuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narmeen Mallah
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBER-ESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Adolfo Figueiras
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBER-ESP), Madrid, Spain; Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Hamid Heidarian Miri
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Bahi Takkouche
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBER-ESP), Madrid, Spain; Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
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13
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Zolnikov TR, Clark T, Zolnikov T. Likely Exacerbation of Psychological Disorders from Covid-19 Response. J Prim Care Community Health 2021; 12:21501327211016739. [PMID: 33998328 PMCID: PMC8132076 DOI: 10.1177/21501327211016739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Anxiety and fear felt by people around the world regarding the coronavirus pandemic is real and can be overwhelming, resulting in strong emotional reactions in adults and children. With depressive and anxiety disorders already highly prevalent in the general population (300 million worldwide), depression and/or anxiety specifically because of the pandemic response is likely. Moreover, the current state of panic in the face of uncertainty is apt to produce significant amounts of stress. While this situation has the potential to cause psychological disorders in previously unaffected populations, perhaps more impactful is the exacerbation of symptoms of many existing disorders including anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and hoarding disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tara Rava Zolnikov
- National University, San Diego, CA, USA.,University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA.,California Southern University, Costa Mesa, CA, USA
| | - Tanya Clark
- California Southern University, Costa Mesa, CA, USA
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14
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Mortensen M, Sandvik RKNM, Svendsen ØS, Haaverstad R, Moi AL. Return to work after coronary artery bypass grafting and aortic valve replacement surgery: A scoping review. Scand J Caring Sci 2021; 36:893-909. [PMID: 34057755 DOI: 10.1111/scs.13006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronary artery bypass grafting surgery and aortic valve replacement surgery are essential treatment options for people suffering from angina pectoris or aortic valve disease. Surgery aims to prolong life expectancy, improve quality of life, and facilitate participation in society for the individuals afflicted. The aim of this review was to explore the literature on work participation in patients following coronary artery bypass grafting or aortic valve replacement surgery, and to identify demographic and clinical characteristics associated with returning to work. METHODS A scoping review framework of Arksey and O'Malley was chosen. Four electronic databases: Medline, CINAHL, Embase, and Google Scholar were searched for studies in English, Swedish, Danish or Norwegian between January 1988 and January 2020. A blinded selection of articles was performed. The data were then charted and summarized by descriptive numerical analyses and categorized into themes. RESULTS Forty-five out of 432 articles were included in the final full-text analysis. Absence from work following coronary artery bypass graft grafting or aortic valve replacement surgery lasted on average 30 weeks, whereas 34% of the patients never returned to work. Being female, suffering from pre-existing depression, having limited secondary education, or low income were associated with decreased return to work rates. Previous employment was a decisive factor for returning to work after surgery. Data on return to work after aortic valve replacement were scarce. CONCLUSIONS A significant number of patients never return to work following coronary artery bypass grafting or aortic valve surgery, and the time interval until work return is longer than expected. Failure to resume work represents a threat to the patients' finances and quality of life. Nurses are in a unique position to assess work-related issues and have an active part in the multi-disciplinary facilitation of tailored occupational counselling after cardiac surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Mortensen
- Department of Health and Caring Sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen, Norway
| | - Reidun K N M Sandvik
- Department of Health and Caring Sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen, Norway
| | - Øyvind S Svendsen
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Rune Haaverstad
- Section of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Heart Disease, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Clinical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Asgjerd L Moi
- Department of Health and Caring Sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Plastic, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, National Burn Centre, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
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Wang SD, Devjani S, Chillakanti M, Dunton GF, Mason TB. The COMET study: Examining the effects of COVID-19-related perceived stress on Los Angeles Mothers' dysregulated eating behaviors, child feeding practices, and body mass index. Appetite 2021; 163:105209. [PMID: 33737212 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2021.105209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic and associated restrictions and mandates have had pronounced implications on the well-being of individuals. This study conducted exploratory analyses of the relationship between COVID-19-related life changes and COVID-19-related perceived stress and associations between COVID-19-related perceived stress and dysregulated maternal eating behaviors, child feeding practices, and body mass index (BMI) in Los Angeles mothers. Mothers (Mage = 37.6 ± 6.9) of children aged 5-11 (N = 197, response rate 92.5%) completed an online questionnaire assessing COVID-19-related life changes, COVID-19-related perceived stress, mechanisms used to cope with COVID-19, child feeding practices, their own eating behavior, demographics, and height and weight. The highest proportion of participants reported changes to work, disruptions due to childcare challenges, and increased home responsibilities. Higher COVID-19-related perceived stress was experienced by those who reported loss of work hours (29%), loss of job (15.2%), reduced ability to afford childcare (18.8%), and reduced ability to afford rent/mortgage (19.8%) (ps < 0.05) than those who did not. The most common strategy that mothers indicated using to cope with COVID-19 related stress was eating comfort foods (e.g., candy and chips) (58.7%). COVID-19-related perceived stress was positively associated with mother's BMI and emotional eating (ps < 0.05). Rewarding their child's eating and behavior with food were both positively associated with the number of COVID-19 related life changes (ps < 0.05). This study yields new knowledge of the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on mothers' dysregulated eating behaviors and child feeding practices. The results highlight the importance of conducting further research to confirm these findings and understand the nature of associations between COVID-19-related perceived stress and health. This is crucial in order to explore ways in which lasting impacts of the pandemic on mental and physical health can be prevented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirlene D Wang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, USA.
| | | | - Mahima Chillakanti
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, USA
| | - Genevieve F Dunton
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, USA; Department of Psychology, Dornsife College of Letters, Arts, and Sciences, University of Southern California, USA
| | - Tyler B Mason
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, USA
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Chafi YK, Amare T, Haile K, Damene W, Tesfaye G, Minichil W. Prevalence and correlates of job loss among schizophrenia outpatients at St. AmanuelMental Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; cross sectional study. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0242352. [PMID: 33370291 PMCID: PMC7769443 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0242352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Job loss in patient with chronic illness like schizophrenia is the most serious public concern in the clinical and socio-economic terms worldwide. Patients with schizophrenia usually have unsatisfactory job termination like quitting or getting fired which results well-established negative outcomes. The complex interplay between one another has made job and mental illness the focus areas. In the developing nations, there is limited study on these areas in spite of higher rates of job loss. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to assess the prevalence and correlates of job loss among schizophrenia outpatient units in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. METHODS Institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted at Saint Amanuel Mental Specialized Hospital among schizophrenia outpatient units in Addis Ababa from May to June 2018. A total of 421 study subjects were interviewed using Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale and Perceived devaluation and discrimination scale. Out of the total study participants, female populations were slightly higher (50.4%) and the majorities (38.6%) were orthodox religion followers. Study characteristics was summarized using descriptive statistics and bi-variable and multivariable analysis was performed using Statistical Package for Social Science version 24. Furthermore, those factors at p value ≤ 0.05 were considered as statistically significant. RESULTS The prevalence of job loss among patients with schizophrenia was 37.3%. Factors including unmarried [AOR = 2.42:95% CI (1.28, 4.54)], divorced [AOR = 2.34: 95% CI (1.16, 4.71)], severe positive symptoms [AOR = 2.03: 95% CI (1.15, 3.60)], severe general psychopathology [AOR = 1.76: 95% CI (1.01, 3.08)], and poor level of social and occupational functioning [AOR = 5.05: 95% CI (2.81, 9.09)] were significantly associated with job loss among schizophrenia people. CONCLUSION This study suggested that job loss among schizophrenia outpatients was high. There was significant association among people with unmarried, divorced, severe positive symptoms, poor functionality and higher general psychopathology. Therefore, clinical and psychosocial factors were responsible for job loss which warrant further attention and investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohannes Kifle Chafi
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Health Science, Aksum University, Axum, Ethiopia
| | - Tadele Amare
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Kelemua Haile
- Research and Training Department, St. Amanuel Mental Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Woynabeba Damene
- Research and Training Department, St. Amanuel Mental Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Getaneh Tesfaye
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Health Science, Aksum University, Axum, Ethiopia
| | - Woredaw Minichil
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
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17
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Ghafoor A, Hussain KA, Sawal I. The urgency of mitigating the psychological impacts of COVID-19 lockdowns on parents of mentally disabled children. Asian J Psychiatr 2020; 53:102402. [PMID: 32891931 PMCID: PMC7456190 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Yang L, Hu L, Hipp JA, Imm KR, Schutte R, Stubbs B, Colditz GA, Smith L. Cross-sectional associations of active transport, employment status and objectively measured physical activity: analyses from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. J Epidemiol Community Health 2018; 72:764-769. [PMID: 29730607 PMCID: PMC6086741 DOI: 10.1136/jech-2017-210265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Revised: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Background To investigate associations between active transport, employment status and objectively measured moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in a representative sample of US adults. Methods Cross-sectional analyses of data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. A total of 5180 adults (50.2 years old, 49.0% men) were classified by levels of active transportation and employment status. Outcome measure was weekly time spent in MVPA as recorded by the Actigraph accelerometer. Associations between active transport, employment status and objectively measured MVPA were examined using multivariable linear regression models adjusted for age, BMI, race and ethnicity, education level, marital status, smoking status, working hour duration (among the employed only), and self-reported leisure time physical activity. Results Patterns of active transport were similar between the employed (n=2,897) and unemployed (n=2,283), such that 76.0% employed and 77.5% unemployed engaged in no active transport. For employed adults, those engaging in high levels of active transport (≥90 min/week) had higher amount of MVPA than those who did not engage in active transport. This translated to 40.8 (95% CI: 15.7, 65.9) additional minutes MVPA per week in men and 57.9 (95% CI: 32.1, 83.7) additional minutes MVPA per week in women. Among the unemployed adults, higher levels of active transport were associated with more MVPA among men (44.8 min/week MVPA, 95% CI: 9.2, 80.5), only. Conclusions Findings from the present study support interventions to promote active transport to increase population level physical activity. Additional strategies are likely required to promote physical activity among unemployed women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Yang
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Division of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Washington University, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Liang Hu
- Department of Sport Science, Zhejiang University College of Education, Hangzhou, China
| | - J Aaron Hipp
- Center for Geospatial Analytics, Department of Parks, Recreation and Tourism Management, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Kellie R Imm
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Rudolph Schutte
- Department of Medical Science and Public Health, Faculty of Medical Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford, UK
| | - Brendon Stubbs
- Physiotherapy Department, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.,Health Service and Population Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.,Faculty of Health, Social Care and Education, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford, UK
| | - Graham A Colditz
- Division of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Washington University, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Lee Smith
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Sports and Exercise Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
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