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Vilahur G, Nguyen PH, Badimon L. Impact of Diabetes Mellitus on the Potential of Autologous Stem Cells and Stem Cell-Derived Microvesicles to Repair the Ischemic Heart. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2021; 36:933-949. [PMID: 34251593 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-021-07208-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Despite the advances in medical management and catheter-based therapy, mortality remains high, as does the risk of developing heart failure. Regenerative therapies have been widely used as an alternative option to repair the damaged heart mainly because of their paracrine-related beneficial effects. Although cell-based therapy has been demonstrated as feasible and safe, randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses show little consistent benefit from treatments with adult-derived stem cells. Mounting evidence from our group and others supports that cardiovascular risk factors and comorbidities impair stem cell potential thus hampering their autologous use. This review aims to better understand the influence of diabetes on stem cell potential. For this purpose, we will first discuss the most recent advances in the mechanistic understanding of the effects of diabetes on stem cell phenotype, function, and molecular fingerprint to further elaborate on diabetes-induced alterations in stem cell extracellular vesicle profile. Although we acknowledge that multiple sources of stem or progenitor cells are used for regenerative purposes, we will focus on bone marrow hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells, mesenchymal stem cells residing in the bone marrow, and adipose tissue and briefly discuss endothelial colony-forming cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Vilahur
- Cardiovascular-Program ICCC, IR-Hospital Santa Creu I Sant Pau, IIB Sant Pau, C/Sant Antoni Mª Claret 167, 08025, Barcelona, Spain.,Ciber CV - ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Phuong Hue Nguyen
- Cardiovascular-Program ICCC, IR-Hospital Santa Creu I Sant Pau, IIB Sant Pau, C/Sant Antoni Mª Claret 167, 08025, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lina Badimon
- Cardiovascular-Program ICCC, IR-Hospital Santa Creu I Sant Pau, IIB Sant Pau, C/Sant Antoni Mª Claret 167, 08025, Barcelona, Spain. .,Ciber CV - ISCIII, Madrid, Spain. .,Cardiovascular Research Chair UAB, Barcelona, Spain.
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2
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Badimon L, Bugiardini R, Cenko E, Cubedo J, Dorobantu M, Duncker DJ, Estruch R, Milicic D, Tousoulis D, Vasiljevic Z, Vilahur G, de Wit C, Koller A. Position paper of the European Society of Cardiology-working group of coronary pathophysiology and microcirculation: obesity and heart disease. Eur Heart J 2019; 38:1951-1958. [PMID: 28873951 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lina Badimon
- Cardiovascular Research Center (CSIC-ICCC), CIBERCV, and Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), c/Sant Antoni M Claret 167, 08025 Barcelona, Spain.,Cardiovascular Research Chair UAB, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raffaele Bugiardini
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Via Giuseppe Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Edina Cenko
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Via Giuseppe Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Judit Cubedo
- Cardiovascular Research Center (CSIC-ICCC), CIBERCV, and Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), c/Sant Antoni MaClaret 167, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Dorobantu
- Cardiology Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Carol Davila" of Bucharest, Emergency Clinical Hospital of Bucharest, 8, Calea Floreasca, Sector 1, 014461 Bucuresti, Romania
| | - Dirk J Duncker
- Division of Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Thoraxcenter, Cardiovascular Research Institute COEUR, Erasmus University Medical Center, PO Box 1738, 3000 DR, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ramón Estruch
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Villarroel, 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER Obesity and Nutrition, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - Davor Milicic
- Department for Cardiovascular Diseases, University Hospital Center Zagreb, University of Zagreb, Kispaticeva 12, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Dimitris Tousoulis
- First Department of Cardiology, Hippokration Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, Vasilissis Sofias 114, TK 115 28 Athens, Greece
| | - Zorana Vasiljevic
- Clinical Center of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Pasterova 2, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Gemma Vilahur
- Cardiovascular Research Center (CSIC-ICCC), CIBERCV, and Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), c/Sant Antoni MaClaret 167, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cor de Wit
- Institut für Physiologie, Universität zu Lübeck and Deutsches Zentrumfür Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung (DZHK) e.V., partner site: Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Akos Koller
- Institute of Natural Sciences, University of Physical Education, Alkotas street, 44, 1123 Budapest, Hungary.,Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA
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3
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Dallak M, Bin-Jaliah I, Sakr HF, Al-Ani B, Haidara MA. Swim exercise inhibits hemostatic abnormalities in a rat model of obesity and insulin resistance. Arch Physiol Biochem 2019; 125:79-84. [PMID: 29437487 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2018.1437749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We sought to determine whether swim exercise can inhibit high carbohydrate and fat diet (HCFD)-induced biomarkers of coagulation and thrombosis. MATERIAL AND METHODS Rats were either fed with HCFD (model group) or a standard laboratory chow (control group) for 15 weeks. Swim exercise-'treated' rats started swim exercise training from the 11th week until being sacrificed, on Week 15. RESULTS HCFD caused a significant increase in blood glucose, insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), lipidemia, and inflammatory biomarkers. In addition, HCFD significantly modulated coagulation and thrombosis biomarkers; fibrinogen, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, von Willebrand factor, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, blood clotting and bleeding time, and ADP-induced platelet aggregation that was effectively inhibited by swimming exercises. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate that in an animal model of obesity and insulin resistance, there is a significant change in hemostasis, which is ameliorated by swim exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Dallak
- a Department of Physiology, College of Medicine , King Khalid University , Abha , Saudi Arabia
| | - Ismaeel Bin-Jaliah
- a Department of Physiology, College of Medicine , King Khalid University , Abha , Saudi Arabia
| | - Hussein F Sakr
- b Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences , Sultan Qaboos University , Muscat , Oman
| | - Bahjat Al-Ani
- a Department of Physiology, College of Medicine , King Khalid University , Abha , Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A Haidara
- a Department of Physiology, College of Medicine , King Khalid University , Abha , Saudi Arabia
- c Department of Physiology, Kasr Al-Aini Faculty of Medicine , Cairo University , Cairo , Egypt
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4
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Sakr HF, Abbas AM, Haidara MA. Swimming, but not vitamin E, ameliorates prothrombotic state and hypofibrinolysis in a rat model of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 2018; 29:61-71. [PMID: 29161233 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp-2017-0069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with a systemic procoagulant hypofibrinolysis state that is considered as a risk factor for microangiopathy and peripheral vascular diseases. Swimming exercise ameliorates the metabolic dysfunction in type 2 diabetes. Vitamin E is a natural antioxidant that reduces the risk of endothelial dysfunction in metabolic syndrome. The aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of combined swimming exercise with vitamin E on coagulation as well as blood fibrinolysis markers in rats with NAFLD. METHODS Eighty male rats were divided into control, control+vitamin E, control+exercise, high-fat diet (HFD), HFD+vitamin E, HFD+exercise, and HFD+vitamin E+exercise groups. Glucose, insulin, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), triglycerides, cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL), alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST), intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM-1), endothelin-1, von Willebrand factor (vWF), fibrinogen, plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1), fibrin degradation products (FDP), platelet count and aggregation, bleeding and clotting times, activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), and prothrombin time (PT) were determined. RESULTS HFD increased lipid profile, insulin, glucose, HOMA-IR, liver enzymes, adhesion molecules, endothelin-1, vWF, platelet aggregation, fibrinogen, FDP, and PAI-1, and decreased clotting and bleeding times and HDL. Although exercise reduced lipid profile, glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, vWF, platelet aggregation, fibrinogen, FDP, and PAI-1 and increased PT, aPTT, bleeding and clotting times, and HDL, vitamin E had no effect. CONCLUSIONS Exercise, but not vitamin E, ameliorated the HFD-induced prothrombotic state and enhanced fibrinolytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussein F Sakr
- Faculty of Medicine, Medical Physiology Department, Mansoura University, P.O. Box 35516, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Amr M Abbas
- Faculty of Medicine, Medical Physiology Department, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Haidara
- Kasr Al-Aini Faculty of Medicine, Medical Physiology Department, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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5
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Vilahur G, Ben-Aicha S, Badimon L. New insights into the role of adipose tissue in thrombosis. Cardiovasc Res 2018; 113:1046-1054. [PMID: 28472252 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvx086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Central obesity is independently associated with an elevated risk of cardiovascular disease, particularly thrombotic complications. Increasing data supports a link between excess body weight and the risk to suffer acute myocardial infarction, stent thrombosis after percutaneous interventions, ischemic stroke and vein thrombosis. Experimental and in vitro data have provided insights as to the mechanisms currently presumed to increase the thrombotic risk in obese subjects. Obesity is characterized by a chronic low grade inflammation and systemic oxidative stress that eventually damage the endothelium losing its antithrombotic properties. Obesity also stimulates the expression of leptin and attenuates adiponectin release, a protective adipokine. Although the contribution of adipokines to thrombosis has been questioned, recent work has suggested that they enhance platelet activation and, although to a lesser extent, induce the coagulation cascade through tissue factor (TF) expression. Increased body weight also impairs platelet sensitivity to insulin signaling and enhances the production of bioactive isoprostanes further promoting platelet reactivity. Finally, obese subjects have shown elevated circulating levels of von Willebrand factor, TF, factor VII and VIII, and fibrinogen, favoring a mild-to-moderate hypercoagulable state, and, on the other hand, increased secretion of plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI)-1 and thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI) contributing to impair the fibrinolytic system. In the present review, we provide an overview of the impact of excess body weight on thrombosis. We will focus on the link between dysfunctional adipose tissue and endothelial damage, platelet reactivity, enhanced coagulation and impaired fibrinolysis; mechanisms currently recognized to increase arterial thrombotic risk in obese subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Vilahur
- Cardiovascular Science Institute-ICCC, IIB-Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERCV Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Soumaya Ben-Aicha
- Cardiovascular Science Institute-ICCC, IIB-Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lina Badimon
- Cardiovascular Science Institute-ICCC, IIB-Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERCV Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Cardiovascular Research Chair, UAB, Barcelona, Spain
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6
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Spronk HMH, Padro T, Siland JE, Prochaska JH, Winters J, van der Wal AC, Posthuma JJ, Lowe G, d'Alessandro E, Wenzel P, Coenen DM, Reitsma PH, Ruf W, van Gorp RH, Koenen RR, Vajen T, Alshaikh NA, Wolberg AS, Macrae FL, Asquith N, Heemskerk J, Heinzmann A, Moorlag M, Mackman N, van der Meijden P, Meijers JCM, Heestermans M, Renné T, Dólleman S, Chayouâ W, Ariëns RAS, Baaten CC, Nagy M, Kuliopulos A, Posma JJ, Harrison P, Vries MJ, Crijns HJGM, Dudink EAMP, Buller HR, Henskens YMC, Själander A, Zwaveling S, Erküner O, Eikelboom JW, Gulpen A, Peeters FECM, Douxfils J, Olie RH, Baglin T, Leader A, Schotten U, Scaf B, van Beusekom HMM, Mosnier LO, van der Vorm L, Declerck P, Visser M, Dippel DWJ, Strijbis VJ, Pertiwi K, Ten Cate-Hoek AJ, Ten Cate H. Atherothrombosis and Thromboembolism: Position Paper from the Second Maastricht Consensus Conference on Thrombosis. Thromb Haemost 2018; 118:229-250. [PMID: 29378352 DOI: 10.1160/th17-07-0492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Atherothrombosis is a leading cause of cardiovascular mortality and long-term morbidity. Platelets and coagulation proteases, interacting with circulating cells and in different vascular beds, modify several complex pathologies including atherosclerosis. In the second Maastricht Consensus Conference on Thrombosis, this theme was addressed by diverse scientists from bench to bedside. All presentations were discussed with audience members and the results of these discussions were incorporated in the final document that presents a state-of-the-art reflection of expert opinions and consensus recommendations regarding the following five topics: 1. Risk factors, biomarkers and plaque instability: In atherothrombosis research, more focus on the contribution of specific risk factors like ectopic fat needs to be considered; definitions of atherothrombosis are important distinguishing different phases of disease, including plaque (in)stability; proteomic and metabolomics data are to be added to genetic information. 2. Circulating cells including platelets and atherothrombosis: Mechanisms of leukocyte and macrophage plasticity, migration, and transformation in murine atherosclerosis need to be considered; disease mechanism-based biomarkers need to be identified; experimental systems are needed that incorporate whole-blood flow to understand how red blood cells influence thrombus formation and stability; knowledge on platelet heterogeneity and priming conditions needs to be translated toward the in vivo situation. 3. Coagulation proteases, fibrin(ogen) and thrombus formation: The role of factor (F) XI in thrombosis including the lower margins of this factor related to safe and effective antithrombotic therapy needs to be established; FXI is a key regulator in linking platelets, thrombin generation, and inflammatory mechanisms in a renin-angiotensin dependent manner; however, the impact on thrombin-dependent PAR signaling needs further study; the fundamental mechanisms in FXIII biology and biochemistry and its impact on thrombus biophysical characteristics need to be explored; the interactions of red cells and fibrin formation and its consequences for thrombus formation and lysis need to be addressed. Platelet-fibrin interactions are pivotal determinants of clot formation and stability with potential therapeutic consequences. 4. Preventive and acute treatment of atherothrombosis and arterial embolism; novel ways and tailoring? The role of protease-activated receptor (PAR)-4 vis à vis PAR-1 as target for antithrombotic therapy merits study; ongoing trials on platelet function test-based antiplatelet therapy adjustment support development of practically feasible tests; risk scores for patients with atrial fibrillation need refinement, taking new biomarkers including coagulation into account; risk scores that consider organ system differences in bleeding may have added value; all forms of oral anticoagulant treatment require better organization, including education and emergency access; laboratory testing still needs rapidly available sensitive tests with short turnaround time. 5. Pleiotropy of coagulation proteases, thrombus resolution and ischaemia-reperfusion: Biobanks specifically for thrombus storage and analysis are needed; further studies on novel modified activated protein C-based agents are required including its cytoprotective properties; new avenues for optimizing treatment of patients with ischaemic stroke are needed, also including novel agents that modify fibrinolytic activity (aimed at plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- H M H Spronk
- Laboratory for Clinical Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - T Padro
- Cardiovascular Research Center (ICCC), Hospital Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J E Siland
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - J H Prochaska
- Center for Cardiology/Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis/DZHK, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - J Winters
- Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - A C van der Wal
- Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J J Posthuma
- Laboratory for Clinical Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - G Lowe
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland
| | - E d'Alessandro
- Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - P Wenzel
- Department of Cardiology, Universitätsmedizin Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - D M Coenen
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - P H Reitsma
- Einthoven Laboratory, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - W Ruf
- Center for Cardiology/Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis/DZHK, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - R H van Gorp
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - R R Koenen
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - T Vajen
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - N A Alshaikh
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - A S Wolberg
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States
| | - F L Macrae
- Thrombosis and Tissue Repair Group, Division of Cardiovascular and Diabetes Research, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - N Asquith
- Thrombosis and Tissue Repair Group, Division of Cardiovascular and Diabetes Research, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - J Heemskerk
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - A Heinzmann
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - M Moorlag
- Synapse, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - N Mackman
- Department of Medicine, UNC McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States
| | - P van der Meijden
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - J C M Meijers
- Department of Plasma Proteins, Sanquin, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M Heestermans
- Einthoven Laboratory, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - T Renné
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - S Dólleman
- Department of Nephrology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - W Chayouâ
- Synapse, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - R A S Ariëns
- Thrombosis and Tissue Repair Group, Division of Cardiovascular and Diabetes Research, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - C C Baaten
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - M Nagy
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - A Kuliopulos
- Tufts University School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Biochemistry/Developmental, Molecular and Chemical Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - J J Posma
- Laboratory for Clinical Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - P Harrison
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - M J Vries
- Laboratory for Clinical Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - H J G M Crijns
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - E A M P Dudink
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - H R Buller
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Y M C Henskens
- Laboratory for Clinical Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - A Själander
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - S Zwaveling
- Laboratory for Clinical Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Synapse, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - O Erküner
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - J W Eikelboom
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - A Gulpen
- Laboratory for Clinical Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - F E C M Peeters
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - J Douxfils
- Department of Pharmacy, Thrombosis and Hemostasis Center, Faculty of Medicine, Namur University, Namur, Belgium
| | - R H Olie
- Laboratory for Clinical Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - T Baglin
- Department of Haematology, Addenbrookes Hospital Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - A Leader
- Laboratory for Clinical Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center, Institute of Hematology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Petah Tikva, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - U Schotten
- Center for Cardiology/Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis/DZHK, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - B Scaf
- Laboratory for Clinical Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - H M M van Beusekom
- Department of Experimental Cardiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - L O Mosnier
- Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, United States
| | | | - P Declerck
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - D W J Dippel
- Department of Neurology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - K Pertiwi
- Department of Cardiovascular Pathology, University of Amsterdam, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - A J Ten Cate-Hoek
- Laboratory for Clinical Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - H Ten Cate
- Laboratory for Clinical Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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7
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Pierelli G, Stanzione R, Forte M, Migliarino S, Perelli M, Volpe M, Rubattu S. Uncoupling Protein 2: A Key Player and a Potential Therapeutic Target in Vascular Diseases. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:7348372. [PMID: 29163755 PMCID: PMC5661070 DOI: 10.1155/2017/7348372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2017] [Revised: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) is an inner mitochondrial membrane protein that belongs to the uncoupling protein family and plays an important role in lowering mitochondrial membrane potential and dissipating metabolic energy with prevention of oxidative stress accumulation. In the present article, we will review the evidence that UCP2, as a consequence of its roles within the mitochondria, represents a critical player in the predisposition to vascular disease development in both animal models and in humans, particularly in relation to obesity, diabetes, and hypertension. The deletion of the UCP2 gene contributes to atherosclerosis lesion development in the knockout mice, also showing significantly shorter lifespan. The UCP2 gene downregulation is a key determinant of higher predisposition to renal and cerebrovascular damage in an animal model of spontaneous hypertension and stroke. In contrast, UCP2 overexpression improves both hyperglycemia- and high-salt diet-induced endothelial dysfunction and ameliorates hypertensive target organ damage in SHRSP. Moreover, drugs (fenofibrate and sitagliptin) and several vegetable compounds (extracts from Brassicaceae, berberine, curcumin, and capsaicin) are able to induce UCP2 expression level and to exert beneficial effects on the occurrence of vascular damage. As a consequence, UCP2 becomes an interesting therapeutic target for the treatment of common human vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Pierelli
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, Tor Vergata University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Serena Migliarino
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Marika Perelli
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Volpe
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Isernia, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Speranza Rubattu
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Isernia, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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8
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Cybularz M, Langbein H, Zatschler B, Brunssen C, Deussen A, Matschke K, Morawietz H. Endothelial function and gene expression in perivascular adipose tissue from internal mammary arteries of obese patients with coronary artery disease. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2017; 30:149-158. [PMID: 29096831 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosissup.2017.05.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Obesity is a risk factor for endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis. However, perivascular adipose tissue can release adipokines and other unknown adipose-derived relaxing factors. Therefore, we investigated the impact of obesity on vascular function and expression of genes in perivascular adipose tissue from internal mammary arteries of patients with coronary artery disease undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. METHODS The vessel function was compared between groups of patients with a body-mass index (BMI) between 25 and 30 kg/m2. The groups did not differ in age, gender (males), and ejection fraction. Vascular segments of internal mammary arteries were examined in a Mulvany myograph. Following preconstriction with noradrenaline, dose-response curves were assessed for relaxation with acetylcholine and sodium nitroprusside. RESULTS Maximum contraction in response to potassium and noradrenaline was increased in obese patients with a BMI >30 kg/m2. EC50 of endothelium-dependent relaxation was impaired in patients with a BMI above 25, but below 30 kg/m2. Sodium nitroprusside-mediated maximal relaxation was not different between study groups. Integrin alpha X chain (ITGAX/CD11c) and macrophage mannose receptor (MRC1/CD206) expression was reduced in perivascular adipose tissue of patients with a BMI above 30 kg/m2, while adiponectin (ADPQ) expression was increased in the same tissue. CONCLUSION Our data suggest a partially reduced endothelial function in internal mammary arteries of adipose patients with a BMI between 25 and 30 kg/m2 undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting surgery. Increased adiponectin expression in perivascular tissue might contribute to maintenance of endothelial function in obese patients with a BMI above 30 kg/m2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Cybularz
- Division of Vascular Endothelium and Microcirculation, Department of Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Heike Langbein
- Division of Vascular Endothelium and Microcirculation, Department of Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Birgit Zatschler
- Institute of Physiology, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Coy Brunssen
- Division of Vascular Endothelium and Microcirculation, Department of Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Andreas Deussen
- Institute of Physiology, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Klaus Matschke
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Herzzentrum Dresden, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstr. 76, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Henning Morawietz
- Division of Vascular Endothelium and Microcirculation, Department of Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany.
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Janszky I, Romundstad P, Laugsand LE, Vatten LJ, Mukamal KJ, Mørkedal B. Weight and weight change and risk of acute myocardial infarction and heart failure - the HUNT Study. J Intern Med 2016; 280:312-22. [PMID: 27046302 DOI: 10.1111/joim.12494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To delineate the association of weight with cardiovascular health throughout adulthood. METHODS We conducted a population-based prospective cohort study of 26 097 community-dwelling individuals who were followed for 11.4 years with measurements of cardiovascular risk factors and common chronic disorders. Body weight and height were directly measured at baseline in 1995-1997 as they had been 10 and 30 years prior to baseline. From these measurements, we estimated average body mass index (BMI) over time and calculated weight change. RESULTS The association of average BMI with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) became weaker with adjustment for the most recent BMI measurement, whilst this adjustment had a more limited effect on associations with heart failure (HF) risk. For example, the multi-adjusted hazard ratios for AMI in a comparison of individuals with average BMI until baseline ≥35 kg m(-2) and between 18.5 and 22.4 kg m(-2) decreased from 1.75 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.04-2.95] to 1.32 (0.73-2.40). The corresponding numbers for HF were 3.12 (1.85-5.27) and 2.95 (1.53-5.71), respectively. The associations between weight change and risk of AMI and HF were U-shaped, with stable weight showing the lowest risk. CONCLUSION Sustained overweight or obesity over time is associated with increased risk of HF, even after adjustment for the most recent BMI. For AMI risk, the most recent BMI appears to be the most important. Weight change also increases risks for both outcomes beyond the effects of BMI. Our results suggest that a global epidemic of obesity is likely to increase the incidence of HF, even if BMI in middle age can be controlled.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Janszky
- Department of Public Health and General Practice, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - P Romundstad
- Department of Public Health and General Practice, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - L E Laugsand
- Department of Public Health and General Practice, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Cardiology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - L J Vatten
- Department of Public Health and General Practice, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - K J Mukamal
- Division of General Medicine and Primary Care, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - B Mørkedal
- Department of Public Health and General Practice, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.,Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway
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Duarte FO, Sene-Fiorese M, de Aquino Junior AE, da Silveira Campos RM, Masquio DCL, Tock L, Garcia de Oliveira Duarte AC, Dâmaso AR, Bagnato VS, Parizotto NA. Can low-level laser therapy (LLLT) associated with an aerobic plus resistance training change the cardiometabolic risk in obese women? A placebo-controlled clinical trial. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2015; 153:103-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2015.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2015] [Revised: 08/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Positron Emission Tomography Myocardial Perfusion Imaging for Diagnosis and Risk Stratification in Obese Patients. CURRENT CARDIOVASCULAR IMAGING REPORTS 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s12410-014-9304-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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12
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Gómez-Hernández A, Perdomo L, de las Heras N, Beneit N, Escribano O, Otero YF, Guillén C, Díaz-Castroverde S, Gozalbo-López B, Cachofeiro V, Lahera V, Benito M. Antagonistic effect of TNF-alpha and insulin on uncoupling protein 2 (UCP-2) expression and vascular damage. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2014; 13:108. [PMID: 25077985 PMCID: PMC4149264 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-014-0108-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2014] [Accepted: 06/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background It has been reported that increased expression of UCP-2 in the vasculature may prevent the development of atherosclerosis in patients with increased production of reactive oxygen species, as in the diabetes, obesity or hypertension. Thus, a greater understanding in the modulation of UCP-2 could improve the atherosclerotic process. However, the effect of TNF-α or insulin modulating UCP-2 in the vascular wall is completely unknown. In this context, we propose to study new molecular mechanisms that help to explain whether the moderate hyperinsulinemia or lowering TNF-α levels might have a protective role against vascular damage mediated by UCP-2 expression levels. Methods We analyzed the effect of insulin or oleic acid in presence or not of TNF-α on UCP-2 expression in murine endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells. At this step, we wondered if some mechanisms studied in vitro could be of any relevance in vivo. We used the following experimental models: ApoE−/− mice under Western type diet for 2, 6, 12 or 18 weeks, BATIRKO mice under high-fat diet for 16 weeks and 52-week-old BATIRKO mice with o without anti-TNF-α antibody pre-treatment. Results Firstly, we found that TNF-α pre-treatment reduced UCP-2 expression induced by insulin in vascular cells. Secondly, we observed a progressive reduction of UCP-2 levels together with an increase of lipid depots and lesion area in aorta from ApoE−/− mice. In vivo, we also observed that moderate hyperinsulinemic obese BATIRKO mice have lower TNF-α and ROS levels and increased UCP-2 expression levels within the aorta, lower lipid accumulation, vascular dysfunction and macrovascular damage. We also observed that the anti-TNF-α antibody pre-treatment impaired the loss of UCP-2 expression within the aorta and relieved vascular damage observed in 52-week-old BATIRKO mice. Finally, we observed that the pretreatment with iNOS inhibitor prevented UCP-2 reduction induced by TNF-α in vascular cells. Moreover, iNOS levels are augmented in aorta from mice with lower UCP-2 levels and higher TNF-α levels. Conclusions Our data suggest that moderate hyperinsulinemia in response to insulin resistance or lowering of TNF-α levels within the aorta attenuates vascular damage, this protective effect being mediated by UCP-2 expression levels through iNOS. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12933-014-0108-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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El-Gendy AA, Abbas AM. Effect of omega-3 fatty acids on haemostatic functions in urocortin-treated obese rats. J Physiol Biochem 2014; 70:809-20. [PMID: 25062615 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-014-0350-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2014] [Accepted: 07/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Urocortin 1 (UCN1) decreases food intake. We investigated the effects of UCN1 and omega-3 fatty acids (FA) on metabolic and coagulation parameters in high fat diet (HFD)-fed rats. Fifty male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into five groups; control, HFD, HFD with omega-3 FA, HFD with UCN1, and HFD with UCN1 and omega-3 FA. Food intake, body weight (BW), body mass index (BMI), Lee index, glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, triglycerides, cholesterol, low (LDL) and high (HDL) density lipoproteins, fibrinogen, plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1), fibrin degradation product (FDP), clotting time, bleeding time, prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), and platelet aggregation were measured. Food intake, BW, BMI, Lee index, glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, triglycerides, cholesterol, LDL, fibrinogen, platelet aggregation, PAI-1, and FDP increased while bleeding and clotting times, PT, and aPTT decreased in HFD rats. UCN1 decreased food intake, BW, BMI, Lee index, bleeding and clotting times, PT, and aPTT and increased fibrinogen, PAI-1, FDP, and platelet aggregation in HFD rats. Omega-3 FA decreased food intake, BW, BMI, Lee index, platelet aggregation, glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, triglycerides, and increased HDL and bleeding time in HFD rats. We concluded that UCN1 worsens the hypercoagulable state in HFD rats while omega-3 FA improve the insulin resistance and decrease the platelet aggregation in those rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A El-Gendy
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, PO box 35516, Mansoura, Egypt
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